Publications

[effect of the cooking-extrusion process (brady crop cooker) on the nutritive value of mixtures based on cowpea (vigna sinensis)-corn, and cowpea-cassava].		1980	7283629
performance and pathophysiological changes in pregnant pigs fed cassava diets containing different levels of cyanide.		1981	7255905
tapioca melanoma of the iris arising from a ciliary body melanoma.		1981	7247170
methionine requirement of weanling large white x landrace pigs and determined by plasma urea concentration, nitrogen retention and some urinary nitrogenous components.	the methionine requirements of weanling large white x landrace pigs fed a 20% protein cassava flour-soybean meal diet were evaluated using nitrogen balance, plasma urea concentration, urinary nitrogenous end products and the index--(allantoin/urinary urea) x protein intake (a/u x ip). sensitivities of the response criteria to sex differences in methionine requirements were compared. allantoin excretion consistently and significantly (p less than 0.05) increased with increasing methionine levels ...	1981	7241224
effect of rice & tapioca on lipids concentration in tissues in rats under different conditions of dietary intake of protein & fat.		1980	7216262
lipid metabolism in rats fed rice and tapioca.		1982	7174042
use of cassava leaf meal in diets for pigs in the humid tropics.		1982	7157480
guaraná (paullinia cupana var. sorbilis): ecological and social perspectives on an economic plant of the central amazon basin.	guaraná is considered an ideal crop for supplementing the incomes of small peasant farmers in the amazon basin. a fast-growing perennial, guaraná can be planted in the midst of manioc crops, allowing the formation of extensive orchards in the place of regenerating scrub once the manioc has been harvested. traditional forms of guaraná agriculture practised by the saterê-mawé indians compare favourably with the plantation system favoured by government agronomists. indigenous techniques of hand-pro ...	1982	7154700
cassava: a basic energy source in the tropics.	cassava (manihot esculenta) is the fourth most important source of food energy in the tropics. more than two-thirds of the total production of this crop is used as food for humans, with lesser amounts being used for animal feed and industrial purposes. the ingestion of high levels of cassava has been associated with chronic cyanide toxicity in parts of africa, but this appears to be related to inadequate processing of the root and poor overall nutrition. although cassava is not a complete food i ...	1982	7134971
starch phosphorylase from tapioca leaves: absence of pyridoxal phosphate.		1982	7125672
endemic goiter in vietnam.	endemic goiter involves about 15% of the population of vietnam. to define the role of various factors which contribute to endemic goiter in vietnam, we surveyed 935 people in vancon, a lowland commune with goiter appearing only in the past decade, and 619 people in dich giao, a highland commune with endemic goiter treated erratically with iodized salt. in dich giao, cassava, a goitrogenic food, constitutes half of the dietary caloric intake. the prevalence of goiter was 45% in vancon and 28% in ...	1983	6863473
tapioca melanoma of the iris: a contribution to the fine structure and its significance.	a case of iris malignant melanoma, macroscopically classified as tapioca melanoma, was studied by electron microscopy. the tumor originated in the left eye of a patient, and a specimen was obtained during iridociclectomy. two main types of cells were found: the differences between them concerned mainly the golgi complex, mitochondria, rer and free ribosomes. the melanotic bodies, scantly represented, were carefully examined. the ultrastructural findings enabled us to classify these two types of ...	1983	6843964
[preliminary serological study of fungus cultivated by the manioc ant acromyrmex octospinosus reich in guadeloupe].	the serologic study of four strains of fungus cultivated by acromyrmex octospinosus (reich) in guadeloupe has revealed four major antigens common to all four strains. two additional weaker antigens were present in some but not all strains, which may indicate quantitative differences in viral particles in the hyphae of the fungi. the use of serological techniques should facilitate taxonomic study of the fungi (and possibly the virus or viruses which parasitize the fungi) cultivated by different s ...	1981	6788387
feed value of heated and unheated cassava starch for chicks.		1980	6784412
optimal level of cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) flour in the diet of the growing chick.		1980	6781176
cassava as a food.	this review has attempted to examine information pertaining to the role of cassava (manihot esculenta) as a major food source for a large part of the world population, particularly the countries of south america, africa, and asia, where it is primarily a major source of energy for 300 to 500 million people. its cultivation, usually on small farms with little technology, is estimated to cover on an annual basis about 11 million hectares providing about 105 million tons, more than half of which is ...	1982	6756790
the nutritional value of cassava root meal in laying hen diets.		1984	6708461
the efficiency of microbial protein synthesis in the rumen and the degradability of feed nitrogen between the mouth and abomasum in steers given different diets.	protozoa-free steers with simple rumen and abomasal cannulas were given basal diets consisting of a concentrate mixture of flaked maize and tapioca with barley straw (bs) or alkali-treated barley straw (bsa). other diets were supplemented with urea (bsu and bsau respectively) or with fish meal replacing the tapioca (bsf and bsaf respectively). the diets were isoenergetic and calculated to provide sufficient metabolizable energy (me) to support a growth rate of 0.5 kg/d. rumen-degradable nitrogen ...	1984	6689944
the simultaneous estimation of the amounts of protozoal, bacterial and dietary nitrogen entering the duodenum of steers.	four steers were given straw and tapioca diets, twice daily, in a 4 x 4 latin-square design. these diets, containing 4.2 g nitrogen/kg dry matter (dm), were further supplemented with either urea, decorticated groundnut meal (dcgm), untreated (ut) casein or formaldehyde-treated (ft) casein to give a total of 19.7 g n/kg dm and 10.5 mj/kg dm daily. concurrent samples of rumen bacteria and protozoa and abomasal digesta were collected for each period of the experiment and the concentrations of 2-ami ...	1984	6689939
effects of level of dietary intake and physical form of protein supplement on the digestibilities of different dietary carbohydrates between mouth and abomasum of young steers.	steers fitted with simple rumen and abomasal cannulas were given isoenergetic diets of rolled barley and chopped straw, pelleted together with some tapioca alone (b) or with some tapioca replaced by coarse soyabean meal (m) or finely ground soyabean flour (f). the diets were given at two levels to support 0.5 (l) and 1.0 (h) kg/d live weight gain. chromic oxide and peg were given as digesta flow markers. mouth to abomasum digestibilities of different dietary sugars at the low level of intake (lb ...	1983	6686438
effect of feeding cooked tapioca as compared to rice on the metabolism of glycosaminoglycans in rats.		1983	6671677
production of oxalic acid by some fungi infected tubers.	oxalic acid (as oxalate) was detected in four tubers commonly used for food in nigeria-dioscorea rotundata (white yam), solanum tuberosum (irish potato), ipomoea batatas (sweet potato), and manihot esculenta (cassava). whereas healthy i. batata had the highest oxalic acid content, healthy m. esculenta contained the lowest. when all tubers were artifically inoculated with four fungi-penicillium oxalicum curie and thom, aspergillus niger van tiegh, a. flavus and a. tamarii kita, there was an incre ...	1983	6670294
the chemical composition and true metabolisable energy content of cassava root meal imported into northern ireland.		1983	6632790
factors influencing the digestion of dietary carbohydrates between the mouth and abomasum of steers.	six protozoa-free steers with simple rumen and abomasal cannulas were given basal diets consisting of a concentrate mixture of flaked maize and tapioca with either barley straw (bs) or alkali-treated barley straw (bsa). other diets used were supplemented with urea (bsu and bsau respectively) or contained fish meal in place of tapioca bsf and bsaf respectively). the diets were given in a 6 x 6 latin square design. diets were isoenergetic and provided sufficient metabolizable energy (me) to suppor ...	1983	6615772
factors affecting the capture of dietary nitrogen by micro-organisms in the forestomachs of the young steer. experiments with [15n]urea.	for a period of at least 2 weeks before an experimental collection each of four young steers received total daily intakes consisting of approximately (g/kg) 600 straw and 400 concentrates with the nitrogen provided mainly as urea and in which the main energy source was starch (tapioca) for diet 1 and glucose for diet 2. concentrates were given twice daily at about 09.00 and 17.00 hours, straw at 17.00 hours only. the value for the ratio, rumen-degradable n: metabolisable energy (g/mj) in the dai ...	1983	6615770
aspects of smoking in developing countries in africa.	this discussion of smoking in developing countries in africa focuses on the cultivation of tobacco and the economics of tobacco smoking. the cultivation of tobacco in africa has been encouraged in recent years by multinational companies, especially british american tobacco and rothmans, thus avoiding import duty on raw materials and conservation of scarce foreign exchange. in nigeria, 60,000 farmers now grow tobacco on 120,000 acres. the 3 major deleterious effects of cultivating tobacco are: ...	1983	6582385
[digestibility, protein value and protein requirements of diets based on plantain/bean and cassava/bean in young adults].	information is provided on the nitrogen intake for nitrogen equilibrium in young human adults fed a cassava/bean diet and a plantain/bean diet. ten individuals participating in each study ingested levels of 0, 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6 g protein/kg/day at a constant energy level (45 kcal/kg/day), using the short-term nitrogen balance method with multiple intakes. even with intakes of 105.7 and 117.4 mg n/kg/day for the cassava/bean and plantain/bean diets, the experimental subjects did not reach a positi ...	1984	6545646
natural toxins in plant foods.	certain plants - notably soya bean and cassava - contain substances which can produce adverse physiological effects in human beings. people have in some instances learnt to deal with these effects by cooking and other forms of preparation.	1984	6544944
the use of blends of cassava flour and extruded full-fat soybeans in diets for broiler chickens.	a study was conducted to determine the effects of blending different levels of a low-prussic acid cassava flour with extruded full-fat soybeans in diets for growing broiler chickens. the full-fat soybeans contribute oil which increases the energy content of the diet, aids in overcoming the dusty nature of cassava, and provide high-quality protein. one-third, two-thirds, and all of the maize was replaced by cassava in diets with none, 12.5 and 25% extruded full-fat soybeans. diets were fed in pel ...	1984	6544063
[sterility caused by protein deficiency: the role of prolactin].	the first piece of research was made on mice in order to try to determine the importance of the ration of protein in the food in the maintenance of pregnancy and the mechanism by which protein lack leads to sterility. five groups of 100 couples were given diets which contained 23.5%, 12.48%, 10.50%, 7.01% and 0% of protein respectively over a period of 100 days. the drop in the percentage of protein was obtained by adding detoxicated cassava flour and the diet without any protein was made up of ...	1984	6539794
[nutritive value of diets based on tubers and legumes consumed in 3 different proportions].	this study was an attempt to determine the nutritional value of diets based on mixtures of manioc and cowpea flours. the proportions analyzed were 87/13, 70/30 and 50/50, respectively. the effect of supplementing these diets with methionine was also investigated. the nutritional value of the diets was evaluated using as a basis the percentage of utilizable protein. findings revealed that the protein was best utilized when the percentages of manioc and cowpea flours were 50/50, with significant d ...	1984	6536219
starch phosphorylase from tapioca (manihot utilissima) tuber: isolation and some physico-chemical properties.		1984	6526410
the nucleotide sequence of maize streak virus dna.	the nucleotide sequence of the dna of maize streak virus (msv) has been determined. the data were accommodated into one dna circle of 2687 nucleotides, in contrast to previously characterised geminiviruses which have been shown to possess two circles of dna. comparison of the nucleotide sequences of the dna of msv with those of cassava latent virus (clv) and tomato golden mosaic virus (tgmv) showed no detectable homology. analysis of open reading frames revealed seven potential coding regions fo ...	1984	6526009
serum and tissue thiocyanate concentrations in growing pigs fed cassava peel or corn based diets containing graded protein levels.	thiocyanate concentrations of serum, liver, kidney, spleen and longissimus dorsi were determined in 64 growing large white x landrace pigs offered 8 experimental isocaloric diets containing different levels of cassava peel and crude protein. cassava peel increased serum thiocyanate on day 60 (p less than 0.01) and day 90 (p less than 0.01) of the trial, while the crude protein level increased it (p less than 0.05) on days 30 and 90, respectively. interaction of the two factors was significant on ...	1984	6506092
the time and energy expenditure of indigenous women horticulturalists in the northwest amazon.	the energy cost of subsistence activities and the daily time and energy budgets of tatuyo women were assessed as part of a village energy flow study. the tatuyo are swidden horticulturalists relying on bitter manioc (manihot esculenta) as a staple crop. except for the actual felling of new gardens, women are responsible for most of the horticultural work and food preparation. time budgets were assessed using 24-hour activity diaries. rates of energy expenditure in typical activities were measure ...	1984	6496659
physical structure and genetic organisation of the genome of maize streak virus (kenyan isolate).	the structure of the maize streak virus genome (kenyan isolate, msv-k), as determined from the sequence of clones obtained from dna isolated from virus particles, is composed of one major dna component of about 2.6 kb. msv virion dna is partially double-stranded, composed of a full-length virion (v) strand and a short (70-80b) primer (p) strand. the primer strand has a fixed 5'-end capped with alkaline labile material, presumably 1-2 ribonucleotides. the msv genome has two major coding regions o ...	1984	6493977
conversion of cassava starch to biomass, carbohydrates, and acids by aspergillus niger.	the filamentous fungus, aspergillus niger, efficiently converted cassava polysaccharides to mycelial mass, simple sugars, and acids during the course of its growth. a typical 70-ml culture broth containing 2% cassava polysaccharides yielded 0.38 g dry mycelial mass, 1.14 mmol reducing sugars, and 1.17 meq acids at the end of 42 h. about 70% of the initial total carbohydrate in the medium was degraded during the same period. the sugars and acids in the culture broths were analyzed by hplc on a si ...	1984	6490584
is the adult protein-energy malnutrition syndrome the same as that described in the infant?	protein-energy malnutrition, a multi-factorial disease, has been described predominantly in the infant. it was the aim of this research to give a biochemical assessment of the adult form and to compare it to the infantile syndrome within the same socio-cultural context of central zaïre (kwilu region). thirty-four children, 22 women and 2 men suffering from marasmic kwashiorkor at the hospital of yasa-bonga (kwilu) were submitted to a complete set of 7 anthropometric and 60 biochemical tests. the ...	1983	6416888
[acetobutylic fermentation: strains and regional raw materials].	the purpose of the present work was to show, as a first stage, that it is possible to characterize autochtohnous strains of clostridium acetobutilicum of a good solvent producing capacity, specially n-butanol, through the utilization of suitable techniques for isolating anaerobic microorganisms. cassava roots were employed as raw material using suitable culture media and an anaerobic jar of cold catalyst. the fermentative capacity of the strains thus isolated was evaluated against a control stra ...	1983	6400763
prevalence of heat-stable ii enterotoxigenic escherichia coli in pigs, water, and people at farms in thailand as determined by dna hybridization.	the dna hybridization assay employing a 460-base-pair fragment of dna encoding for the methanol-insoluble form of heat-stable toxin (st-ii) was used to determine the prevalence of st-ii enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) in pigs, people, and water at 57 farms in sri racha, thailand. st-ii etec was found in 62 (3%) of 2,110 suckling, 181 (32%) of 560 weaned, and 4 (1%) of 457 adult pigs examined. of 62 suckling pigs with st-ii etec infections 21% had diarrhea, but none of 185 infected older ...	1984	6371049
[post-traumatic nodular scleroderma].	scleroderma of rare appearance in children appears in minor scale as to the five per cent on the whole incidence of this collagen disease. the children usually present localized scleroderma and at times associated with other pathologies, traumatisms and injections were referred. two patients aged 5 and 13 years old are presented, both with nodular lesions on anterolateral thigh area, and in the right buttock respectively. the patches of a side bigger than the palm of hand were only touchable and ...	1983	6366390
cyanide in human disease: a review of clinical and laboratory evidence.	experimental cyanide exposure in animals causes demyelination and circumstantial clinical and laboratory evidence suggest that there are human parallels. in leber's hereditary optic atrophy there appears to be a defect in the conversion of cyanide to thiocyanate because of deficient rhodanese activity. for transmitters of the disease smoking carries the risk of blindness and in the most severely affected patients, there is diffuse neurological disease. it is possible that other hereditary optic ...	1983	6357925
fungal protein produced on cassava for growing rats and pigs.		1983	6341343
effects of increasing the fibre content of a layer diet.	the fibre content of a basal diet fed to laying hens was increased from 149.2 g to between 218.6 and 292.3 g/kg by the inclusion of various fibrous farm wastes and by-products at 200 g/kg diet. the fibrous ingredients lowered the metabolisable energy (me) of the basal diet from 11.82 to between 9.31 and 11.21 mj/kg. utilisation (g food/kg egg) of the basal diet was not significantly different from values for diets containing maize cob, cassava or maize starch residues. the diet containing maize ...	1984	6329485
cholesterol binding capacity of fiber from tropical fruits and vegetables.	the cholesterol binding capacity of 28 fiber samples from a variety of the more common tropical fruits and vegetables was determined. the binding capacity of cholestyramine, cellulose, lignin, guar gum and citrus pectin were also determined. capacities were evaluated by an in vitro method that simulates the effect of the human digestive system on fiber using a series of enzymatic treatments before the binding was determined. binding values varied from 3% for a soluble fraction of cassava to 84% ...	1984	6323908
effect of feeding cassava root meal on reproduction and growth of rabbits.	in an experiment designed to determine the effect of feeding cassava-based diets on reproduction of young rabbit does, 16 new zealand white does, about 36 weeks old, were fed four diets containing 0, 15, 30 or 45% cassava root meal (crm) daily plus 200 g of green herbage every other day. after being fed those diets for 42 days, the does were bred to bucks fed standard commercial diet. the does were bred two more times after the pups were weaned at 5 weeks of age. offspring of the first breeding ...	1980	6245195
[goitrogens of vegetable origin as possible aetiological factors in endemic goiter (author's transl)].	ingestion of unsoaked cassava is followed by an increase of the thiocyanate production in men and in rats. even a moderate increase of serum scn concentration induces, in chronic conditions, a clearcut goitrogenic effect characterized by the aggravation of the effects of a preexisting iodine deficiency. the mechanism of the antithyroid action of scn at low concentrations, lies in an acceleration of the exit rate of thyroidal iodide; this effect cannot be identified by the usual clinical investig ...	1981	6176177
goitrogenic activity of cassava (a staple nigerian food).		1966	5964173
[casein flocculation of cow's milk in the presence of starch paste. comparison between tapioca and other starches].		1965	5896904
relationship of a degenerative tropical neuropathy to diet: report of a field survey.	a survey of neurological abnormalities in two nigerian villages preselected for their differing consumption of cassava has shown that a degenerative neuropathy occurs with relatively high frequency in the village (ososa) where cassava consumption was high.it is suggested that eating cassava results in exposure to cyanide, as shown by a raised plasma thiocyanate level, and that the latter, together with other factors, may contribute to the pathogenesis of "tropical neuropathy."	1969	5764702
[food plants. the "latest" manioc].		2009	5738487
the amount of iron in processed cassava (manihot utilissima).		1968	5639812
studies on udp-glucose: d-fructose 2-glucosyltransferase from tapioca tuber.		1971	5545484
[nutritive role of certain edible tropical leaves (manioc, yam, baobab and silk-cotton tree)].		1970	5509597
cassava diet and cyanide metabolism in wistar rats.		1970	5470780
[part of cassava leaf (manihot utilissima) in alimentary diets of tropical type].		1970	5426027
the nutritive value of cassava leaf meal.		1969	5389921
the effect of dietary histidine and arginine on growth in the guinea-pig as a test of the amino acid imbalance in plantain and cassava.		1969	5368011
[the technology of manioc in cameroon. its influence on nutritive value].		1971	5162016
energy value of a cassava-rice bran diet with and without supplemental zinc for growing pigs.		1972	5085301
pressure cooked urea-cassava meal for lambs consuming low quality hay.		1972	5075829
biochemical studies in tanzanian patients with ataxic tropical neuropathy.	data on thiocyanate and vitamin b(12) concentrations in plasma from tanzanian patients with ataxic tropical neuropathy are presented and support the hypothesis that, as in nigeria, the condition may result from chronic exposure to cyanide or cyanogens from a diet including large amounts of cassava.	2015	5026008
[cassava in swine nutrition. 2. digestibility of cassava under various presentations].		1973	4805575
[cassava in swine nutrition. i. possibilities and limitations of its use].		1973	4805574
letter: manioc unsuitable for turkeys.		2016	4770601
[silage of manioc roots].		1972	4675017
changes in the carbohydrate constituents of cassava root-tuber (manihot utilissima pohl) during growth.		1972	4660327
tapioca melanoma of the iris. 2. electron microscopy of the melanoma cells compared with normal iris melanocytes.		1972	4644734
tapioca melanoma of the iris. 1. clinical and light microscopy studies.		1972	4644733
[alcohol from mandioca by continuous fermentation].		2015	4524330
goitrogenic action of cyanogenic glucosides present in cassava: a possible etiologic factor of endemic goiter in the idjwi island.		1973	4523769
[protein value of mixtures of bean flour and cassava flour. i. index of protein efficiency and growth of animals].		1974	4499413
[nutritional value of flour mixture based on wheat flour: with opaque-2 cornmeal, common cornmeal and cassava flour].		1974	4499409
lipids of cassava tubers (manihot esculenta crantz).		1974	4437153
the nutritional value of yeast grown on alkanes determined in experiments with rats and piglets on mixed grain and tapioca meal base diets.		1974	4416388
acute tapioca poisoning in a child.		1969	4312740
metabolic activity of starch granules from the tapioca (manihot utilissima) plant: iv. further studies on the enzyme make-up of starch granules.		1967	4228209
metabolic activity of starch granules from the tapioca (manihot utilissima) plant: 3. starch granules as multienzyme units.		1966	4227367
metabolic activity of starch granules from the tapioca plant. ii. functional activity of starch granules from tuber.		1965	4221005
a preliminary study on the action of cassava on thyroid iodine metabolism in rats.		1973	4127199
chronic cassava toxicity.		1973	4124430
fine structure of tapioca melanoma of the iris.	a case of a tapioca melanoma of the iris is studied by light and electron microscopy. nodular elevations of the tumour were composed of spindle b- and epitheloid cells and of what appeared to be intermediate types. tiny structures scattered over the entire tumour consisted of smaller epitheloid cells, many of which were found around superficial tumour vessels. evidently, tapioca melanoma of the iris does not represent any specific histopathological entity. tapioca melanoma of the iris is a low-g ...	1985	4075959
effect of thiamin status on the metabolism of linamarin in rats.	the effect of graded levels of thiamin on the metabolism of linamarin was investigated in rats. it was observed that on a diet deficient in thiamin, a large amount of linamarin was recovered unchanged in the urine, together with significantly more thiocyanate (scn-) relative to the control. the least amount of thiocyanate (p less than 0.05 relative to control) was found in animals receiving the highest amount (twice daily requirement) of thiamin in the diet; but the amount of unmetabolized linam ...	1985	4051453
cassava is not a goitrogen in mice.	to examine the effect of cassava on the thyroid function of mice, we fed fresh cassava root to mice and compared this diet with low iodine diet and purina. cassava provided a low iodine intake and increased urine thiocyanate excretion and serum thiocyanate levels. mice on cassava lost weight. the thyroid glands of mice on cassava were not enlarged, even when normalized for body weight. the 4- and 24-hr thyroid uptakes of mice on cassava were similar to those of mice on low iodine diets. protein- ...	1985	4034537
sequence homology among the coat proteins of gemini viruses.	the coat proteins of the gemini viruses - african cassava latent virus, tomato golden mosaic virus and maize streak virus - are shown to have reasonable to good amino acid sequence homology. it is suggested that the maize streak virus genome is ancestral and the bipartite genomes of the other viruses evolved from it.	1985	4026858
temperature effects on the binding efficiency of starch pastes.	the effect of temperature on the binding efficiency of yam starch and cassava starch pastes has been investigated. starch pastes prepared at different temperatures were used to granulate lactose powder and the resulting granules and tablet properties were evaluated. increased average granule size and decreased percentage fines were observed as the pasting temperature was increased upto a certain level and then there was a decrease in average size and increase in amount of fines as the pasting te ...	2014	4023034
cranioschisis aperta with encephaloschisis in cephalothoracopagus hamster twins.	the results of gross and histopathological study of a near-term male hamster exencephalic lateral cephalothoracopagus are presented. there was minimal duplication of the internal organs to the point of division at the abdomen. the appendicular skeleton was relatively unaffected by the severe malformations of the axial skeleton. the studies suggested that the lateral relationship of the skull to the spinal columns was a consequence of the presence of two embryonic neural tubes; the chordomesoderm ...	2013	4016585
characterisation of dna forms associated with cassava latent virus infection.	in addition to the major encapsidated dna species found in preparations of cassava latent virus (genomic dnas 1 and 2) there are minor dna populations of twice (dimeric) and approximately half genome length. both minor species resemble the genomic dnas in that they are composed of predominantly circular single-stranded dna. all of these size groups have a corresponding covalently-closed circular double-stranded dna form in infected tissue. infectivity studies using cloned dnas 1 and 2 show that ...	1985	4000956
developmental toxicity of the cyanogenic glycoside linamarin in the golden hamster.	cassava, a staple food in many tropical countries, has been suspected as a cause of human congenital defects. ingestion of the material during pregnancy has been reported to induce limb defects, microcephaly, open eye, and growth retardation in rats. linamarin is a natural cyanogenic glycoside that occurs in high concentrations in cassava. in the present study, pregnant hamsters received an oral dose of 70,100, 120 or 140 mg/kg linamarin or an equivalent volume of isotonic saline during the earl ...	1985	3992492
synthesis of viral dna forms in nicotiana plumbaginifolia protoplasts inoculated with cassava latent virus (clv); evidence for the independent replication of one component of the clv genome.	totipotent leaf mesophyll protoplasts of nicotiana plumbaginifolia, viviani were inoculated with cassava latent virus (clv) or with full length copies of clv genomic dnas 1 and 2 excised from replicative forms of m13 clones. virus specific dnas began to appear 48-72h after inoculation with virus or cloned dnas, coincident with the onset of host cell division. infected cells accumulated supercoiled forms of dnas 1 and 2 as well as progeny single-stranded (ss) virion (+) sense dnas representing ea ...	1986	3951986
[new area of endemic goiter : the northeast bénoué, (north cameroon)].	endemic goiter was thought to essentially spread in the southern part of cameroun. in fact the north-east benoué (neb) area also appears to be concerned. we studied 1242 individuals from 5 representative villages. the overall goiter frequency was 28.4%. study of emigrants showed a spreading of the endemic area towards the boundary part of tchad. however increase of morbidity was related to the duration of settlement in neb (18% after 1 year vs 34% after 5 years, p less than 0.01). samples of uri ...	1986	3827198
[energy value of cassava leaves in the feeding of chickens].		1986	3825434
anti-sickling effect of dietary thiocyanate in prophylactic control of sickle cell anemia.	as a clinical entity, sickle cell anemia (sca) is known to be relatively rarer in africans than in the african-american population of the united states. paradoxically, sickle cell trait (sct), the non-anemic, heterozygous condition, is about three times more common among indigenous africans than in african-americans. the ratio of sca to sct is 1:50 for african-americans, and less than 1:1,000 for tropical africans. this etiological disparity is attributed to an anti-sickling agent, thiocyanate, ...	2013	3795284
thyroid function in a cassava-eating population affected by epidemic spastic paraparesis.	thyroid function was studied in a rural population in mozambique that had been affected by an epidemic of spastic paraparesis attributed to dietary cyanide exposure from cassava. laboratory investigation on a sample of this population demonstrated very high levels of serum and urinary thiocyanate, indicating a heavy exposure to cyanide. the urinary excretion of iodine was within normal limits, indicating an adequate intake of iodine. the serum levels of ft4i were somewhat decreased and serum ft3 ...	1986	3788422
[manioc starch: an excipient used in tableting].		2006	3761131
the effects of different sources of nitrogen supplementation on the post ruminal flows of organic matter and different nitrogenous constituents in steers.	friesian steers, virtually protozoa free, were equipped with simple rumen and abomasal cannulas. they were given diets consisting of approximately equal proportions of ground, pelleted alkali treated straw and a rolled barley, tapioca mixture supplemented with urea + casein (uc), soybean meal (sbm), 'normal' white fishmeal (ndf) or white fishmeal designated as being of 'low' rumen degradability (ldf). the diets were isoenergetic (the protein sources replacing part of the tapioca) and they were g ...	1986	3741133
audiological screening of amerindians of the suriname rainforest.	audiological screening tests were conducted among a remote, relatively noise-free population of amerindians in the deep rainforests of surinam, south america. these preliminary tests, the initial step in a planned long-term study, were the first such examinations on these people, and were intended to examine the overall audiological health of the population as a function of age and sex. audiological testing of this non-technological population was more challenging than conventional test situatio ...	1986	3704543
[formation and regeneration of protoplasts of a native strain of clostridium acetobutylicum].	a procedure was optimized for the formation and regeneration of protoplasts in a clostridium acetobutylicum strain isolated from cassava roots in misiones, argentina. the regeneration frequency was calculated as the ratio of regenerants (colony forming units on regeneration plates minus colony forming units from osmotically resistant cells) per initial cell number (colony forming units before protoplast formation). the percentage regeneration varied from 10 to 15%.	1986	3685381
[technological improvement of the production of cachiri, a fermented beverage made from cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) of indigenous origin].		1986	3618073
effects of the addition of vegetable oil or animal tallow to broiler diets containing cassava root meal.	two experiments were carried out to evaluate the effects on broiler performance of increasing by 5% the metabolizable energy level of diets containing cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) root meal (crm: 0, 20, and 30%) by adding either vegetable oil (experiment 1) or animal tallow (experiment 2). the crm used was detoxified by sun-drying whole root chips of a high cyanide-containing (bitter) cultivar (cmc-84) on a concrete floor. all experimental diets were supplied in mash form. supplementary ve ...	1987	3615333