Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| effectiveness of gf-120 fruit fly bait spray applied to border area plants for control of melon flies (diptera: tephritidae). | in a field study in hawaii, color-marked protein-deprived and protein-fed female melon flies, bactrocera cucurbitae coquillett, were released within canopies of unsprayed sorghum plants (a nonhost of melon flies) outside of a border area of unsprayed or bait-sprayed sorghum plants or open space that surrounded cucumbers, a favored host of melon flies. application of bait spray to sorghum or sugarcane surrounding host plants of melon flies is a common practice for melon fly control in hawaii. gf- ... | 2003 | 14650522 |
| batch xylitol production by candida guilliermondii fti 20037 from sugarcane bagasse hemicellulosic hydrolyzate at controlled ph values. | batch fermentation of sugarcane bagasse hemicellulosic hydrolyzate by the yeast candida guilliermondii fti 20037 was performed using controlled ph values (3.5, 5.5, 7.5). the maximum values of xylitol volumetric productivity ( q(p)=0.76 g/l h) and xylose volumetric consumption ( q(s)=1.19 g/l h) were attained at ph 5.5. at ph 3.5 and 7.5 the q(p) value decreased by 66 and 72%, respectively. independently of the ph value, y(x/s) decreased with the increase in y(p/s) suggesting that the xylitol bi ... | 2003 | 14624353 |
| analysis and functional annotation of an expressed sequence tag collection for tropical crop sugarcane. | to contribute to our understanding of the genome complexity of sugarcane, we undertook a large-scale expressed sequence tag (est) program. more than 260,000 cdna clones were partially sequenced from 26 standard cdna libraries generated from different sugarcane tissues. after the processing of the sequences, 237,954 high-quality ests were identified. these ests were assembled into 43,141 putative transcripts. of the assembled sequences, 35.6% presented no matches with existing sequences in public ... | 2003 | 14613979 |
| comparative expression analysis of two sugarcane polyubiquitin promoters and flanking sequences in transgenic plants. | gus (uida) reporter gene expression for two sugarcane polyubiquitin promoters, ubi4 and ubi9, was compared to expression from the maize ubi-1 promoter in stable transgenic rice (only ubi9) and sugarcane (ubi4 and ubi9). ubi9 drove high-level gus expression, comparable to the maize ubi-1 promoter, in both callus and regenerated plants of rice transformed by agrobacterium. this high level expression was inherited in r1 plants. expression from ubi4 and ubi9 was quite high in sugarcane callus transf ... | 2003 | 14610893 |
| pyrolysis of plant, animal and human waste: physical and chemical characterization of the pyrolytic products. | pyrolysis (carbonization) has been proposed as one of several optional technologies for disposing and recycling waste products in japan. plant wastes (sugarcane bagasse and rice husks), animal waste (cow biosolids) and human waste (treated municipal sludge) were pyrolyzed at temperatures from 250-800 degrees c in closed containers. the carbonized materials were evaluated for specific physical properties (yield, surface area, density) and specific chemical properties (total carbon, total nitrogen ... | 2003 | 14575946 |
| growth of candida utilis in solid state fermentation. | in this work, the growth of the yeast candida utilis on different solid substrate (wheat bran) and supports (sugarcane bagasse and amberlite resin) imbibed with a liquid culture medium was studied. growth was followed by sugars consumption, carbon dioxide production rate (cdpr) and cell count. the results showed the ability of the yeast to grow on the three solid media with fairly good viability and total dextrose consumption in the case of sugarcane bagasse and amberlite, and partial consumptio ... | 1993 | 14545676 |
| fermentation of cellulosic materials to mycoprotein foods. | a new bioprocess is described in which a cellulolytic, food-grade fungus neurospora sitophila converts cellulosic materials to protein-rich products for food and fodder. the optimal conditions for the conversion are identified: 35-37 degrees c temperature, ph 5.5, 2.35 ms(-1) agitator tip speed. scale-up of the production process to 1,300 l is reported. the mycoprotein production data on several types of cellulosic materials (sugarcane bagasse, corn stover, wood cellulose) are presented. the per ... | 1993 | 14545669 |
| ethanol production by saccharomyces cerevisiae grown in sugarcane blackstrap molasses through a fed-batch process: optimization by response surface methodology. | we studied the effect of reactor filling time (t) (3-5 h), initial mass of inoculum (m) (1000-2100 g), and exponential time decay constant for the substrate feed rate (k) (0.6-1.6 h-1) on ethanol production by saccharomyces cerevisiae grown in sugarcane blackstrap molasses through a fed-batch culture. the highest ethanol productivity (16.9 g/[l x h]) occurred at t = 3 h, k = 1.6 h-1, and m = 1300 g. in addition, productivity was affected by both m (for t = 3 and 4 h) and k (for t = 3 h) and vari ... | 2003 | 14512635 |
| coliforms associated with sugarcane plants and juices. | a study of the coliforms found on sugarcane plants throughout the growing season indicated that members of the genus aerobacter comprise a part of the epiphytic microflora. when quantitative determinations were made of the coliforms by means of the most probable number technique, no completed tests were obtained on young sugarcane plants during the test period of february through may; however, paracolobactrum aerogenoides was isolated frequently. nine different imvic types of coliforms were iden ... | 1964 | 14131368 |
| identification of three genes encoding p(ii)-like proteins in gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus: studies of their role(s) in the control of nitrogen fixation. | in our studies on the regulation of nitrogen metabolism in gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus, an endophytic diazotroph of sugarcane, three glnb-like genes were identified and their role(s) in the control of nitrogen fixation was studied. sequence analysis revealed that one p(ii) protein-encoding gene, glnb, was adjacent to a glna gene (encoding glutamine synthetase) and that two other p(ii) protein-encoding genes, identified as glnk1 and glnk2, were located upstream of amtb1 and amtb2, respective ... | 2003 | 13129958 |
| the action of 2,4-d upon the azotobacter of some sugarcane soils. | 1953 | 13066030 | |
| response of sugarcane to treated wastewater of oil refinery. | the crop of sugarcane (saccharum officinarum) was grown at the agricultural farm of the mathura oil refinery in a simple randomized block design. the experimental plots were irrigated with ground water (gw) or treated wastewater (tw) as and when required the plants gave better response to the latter than the former. the quantity of the required nutrients was comparatively more in tw than gw. the soil receiving wastewater did not show any significant change in its physico-chemical characteristics ... | 2003 | 12974454 |
| isolation and characterisation of an invertase cdna from perennial ryegrass (lolium perenne). | an invertase (lpft2) cdna from perennial ryegrass was isolated and sequenced. nucleotide sequence analysis revealed an orf of 2016 bp encoding a protein of 671 amino acids. lpft2 is 76% identical to sugarcane soluble acid invertase, and contains invertase and fructosyltransferase functional domains. lpft2 is present as a single copy gene and maps to the distal region of lg6 in perennial ryegrass. the expression pattern analysis of lpft2 revealed transcript accumulation in seedlings and in mature ... | 2003 | 12964866 |
| rna expression profiles and data mining of sugarcane response to low temperature. | tropical and subtropical plants are generally sensitive to cold and can show appreciable variation in their response to cold stress when exposed to low positive temperatures. using nylon filter arrays, we analyzed the expression profile of 1,536 expressed sequence tags (ests) of sugarcane (saccharum sp. cv sp80-3280) exposed to cold for 3 to 48 h. thirty-four cold-inducible ests were identified, of which 20 were novel cold-responsive genes that had not previously been reported as being cold indu ... | 2003 | 12913139 |
| simplified modeling of fed-batch alcoholic fermentation of sugarcane blackstrap molasses. | simplified modeling based on material balances for biomass, ethanol and substrate was used to describe the kinetics of fed-batch alcohol fermentation of sugarcane blackstrap molasses. maintenance requirements were previously shown to be of particular significance in this system, owing to the use of massive inoculum to minimize inhibitions; therefore, they were taken into consideration for kinetic modeling. average values of biomass and ethanol yields, productivities, and substrate consumption ra ... | 2003 | 12910547 |
| xylitol production from sugarcane bagasse hydrolyzate in fluidized bed reactor. effect of air flowrate. | cells of candida guilliermondii immobilized onto porous glass spheres were cultured batchwise in a fluidized bed bioreactor for xylitol production from sugarcane bagasse hemicellulose hydrolyzate. an aeration rate of only 25 ml/min ensured minimum yields of xylose consumption (0.60) and biomass production (0.14 g(dm)/g(xyl)), as well as maximum xylitol yield (0.54 g(xyt)/g(xyl)) and ratio of immobilized to total cells (0.83). these results suggest that cell metabolism, although slow because of o ... | 2003 | 12892483 |
| [immunological screening of toxoplasma tachyzoite cdna expression libraries with serum from infected rats]. | to screen and identify the potential candidates for the development of toxoplasmosis vaccine. | 2003 | 12884617 |
| kinetics of the solid state fermentation of sugarcane bagasse by thermoascus aurantiacus for the production of xylanase. | xylanase was produced by solid-state fermentation using thermoascus aurantiacus. maximum production (500 u g(-1) bagasse) was achieved on the sixth day of cultivation on solid sugarcane bagasse medium supplemented with 15% (v/w) rice bran extract. the fungal biomass, determined from its glucosamine content, reached 28 mg g(-1) on the 8th day of cultivation. the cell yield against o2 (y(x/o) = 0.18 g(cell)/g(o2)) and maintenance coefficient (m0 = 0.013 g(o2)/g(cell)h) were determined with the low ... | 2003 | 12882299 |
| effects of gna transgenic sugarcane on life history parameters of parallorhogas pyralophagus (marsh) (hymenoptera: braconidae), a parasitoid of mexican rice borer. | parallorhogas pyralophagus (marsh) is the principal parasitoid of the mexican rice borer [eoreuma loftini (dyar)], the primary pest of sugarcane in south texas. insect resistant transgenic sugarcane producing galanthus nivalis agglutinin (gna) was developed to improve control of e. loftini. the present laboratory study addressed whether over two consecutive generations transgenic sugarcane delivered via artificial diet has adverse host-mediated effects on p. pyralophagus life history parameters. ... | 2003 | 12852590 |
| bioassay of endrin for possible carcinogenicity (cas no. 72-20-8). | endrin is an organochlorine pesticide having a structural characteristic of the cyclodiene group, which includes aldrin (cas no. 309-00-2), dieldrin (cas no. 60-57-1), chlordane (cas no. 57-74-9), heptachlor (cas no. 76-44-8), and endosulfan (cas no. 115-29-7). it is the most acutely toxic compound in the cyclodiene group but is less persistent in the environment than ddt or dieldrin. as an insecticide, it is currently used for small grains, sugarcane, and cotton; as an avicide, for forest seed ... | 1979 | 12844154 |
| [cloning and sequencing of acc oxidase gene from sugarcane]. | the plant hormone ethylene is not only responsible for the initiation of fruit ripening, senescence and dormancy but also for regulating many other plant developmental processes, such as seed germination, root initiation, growth, floral differentiation, sex differentiation and responding to environment stresses. one of the rate-limiting steps for ethylene biosynthesizing in plant is catalyzed by 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (acc) oxidase. understanding of ethylene expressive pattern in plan ... | 2003 | 12812078 |
| bioassay of fluometuron for possible carcinogenicity (cas no. 2164-17-2). | fluometuron is a phenylurea herbicide used in agriculture to control broad- leaved and grass weeds in cotton and sugarcane fields. the area of heaviest use is the mississippi delta. applications of low concentrations selectively kill weeds. a bioassay of the phenylurea herbicide fluometuron for possible carcinogenicity was conducted by administering the test chemical in feed to f344 rats and b6c3f1 mice. groups of 50 rats of each sex were fed diets containing 125 or 250 ppm of fluometuron for 10 ... | 1980 | 12778184 |
| molecular characterization of a distinct potyvirus from whitegrass in china. | apotyvirus isolated from perennial whitegrass ( pennisetum centrasiaticum tzvel.) in north china was characterized at the molecular level. the 3' terminal nucleotide (nt) sequence of 1669 nt of the viral rna genome has been determined, which covered the coding region of the c-terminal part of the large nuclear inclusion protein (nib, rna polymerase), capsid protein (cp) gene and the 3' nontranslated region (ntr). the cp gene consisted of 909 nt (including the stop codon) encoding 302 amino acid ... | 2003 | 12756626 |
| development of recombinant coat protein antibody based ic-rt-pcr for detection and discrimination of sugarcane streak mosaic virus isolates from southern india. | sugarcane streak mosaic virus (scsmv), causes mosaic disease of sugarcane and is thought to belong to a new undescribed genus in the family potyviridae. the coat protein (cp) gene from the andhra pradesh (ap) isolate of scsmv (scsmv-ap) was cloned and expressed in escherichia coli. the recombinant coat protein was used to raise high quality antiserum. the cp antiserum was used to develop an immunocapture reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (ic-rt-pcr) based assay for the detection an ... | 2003 | 12756623 |
| identification of genetically linked rgas by bac screening in maize and implications for gene cloning, mapping and mas. | the resistance gene analogue (rga) pic19 in maize, a candidate for sugarcane mosaic virus (scmv) resistance gene (r gene) scmv1, was used to screen a maize bac library to identify homologous sequences in the maize genome and to investigate their genomic organisation. fifteen positive bac clones were identified and could be classified into five physically independent contigs consisting of overlapping clones. genetic mapping clustered three contigs into the same genomic region as scmv1 on chromoso ... | 2003 | 12748766 |
| genomic distribution and characterization of est-derived resistance gene analogs (rgas) in sugarcane. | a large sugarcane est (expressed sequence tag) project recently gave us access to 261,609 est sequences from sugarcane, assembled into 81,223 clusters. among these, we identified 88 resistance gene analogs (rgas) based on their homology to typical pathogen resistance genes, using a stringent blast search with a threshold e-value of e(-50). they included representatives of the three major groups of resistance genes with nbs/lrr, lrr or s/t kinase domains. fifty rgas showed a total of 148 single-d ... | 2003 | 12733061 |
| new phenolic compounds from kokuto, non-centrifuged cane sugar. | five new phenolic compounds, 4-(beta-d-glucopyranosyloxy)-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl-propanone (8), 3-[5-[(threo) 2,3-dihydro-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-hydroxymethyl-7-methoxybenzofuranyl]-propanoic acid (12), 2-[4-(3-hydroxy-1-propenyl)-2,6-dimethoxyphenoxy]-3-hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)propyl-beta-d-glucopyranoside (13), 4-[(erythro) 2,3-dihydro-3(hydroxymethyl)-5-(3-hydropropyl)-7-methoxy-2-benzofuranyl]-2,6-dimethoxyphenyl-beta-d-glucopyranoside (14), 9-o-beta-d-xylopyranoside o ... | 2003 | 12729002 |
| its region of the rdna of pythium rhizosaccharum sp. nov. isolated from sugarcane roots: taxonomy and comparison with related species. | pythium rhizosaccharum (f-1244) was isolated from soil samples taken in the rhizosphere of sugarcane (saccharum officinarum) in the north-eastern india. this species is characterized by its smooth-walled, spherical sporangia and rarely formed sexual structures. when formed, the antheridial branches wrap around the oogonia and soon disappear after fertilization. the internal transcribed spacer (its) region of its rdna is comprised of 904 bases. the taxonomical description of this new species and ... | 2003 | 12725932 |
| influence of pressure in ethanol/water pulping of sugarcane bagasse. | the influence of the pressure in the ethanol/water pulping of sugarcane bagasse was studied using argon pressure varying from 0.5 to 1.5 mpa. the reaction volume and activation volume were studied. for the reaction volume, temperature and time were constant and pressure was varied, and for the activation volume, temperature was constant and pressure and time were varied. the degradation of cellulose was not promoted by the pressure with positive reaction volume (4100 cm(3)/mol). on the other han ... | 2003 | 12721485 |
| alternative approach for utilization of pentose stream from sugarcane bagasse by an induced flocculent pichia stipitis. | a new approach for the utilization of hemicellulosic hydrolysate from sugarcane bagasse is described. this approach consists of using the hydrolysate to dilute the conventional feedstock (sugarcane juice) to the usual sugar concentration (150 g/l) employed for the industrial production of ethanol. the resulting sugar mixture was used as the substrate to evaluate the performance of a continuous reactor incorporating a cell recycle module, operated at several dilution rates. an induced flocculent ... | 2003 | 12721434 |
| conversion of sugarcane bagasse to carboxylic acids using a mixed culture of mesophilic microorganisms. | using the mixalco process, biomass can be converted into carboxylic acids, which can be chemically converted into mixed alcohol fuels. this study focused on the use of countercurrent fermentation to anaerobically convert sugarcane bagasse and chicken manure to mixed carboxylic acids using a mixed culture of mesophilic microorganisms from terrestrial and marine sources. bagasse was pretreated with lime to increase digestibility. the continuum particle distribution model (cpdm) simulated continuou ... | 2003 | 12721433 |
| effect of dose of xylanase on bleachability of sugarcane bagasse ethanol/water pulps. | pulps obtained from the ethanol/water cooking of sugarcane bagasse were bleached with the xylanase enzyme obtained from the fungus thermomyces lanuginosus ioc-4145 and with the commercial enzyme cartazyme hs from sandoz. by changing the enzyme dose from 4.3 to 36 iu/g of pulp, kappa number and viscosity were maintained when the xylanase from t. lanuginosus was used. on the other hand, by using cartazyme hs, kappa number decreased by 17%, reaching 35.5. this pulp was further extracted with naoh w ... | 2003 | 12721414 |
| protease production by streptomyces sp. isolated from brazilian cerrado soil: optimization of culture medium employing statistical experimental design. | streptomyces are important microorganisms because of their capacity to produce numerous bioactive molecules. in the present work protease production, by streptomyces sp. 594 isolated from a brazilian cerrado soil, was maximized by optimizing a low-cost culture medium composition (casitone and sugarcane molasses) using statistical experimental design. the final protease activity (56 u/ml) was 2.8-fold and 58-fold higher than that obtained in the beginning of this study, and in a previous work, us ... | 2003 | 12721412 |
| synergistic effect of d-003 and aspirin on experimental thrombosis models. | d-003 is a mixture of higher primary aliphatic saturated acids purified from sugarcane wax, with antiplatelet and antithrombotic effects experimentally demonstrated. octacosanoic acid is the main component of d-003, followed by triacontanoic, dotriacontanoic, and tetracontanoic acids, while other acids are minor components. this work investigates the effects of combination therapy d-003+aspirin (asa) on arachidonic acid (aa)-induced sudden death in mice and bleeding time in rats. in addition, th ... | 2003 | 12711246 |
| anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of a mixture of fatty acids isolated and purified from sugar cane wax oil. | the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of fam, a defined mixture of fatty acids isolated from sugar cane (saccharum officinarum l.), was evaluated. oral administration of this mixture showed anti-inflammatory activity in the cotton pellet granuloma assay and in the carrageenin-induced pleurisy test, both in rats, as well as in the peritoneal capillary permeability test in mice. in addition, fam showed analgesic properties in the hot-plate model and in the acetic acid-induced writhings test, ... | 2003 | 12709906 |
| removal of phenanthrene from soil by co-cultures of bacteria and fungi pregrown on sugarcane bagasse pith. | sixteen co-cultures composed of four bacteria and four fungi grown on sugarcane bagasse pith were tested for phenanthrene degradation in soil. the four bacteria were identified as pseudomonas aeruginose, ralstonia pickettii, pseudomonas sp. and pseudomonas cepacea. the four fungi were identified as: penicillium sp., trichoderma viride, alternaria tenuis and aspergillus terrus that were previously isolated from different hydrocarbon-contaminated soils. fungi had a statistically significant positi ... | 2003 | 12699938 |
| molecular evolution of bowman-birk type proteinase inhibitors in flowering plants. | the bowman-birk family (bbi) of proteinase inhibitors is probably the most studied family of plant inhibitors. we describe the primary structure and the gene expression profile of 14 putative bbis from the sugarcane expressed sequence tag database and show how we used these newly discovered sequences together with 87 previously described bbi sequences from the genbank database to construct phylogenetic trees for the bbi family. phylogenetic analysis revealed that bbi-type inhibitors from monocot ... | 2003 | 12679075 |
| complete sequence of the genomic rna of the prevalent strain of a potyvirus infecting maize in china. | the complete nucleotide sequence of the prevalent strain of a potyvirus isolated from maize in beijing, china was determined and compared with other closely related potyviruses. the viral genome comprises 9595 nucleotides, excluding the poly (a) tail, and encodes a putative polyprotein of 3063 amino acid residues. sequence comparison of the coat proteins showed that this isolate was most closely related to most other potyviral isolates infecting maize across china with identities of about 99% an ... | 2003 | 12664299 |
| trapping of phyllophaga elenans with a female-produced pheromone. | attraction of phyllophaga elenas to vaned bucket traps baited with the recently identified female-produced pheromone, l-isoleucine methyl ester (lime), is efficient. pheromone-baited vaned buckets with water to retain insects were more effective than buckets without vanes or plastic containers with the sides cut out. pheromone-baited vaned bucket traps from which water was omitted required the addition of a funnel below the vanes to retain insects. normally used light traps were about 10 times m ... | 2003 | 12647851 |
| pharmacological interaction between policosanol and nitroprusside in rats. | policosanol is a natural mixture of higher aliphatic primary alcohols isolated from sugar cane wax (saccharum officinarum l.). it has cholesterol-lowering effects demonstrated in experimental models and in patients with type ii hypercholesterolemia, with positive pleiotropic properties such as inhibition of platelet aggregation and lipid peroxidation. policosanol reduced thromboxane a(2) and malondialdehyde (mda) serum levels in animals and human beings. because nitric oxide (no) can be destroye ... | 2001 | 12639414 |
| effect of d-003, a mixture of high molecular weight primary acids from sugar cane wax, on cl4c-induced liver acute injury in rats. | d-003 is a mixture of very high molecular weight aliphatic primary acids purified from sugar cane (saccharum officinarum, l.) wax, in which octacosanoic acid is the most abundant component. previous experimental studies have shown that d-003 not only shows cholesterol-lowering and antiplatelet effects, but also offers strong protection against plasma lipoprotein oxidation. acute hepatotoxicity induced by ccl4 in rats has been related to an increased rate of lipid peroxidation, and different anti ... | 2002 | 12635492 |
| effect of harvesting operations on fungal spore populations of air. | agricultural practices such as harvesting of crops cause the pathogens to disseminate in abundance and may cause diseases, like skin and respiratory allergies in an epidemic form. also the farm workers were likely to be exposed repeatedly to high doses of fungal spore allergens from crop harvesting operations. at srikakulam, located in north coastal andhra pradesh, india, the major crops grown include rice and sugarcane. as part of a major study on the airspora of srikakulam the effect of harves ... | 2002 | 12617320 |
| saturation of two chromosome regions conferring resistance to scmv with ssr and aflp markers by targeted bsa. | quantitative trait loci (qtls) and bulked segregant analyses (bsa) identified the major genes scmv1 on chromosome 6 and scmv2 on chromosome 3, conferring resistance against sugarcane mosaic virus (scmv) in maize. both chromosome regions were further enriched for ssr and aflp markers by targeted bulked segregant analysis (tbsa) in order to identify and map only markers closely linked to either scmv1 or scmv2. for identification of markers closely linked to the target genes, symptomless individual ... | 2003 | 12589549 |
| conversion of aflp fragments tightly linked to scmv resistance genes scmv1 and scmv2 into simple pcr-based markers. | in a previous study, bulked segregant analysis with amplified fragment length polymorphisms (aflps) identified several markers closely linked to the sugarcane mosaic virus resistance genes scmv1 on chromosome 6 and scmv2 on chromosome 3. six aflp markers (e33m61-2, e33m52, e38m51, e82m57, e84m59 and e93m53) were located on chromosome 3 and two markers (e33m61-1 and e35m62-1) on chromosome 6. our objective in the present study was to sequence the respective aflp bands in order to convert these do ... | 2002 | 12582898 |
| ests as a source for sequence polymorphism discovery in sugarcane: example of the adh genes. | expressed sequence tags (ests) have proven to be a valuable tool to discover single nucleotide polymorphism (snp) in human genes but their use for this purpose is still limited in higher plants. using a database of approximately 250,000 sugarcane ests we have recovered 219 sequences encoding alcohol dehydrogenases ( adh), which tagged 178 distinct cdnas from 27 libraries, constructed from at least four different cultivars. the partitioning of these ests into paralogous genes revealed three adh g ... | 2003 | 12582843 |
| inheritance and segregation of virus and herbicide resistance transgenes in sugarcane. | transgenic sugarcane parents containing multiple copies of herbicide resistance ( bar) and sorghum mosaic virus (srmv) resistance ( hut) genes were crossed with non-transgenic sugarcane varieties. segregation of the transgenes in the progeny was determined using southern blot analysis; herbicide resistance and srmv resistance were assessed using bioassays. the segregation data were used to infer linkage relationships between transgenes in the parent plants. in two of the parents, all transgene i ... | 2002 | 12582639 |
| development of rga-caps markers and genetic mapping of candidate genes for sugarcane mosaic virus resistance in maize. | three previously published resistance gene analogues (rgas), pic13, pic21 and pic19, were mapped in relation to sugarcane mosaic virus (scmv) resistance genes ( scmv1, scmv2) in maize. we cloned these rgas from six inbreds including three scmv-resistant lines (d21, d32, fap1360a) and three scmv-susceptible lines (d145, d408, f7). pairwise sequence alignments among the six inbreds revealed a frequency of one single nucleotide polymorphism (snp) per 33 bp for the three rgas, indicating a high degr ... | 2002 | 12582538 |
| analysis of genetic similarity detected by aflp and coefficient of parentage among genotypes of sugar cane ( saccharum spp.). | despite the economical importance of sugar cane, until the present-date no studies have been carried out to determine the correlation of the molecular-based genetic similarity (gs) and the coefficient of parentage ( f)-estimates generated for cultivars. a comprehensive knowledge of the amount of genetic diversity in parental cultivars, could improve the effectiveness of breeding programmes. in this study, amplified fragment length polymorphism (aflp) and pedigree data were used to investigate th ... | 2002 | 12579425 |
| effect of policosanol on carbon tetrachloride-induced acute liver damage in sprague-dawley rats. | policosanol is a cholesterol-lowering drug purified from sugarcane (saccharum officinarum, l.) wax. beneficial pleiotropic effects of policosanol, such as inhibition of the susceptibility of low density lipoprotein to lipid peroxidation, have been shown. policosanol has a good safety profile and well tolerated and, to date, no drug-related adverse effects have been demonstrated. specifically, policosanol has not been shown to affect liver function or to increase liver enzyme levels in experiment ... | 2003 | 12568632 |
| [isolation, identification and phylogenetic analysis of a thermophilic cellulolytic anaerobic bacterium]. | four strains of thermophilic cellulolytic anaeobic bacteria were isolated from fresh feces, heat compost, cellulolytic mixed culture with a method based on adherence of cellulolytic bacteria to cellulose. the cells of isolates were straight or slightly curved rods that were 0.4 micron-0.6 micron x 3 microns-15 microns, gram negative, strictly anaerobic, sulfate reduction negative, spore-forming bacteria. most of the cells had oval terminal spores, while subterminal spores, middle spores, two or ... | 2002 | 12557388 |
| genetic diversity in the coat protein coding region of eighty-six sugarcane mosaic virus isolates from eight countries, particularly from cameroon and congo. | fifty-eight sugarcane virus isolates were obtained from leaves showing mosaic symptoms, and collected in cameroon (26 isolates), congo (20 isolates), egypt (1 isolate), south africa (3 isolates) and the u.s.a. (8 isolates). all these isolates belonged to sugarcane mosaic virus (scmv) based on the amplification product obtained by rt-pcr with scmv-specific primers. the amplicons (0.9 kb) from the coat protein (cp) coding region were cloned, sequenced and compared to each other as well as to the s ... | 2003 | 12556998 |
| six-month toxicity study of oral administration of d-003 in sprague dawley rats. | d-003 is a mixture of high molecular weight aliphatic primary acids purified from sugarcane wax (saccharum officinarum) having cholesterol-lowering and antiplatelet effects. | 2002 | 12516940 |
| water quality, biofilm production and growth of fringe-lipped carp (labeo fimbriatus) in tanks provided with two solid substrates. | the effects of two substrates, sugarcane bagasse (t(1)) and paddy straw (t(2)) on water quality and growth of labeo fimbriatus were studied in mud-bottomed, manured cement tanks, in triplicate; a set of three tanks without substrate served as control (t(3)). addition of manure and substrate brought about a decrease in dissolved oxygen level, but it stabilized after 15 days, when the tanks were stocked with 30 fish each, fed at 3% body weight daily and reared for 90 days. total ammonia content in ... | 2003 | 12507865 |
| maize dwarf mosaic disease in different regions of china is caused by sugarcane mosaic virus. | sugarcane mosaic virus (scmv) was detected in all 62 maize samples collected from eight maize-growing provinces in china showing dwarf mosaic symptoms by immunocapture reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr). maize dwarf mosaic virus (mdmv), sorghum mosaic virus (srmv) and johnsongrass mosaic virus (jgmv), however, were not detected in any of the samples by rt-pcr. eleven cdna fragments of approximately 0.8 kilobases covering most of the coat protein (cp) gene of scmv were seque ... | 2002 | 12491109 |
| tylenchida associated with different crops in sennar state (sudan). | a study was done on the taxonomy and morphology of plant parasitic nematodes (tylenchida) found in sennar state (sudan). sixty samples of different crops were collected in the sugarcane area. thirty samples originated from soil around the roots of saccharum officinarum (sugarcane) from different ratoons and thirty samples were collected from other crops (mangifera indica; citrus limon; citrus aurantifolia; citrus paradisi; citrus sinensis, phoenix dactylifera, musa sapentium; cassia italica, cap ... | 2001 | 12425088 |
| starch-based plastic polymer degradation by the white rot fungus phanerochaete chrysosporium grown on sugarcane bagasse pith: enzyme production. | in this study, starch metabolites and enzymes were determined during starch-based plastic polymer biodegradation by the white rot fungus phanerochaete chrysosporium, grown in sugarcane bagasse pith in tubular reactors. various metabolites, amylase, ligninase and cellulase production were measured during p. chrysosporium growth on sugarcane bagasse pith with added glucose and starch polymer. on-line respirometric analyses followed during 32 days confirmed the p. chrysosporium capability of growin ... | 2003 | 12421000 |
| comparative analysis of qtls affecting plant height and flowering among closely-related diploid and polyploid genomes. | quantitative trait loci (qtls) affecting plant height and flowering were studied in the two saccharum species from which modern sugarcane cultivars are derived. two segregating populations derived from interspecific crosses between saccharum officinarum and saccharum spontaneum were genotyped with 735 dna markers. among the 65 significant associations found between these two traits and dna markers, 35 of the loci were linked to sugarcane genetic maps and 30 were unlinked dna markers. twenty-one ... | 2002 | 12416611 |
| production of ligninolytic enzymes for dye decolorization by cocultivation of white-rot fungi pleurotus ostreatus and phanerochaete chrysosporium under solid-state fermentation. | lignocellulosic wastes such as neem hull, wheat bran, and sugarcane bagasse, available in abundance, are excellent substrates for the production of ligninolytic enzymes under solid-state fermentation by white-rot fungi. a ligninolytic enzyme system with high activity showing enhanced decomposition was obtained by cocultivation of pleurotus ostreatus and phanerochaete chrysosporium on combinations of lignocellulosic waste. among the various substrate combinations examined, neem hull and wheat bra ... | 2002 | 12396115 |
| effect of cryopreservation on the structural and functional integrity of cell membranes of sugarcane (saccharum sp.) embryogenic calluses. | in this paper, we investigated if the differences consistently noted in survival and plantlet production between cryopreserved and non-cryopreserved, control sugarcane embryogenic calluses were related to modifications induced during cryopreservation in the structural and functional integrity of cell membranes. for this, the evolution of electrolyte leakage, lipid peroxidation products and cell membrane protein contents was measured during 5 d after cryopreservation. differences between control ... | 2013 | 12391484 |
| taxonomic position of sugarcane streak mosaic virus in the family potyviridae. | acdna library was generated from purified rna of sugarcane streak mosaic virus--andhra pradesh (scsmv-ap). two overlapping clones covering 3160 nucleotides encoding partial ci, complete 6k2, vpg-nia and nib genes were sequenced. a comparison of this sequence along with the 3' terminal 1315 nucleotides of scsmv-ap determined earlier with the other members of the family potyviridae indicated that it had only 30% identity at the amino acid level for the partial polyprotein open reading frame (orf) ... | 2002 | 12376760 |
| pheromone-based trapping of west indian sugarcane weevil in a sugarcane plantation. | attraction of metamasius hemipterus (oliver) to gallon and bamboo traps baited with insecticide-treated sugarcane, the male-produced pheromone, 4-methyl-5-nonanol, and 2-methyl-4-heptanol is more efficient if ethyl acetate is added. the optimal traps are ground-level gallon traps baited with insecticide-laced sugarcane, pheromone, and ethyl acetate. capture rates of ground-level gallon traps are doubled by placing an insecticide-laced pad under the trap, but significantly decreased by placing th ... | 2002 | 12371817 |
| cellulomonas flavigena: characterization of an endo-1,4-xylanase tightly induced by sugarcane bagasse. | xylanases, an important group of enzymes for biomass degradation in the industry, are commonly found forming complex multienzyme systems. as a preliminary step to the construction of efficient xylanase producers using genetic engineering, we have characterized a gene encoding an endo-beta-1,4 xylanase (xyncfla) from cellulomonas flavigena. the xylanase activity and the xyncfla synthesis were higher when c. flavigena was grown on sugarcane bagasse. in this substrate, both activity and transcript ... | 2002 | 12351232 |
| macro-scale water scarcity requires micro-scale approaches. aspects of vulnerability in semi-arid development. | 4 types of water scarcity exist. aridity and intermittent droughts consist of the natural types while land desiccation and water stress are man-made types. climatic aridity, intermittent droughts, land degradation, and population growth link to create growing critical water scarcity conditions. specifically, in arid lands where only a limited growing season exists anyhow, increased and nonsustaining activities spurred on by population growth degrade soils resulting in interference with water ... | 1989 | 12317608 |
| migration within the periphery: haitian labor in the dominican sugar and coffee industries. | "this article presents data on the employment of haitian labor in the sugar and coffee sectors in the dominican economy. the haitian cyclical pattern of migration is related to the enclave pattern of development as it has occurred in the dominican republic. the common features of both coffee and sugarcane production which stimulate the reliance on cheap foreign labor are discussed." | 1982 | 12312174 |
| migration, remittances and development: a study of caribbean cane cutters in florida. | the results of a 1981 survey of 302 caribbean sugarcane cutters who were temporary immigrants in florida are presented. the focus is on remittances to the islands of origin. the results provide "no evidence that seasonal stateside employment expands agricultural output, or enhances the productive capacity of small farmers in the caribbean." | 1985 | 12280257 |
| electrophysiological studies and identification of possible sex pheromone components of brazilian populations of the sugarcane borer, diatraea saccharalis. | virgin female gland extracts of sugarcane moth diatraea saccharalis (fabricius) (lepidoptera: pyralidae), from three locations in brazil, have been analyzed. by gc-ms analysis and comparison of the chromatographic retention time of the components of the pheromone gland with those retention times of synthetic standards, we observed the presence of (z)-hexadec-11-enal (1), hexadecanal (2), (9e,11z)-hexadecadienal (4), (9z,11z)-hexadecadienal (5) and (9e,11e)-hexadecadienal (6), as minor components ... | 2002 | 12241007 |
| a nitrogen-fixing endophyte of sugarcane stems (a new role for the apoplast). | the intercellular spaces of sugarcane (saccharum officinarum l.) stem parenchyma are filled with solution (determined by cryoscanning microscopy), which can be removed aseptically by centrifugation. it contained 12% sucrose (suc; ph 5.5.) and yielded pure cultures of an acid-producing bacterium (approximately 104 bacteria/ml extracted fluid) on n-poor medium containing 10% suc (ph 5.5). this bacterium was identical with the type culture of acetobacter diazotrophicus, a recently discovered n2-fix ... | 1994 | 12232271 |
| immunological evidence for the existence of a carrier protein for sucrose transport in tonoplast vesicles from red beet (beta vulgaris l.) root storage tissue. | monoclonal antibodies were raised in mice against a highly purified tonoplast fraction from isolated red beet (beta vulgaris l. ssp. conditiva) root vacuoles. positive hybridoma clones and sub-clones were identified by prescreening using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) and by postscreening using a functional assay. this functional assay consisted of testing the impact of hybridoma supernatants and antibody-containing ascites fluids on basal and atp-stimulated sugar uptake in vacuole ... | 1993 | 12231863 |
| freundlich adsorption isotherms of agricultural by-product-based powdered activated carbons in a geosmin-water system. | the present study was designed to model the adsorption of geosmin from water under laboratory conditions using the freundlich isotherm model. this model was used to compare the efficiency of sugarcane bagasse and pecan shell-based powdered activated carbon to the efficiency of a coal-based commercial activated carbon (calgon filtrasorb 400). when data were generated from freundlich isotherms, calgon filtrasorb 400 had greater geosmin adsorption at all geosmin concentrations studied than the labo ... | 2002 | 12227536 |
| analyzing the light energy distribution in the photosynthetic apparatus of c4 plants using highly purified mesophyll and bundle-sheath thylakoids. | the chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics of mesophyll and bundle-sheath thylakoids from plant species with the c4 dicarboxylic acid pathway of photosynthesis were investigated using flow cytometry. ten species with the nadp-malic enzyme (nadp-me) biochemical type of c4 photosynthesis were tested: digitaria sanguinalis (l.) scop., euphorbia maculata l., portulaca grandiflora hooker, saccharum officinarum l., setaria viridis (l.) beauv., zea mays l., and four species of the genus flaveria. thi ... | 1996 | 12226432 |
| a sugarcane cystatin: recombinant expression, purification, and antifungal activity. | plants possess several defense mechanisms against pathogenic attack. one of these defenses is the use of protease inhibitor proteins, which interfere in the development and growth of pathogens. sugarcane productivity can be impacted by the plant's susceptibility to fungal diseases that result in production losses. a relevant line of investigation, therefore, is into the plant's natural defense mechanisms for the control of phytopathogens using cystatins-proteins that specifically inhibit cystein ... | 2002 | 12207900 |
| pakistan. | pakistan's background notes which profile the population, geography, government, and the economy contain a capsule of selected country statistics and a descriptive text. pakistan has 117 million people distributed at 134/sq km with a growth rate of 3%. the major cities are islamabad, rawalpindi, karachi, lahore, and faisalabad. ethnic groups include the punjabi, sindhi, pathan, baluch, and huhajirs. 97% are muslim. urdu is the official language, but 65% speak punjabi, 11% sindhi, and 24% ot ... | 1992 | 12178039 |
| evidence for protection of nitrogenase from o(2) by colony structure in the aerobic diazotroph gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus. | gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus is an endophytic diazotroph of sugarcane which exhibits nitrogenase activity when growing in colonies on solid media. nitrogenase activity of g. diazotrophicus colonies can adapt to changes in atmospheric partial pressure of oxygen (po(2)). this paper investigates whether colony structure and the position of g. diazotrophicus cells in the colonies are components of the bacterium's ability to maintain nitrogenase activity at a variety of atmospheric po(2) values. ... | 2002 | 12177323 |
| behaviour of ribosomal genes and nucleolar domains during activation in sugarcane (saccharum officinarum l.) root primordia: from the unsoaked quiescent state to the steady state of proliferation. | changes in the organisation of ribosomal genes and nucleolar protein components were analysed in sugarcane (saccharum officinarum l. cv cristalina) from the time the quiescent primordia of the radical bands of nodes were stimulated to proliferate by water imbibition, until the meristematic population reached the steady state of proliferation in the growing roots. the kinetics of proliferation was evaluated by flow cytometry, and by the mitotic indexes, in roots of different lengths. all the quie ... | 2002 | 12152792 |
| physical and chemical properties of selected agricultural byproduct-based activated carbons and their ability to adsorb geosmin. | the objectives of this study were to evaluate selected physical and chemical properties of agricultural byproduct-based activated carbons made from pecan shells and sugarcane bagasse, and compare those properties to a commercial coal-based activated carbon as well as to compare the adsorption efficiency of these carbons for geosmin. comparison of the physical and chemical properties of pecan shell- and bagasse-based carbons to the commercial carbon, calgon filtrasorb 400, showed that pecan shell ... | 2002 | 12139335 |
| metabolic behavior of immobilized candida guilliermondii cells during batch xylitol production from sugarcane bagasse acid hydrolyzate. | candida guilliermondii cells, immobilized in ca-alginate beads, were used for batch xylitol production from concentrated sugarcane bagasse hydrolyzate. maximum xylitol concentration (20.6 g/l), volumetric productivity (0.43 g/l. h), and yield (0.47 g/g) obtained after 48 h of fermentation were higher than similar immobilized-cell systems but lower than free-cell cultivation systems. substrates, products, and biomass concentrations were used in material balances to study the ways in which the dif ... | 2002 | 12115432 |
| fate and effects of the triazinone herbicide metribuzin in experimental pond mesocosms. | metribuzin is a triazinone herbicide that is widely used for the control of grasses and broad-leaved weeds in soybeans, sugarcane, and numerous other crops. metribuzin is highly toxic to freshwater macrophytes and algae under laboratory conditions (median plant ec(50) = 31 microg/l; n = 11 species) but has not been studied under controlled outdoor conditions. we conducted a 6-week study to examine the aquatic fate and effects of metribuzin in 0.1-ha outdoor aquatic mesocosms. mesocosms (n = 2 pe ... | 2002 | 12115045 |
| characterisation of potyviruses from sugarcane and maize in china. | sugarcane or maize leaves with mosaic virus symptoms were collected from 13 sites in china. sequence data showed that all 8 samples from maize contained sugarcane mosaic virus (scmv); complete sequences were determined from 2 samples and partial sequences (the ci coding region and the 3'-part of the genome) from the others. the 5 sugarcane samples all contained a virus tentatively described as sorghum mosaic virus (srmv) and in three of them scmv was also detected; 2 srmv sequences and the 3 scm ... | 2002 | 12111432 |
| coiled bodies in nuclei from plant cells evolving from dormancy to proliferation. | to characterise the coiled bodies in meristematic nuclei of saccharum officinarum, immunofluorescence labelling with antibodies against components of the splicing (u2b'' and sm core protein b) and pre-rrna processing (fibrillarin) complexes was used in cells from the dormant root primordia and from roots at different times after activation to the steady state of proliferation. the number, size and distribution of coiled bodies varied in the meristematic tissue depending on cell activity. while g ... | 2002 | 12068973 |
| sugarcane, chicken and radish sprouts: a sampling of country food safety experiences. | 2002 | 12066766 | |
| sugarcane bagasse as alternative packing material for biofiltration of benzene polluted gaseous streams: a preliminary study. | removal of benzene vapor from gaseous streams was studied in two identically sized lab-scale biofiltration columns: one filled with a mixture of raw sugarcane bagasse and glass beads, and the other one packed with a mixture of ground sugarcane bagasse and glass beads, in the same volume ratio, as filter materials. separate series of continuous tests were performed, in parallel, under the same operating conditions (inlet benzene concentration of 10.0, 20.0 or 50.0 mg m(-3), and superficial gas ve ... | 2002 | 12056491 |
| evaluation of lectin-expressing transgenic sugarcane against stalkborers (lepidoptera: pyralidae): effects on life history parameters. | the impact of snowdrop lectin (galanthus nivalis agglutinin, gna) expressed in transgenic sugarcane on life history parameters of mexican rice borer [eoreuma loftini (dyar)] and sugarcane borer [diatraea saccharalis (f.)] (both lepidoptera: pyralidae) was evaluated. in the laboratory, lyophilized sugarcane leaf sheath tissue was incorporated in a meridic diet resulting in a gna concentration of 0.47% of total protein, and used for insect bioassays over two successive generations. deleterious eff ... | 2002 | 12020029 |
| growth of am fungi on in vitro root organ culture of sorghum vulgare and saccharum officinarum. | spores of gl mosseae and gig gigantea germinated on minimal medium produced extraradical mycelium. gl. mosseae infected roots of s. officinarum in in vitro condition were inoculated in m medium with in vitro cultured roots of sorghum vulgare (test roots). from the infected root of s. officinarum, the mycelium developed and it infected the test roots. the roots developed new mycelia and further the mycelia produced a few hyaline spores. in ms medium combined with soil extract, root exudate, thiam ... | 2001 | 12018527 |
| xylose reductase activity of candida guilliermondii during xylitol production by fed-batch fermentation: selection of process variables. | xylose reductase activity of candida guilliermondii fti 20037 was evaluated during xylitol production by fed-batch fermentation of sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate. a 2(4-1) fractional factorial design was used to select process variables. the xylose concentrations in the feeding solution (s(f)) and in the fermentor (s0), the ph, and the aeration rate were selected for optimization of this process, which will be undertaken in the near future. the best experimental result was achieved at s(f) = 45 g ... | 2002 | 12018309 |
| comparison of the fermentability of enzymatic hydrolyzates of sugarcane bagasse pretreated by steam explosion using different impregnating agents. | sugarcane bagasse is a potential lignocellulosic feedstock for ethanol production, since it is cheap, readily available, and has a high carbohydrate content. in this work, bagasse was subjected to steam explosion pretreatment with different impregnation conditions. three parallel pretreatments were carried out, one without any impregnation, a second with sulfur dioxide, and a third with sulfuric acid as the impregnating agent. the pretreatments were performed at 205 degrees c for 10 min. the pre ... | 2002 | 12018294 |
| growth of lignocellulosic-fermenting fungi on different substrates under low oxygenation conditions. | four soil fungi able to grow under low oxygenation conditions were selected and used in studies to determine the production of enzymes that promote the degradation of lignocellulosic materials. the capacity of these fungi to ferment such materials was also investigated. the fungi were grown in sugarcane bagasse and sawdust at final concentrations of 4 and 10%, as the carbon sources. the strains were cultivated under microaerophilic and combined conditions of oxygenation (aerobic followed by micr ... | 2002 | 12018291 |
| use of immobilized candida yeast cells for xylitol production from sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate: cell immobilization conditions. | candida guilliermondii cells were immobilized in ca-alginate beads and used for xylitol production from concentrated sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate. a full factorial design was employed to determine whether variations in the immobilization conditions would have any effects on the beads, chemical stability and on the xylitol production rates. duplicate fermentation runs were carried out in 125-ml erlenmeyer flasks maintained in a rotatory shaker at 30 degrees c and 200 rpm for 72 h. samples were p ... | 2002 | 12018274 |
| xylose reductase and xylitol dehydrogenase activities of candida guilliermondii as a function of different treatments of sugarcane bagasse hemicellulosic hydrolysate employing experimental design. | the sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate, which is rich in xylose, can be used as culture medium for candida guilliermondii in xylitol production. however, the hydrolysate obtained from bagasse by acid hydrolysis at 120 degrees c for 20 min has by-products (acetic acid and furfural, among others), which are toxic to the yeast over certain concentrations. so, the hydrolysate must be pretreated before using in fermentation. the pretreatment variables considered were: adsorption time (15,37.5, and 60 min) ... | 2002 | 12018268 |
| panus tigrinus strains used in delignification of sugarcane bagasse prior to kraft pulping. | three strains of the white-rot fungus panus tigrinus (ftpt-4741, ftpt-4742, and ftpt-4745) were cultivated on sugarcane bagasse prior to kraft pulping. pulp yields, kappa number, and viscosity of all pulps were determined and fourier transform infrared (ftir) spectra from the samples were recorded. the growth of p. tigrinus strains in plastic bags increased the manganese peroxide and xylanase activities. lignin peroxidase was not detected in the three systems (shaken and nonshaken flasks and pla ... | 2002 | 12018265 |
| action of white-rot fungus panus tigrinus on sugarcane bagasse: evaluation of selectivity. | biological pretreatments with three selected strains of panus tigrinus were used for delignification of sugarcane bagasse. the fungi with potential for delignification were analyzed by determining the chemical composition of the decayed bagasse samples, and the selectivity in terms of weight loss of the different components was evaluated. all the strains grow abundantly on bagasse as unique carbon source. after determining the chemical composition of degraded bagasse, p. tigrinus ftpt-4745 was s ... | 2002 | 12018262 |
| mixed submerged fermentation with two filamentous fungi for cellulolytic and xylanolytic enzyme production. | the efficient saccharification of lignocellulosic materials requires the cooperative actions of different cellulase enzyme activities: exoglucanase, endoglucanase, beta-glucosidase, and xylanase. previous studies with the fungi strains aureobasidium sp. chte-18, penicillium sp. ch-te-001, and aspergillus terreus ch-te-013, selected mainly because of their different cellulolytic and xylanolytic activities, have demonstrated the capacity of culture filtrates of cross-synergistic action in the sacc ... | 2002 | 12018234 |
| identification of xanthans isolated from sugarcane juices obtained from scalded plants infected by xanthomonas albilineans. | the exudate gum produced by xanthomonas albilineans, a specific sugarcane pathogen, has been isolated from juices of diseased sugarcane stalks, hydrolyzed with hydrochloric acid, and the hydrolysate analyzed by capillary electrophoresis. sucrose. cellobiose, mannose, glucose, glucose-1-p and glucuronic acid were identified as the major components of the polysaccharide isolated from diseased stalks. juices from healthy stalks contained maltose instead of cellobiose. the chemical nature of this po ... | 2002 | 12013236 |
| improved detection of sugarcane yellow leaf virus using a real-time fluorescent (taqman) rt-pcr assay. | yellow leaf syndrome (yls) of sugarcane has been associated with sugarcane yellow leaf virus (scylv) and has been reported from most sugarcane growing countries around the world. as sugarcane is vegetatively propagated, it is important to use effective and sensitive detection methods to screen new propagating material. virus detection in symptomatic tissue is currently achieved using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), tissue blot immunoassay (tbia) or a conventional rt-pcr based assay. t ... | 2002 | 12008005 |
| malaria transmission risk variations derived from different agricultural practices in an irrigated area of northern tanzania. | malaria vector anopheles and other mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) were monitored for 12 months during 1994-95 in villages of lower moshi irrigation area (37 degrees 20' e, 3 degrees 21' s; approximately 700 m a.s.l.) south of mount kilimanjaro in northern tanzania. adult mosquito populations were sampled fortnightly by five methods: human bait collection indoors (18.00-06.00 hours) and outdoors (18.00-24.00 hours); from daytime resting-sites indoors and outdoors; by cdc light-traps over sleeper ... | 2002 | 11963979 |
| extraction by reversed micelles of the intracellular enzyme xylose reductase. | xylose reductase enzyme (ec 1.1.1.21) produced by candida guilliermondii in sugarcane bagasse was extracted by reversed micelles of n-benzyl-n-dodecyl-n-bis (2-hydroxyethyl) ammonium chloride cationic surfactant. an experimental design was employed to evaluate the influences of the following factors on the enzyme extraction: temperature, cosolvent, and surfactant concentration. a model was used to represent the enzyme recovery and fit of the experimental data. the extraction yielded a total reco ... | 2001 | 11963903 |
| xylanase production by aspergillus awamori in solid-state fermentation and influence of different nitrogen sources. | the use of purified xylan as a substrate for bioconversion into xylanases increases the cost of enzyme production. consequently, there have been attempts to develop a bioprocess to produce such enzymes using different lignocellulosic residues. filamentous fungi have been widely used to produce hydrolytic enzymes for industrial applications, including xylanases, whose levels in fungi are generally much higher than those in yeast and bacteria. considering the industrial importance of xylanases, th ... | 2001 | 11963896 |
| preliminary kinetic characterization of xylose reductase and xylitol dehydrogenase extracted from candida guilliermondii fti 20037 cultivated in sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate for xylitol production. | candida guilliermondii fti 20037 was cultured in sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate supplemented with 2.0 g/l of (nh4)2so4, 0.1 g/l of cacl2 x 2h2o, and 20.0 g/l of rice bran at 35 degrees c; ph 4.0; agitation of 300 rpm; and aeration of 0.4, 0.6, or 0.8 vvm. the high xylitol production (20.0 g/l) and xylose reductase (xr) activity (658.8 u/mg of protein) occurred at an aeration of 0.4 vvm. under this condition, the xylitol dehydrogenase (xd) activity was low. the apparent k(m) for xr and xd against ... | 2001 | 11963895 |
| bleachability and characterization by fourier transform infrared principal component analysis of acetosolv pulps obtained from sugarcane bagasse. | sugarcane bagasse acetosolv pulps were bleached by xylanase and the pulps classified by using fourier transform infrared (ftir) spectroscopy and principal component analysis (pca). pulp was treated with xylanase for 4-8 hwith stirring at 30 degrees c. some samples were further extracted with naoh for 1 h at 65 degrees c. ftir spectra were recorded directly from the dried pulp samples by using the diffuse reflectance technique. reduction in kappa number of 69% was obtained after sequence xylanase ... | 2001 | 11963892 |
| transformation and transposon mutagenesis of leifsonia xyli subsp. xyli, causal organism of ratoon stunting disease of sugarcane. | conditions have been developed for genetic transformation and insertional mutagenesis in leifsonia xyli subsp. xyli (lxx), the causal organism of ratoon stunting disease (rsd), one of the most damaging and intractable diseases of sugarcane internationally. transformation frequencies ranged from 1 to 10 colony forming units (cfu)/microg of plasmid dna using clavibacter/escherichia coli shuttle vectors pcg188, pdm302, and pdm306 and ranged from 50 to 500 cfu/microg using cosmid cloning vectors pla ... | 2002 | 11952129 |
| improvement in xylitol production from sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate achieved by the use of a repeated-batch immobilized cell system. | candida guilliermondii cells were immobilized in ca-alginate beads and used for xylitol production from concentrated sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate during five successive fermentation batches, each lasting 48 hours. the bioconversion efficiency of 53.2%, the productivity of 0.50 g/l x h and the final xylitol concentration of 23.8 g/l obtained in the first batch increased to 61.5%, 0.59 g/l x h and 28.4 g/l, respectively, in the other four batches (mean values), with variation coefficients of up t ... | 2002 | 11930897 |