Publications

[an immunoenzyme method for the quantitative determination of b-lymphocytes in human blood].	the author shows the advantages of estimating human blood b-lymphocytes for the diagnosis of immunodeficiency, autoimmune, and lymphoproliferative conditions with the use of tests based on the detection of surface immunoglobulin receptors. these structures are detectable by means of horseradish peroxidase-conjugated antiglobulin antibodies. conjugates from the kits of various test systems for enzyme immunoassay were employed in this study. the developed method has proved to be highly sensitive a ...	1990	1702864
an evaluation of retrograde tracing methods for the identification of chemically distinct cochlear efferent neurons.	we have compared retrograde labelling of rat olivocochlear neurons after unilateral cochlear injections of wheatgerm agglutinin conjugated horseradish peroxidase (wga-hrp) and free hrp. after cochlear injection of wga-hrp, labelling of nerve cell bodies in the brainstem can be explained not only as conventional retrograde labelling resulting from uptake by efferent nerve terminals synapsing on or near hair cells, but also as spurious labelling originating from tracer leakage, through the perioti ...	1990	1702612
visual corticopontine and tectopontine projections in the macaque.	we studied projections from extrastriate visual areas and the superior colliculus to the pontine nuclei of monkeys using degeneration staining and transport of wheatgerm agglutinin horseradish peroxidase, and 3h amino acids. the superior colliculus and the extrastriate cortical visual areas both project to the ipsilateral dorsolateral region of the pontine nuclei. the projections from extrastriate visual cortex occupy a much larger territory within the pontine nuclei than those from the superior ...	1990	1702611
the projection of spinocerebellar neurons from the sacrococcygeal region of the spinal cord in the cat. an experimental study using anterograde transport of wga-hrp and degeneration.	the projection from the sacro-coccygeal region of the spinal cord to the cerebellum was studied by two different techniques in the cat. in five cats wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase conjugate (wga-hrp) was injected caudal to a preceding unilateral cordotomy at the sacral level, aimed at interrupting the spinocerebellar tracts on one side completely, and the distribution of wga-hrp labeled mossy fibers and mossy fiber terminals was studied in the cerebellum. in three additional cats, ...	1990	1702608
somatotopic organization of single primary afferent axon projections to cat spinal cord dorsal horn.	horseradish peroxidase injection of identified low threshold cutaneous mechanoreceptor (ltcm) primary afferent axons was used to assess the somatotopic organization of hindlimb projections to laminae iii and iv of cat dorsal horn. multiple injections in the same animals were used to assess bilateral symmetry and precision. thirty-one axons were injected, with more than 1 axon injected in each of 8 animals (25 axons). somatotopic relations between their receptive field (rf) centers and the center ...	1991	1702466
chemically distinct compartments of the thalamic vpm nucleus in monkeys relay principal and spinal trigeminal pathways to different layers of the somatosensory cortex.	the ventral posteromedial nucleus (vpm) of the monkey thalamus was investigated with combined immunocytochemical, histochemical, and connection-tracing techniques. injections of anterogradely transported tracers were placed selectively in the caudal nucleus of the spinal trigeminal nuclear complex, and retrogradely transported horseradish peroxidase (hrp) or fluorescent dyes were placed on the surface or into the depths of defined parts of the trigeminal representation in the first somatic senso ...	1991	1702464
intraocular projections from the pterygopalatine ganglion in the cat.	the intraocular projection of the cat pterygopalatine (sphenopalatine) ganglion was examined by using retrograde axoplasmic transport techniques in order to investigate the possibility of the involvement of the facial nerve in ocular parasympathetic innervation. following an injection of horseradish peroxidase (hrp) or wheat germ agglutinin-hrp into the eye, retrogradely labeled cells were observed in the ipsilateral pterygopalatine ganglion, principally in the caudal part. by dissection of silv ...	1990	1702452
receptor-mediated endocytosis and recycling of alpha-fetoprotein in human b-lymphoma and t-leukemia cells.	the kinetics of iodinated human alpha-fetoprotein (afp) binding and uptake by 2 human neoplastic lymphoid cell lines (cem and raji) have been studied. three saturation plateaus were obtained by incubating cem and raji cells at 4 degrees c with 125i-afp at different concentrations. scatchard analysis suggested the presence of 3 types of receptor site with different affinities and capacities on cells of both lines. afp binding was inhibited by unlabelled human and bovine afp, and to a lesser exten ...	1991	1702404
the perihypoglossal projection to the superior colliculus in the rhesus monkey.	the projection of the perihypoglossal (ph) complex to the superior colliculus (sc) in the rhesus monkey was investigated using the retrograde transport of wheat germ agglutinin conjugated to horseradish peroxidase (wga-hrp). following physiological identification by electrical stimulation and multiunit recording, small injections of the tracer were placed within the sc of three monkeys. the largest numbers of retrogradely labeled neurons within the ph complex were found in the contralateral nucl ...	1990	1702314
[vestibular efferent neurons of the guinea pig forming projections into the saccule].	the distribution of vestibular efferent neurons projecting to the saccule and efferent neurons transmitting axons to the acoustic nerve (cochlear efferent neurons) has been studied in guinea pig by comparison using the method of retrograde axonal transport of horseradish peroxidase. the saccular efferent neurons are revealed bilaterally in the subendymal granular fundus of the fourth ventricle of the brain and more laterally of the facial nerve genu, ipsilaterally in the small-celled reticular n ...	1990	1702187
dendritic morphologies of retinal ganglion cells projecting to the lateral geniculate nucleus in the rabbit.	small injections of fluorescent rhodamine-latex microspheres and fast blue were made into the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dlgn) of fifteen rabbits. after 8-15 day survival times, the somas of projecting ganglion cells were found to be labelled in the contralateral retinas by retrograde transport. the dendritic morphologies of the labelled ganglion cells were revealed by intracellular injection of lucifer yellow or horseradish peroxidase while superfusing the retinas. at least ten distinct ...	1990	1702124
terminal arbors of individual, physiologically identified geniculocortical axons in the tree shrew's striate cortex.	we studied the terminal patterns of single, physiologically identified geniculocortical axons in the striate cortex of the tree shrew by using intracellular recording and labeling methods. axons were classified by their response to the onset (on-center) or offset (off-center) of a light stimulus presented to the ipsilateral or contralateral eye. then, we attempted to penetrate each axon for labeling with horseradish peroxidase. we recovered 23 axons and studied 16 of these in detail. light micro ...	1990	1702114
the anterior ectosylvian sulcal auditory field in the cat: ii. a horseradish peroxidase study of its thalamic and cortical connections.	the thalamic and cortical projections to acoustically responsive regions of the anterior ectosylvian sulcus were determined by identifying retrogradely labelled cells after physiologically guided iontophoretic injections of horseradish peroxidase. the medial division of the medial geniculate nucleus, the intermediate division of the posterior nuclear group, the principal division of the ventromedial nucleus, and the lateroposterior complex were consistently labelled after these injections, altho ...	1990	1702108
topography and synaptology of mamillary body projections to the mesencephalon and pons in the rat.	the anterograde and retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase conjugated to wheat germ agglutinin (wga-hrp) was used to study the anatomical organization of descending projections from the mamillary body (mb) to the mesencephalon and pons at light and electron microscopic levels. injections of wga-hrp into the medial mamillary nucleus resulted in dense anterograde and retrograde labeling in the ventral tegmental nucleus, while injections in the lateral mamillary nucleus resulted in dense an ...	1990	1702105
cell death and interocular interactions among retinofugal axons: lack of binocularly matched specificity.	naturally occurring ganglion cell death has been attributed to competitive interactions among axons at their targets during development of the retinofugal pathways. the present study is concerned with the hypothesis that interocular interactions leading to ganglion cell death are restricted to binocularly conjugate terminals in the optic nuclei. we tested this hypothesis in newborn rats by making localized retinal lesions, which denervate a restricted portion of the contralateral optic targets. ...	1990	1702041
control of lower esophageal sphincter pressure by two sites in dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus.	our purpose was to determine the central vagal sites for regulating changes in lower esophageal sphincter (les) pressure in the cat. injection of the retrograde tracer, horseradish peroxidase, into the les resulted in labeling of cells in the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (dmv), with the largest number of cells appearing in two areas, one area rostral to obex (1.5-4.0 mm) and one area caudal to obex (-0.5 to -1.5 mm). in alpha-chloralose-anesthetized cats, l-glutamic acid was microinjected i ...	1990	1701973
calcitonin gene-related peptide-immunoreactive nerves in the rat kidney.	cryostat- and vibratome-cut rat kidney secretions were singly or doubly labeled to visualize immunoreactive calcitonin-gene-related peptide (cgrpi) and substance p (spi). rats were perfused with 2-4% paraformaldehyde + 0.15% picric acid then rinsed with buffer. horseradish peroxidase (hrp) was used to visualize cgrp in vibratome sections, and combined hrp and fluorophore were used to visualize the two peptides simultaneously in cryostat sections. there is a complex, multilayered plexus of cgrp n ...	1991	1701958
location of the motoneurons innervating the transverse mandibular muscle in the guinea pig.	motoneurons supplying the transverse mandibular muscle (tmm) in the guinea pig have been traced by injecting wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase (wga-hrp) in the tmm, and after applying hrp to the mylohyoid nerve. the tmm is bilaterally innervated by 22-36 motoneurons in each trigeminal motor nucleus, forming a column located ventrolaterally along the entire length of the superficial masseter motoneuron group. the axons are incorporated to the mylohyoid nerve. the location, the axon pat ...	1990	1701867
development of the oculomotor and trochlear nuclei in the xenopus toad.	the development of the oculomotor and trochlear nuclei (niii and niv) was studied with the horseradish peroxidase (hrp) and the cobalt labelling techniques in xenopus laevis tadpoles. the earliest labelling of the oculomotor neuroblasts was observed at stage 32. the ipsi- and contralateral nuclei were found in two distinct groups on either side of the brainstem and the oculomotor commissure formed by crossing axons was present at this early stage. the fusion of the two nuclei began at the late l ...	1990	1701864
neurochemical anatomy of fetal hippocampus transplanted into large lesion cavities made in the adult rat brain.	the purpose of the present study was to determine whether neurochemicals normally found within neuron somata, fibers, and terminals of the hippocampal formation would also be present in transplanted hippocampal tissue that had developed in lesion cavities made in adult rat brains by aspiration of the hippocampus and overlying dorsolateral neocortex. embryonic day 15 or 16 rat brian tissue containing hippocampus with some medial pallial anlage was transplanted into the site of hippocampal aspirat ...	1991	1701734
appearance of retrogradely labeled neurons in the rat superior cervical ganglion after injection of wheat-germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase conjugate into the contralateral ganglion.	injection of wheat-germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase conjugate (wga-hrp) into the superior cervical ganglion (scg) of the rat results in accumulation of wga-hrp in sympathetic postganglionic neurons in the contralateral scg. the sympathetic pathways involved and the mechanism underlying the labeling were investigated. the labeling in neurons in the contralateral scg was apparent 6 h after injection and increased in intensity with longer survival times. the number of labeled neurons reached ...	1990	1701690
competitive elisa for the measurement of tau protein in alzheimer's disease.	tau protein is a major component of paired helical filaments (phfs) which constitute the characteristic neurofibrillary tangle lesions observed in alzheimer's disease. two tau mabs have been produced which show distinct patterns of immunoreactivity with intact human tau and with tau incorporated in phfs. the mab 423 recognises phfs but not human tau on immunoblots whereas mab 7/51 reacts with human tau but its epitope is buried within the phf and is only exposed after formic acid treatment. a co ...	1990	1701471
experiments on the use of damp to study retina and cultured neurons.	immunocytochemical localization of damp, a reagent used to detect low ph intracellular compartments, was studied in cultured neurons from rat hippocampus and in frog retinas. we find that damp is more sharply localized and that the immunocytochemical reaction is stronger when horseradish peroxidase or other proteins are included in the medium used to administer damp to the cells. a likely explanation is that the proteins enter acidified endocytic compartments and there provide sites to which dam ...	1990	1701464
novel and sensitive noncompetitive (two-site) immunoassay for haptens with emphasis on peptides.	a novel and sensitive noncompetitive (two-site) enzyme immunoassay is described to measure attomole amounts of haptens, especially small peptides, which cannot be bound simultaneously by two different antibodies directed to the corresponding two different epitopes on the hapten molecules; consequently, they cannot be measured by the conventional two-site immunoassays. the principle of the assay is to label haptens to be measured with an appropriate substance, so that the hapten molecule can be b ...	1990	1701368
in the rat medial nucleus accumbens, hippocampal and catecholaminergic terminals converge on spiny neurons and are in apposition to each other.	the nucleus accumbens septi (acb) represents an interface between limbic and motor systems and a site for modulation of these integrative functions by ascending catecholaminergic, principally dopaminergic, axons. this modulatory regulation is most likely attributed to pre- or postsynaptic associations between limbic telencephalic and brainstem afferents. in the present investigation, we examined the ultrastructure and synaptic associations of hippocampal afferents, as well as their relation to c ...	1990	1701338
a different type of vertebrate thalamic organization.	the presence of a reptilian thalamic reticular nucleus was investigated in caiman crocodilus. injections of horseradish peroxidase made into the dorsal thalamus produced retrogradely labeled neurons in the nucleus of the dorsal peduncle of the lateral forebrain bundle. a separate population of thalamic neurons located in the nucleus of the dorsal peduncle of the lateral forebrain bundle with morphology different from those neurons projecting to the dorsal thalamus were found to be immunoreactive ...	1990	1701334
origin of infrasound sensitive neurones in the papilla basilaris of the pigeon: an hrp study.	infrasound sensitive afferent fibres recorded in the pigeon cochlear ganglion were marked by intracellular injections of horseradish peroxidase (hrp). all stained fibres were found to innervate hair cells in the basilar membrane between 90 and 950 microns from its apical end. no fibres to the macula lagenae were found. nine of the 10 completely stained fibres contacted hair cells located abneurally on the free basilar membrane, the tenth ended over the neural limbus near its abneural border. all ...	1990	1701169
targeted killing of yeast expressing a hiv-1 peptide by antibody-conjugated glucose oxidase and horseradish peroxidase.	the epitope recognized by monoclonal antibody directed against the hiv-1 recombinant gp160 protein was precisely delineated by using a number of peptides comprising amino acid positions 302-330 of the protein. two different enzymes, glucose oxidase and horseradish peroxidase, were then coupled to distinct antibody molecules and the efficacy of the immunoenzymes in killing yeast cells which express the recognized peptide was evaluated by flow cytometry analysis. the antibody-glucose oxidase conju ...	1990	1701163
somatotopic organization in the sensory innervation of the rat hindlimb during development, using half dorsal root ganglia as subsegmental units.	the aim of the present study was to determine the somatotopy of the sensory innervation of the rat hindlimb at the level of the dorsal root ganglia (drgs) during the fetal and postnatal period. injections of wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase (wga-hrp) were made into the hindlimb of fetal and postnatal rats. these injections result in completely and partially labeled drgs. partial labeling always concerns the rostral or caudal half of a drg. using half drgs as subsegmental units, a des ...	1990	1700920
pharmacokinetics of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor studied in the rat by a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.	a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the measurement of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhg-csf) in rat serum was developed using anti-rhg-csf fab'-horseradish peroxidase conjugate. this assay method measured rhg-csf in rat serum with greater sensitivity than a bioassay. also, a good agreement between enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and bioassay was observed with rat serum samples after administration of rhg-csf. the pharmacokinetics of rhg-csf were investi ...	1990	1700818
projections from the lateral geniculate nucleus to the hypothalamus of the mongolian gerbil (meriones unguiculatus): an anterograde and retrograde tracing study.	the lateral geniculate nucleus of the thalamus sends efferents to the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus, which is involved in generation and entrainment of several circadian rhythms. it seems reasonable to believe that the lateral geniculate conveys visual information about the length of the photoperiod to the circadian oscillator. in order to study in more detail the topographical relationship between the lateral geniculate and the suprachiasmatic nucleus, anterograde tracing with phaseolus ...	1990	1700802
hypothalamic galanin-immunoreactive neurons projecting to the posterior lobe of the rat pituitary: a combined retrograde tracing and immunohistochemical study.	to identify the galanin-immunoreactive neurons projecting to the posterior lobe of the pituitary in the rat hypothalamus, a retrograde tracer (complex of wheat germ agglutinin-enzymatically inactive horseradish peroxidase-colloidal gold) was injected into the posterior lobe of the pituitary. sections of the hypothalamus were treated with a combination of silver enhancement of retrogradely transported tracer and immunohistochemistry of galanin. of the total number of hypothalamic cells doubly lab ...	1990	1700801
changes in glycoconjugates revealed by lectin staining in the developing airways of syrian golden hamsters.	lectin binding was studied in the developing airways of syrian golden hamsters on gestational days 11-16 (day 16 is the day of birth). the trachea and lungs were fixed in 4% formaldehyde-1% glutaraldehyde, 6% mercuric chloride-1% sodium acetate-0.1% glutaraldehyde, and 95% ethanol; embedded in paraffin; and stained with eight lectin-horseradish peroxidase conjugates: triticum vulgare (wga), dolichos biflorus (dba), helix pomatia (hpa), maclura pomifera (mpa), griffonia simplicifolia i-b4 (gsa i- ...	1990	1700650
central distribution of the stapedius motoneurons in the rat--a study of topographical anatomy and hrp transport experiments.	a detailed anatomical description of the stapedius muscle area in the rat was given and on this basis the central distribution of the neurons innervating the stapedius muscle was investigated by the horseradish peroxidase transport method. the stapedius muscle showed a circum-pennate structure with a para-centrally located tendon and was composed of about 500 muscle fibers. it contained no special sensory structures and was innervated by a single branch of the facial nerve consisting of myelinat ...	1990	1700571
[immunoenzyme method of determination of human alpha2-macroglobulin].	highly sensitive, specific immunoenzymatic assay for human alpha 2-macroglobulin was developed using solid phase "sandwich" procedure. the immunoenzymatic assay developed involved the following steps: 1. preparation of highly purified alpha 2-macroglobulin, 2. production of monospecific antiserum against the protein, 3. preparation of the immunoenzymatic assay system components--isolation of antibodies against alpha 2-macroglobulin, conjugation of these antibodies with horseradish peroxidase, st ...	1990	1700548
ultrastructural evidence of synaptic contacts between substance p-, enkephalin-, and serotonin-immunoreactive terminals and retrogradely labeled sympathetic preganglionic neurons in the rat: a study using a double-peroxidase procedure.	a double-peroxidase procedure was used to study the ultrastructural relationships between terminals and fibers containing three putative neurotransmitters and retrogradely identified sympathetic preganglionic neurons (spns) located in the intermediolateral cell column (iml) of the rat. spns with axons in the cervical sympathetic trunk were retrogradely labeled with horseradish peroxidase. in addition, terminals and fibers containing substance p, enkephalin, and serotonin were detected using immu ...	1990	1700484
direct projections of non-pyramidal neurons of ammon's horn to the amygdala and the entorhinal cortex.	when wga-hrp (wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase conjugate) was injected into the amygdala (lateral and basolateral amygdaloid nuclei) or entorhinal cortex of the cat, a number of nonpyramidal neurons in ammon's horn were retrogradely labeled. the results indicate that some non-pyramidal neurons in ammon's horn send projection fibers to the amygdala and entorhinal cortex.	1990	1700341
direct projections from the globus pallidus to the inferior colliculus in the rat.	a retrograde and anterograde wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase (wga-hrp) study in the rat indicated that some neurons in the globus pallidus (gp) sent their axons ipsilaterally to the inferior colliculus (ic). these neuronal cell bodies were located in the ventrolateral portions of the caudal part of the gp, and their axons were distributed mainly in the peripheral region of the external cortex of the ic.	1990	1700339
quantification of acute phase proteins in rat serum and in the supernatants of a cultured rat hepatoma cell line and cultured primary hepatocytes by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.	an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) has been developed to measure acute phase reactants (aprs) in rat serum. rat aprs of alpha 2-macroglobulin, alpha 1-acid glycoprotein (agp), haptoglobin (hp), haemopexin (hpx), cysteine protease inhibitor (cpi), albumin (alb) and transferrin (tf) were purified from the plasma of turpentine treated rats. fab' fragments from each igg fraction were labelled with horseradish peroxidase (pod) by the maleimide method and the assay was performed using a sand ...	1990	1700017
single fiber studies of ascending input to the cuneate nucleus of cats: ii. postsynaptic afferents.	the morphology of single postsynaptic afferent fibers terminating in the feline cuneate nucleus was investigated by using transport of phasolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin from the cervical spinal cord and intraaxonal injections of horseradish peroxidase into identified postsynaptic fibers in the cuneate fasciculus. injections of phaseolus in c5 and c6 of both rhizotomized and non-rhizotomized cats gave similar results and confirmed previous observations with other techniques. in one animal with th ...	1990	1699979
intracellular recordings from supporting cells in the guinea pig cochlea: dc potentials.	1. supporting cells and hair cells from the low-frequency region of the guinea pig cochlea were studied in vivo using intracellular recording and horseradish-peroxidase (hrp) marking techniques. 2. the response of third- and fourth-turn support cells to tone bursts is composed of a number of components: an ac component at the frequency of the stimulating tone, harmonic components, a dc component present at the onset of the stimulating tone (the early dc), a slowly developing depolarization, and ...	1990	1698939
synaptic organization of tectal-facial pathways in cat. ii. synaptic potentials following midbrain tegmentum stimulation.	1. the organization of the synaptic pathways underlying midbrain tegmentum influence over the facial musculature was studied with the use of an acute electrophysiological approach in the cat. under pentobarbital sodium anesthesia, synaptic potentials were recorded intracellularly in antidromically identified facial motoneurons following electrical stimulation of the paralemniscal zone. the cells of origin and the pathways responsible for the potentials evoked from the paralemniscal zone were def ...	1990	1698936
o-antigen biotin conjugates. preparation and use in direct competitive enzyme immunoassays.	bacterial o-antigens coupled to biotin were shown to function well as labelled antigens in direct enzyme immunoassay. o-polysaccharides released from lipopolysaccharides by mild acid hydrolysis were oxidized by sodium periodate at sites located within the lipopolysaccharide inner core region and the generated aldehyde groups were subjected to reductive amination with 1,3-diaminopropane to yield per-aminated o-polysaccharide derivatives. biotin was coupled to the introduced amino groups by way of ...	1990	1698876
lateral magnocellular thalamic nucleus in rabbits: architecture and projections to cingulate cortex.	the lateral magnocellular nucleus (lm) contains the largest neurons in the rabbit thalamus, yet its cortical connections have not been described. this study evaluates the architecture, cingulate cortical connections, and spontaneous rate of neuronal discharges in lm. at its maximal mediolateral extent in coronal sections, lm underlies the laterodorsal and lateroposterior nuclei. it has a short medial and long lateral limb, both of which have high levels of cytochrome oxidase activity. on the bas ...	1990	1698839
neuronal connections between the cerebellar nuclei and hypothalamus in macaca fascicularis: cerebello-visceral circuits.	the purpose of this study was to identify the basic pattern of interconnections between the cerebellar nuclei and hypothalamus in macaca fascicularis. the distribution of retrogradely labeled cells and anterogradely filled cerebellofugal axons in the hypothalamus of m. fascicularis was investigated after pressure injections of a horseradish peroxidase mixture (hrp + wga-hrp) in the cerebellar nuclei. following injections in the lateral, anterior, and posterior interposed cerebellar nuclei retrog ...	2006	1698835
fine structure of the lateral mammillary projection to the dorsal tegmental nucleus of gudden in the rat.	the synaptic organization of projections from the lateral mammillary neurons within the dorsal tegmental nucleus of gudden is studied in the rat with the aid of anterograde transport of horseradish peroxidase conjugated with wheat germ agglutinin (wga-hrp) and visualized with tetramethylbenzidine. the dorsal tegmental nucleus consists of the pars ventralis (tdv) and the pars dorsalis (tdd). the normal neuropil of the dorsal tegmental nucleus contains three classes of axodendritic terminals, that ...	1990	1698833
peripheral and central terminations of hypoglossal afferents innervating lingual tactile mechanoreceptor complexes in fringillidae.	injections of cholera toxin b subunit conjugated to horseradish peroxidase (ctb-hrp) were made into the lingual branch of the hypoglossal nerve in four species of finch in order to identify the innervation of the mechanoreceptors of the dermal papillae of the tongue, and simultaneously to determine the pattern of central projections of lingual hypoglossal afferents. the results showed that hypoglossal fibers innervate all the herbst corpuscles and terminal cell receptors of the elaborately organ ...	1990	1698831
corticocortical connections predict patches of stimulus-evoked metabolic activity in monkey somatosensory cortex.	stimulus-evoked metabolic activity in the anterior parietal cortex (areas 3a, 3b, 1, and 2) occurs in the form of column-like patches. similar patches characterize the connections to, within, and from these fields. the relation of the patches elicited metabolically to those formed by retrograde or anterograde transport, however, is not clear. if a type of projection connecting areas 3a, 3b, 1, and 2 transmits sensory information among these cortical fields, the resultant projection pattern may d ...	1990	1698827
development of the lateral geniculate nucleus: interactions between retinal afferent, cytoarchitectonic, and glial cell process lamination in ferrets and tree shrews.	we have studied the relationship of retinal afferents, glial cell processes, and neuronal cytoarchitectonics in the lateral geniculate nucleus (lgn) of two species: tree shrews (tupaia belangeri) and ferrets (mustela putoris). both species are relatively immature at birth, allowing the development of these features to be studied in the perinatal period. retinal afferents, visualized by intraocular injection of a wheat germ agglutinin/horseradish peroxidase conjugate (wga-hrp), are apparently the ...	1990	1698826
a practical approach to routine immunostaining of paraffin sections in the microwave oven.	the streptavidin-biotin complex (sabc) immunostaining method can be carried out by performing the rinsing and blocking steps and in addition the incubation with the primary and the secondary antibody sera in the microwave oven. irradiation of the streptavidin-biotin complex reduces stain activity due to destruction of horseradish peroxidase (hrp) (boon & kok, 1988). therefore, we decided not to perform this step in the microwave oven. the microwave incubations can be performed using antisera dil ...	2006	1698750
background-protein effects on fluorophotometric data.	fluorescent tracers are commonly used in fluorophotometric studies of ocular fluids and tissues that contain background protein. background-protein concentrations were found to decrease or increase significantly the measure of fluorescence emitted from solutions containing sodium fluorescein, fluorescein-labeled dextran, or fluorescein-labeled horseradish peroxidase. the effect of background protein on fluorescence was expressed as a function of the specific fluorescent tracer, tracer concentrat ...	2005	1698738
epitope mapping of horseradish peroxidase with use of monoclonal antibodies.	nine mouse monoclonal antibodies (mabs) to horseradish peroxidase (hrp) were used to develop an epitope map of the enzyme. the results of a competitive binding assay indicated three distinct patterns of reactivity. two groups of mabs (i and iii) recognized epitopes located in separate antigenic regions on the molecule; another (ii) bound to sites that overlapped with epitopes in either region i or iii. further definition of these regions was obtained by analyzing the mabs for their binding to is ...	1990	1698707
nonradioactive in situ nick translation combined with counterstaining: characterization of c-band and silver positive regions in mouse testicular cells.	the dnase i sensitivity of three different chromatin regions in mouse testicular cells was analysed by in situ nick translation with biotin-dutp combined with various counterstaining techniques. the regions were: (i) the constitutive centromeric heterochromatin, (ii) an interstitial c-band positive insertion on chromosome 1, is(hsr1;c5)1lub, and (iii) the chromatin containing rdna (designated nucleolar chromatin herein). incorporated biotin was detected either by the horseradish peroxidase react ...	1990	1698589
maturation of projections from occipital cortex to the ventrolateral geniculate and superior colliculus in postnatal hamsters.	the development of corticofugal axons from the posterior cortex of young (ages p3-p11, p15 and p22) and adult syrian hamsters was investigated by anterograde axonal transport of wheat germ agglutinin conjugated to horseradish peroxidase (wga-hrp). on p3 and p4, 30 h after tracer was deposited in the cortex, the hrp reaction product was observed in the dorsal nucleus of the lateral geniculate body and in the lateral posterior nucleus of the thalamus, but no labeled axons were observed in the vent ...	1990	1698573
morphology of central terminations of low-threshold trigeminal primary afferents from facial skin in the cat--intra-axonal staining with hrp.	intra-axonal recording and horseradish peroxidase (hrp) injection techniques were employed to examine the response properties of low-threshold mechanoreceptive afferents and the morphological characteristics of their axon arbors in the main sensory nucleus (vp) and oral nucleus (vo). thirteen afferents were characterized and recovered. one gave fast or rapidly adapting (fa) and 3 slowly adapting (sa) responses to mystacial vibrissa deflection, 5 were sensitive to deflection of non-vibrissae hair ...	1990	1698516
conduction velocity distribution of afferent fibers innervating the rat urinary bladder.	the conduction velocities of individual afferent fibers innervating the rat urinary bladder were determined by the antidromic stimulation of dorsal roots while recording from bladder postganglionic nerves. conduction velocities ranged from 0.5 to 21.0 m/s; 70% of the velocities were less than 2.5 m/s. the distribution within the dorsal roots was ipsilateral with 84% in l6 and 16% in s1. neuroanatomical tracing with horseradish peroxidase applied to individual bladder postganglionic nerves result ...	1990	1698508
a direct cerebello-telencephalic projection in an electrosensory mormyrid fish.	after injections of the posterior part of the lateral zone of the area dorsalis telencephalic (dlp) with either horseradish peroxidase or the newly available carbocyanine dye dii, efferent cells were labeled in the valvula cerebelli of the mormyrid fish, gnathonemus petersii. this may be a unique connection for this group of electrosensory teleosts, since no other vertebrate has ever been reported before to have a direct cerebello-telencephalic projection.	2006	1698507
ascending afferents to the lateral cervical nucleus are enriched in glutamate-like immunoreactivity: a combined anterograde transport-immunogold study in the cat.	to investigate whether glutamate (glu) may be a transmitter in terminals of ascending afferents to the lateral cervical nucleus (lcn), these terminals were identified by anterograde transport of wheatgerm agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase from the spinal cord, and their content of glu-like immunoreactivity (glu-li) was assessed at the ultrastructural level by the immunogold technique. the gold particle density over the peroxidase-positive terminals of the spinocervical tract (sct) was significan ...	1990	1698503
the ipsilateral cortico-cortical connections of area 7b, pf, in the parietal and temporal lobes of the monkey.	the cortico-cortical connections of area 7b (or pf) in the parietal and temporal lobes of the monkey have been studied with the method of axoplasmic transport of horseradish peroxidase (hrp). area 7b is reciprocally and precisely connected with area 5, the second somatic sensory area (sii), the retroinsular area, the granular insular area (ig), area 23 of the cingulate cortex and with the cortex in the walls of the superior temporal sulcus. area 7b is not interconnected with area 7a (pg) nor wit ...	1990	1698108
extracellular labeling of unmyelinated dorsal root terminals after wga-hrp injections in spinal ganglia.	wheat germ agglutinin conjugated to horseradish peroxidase (wga-hrp) is a widely used neuroanatomical tracer. when compared with other tracers, wga-hrp may preferentially label unmyelinated fibers. in agreement with this hypothesis, injections of wga-hrp in cervical and lumbar dorsal root ganglia resulted in more prominent light microscopical labeling in superficial than deep laminae of the dorsal horn. however, ultrastructural examination of these laminae reveals a paucity of terminal labeling ...	1990	1698107
synaptic organization of septal projections in the rat medial habenula: a wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase and immunohistochemical study.	the synaptic organization of septal inputs to the rat habenular complex of the dorsal diencephalon was examined employing the anterograde tracer wheat germ agglutinin conjugated to horseradish peroxidase (wga-hrp). the cellular distribution of substance p (sp) and choline acetyltransferase (chat) immunoreactivity was also studied at the light and electron microscopic level. following placements of tracer within the entire septum, labeled axons were observed in the stria medullaris and in the med ...	1990	1697989
explanation for the labeling of cervical motoneurons in young rats following the introduction of horseradish peroxidase into the calf.	this study was carried out to determine whether cervical motoneurons, labeled following the introduction of horseradish peroxidase into the rat hind leg, belong to the cutaneous trunci motoneuron pool. the cutaneous trunci is a superficial muscle that extends from the axilla, over the flank, and into the thigh. its nerve supply is derived from the brachial plexus. in experimental animals, horseradish peroxidase was either injected directly into the right gastrocnemius muscles, or applied to gelf ...	1990	1697865
topographic intermingling of striatonigral and striatopallidal neurons in the rhesus monkey.	the topography and interrelationship of striatofugal neurons have been examined using a double retrograde tracing paradigm to label striatopallidal and striatonigral neurons in the same neostriatum. the rostral globus pallidus and the rostral substantia nigra in the same hemisphere were injected simultaneously with fluorescent tracers in three monkeys. in addition, the caudal globus pallidus and the caudal substantia nigra were injected separately in a fourth and fifth monkey with a fluorescent ...	1990	1697864
evidence for a rostrocaudal organization in dorsal root ganglia during development as demonstrated by intra-uterine wga-hrp injections into the hindlimb of rat fetuses.	the development of the sensory innervation of the rat hindlimb was studied with special attention to the dorsal root ganglia and the lumbar plexus. injections of wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase were made into the hindlimb of 30 rat fetuses of gestational ages ranging from embryonic day 15-18. additionally wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase was applied to the sciatic nerves of 8 neonatal rats and 3 adults. the saphenous nerves of 2 neonatal rats were labeled. injections of ...	1990	1697796
uptake and retrograde transport of [3h]gaba from the cochlear nucleus to the superior olive in the guinea pig.	the purpose of the present study is to determine which descending projections to the cochlear nucleus may use gamma-aminobutyric acid (gaba) as a neurotransmitter. [3h]gaba (120 microm) was injected into the cochlear nucleus of albino and pigmented guinea pigs. after survival times between 0.25 and 16 h, the brain stems were prepared for light microscopic autoradiography. after 2 h survival there was a pulse of label, which progressed through the fibres from the cochlear nucleus to the ipsilater ...	1990	1697753
analysis of neuronal networks: a review of techniques for labeling axonal projections.	in order to analyze connections between neurons in the vertebrate central nervous system, methods have been developed to label a given population of axons of known origin so that they can be differentiated from other, non-labeled structures. three such methods are reviewed here: experimentally induced orthograde (wallerian) degeneration, axon transport of radioactive proteins demonstrated by autoradiography, and axon transport of macromolecules that can be reacted histochemically to yield a visi ...	1990	1697336
highly sensitive enzyme immunoassays for antibodies to human tumor necrosis factor (tnf-alpha) and lymphotoxin (tnf-beta).	two 'inverse sandwich' enzyme immunoassays (elisas) were developed for the detection and quantification of antibodies to human tumor necrosis factor (tnf-alpha) and lymphotoxin (tnf-beta), respectively. in these one-step assays, antibodies present in the sample linked antigen which had been covalently coupled to horseradish peroxidase to antigen bound to a solid phase (microtiter plates). the limits of detection of the assays were lower than those of neutralization bioassays; antibodies to tnf-a ...	1990	1697319
anterograde transsynaptic transport of wga-hrp from spinal afferents to postganglionic sympathetic cells of the stellate ganglion of the guinea pig.	after injection of wheat germ agglutinin conjugated horseradish peroxidase (wga-hrp) or choleragenoid conjugated hrp (b-hrp) into lower cervical and upper thoracic dorsal root ganglia (drg), hrp reaction product was observed in peripheral fibers of spinal afferents and in postganglionic cell bodies of the stellate ganglion (sg) in the guinea pig. after wga-hrp injection into c8-t3 or t5 drg, hrp-labelled cells were observed to cluster at the rami within the sg, with peak labelling observed 36 h ...	1990	1697207
structure-function relationships in rat brain stem subnucleus interpolaris. viii. cortical inputs.	1. spinal trigeminal (spv) subnucleus interpolaris (spvi) receives inputs from trigeminal (v) first- and second-order neurons, monoamine-containing brain stem nuclei, and somatosensory cortex. prior studies suggest that spvi receptive-field (rf) properties cannot be predicted solely on the basis of primary afferent inputs. to assess the cortico-v projection and its role in spvi rfs, anatomic and electrophysiological experiments were conducted. 2. phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (pha-l) or whe ...	1990	1696961
projections from the medial agranular cortex to brain stem visuomotor centers in rats.	projections from medial agranular cortex to brain stem in rat were determined by use of the anterograde tracers phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, or wheat germ agglutinin conjugated horseradish peroxidase. axonal trajectories were also followed by means of the wiitanen modification of the fink-heimer degeneration technique. agm was identified on the basis of its cytoarchitectonics. agm projected to the anterior pretectal nucleus, the rostral interstitial nucleus of the medial longitudinal fasc ...	1990	1696906
assessment of protein kinase c isozymes by enzyme immunoassay and overexpression of type ii in thyroid adenocarcinoma.	a two site enzyme immunoassay which quantitatively identifies types i, ii, and iii of protein kinase c isozymes has been designed. the soluble protein kinase c isozymes were selectively immobilized by type-specific monoclonal antibodies, mc-1a, -2a, and -3a (h. hidaka et al., j biol. chem., 263: 4523-4526, 1988) which bind to the regulatory domain (nh2-terminal side) of protein kinase c. the amount of each isozyme was then determined using a horseradish peroxidase-conjugated polyclonal antibody ...	1990	1696850
in vitro fluid and particle transport in the murine endolymphatic sac.	the murine endolymphatic sac (els) can survive for several weeks in tissue culture. the epithelial cells mature in vitro and demonstrate functional activity under these artificial conditions. the goal of the present study was to investigate fluid and particle transport between the els cells, the els lumen, and the surrounding tissue culture medium. a series of tracers, including anti-mouse igg-labelled colloidal gold, horseradish peroxidase (hrp), and ruthenium red (rr) were used to elucidate di ...	1990	1696771
liposomes as carriers of cisplatin into the central nervous system--experiments with 9l gliomas in rats.	the anticancer agent cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (cisplatin) has several disadvantages, including extreme nephrotoxicity, rapid binding to plasma proteins, and poor penetration of the central nervous system. in this study liposomes, which can cross the blood-brain barrier, were investigated for their potential in delivering therapeutic agents to brain tumors. liposomes prepared from egg phosphatidylcholine and cholesterol in a 3:1 molar ratio were divided into 1-ml aliquots and either labeled w ...	1990	1696693
a 'puff and advance' technique for visually controlled staining of turtle retinal ganglion cells.	we describe a 'puff and advance' technique for visually controlled staining of retinal ganglion cells (gcs) in the unfixed, living retina for light and electron microscopy. glass microelectrodes are filled with rhodamine-isothiocyanate labeled horseradish peroxidase (rh-hrp), or lucifer yellow (ly), or a mixture of both, or with 5,6-carboxytetramethylrhodamine (5,6-rh) and advanced tangentially through the gc layer with microscopic observation using epifluorescence. brief "puffs" of ly or 5,6-rh ...	1990	1696675
horseradish peroxidase labeling of the central pathways in the medulla of the ampullary nerves in the chicken, gallus gallus.	the purpose of the present study was to place horseradish peroxidase on the distal processes of the three ampullary nerves in 6-8-week-old chickens so that we could identify the ganglion cells associated with each nerve and trace the specific central pathways taken by each nerve in the brainstem. we are especially interested in the pathways of the colossal vestibular fibers, which may play a role in a fast reflex pathway as suggested by their large caliber and electrotonic mode of transmission i ...	1990	1696590
morphologic and biochemical study of vascular permeability of the middle ear mucosa in experimental otitis media.	the vascular permeability of the middle ear mucosa of chinchillas was examined by light and electron microscopy using horseradish peroxidase (hrp). two kinds of experimental otitis media were used: serous otitis media (som) produced by eustachian tube obstruction and purulent otitis media (pom) produced by inoculation with streptococcus pneumoniae type 7f. normal mucosa showed no leakage of hrp. in som, vessels were dilated and tortuous, but they did not show hrp leakage. in pom, vessel leakage ...	1990	1696441
serotonergic projections from the nodose ganglia to the nucleus tractus solitarius: an immunohistochemical and double labeling study in the rat.	possible projections of serotonin (5-ht)-immunoreactive neurons in the nodose ganglia (ng) to the nucleus tractus solitarius (nts) were investigated in the rat using a double labeling method combining retrograde transport and 5-ht immunohistochemistry. after injection of a complex of colloidal gold-apo-horseradish peroxidase into the medio-caudal and commissural parts of the nts, most of the 5-ht-immunoreactive neurons were found to be labelled by the gold complex. the present study provides dir ...	1990	1696365
localization of lateral hypothalamic neurons projecting to the medial part of the parabrachial area of the rat.	we recently showed that electrical self-stimulation registered in the medial part of the parabrachial area, as well as the preference-aversion threshold to saccharin solutions were both significantly altered following ibotenic acid lesion of the lateral hypothalamic neurons. in order to identify the location of the neurons in the lateral hypothalamus directly projecting to the parabrachial area, we injected in the medial part of this area the retrograde tracer wheat germ agglutinin-inactive hors ...	1990	1696364
demonstration of extensive brainstem projections to medial and lateral thalamus and hypothalamus in the rat.	we use the method of retrograde transport of colloidal gold with silver intensification to map locations of brainstem neurons projecting to various nuclei of the medial and lateral thalamus (menetrey, histochemistry 83, 391-395, 1985; seeley and field, brain res. 449, 177-191, 1988). in rats injections of less than 1.0 microliters of a gold-wheatgerm agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase complex were restricted to the centrum medianum, centralis lateralis, medialis dorsalis, zona incerta, ventrobasa ...	1990	1696363
development and retraction of a crossed retinal projection to the inferior colliculus in neonatal pigmented rats.	a transient aberrant projection from the retina to the contralateral inferior colliculus was demonstrated in pigmented rats in both whole-brains and sections following intra-ocular injection of horseradish peroxidase. the projection was prominent on the day of birth but reached its maximum density and extent after injection on day 1, when it covered at least a third of the inferior colliculus. it was absent or nearly absent by day 5. its consistency, size, orderliness and systematic retraction s ...	1990	1696360
the trigeminal sensory innervation to the middle ear, eustachian tube, and pharynx: a study by the horseradish peroxidase tracer method.	the trigeminal sensory innervations to the middle ear, the eustachian tube, and the pharynx were examined using the horseradish peroxidase (hrp) method in cats. after hrp application to the middle ear and the eustachian tube, hrp-labeled cells were found mainly in the posterolateral portion and the anteromedial portion of the trigeminal ganglion, respectively. in the case of injection into the epipharynx and the mesopharynx, hrp-labeled cells were found in the anteromedial portion and the poster ...	1990	1696339
[the morphological characteristics of the callosal neurons of the first auditory area of the cortex (ai) in the cat].	cortical stratification of callosal neurons in the primary auditory cortex (ai) of cat was studied by means of horseradish peroxidase (hrp). two main groups of callosal neurons were revealed. the first group comprising 60% of all ai callosal neurons consisted predominantly of layer iii large pyramidal neurons. average area of these pyramidal neuron perikaryon profiles was 261.8 +/- 8.8 microns2. the number of hrp-labelled callosal neurons in layer iii was 22% of all cells in this layer. the seco ...	1990	1695995
pre- and post-ganglionic nerve fibres of the pterygopalatine ganglion and their allocation to the eyeball of rats.	the origin, course and distribution of pre- and postganglionic neurons of the pterygopalatine ganglion (ppg) in the rat were studied using acetylcholinesterase staining, wheat germ agglutinin coupled to horseradish peroxidase (wga-hrp) histochemistry and autoradiography. these methods were used in a selected and planned fashion to reveal details concerning the innervation of the lacrimal gland and portions of the eye. the ppg in rats consists of a rostral triangular portion and additional perika ...	1990	1695865
descending projections from the dorsolateral pontine tegmentum to the paramedian reticular nucleus of the caudal medulla in the cat.	we examined whether the dorsolateral pontine cholinergic cells project to the paramedian reticular nucleus (prn) of the caudal medulla. in 3 cats, wheat germ agglutinin-conjugated horseradish peroxidase (wga-hrp) was injected into the prn and we noted cells in the dorsolateral pons that contained the hrp reaction product, cells that were immunolabeled for choline acetyltransferase (chat), and cells that contained the hrp reaction product and were chat positive. we found cholinergic projections f ...	1990	1695862
lympho-epithelial interactions in the turtle chrysemys scrypta elegans.	the morphological relationships present in the areas of lymphoid infiltration found in the esophagus in chrysemys scripta elegans were studied by the use of light and transmission electron microscopy. these infiltrations are widespread and can be observed in the lamina propria and the covering epithelium. electron microscopy reveals the presence of epithelial cells with differing characteristics at the apex of the lymphoid infiltrations. the introduction of horseradish peroxidase (hrp) into the ...	1990	1695064
corpuscular bodies in the palate of the rat. 2. innervation and central projection.	the source of innervation of the corpuscular bodies in the palate and the central projections of the afferent fibres of the entire palate was studied in rats by transganglionic transport of horseradish peroxidase conjugated to wheat germ agglutinin (wga-hrp) and with substance p (sp) immunohistochemistry. wga-hrp injected into the incisal papilla was taken up by the nerve fibres that terminated in the corpuscles. retrogradely labelled neurons were observed in the trigeminal ganglion as well as a ...	1990	1695055
[studies on the involvement of bradykinin in the formation of ischemic brain edema].	bradykinin (bk) is known to be involved in the inflammatory process causing various tissue reactions such as peripheral vasodilation and increased vascular permeability. the aims of this study was to investigate the involvement of the kallikrein-kinin system (k-k system) in the generation and progression of cerebral edema following an ischemic incident. first, after infusion of bk into the internal carotid artery, the cerebral water content was measured and electron microscopic observations were ...	1990	1694863
use of the biotin-avidin system for labelling, isolation and characterization of neural cell-surface proteins.	we describe a method for the selective labelling, isolation and electrophoretic analysis of cell-surface molecules and extracellular matrix components. intact tissues are reacted with activated esters of biotin and the labelled surface molecules identified on western blots with horseradish-peroxidase-coupled or 35s-labelled streptavidin. alternatively, the biotinylated proteins can be purified from tissue homogenates by affinity chromatography on an avidin-agarose column. evidence is presented t ...	1990	1694760
direct striatothalamic projections in the neonatal rat.	employing anterograde axonal transport of wheat germ agglutinin conjugated to horseradish peroxidase and retrograde axonal transport of fluorescent tracers, we provided evidence for the existence of direct striatothalamic projections in the neonatal rat. the major terminal sites included the ventromedial, centrolateral and parafascicular thalamic nuclei. cells of origin of these projections were aggregated in a mosaic fashion. the fact that such pathways do not exist in the adult suggests that t ...	1990	1694744
auditory brainstem of the ferret: bilateral cochlear lesions in infancy do not affect the number of neurons projecting from the cochlear nucleus to the inferior colliculus.	unilateral cochlear removal in infancy produces a number of changes in the structure and physiology of the central auditory system. to test the role that interaural competition plays in this plasticity, ferrets were reared with bilateral cochlear removals from the fourth postnatal week; before the time of the normal onset of auditory function. the totality of the removals was confirmed using brainstem response audiometry and cochlear histology. following 3-month survival, the animals were inject ...	1990	1694743
diagnostic utility of a mouse monoclonal antibody (5-21-3) employed as a competitive probe in an immunoassay to detect antibody to hiv-1 gp41.	a mouse monoclonal antibody, designated 5-21-3, was raised against hiv-1 gp41 using detergent-disrupted virus as the immunogen. antibody 5-21-3 was conjugated to horseradish peroxidase (hrp) and employed as a competitive probe against normal and hiv-1 antibody-positive sera in an immunoassay to detect the presence of antibody to hiv-1 gp41. the diagnostic utility of the competitive monoclonal immunoassay was assessed by correlation to a similar assay which employed hrp-labeled polyclonal igg fro ...	1990	1694452
a neuron-specific antigen in c. elegans allows visualization of the entire nervous system.	in the present work, i describe an antiserum that specifically stains all neurons in c. elegans. this probe should facilitate developmental studies in this organism in the same way as anti-horseradish peroxidase has in drosophila. the antiserum was raised against an 8 amino acid peptide representing part of an insect neuropeptide precursor, but there are no indications that this cross-reactivity reflects evolutionary homology. the antiserum allows the whole nervous system of c. elegans, includin ...	2006	1694444
morphological evidence for a monosynaptic connection between cerebellar purkinje cells and vestibulospinal tract neurons in the larval clawed toad, xenopus laevis.	a double-labeling technique was used to trace synaptic connections between the efferent neurons of the cerebellum (purkinje cells) and vestibulospinal tract neurons in larvae of the clawed toad, xenopus laevis. the efferent cerebellar projection was labeled with horseradish peroxidase (hrp) while in the same preparations the brainstem neurons projecting to the spinal cord were labeled with cobaltous lysine. it was found that the distribution of the purkinje cell terminal boutons overlaps signifi ...	1990	1694284
discrimination by rabbit anti-idiotypic antibodies of two murine igm monoclonal antibodies directed against lipid a.	two murine igm monoclonal antibodies (mas) directed against the lipid a portion of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (lps) were compared in their binding to re lps and lipid a and their idiotypic make-up with rabbit anti-idiotypic sera. horseradish peroxidase (hrpo)-labelled mas 8-2 and 26-20 bound equally well to re lps. the binding of hrpo-labelled ma 8-2 to synthetic lipid a was low compared to the relatively strong binding of labelled 26-20. the mas proved to be competitive in a competition bindi ...	1990	1694210
projections of the medial cerebellar nucleus to oculomotor-related midbrain areas in the rat: an anterograde and retrograde hrp study.	the mesencephalic projections of the medial cerebellar nucleus (mcn) were studied in the rat by using the method of anterograde transport of wheat germ agglutinin/horseradish peroxidase to establish connections of the nucleus with oculomotor-related nuclei as a basis for its proposed role in eye movement. the principal targets of projections were the supraoculomotor ventral periaqueductal gray (pag) and lateral pag, and paraoculomotor cell groups (nucleus of darkschewitsch and medial accessory n ...	1990	1694191
the output neurones and the dopaminergic neurones of the substantia nigra receive a gaba-containing input from the globus pallidus in the rat.	one of the major pathways of information flow through the basal ganglia is the pallidonigrofugal system. in order to better understand this system in the rat, experiments have been performed to study the topography, synaptic organization, and neurotransmitter content of the pallidonigral projection and to determine whether the pallidonigral neurones make direct synaptic contacts with nigrofugal cells. this was achieved by combining the anterograde transport of the lectin phaseolus vulgaris-leuco ...	1990	1694189
transneuronal transport of wheat germ agglutinin conjugated horseradish peroxidase into last order spinal interneurones projecting to acromio- and spinodeltoideus motoneurones in the cat. 2. differential labelling of interneurones depending on movement type.	transneuronal transport of wheat germ agglutinin conjugated horseradish peroxidase was used to define the location of last order spinal interneurones projecting to deltoideus motoneurones during voluntary target-reaching and/or in unrestricted walking on the ground. labelled interneurones were found bilaterally from c2 to th1 in target-reaching cats and almost exclusively in the c5-th1 segments in walking cats, although the total number of labelled interneurones in these cats was considerably hi ...	1990	1694138
transneuronal transport of wheat germ agglutinin conjugated horseradish peroxidase into last order spinal interneurones projecting to acromio- and spinodeltoideus motoneurones in the cat. 1. location of labelled interneurones and influence of synaptic activity on the transneuronal transport.	transneuronal transport of wheat germ agglutinin conjugated horseradish peroxidase (wga-hrp) was used to define the location of last order spinal interneurones projecting to deltoideus motoneurones in c5-c8 of the cat. labelled interneurones were found bilaterally from rostral c1 to caudal th5 and from l3 to the l4/5 border. ipsilaterally they were located in laminae v-ix, while contralaterally they were confined to lamina viii except for a few cells in laminae vii and ix. to estimate the degree ...	1990	1694137
preservation of the entire population of normally transient ipsilaterally projecting retinal ganglion cells by neonatal lesions in the rat.	the number of ipsilaterally projecting retinal ganglion cells (iprgcs) in developing normal rats and rats which received unilateral thalamic lesion and monocular enucleation at birth was studied using wheat germ agglutinin conjugated to horseradish peroxidase (wga-hrp) as a retrograde neuronal marker. the results showed that the number of iprgcs labelled in day-21 rats which received lesions at birth was comparable to the highest number of iprgcs observed in normal rats on day 0 (day of birth). ...	1990	1694136
mesodiencephalic and cerebellar terminals terminate upon the same dendritic spines in the glomeruli of the cat and rat inferior olive: an ultrastructural study using a combination of [3h]leucine and wheat germ agglutinin coupled horseradish peroxidase anterograde tracing.	the mesodiencephalic and cerebellar afferents in the rostral medial accessory and principal olive of the cat and rat were studied following anterograde transport of tritiated leucine combined with anterograde transport of wheat germ agglutinin coupled horseradish peroxidase in the same animals. in all studied areas at least one-third of the labelled glomeruli appeared to contain both mesodiencephalic and cerebellar terminals. in many of these cases it was found that the terminals from both affer ...	1990	1693761