Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| cloning of a genetically unstable cytochrome p-450 gene cluster involved in degradation of the pollutant ethyl tert-butyl ether by rhodococcus ruber. | rhodococcus ruber (formerly gordonia terrae) ifp 2001 is one of a few bacterial strains able to degrade ethyl tert-butyl ether (etbe), which is a major pollutant from gasoline. this strain was found to undergo a spontaneous 14.3-kbp chromosomal deletion, which results in the loss of the ability to degrade etbe. sequence analysis of the region corresponding to the deletion revealed the presence of a gene cluster, ethabcd, encoding a ferredoxin reductase, a cytochrome p-450, a ferredoxin, and a 10 ... | 2001 | 11673424 |
| haloalkane hydrolysis with an immobilized haloalkane dehalogenase. | haloalkane dehalogenase from rhodococcus rhodochrous was covalently immobilized onto a polyethyleneimine impregnated gamma-alumina support. the dehalogenating enzyme was found to retain greater than 40% of its original activity after immobilization, displaying an optimal loading (max. activity/supported protein) of 70 to 75 mg/g with an apparent maximum (max. protein/support) of 156 mg/g. the substrate, 1,2,3-trichloropropane, was found to favorably partition (adsorb) onto the inorganic alumina ... | 2001 | 11668441 |
| characterization of rhodococcus opacus r7, a strain able to degrade naphthalene and o-xylene isolated from a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-contaminated soil. | rhodococcus opacus r7 was isolated from a soil contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons for its ability to grow on naphthalene. the strain was also able to degrade o-xylene, the isomer of xylenes most recalcitrant to microbial degradation. the catabolic pathways for naphthalene and o-xylene were investigated by identification of metabolites in r. opacus r7 cultures performed with the two hydrocarbons and by evaluation of some enzymes involved in the metabolism of these compounds. 1,2-d ... | 2001 | 11605984 |
| [extracellular metabolites of hydrocarbon-oxidizing bacteria as a substrate for sulfate reduction]. | the relationship between bacterial oxidation of hydrocarbons and sulfate reduction was studied in the experimental system with liquid paraffin was used as a source of organic compounds inoculated with silt taken from a reservoir. pseudomonads dominated in the hydrocarbon-oxidizing silt bacteriocenosis. however, rhodococcus and arthrobacteria amounted to not more than 3%. arthrobacteria dominated the microbial association formed in the paraffin film of the model system. sulfate-reducing bacteria ... | 2001 | 11605466 |
| [biodegradation of oil products by degrader strains and their associations in liquid media]. | the degrading activities of selected bacterial strains and their associations directed towards fuel oil and diesel fuel in liquid media were studied. two-member associations composed preferably by rhodococcus and pseudomonas strains demonstrated the highest degrading efficiencies. no enhancement was achieved when the number of association members was increased to three, four, or five strains. the population stability of any member strain was found to depend on the association composition. | 2001 | 11605465 |
| high-density sampling of a bacterial operon using mrna differential display. | we have implemented a simplified high throughput approach to differential display in order to identify transcriptionally regulated genes in bacteria. in contrast with the few previous applications of differential display to prokaryotes, we use a large number of primers which allows for a high-density sampling of the mrna population and the identification of many differentially amplified dna fragments. from the overlap of these short sequences, long contiguous sequences that encode several genes ... | 2001 | 11595177 |
| [utility of prolonged incubation and terminal subcultures of blood cultures from immunocompromised patients]. | the value of blind terminal subcultures (7 and 30 days) and prolonged incubation (30 days) of blood cultures from immunosuppressed patients was analyzed in the fundación favaloro, the fundación para la lucha contra las enfermedades neurológicas de la infancia and the hospital de niños ricardo gutiérrez. a total of 2707 blood cultures and 369 patients were included (transplantation of solid organs 154, oncohematologic disorders 106 and solid tumors 109). bact-alert bottles were incubated at 35 de ... | 2001 | 11594009 |
| cloning and characterization of a gene cluster for cyclododecanone oxidation in rhodococcus ruber sc1. | biological oxidation of cyclic ketones normally results in formation of the corresponding dicarboxylic acids, which are further metabolized in the cell. rhodococcus ruber strain sc1 was isolated from an industrial wastewater bioreactor that was able to utilize cyclododecanone as the sole carbon source. a reverse genetic approach was used to isolate a 10-kb gene cluster containing all genes required for oxidative conversion of cyclododecanone to 1,12-dodecanedioic acid (ddda). the genes required ... | 2001 | 11591693 |
| [acid-resistant microorganisms: mycobacteria, nocardia, rhodococci, chemical composition, biological properties, antigenic structure]. | 2001 | 11588969 | |
| bioremediation of oil polluted aquatic systems and soils with novel preparation 'rhoder'. | this paper summarises the experience accumulated during the field application of biopreparation 'rhoder' (solely or in a combination with preliminary mechanical collection of free oil) for remediation of oil polluted aquatic systems and soils in the moscow region and western siberia during 1994-1999. it was demonstrated that 'rhoder' had a very high efficiency (>99%) for bioremediation of the open aquatic surfaces (100 m2 bay of the river chernaya, two 5,000 m2 lakes in vyngayakha) at initial le ... | 2000 | 11587442 |
| prevalence of virulent rhodococcus equi in isolates from soil collected from two horse farms in south africa and restriction fragment length polymorphisms of virulence plasmids in the isolates from infected foals, a dog and a monkey. | the prevalence of virulent rhodococcus equi in soil isolates from two horse farms in south africa and nine clinical isolates from six foals, a foal foetus, a dog, and a monkey was investigated. the isolates were tested for the presence of virulence plasmid dna and 15- to 17-kda antigens by immunoblotting. rhodococcus equi was isolated from almost all of the soil samples obtained from the two farms with 5.0 x 10(1) to 3.3 x 10(4) colony forming units per gram of soil. virulent r. equi was isolate ... | 2001 | 11585087 |
| multiplicity of aromatic ring hydroxylation dioxygenase genes in a strong pcb degrader, rhodococcus sp. strain rha1 demonstrated by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. | to address the multiplicity of aromatic ring hydroxylation dioxygenases, we used pcr amplification and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge). the amplified dna fragments separated into five bands, a to e. southern hybridization analysis of rha1 total dna using the probes for each band showed that band c originated from a couple of homologous genes. the nucleotide sequences of the bands showed that bands a, c, and e would be parts of new dioxygenase genes in rha1. that of band b agreed w ... | 2001 | 11577742 |
| evaluation of e test, disk diffusion and broth microdilution to establish tentative quality control limits and review susceptibility breakpoints for two aerobic actinomycetes. | a single laboratory study was carried out to compare e test with broth microdilution and disk diffusion to establish tentative quality control ranges for nocardia asteroides atcc 19247 and rhodococcus equi atcc 6939 against a panel of eight antimicrobial agents. reproducibility testing was performed on 12 consecutive days to establish tentative quality control ranges. a total of 36 clinical strains of the nocardia asteroides complex and 5 rhodococcus strains were used in the study. both candidat ... | 2001 | 11576791 |
| physical and metabolic interactions of pseudomonas sp. strain ja5-b45 and rhodococcus sp. strain f9-d79 during growth on crude oil and effect of a chemical surfactant on them. | methods to enhance crude oil biodegradation by mixed bacterial cultures, for example, (bio)surfactant addition, are complicated by the diversity of microbial populations within a given culture. the physical and metabolic interactions between rhodococcus sp. strain f9-d79 and pseudomonas sp. strain ja5-b45 were examined during growth on bow river crude oil. the effects of a nonionic chemical surfactant, igepal co-630 (nonylphenol ethoxylate), also were evaluated. strain f9-d79 grew attached to th ... | 2001 | 11571196 |
| purification and properties of p-hydroxybenzoate hydroxylases from rhodococcus strains. | gram-positive bacteria of the genus rhodococcus catabolize p-hydroxybenzoate (phb) through the initial formation of 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate. high levels of p-hydroxybenzoate hydroxylase (phbh) activity are induced in six different rhodococcus species when these strains are grown on phb as sole carbon source. the phbh enzymes were purified to apparent homogeneity and appeared to be homodimers of about 95 kd with each subunit containing a relatively weakly bound fad. in contrast to their counterpart ... | 2001 | 11566060 |
| a new type of muconate cycloisomerase from rhodococcus rhodochrous strain 89. | muconate cycloisomerase (mci) was purified from rhodococcus rhodochrous 89 grown on phenol. the enzyme appears to contain two different type subunits with molecular masses 35.5 and 37 kd. the n-terminal amino acid sequence of both subunits showed more similarity to corresponding enzymes from gram-negative bacteria than to one from rhodococcus opacus 1cp. mci from r. rhodochrous 89, like analogous enzymes from gram-negative bacteria, can convert 2-chloromuconate (2-cm) with the formation of both, ... | 2001 | 11563954 |
| application of radiolabeled tracers to biocatalytic flux analysis. | radiolabeled tracers can provide valuable information about the structure of and flux distributions in biocatalytic reaction networks. this method derives from prior studies of glucose metabolism in mammalian systems and is implemented by pulsing a culture with a radiolabeled metabolite that can be transported into the cells and subsequently measuring the radioactivity of all network metabolites following separation by liquid chromatography. intracellular fluxes can be directly determined from t ... | 2001 | 11559364 |
| use of computerised tomography to diagnose a rhodococcus equi mediastinal abscess causing severe respiratory distress in a foal. | 2001 | 11558751 | |
| [microbiota of the orchid rhizoplane]. | six bacterial strains isolated from the underground roots of the terrestrial orchid calanthe vestita var. rubrooculata were found to belong to the genera arthrobacter, bacillus, mycobacterium, and pseudomonas. strains isolated from the aerial roots of the epiphytic orchid dendrobium moschatum were classified into the genera bacillus, curtobacterium, flavobacterium, nocardia, pseudomonas, rhodococcus, and xanthomonas. the rhizoplane of the terrestrial orchid was also populated by cyanobacteria of ... | 2001 | 11558285 |
| [detection of arcanobacterium haemolyticum phospholipase d neutralizing antibodies in patients with acute tonsillitis]. | neutralization test carried on a non-nutrient blood agar prepared from sheep erythrocytes sensibilized with equi factor of rhodococcus equi was used for the detection of antibodies against phospholipase d (pld) of arcanobacterium haemolyticum. altogether, 433 sera from 404 patients aged 1 to 25 years with the signs of acute tonsillitis were examined. antibodies against pld were found in 28 patients (6.9%). in 116 sera from persons without the signs of tonsillitis the antibodies against pld were ... | 2001 | 11550418 |
| transformation of 2,2'-dichlorodiisopropyl ether in mixed and pure culture. | an aerobic enrichment culture derived from a groundwater contaminated with organic and chloroorganic compounds was adapted to the transformation of 2,2'-dichlorodiisopropyl ether (dde) in a continuous fixed-bed bioreactor. continuous dde removal efficiencies over 90% were achieved with a model water containing 3.3 mm methanol as co-substrate at dde loading rates of up to 150 micromol l(-1) day(-1) with a hydraulic retention time of 24 h. in batch cultures, a stoichiometric release of 2 micromol ... | 2001 | 11549025 |
| biological production of optically active muconolactones by rhodococcus rhodochrous. | optically active (-)-3-methylmuconolactone was biologically produced using a mutant strain of rhodococcus rhodochrous n75 that is capable of metabolizing 4-methylcatechol via a modified ortho-cleavage pathway. the mutant strain (cj30) was prepared by mutagenesis using n-methyl-n'-nitro-n-nitrosoguanidine and found to be blocked in the degradation of 3-methyl-muconolactone. cells of the mutant cj30, which had been previously grown on yeast extract and induced with p-toluate, transformed p-toluate ... | 2001 | 11549019 |
| 19f nmr metabolomics for the elucidation of microbial degradation pathways of fluorophenols. | of all nmr-observable isotopes 19f is the one most convenient for studies on the biodegradation of environmental pollutants and especially for fast initial metabolic screening of newly isolated organisms. in the past decade we have identified the 19f nmr characteristics of many fluorinated intermediates in the microbial degradation of fluoroaromatics including especially fluorophenols. in the present paper we give an overview of results obtained for the initial steps in the aerobic microbial deg ... | 2001 | 11548746 |
| characterization of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria isolated from polluted soils and containing 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase. | fifteen bacterial strains containing 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (acc) deaminase were isolated from the rhizoplane of pea (pisum sativum l.) and indian mustard (brassica juncea l.) grown in different soils and a long-standing sewage sludge contaminated with heavy metals. the isolated strains were characterized and assigned to various genera and species, such as pseudomonas brassicacearum, pseudomonas marginalis, pseudomonas oryzihabitans, pseudomonas putida, pseudomonas sp., alcaligenes xy ... | 2001 | 11547884 |
| evidence for interfacial uptake in hexadecane degradation by rhodococcus equi: the importance of cell flocculation. | the kinetics of hexadecane degradation were studied in four strains of rhodococcus equi that did not produce biosurfactants. the aim was to analyse the characteristics of alkane uptake and their relevance to a mechanism of interfacial uptake. the kinetic studies involved continuous determination of degradation by electrolytic respirometry in a diphasic system where the hydrophobic phase was hexadecane or a solution of hexadecane in a non-toxic, non-biodegradable solvent, either 2,2,4,4,6,8,8-hep ... | 2001 | 11535793 |
| construction of rhodococcus random mutagenesis libraries using tn5 transposition complexes. | the ability to generate tagged mutants of rhodococcus spp. will facilitate a deeper understanding of this medically and commercially important genus. the absence of efficient transposon systems in these organisms has here been overcome by the use of tn5-based dna-protein transposition complexes which can transpose at high efficiency. to achieve this, electroporation efficiencies and antibiotic selection were optimized. a rhodococcus rhodochrous cw25 tn5 insertion library of 1500 mutants was crea ... | 2001 | 11535792 |
| a novel gene encoding a 54 kda polypeptide is essential for butane utilization by pseudomonas sp. imt37. | twenty-three propane- and butane-utilizing bacteria were isolated from soil samples collected from oilfields. three of them have been identified as rhodococcus sp. imt35, pseudomonas sp. imt37 and pseudomonas sp. mt40. sds-page analysis of the membrane of rhodococcus sp. imt35 revealed the presence of at least four polypeptides induced by propane. polyclonal antibody raised against a 58 kda polypeptide from rhodococcus sp. imt35 specifically detected bacteria which were actively utilizing propan ... | 2001 | 11535788 |
| [study of the stability association of oil-degrading microorganisms in an open system]. | investigation of the stability of an association of active hydrocarbon-oxidizing microorganisms grown on diesel fuel showed that not all members of the association were competitive in an open flow system. the abundance of some strains considerably decreased during cultivation. one of the strain groups had consistently high cell titers, both in the medium and on a support. this prompts the authors to use these strains as degraders of diesel fuel. | 2001 | 11530663 |
| a unique phosphatidylinositol bearing a novel branched-chain fatty acid from rhodococcus equi binds to influenza virus hemagglutinin and inhibits the infection of cells. | from the aquatic bacterium rhodococcus equi strain s(420), we isolated a substance that strongly binds to influenza viruses. structural analyses revealed that it is a unique type of phosphatidylinositol (ptdins) bearing a branched-chain fatty acid (14-methyloctadecanoic acid). in a tlc/virus-binding immunostaining assay, this ptdins bound to all subtypes of hemagglutinin (ha) of influenza a viruses tested, isolated from humans, ducks and swine, and also to human influenza b viruses. furthermore, ... | 2001 | 11530013 |
| isolation and characterisation of rhodococcus erythropolis ta57 able to degrade the triazine amine product from hydrolysis of sulfonylurea pesticides in soils. | we isolated a bacterium capable of metabolising a methylated and methoxylated s-triazine ring as the only nitrogen source. on a weight basis, the s-triazine, commonly named triazine amine (tam), constitutes approx. half of several sulfonylurea herbicides and is formed after hydrolysis of these herbicides. the isolate, strain ta57 was identified using multi-phasic taxonomy as a gram-positive rhodococcus erythropolis. strain ta57 mineralised over 50% 14c-labelled tam within 4 days in growing cultu ... | 2001 | 11518330 |
| heterobactins: a new class of siderophores from rhodococcus erythropolis igts8 containing both hydroxamate and catecholate donor groups. | we report here on a new class of siderophores isolated from rhodococcus erythropolis igts8, the first structurally characterized from any species of rhodococcus and for which we suggest the name heterobactins. these siderophores consist of a tripeptide of sequence (n-oh)-l-orn-gly-d-orn-(delta-n-dihydroyxbenzoate). the alpha amino group of the d-orn is derivatized either as a 2-hydroxybenzoxazolate in heterobactin a or remains free in heterobactin b. the structures were determined by a combinati ... | 2001 | 11508844 |
| two new variants of the rhodococcus equi virulence plasmid, 90 kb type iii and type iv, recovered from a foal in japan. | this report describes the discovery of two new virulence plasmid types from a crossbred foal with rhodococcus equi pneumonia in kumamoto died with severe r. equi pneumonia and ulcerative enteritis. r. equi was isolated in large numbers and isolates from the foal were investigated for the presence of virulence-associated 15-17 kda antigens (vapa) by colony blotting, using the monoclonal antibody 10g5, and by gene coding for vapa by pcr. plasmid dnas extracted from the isolates were digested with ... | 2001 | 11506930 |
| polychlorinated biphenyl degradation activities and hybridization analyses of fifteen aerobic strains isolated from a pcb-contaminated site. | fifteen bacterial strains using biphenyl as sole carbon and energy source, obtained from different positions and depths of a polychlorinated biphenyl (pcb)-contaminated area, were analyzed for their basic metabolic phenotypes and subjected to genomic dna hybridization screening for the presence of well characterized bph operons such as those of pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes kf707 and rhodococcus globerulus p6. most of the isolates belonged to the gamma-subdivision (pseudomonas stutzeri, p. pluti ... | 2001 | 11501677 |
| microbial desulfurization of alkylated dibenzothiophene and alkylated benzothiophene by recombinant rhodococcus sp. strain t09. | the dibenzothiophene (dbt) desulfurizing operon, dsz, was introduced into various benzothiophene (bt)-desulfurizing bacteria using a rhodococcus-e. coli shuttle vector. of the tested recombinant bacteria, only those from rhodococcus sp. strain t09 grew with both dbt and bt as the sole sulfur source. these recombinant cells desulfurized not only alkylated bts, but also various alkylated dbts, producing alkylated hydroxybiphenyls as the desulfurized products. recombinant strain t09 also desulfuriz ... | 2001 | 11499930 |
| evaluation of equine immunoglobulin specific for rhodococcus equi virulence-associated proteins a and c for use in protecting foals against rhodococcus equi-induced pneumonia. | to determine whether purified equine immunoglobulin specific for rhodococcus equi virulence-associated proteins a and c (vapa and vapc) can confer passive protection against r. equi-induced pneumonia in foals. | 2001 | 11497456 |
| microbial reduction of alpha-chloroketone to alpha-chlorohydrin. | microbial reduction of alpha-chloroketone to alpha-chlorohydrin was studied as one of the approaches for construction of the chiral center of the corresponding epoxide. about 100 microorganisms covering many species of candida, pichia, hansenula, geotrichum, rhodococcus and aureobasidium were screened to reduce the alpha-chloroketone stereospecifically. many strains provided the r-alpha-chlorohydrin with 100% enantiomeric excess (ee), e.g., candida sonorensis sc 16117, geotrichum candidum sc 546 ... | 2001 | 11494099 |
| rhodococcus sp. rb1 grows in the presence of high nitrate and nitrite concentrations and assimilates nitrate in moderately saline environments. | rhodococcus sp. rb1 was able to thrive in media with up to 0.9 m nacl or kcl and in the presence of high concentrations of nitrate (up to 0.9 m) and nitrite (up to 60 mm), but only under oxic conditions. an adaptation period was not required for salt tolerance, but a rapid extrusion of k+ and intake of na+ was observed after addition of 0.5 m nacl. nitrate assimilation was limited by the carbon supply, but nitrite was not accumulated in the culture medium, even at nitrate concentrations as high ... | 2001 | 11491084 |
| biodegradation and conversion of alkanes and crude oil by a marine rhodococcus sp. | a hydrocarbon degrader isolated from a chronically oil-polluted marine site was identified as rhodococcus sp. on the basis of morphology, fatty acid methyl ester pattern, cell wall analysis, biochemical tests and g + c content of dna. it degraded up to 50% of the aliphatic fraction of assam crude oil, in seawater supplemented with 35 mm nitrogen as urea and 0.1 mm phosphorus as dipotassium hydrogen orthophosphate, after 72 h at 30 degrees c and 150 revolutions per minute. the relative percentage ... | 2000 | 11487058 |
| novel amidohydrolytic reactions in oxidative pyrimidine metabolism: analysis of the barbiturase reaction and discovery of a novel enzyme, ureidomalonase. | amidohydrolytic reactions in oxidative pyrimidine metabolism were investigated in detail. barbiturase has been reported to catalyze the amidohydrolysis of barbituric acid to urea and malonic acid. however, purification of the enzyme revealed that it catalyzes the ring-opening of barbituric acid to ureidomalonic acid. the existence of a consecutive enzyme named ureidomalonase, which hydrolyzes ureidomalonic acid to urea and malonic acid, was also discovered during the purification of barbiturase. | 2001 | 11485332 |
| new inhibitors of iron-containing nitrile hydratases. | there is growing evidence in the literature emphasizing the significance of the post-translational modification of cysteine thiols to sulfenic acids (soh), which have been found in a number of proteins. crystallographic and mass spectrometric evidence has shown the presence of this group in an inactive form of the industrially important enzyme nitrile hydratase (nhase). this oxidized cysteine is unique in that it forms part of the coordination sphere of the low-spin iron iii at the active site o ... | 2001 | 11481039 |
| role of t cells in granuloma formation induced by rhodococcus aurantiacus is independent of their interferon-gamma production. | intravenous injection of rhodococcus aurantiacus into mice causes granulomatous inflammation dependent on endogenous interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma). this study investigated the mechanism of granuloma formation with an adoptive transfer system in ifn-gamma knockout (ifn-gamma(-/-)) mice. ifn-gamma(-/-) mice infected with r. aurantiacus did not develop granulomas, and high titres of endogenous interleukin-10 (il-10) were detected in spleen extracts at 2 weeks after infection. the adoptive transfer o ... | 2001 | 11478672 |
| factors affecting mass transfer limited biodegradation in saturated porous media. | microbial degradation rates in the subsurface are not only limited by the physiological capacity of the organisms, but also by inefficient supply of nutrients to the microbes. although mass transfer limitation of biodegradation in the subsurface has been postulated for years, experimental evidence is still scarce. in the column experiments described here, diffusive transport of 4-nitroanisole from the bulk solution to cells of rhodococcus opacus strain as2 immobilized on glass beads or sand appe ... | 2001 | 11475163 |
| characterization of mutations in the rpob gene associated with rifampin resistance in rhodococcus equi isolated from foals. | treatment with a combination of erythromycin and rifampin has considerably improved survival rates of foals and immunocompromised patients suffering from severe pneumonia caused by rhodococcus equi. frequently, because of monotherapy, emergence of rifampin-resistant strains has been responsible for treatment failure. using consensus oligonucleotides, we have amplified and sequenced the rifampin resistance (rif(r))-determining regions of 12 rifampin-resistant r. equi strains isolated from three f ... | 2001 | 11473992 |
| methane oxidation and the competition for oxygen in the rice rhizosphere. | a mechanistic approach is presented to describe oxidation of the greenhouse gas methane in the rice rhizosphere of flooded paddies by obligate methanotrophic bacteria. in flooded rice paddies these methanotrophs compete for available o(2) with other types of bacteria. soil incubation studies and most-probable-number (mpn) counts of oxygen consumers show that microbial oxygen consumption rates were dominated by heterotrophic and methanotrophic respiration. mpn counts of methanotrophs showed large ... | 2001 | 11472935 |
| molecular cloning, nucleotide sequence, and expression of genes encoding a polycyclic aromatic ring dioxygenase from mycobacterium sp. strain pyr-1. | mycobacterium sp. strain pyr-1 degrades high-molecular-weight polycyclic hydrocarbons (pahs) primarily through the introduction of both atoms of molecular oxygen by a dioxygenase. to clone the dioxygenase genes involved in pah degradation, two-dimensional (2d) gel electrophoresis of pah-induced proteins from cultures of mycobacterium sp. strain pyr-1 was used to detect proteins that increased after phenanthrene, dibenzothiophene, and pyrene exposure. comparison of proteins from induced and unind ... | 2001 | 11472934 |
| characterization of is666, a newly described insertion element of mycobacterium avium. | the insertion sequence is666 was isolated from mycobacterium avium strain 101. is666 is a 1474 bp insertion sequence belonging to the is256 family, that includes is6120 from mycobacterium smegmatis, is1166 and is1295 from rhodococcus sp. igts8, ist2 from thiobacillus ferrooxidans, is256 from staphylococcus aureus, and isrm3 from rhizobium meliloti. is666 has 24 bp imperfect inverted repeats that fit the consensus described for the family, and generates 9 bp duplications upon insertion into the h ... | 2000 | 11471832 |
| identification and mutagenesis by allelic exchange of choe, encoding a cholesterol oxidase from the intracellular pathogen rhodococcus equi. | the virulence mechanisms of the facultative intracellular parasite rhodococcus equi remain largely unknown. among the candidate virulence factors of this pathogenic actinomycete is a secreted cholesterol oxidase, a putative membrane-damaging toxin. we identified and characterized the gene encoding this enzyme, the choe monocistron. its protein product, choe, is homologous to other secreted cholesterol oxidases identified in brevibacterium sterolicum and streptomyces spp. choe also exhibits signi ... | 2001 | 11466283 |
| a synthetic analogue of the active site of fe-containing nitrile hydratase with carboxamido n and thiolato s as donors: synthesis, structure, and reactivities. | as part of our work on models of the iron(iii) site of fe-containing nitrile hydratase, a designed ligand pypsh(4) with two carboxamide and two thiolate donor groups has been synthesized. reaction of (et(4)n)[fecl(4)] with the deprotonated form of the ligand in dmf affords the mononuclear iron(iii) complex (et(4)n)[fe(iii)(pyps)] (1) in high yield. the iron(iii) center is in a trigonal bipyramidal geometry with two deprotonated carboxamido nitrogens, one pyridine nitrogen, and two thiolato sulfu ... | 2001 | 11457060 |
| [degradation of machine oil by nocardiform bacteria]. | gas liquid chromatography (glc) was used for the first time to screen for machine oil-degrading microorganisms. oil degradation was evaluated from the microorganism respiratory activity during the utilization of oil as the sole carbon and energy source. the results are consistent with those obtained by the conventional weighing method. substrate specificity of the active strains with respect to different machine oils was studied. bacterial communities exhibited the highest activity, whereas a rh ... | 2001 | 11450453 |
| [effect of butyric acid on physiologic activity of carbohydrate-oxidizing rhodococci]. | laboratory experiments showed that butyric acid not only fails to meet the trophic requirements of hydrocarbon-oxidizing microorganisms, but even specifically inhibits their assimilatory and dissimilatory activity. therefore, butyric acid can be referred to as growth inhibitors. the combined mineralization of carbohydrates and hydrocarbons can be described as follows. plants polymers are converted to monosugars by heterotrophic soil microorganisms. as the concentration of the monosugars grows an ... | 2001 | 11450452 |
| induction of vap genes encoded by the virulence plasmid of rhodococcus equi during acid tolerance response. | the response of the intracellular pathogen rhodococcus equi to acid shock, a stress potentially encountered after phagocytosis by macrophages, was analyzed. the wild-type and its avirulent plasmid-cured strain acquired increased acid tolerance during the exponential growth phase upon exposure to sublethal acid stress, a response referred to as the acid tolerance response. maximal adaptation was observed when cells were pretreated for 90 min at ph 5.0 before exposure to the ph challenge. search f ... | 2001 | 11446512 |
| [the respiratory activity of rhodococcus rhodochrous m8 cells producing nitrile-hydrolyzing enzymes]. | the respiratory activity of rhodococcus rhodochrous m8 cells containing nitrile hydratase and amidase was studied in the presence of nitriles and amides of carbonic acids. culturing of cells with acrylonitrile and acrylamide yielding their maximum respiratory activity was studied. the optimum conditions for measurements and maintenance of respiratory activity were found. curves for the linear concentration dependence of cell respiratory activity on 0.01-0.5 mm acrylonitrile, 0.025-1.0 mm acetoni ... | 2001 | 11443902 |
| mössbauer and epr studies of the photoactivation of nitrile hydratase. | the alphabeta dimer of active nitrile hydratase from rhodococcus sp. r312 contains one low-spin ferric ion that is coordinated by three cys residues, two n-amide groups from the protein backbone, and one oh(-). the enzyme isolated from bacteria grown in the dark is inactive and contains the iron site as a six-coordinate diamagnetic fe-nitrosyl complex, called nh(dark). the active state can be obtained from the dark state by photolysis of the fe-no bond at room temperature. activation is accompan ... | 2001 | 11434767 |
| an industrial application of multiparameter flow cytometry: assessment of cell physiological state and its application to the study of microbial fermentations. | when using traditional microbiological techniques to monitor cell proliferation and viability, stressed, sublethally injured, or otherwise "viable but nonculturable" cells often go undetected. because of this, such cells often are not considered by mathematical models used to predict bioprocess performance on scale-up and inaccuracies result. therefore, analytical techniques, decoupled from postsampling growth, are desirable to rapidly monitor individual cell physiologic states during microbial ... | 2001 | 11429768 |
| regioselective biotransformation of the dinitrile compounds 2-, 3- and 4-(cyanomethyl) benzonitrile by the soil bacterium rhodococcus rhodochrous ll100-21. | the cyanomethyl benzonitrile compounds used for this study contain two cyano groups: a -ch(2)cn side chain, plus a cyano group attached to the benzene ring. the ortho, meta and para -ch(2)cn substituted compounds were biotransformed using whole cell suspensions of the bacterium rhodococcus rhodochrous ll100-21. the bacterium had previously been grown on the mono-nitrile compounds propionitrile, benzonitrile or acetonitrile, inducing the formation of nitrile hydrolyzing enzymes.suspensions of r. ... | 2001 | 11427231 |
| [respiratory infections during chemotherapy-induced aplasia]. | damage to local and systemic host defenses of the lung makes the immunocompromised patient vulnerable to inhaled microorganisms. when a pulmonary infiltrate occurs, the array of possibilities is very large including conventional and opportunistic agents. the type of underlying disease and its associated immunodeficiency allow a high degree of accurate pathogen prediction. neutropenia is associated with gram-negative bacilli pneumonia. prolonged neutropenia increases the risk of invasive aspergil ... | 2001 | 11424709 |
| insights into the genetic diversity of initial dioxygenases from pah-degrading bacteria. | alpha subunit genes of initial polyaromatic hydrocarbon (pah) dioxygenases were used as targets for the pcr detection of pah-degrading strains of the genera pseudomonas, comamonas and rhodococcus which were obtained from activated sludge or soil samples. sequence analysis of pcr products from several pseudomonas strains showed that alpha subunits (nahac allele) of this genus are highly conserved. pcr primers for the specific detection of alpha subunit genes of initial pah dioxygenases from pseud ... | 2001 | 11414329 |
| high cell density cultivation of rhodococcus opacus for lipid production at a pilot-plant scale. | the triacylglycerol (tag)-accumulating bacterium rhodococcus opacus strain pd630 was investigated with respect to the fermentative production of tags consisting of an unusually high fraction of fatty acids with an odd-number of carbon atoms and unsaturated monoenic fatty acids from sugar beet molasses and sucrose. fed-batch fermentations were optimized at the 30-1 scale in a stirred tank bioreactor at 30 degrees c using a mineral salts medium, which contained sugar beet molasses and sucrose as s ... | 2001 | 11414319 |
| recovery of rhodococcus biosurfactants using methyl tertiary-butyl ether extraction. | in the present study, we proposed methyl tertiary-butyl ether (mtbe) as a solvent for extraction of biosurfactants from rhodococcus bacterial cultures. after comparison with other well known solvent systems used for biosurfactant extraction, it was found that mtbe was able to extract crude surfactant material with high product recovery (10 g/l), efficiency (critical micelle concentration (cmc), 130-170 mg/l) and good functional surfactant characteristics (surface and interfacial tensions, 29 and ... | 2001 | 11412925 |
| enzymes of a new modified ortho-pathway utilizing 2-chlorophenol in rhodococcus opacus 1cp. | chlorocatechol 1,2-dioxygenase (cc 1,2-do), chloromuconate cycloisomerase (cmci), chloromuconolactone isomerase (cmli), and dienolactone hydrolase (delh), the key enzymes of a new modified ortho-pathway in rhodococcus opacus 1cp cells utilizing 2-chlorophenol via a 3-chlorocatechol branch of a modified ortho-pathway, were isolated and characterized. cc 1,2-do showed the maximum activity with 3-chlorocatechol; its activity with catechol and 4-chlorocatechol was 93 and 50%, respectively. the enzym ... | 2001 | 11405892 |
| characterization of facultative oligotrophic bacteria from polar seas by analysis of their fatty acids and 16s rdna sequences. | one hundred and seventy three bacterial strains, isolated previously after enrichment under oligotrophic, psychrophylic conditions from arctic (98 strains) and antarctic seawater (75 strains), were characterized by gas-liquid chromatographic analysis of their fatty acid compositions. by numerical analysis, 8 clusters, containing 2 to 59 strains, could be delineated, and 8 strains formed separate branches. five clusters contained strains from both poles, two minor clusters were confined to arctic ... | 2001 | 11403404 |
| characterisation of rhodococcus equi strains isolated from foals and from immunocompromised human patients. | the cultural, morphological, biochemical, serological characteristics and antibiotic susceptibility of 25 rhodococcus equi strains isolated from lungs and lung abscesses of pneumonic foals and 5 r. equi strains isolated from immuno-compromised human patients were examined. all r. equi strains showed common cultural, morphological and biochemical characteristics both with conventional tests and on the basis of their enzyme profile. the r. equi strains examined were resistant to penicillins with t ... | 2000 | 11402708 |
| crystal structure of 2-hydroxyl-6-oxo-6-phenylhexa-2,4-dienoic acid (hpda) hydrolase (bphd enzyme) from the rhodococcus sp. strain rha1 of the pcb degradation pathway. | 2-hydroxyl-6-oxo-6-phenylhexa-2,4-dienoic acid (hpda) hydrolase (the bphd enzyme) hydrolyzes a ring-cleavage product of an aromatic compound generated in a biphenyl/polychlorinated biphenyl (pcb) degradation pathway of bacteria. the crystal structure of the bphd enzyme has been determined at 2.4 a resolution by the multiple isomorphous replacement method. the final refined model of the bphd enzyme yields an r-factor of 17.5 % at 2.4 a resolution with reasonable geometry. the bphd enzyme is an oc ... | 2001 | 11399084 |
| in situ polychlorophenol bioremediation potential of the indigenous bacterial community of boreal groundwater. | the composition and chlorophenol-degrading potential of groundwater bacterial community in a permanently cold, oxygen-deficient chlorophenol contaminated aquifer at kärkölä, finland was studied with the aim of evaluating in situ bioremediation potential. the groundwater contained from 10(4) to 10(7) microscopically counted cells/ml and up to 10(5) cfu/ml heterotrophic bacteria cultivable at 8 and 20 degrees c. of the 102 pure cultures, of which 86% gram-negative, from the plume area (10,000 micr ... | 2001 | 11394785 |
| the diversity of extradiol dioxygenase (edo) genes in cresol degrading rhodococci from a creosote-contaminated site that express a wide range of degradative abilities. | analysis of the bacterial population of soil surface samples from a creosote-contaminated site showed that up to 50% of the culturable micro-organisms detected were able to utilise a mixture of cresols. from fifty different microbial isolates fourteen that could utilise more than one cresol isomer were selected and identified by 16s rrna analysis. eight isolates were rhodococcus strains and six were pseudomonas strains. in general, the rhodococcus strains exhibited a broader growth substrate ran ... | 2000 | 11386357 |
| genomic and phenomic differentiation of rhodococcus equi and related strains. | 16s rdna sequence and pyrolysis mass spectrometric analyses were carried out on representatives of rhodococcus equi and marker strains of genera that encompass mycolic acid containing actinomycetes. the r. equi strains formed a monophyletic clade within the evolutionary radiation occupied by members of the genera nocardia and rhodococcus. the 16s rdna sequence data also showed r. equi to be an heterogeneous taxon. this heterogeneity was underscored by the pyrolysis mass spectrometric data. these ... | 2000 | 11386356 |
| chromosome topology and genome size of selected actinomycetes species. | information about the genome organization of actinomycetes species is restricted to a few genera: corynebacterium, mycobacterium, rhodococcus, saccharopolyspora and streptomyces. streptomyces species and saccharopolyspora erythraea were shown to contain a single linear 8 mb chromosome. in contrast, the corynebacterium, mycobacterium and rhodococcus species studied were demonstrated to possess a smaller (3 mb-6.5 mb) single circular chromosome. to investigate whether linear chromosome topology an ... | 2000 | 11386344 |
| application of sartwell's model (lognormal distribution of incubation periods) to age at onset and age at death of foals with rhodococcus equi pneumonia as evidence of perinatal infection. | the distributions of the incubation periods for infectious and neoplastic diseases originating from point-source exposures, and for genetic diseases, follow a lognormal distribution (sartwell's model). conversely, incubation periods in propagated outbreaks and diseases with strong environmental components do not follow a lognormal distribution. in this study sartwell's model was applied to the age at onset and age at death of foals with rhodococcus equi pneumonia. the age at onset of clinical si ... | 2001 | 11380023 |
| is fatal rhodococcus equi pneumonia of foals only an infection acquired by the perinate? | 2001 | 11380022 | |
| biotransformation of d-limonene to (+) trans-carveol by toluene-grown rhodococcus opacus pwd4 cells. | the toluene-degrading strain rhodococcus opacus pwd4 was found to hydroxylate d-limonene exclusively in the 6-position, yielding enantiomerically pure (+) trans-carveol and traces of (+) carvone. this biotransformation was studied using cells cultivated in chemostat culture with toluene as a carbon and energy source. the maximal specific activity of (+) trans-carveol formation was 14.7 u (g of cells [dry weight])(-1), and the final yield was 94 to 97%. toluene was found to be a strong competitiv ... | 2001 | 11375201 |
| the sinorhizobium meliloti nutrient-deprivation-induced tyrosine degradation gene hmga is controlled by a novel member of the arsr family of regulatory genes. | the regulation of the nutrient-deprivation-induced sinorhizobium meliloti homogentisate dioxygenase (hmga) gene, involved in tyrosine degradation, was examined. hmga expression was found to be independent of the canonical nitrogen regulation (ntr) system. to identify regulators of hmga, secondary mutagenesis of an s. meliloti strain harboring a hmga-luxab reporter gene fusion (n4) was carried out using transposon tn1721. two independent tn1721 insertions were found to be located in a positive re ... | 2001 | 11375175 |
| complete denitration of nitroglycerin by bacteria isolated from a washwater soakaway. | four axenic bacterial species capable of biodegrading nitroglycerin (glycerol trinitrate [gtn]) were isolated from soil samples taken from a washwater soakaway at a disused gtn manufacturing plant. the isolates were identified by 16s rrna gene sequence homology as pseudomonas putida, an arthrobacter species, a klebsiella species, and a rhodococcus species. each of the isolates utilized gtn as its sole nitrogen source and removed nitro groups sequentially from gtn to produce glycerol dinitrates a ... | 2001 | 11375172 |
| cloning and expression of the benzoate dioxygenase genes from rhodococcus sp. strain 19070. | the bopxyz genes from the gram-positive bacterium rhodococcus sp. strain 19070 encode a broad-substrate-specific benzoate dioxygenase. expression of the bopxy terminal oxygenase enabled escherichia coli to convert benzoate or anthranilate (2-aminobenzoate) to a nonaromatic cis-diol or catechol, respectively. this expression system also rapidly transformed m-toluate (3-methylbenzoate) to an unidentified product. in contrast, 2-chlorobenzoate was not a good substrate. the bopxyz dioxygenase was ho ... | 2001 | 11375157 |
| dehalogenation, denitration, dehydroxylation, and angular attack on substituted biphenyls and related compounds by a biphenyl dioxygenase. | the attack by the bph-encoded biphenyl dioxygenase of burkholderia sp. strain lb400 on a number of symmetrical ortho-substituted biphenyls or quasi ortho-substituted biphenyl analogues has been investigated. 2,2'-difluoro-, 2,2'-dibromo-, 2,2'-dinitro-, and 2,2'-dihydroxybiphenyl were accepted as substrates. dioxygenation of all of these compounds showed a strong preference for the semisubstituted pair of vicinal ortho and meta carbons, leading to the formation of 2'-substituted 2,3-dihydroxybip ... | 2001 | 11371517 |
| [assimilation of propane and properties of propan monooxygenase from rhodococcus erythropolis 3/89]. | the ability of propane-assimilating microorganisms of the genus rhodococcus to utilize metabolites of the terminal and subterminal pathways of propane oxidation was studied. propane monooxygenase of rhodococcus erythropolis 3/89 was shown to be the an inducible enzyme catalyzing epoxidation and hydroxylation of organic compounds. the optimum conditions for epoxidation of gaseous and liquid alkenes and hydroxylation of aromatic carbohydrates were found. | 2001 | 11357423 |
| immunity to rhodococcus equi: antigen-specific recall responses in the lungs of adult horses. | rhodococcal pneumonia is an important disease of young horses that is not seen in immunocompetent adults. since all foals are normally exposed to rhodococcus equi in their environment, we hypothesized that most develop protective immune responses. furthermore, these antigen-specific responses were hypothesized to operate throughout adult life to prevent rhodococcal pneumonia. a better understanding of the mechanisms of immune clearance in adult horses would help define the requirements for an ef ... | 2001 | 11356253 |
| photo quiz. disseminated rhodocuccus equi infection. | 2001 | 11349643 | |
| influence of hexaconazole, carbofuran and ethion on soil microflora and dehydrogenase activities in soil and intact cell. | total microbial count was highly affected (up to 61% at 1000 micrograms level) in presence of hexaconazole and persisted up to 21 days. bacteria were more susceptible than actinomycetes. carbofuran and ethion were moderately toxic to soil microflora. inhibitory effects of all the three pesticides gradually decreased after 21 days as was evident by increase in total microbial count except in carbofuran. gdh activity in soil was also affected initially (up to 14 days) by all the three pesticides ( ... | 2001 | 11349536 |
| development of a rhodococcus recombinant strain for degradation of products from anaerobic dechlorination of pcbs. | the gram-positive bacterium rhodococcus sp. strain rha1, naturally containing the biphenyl pathway, was electroporated with a broad host range plasmid containing the 4-chlorobenzoate (4-cba) degradation operon (fcb) isolated from arthrobacter globiformis strain kzt1. the recombinant strain grew in medium containing 4-cba and 4-chlorobiphenyl (4-cb) as the only source of carbon, with stoichiometric release of chloride and a molar growth yield on 4-cb that suggested utilization of both biphenyl ri ... | 2001 | 11349275 |
| protective effect of nocardia opaca lysozyme digest in experimental murine candida albicans infections. | candida albicans, as an opportunistic pathogen, causes therapeutic problems in immunocompetent individuals and frequently it initiates severe infections in immunocompromised hosts. the application of a lysozyme digest preparation from the cell walls of nocardia opaca (nocardia lysozyme digest; nld), recently classified as rhodococcus opacus, has a protective effect in intravenous (i.v.) c. albicans infections in inbred icr mice which have normal complement production. it also significantly reduc ... | 2001 | 11346272 |
| long-term repeated biodesulfurization by immobilized rhodococcus erythropolis ka2-5-1 cells. | in this study, biodesulfurization (bds) was carried out using immobilized rhodococcus erythropolis ka2-5-1 in n-tetradecane containing dibenzothiophene (dbt) as a model oil (n-tetradecane/immobilized cell biphasic system). the cells were immobilized by entrapping them with calcium alginate, agar, photo-crosslinkable resin prepolymers (ent-4000 and entp-4000), and urethane prepolymers (pu-3 and pu-6); and it was found that ent-4000-immobilized cells had the highest dbt desulfurization activity in ... | 2001 | 11341322 |
| [bacteria--degraders of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, isolated from soil and bottom sediments in salt-mining areas]. | fifteen bacterial strains capable of utilizing naphthalene, phenanthrene, and biphenyl as the sole sources of carbon and energy were isolated from soils and bottom sediments contaminated with waste products generated by chemical and salt producing plants. based on cultural, morphological, and chemotaxonomic characteristics, ten of these strains were identified as belonging to the genera rhodococcus, arthrobacter, bacillus, and pseudomonas. all ten strains were found to be halotolerant bacteria c ... | 2001 | 11338839 |
| kupffer cells of cirrhotic rat livers sensitize colon cancer cells to fas-mediated apoptosis. | metastasis of colorectal carcinomas rarely occurs in cirrhotic livers. our study investigated the influence of activated kupffer cells from cirrhotic rat livers on hepatic colonization and fasr-mediated apoptosis of colon cancer cells. a rat colon cancer cell line, rcn-9, was used to inoculate rat livers. treatment with conditioned media of kupffer cells isolated from ccl(4)-induced cirrhotic rat livers (cirrhotic kcm) significantly reduced the incidence of hepatic colonization of rcn-9 cells. i ... | 2001 | 11336480 |
| bacterial symbiosis and paratransgenic control of vector-borne chagas disease. | the triatomine vectors of chagas disease are obligate haematophagous insects, feeding on vertebrate blood throughout their entire developmental cycle. as a result of obtaining their nutrition from a single food source, their diet is devoid of certain vitamins and nutrients. consequently, these insects harbour populations of bacterial symbionts within their intestinal tract, which provide the required nutrients that are lacking from their diet. we have isolated and characterised symbiont cultures ... | 2001 | 11334952 |
| the plant pathogen rhodococcus fascians colonizes the exterior and interior of the aerial parts of plants. | rhodococcus fascians is a plant-pathogenic bacterium that causes malformations on aerial plant parts, whereby leafy galls occur at axillary meristems. the colonization behavior on nicotiana tabacum and arabidopsis thaliana plants was examined. independent of the infection methods, r. fascians extensively colonized the plant surface where the bacteria were surrounded by a slime layer. r. fascians caused the collapse of epidermal cells and penetrated intercellularly into the plant tissues. the ons ... | 2001 | 11332724 |
| purification and characterization of the enantioselective nitrile hydratase from rhodococcus equi a4. | the nitrile hydratase from rhodococcus equi a4 consisted of two kinds of subunits which slightly differed in molecular weight (both approximately 25 kda) and showed a significant similarity in the n-terminal amino acid sequences to those of the nitrile hydratase from rhodococcus sp. n-774. the enzyme preferentially hydrated the s-isomers of racemic 2-(2-, 4-methoxyphenyl)propionitrile, 2-(4-chlorophenyl)propionitrile and 2-(6-methoxynaphthyl)propionitrile (naproxennitrile) with e-values of 5-15. ... | 2001 | 11330707 |
| epidemiology of rhodococcus equi strains on thoroughbred horse farms. | pulsed-field gel electrophoresis of restriction endonuclease-digested genomic dna from a large collection of clinical isolates of rhodococcus equi, an important pathogen of foals, was used to compare strain distribution between farms and over time. forty-four strains were found among 209 isolates, with 5 of these accounting for over half the isolates and the 22 strains isolated more than once accounting for 90% of the isolates. the average genotypic diversity on each farm and in each year was fo ... | 2001 | 11319096 |
| characterization of the 450-kb linear plasmid in a polychlorinated biphenyl degrader, rhodococcus sp. strain rha1. | a strong polychlorinated biphenyl (pcb) degrader, rhodococcus sp. strain rha1, has diverse biphenyl/pcb degradative genes and harbors huge linear plasmids, including prhl1 (1,100 kb), prhl2 (450 kb), and prhl3 (330 kb). the diverse degradative genes are distributed mainly on the prhl1 and prhl2 plasmids. in this study, the structural and functional characteristics of prhl2 were determined. we constructed a physical map of prhl2, and the degradative enzyme genes, including bphb2, etbd2, etbc, bph ... | 2001 | 11319076 |
| [clusterization of halophilic and halotolerant eubacteria using whole-cell protein electrophoresis data]. | total cell proteins of the nineteen halophilic and halotolerant eubacteria isolated from marine sediments and highly mineralized formation waters of oil fields were investigated by sds gel electrophoresis. the microorganisms studied, phenotypically identified as belonging to the genera dietzia, rhodococcus, staphylococcus, cytophaga, brevibacterium, and archangium, were found to form clearly distinguishable clusters (20-30% similarity at the generic level) on the dendrogram derived from electrop ... | 2000 | 11315673 |
| kinetic analysis of microbial desulfurization of model and light gas oils containing multiple alkyl dibenzothiophenes. | the reaction mechanism of biodesulfurization was investigated using whole cells of rhodococcus erythropolis ka2-5-1, which have the ability to convert dibenzothiophene (dbt) into 2-hydroxybiphenyl. the desulfurization patterns of alkyl dbts were represented by the michaeis-menten equation. the values of rate constants, the limiting maximal velocity (vmax) and michaelis constant (km), for desulfurization of alkyl dbts were calculated. the relative desulfurization activities of various alkyl dbts ... | 2001 | 11302162 |
| improvement of desulfurization activity in rhodococcus erythropolis ka2-5-1 by genetic engineering. | rhodococcus erythropolis ka2-5-1 can desulfurize dibenzothiophene (dbt) into 2-hydroxybiphenyl. a cryptic plasmid, prc4, which was derived from r. rhodochrous ifo3338, was combined with an escherichia coli vector to construct an e. coli-rhodococcus shuttle vector. the complete nucleotide sequence of 2582-bp prc4 was analyzed. based on the characteristics of its putative replication genes, prc4 was assigned to the family of pal5000-related replicons. the desulfurization gene cluster, dszabc, and ... | 2001 | 11302154 |
| vitamin requirements of hydrocarbon-utilizing soil bacteria. | the numbers of oil-utilizing bacteria in several samples of clean and oil-polluted soils counted on vitamin-containing media were severalfold higher than the numbers counted on vitamin-free media. colonies that grew on a medium containing a vitamin mixture were tested for growth on the same medium lacking any vitamins. more than 90% of the total colonies failed to grow. the remaining 10% grew, yet their growth was enhanced, when vitamins were added. the predominant oil-utilizing bacteria in one ... | 2001 | 11297361 |
| microbial diversity in hot synthetic compost as revealed by pcr-amplified rrna sequences from cultivated isolates and extracted dna. | high-temperature (>/=60 degrees c) synthetic food waste compost was examined by cultivation-dependent and -independent methods to determine predominant microbial populations. fluorescent direct counts totaled 6.4 (+/-2.5)x10(10) cells gdw(-1) in a freeze-dried 74 degrees c compost sample, while plate counts for thermophilic heterotrophic aerobes averaged 2.6 (+/-1.0)x10(8) cfu gdw(-1). a pre-lysis cell fractionation method was developed to obtain community dna and a suite of 16s and 18s rdna-tar ... | 2001 | 11295460 |
| fe-type nitrile hydratase. | the characteristic features of fe-type nitrile hydratase (nhase) from rhodococcus sp. n-771 are described. through the biochemical analyses, we have found that nitric oxide (no) regulates the photoreactivity of this enzyme by association with the non-heme iron center and photoinduced dissociation from it. the regulation is realized by a unique structure of the catalytic non-heme iron center composed of post-translationally modified cysteine-sulfinic (cys-so2h) and -sulfenic acids (cys-soh). to u ... | 2001 | 11293544 |
| fite stain positivity in rhodococcus equi: yet another acid-fast organism in respiratory cytology--a case report. | rhodococcus equi is an aerobic gram-positive and acid-fast coccobacillus that may cause cavitary pneumonia in immunocompromised hosts such as hiv-infected patients. numerous grocott's methenamine silver (gms)-positive organisms were initially noted on the direct smear; a minor number of acid-fast organisms were seen in the thin-prep slide. since the abundant mucous material with the attached organisms seen in conventional smears may be lost in liquid-based preparations, more sensitive stains suc ... | 2001 | 11285619 |
| dna shuffling method for generating highly recombined genes and evolved enzymes. | we introduce a method of in vitro recombination or "dna shuffling" to generate libraries of evolved enzymes. the approach relies on the ordering, trimming, and joining of randomly cleaved parental dna fragments annealed to a transient polynucleotide scaffold. we generated chimeric libraries averaging 14.0 crossovers per gene, a several-fold higher level of recombination than observed for other methods. we also observed an unprecedented four crossovers per gene in regions of 10 or fewer bases of ... | 2001 | 11283594 |
| b-cell epitope mapping of the vapa protein of rhodococcus equi: implications for early detection of r. equi disease in foals. | linear b-cell epitopes of the rhodococcus equi virulence-associated protein (vapa) were mapped using a synthetic peptide bank in this study. the peptides were screened in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) with a total of 70 sera from foals with current r. equi disease (51 sera), as well as from foals that had either recovered from r. equi infection 10 months previously (3 sera) or that had no known history of r. equi disease (16 sera). an epitope with the sequence nlqkdepngra was iden ... | 2001 | 11283104 |
| tsukamurella strandjordae sp. nov., a proposed new species causing sepsis. | we have isolated a gram-positive, weakly acid-alcohol-fast, irregular rod-shaped bacterium from cultures of blood from a 5-year-old girl with acute myelogenous leukemia. this isolate was compared with 14 other strains including reference strains of tsukamurella species by a polyphasic approach based on physiological and biochemical properties, whole-cell short-chain fatty acid and mycolic acid analyses, dna-dna hybridization, and sequencing of the 16s rrna gene. this isolate represents a new tax ... | 2001 | 11283073 |
| comparison of nucleic acid amplification, serology, and microbiologic culture for diagnosis of rhodococcus equi pneumonia in foals. | recently, a technique was described for amplification of rhodococcus equi-specific chromosomal and vapa dna from blood and tracheal wash fluids. it was hypothesized that this technique would be more sensitive than standard culture techniques or serology for diagnosis of r. equi pneumonia in foals. tracheal wash fluid, nasal swabs, whole blood samples, and serum samples from 56 foals with pneumonia were analyzed. final clinical diagnosis was determined by the attending clinician on the basis of f ... | 2001 | 11283043 |
| deep desulfurization of extensively hydrodesulfurized middle distillate oil by rhodococcus sp. strain ecrd-1. | dibenzothiophene (dbt), and in particular substituted dbts, are resistant to hydrodesulfurization (hds) and can persist in fuels even after aggressive hds treatment. treatment by rhodococcus sp. strain ecrd-1 of a middle distillate oil whose sulfur content was virtually all substituted dbts produced extensive desulfurization and a sulfur level of 56 ppm. | 2001 | 11282654 |