Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| free radical scavenging activity of carnosine. | the capacity of carnosine to decrease free radical-induced damage was evaluated using the oxidation of brain homogenates, the 2,2'-azobis-2-amidino propane-induced oxidation of erythrocyte ghost membranes, the radiation induced inactivation of horseradish peroxidase and the 2,2'-azobis-2-amidino propane-induced inactivation of lysozyme. carnosine addition up to 17 mm did not produce any significant protection in either lipid peroxidation system, as assayed by the oxygen uptake rate. carnosine ad ... | 1991 | 1651887 |
| sensitive glycoprotein giii blocking elisa to distinguish between pseudorabies (aujeszky's disease)-infected and vaccinated pigs. | a blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) test has been developed to distinguish pseudorabies virus (prv) (aujeszky's disease virus) -infected pigs from those immunized with a glycoprotein g92 (giii) deletion mutant, prv (dlg92dltk) [omnimark-prv]. this blocking elisa test utilizes an anti-prv giii monoclonal antibody (mabgiii)-horseradish peroxidase (hrpo) conjugate, tmb for color development and a cloned prvg92 (giii) antigen to coat wells of microtiter test plates. undiluted sera a ... | 1991 | 1651582 |
| peroxidase labelled monoclonal antibody against light chains of human cardiac myosin. | monoclonal antibody against light chains of human cardiac myosin (mlc) was labelled with horseradish peroxidase. the conjugation was performed by two different methods with glutaraldehyde and periodate respectively. the binding activities of the conjugates were tested by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) on the microtitration plates with immobilized mlc (1-1000 ng per well). a comparison of both methods revealed their universal suitability for the preparation of conjugates as well as the ... | 1991 | 1651273 |
| thiol and mn(2+)-mediated oxidation of veratryl alcohol by horseradish peroxidase. | horseradish peroxidase has been shown to catalyze the oxidation of veratryl alcohol (3,4-dimethoxybenzyl alcohol) and benzyl alcohol to the respective aldehydes in the presence of reduced glutathione, mncl2, and an organic acid metal chelator such as lactate. the oxidation is most likely the result of hydrogen abstraction from the benzylic carbon of the substrate alcohol leading to eventual disproportionation to the aldehyde product. an aromatic cation radical intermediate, as would be formed du ... | 1991 | 1650355 |
| link between cell apical morphology and h+ secretion in salamander small intestine. | to determine the morphological basis for the cellular secretion of h+ by in vitro salamander jejunum the transepithelial proton flux (jh) was measured under different conditions and compared with the ultrastructure of the villus absorptive cells using transmission electron microscopy in conjunction with morphometric analysis. norepinephrine (ne) stimulated jh and significantly increased the density of small cytoplasmic vesicular and tubular profiles in the region immediately below the apical pla ... | 1991 | 1650141 |
| [interaction between beta-endorphin, steroids and peptide hormones in fibrocystic lesions of the female breast]. | from preclimacteric women (n = 10, 45-50 years of age) with gross cystic breast disease, levels of beta-endorphin, estradiol, progesterone, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, thyroid-stimulating hormone, cortisol and prolactin were assayed radiochemically in the breast cyst fluid and in plasma. the beta-endorphin concentration (fmol/ml) was increased more than fourfold in the breast cyst fluid (17.6 +/- 4.6 sem) than in plasma (4.2 +/- 0.5 sem). in the breast cyst fluid, estradio ... | 1991 | 1648846 |
| descending projections to the dorsal and ventral divisions of the cochlear nucleus in guinea pig. | the origins of extrinsic projections to the guinea pig dorsal and ventral cochlear nuclei were identified by examining the retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase conjugated to wheatgerm agglutinin following its injection into each of these divisions. major projections originated in periolivary regions of the superior olivary complex, the contralateral cochlear nucleus and the inferior colliculus. there was no contribution from the nuclei of the lateral lemniscus to these pathways. the he ... | 1991 | 1648060 |
| combined cytochemical detection of müller-cell-specific enzyme activity and permeability tracers. | a combination of cytochemical methods in one tissue section was studied in order to detect the contribution of müller cells to the blood-ocular barrier. applications are shown for the detection of müller cells and peroxidatic enzymes. the following advantages of the present method were demonstrated: superior sensitivity of glucose-6-phosphatase (g6pase) activity, which allows the detection of these cells even in the coagulated retina. the reaction products showed no deleterious change after a su ... | 1991 | 1647514 |
| efferent projections of the periaqueductal gray in the rabbit. | the efferent projections of the periaqueductal gray in the rabbit have been described by anterograde tract-tracing techniques following deposits of tritiated leucine, or horseradish peroxidase, into circumscribed sites within dorsal, lateral or ventral periaqueductal gray. no attempts were made to place labels in the fourth, extremely narrow (medial), region immediately surrounding the aqueduct whose size and disposition did not lend itself to confined placements of label within it. these anatom ... | 1991 | 1646974 |
| the relationship between thalamocortical connections and stimulus-evoked metabolic activity in the ventroposterior nucleus of the monkey. | although a highly organized system of reciprocal projections exists between the cerebral cortex and the thalamus, the relationship of the thalamocortical projections to functional activity remains unclear. this study attempts to identify the correlation between thalamic relay cells and functional activity evoked in the ventroposterior nucleus (vp) of cynomolgus and squirrel monkeys. wheatgerm agglutinin conjugated to horseradish peroxidase (wga:hrp) was iontophoretically injected into physiologi ... | 1991 | 1646557 |
| distribution of motor cortical neuron synaptic terminals on monkey parvocellular red nucleus neurons. | we determined the location of 54 horseradish peroxidase (hrp)-labeled motor cortical neuron synaptic terminals on 17 parvocellular neurons in the monkey red nucleus. synaptic terminals and their postsynaptic elements were identified and reconstructed, using light- and electron-microscopic techniques, from serial thick and thin sections. terminals were found on proximal and distal dendrites of small and medium-sized parvocellular neurons, where they formed excitatory synapses. some were 180 micro ... | 1991 | 1646554 |
| characterization of a soluble catalase-peroxidase hemoprotein b-590, previously identified as 'cytochrome alpha 1' from bradyrhizobium japonicum bacteroids. | the cytochrome "a1" or p-428, previously proposed to be a high affinity terminal oxidase in nitrogen-fixing bacteroids of bradyrhizobium japonicum has been purified. the water-soluble native hemoprotein has an mr of 136,000, lacks heme a and is a high-spin ferric protohemoprotein: it is slowly reduced with dithionite to give a species with an optical spectrum like that of hemoprotein b-590 (escherichia coli; peak at 555 nm, shoulder at 590 nm), and which reacts slowly with co. it has catalase an ... | 1991 | 1645695 |
| mechanism of h2o2 production in porcine thyroid cells: evidence for intermediary formation of superoxide anion by nadph-dependent h2o2-generating machinery. | hydrogen peroxide (h2o2), which is required for thyroid hormone synthesis, has been believed to be produced at the apical cell surface of thyroid follicular cells. however, we recently found that plasma membrane from porcine thyroid exclusively generated superoxide anion (o2-) by employing a novel method for simultaneous determination of h2o2 and o2- with diacetyldeuterioheme-substituted horseradish peroxidase (diacetyl-hrp) as the trapping reagent [nakamura, y., ohtaki, s., makino, r., tanaka, ... | 1991 | 1645182 |
| the morphology and connectivity of dissociated and reaggregated fetal tectal tissue transplanted to the midbrain of newborn rats. | tectal tissue from e15 or e16 wistar rat embryos was dissociated and reaggregated (dr) prior to transplantation on to the midbrain of newborn host rats. we wished to determine how complete disruption of the donor tissue (i) affected the subsequent morphological development of the grafts in the host brain, and (ii) whether this procedure affected the selectivity with which host retinal axons innervated target regions in the tectal transplants. forty-three to 135 days after transplantation, host r ... | 1992 | 1644121 |
| direct enzyme immunoassay of estradiol in serum of women enrolled in an in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer program. | we present a fast and simple direct enzyme immunoassay for the sexual steroid hormone estradiol-17 beta in serum of women enrolled in an in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer program. we added 25 microl of standards or samples and 125 microl of a mixture of monoclonal antibody and displacing agents to the wells of a microtiter plate previously coated with a second antibody. after 30 min 50 microl estradiol-horseradish peroxidase conjugate is added. total incubation time is 75 min. the immun ... | 1992 | 1643707 |
| identification and quantitation of benzo[a]pyrene-dna adducts formed by rat liver microsomes in vitro. | the two dna adducts of benzo[a]pyrene (bp) previously identified in vitro and in vivo are the stable adduct formed by reaction of the bay-region diol epoxide of bp (bpde) at c-10 with the 2-amino group of dg (bpde-10-n2dg) and the adduct formed by reaction of bp radical cation at c-6 with the n-7 of gua (bp-6-n7gua), which is lost from dna by depurination. in this paper we report identification of several new bp-dna adducts formed by one-electron oxidation and the diol epoxide pathway, namely, b ... | 1992 | 1643262 |
| mechanism of metabolic activation of the potent carcinogen 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene. | the dna adducts of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (dmba) previously identified in vitro and in vivo are stable adducts formed by reaction of the bay-region diol epoxides of dmba with dg and da. in this paper we report identification of several new dmba-dna adducts formed by one-electron oxidation, including two adducts lost from dna by depurination, dmba bound at the 12-methyl to the n-7 of adenine (ade) or guanine (gua) [7-methylbenz[a]anthracene (mba-12-ch2-n7ade or 7-mba-12-ch2-n7gua, respect ... | 1992 | 1643251 |
| a one-step enzyme immunoassay for the determination of total tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-pa) antigen in plasma. | a reproducible and sensitive one-step enzyme immunoassay (eia) was developed to determine total tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-pa) antigen in plasma. the eia comprises two monoclonal catching antibodies and a polyclonal (goat) tagging antibody conjugated with horseradish peroxidase. there is an equal reactivity towards the several physiological t-pa forms, i.e., single-chain t-pa, two-chain t-pa and t-pa in complex with its naturally occurring inhibitor plasminogen activator inhibitor-type ... | 1992 | 1643208 |
| histochemical detection of sugar residues in chick embryo developing lingual glands with horseradish-peroxidase conjugated lectins. | tongue anlage were taken in chick embryos from the 7th to the 21st d of incubation and in 3 d old chicken. a battery of 7 different horseradish peroxidase-conjugated lectins (pna, cona, dba, sba, lta, wga, uea i) was used to study the carbohydrate residues of glycoconjugates at the epithelial cells of the anterior and posterior lingual glands. some sugar residues, detected at the surface of the epithelial cells in early developmental stages of glandular primordia, seemed to play a role in induci ... | 1992 | 1642102 |
| serodiagnosis of helicobacter pylori-associated gastritis with a monoclonal antibody competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | forty-nine monoclonal antibodies against helicobacter pylori were screened to investigate their capacity to be used in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) competitive systems for the serodiagnosis of helicobacter pylori infection. on the basis of the inhibition pattern showed by the sera of five infected patients, the antibodies were subdivided into five groups. the immunoblotting analysis showed that the antibodies recognized a total of nine different antigenic determinants. in a study of ... | 1992 | 1641587 |
| characterization of antibody-mediated inhibition of pseudomonas aeruginosa adhesion to epithelial cells. | an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay system was developed and used to study adhesion of pseudomonas aeruginosa to human epithelial cells and the abilities of specific antibodies to inhibit this process. human buccal epithelial cells coated onto microtiter plates were incubated with p. aeruginosa suspensions, and adherent bacteria were detected by using anti-p. aeruginosa serum and a horseradish peroxidase-conjugated secondary antiserum. adhesion, quantitated as an increase in a405, varied linear ... | 1992 | 1639501 |
| refinement of dendritic arbors along the tonotopic axis of the gerbil lateral superior olive. | we have investigated the development of dendritic arbors in a central auditory nucleus in the mongolian gerbil, the lateral superior olive (lso). the morphology of these arbors has been shown to vary with tonotopic position in adults, with high frequency neurons having a more restricted field. in the present study, qualitative observations were made on horseradish peroxidase-filled neurons from animals 1-11 days postnatal, and quantitative results were obtained from golgi-impregnated material fr ... | 1992 | 1638742 |
| neurochemical and morphological evidence of an antinociceptive neural pathway from nucleus raphe dorsalis to nucleus accumbens in the rabbit. | previous studies using a pharmacological approach suggested a neural pathway emanating from the periaqueductal gray (pag) to the nucleus accumbens relevant to antinociception. this was investigated with neurochemical and histochemical methods in the present study. push-pull perfusion and radioimmunoassay were used to measure the release of immunoreactive-(ir) enkephalin (ir-enk) and ir-beta-endorphin (ir-beta-ep) in the nucleus accumbens after microinjection of morphine into the pag and the nucl ... | 1992 | 1638420 |
| baculovirus expression and characterization of catalytically active horseradish peroxidase. | studies of horseradish peroxidase (hrp), a prototypical enzyme, have provided much of the information that is available on the mechanisms and functions of hemoprotein peroxidases. hrp itself is widely used in biotechnological applications. further progress in defining the structure and function of the enzyme, however, requires its expression in a heterologous system. we report here baculovirus-mediated, high yield expression of a synthetic gene for hrp in spodoptera frugiperda cell culture. expr ... | 1992 | 1637184 |
| development of the neonatal rat small intestinal barrier to nonspecific macromolecular absorption. ii. role of dietary corticosterone. | the role of oral corticosterone (c) in the maturation of the neonatal rat jejunal barrier to the absorption of nonspecific macromolecules was evaluated. this was done by adding c to the diet of rat pups weaned at an early age, 17 d, from maternal milk (mm) to either a protein hydrolysate (ph) or soy (s) artificial formula. both ph and s are known to cause a delay in small intestinal closure to the absorption of a 40-kd glycoprotein tracer, horseradish peroxidase (hrp), on d 21 of age. c was adde ... | 1992 | 1635845 |
| on the use of iron octa-alkylporphyrins as models for protoporphyrin ix-containing heme systems in studies employing magnetic circular dichroism spectroscopy. | the magnetic circular dichroism (mcd) properties of numerous oxidation and ligation state derivatives of myoglobin and horseradish peroxidase reconstituted with an iron octa-alkylporphyrin (mesoheme ix) have been investigated in order to establish the utility of such porphyrins as models for protoporphyrin ix-containing systems. the mcd spectra of the mesoheme-reconstituted proteins are blue-shifted (4-12 nm) and are somewhat more intense (1.5-2.5 fold) when compared to the spectra of analogous ... | 1992 | 1634892 |
| structural studies by proton-nmr spectroscopy of plant horseradish peroxidase c, the wild-type recombinant protein from escherichia coli and two protein variants, phe41----val and arg38----lys. | wild-type recombinant horseradish peroxidase isoenzyme c and two protein variants, phe41----val and arg38----lys, have been characterised using both one- and two-dimensional nmr spectroscopy. proton nmr spectra recorded in both resting and cyanide-ligated states of the proteins were compared with those of the corresponding plant peroxidase. the latter contains 18% carbohydrate in eight n-linked oligosaccharide side chains whereas the recombinant proteins are expressed in nonglycosylated form. th ... | 1992 | 1633807 |
| characterisation of a haem active-site mutant of horseradish peroxidase, phe41----val, with altered reactivity towards hydrogen peroxide and reducing substrates. | a horseradish peroxidase variant ([f41v] hrp-c*), in which val replaces the conserved phe at position 41 adjacent to the distal his, has been constructed. its composition and spectroscopic, catalytic and substrate-binding properties were compared with those of the wild-type recombinant (hrp-c*) and plant (hrp-c) enzymes. presteady-state kinetic measurements of the rate constant for compound i formation (k1) revealed an eightfold decrease in the reactivity of the phe41----val variant towards h2o2 ... | 1992 | 1633806 |
| axial motor organization in postmetamorphic tiger salamanders (ambystoma tigrinum): a segregation of epaxial and hypaxial motor pools is not necessarily associated with terrestrial locomotion. | the axial motor column has undergone a major reorganization during the evolution of vertebrates. in aquatic anamniotes including lampreys, goldfish, and mudpuppies, epaxial and hypaxial motoneurons are intermingled in the column. in contrast, epaxial and hypaxial motoneurons are spatially segregated in water snakes, rats, and monkeys, apparently as a consequence of an isomorphic mapping of motoneuron location onto the position of innervated muscle in the embryonic myotome. the presence of these ... | 1992 | 1633553 |
| visual callosal projections in the adult ferret. | the laminar and tangential organization of visual callosal projections of areas 17 and 18 were investigated in the adult ferret, using histochemical methods to visualize axonally transported horseradish peroxidase (hrp). normal adult ferrets were given injections of hrp throughout one visual cortex or had gelfoam soaked in hrp applied to the transected corpus callosum. the ferret callosal cell distribution has a greater tangential extent in area 18 than in area 17. in addition, the radial organi ... | 1992 | 1633130 |
| developmental segregation in the afferent projections to mammalian auditory hair cells. | the mammalian ear contains two types of auditory receptors, inner and outer hair cells, that lie in close proximity to each other within the sensory epithelium of the cochlea. in adult mammals, these two classes of auditory hair cells are innervated by separate populations of afferent neurons that differ strikingly in their cellular morphology and their pattern of arborization within the cochlea. at present, it is unclear when or how these distinctive patterns of cochlear innervation emerge and ... | 1992 | 1631126 |
| a colorimetric assay for measuring cell-free and cell-bound cholesterol oxidase. | cholesterol oxidase (cholesterol:oxygen oxidoreductase, ec 1.1.3.6) catalyzes the conversion of sterol delta 5-3 beta-alcohol to the corresponding delta 4-3-ketone with the reduction of oxygen to hydrogen peroxide. rhodococcus species gk 1, a soil isolated microbe, produces an extracellular and a membrane-bound cholesterol oxidase; the latter is bound to the outer surface of the microbial cell membrane. a simple and sensitive assay is described to measure the two enzyme types; no enzyme extracti ... | 1992 | 1630278 |
| midline and lateral field sound localization in the ferret (mustela putorius): contribution of the superior olivary complex. | 1. the ability of ferrets to localize sound in space was determined before and after unilateral or bilateral lesions of the superior olivary complex (soc). lesions were made by pressure injection of kainic acid into the soc through a stereotaxically positioned glass micropipette. the lesions destroyed the cell bodies in the superior olive without disrupting fibers of passage in the trapezoid body or other pathways in the auditory brain stem. the integrity of fibers was demonstrated by protargol ... | 1992 | 1629768 |
| a simple enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for the neuron-specific gamma isozyme of human enolase (nse) using monoclonal antibodies raised against synthetic peptides corresponding to isozyme sequence differences. | monoclonal antibodies specific for the gamma isozyme of human enolase (known as neuron-specific enolase or nse) have been raised against synthetic peptides after coupling to carrier protein: the selected peptides were those corresponding to regions of amino acid sequence difference between the alpha and gamma subunits of these closely similar isozymes. this technique gave monoclonal antibodies of high specificity and affinity. two monoclonal antibodies raised against different peptides were used ... | 1992 | 1629611 |
| monoclonal antibody mediated targeting of enzymes. a comparative study using the mouse spleen as a model system. | the aim of this study was to target enzymes specifically to cells in the murine spleen. monomeric and polymeric conjugates of the enzymes horseradish peroxidase or alkaline phosphatase and monoclonal antibodies against cell surface determinants were prepared. highly specific in vivo targeting of enzymes to macrophages was obtained only when monomeric mab-enzyme conjugates were used. | 1992 | 1629605 |
| ascending general visceral pathways within the brainstems of two teleost fishes: ictalurus punctatus and carassius auratus. | the primary general visceral nucleus in goldfish (carassius auratus) and catfish (ictalurus punctatus) is located at the ventroposterior boundary of the vagal gustatory lobe and receives coelomic visceral, but not gustatory inputs. the neuronal tracer horseradish peroxidase (hrp) was employed to visualize sources of input to and ascending projections from the primary general visceral nucleus in these species. in addition, immunocytochemical techniques were utilized to define the cytological divi ... | 1992 | 1629401 |
| topographic organization of the cochlear spiral ganglion demonstrated by restricted lesions of the anteroventral cochlear nucleus. | the morphological organization of the central projections of the cat cochlear spiral ganglion into the cochlear nucleus has been investigated by creating restricted lesions in the anteroventral cochlear nucleus (avcn) in order to ablate selectively either the lateral or the medial aspect of isofrequency projection laminae. such lesions induced highly selective retrograde degeneration of spiral ganglion cells. ablation of the lateral part of the avcn resulted in degeneration of cells within the s ... | 1992 | 1629399 |
| endosomal system of paramecium: coated pits to early endosomes. | a detailed morphological and tracer study of endocytosis via coated pits in paramecium multimicronucleatum was undertaken to compare endocytic processes in a free-living protozoon with similar processes in higher organisms. permanent pits at the cell surface enlarge, become coated and give rise to coated vesicles (188 +/- 41 nm in diameter) that enclose fluid-phase markers such as horseradish peroxidase (hrp). both the pits and vesicles are labeled by the immunogold technique when a monoclonal a ... | 1992 | 1629255 |
| [sero-diagnosis for human parvovirus b19 infection by igm and igg antibody capture method of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay--study on an epidemic case of erythema infectiosum]. | the igm and igg antibody capture methods of the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for human parvovirus b19 were performed using horseradish peroxidase (hrpo)-labeled anti b19 monoclonal antibody. serially obtained serum samples from one erythema infectiosum (e.i.) patient were examined at once by this methods. the dod values of the igm and igg antibodies decreased on the typical curves according to the course of recovery. in the epidemic case of e.i. among students of one nurse school, 1 ... | 1992 | 1624835 |
| method for detection of simian immunodeficiency virus neutralizing antibodies using a noncommercial antigen capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | a neutralization test (nt) using a noncommercial antigen capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) to detect simian immunodeficiency virus (siv) growth in vitro was developed. the capture antibody was a mixture of purified macaque anti-siv immunoglobulin g (igg) and a monoclonal antibody to siv p27. captured antigens were detected by using purified macaque anti-siv igg conjugated to horseradish peroxidase. the nt reliably and sensitively detected differences when various amounts of siv w ... | 1992 | 1624558 |
| direct retinal projections of the "non-image forming" system to the hypothalamus, anterodorsal thalamus and basal telencephalon of mink (mustela vison) brain. | the retinal projections of the "non-image forming" system to the hypothalamus, anterodorsal thalamus and basal telencephalon were visualized in adult mink using the anterograde transport of cholera toxin conjugated to horseradish peroxidase injected intraocularly. a major and nearly symmetrical bilateral input of labeled retinal fibers to the suprachiasmatic nuclei was observed. a dense innervation was also evident in both paraventricular nuclei, and in the anterior, lateral and mediobasal hypot ... | 1992 | 1623980 |
| spinal projections of the locus coeruleus and the nucleus subcoeruleus in the harlan and the sasco sprague-dawley rat. | the descending projections of the locus coeruleus (lc) and the nucleus subcoeruleus (sc) to the lumbar spinal cord were examined in rats from two vendors using retrograde transport of fluorescent latex beads. there was a vendor difference observed which agrees with previous findings. the differential dorsal horn and ventral horn projections of the harlan and the sasco sprague-dawley rats, reported by fritschy and grzanna, and clark and proudfit were confirmed. in the harlan rat more cells were l ... | 1992 | 1623408 |
| the effect of direct current field polarity on recovery after acute experimental spinal cord injury. | recent evidence indicates that direct current (dc) fields promote recovery of acutely injured central and peripheral nervous system axons. the polarity of the applied dc field may play an important role in modulating these effects. in the present study, the effect of dc field polarity on recovery of injured spinal cord axons was examined anatomically, electrophysiologically and behaviourly in a rat model. after a 53 g clip compression injury of the cord at t1, 30 adult rats were randomly and bli ... | 1992 | 1623405 |
| electron transfer in chromaffin-vesicle ghosts containing peroxidase. | in chromaffin vesicles, the enzyme dopamine beta-monooxygenase converts dopamine to norepinephrine. it is believed that reducing equivalents for this reaction are supplied by intravesicular ascorbic acid and that the ascorbate is regenerated by importing electrons from the cytosol with cytochrome b-561 functioning as the transmembrane electron carrier. if this is true, then the ascorbate-regenerating system should be capable of providing reducing equivalents to any ascorbate-requiring enzyme, no ... | 1992 | 1623014 |
| [immunoresponses to the external antigen in conjunctival-associated lymphoid tissue]. | the local immunity of the ocular surface is governed by conjunctival-associated lymphoid tissue (calt), secretory iga and immunocytes. the authors performed a histological investigation of the time-course changes in calt caused by invasion of antigen to the ocular surface through the instillation of horseradish peroxidase (hrp) into the guinea pig eye. we used pas staining, peroxidase staining, alkaline phosphatase staining. the lymphoepithelial cells of calt phagocytized hrp 30-60 min after the ... | 1992 | 1621581 |
| production of a monoclonal antibody to cortisol: application to a direct enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of plasma. | cortisol mouse monoclonal antibodies were produced and characterized. of the four clones studied, supernatant from one clone (a2), compared with other cortisol monoclonal antibodies, showed minimal cross-reactivity to other c21 steroids and was suitable for the direct determination of cortisol in plasma by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using a standard 96-well microtiter plate. the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay uses the immobilized antigen approach, in which cortisol in plasma samples or ... | 1992 | 1621261 |
| reconstruction of peripheral nerves: the phenomenon of bilateral reinnervation of muscles originally innervated by unilateral motoneurons. | it is well known that after reconstruction of sectioned peripheral nerves in adult mammals, denervated muscles are reinnervated by the axotomized motoneurons lying in the original motonucleus. it is less well known that these muscles can also be reinnervated by uninjured motoneurons lying in the homologous contralateral motonucleus. therefore, after nerve reconstruction, bilateral motoneuron reinnervation of muscles can occur. contralateral motoneurons sprout axons that cross the midline, grow i ... | 1992 | 1620299 |
| the permeability change of major cerebral arteries in experimental vasospasm. | the influence of vasospasm on the permeability of the major cerebral arteries was studied using horseradish peroxidase (hrp). experimental vasospasm was produced in canine basilar arteries by successive injections, 2 days apart, of autologous blood into the cisterna magna. hrp was injected intravenously or intracisternally 48 hours after the second injection of autologous blood, and all animals were killed by perfusion fixation 60 minutes after the injection of hrp. the distribution of hrp was o ... | 1992 | 1620294 |
| breakdown of the blood-brain barrier after fluid percussive brain injury in the rat. part 1: distribution and time course of protein extravasation. | experimental brain injury is associated with marked vasogenic edema, as evidenced by an increase in brain water content. this prominent and widespread response raises questions about the vulnerability of microvasculature in the brain to injury. in the present report we further characterize the vascular response by evaluating the integrity of the blood-brain barrier to circulating proteins. vascular permeability to endogenous immunoglobulins (igg) and to the protein horseradish peroxidase (hrp) w ... | 1992 | 1619673 |
| distribution of type ii collagen mrna in xenopus embryos visualized by whole-mount in situ hybridization. | we have developed a whole-mount histochemical method to monitor the distribution of expressed genes within the intact, developing vertebrate embryo. background problems that result from alkaline phosphatase- or horseradish peroxidase-based stains have been minimized, enabling both early and late stages of xenopus embryogenesis to be monitored. the feasibility and utility of this non-isotopic method has been demonstrated by using a specific dna probe to localize xenopus laevis type ii collagen mr ... | 1992 | 1619277 |
| the calcium binding proteins parvalbumin and calbindin-d 28k form complementary patterns in the cat superior colliculus. | parvalbumin (pv) and calbindin-d 28k (cabp) are calcium binding proteins involved in calcium regulation in the brain. in some regions they coexist in the same neuron, while in other regions they are found in different cell types. we have studied the distribution and morphology of pv labeled neurons in the cat superior colliculus (sc) with antibody immunocytochemistry and compared this labeling to that of cabp. pv neurons were concentrated in a dense tier within the deep superficial gray and uppe ... | 1992 | 1619052 |
| dorsal mesencephalic projections to pons, medulla, and spinal cord in the cat: limbic and non-limbic components. | the vertebrate dorsal mesencephalon consists of the superior colliculus, the dorsal portion of the periaqueductal gray, and the mesencephalic trigeminal neurons in between. these structures, via their descending pathways, take part in various behavioral responses to environmental stimuli. this study was undertaken to compare the origins and trajectories of these pathways in the cat. injections of horseradish peroxidase into the cervical spinal cord and upper medullary medial tegmentum retrograde ... | 1992 | 1619044 |
| ultrastructure of the periaqueductal grey matter of the rat: an electron microscopical and horseradish peroxidase study. | the neurons of the mesencephalic periaqueductal grey substance (pag) in the rat are small and medium sized. the cells are frequently located in small clusters, without interdigitating glial elements and may be connected by direct membrane appositions or by gap junctions. the inner zone of the pag is cell poor. in many cases, the cytoplasm of the cells is filled with extensive rough endoplasmic reticulum, free ribosomes, golgi apparatus, and large lysosome-like granules. the nuclei show large ind ... | 1992 | 1619043 |
| anatomical organization of the brainstem octavolateralis area of the oyster toadfish, opsanus tau. | anatomical studies were undertaken to analyze the brainstem organization of the auditory, vestibular, and lateral line nuclei in a teleost, the oyster toadfish, opsanus tau. neuronal cytoarchitectonics and horseradish peroxidase label of cranial nerves were utilized to delineate the borders of the five octavus and two lateralis brainstem nuclei. each of the eight octavolateralis nerves were labeled individually to compare and contrast their central projections. projections of the three semicircu ... | 1992 | 1619042 |
| functional organization of vagal reflex systems in the brain stem of the goldfish, carassius auratus. | the coordination of secretory and motor responses to food within the alimentary canal requires well organized brain stem reflex systems. in the goldfish, carassius auratus, three vagal reflex systems control three phases of ingestion and digestion. the orobranchial system sorts food from substrate, the pharyngeal chewing organ prepares items deemed to be food for digestion and absorption, and the abdominal system regulates the digestion of food. each system is represented in the central nervous ... | 1992 | 1619041 |
| brefeldin a enhances receptor-mediated transcytosis of transferrin in filter-grown madin-darby canine kidney cells. | the effects of brefeldin a (bfa) on transferrin (tf) transcellular transport, tf receptor (tfr) distribution, and tfr-mediated endocytosis in filter-grown madin-darby canine kidney (mdck) cells were studied. bfa (1.6 micrograms/ml) markedly enhanced the transcytosis of 125i-labeled tf (125i-tf) in both apical-to-basal and basal-to-apical directions; yet, bfa did not enhance the transcytosis of either native horseradish peroxidase (hrp) or membrane-bound hrp-poly(l-lysine) conjugates. furthermore ... | 1992 | 1618847 |
| resonance raman spectra of horseradish peroxidase and bovine liver catalase compound i species. evidence for predominant 2a2u pi-cation radical ground state configurations. | the nature of the porphyrin pi-cation radicals in the horseradish peroxidase and bovine liver catalase (blc) compound i species have been investigated by studying their resonance raman spectra. a variety of laser excitation and sample interrogation procedures have been employed in order to minimize previously documented problems arising from photoinduced conversions. with soret band excitation, the spectra obtained for both species resemble that of a compound ii-like photoproduct unless the samp ... | 1992 | 1618830 |
| morphological differentiation of endothelial cells co-cultured with astrocytes on type-i or type-iv collagen. | in this study bovine aortic endothelial cells were co-cultured with astrocytes from fetal wistar kyoto rats. endothelial cells growing on type-i collagen, co-cultured with astrocytes, showed various stages of development. although some cells appeared to be mature, horseradish peroxidase penetrated within 1 min of incubation through the intercellular junctions of these endothelial elements maintained on type-i collagen. in contrast, endothelial cells on type-iv collagen, co-cultured with astrocyt ... | 1992 | 1617696 |
| oxidation of methylhydrazines to mutagenic methylating derivatives and inducers of the adaptive response of escherichia coli to alkylation damage. | the methylhydrazines, monomethylhydrazine, 1,1-dimethylhydrazine, and 1,2-dimethylhydrazine, are known carcinogens but only weak mutagens in the ames test. chemical oxidation of these compounds by potassium ferricyanide greatly enhanced their mutagenicity to an escherichia coli ada mutant and converted them into inducers of the adaptive response of e. coli to alkylation damage. enzymatic oxidation of monomethylhydrazine by horseradish peroxidase-h2o2 also yielded products which induced the adapt ... | 1992 | 1617641 |
| binding, uptake, and localization of surfactant protein b in isolated rat alveolar type ii cells. | this study reports the ability of rat alveolar type ii cells to internalize mature bovine surfactant protein b (sp-b) in vitro. isolated type ii cells were incubated with labeled sp-b, and binding and internalization were studied biochemically and morphologically. biochemical analyses demonstrated a time-dependent association of 125i-labeled sp-b with type ii cells; binding steadily increased through 4 h and then remained constant through 20 h of incubation. the association of [3h]sp-b with type ... | 1992 | 1616054 |
| hormonal regulation of paracellular permeability in isolated rat hepatocyte couplets. | many hormones and drugs exert their effects on cells by increasing cytosolic ca2+ (cai2+) and activating protein kinase c (pkc). each of these actions results in cholestasis in the isolated perfused rat liver, but the responsible mechanisms are unclear. we used isolated rat hepatocyte couplets to observe the direct effects of increased cai2+ and pkc activation on permeability of the hepatocyte tight junction and canalicular volume, two possible determinants of hepatocyte bile secretion. couplets ... | 1992 | 1616038 |
| enzyme immunoassay techniques. an overview. | in spite of the great variety of enzyme immunoassays (eia) they can be classified into two groups 'analyte-observed' and 'reagent-observed' assays, depending on their reaction principle. the latter are favored by use of monoclonal antibodies and are characterized by a greater sensitivity, a larger measuring range, a lower susceptibility to disturbing influences. they can be used only for detection of macromolecules. for heterogeneous eias to be used on laboratory scale, simple adsorption of anti ... | 1992 | 1613258 |
| capture immunoassay for the diagnosis of bovine mastitis using a monoclonal antibody to polymorphonuclear granulocytes. | a direct capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was developed to measure elevated polymorphonuclear granulocyte (pmn) antigens using horseradish peroxidase (ec 1.11.1.7) conjugated rabbit polyclonal anti-pmn antisera and a monoclonal antibody specific for pmn cells. optical densities obtained in the elisa were used to predict the cell counts of milk samples. predicted counts were not significantly different from actual somatic cell counts (scc). in a total of 156 bovine milk samples t ... | 1992 | 1613171 |
| the central organization of carotid body afferent projections to the brainstem of the rat. | despite increasing focus on brainstem respiratory control mechanisms in the rat, relatively little is known about the central organization of chemoreceptor pathways in this species. to approach this issue, the present study sought to selectively define the central projections of primary sensory neurons that innervate the carotid body. afferent projections were visualized by horseradish peroxidase histochemistry following microinjection of wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase into the vas ... | 1992 | 1611506 |
| glycine-like immunoreactive input to sympathetic preganglionic neurons. | the organization of glycine-like immunoreactive (gly-lir) processes was investigated within the sympathetic preganglionic neuropils of male sprague-dawley rats and pigeons (columba livia). sympathetic preganglionic neurons were retrogradely labeled with horseradish peroxidase following injections into the superior cervical ganglion in rats or into the avian homologue of the mammalian stellate ganglion (paravertebral ganglion 14) in pigeons. glycine-like immunoreactivity was visualized using post ... | 1992 | 1611482 |
| cytomembrane-derived birbeck granules transport horseradish peroxidase to the endosomal compartment in the human langerhans cells. | it has been previously shown that the cytomembrane of human langerhans cells (lc) has the capacity to fold upon itself, thereby forming birbeck granules (bg), which then internalize. i confirmed this by exposing lc in vitro to horseradish peroxidase (hrp) at +8 degrees c and +37 degrees c. on incubation at +37 degrees c the label appeared not only in bg, but also in tubular structures and vesicles of different shapes and sizes. interconnections between these labeled endosomal structures were com ... | 1992 | 1607679 |
| effect of lymphocytic infiltration on the blood-retinal barrier in experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis. | using an experimental model of autoimmune uveoretinitis, we have examined the relationship of t cell infiltration in the retina to blood-retinal barrier (brb) breakdown. sensitive quantitative in vivo techniques were used to examine brb permeability to sucrose, a low mol. wt non-transported solute. electron microscopy was also used to localize extravasated horseradish peroxidase, a macromolecular visual tracer, from the retinal vasculature and to identify the route by which any leakage was occur ... | 1992 | 1606733 |
| differential effect of castration on the somal size of pudendal motoneurons in the adult male rat. | we have examined the organization of the androgen sensitivity of pudendal motoneurons in adult male rats. comparisons of mean somal cross sectional area of pudendal motoneurons identified by retrograde labeling with horseradish peroxidase were made between three treatment groups: castrates with testosterone propionate supplementation, castrates with placebo, and sham castrates. bulbospongiosus and ischiocavernosus motoneurons were sensitive to androgen treatment, whereas external anal sphincter ... | 1992 | 1606503 |
| sympathetic preganglionic neurons in rabbit spinal cord that project to the stellate or the superior cervical ganglion. | the segmental distribution of sympathetic preganglionic neurons in the rabbit spinal cord that project to the stellate or the superior cervical ganglion was determined using retrograde tracing with cholera toxin b subunit from the stellate ganglion and wheat germ agglutinin-apo-horseradish peroxidase-gold from the superior cervical ganglion. sympathetic preganglionic neurons that projected to the stellate ganglion were located in spinal segments t1 to t10. sympathetic preganglionic neurons proje ... | 1992 | 1606492 |
| horseradish peroxidase-catalyzed aerobic oxidation and peroxidation of indole-3-acetic acid. i. optical spectra. | a study of the indole-3-acetate reaction with horse-radish peroxidase, in the absence or presence of hydrogen peroxide, has been performed, employing rapid scan and conventional spectrophotometry. we present here the first clear spectral evidence, obtained on the millisecond time scale, indicating that at ph 5.0 and for high [enzyme/substrate] ratios peroxidase compound iii is formed. most, if not all, of the compound iii is formed by oxygenation of the ferrous peroxidase. there is an inhibitory ... | 1992 | 1605635 |
| catalytic sites of hemoprotein peroxidases. | the structures of the active sites of horseradish and cytochrome c peroxidase, prototypical peroxidases with an imidazole heme ligand, suggest that small substrates are generally oxidized by peroxidases at the delta-meso edge of the heme group. this inference is supported by experimental results on the coprinus macrorhizus peroxidase (52), manganese peroxidase (51), lignin peroxidase (50) and, less definitively, lactoperoxidase (90). macromolecular substrates, exemplified by the cytochrome c per ... | 1992 | 1605582 |
| immunoelectron microscopic localization of laminin in rat ovarian follicles. | we studied the immunohistochemical and ultrastructural distribution of laminin in ovaries of immature and mature rats. when sections from 1-8-week-old rat ovaries were labeled directly with conjugates of affinity purified anti-laminin igg-horseradish peroxidase (hrp), the antibodies bound to all ovarian basement membranes including those surrounding follicles in different stages of maturation. in addition, intracellular labeling was seen in granulosa and theca cells of follicles undergoing rapid ... | 1992 | 1605377 |
| breakdown of hepatic tight junctions during reoxygenation injury. | we investigated whether reoxygenation following anoxia increased biliary permeability and whether or not allopurinol had a protective effect. isolated rat livers were perfused for 30 min in a one-pass system with buffer equilibrated with 100% nitrogen after stabilization, and then for 60 min with the oxygenated buffer. hepatic tight junction permeability was assessed by quantifying the early appearance in the bile of horseradish peroxidase (hrp) injected with the perfusate. this early peak repre ... | 1992 | 1604475 |
| [study on the origin of vestibular neurons projecting to the spinal cord using retrograde labelling technique of horseradish peroxidase]. | in spite of a large number of electrophysiological studies into the vestibulospinal (vs) effects on the spinal cord, there are far fewer anatomical studies on the vs projections. the present study was undertaken to determine the origins and descending pathways of vs neurons in the cat, using a retrograde labelling technique of horseradish peroxidase (hrp) combined with a lesion in the lower brainstem. hrp was applied unilaterally into the cervical or lumbar spinal cord and either the medial long ... | 1992 | 1602360 |
| recurrent collaterals of motoneurons projecting to distal muscles in the cat hindlimb. | 1. recurrent collaterals of motoneurons innervating muscles that have a role in control of the hindlimb digits were studied with neuroanatomic tracing methods to determine whether these motoneurons have simple recurrent collateral arbors in comparison with those of hip, knee, and ankle muscles. 2. motoneurons innervating the hindlimb muscles plantaris (pln), flexor hallucis longus (fhl), or flexor digitorum longus (fdl) were injected with 10% horseradish peroxidase. recurrent collaterals were re ... | 1992 | 1597718 |
| selective translocation of the a chain of diphtheria toxin across the membrane of purified endosomes. | translocation is a necessary and rate-limiting step for diphtheria toxin (dt) cytotoxicity. we have reconstituted dt translocation in a cell-free system using endosomes purified from lymphocytes and have demonstrated this using two different probe/cell systems, which provided identical results: 125i-dt/human cem cells and 125i-transferrin-dt/mouse bw cells. the cell-free dt translocation process was found to be dependent on the presence of the ph gradient endosome (ph 5.3)/cytosol (ph 7). among ... | 1992 | 1597480 |
| peroxidase-amplified assay of sialidase activity toward gangliosides. | sialidase assays were carried out with the substrate, ganglioside gd1a, coated onto enzyme immunoassay plate wells. following the incubation of gd1a with sialidase from v. cholerae, the amount of ganglioside gm1 produced was measured as follows: cholera toxin b subunit conjugated to horseradish peroxidase was added to specifically bind to gm1, and then the amount of bound peroxidase was determined in a colorimetric enzymatic assay. in the absence of detergent, linearity for the detection of gm1 ... | 1992 | 1595901 |
| thalamic connections of the second somatic sensory area in cats studied with anterograde and retrograde tract-tracing techniques. | the thalamic connections of the second somatosensory area in the anterior ectosylvian gyrus of cats have been investigated using the retrograde tracer horseradish peroxidase and the anterograde tracer phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin. horseradish peroxidase was injected iontophoretically in several somatotopic zones of the second somatosensory area map of six cats. sites of horseradish peroxidase delivery were identified preliminarily by recording with microelectrodes the responses of neurons ... | 1992 | 1594098 |
| [bio- and histochemical changes of tissue kallikrein in the rat stomach after water immersion-induced gastric ulcer]. | the posterior stomach was isolated from each male donryu rat and separated into two parts: the tunicae mucosa and submucosa and the tunicae muscularis and serosa. active and inactive tissue kallikrein were measured using sandwich type enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (s-elisa) and h-pro-phe-arg-mca to complement each other. inactive tissue kallikrein was determined (1) by measuring total tissue kallikrein and active tissue kallikrein in trypsin-treated samples and trypsin-nontreated ones, respe ... | 1992 | 1593773 |
| application of phase partitioning and thiophilic adsorption chromatography to the purification of monoclonal antibodies from cell culture fluid. | a two-step method for the isolation of an igg1 monoclonal antibody against horseradish peroxidase from hybridoma cell culture supernatant is described. purification was achieved using an aqueous two-phase extraction procedure in conjunction with thiophilic adsorption chromatography. in an aqueous two-phase system composed of 5% peg 1540 and 22% phosphate the monoclonal antibody preferentially associates with the peg-rich top phase whereas proteins such as albumin and transferrin partition into t ... | 1992 | 1593132 |
| increased transcellular permeability of rat small intestine after thermal injury. | the pathway which results in a loss of intestinal barrier function and transepithelial transfer of macromolecules after cutaneous thermal injury is unknown. to determine the enhanced absorption pathway, transepithelial transport of horseradish peroxidase (hrp) was examined ultrastructurally after a thermal injury. within 6 h after the injury, increased hrp uptake was seen in the portal and systemic blood with the maximal increase in uptake measured at 18 h postinjury; permeability returned to no ... | 1992 | 1590925 |
| immunity to nerve growth factor and the effect on motor unit reinnervation in the rabbit. | the trophic effects of nerve growth factor (ngf) on sympathetic, peripheral afferent, and other neural crest-derived cells have been intensively investigated. more recently, ngf has been shown to have an influence on motoneurons. this study was undertaken to investigate whether ngf had any influence on the mechanical or histological properties of reinnervated motor units. three groups of rabbits were used: normal rabbits, rabbits in which the nerve to medial gastrocnemius (mg) was cut and allowe ... | 1992 | 1590475 |
| vascular injury by endotoxin: changes in macromolecular transport parameters in rat aortas in vivo. | vascular injury can lead to enhanced macromolecular transport into the arterial wall. we previously demonstrated that lipopolysaccharide (lps) -induced injury to rat aorta in vivo caused increases in intimal and medial horseradish peroxidase (hrp) accumulation. in the present study, we quantitatively interpret these lps-induced changes in hrp transport parameters. the parameters of interest are the permeability (pl) of the luminal blood-tissue boundary (combination of endothelium and internal el ... | 1992 | 1590461 |
| regulatory volume decrease stimulates bile flow, bile acid excretion, and exocytosis in isolated perfused rat liver. | to study the effect of volume regulation on bile secretory function, isolated perfused rat livers (iprl) were exposed to hypotonic stress (45 mm nacl) while bile flow and the biliary excretion of bile acids and horseradish peroxidase (hrp) were assessed. hypotonic stress induced a biphasic increase in bile flow, which rose in the first minute from 1.1 +/- 0.2 to 1.7 +/- 0.1 microliter.min-1.g liver-1 (p less than 0.01), an effect attributed to rapid osmotic equilibration of water, then increased ... | 1992 | 1590390 |
| physiological and morphological correlations of horizontal cells in the mudpuppy retina. | 1. horizontal cells (hcs) of the mudpuppy (necturus maculosus) retina were physiologically characterized with the use of intracellular recordings in a superfused, dark-adapted, retina-eyecup preparation. 2. physiological analysis included an evaluation of rod versus cone input and a determination of the receptive field size with the use of a displaced slit of light. 3. the morphology of hcs was established through intracellular staining with horseradish peroxidase (hrp) and lucifer yellow mixed ... | 1992 | 1588385 |
| a fibre matrix model for the restricting junction of the blood-brain barrier in a cephalopod mollusc: implications for capillary and epithelial permeability. | a model is proposed for the novel restricting junction forming the blood-brain barrier in a cephalopod mollusc, the cuttlefish sepia officinalis. the model is based on electron-microscopic findings, from both thin-section and freeze-fracture material, the distribution of electron-dense tracers, and radioisotopic measurements of permeability using small non-electrolytes. biochemical properties of sepia plasma proteins are also considered. it is proposed that an effective blood-brain barrier is ac ... | 1992 | 1588349 |
| electron-dense tracer evidence for a blood-brain barrier in the cuttlefish sepia officinalis. | electron-dense tracers were used to study the permeability of the blood-brain interface in a cephalopod mollusc, the cuttlefish sepia officinalis. gel filtration established that horseradish peroxidase is a suitable tracer for in vivo injection, but microperoxidase is not, being subject to binding by plasma proteins. perfusion-fixed brain vertical and optic lobes showed no endogenous peroxidatic activity. horseradish peroxidase was injected intravenously, and allowed to circulate for 10-35 min b ... | 1992 | 1588347 |
| monensin action on the golgi complex in perfused rat liver: evidence against bile salt vesicular transport. | several studies suggest that bile salts are transported from the basolateral to the canalicular membrane of hepatocytes by a vesicular pathway, possibly in part via the golgi complex. to test this hypothesis, the present study examined, in the perfused rat liver, the influence of the na+ ionophore monensin on the biliary secretion of taurocholate and biliary lipids. the effects of the drug have been checked by the study of the ultrastructural modifications of the golgi complex, secretion of hors ... | 1992 | 1587420 |
| evidence for fluid-phase pinocytosis of extrahepatic bile duct cells isolated from normal rats in culture. | in order to elucidate the physiological function of extrahepatic bile duct cells, we isolated epithelial cells from the rat extrahepatic bile duct by digesting resected segments of the extrahepatic bile duct with 0.15% trypsin in ice-cold ca(2+)-free hanks' balanced salt solution supplemented with 0.25 mm edta overnight. as a result, the epithelial cells were collected as aggregates and attached to culture dishes coated with type i collagen. approximately 95% of the cells cultured for 24 hrs wer ... | 1992 | 1586969 |
| possible conditioned stimulus pathway for classical eyelid conditioning in rabbits. i. anatomical evidence for direct projections from the pontine nuclei to the cerebellar interpositus nucleus. | wheat germ agglutinin and cholera toxin-conjugated horseradish peroxidase (hrp) were used to retrogradely and anterogradely trace connectivity between the lateral regions of the pontine nuclei and the anterior interpositus nucleus of the cerebellum in rabbits. projections from the pontine nuclei were found to terminate in the anterior interpositus nucleus and the interpositus was found to send projections to the pontine nuclei. projections from the nucleus reticularis tegmenti pontis, dorsal acc ... | 1992 | 1586349 |
| parvalbumin and calbindin immunoreactivity in the rat brain: a double-immunolabelling method. | parvalbumin and calbindin, two calcium binding proteins in the nervous system, are present in certain neuronal subpopulations. in the present study a method for a simultaneous demonstration of the both antigens was developed, which labels parvalbumin- and calbindin-containing structures in contrasting colours. a horseradish peroxidase-conjugated second antibody was used for the visualization of the monoclonal anticalbindin antibody, whereas the biotinylated anti-parvalbumin antibody was demonstr ... | 1992 | 1584978 |
| secondary mesenchyme of the sea urchin embryo: ontogeny of blastocoelar cells. | secondary mesenchyme in sea urchin embryos is released into the blastocoel after primary mesenchyme, and although these cells have been recognized for some time, we lack knowledge about many fundamental aspects of their origin and fate. here we documented the ontogeny of one of the principal, and least well-known, types of cells derived from secondary mesenchyme. the blastocoelar cells arise from mesenchyme released from the tip of the archenteron following the initial phase of gastrulation. the ... | 1992 | 1583452 |
| organizational and morphological features of cat sacrocaudal motoneurons. | we have investigated the organizational and morphological features of motoneurons from cat sacrocaudal spinal cord, the portion of the neuraxis that innervates the tail. this information is pertinent for development of a new model of spinal cord injury. an understanding of sacrocaudal circuitry is essential for physiological and behavioral assessment of the effects of sacrocaudal lesions. observations from nissl-stained sections corroborated rexed's cytoarchitectural scheme. putative motoneurons ... | 1992 | 1583160 |
| a light and electron microscopic study of intracellularly hrp-labeled lumbar motoneurons after intramedullary axotomy in the adult cat. | in contrast to many other neurons in the central nervous system, spinal motoneurons in adult cats have been shown to regenerate their axons after an axotomy accomplished within the cns compartment. this regenerative capacity may be the result of extrinsic influences, or intrinsic properties of the motoneurons themselves, or interactions between extrinsic and intrinsic factors. as part of the effort to establish circumstances of importance for this central regeneration, a detailed analysis of the ... | 1992 | 1583159 |
| subdivisions and connections of auditory cortex in owl monkeys. | the organization and connections of auditory cortex in owl monkeys, aotus trivirgatus, were investigated by combining microelectrode mapping methods with studies of architecture and connections in the same animals. in most experiments, portions of auditory cortex were first explored with microelectrodes, neurons were characterized as responsive or not to auditory stimuli, and best frequencies were determined whenever possible. most recordings were in cortex previously designated as primary (a-i) ... | 1992 | 1583155 |
| biliary function studies during multiple time periods in freely moving rats. a useful system and set of marker solutes. | biliary output of endogenous and exogenous compounds is altered by anesthesia, depletion of bile salts, and hydrostatic pressure. the described system for bile function studies minimizes these confounding factors by substantially modifying existing methods. experiments were conducted in freely moving rats which eliminates effects of anesthesia or restraint-induced stress. depletion of bile salts was prevented by intraduodenal infusion of taurocholate which maintains bile volume. bile was collect ... | 1992 | 1581615 |
| pattern of glucose transporter (glut 1) expression in embryonic brains is related to maturation of blood-brain barrier tightness. | a constant supply of blood-borne glucose is vital to cerebral metabolism. although transport of glucose into the nervous tissue, effectively separated from the blood by a functional barrier (the blood-brain barrier, bbb), is one of the essential properties of the cerebral endothelium, little is known about its metabolic regulation and developmental expression in the bbb. in this study we provide evidence by immunocytochemistry that the pattern of the brain endothelial glucose transporter in rat ... | 1992 | 1581603 |
| the use of thalamotomy in the treatment of levodopa-induced dyskinesia. | peak dose dyskinesia is a major problem in the treatment of parkinsonian patients with levodopa and yet this remains the best pharmacological agent for treating the condition. the hypothesis which this research set out to test was that thalamotomy in the area of the thalamus which receives the input from the medial segment of the globus pallidus would decrease or prevent the dyskinesia. a well established primate model of parkinsonism was used. eight monkeys (macaca fascicularis) were rendered p ... | 1992 | 1580197 |
| effect of serum ph on bilirubin-protein binding. | progressive increase of the serum ph upon standing and storage in different conditions is documented. bilirubin albumin titration studies were performed on serum of different ph by sephadex gel filtration and horseradish peroxidase oxidation methods. results showed that different ph produced different titration curves and that more reproducible and consistent results were obtained with the peroxidase oxidation titration method. addition of hcl and co2 to the serum also produced different bilirub ... | 1992 | 1580149 |
| horseradish peroxidase retention and washout in blood-brain barrier lesions. | horseradish peroxidase (hrp) is widely used to visualize blood-brain barrier (bbb) breakdown. in addition to its visual properties, hrp activity can be measured and can, therefore, be used to quantitate barrier leakage rapidly and simply. in addition, the same tissue can be used for electron microscopic studies in which the structural basis for the leakage can be resolved. here we describe two methods for quantitation of barrier damage using hrp: one in small, multifocal barrier lesions caused b ... | 1992 | 1578903 |