Publications

tissue-reacting antibodies (evi antibodies) in nifurtimox-treated patients with chagas's disease.	antibodies reacting against endothelial cells, vascular structures, and heart and skeletal muscle cells (evi antibodies) were studied in 10 patients (one to 14 years of age) treated with nifurtimox. the patients were observed for several months to two years after the onset of symptoms of acute infection with trypanosoma cruzi. although these 10 patients were selected because after treatment their sera became negative for antibodies to t. cruzi as detected by the immunofluorescence test, sera fro ...	1978	100564
stress testing and working capacity in chagas' cardiomyopathy.	the ekg response to exercise and the working capacity in a group of 70 patients with positive serology for chagas' disease has been determined by stress testing on a bicycle-ergometer, in order to establish the usefulness of such a test in the early diagnosis of chagas' cardiomyopathy. the exercise ekg provides information which cannot be obtained by other diagnostic procedures, since the stress test can induce or increase ventricular arrhythmia, and is particularly indicated in patients with ch ...	1978	100220
domestic triatomines (reduviidae) and insect trypanosome infections in el salvador, c.a.	twenty-five salvadoran communities have been surveyed to learn more about the distribution of chagas' disease vectors and trypanosome parasites in that country. the results indicate that each of several factors--local variations in housing construction, insecticide applications, geographic elevation, and the vector species involved--can have a critical effect on transmission of the disease agent.	1978	100163
a/jax inbred mice in chemotherapeutic investigations of experimental chagas' disease.	a quick, simple and relatively inexpensive primary screen to test compounds for activity in experimental chagas' disease is described. it involves administration of drug once only at the maximum tolerated dose five minutes after infection to a group of five a/jax inbred mice and the determination of the time to death. the validity of the method was established by the use of standard drugs. high levels of activity were detected with bisquinaldines, arsenobenzenes, 5-nitrofurans and 2-nitroimidazo ...	2001	100065
[reservoirs and vectors of trypanosoma cruzi. lxix. preliminary survey of wild triatominae in the region of triangulo mineiro, mg, brazil].		1978	99771
[neuropathology of chagas' disease].	cns involvement includes: 1) acute phase: scattered focal meningoencephalitic lesions, meningeal and cerebral edema, disseminated microgranulomas containing microgliocytes and situated in relation to cerebral blood vessels, and moderate cerebral fluid pleocytosis. acute chagasic meningoencephalitis is always fatal, and does not become chronic, as occurres with the myocardial lesions; 2) chronic phase: tromboembolic phenomena due to the chronic myocarditis, and cerebral and cerebelar atrophy of o ...	2001	99677
comparative study of kinetoplast dna in culture, blood and intracellular forms of trypanosoma cruzi.	a comparative study has been made on the kinetoplast dna (kdna) from i in culture epimastigote, blood trypomastigote and intracellular amastigote stages of trypanosoma cruzi. the basic properties of the kdna in all 3 forms were identical. thus the dna was in the form of networks of density 1.698-9 g/cm3 and with sedimentation coefficients (s20w) of approximately 5500, the networks being composed of large complexes of minicircular and apparently linear molecules, the former having contour lengths ...	1978	99179
tissue reacting antibodies in a rhesus monkey with long-term trypanosoma cruzi infection.	immunoglobulins (igs) reacting against endothelial and vascular structures and striated muscle cells as well as against cells from a peripheral nerve were detected by indirect immunofluorescent test (iif) in a rhesus monkey infected for 29 yr with trypanosoma cruzi. anti-t. cruzi antibodies in this monkey showed a titer of 1:128 in the iif test and the direct agglutination test. tissue-reacting igs were bound in vivo to the tissues, as was established by direct treatment of a biopsy of the delto ...	1978	99060
[possibility of treatment in chagas' disease].		2001	98813
trypanosoma cruzi: effect of olivacine on macromolecular synthesis, ultrastructure, and respiration of epimastigotes.		1978	98344
purification of a specific antigen of trypanosoma cruzi from culture forms.	a monospecific rabbit antiserum was prepared against a specific component of tryanosoma cruzi epimastigote culture forms (designated antigen 5). rabbits were immunized intradermally in 30-50 sites with the zone of agarose gel in which the component 5:anti-5 complex was visualized after two-dimensional immunoelectrophoresis. with this appropriate antiserum and the total epimastigote soluble extracts, the specific component of t. cruzi was purified by immunoadsorption. purity and specificity contr ...	1978	98064
immunoglobulin concentration in treated human acute chagas disease. a follow-up study.	immunoglobulin m, g, and a concentrations were studied by radial immunodiffusion technique in 16 individuals (two were 16 and 14 yr of age, respectively, while the remaining 14 uere 15 yr of age or less) with acute trypanosoma cruzi infection. serum samples were obtained from these patients beginning with the onset of symptoms and continuing until several months after treatment with nifurtimox was completed. soon after infection the concentration of igm was higher than the average found in healt ...	1978	98063
congenital chagas's disease in an urban population: investigation of infected twins.	in the nordeste de amaralina suburb of salvador bahia, brazil, 47 of 285 pregnant women surveyed had complement fixing antibodies to trypanosoma cruzi. at delivery t. cruzi was detected in one of 17 placentas from the sero-positive women. the offspring of this case were premature twins and t. cruzi was detected in the peripheral blood of each before death. at autopsy the gastro-intestinal tract and urinary bladder of both were severely affected. immunofluorescence tests on cord sera, including t ...	1978	97818
post-mortem diagnosis of chronic chagas's disease comparative evaluation of three serological tests on pericardial fluid.	in an attempt to improve the post-mortem diagnosis of chagas's disease the authors performed haemagglutination tests (hat), fluorescent trypanosoma cruzi antibody tests (fat), and complement fixation tests (cft) on the pericardial fluid obtained at autopsy of 50 individuals with chagas's heart disease, and 93 patients in whom this disease was not thought to be present. the results demonstrate that all three tests are efficient for the post-mortem diagnosis of chagas's disease but suggest that th ...	1978	97817
[reservoirs and wild vectors of trypanosoma cruzi. lxviii: infection of mammals by oral route].		1978	97735
induction of capping in blood-stage trypomastigotes of trypanosoma cruzi by human anti-trypanosoma cruzi antibodies.	the effect of human-specific antibody on surface membrane antigens of trypomastigotes of trypanosoma cruzi was studied in vitro by using immunofluorescence methods. immune sera induced aggregation of surface antigens in trypomastigotes to form polar cell caps.	1978	97230
suppression of cellular responses in mice during trypanosoma cruzi infections.	immunosuppression has been reported to occur in several protozoan parasitic infections. the significance of this suppression on host resistance or on parasite avoidance of immune destruction has not, however, been determined. in the present study two strains of mice that differ with respect to resistance to trypanosoma cruzi were examined during the course of infection for differences in expression of suppression of blastogenic responses to phytohemagglutinin and an antigen preparation of these ...	1978	97228
[arterio-mesenteric occlusion of the duodenum in chagas' disease].	the authors present eight cases of arterio-mesenteric duodenal ileus diagnosed in the serviço de cirurgia de ribeirão preto (são paula--brasil) among 2.573 surgical interventions of digestive tract performed in 15 years. seven (87.5%) cases presented positive complement fixation test for chagas' disease and signs of chagas' cardiopathy and/or enteropathy. comparing similar casuist studies published in brazil, the authors suggest that american trypanosomiasis must be considered as a contributive ...	2000	97143
american trypanosomiasis (chagas' disease) in the caribbean.	chagas' disease (american trypanosomiasis) is endemic in nearly all central and south american countries facing the caribbean basin. since 1960, reports from the islands of aruba, curaçao, jamaica, and trinidad have confirmed the presence of trypanosoma cruzi, blood-sucking triatomine bugs, and wild animals infected with the parasite. it was also established that t. cruzi, triatomine bugs, infected wild animal reservoirs, and people with a positive serologic test for t. cruzi antibodies are to b ...	1978	96895
tissue tropism of different trypanosoma cruzi strains.	a systematic study of the distribution of intracellular parasites in the organs and tissues was performed in groups of mice inoculated with 4 different trypanosoma cruzi strains. an extremely high parasitism of spleen, liver, and bone marrow was observed in mice inoculated with y and berenice strains; with cl strain, however, parasites were almost absent in those organs. bloodstream forms apparently present differences which facilitate or prevent their uptake by macrophages from the mononuclear ...	1978	96243
field trials of slow-release formulations of chlorpyrifos and malathion for the control of chagas's disease vectors.		1979	95561
[disopyramide in the treatment of ventricular extrasystole in chronic chagas' disease].		2001	95160
cytochemical analysis at the fine-structural level of trypanosomatids stained with phosphotungstic acid.	the ethanolic phosphotungstic acid (pta) technic was used to detect, at the fine-structural level, basic proteins in various developmental stages of pathogenic trypanosoma cruzi, and nonpathogenic herpetomonas samuelpessoai, leptomonas samueli, and crithidia deanei, trypanosomatids. reactions were observed in the nucleus of all stages. in the kinetoplast of epimastigote and promastigote forms reactions were noted mainly at the periphery. in trypomastigotes and choanomastigotes forms, however, an ...	1979	94607
antigenic make-up of trypanosoma cruzi culture forms: identification of a specific component.	a comparison of trypanosoma cruzi water soluble antigens with those of stercorarian and salivarian trypanosomes, and leishmania using immunoprecipitation in gels and immunoelectrophoresis, with the aid of hyperimmune rabbit serum and heterologous adsorptions showed the following. 1) there is a high complexity of soluble antigens of t. cruzi and t. rangeli. 2) at the intraspecific level our results demonstrated the antigenic stability of t. cruzi when maintained in vitro, and that there was quant ...	1979	92559
isolation and characterization of a new serodeme of trypanosoma rhodesiense.	the isolation and characterization of a new serodeme of trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense is described. a clone of organisms derived from a human infection produced chronic infections in mice. additional clones of differing antigenic specificities were isolated from peaks of parasitemia which occurred in these mice. the variable antigen types (vats) of these clones were determined by agglutination, immunofluorescence, and protection of actively immunized mice. thirteen distinct vats were isolated a ...	1979	92203
mode of action of a 5-nitrofuran drug (sq 18506) against trypanosoma cruzi.		1979	87384
histological and histochemical changes of the skeletal muscle in human chronic chagas' disease.	gastrocnemius muscle biopsies were performed in 7 subjects with chronic chagas' disease. on clinical and laboratory grounds the selected patients were judged to be healthy, being the only abnormality found the presence of positive serum tests for chagas' disease. fibre type grouping of either type i or type ii was observed in 5 of the 7 patients. furthermore, in 2 of the 5 patients showing muscle fibre groupings, angular fibres reacting with nadh and non-specific sterase were also found. these o ...	1978	87186
inhibitory action of a 5-nitrofuran (sq 18506) against nucleic acid synthesis in trypanosoma cruzi.		1978	83869
trypanosoma cruzi-sensitized t-lymphocyte mediated 51cr release from human heart cells in chagas' disease.	cytotoxicity of t-lymphocytes from patients with chagas' disease to parasitized and non-parasitized human heart cells labelled with 51cr was demonstrated. the highest ratio of 51cr released from the normal, non-parasitized heart cells was observed when the t-lymphocytes were collected from patients with acute chagas' disease. the quantity of 51cr released from the normal heart cells that were destroyed by t-lymphocytes collected from patients with chronic chagas' disease was also significantly h ...	1978	83110
new leads for trypanosomiasis chemotherapy.		1978	82152
comparative study of sq 18 506 with other nitroheterocyclic compounds on experimental chagas' disease.	the activity of the 5-nitrovinylfuran, sq 18 506, is compared in vivo and in vitro with lampit (a 5-nitrofuran), ro 7-1051 (a 2-nitroimidazole) and metronidazole (a 5-nitroimidazole). the order of activities on a weight basis was: sq 18 506 greater than lampit greater than ro 7-1051 greater than metronidazole. concern about possible mutagenicity and carcinogenicity, however, has precluded the use of sq 18 506 in clinical trials.	1978	80977
trypanosoma cruzi: immunosuppressed response to different antigens in the infected mouse.		1978	79498
ultrastructural localization of basic proteins in trypanosoma cruzi.	the postformalin ammoniacal silver (as) and the ethanolic phosphotungstic acid (epta) techniques were applied in epimastigote and trypomastigote forms of the pathogenic protozoa trypanosoma cruzi to detect basic proteins at the ultrastructural level. with both techniques, reaction was observed in the nucleus and in some cytoplasmic vacuoles. in the kinetoplast of epimastigotes, reaction was observed only at its periphery. in trypomastigotes, however, an intense reaction was observed in the spher ...	1978	77871
myocardial scintigraphy in chagas' disease.		1977	69928
a carbohydrate-containing antigen from trypanosoma cruzi and its detection in the circulation of infected mice.	a polysaccharide-containing fraction has been prepared from the water-soluble material of a phenol-water extract of epimastigote forms of trypanosoma cruzi. sera from rabbits immunized with this material have been used to detect trypanosome-derived polysaccharide in plasma of mice acutely infected with this parasite. the polysaccharide nature of the circulating antigen is suggested by its heat stability, resistance to proteinase and nucleases, and destruction by sodium metaperiodate, as well as ...	1977	69661
in search of anti-trypanosoma cruzi drugs: new leads from a mouse model.	nine of 25 carefully selected compounds (from a stock of more than 200 000 chemical species amassed principally as a result of testing against other parasitic diseases) were found to have significant suppressive activity against the parasites in the blood of a trypanosoma cruzi mouse model. eight of these compounds evaluated in this model had suppressive activity equal to or greater than the reference compound, nifurtimox. for the first time, suppressive activity against t. cruzi is reported for ...	1977	69024
comparison of cell culture with epimastigote antigens of trypanosoma cruzi.	various epimastigote antigens of trypanosoma cruzi were compared with an amastigote-trypomastigote antigen from infected cell cultures by complement fixation (cf) and gel diffusion (ouchterlony). cf results with human chagasic sera showed that the amastigote-trypomastigote antigen was usually more sensitive than epimastigote antigens tested. in addition, cross-reactions with normal and other sera were no greater and perhaps less frequent than with crude epimastigote antigens. specificity of the ...	1977	65922
a complement-fixing antigen from trypanosoma cruzi grown in cell cultures.	a complement-fixing (cf) antigen was prepared from amastigotes and trypomastigotes of trypanosoma cruzi (ernestina strain) grown in beef embryo cell cultures. multiple lots of the antigen, which consisted of a supernate of washed and disrupted organisms, required material from 10(6) to 10(7) total organism per ml for optimum cf activity. antibody at dilutions up to 1:256 was demonstrable in various sera from infected animals or patients. contaminating beef cells from infected cultures were shown ...	1977	65921
the ultrastructural localization of peroxisomes in the blood forms of trypanosoma cruzi (chagas, 1909) using 3,3'-diaminobenzidine.		1976	65204
chagas' disease and left-axis deviation.		1976	61469
lipoprotein lipase in the fat body of triatoma brasiliensis.	lipoprotein lipase activity was detected and characterized in the fat body of triatoma brasiliensis one of the vector of chagas' disease. the enzyme activity was close to a free fatty acid production of 47 mumol ffa mg protein-1-h-1 when assayed in the complete system. 2. the enzyme presented maximum activity at ph 8.5. it appeared to be activated by heparin (2 u/ml) and to require a cofactor (rat serum lipoproteins) when assayed with simple triglyceride emulsions. the requirement for a ffa acc ...	1976	60918
germicidal activity of a polyenzymic system on pathogenic protozoa in vitro.		1975	58631
[anti-arrhythmic action of carbamazepine. clinical trial in chagas' disease].		1976	56742
[antigens of the subcellular fractions of trypanosoma cruzi. i. localization of antigens and proteins in the subcellular fractions].		1975	55942
preparation of carbon-14-labelled whole short ragweed pollen antigens.	a new method of labelling short ragweed pollen antigens with carbon-14 is described. the known ragweed antigens age, ra3, ra5 and several other antigens are radiolabelled. these components are biologically active, have a high specific radioactivity and a long half-life.	1976	54344
ablastin in trypanosoma lewisi and related phenomena in other species of trypanosomes.		1975	54264
leishmaniasis in brazil: x. some observations of intradermal reactions to different trypanosomatid antigens of patients suffering from cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis.	in spite of the difficulty of antigen standardization, paired intradermal skin tests demonstrated qualitative differences between leishmanin and in vitro exo-antigen. some of these differences may be due to the destruction of certain antigens by phenol, while others seem to reflect basic antigenic differences. leishmania mexicana amazonensis in vitro exo-antigen produced immediate anaphylactic reponses in 74.4% of the patients with parasitologically proven cutaneous leishmaniasis. although more ...	1975	52214
microplate enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for chagas' disease.	a microscale immunosorbent assay (e.l.i.s.a.) for the measurement of antibody in chagas' disease (american trypanosomiasis) is described. the test was assessed on plasma samples from people living in bahia, brazil. 98% of the individuals with positive trypanosoma cruzi immunofluorescent-antibody (i.f.a.) tests gave e.l.i.s.a. reading considered as positive. less than 2% of those with negative i.f.a. tests had positive e.l.i.s.a. reactions. this simple test may be suitable for use in large seroep ...	1975	48613
effects of complement depletion in experimental chagas disease: immune lysis of virulent blood forms of trypanosoma cruzi.	in mice infected with virulent blood (trypomastigote) forms of trypanosoma cruzi, complement depletion with cobra venom factor caused a marked exacerbation of the disease evidenced by significantly increased parasitemia levels and early mortality as compared with those of untreated infected animals. the effect was greater in mice receiving cobra venom factor on day 7 postinfection, i.e., at the time when the parasites had had time to localize and multiply in the tissues and appeared in the circu ...	1975	46840
immunophyletic relationships between actinomycetales and eubacteriales determined by examinations of their cytoplasmic antigens.	cytoplasms obtained from a total of 205 different strains of actinomycetales, eubacteriales, lower fungi, and protozoa were examined against selected anti-cytoplasm antisera using the immunodiffusion and counterimmunoelectrophoresis procedures. immunological relationships between the different genera have been revealed and, in respect to eubacteriales, the possible immunophyletic determinants have been discerned. cytoplasms of enterobacter, clostridium, staphylococcus, and diplococcus were found ...	1975	46178
[immunoglobulins in the chronic phase of chagas disease].	since divergent results were obtained by different authors about immunoglobulins concentration in sera from acute and chronic cases of chagas disease, the problem was submitted to statistical approach in field conditions in the endemic zone of bambui, state of minas gerais, brazil. positives cases were considered in all individuals presenting evidences in parasitological, immunological or electrocardiographical examination living exactly in the same conditions, but without any evidence of infect ...	1976	45711
nad-linked glutamate dehydrogenase in trypanosoma cruzi.	1. epimastigotes of trypanosoma cruzi, tulahuén strain, contained a nad-linked glutamate dehydrogenase (ec 1.4.1.3), in addition to the already known nadp-linked enzyme enzyme (ec 1.4.1.4). 2. the partially purified nad-linked enzyme had a higher molecular weight and was much more labile than the nadp-linked enzyme, and was inhibited by purine nucleotides. 3. these results further emphasize the difference in glutamate metabolism between the parasite and its mammalian host.	1979	45532
creatine phosphokinase isoenzymes and trypanosoma cruzi infections.	1. substantial increases in total creatine phosphokinase (cpk) and in isoenzymes from heart (cpk-mb) and skeletal muscle (cpk-mm) were observed during acute infections with the house 510 and house 11 strains of trypanosoma cruzi. 2. in infections with the reticulotropic tulahuen strain total cpk levels were lower and the isoenzyme pattern was essentially normal. 3. gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase was considerably increased in the tulahuen but not in the house 510 and house 11 infections. 4. these ...	1979	45531
the effect of toxoplasma cell fractions and mycobacterial immunostimulants against virulent toxoplasma gondii in mice.	toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites were disrupted in a ribi cell fractionator and separated into cell walls and protoplasm by differential centrifugation. these products were used alone or combined with a mycobacterial glycolipid (p3) and injected either as oil-in-water emulsions or incorporated in freund's incomplete adjuvant. mice were vaccinated by intravenous or intradermal routes and challenged intraperitoneally with a highly virulent strain of toxoplasma gondii. a local granuloma formation was ...	1979	44793
evidence for nadh- and nadph-linked glutamate dehydrogenases in trypanosoma cruzi epimastigotes.	two glutamate dehydrogenases, nadh-linked (ec 1.2.1.2) and nadph-linked (ec 1.2.1.4) were isolated from the epimastigote forms of trypanosoma cruzi and purified. both enzymes exist as hexamers. the molecular weights of the native nadh-and nadph-linked glutamate dehydrogenases were estimated to be 360,000 and 265,000, respectively, and those of the subunits to be 58,000 and 43,000, respectively. the isoelectric point of the nadh-linked dehydrogenase is at ph 5.25 and that of the nadph-linked enzy ...	1979	44525
acid hydrolases of trypanosomatid flagellates.	homogenates from 5 species of trypanosomatids were screened for the presence of a series of acid hydrolases. the insect flagellae, crithidia sp., contains 5 enzymes reminiscent of plant parasitism, which were absent from or of very low specific activity in parasites of the genera, trypanosoma and leishmania. the latter mammalian parasites, on the other hand, exhibited higher acid proteinase and alpha-d-mannosidase activity levels.	1979	44097
growth and differentiation of trypanosoma cruzi cultivated with a triatoma infestans embryo cell line.	trypanosoma cruzi strain peru was cultivated in the presence of an established cell line of triatoma infestans embryo cells (ti- 32). bloodstream trypomastigotes differentiated into amastigote-like cells (first differentiation phase) which multiplied to form large clusters of cells. because of their clustering nature, a new term, "staphylomastigotes," has been proposed for this stage. after 10 days of cultivation, 90% of the staphylomastigotes underwent differentiation (2nd differentiation phase ...	1979	43891
the presence of basic proteins associated to the kinetoplast-dna of trypanosoma cruzi epimastigotes. short communication.		1979	43088
acid and neutral hydrolases in trypanosoma cruzi. characterization and assay.	twelve acid hydrolases, 4 near-neutral hydrolases, and alkaline phosphatase were demonstrated in 0.34 m sucrose homogenates of trypanosoma cruzi strain y: p-nitrophenylphosphatase and alpha-naphthylphosphatase, with optimum ph at approximately 6.0; alpha=ga;actpsodase. beta=ga;actpsodase. beta=g;icpsodase, n-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase, cathepsin a and peptidase i and iii, with optimum ph between 5.0 and 6.0; and arylsulfatase, cathepsin d, alpha-arabinase and alpha-mannosidase with optimum ph a ...	1979	40019
inhibition of the nadp-linked glutamate dehydrogenase from trypanosoma cruzi by silver nitrate.	the purified nadp-linked glutamate dehydrogenase from trypanosoma cruzi was strongly inhibited by silver nitrate. the inhibition was reversed by reduced glutathione, and was modified by the presence of the substrates during preincubation of the enzyme with the inhibitor.	1979	39772
type i interferon induced in mice by infection with trypanosoma equiperdum.	type ii interferon is known to be produced in mice infected with trypanosoma cruzi. therefore, interferon production was investigated in mice infected with trypanosoma equiperdum. interferon was found in the sera of mice infected with t. equiperdum from day 1 after infection until death on day 5. the maximal level of interferon appeared before parasitemia was detected, a finding showing that the endogenous interferon probably had no significant influence on the course of infection. unexpectedly, ...	1979	35574
trypanosoma cruzi, leishmania donovani, and l. mexicana: extract factor that lyses mammalian cells.		1979	35361
superoxide anion production and trypanocidal action of naphthoquinones on trypanosoma cruzi.		1978	33002
development of trypanosoma cruzi in the vector in the absence of blood.	first stage nymphs of triatoma infestans and dipetalogaster maximus which had never fed after egg hatching, were allowed to ingest by artificial feeding a blood-free suspension of trypanosoma cruzi trypomastigotes collected from experimentally infected mice. a high percentage of the vectors acquired a normal infection and produced infective stages. the parasite's development in the vector did not require blood but may have needed the presence of unknown factors secreted and/or excreted in the in ...	1978	32750
the influence of hydroxyurea and colchicine on growth and morphology of trypanosoma cruzi.	cultures of trypanosoma cruzi have been exposed to the drugs hydroxyurea and colchicine. we found that hydroxyurea (200 microgram/ml) completely inhibited growth and differentiation of t. cruzi y strain. colchicine (200 microgram/ml) reduced the growth of t. cruzi 30% and stimulated cell differentiation from epimastigotes to trypomastigotes. furthermore it caused anuclear cells with apparently intact kinetoplasts. the possible use of these anuclear forms in studies on kinetoplast dna organizatio ...	1978	31776
generation of free radicals from phenazine methosulfate in trypanosoma cruzi epimastigotes.	a significant growth inhibition of trypanosoma cruzi epimastigotes by phenazine methosulfate (pms) was observed in warren's medium. this toxic activity could be related to the following parameters: a) formation of phenazinium free radical, b) generation of superoxide anion in intact cells incubated with pms, and c) pms also increased significantly the rate of o2- generation in epimastigotes mitochondrial and microsomal fractions using nadh as electron donor.	1978	31775
the in vitro interaction of trypanosoma cruzi bloodstream forms and mouse peritoneal macrophages.	the uptake and further development of bloodstream forms from t. cruzi y and cl strains in mouse peritoneal macrophages have been investigated. parasites from the y strain (which present predominance of slender forms) are 20 to 30-fold more infective to macrophages than those from cl strain in which stout forms highly predominate. a complete amastigote-trypomastigote cycle is observed in normal or thioglycollate-induced macrophages infected with parasites from both strains.--opsonization signific ...	1978	31774
ivth annual meeting on basic research in chagas disease (biology of trypanosoma cruzi). minas gerais, brazil, 5--7 november 1977. abstracts.		1978	31667
concanavalin a receptors on the cell membrane of trypanosoma cruzi.	epimastigotes and trypomastigotes of t. cruzi obtained from acellular culture as well as bloodstream trypomastigotes agglutinate with concanavalin a (con a). con a-binding sites were also localized on the cell membrane by using the con a-horseradish peroxidase-diaminobenzidine method. passage of epimastigotes and trypomastigotes from acellular culture through deae-cellulose column did not affect con a-binding sites as detected by agglutination and electron miscroscopy.	1978	28652
purification and some properties of the nadp-linked glutamate dehydrogenase from trypanosoma cruzi.		1978	27404
[comparative study of lysosomotropic chemotherapy of chagas' disease and nagana].		1977	25052
effect of beta-lapachone on hydrogen peroxide production in trypanosoma cruzi.	beta-lapachone, an antimicrobial agent, markedly increase the generation of h2o2 in intact trypanosoma cruzi epimastigotes (y strain). increase in h2o2 was determined by the horseradish peroxidase-h2o2 compound ii formation as well as by a cytochemical technique.	1978	24995
trypanosoma cruzi: kinetic properties of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase.		1977	23304
hydrogen peroxide generation in trypanosoma cruzi.	homogenates from t. cruzi epimastigotes produced 3.4 pmoles h2o2/min 10(6) cells, as detected by the cytochrome c peroxidase assay. addition of nadh or nadph increased h2o2 production by a factor of 3 and 5, respectively. when supplemented with nadh and nadph, the mitochondrial, microsomal and supernatant fractions produced h2o2, the soluble fraction and the mitochondrial membranes being apparently the main generators of h2o2. the epimastigote homogenates showed cyanide-sensitive superoxide dism ...	1977	20323
the malic enzyme from trypanosoma cruzi.		1977	16984
immunization against trypanosoma cruzi using killed antigens and with saponin as adjuvant.	the immunization of mice with killed epimastigotes or trypomastigotes with saponin spl as adjuvant was challenged by inoculation of blood or metacyclic trypomastigotes of t. cruzi. immunogenic preparations were obtained by freeze-thawing of formalin treatment. the protection was effective against homologous and heterologous challenge, and lasted up to 12 weeks after the last immunization. the immunization was also effective against metacyclic trypomastigote challenge. the immunogenicity of the k ...	1977	16471
comparison of infectivity of trypanosoma cruzi blood stream trypomastigotes and metacyclic trypomastigotes from rhodnius prolixus.	four strains of trypanosoma cruzi (y, bg, m and peru) retain their ability to infect rhodnius prolixus and to produce virulent infections in mice for from 12 to 39 years. about 60 or more metacyclic trypomastigotes were consistently lethal to mice. the mean number of metacyclics per bug ranged from 1.2 to 17.3 x 10(3). comparative studies of virulence of metacyclics and blood trypomastigotes showed the blood forms to be slightly more virulent. the route of injection was shown to be more signific ...	1977	16470
factors affecting transmission of vector-borne blood parasites.		1977	16469
observations on the feeding and defecation patterns of three triatomine species (hemiptera: reduviidae).	a comparative laboratory study of feeding and defecation behavior of three species of tritomines (rhodnius prolixus, triatoma infestans and t. dimidiata) indicated evident differences among the species and among the different stages of same species. time required for a full blood meal was related to the size of the specimen. insects required an average of 11-28 min for engorgement although some finished within 10 min. t. dimidata frequently interrupted the act of feeding, a probable explanation ...	1977	16468
characterization of an adenylyl cyclase activity in particulate preparations from epimastigote forms of trypanosoma cruzi.	particulate preparations from epimastigote forms of trypanosoma cruzi contain an adenylyl cyclase (atp pyrophosphate-lyase (cyclizing), ec 4.6.1.1) which could be stored at --20 degree c and resisted 5 cycles of freezing and thawing over 10 days without significant loss of activity. the enzyme reaction strictly required mn2+, had a ph optimum of 7.7 and was not inhibited or stimulated by naf. particles prepared in the presence of 10 mm mn2+ or mg2+ were 3--4 times more active than particles prep ...	1977	15618
presence and properties of thymidylate synthase in trypanosomatids.	high speed centrifugal supernatant fractions of homogenates of a number of trypanosomatids were assayed for thymidylate synthase (5,10-methylene-tetrahydrofolate: dump c-methyltransferase, ec 2.1.1.45) activity using the method of lomax and greenberg (1967) j. biol. chem. 242, 109-113). similar activities were detected in crithidia fasciculata, crithidia oncopelti, the blood forms of trypanosoma brucei, trypansoma congolense and trypanosoma lewisi and the blood, intracellular and culture forms o ...	1977	14696
differentiation of newly isolated strains of trypanosoma (schizotrypanum) cruzi by agglutination and precipitation reactions.	serological relationships between new isolates of trypanosoma cruzi from a single locality have been examined by direct agglutination and immunodiffusion, and compared with established strains. the strains were divided into three groups according to the absorption properties of their precipitinogens. the three groups were defined by the same characteristics as those in which strains of wide-ranging provenance and long laboratory history have been placed by previous workers. a lack of corresponde ...	1975	1982