Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| contemporary north american influenza h7 viruses possess human receptor specificity: implications for virus transmissibility. | avian h7 influenza viruses from both the eurasian and north american lineage have caused outbreaks in poultry since 2002, with confirmed human infection occurring during outbreaks in the netherlands, british columbia, and the united kingdom. the majority of h7 infections have resulted in self-limiting conjunctivitis, whereas probable human-to-human transmission has been rare. here, we used glycan microarray technology to determine the receptor-binding preference of eurasian and north american li ... | 2008 | 18508975 |
| comparison of effects of 2 harvesting methods on fat autograft. | fat preparation for vocal-fold injection medialization is typically done by scraping of excised fat or by lipo-aspiration; however, lipo-aspiration is substantially more efficient. considering this, we compared viability of fat tissues obtained by these two techniques. we also examined whether basic fibroblast growth factor (bfgf) would increase cell proliferation in samples harvested by these methods. | 2008 | 18496155 |
| heartworm disease in animals and humans. | heartworm disease due to dirofilaria immitis continues to cause severe disease and even death in dogs and other animals in many parts of the world, even though safe, highly effective and convenient preventatives have been available for the past two decades. moreover, the parasite and vector mosquitoes continue to spread into areas where they have not been reported previously. heartworm societies have been established in the usa and japan and the first european dirofilaria days (fedd) conference ... | 2008 | 18486691 |
| avian influenza in birds and mammals. | the disease syndromes caused by avian influenza viruses are highly variable depending on the host species infected, its susceptibility and response to infection and the virulence of the infecting viral strain. although avian influenza viruses have a broad host range in general, it is rare for an individual strain or subtype to infect more than one species. the h5n1 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (hpaiv) lineages of viruses that descended from a/goose/guandong/96 (h5n1 hpaiv) are unusual ... | 2009 | 18485480 |
| screening monoclonal antibodies for cross-reactivity in the ferret model of influenza infection. | influenza virus infections carry a high public health cost, and pandemics are potentially catastrophic. though the ferret is generally regarded as the best model for human influenza, few reagents are available for the analysis of cellular immunity. we thus screened monoclonal antibodies (mabs) made for identifying immune cells in other species to see if any were cross-reactive. flow cytometric analysis of lymphocytes isolated from blood, spleen, and lung of normal and virus-infected ferrets indi ... | 2008 | 18485358 |
| gr-205171 (glaxo wellcome plc). | glaxo wellcome is developing the nk1 antagonist gr-205171 for the potential treatment of chemotherapy- and radiotherapy-induced emesis, post-operative nausea and emesis, and migraine. phase ii trials have commenced for both these indications. gr-205171 has a similar affinity for the nk1 receptor as cp-99994 [176071,193105]. glaxo anticipates nda and maa filings in 2000 [244813]. a trial of gr-205171 in combination with ondansetron demonstrated the combination to be highly effective in the preven ... | 1998 | 18465582 |
| comparative histological study of the mammalian facial nucleus. | we performed comparative nissl, klüver-barrera and golgi staining studies of the mammalian facial nucleus to classify the morphologically distinct subdivisions and the neuronal types in the rat, rabbit, ferret, japanese monkey (macaca fuscata), pig, horse, risso's dolphin (grampus griseus), and bottlenose dolphin (tursiops truncatus). the medial subnucleus was observed in all examined species; however, that of the risso's and bottlenose dolphins was a poorly-developed structure comprised of scat ... | 2008 | 18460831 |
| virus growth and antibody responses following respiratory tract infection of ferrets and mice with wt and p/v mutants of the paramyxovirus simian virus 5. | p/v gene substitutions convert the non-cytopathic paramyxovirus simian virus 5 (sv5), which is a poor inducer of host cell responses in human tissue culture cells, into a mutant (p/v-cpi-) that induces high levels of apoptosis, interferon (ifn)-beta, and proinflammatory cytokines. however, the effect of sv5-p/v gene mutations on virus growth and adaptive immune responses in animals has not been determined. here, we used two distinct animal model systems to test the hypothesis that sv5-p/v mutant ... | 2008 | 18456301 |
| long-term outcome of domestic ferrets treated surgically for hyperadrenocorticism: 130 cases (1995-2004). | to determine the long-term survival rate and factors that affect survival time of domestic ferrets treated surgically for hyperadrenocorticism. | 2008 | 18447778 |
| use of a gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist implant as an alternative for surgical castration in male ferrets (mustela putorius furo). | surgical castration in ferrets has been implicated as an etiological factor in the development of hyperadrenocorticism in this species due to a castration-related increase in plasma gonadotropins. in search for a suitable alternative, the effect of treatment with the depot gnrh-agonist implant, deslorelin, on plasma testosterone concentrations and concurrent testes size, spermatogenesis, and the typical musky odor of intact male ferrets was investigated. twenty-one male ferrets, equally divided ... | 2008 | 18439664 |
| canine distemper virus in wild ferret-badgers of taiwan. | canine distemper is an acute or subacute, highly contagious, febrile disease that is caused by canine distemper virus (cdv). two cdv-infected wild taiwan ferret-badgers (melogale moschata subauantiaca) were found in kaohsiung county, southern taiwan, in 2005. each case was confirmed by detecting cdv rna in lung and brain tissues. a suspected third case was detected based on clinical signs and histology. these cases are the first record of wildlife infected by cdv in taiwan. it is believed that d ... | 2008 | 18436676 |
| molecular characterization of a new genotype of cryptosporidium from american minks (mustela vison) in china. | a total of 469 fecal samples were collected from american minks (mustela vison) on a farm in hebei province in china and examined for cryptosporidium by sheather's sugar flotation technique and 8 cryptosporidim isolates were obtained. the partial 18s rrna, 70kda heat shock protein (hsp70), cryptosporidium oocyst wall protein (cowp) and actin genes of six isolates were sequenced. sequence data were analyzed together with known cryptosporidium spp. and genotypes. results of this multi-locus geneti ... | 2008 | 18434024 |
| helicobacter animal models. | in this unit, protocols for growing helicobacter organisms on plates or in liquid cultures are presented, followed by protocols for infecting mice with helicobacter felis and h. pylori and for infecting ferrets with h. mustelae. also, a procedure is described for adapting an h. pylori isolate to growth in mice. support protocols describe methods for quantifying numbers of helicobacter organisms, and how to create a growth curve for helicobacter cultures. one important technique in investigating ... | 2001 | 18432759 |
| clinicopathologic features of a systemic coronavirus-associated disease resembling feline infectious peritonitis in the domestic ferret (mustela putorius). | from 2002 to 2007, 23 ferrets from europe and the united states were diagnosed with systemic pyogranulomatous inflammation resembling feline infectious peritonitis (fip). the average age at the time of diagnosis was 11 months. the disease was progressive in all cases, and average duration of clinical illness was 67 days. common clinical findings were anorexia, weight loss, diarrhea, and large, palpable intra-abdominal masses; less frequent findings included hind limb paresis, central nervous sys ... | 2008 | 18424841 |
| oseltamivir prophylactic regimens prevent h5n1 influenza morbidity and mortality in a ferret model. | current oseltamivir prophylactic regimens may not be as effective against highly pathogenic h5n1 influenza viruses as they are against less pathogenic strains. an optimal regimen is urgently needed. | 2008 | 18422444 |
| severe seasonal influenza in ferrets correlates with reduced interferon and increased il-6 induction. | even though ferrets are one of the principal animal models for influenza pathogenesis, the lack of suitable immunological reagents has so far limited their use in host response studies. using recently established real-time pcr assays for a panel of ferret cytokines, we analyzed the local ferret immune response to human influenza isolates of the h1n1 and h3n2 subtypes that varied in their virulence. we observed that the severity of clinical signs correlated with gross- and histopathological chang ... | 2008 | 18420248 |
| adenosine reduces the reverse mode of the na+/ca(2+) exchanger in ferret cardiac fibres. | the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of adenosine on reverse mode na+/ca(2+) exchange. in intact ferret cardiac trabeculae, na+-free contractures were investigated after treating preparations with ryanodine, a sarcoplasmic reticulum ca(2+) -channel inhibitor, and thapsigargin, a sarcoplasmic reticulum ca(2+) -pump inhibitor added to suppress the sarcoplasmic reticulum function. the effects of adenosine (50-100 nmol/l), adenosine deaminase (ada, 0.1-0.5 u/l), the a1 and a2a recept ... | 2008 | 18418446 |
| novel postentry resistance to akv ecotropic mouse gammaretroviruses in the african pygmy mouse, mus minutoides. | cells of mus minutoides, an african pygmy mouse of the subgenus nannomys, are susceptible to ecotropic moloney and friend mouse leukemia viruses (mlvs) but not to akv-type mlvs. transfected ma139 ferret cells expressing the mcat-1 cell surface receptor, with the mincat-1 substitutions k222q and v233l, did not restrict akv mlv. the resistance of m. minutoides cells to akv mlv was not relieved by inhibitors of glycosylation or by the introduction of nih 3t3 mcat-1. resistance is thus not mediated ... | 2008 | 18417580 |
| [novel assessment of intracellular calcium transient decay in cardiac muscle by curve-fitting with half-logistic function]. | a decrease in intracellular calcium (ca2+) concentration in the cardiac muscle is one of the important factors to induce myocardial relaxation. a mono-exponential (m-e) function has been used for assessing myocardial relaxation curve of isometric tension and intracellular calcium transient (cat) decay, and the m-e time constants for the relaxation curve of isometric tension (f tau e) and cat decay (ca tau e) have been recognised as lusitropic indices. however, we found that a half-logistic (h-l) ... | 2008 | 18416193 |
| visual-auditory spatial processing in auditory cortical neurons. | neurons responsive to visual stimulation have now been described in the auditory cortex of various species, but their functions are largely unknown. here we investigate the auditory and visual spatial sensitivity of neurons recorded in 5 different primary and non-primary auditory cortical areas of the ferret. we quantified the spatial tuning of neurons by measuring the responses to stimuli presented across a range of azimuthal positions and calculating the mutual information (mi) between the neu ... | 2008 | 18407249 |
| toxicology of ferrets. | because of their curious nature and small size, ferrets are at risk for various toxicoses. at present, there is not a great deal of information on specific toxicants in ferrets. this article initially reviews general consideration in treating poisoning in ferrets, such as obtaining history and decontamination. it then discusses some specific agents that appear to be common causes of poisoning in ferrets based on the experience of the aspca animal poison control center. | 2008 | 18406389 |
| experimental chronic wasting disease (cwd) in the ferret. | chronic wasting disease (cwd), a prion disease of north american deer, elk and moose, affects both free-ranging and captive cervids. the potential host range for cwd remains uncertain. the susceptibility of the ferret to cwd was examined experimentally by administering infectious brain material by the intracerebral (ic) or oral (po) route. between 15 and 20 months after ic inoculation, ferrets developed neurological signs consistent with prion disease, including polyphagia, somnolence, piloerect ... | 2008 | 18387626 |
| efficacy of imidacloprid 10%/moxidectin 1% (advocate/advantage multi) against fleas (ctenocephalides felis felis) on ferrets (mustela putorius furo). | ferrets (mustela putorius furo) are becoming increasingly popular as pets and are kept in households with other pet animals such as dogs and cats, from which they may catch flea infestations with the predominant flea species ctenocephalides felis. in this study, the efficacy of imidacloprid/moxidectin spot-on (advocate/advantage multi) was investigated in the therapy and prevention of flea infestation in ferrets. sixteen adult ferrets of varying weights and ages and of both sexes were included. ... | 2008 | 18386063 |
| cortical dynamics subserving visual apparent motion. | motion can be perceived when static images are successively presented with a spatial shift. this type of motion is an illusion and is termed apparent motion (am). here we show, with a voltage sensitive dye applied to the visual cortex of the ferret, that presentation of a sequence of stationary, short duration, stimuli which are perceived to produce am are, initially, mapped in areas 17 and 18 as separate stationary representations. but time locked to the offset of the 1st stimulus, a sequence o ... | 2008 | 18375528 |
| predator stress induces behavioral inhibition and amygdala somatostatin receptor 2 gene expression. | psychological stressors precipitate and maintain stress-induced psychopathology, and it is likely that altered amygdala function underlies some of the deleterious effects of psychological stress. to understand the mechanisms underlying the linkage between the response to psychological stressors and maladaptive or psychopathological responses, we have focused on amygdala responsivity in animal models employing species-specific psychological stressors. in the present study, we characterized the ef ... | 2008 | 18363859 |
| adeno-associated virus-targeted disruption of the cftr gene in cloned ferrets. | somatic cell gene targeting combined with nuclear transfer cloning presents tremendous potential for the creation of new, large-animal models of human diseases. mouse disease models often fail to reproduce human phenotypes, underscoring the need for the generation and study of alternative disease models. mice deficient for cftr have been poor models for cystic fibrosis (cf), lacking many aspects of human cf lung disease. in this study, we describe the production of a cftr gene-deficient model in ... | 2008 | 18324338 |
| injuries inflicted by a pet ferret on a child: morphological aspects and comparison with other mammalian pet bite marks. | ferrets are becoming more and more popular pets in american homes. nevertheless, they can cause potentially dangerous injuries, particularly in small children. based on the case of an infant injured by a ferret, the characteristics of the wounds are described and compared with those of other animals. the potential legal implications are also discussed. | 2008 | 18313018 |
| location, architecture, and retinotopy of the anteromedial lateral suprasylvian visual area (amls) of the ferret (mustela putorius). | the present paper describes the results of architectural and electrophysiological mapping observations of the medial bank of the suprasylvian sulcus of the ferret immediately caudal to somatosensory regions. the aim was to determine if the ferret possessed a homologous cortical area to the anteromedial lateral suprasylvian visual area (amls) of the domestic cat. we studied the architectural features and visuotopic organization of a region that we now consider to be a homologue to the cat amls. t ... | 2008 | 18282308 |
| sound localization behavior in ferrets: comparison of acoustic orientation and approach-to-target responses. | auditory localization experiments typically either require subjects to judge the location of a sound source from a discrete set of response alternatives or involve measurements of the accuracy of orienting responses made toward the source location. to compare the results obtained by both methods, we trained ferrets by positive conditioning to stand on a platform at the center of a circular arena prior to stimulus presentation and then approach the source of a broadband noise burst delivered from ... | 2008 | 18281159 |
| [clinical evaluation of three medetomidine--midazolam--ketamine combinations for neutering of ferrets (mustela putorius furo)]. | 33 ferrets (mustela putorius furo, 11 females, 22 males, asa i-ii) were neutered in a combination anaesthesia with medetomidine, midazolam and ketamine. the animals were randomized into 3 groups. all animals received 20 microg/kg bw medetomidine and 0.5 mg/kg bw midazolam. the three groups differed regarding dosis and way of application of ketamine (im10 = 10 mg/kg bw intramuscularly; im07 = 7 mg/kg bw intramuscularly; sc10 = 10 mg/kg bw subcutaneously). after 30 minutes anaesthesia was partiall ... | 2008 | 18277774 |
| responses of auditory cortex to complex stimuli: functional organization revealed using intrinsic optical signals. | we used optical imaging of intrinsic signals to study the large-scale organization of ferret auditory cortex in response to complex sounds. cortical responses were collected during continuous stimulation by sequences of sounds with varying frequency, period, or interaural level differences. we used a set of stimuli that differ in spectral structure, but have the same periodicity and therefore evoke the same pitch percept (click trains, sinusoidally amplitude modulated tones, and iterated ripple ... | 2008 | 18272880 |
| spontaneous pancreatic islet cell tumor in a black and white colobus monkey (colobus guereza kikuyuensis). | a 12-year-old, male black and white colobus monkey (colobus guereza kikuyuensis) from a small community zoo presented with a 6-month history of mild, slowly progressive ataxia and paresis culminating in an acute episode of recumbency, depression, and seizures. the animal was humanely euthanatized. gross post-mortem examination revealed significant abnormalities including diffuse pallor of the carcass and a firm, pale, 8-cm diameter mass, adherent to the serosa of the proximal duodenum and colon, ... | 2008 | 18269522 |
| chemical coding and central projections of gastric vagal afferent neurons. | vagal afferents that innervate gastric muscle or mucosa transmit distinct sensory information from their endings to the nucleus of the tractus solitarius (nts). while these afferent subtypes are functionally distinct, no neurochemical correlate has been described and it is unknown whether they terminate in different central locations. this study aimed to identify gastric vagal afferent subtypes in the nodose ganglion (ng) of ferrets, their terminal areas in nts and neurochemistry for isolectin-b ... | 2008 | 18266614 |
| reelin is essential for neuronal migration but not for radial glial elongation in neonatal ferret cortex. | numerous functions related to neuronal migration are linked to the glycoprotein reelin. reelin also elongates radial glia, which are disrupted in mutant reeler mice. our lab developed a model of cortical dysplasia in ferrets that shares features with the reeler mouse, including impaired migration of neurons into the cerebral cortex and disrupted radial glia. explants of normal ferret cortex in coculture with dysplastic ferret cortex restore the deficits in this model. to determine if reelin is i ... | 2008 | 18264995 |
| clinical aspects of systemic granulomatous inflammatory syndrome in ferrets (mustela putorius furo). | nine ferrets (mustela putorius furo) were diagnosed with systemic granulomatous inflammatory syndrome between 2005 and 2006. common signs included diarrhoea, lethargy, weight loss, and weakness in the hindlimbs. pathological findings consisted of mesenteric lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, hypergammaglobulinaemia and non-regenerative anaemia. the condition was progressive and fatal in all the cases. | 2008 | 18263918 |
| an unidentified filarial species and its impact on fitness in wild populations of the black-footed ferret (mustela nigripes). | disease can threaten the restoration of endangered species directly by substantially decreasing host survival or indirectly via incremental decreases in survival and reproduction. during a biomedical survey of reintroduced populations of the highly endangered black-footed ferret from 2002 to 2005, microfilariae discovered in the blood were putatively identified as dirofilaria immitis, and widespread screening was initiated using a commercially available antigen-based elisa test. a subset of anim ... | 2008 | 18263821 |
| vaccination with f1-v fusion protein protects black-footed ferrets (mustela nigripes) against plague upon oral challenge with yersinia pestis. | previous studies have established that vaccination of black-footed ferrets (mustela nigripes) with f1-v fusion protein by subcutaneous (sc) injection protects the animals against plague upon injection of the bacterium yersinia pestis. this study demonstrates that the f1-v antigen can also protect ferrets against plague contracted via ingestion of a y. pestis-infected mouse, a probable route for natural infection. eight black-footed ferret kits were vaccinated with f1-v protein by sc injection at ... | 2008 | 18263816 |
| cloning, expression and immunoassay detection of ferret ifn-gamma. | ferrets (mustela putorius furo) develop symptoms upon influenza infection that resemble those of humans, including sneezing, body temperature variation and weight loss. highly pathogenic strains of influenza a, such as h5n1, have the capacity to cause severe illness or death in ferrets. the use of ferrets as a model of influenza infection is currently limited by a lack of species-specific immunological reagents. interferon gamma (ifn-gamma) plays a key role in the development of innate and adapt ... | 2008 | 18262264 |
| opioid modulation of ferret vagal afferent mechanosensitivity. | despite universal use of opioids in the clinic to inhibit pain, there is relatively little known of their peripheral actions on sensory nerve endings, where in fact they may be better targeted with more widespread applications. here we show differential effects of mu-, kappa-, and delta-opioids on mechanosensitive ferret esophageal vagal afferent endings investigated in vitro. the effects of selective agonists [d-ala(2),n-me-phe(4),gly-ol(5)]-enkephalin (damgo), 2-(3, 4-dichlorophenyl)-n-methyl- ... | 2008 | 18258789 |
| phoneme representation and classification in primary auditory cortex. | a controversial issue in neurolinguistics is whether basic neural auditory representations found in many animals can account for human perception of speech. this question was addressed by examining how a population of neurons in the primary auditory cortex (a1) of the naive awake ferret encodes phonemes and whether this representation could account for the human ability to discriminate them. when neural responses were characterized and ordered by spectral tuning and dynamics, perceptually signif ... | 2008 | 18247893 |
| characterization of transforming growth factors beta1 and 2 in ferrets (mustela putorius furo). | unwanted scar tissue after surgical procedures remains a central problem in medicine. nowhere is this problem more evident than within the pediatric airway, where excess scarring, termed subglottic stenosis, can compromise breathing. recent advances in molecular biology have focused on ways to decrease scar formation through understanding of the wound repair process. transforming growth factor beta (tfgbeta) plays a central role in this pathway. ferrets serve as an ideal model for the pediatric ... | 2007 | 18246873 |
| a preliminary study of sleep ontogenesis in the ferret (mustela putorius furo). | we investigated sleep ontogenesis in the ferret-a placental mammal that is highly altricial compared to other mammalian species. because altriciality is linked with elevated rapid-eye-movement (rem) sleep amounts during infancy, it was expected that ferret kits would display very high levels of this state. longitudinal polysomnographic measurements were made from 8 ferret kits from approximately eye-opening (postnatal day [p]30)-p50 using an experimental routine that minimized the effects of mat ... | 2008 | 18243360 |
| assessment of bovine herpesvirus 4 based vector in chicken. | the biological characteristics of bohv-4 make it a good candidate as a gene delivery vector for vaccination purposes. these characteristics include little or no pathogenicity, unlikely oncogenicity, the ability to accommodate large amounts of foreign genetic material, the ability to infect several cell types from different animal species, such as sheep, goats, swine, cats, dogs, rabbits, mink, horses, turkeys, ferrets, monkeys, hamsters, rats, mice, and chickens. in this report, the feasibility ... | 2008 | 18243344 |
| seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis in sheep in south africa. | serum samples from 600 sheep were collected from 5 different provinces randomly chosen in south africa. two sheep abattoirs (representing formal slaughter of sheep) and 1 rural location (representing informal slaughter of sheep) per province were also selected randomly. the serum samples were tested for anti-toxoplasma gondii igg antibodies using 2 different serological tests: an indirect fluorescent antibody (ifa) test and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) test available as a commerc ... | 2007 | 18237032 |
| the sars-cov ferret model in an infection-challenge study. | phase i human clinical studies involving therapeutics for emerging and biodefense pathogens with low incidence, such as the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (sars-cov), requires at a minimum preclinical evaluation of efficacy in two well-characterized and robust animal models. thus, a ferret sars-cov model was evaluated over a period of 58 days following extensive optimization and characterization of the model in order to validate clinical, histopathological, virological and immunol ... | 2008 | 18234270 |
| injectable peramivir mitigates disease and promotes survival in ferrets and mice infected with the highly virulent influenza virus, a/vietnam/1203/04 (h5n1). | the post-exposure therapeutic efficacy of injectable peramivir against highly pathogenic avian influenza type a h5n1 was evaluated in mice and in ferrets. seventy to eighty percent of the h5n1-infected peramivir-treated mice, and 70% in the oseltamivir treated mice survived the 15-day study period, as compared to 36% in control (vehicle) group. ferrets were infected intranasally with h5n1 followed by treatment with multiple doses of peramivir. in two of three trials, a statistically significant ... | 2008 | 18234269 |
| influenza virus transmission: basic science and implications for the use of antiviral drugs during a pandemic. | recent and ongoing zoonotic infections of humans with avian influenza viruses have highlighted the importance of transmission in the development of an influenza pandemic. despite the ability of h5n1 influenza viruses to grow to high titers and cause severe disease in human hosts, these viruses do not spread efficiently from human-to-human. the question of what viral, host and environmental factors are required to render an influenza virus transmissible has therefore become very topical. recent w ... | 2007 | 18220963 |
| a comparative analysis of carbon dioxide displacement rates for euthanasia of the ferret. | though carbon dioxide asphyxiation is a common method of euthanasia for laboratory animals, species-specific guidelines have not been established for this procedure in the domestic ferret (mustela putorius furo). the authors investigated the efficacy and stress effects of carbon dioxide euthanasia in 24 ferrets that had participated in previous experimental protocols. they euthanized ferrets by placing them in cages that were either prefilled with carbon dioxide or gradually filled at a displace ... | 2008 | 18216799 |
| a unique therapeutic approach to emesis and itch with a proanthocyanidin-rich genonutrient. | we examined the therapeutic potential of a proprietary croton palanostigma extract (zangrado(r)) in the management of emesis and itch. | 2008 | 18205911 |
| do cross-modal projections always result in multisensory integration? | convergence of afferents from different sensory modalities has generally been thought to produce bimodal (and trimodal) neurons (i.e., exhibit suprathreshold excitation to more than 1 sensory modality). consequently, studies identifying cross-modal connections assume that such convergence results in bimodal (or trimodal) neurons that produce familiar forms of multisensory integration: response enhancement or depression. the present study questioned that assumption by anatomically identifying a p ... | 2008 | 18203695 |
| discovery and characterization of novel tryptophan hydroxylase inhibitors that selectively inhibit serotonin synthesis in the gastrointestinal tract. | 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) (5-ht) is a neurotransmitter with both central and peripheral functions, including the modulation of mood, appetite, hemodynamics, gastrointestinal (gi) sensation, secretion, and motility. its synthesis is initiated by the enzyme tryptophan hydroxylase (tph). two isoforms of tph have been discovered: tph1, primarily expressed in the enterochromaffin cells of the gastrointestinal tract, and tph2, expressed exclusively in neuronal cells. mice lacking tph1 contain li ... | 2008 | 18192499 |
| pharmacological characterization of t-2328, 2-fluoro-4'-methoxy-3'-[[[(2s,3s)-2-phenyl-3-piperidinyl]amino]methyl]-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-carbonitrile dihydrochloride, as a brain-penetrating antagonist of tachykinin nk1 receptor. | the pharmacological properties of t-2328 were evaluated as an antagonist of the tachykinin neurokinin 1 (nk(1)) receptor. t-2328 inhibited the specific binding of [(3)h][sar(9),met(o(2))(11)]substance p to tachykinin nk(1) receptors in human lymphoblastic im9 cells with k(i) of 0.08 nm. in the same assay, k(i) for aprepitant, a brain-penetrating nk(1) antagonist, was 1.3 nm. the antagonism of t-2328 is highly selective for the human nk(1) receptors since the affinities for human nk(2), nk(3) rec ... | 2008 | 18187929 |
| temporal properties of feedforward and feedback pathways between the thalamus and visual cortex in the ferret. | this study examines the temporal properties of geniculocortical and corticogeniculate (cg) pathways that link the lateral geniculate nucleus (lgn) and primary visual cortex in the ferret. using electrical stimulation in the lgn to evoke action potentials in geniculocortical and cg axons, results show that conduction latencies are significantly faster in geniculocortical neurons than in cg neurons. within each pathway, axonal latency and visual physiology support the view of sub-classes of neuron ... | 2005 | 18176624 |
| isolation and chemiluminescent properties of ferret (mustela putorius furo) polymorphonuclear cells. | ferret polymorphonuclear cells (pmns) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmcs) were separated from whole blood by density gradient centrifugation. using a 50% percoll solution (density=1.066), pmns and pbmcs were successfully isolated after centrifugation; the purities of the pmns and pbmcs were 94.2% and 95.6%, respectively. to evaluate the function of isolated ferret pmns, we measured the superoxide generation with a mcla-dependent chemiluminescence assay. the isolated ferret pmns respon ... | 2007 | 18176035 |
| cross-protection against lethal h5n1 challenge in ferrets with an adjuvanted pandemic influenza vaccine. | unprecedented spread between birds and mammals of highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (hpai) of the h5n1 subtype has resulted in hundreds of human infections with a high fatality rate. this has highlighted the urgent need for the development of h5n1 vaccines that can be produced rapidly and in sufficient quantities. potential pandemic inactivated vaccines will ideally induce substantial intra-subtypic cross-protection in humans to warrant the option of use, either prior to or just after th ... | 2008 | 18167560 |
| adrenal gland disease in ferrets. | adrenal gland disease in ferrets is unique to this species, with clinical signs and pathophysiology different from those seen in the dog. its prevalence is increasing; 70% of pet ferrets in the united states were affected in 2003. the exact causes of the adrenal gland changes that lead to the disease are not known. early oophorohysterectomies and neutering, combined with the artificially prolonged photoperiod experienced by indoor pet ferrets, and a possible genetic component, may be contributin ... | 2008 | 18165141 |
| pancreatic endocrinopathies in ferrets. | pancreatic endocrinopathies, especially insulinomas, are a common finding in ferrets. surgical resection remains the treatment of choice for insulinomas because it can provide longer disease-free intervals and survival times. because of the high rate of metastasis, owners should be advised that treatment is rarely curative and is aimed at controlling the clinical signs of hypoglycemia by stopping or slowing the progression of the insulinoma. although less common, diabetes mellitus can occur in f ... | 2008 | 18165140 |
| the sugar glider (petaurus breviceps): a laboratory host for the nematode parastrongyloides trichosuri. | parastrongyloides trichosuri is a nematode parasite of the australian brush-tailed possums that can be propagated through many generations in vitro. this makes p. trichosuri uniquely suited for genetic investigations, including those involving transgenesis. however, an obstacle to its use as an experimental model has been the fact that its host is limited to australia and new zealand and that it cannot be exported because of its status as a protected species or agricultural pest, respectively. i ... | 2007 | 18163342 |
| salmonella infections in mink and ferrets. | 1949 | 18121314 | |
| genetic and antigenic analysis of epidemic influenza viruses isolated during 2006-2007 season in taiwan. | influenza viruses are some of the most active pathogens in taiwan. the monitoring influenza activity has been coordinated by the centers for diseases control, taiwan, and the surveillance is based on integrated clinical and virological surveillance components. data from sentinel physician networks and other sources, mainly hospitals were collected. during 2006-07 season, a total of 1724 cases of laboratory-confirmed influenza were reported by collaborating laboratories and sentinels, which was f ... | 2008 | 18098164 |
| chronic inflation of ferret lungs with cpap reduces airway smooth muscle contractility in vivo and in vitro. | the mechanical stress imposed on the lungs during breathing is an important modulator of airway responsiveness in vivo. our recent study demonstrated that continuous positive airway pressure applied to the lungs of nonanesthetized, tracheotomized rabbits for 4 days decreased lower respiratory system responsiveness to challenge with ach (xue z, zhang l, ramchandani r, liu y, antony vb, gunst sj, tepper rs. j. appl physiol 99: 677-682, 2005). in addition, airway segments excised from the lungs of ... | 2008 | 18096756 |
| identification of h2n3 influenza a viruses from swine in the united states. | although viruses of each of the 16 influenza a ha subtypes are potential human pathogens, only viruses of the h1, h2, and h3 subtype are known to have been successfully established in humans. h2 influenza viruses have been absent from human circulation since 1968, and as such they pose a substantial human pandemic risk. in this report, we isolate and characterize genetically similar avian/swine virus reassortant h2n3 influenza a viruses isolated from diseased swine from two farms in the united s ... | 2007 | 18093945 |
| visual cortex: more wiggle room for the brain. | experiments in which one eye of a ferret is removed at birth show subtle effects on the development of visual cortex maps that are in agreement with those predicted by theory. | 2007 | 18088589 |
| stabilizing the glycosylation pattern of influenza b hemagglutinin following adaptation to growth in eggs. | the currently circulating influenza b viruses from both antigenic lineages contain an n-linked glycosylation site in the hemagglutinin (ha) protein at positions of 196 or 197. however, egg adaptation caused the loss of the glycosylation site that could impact virus antigenicity and vaccine efficacy. the effect of the 196/197 glycosylation site on influenza b virus growth and antigenicity was systemically evaluated in this study by the molecular approach. paired recombinant 6:2 reassortant influe ... | 2008 | 18079027 |
| antigenic profile of avian h5n1 viruses in asia from 2002 to 2007. | antigenic profiles of post-2002 h5n1 viruses representing major genetic clades and various geographic sources were investigated using a panel of 17 monoclonal antibodies raised from five h5n1 strains. four antigenic groups from seven clades of h5n1 virus were distinguished and characterized based on their cross-reactivity to the monoclonal antibodies in hemagglutination inhibition and cell-based neutralization assays. genetic polymorphisms associated with the variation of antigenicity of h5n1 st ... | 2008 | 18077726 |
| a novel interhemispheric interaction: modulation of neuronal cooperativity in the visual areas. | the cortical representation of the visual field is split along the vertical midline, with the left and the right hemi-fields projecting to separate hemispheres. connections between the visual areas of the two hemispheres are abundant near the representation of the visual midline. it was suggested that they re-establish the functional continuity of the visual field by controlling the dynamics of the responses in the two hemispheres. | 2007 | 18074012 |
| identification of group 1 coronavirus antigen in multisystemic granulomatous lesions in ferrets (mustela putorius furo). | tissues from nine ferrets with granulomatous lesions similar to those seen in feline infectious peritonitis were examined histopathologically and immunohistochemically. four main types of lesions were observed: diffuse granulomatous inflammation on serosal surfaces; granulomas with areas of necrosis; granulomas without necrosis; and granulomas with neutrophils. other less commonly seen lesions were granulomatous necrotizing vasculitis and endogenous lipid pneumonia. fcv3-70 monoclonal antibody p ... | 2008 | 18067916 |
| dynamic properties of the representation of the visual field midline in the visual areas 17 and 18 of the ferret (mustela putorius). | in mammals, the visual field is split along the midline, each hemisphere representing the contralateral hemifield. we determined that, in the ferret, an 8- to 10-deg-wide strip of visual field near the midline is represented in both hemispheres. bright squares (1.5 deg) were flashed at different azimuths within the central 20 deg of the visual field. stimuli were flashed either alone or sequentially, and the responses were analyzed with the voltage-sensitive dye (vsd) rh 795 and/or by recording ... | 2008 | 18065721 |
| stimulus-dependent interaction between the visual areas 17 and 18 of the 2 hemispheres of the ferret (mustela putorius). | to study how the visual areas of the 2 hemispheres interact in processing visual stimuli we have recorded local field potentials in the callosally connected parts of areas 17 and 18 of the ferret during the presentation of 3 kinds of stimuli: 2.5 degrees squares flashed for 50 ms randomly in the visual field (s1), 4 full-field gratings differing in orientation by 45 degrees and identical in the 2 hemifields (s2) and gratings as above but whose orientation and/or direction of motion differed by 9 ... | 2008 | 18065720 |
| migration of transplanted neural progenitor cells in a ferret model of cortical dysplasia. | although altered gene expression clearly causes failure of the neocortex to form properly, many causes of neocortical dysplasia arise from environmental or unknown factors. our lab studies a model of cortical dysplasia induced by injection of methylazoxymethanol (mam) into pregnant ferrets on embryonic day 33 (e33), which shares many features of neocortical dysplasia in humans. e33 mam treatment results in characteristic deficits that include dramatic reduction of layer 4 in somatosensory cortex ... | 2008 | 18061166 |
| segmental atresia of the uterus associated with hydrometra in a ferret. | 2007 | 18056015 | |
| subcutaneous neoplasms of the ventral abdomen with features of adrenocortical tumors in two ferrets. | a ventral abdominal subcutaneous mass was removed from each of 2 young adult spayed female ferrets. in both cases, the neoplasms were composed of islands of polygonal cells separated by interlacing streams of spindloid cells reminiscent of ferret adrenocortical tumors with smooth muscle proliferation. immunohistochemically, the polygonal cells demonstrated strong cytoplasmic reactivity for inhibin and weak cytoplasmic reactivity for pancytokeratin and s-100 protein. spindloid cells demonstrated ... | 2007 | 18039913 |
| toxicological evaluation of live attenuated, cold-adapted h5n1 vaccines in ferrets. | live attenuated influenza vaccines (laiv) have several attributes related to safety, immunogenicity, cross-protection against antigenic drift strains, high yield and needle-free administration that make them attractive candidates for control of pandemic influenza. h5n1 laiv vaccine candidates are attenuated in ferrets, chickens and mice. these vaccine candidates were further characterized in the ferret model to evaluate their toxicity at doses comparable to seasonal laiv and at doses up to 100-f ... | 2007 | 18031873 |
| use of ferrets in laboratory work and research investigations. | 1940 | 18015262 | |
| cloning, expression and characterization of ferret cxcl10. | chemokines and their receptors function in the recruitment and activation of cells of the immune system to sites of inflammation. as such, chemokines play an important role in mediating pathophysiological events during microbial infection. in particular, cxcl9, cxcl10 and cxcl11 and their cognate receptor cxcr3 have been associated with the clinical course of several infectious diseases, including severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars) and influenza. while cxcl9, cxcl10 and cxcl11 share the sa ... | 2008 | 18006061 |
| histology of ferret skin: preweaning to adulthood. | ferrets are important companion animals that incur a multitude of cutaneous diseases requiring diagnostic dermatohistopathology. this study provides a description of the histology of normal ferret skin, emphasizing changes in the interval from preweaning to adulthood, an essential basis for identification of pathological situations. skin samples obtained post-mortem from 29 topographical sites on 41 ferrets, revealed in the haired, general body surface skin an epidermis consisting of strata basa ... | 2007 | 17991157 |
| dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus: a site for evoking simultaneous changes in crural diaphragm activity, lower esophageal sphincter pressure, and fundus tone. | the sphincter mechanism at the esophagogastric junction includes smooth muscle of the lower esophagus and skeletal muscle of the crural diaphragm (cd). smooth muscle is known to be under the control of the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (dmv), while central nervous system (cns) control of the cd is unknown. the main purposes of our study were to determine the cns site that controls the cd and whether simultaneous changes in lower esophageal sphincter (les) pressure and cd activity occur when ... | 2008 | 17977921 |
| difference in sensory dependence of occ1/follistatin-related protein expression between macaques and mice. | occ1/follistatin-related protein (frp) is strongly expressed in the primary visual cortex (v1) of macaque monkeys, and its expression is strongly down-regulated by intraocular tetrodotoxin (ttx) injection. the pronounced area selectivity of occ1/frp mrna expression occurs in macaques and marmosets, but not in mice, rabbits and ferrets, suggesting that occ1/frp is an important clue to the evolution of the primate cerebral cortex. to further determine species differences, we examined the sensory-i ... | 2008 | 17950574 |
| severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection in vaccinated ferrets. | development of vaccines to prevent severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars) is limited by the lack of well-characterized animal models. previous vaccine reports have noted robust neutralizing antibody and inflammatory responses in ferrets, resulting in enhanced hepatitis. | 2007 | 17922397 |
| luteinizing hormone-dependent cushing's syndrome in a pet ferret (mustela putorius furo). | hyperadrenocorticism in ferrets is associated with increased circulating concentrations of adrenal androgens, whereas plasma concentrations of cortisol and acth are usually not affected. here, we report on a 5-year-old castrated male pet ferret (mustela putorius furo) in which the major presenting signs were polyuria and polyphagia. routine biochemistry values were within their reference ranges. the urinary corticoid:creatinine ratio (uccr) was increased and the plasma acth concentration was sup ... | 2008 | 17920804 |
| linking cortical spike pattern codes to auditory perception. | abstract neurometric analysis has proven to be a powerful tool for studying links between neural activity and perception, especially in visual and somatosensory cortices, but conventional neurometrics are based on a simplistic rate-coding hypothesis that is clearly at odds with the rich and complex temporal spiking patterns evoked by many natural stimuli. in this study, we investigated the possible relationships between temporal spike pattern codes in the primary auditory cortex (a1) and the per ... | 2008 | 17919084 |
| chiasm formation in man is fundamentally different from that in the mouse. | at the optic chiasm axons make a key binary decision either to cross the chiasmal midline to innervate the contralateral optic tract or to remain uncrossed and innervate the ipsilateral optic tract. in rodents, midline interactions between axons from the two eyes are critical for normal chiasm development. when one eye is removed early in development the hemispheric projections from the remaining eye are disrupted, increasing the crossed projection at the expense of the uncrossed. this is simila ... | 2007 | 17914429 |
| development and evaluation of an influenza virus subtype h7n2 vaccine candidate for pandemic preparedness. | influenza virus of the h7n2 subtype has been introduced into noncommercial poultry in the united states, and this probably resulted in incidents of transmission of h7n2 virus to humans, documented in 2002 and 2003. this virus could be considered a potential threat to public health if it acquired person-to-person transmissibility. a favored approach for global pandemic preparedness includes development of prepandemic vaccines for any potential pandemic virus. to this end, we created a high-growth ... | 2007 | 17913860 |
| cone-specific expression using a human red opsin promoter in recombinant aav. | to determine the feasibility of targeting gene expression specifically to cone photoreceptors using recombinant adeno-associated virus (raav) as the vector. | 2008 | 17905404 |
| auditory cortical receptive fields: stable entities with plastic abilities. | to form a reliable, consistent, and accurate representation of the acoustic scene, a reasonable conjecture is that cortical neurons maintain stable receptive fields after an early period of developmental plasticity. however, recent studies suggest that cortical neurons can be modified throughout adulthood and may change their response properties quite rapidly to reflect changing behavioral salience of certain sensory features. because claims of adaptive receptive field plasticity could be confou ... | 2007 | 17898209 |
| the effects of ibuprofen and the neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist gr205171a on fos expression in the ferret trigeminal nucleus following tooth pulp stimulation. | we have developed a model to study central changes following inflammation of the tooth pulp in the ferret and have examined fos expression in the trigeminal nucleus following stimulation of non-inflamed and inflamed tooth pulps. the aim of this study was to establish the ability of this model to predict analgesic efficacy in clinical studies of inflammatory pain. we addressed this by assessing the effects of the neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist gr205171a and ibuprofen on fos expression following ... | 2008 | 17897851 |
| in vivo prophylactic activity of qr-435 against h3n2 influenza virus infection. | prophylaxis against influenza infection can take several forms, none of which is totally effective at preventing the spread of the disease. qr-435, an all-natural compound of green-tea extract and other agents, has been developed to protect against a range of viral infections, including the influenza subtype h3n2. | 2007 | 17890936 |
| alteration of visual input results in a coordinated reorganization of multiple visual cortex maps. | in the adult visual cortex, multiple feature maps exist and have characteristic spatial relationships with one another. the relationships can be reproduced by "dimension-reduction" computational models, suggesting that the principles of continuity and coverage may underlie cortical map organization. however, the mechanisms responsible for establishing these relationships are unknown. we explored whether removing one feature map during development causes a coordinated reorganization of the remain ... | 2007 | 17881536 |
| allergic lung inflammation affects central noradrenergic control of cholinergic outflow to the airways in ferrets. | brain stem noradrenergic cell groups mediating autonomic responses to stress project to airway-related vagal preganglionic neurons (avpns). in ferrets, their activation produces withdrawal of cholinergic outflow to the airways via release of norepinephrine and activation of alpha(2a)-adrenergic receptors (alpha(2a)-ar) expressed by avpns. in these studies, we examined the effects of allergen exposure of the airway (ae) with ovalbumin on noradrenergic transmission regulating the activity of avpns ... | 2007 | 17872402 |
| a-366833: a novel nicotinonitrile-substituted 3,6-diazabicyclo[3.2.0]-heptane alpha4beta2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor selective agonist: synthesis, analgesic efficacy and tolerability profile in animal models. | 5-[(1r,5s)-3,6-diazabicyclo[3.2.0]heptan-6-yl]nicotinonitrile (a-366833) is a novel nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nachr) ligand that binds to the agonist-binding site ([3h]-cytisine) with ki value of 3.1 nm and exhibits agonist selectivity at alpha4beta2 nachr relative to the alpha3beta4 nachr subtype. the analgesic effects of a-366833 were examined across a variety of animal models including the mouse model of writhing pain (abdominal constriction), the rat models of acute thermal (hot box) ... | 2007 | 17854775 |
| interferon discovery and ferret flu. jean lindenmann interviewed by alison abbott. | 2007 | 17851484 | |
| conservation biology and the black-footed ferret. ulysses s. seal, e. tom thorne, michael a. bogan, and stanley h. anderson, eds. yale university press, new haven, ct, 1989. xviii, 302 pp., illus. $40. | 1990 | 17843324 | |
| the life-maintaining effect of crystalline progesterone in adrenalectomized ferrets. | 1938 | 17811466 | |
| distemper immunization of ferrets by nebulization with egg adapted virus. | 1954 | 17797265 | |
| distemperoid virus interference in canine distemper. | a distemper virus modified by ferret passage so as to become a harmless vaccine for foxes and dogs exhibits the interference or cell-blockade phenomenon with respect to a virulent distemper infection in foxes. ten control foxes receiving virulent distemper virus died, while 30 foxes receiving distemperoid virus in addition lived. | 1946 | 17777683 |
| the american ferret. | 1885 | 17772108 | |
| outbreak of mycobacterium bovis infection in a wild animal park. | an outbreak of tuberculosis due to mycobacterium bovis occurred in a wild animal park. three pot-bellied pigs (sus scrofa vittatus), one red deer (cervus elaphus), one buffalo (bison bonasus) and two european lynxes (lynx lynx) were affected and showed clinical signs including weight loss, enlarged lymph nodes and paralysis of the hindlimbs. postmortem examinations revealed multifocal granulomatous lesions in various organs, including the lymph nodes, lungs, intestines, kidneys and the central n ... | 2007 | 17766809 |
| clinical neurology of ferrets. | neurology represents an important specialty within ferret clinical medicine. veterinarians should become familiar with the unique anatomic and physiologic differences between ferrets to improve their management of theses cases. in addition, veterinarians should use available diagnostic tests to confirm the presence of neurologic diseases. recent advances in ferret medicine and veterinary neurology offer new capabilities to investigate and treat neurological disease in ferrets. | 2007 | 17765847 |
| cochlear ablation in adult ferrets results in changes in insulin-like growth factor-1 and synaptophysin immunostaining in the cochlear nucleus. | afferent activity modulates synaptic plasticity as well as the levels of activity-dependent molecules such as growth factors. disruption of this activity due to deafferentation has been shown to result in an altered trophic support and consequently in changes in neuronal excitability and synaptic transmission. in the present study, to test whether lack of cochlear integrity results in changes in insulin-growth factor-1 (igf-1) and synaptophysin immunostaining in the cochlear nucleus, the first r ... | 2007 | 17764853 |
| british ferrets to hungry. | 1991 | 17749900 |