Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| [cloning and characterization of the pts2 receptor gene (ghpex7) from cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.)]. | peroxisomal targeting signals (pts), including pts1 and pts2, were proposed to play an important role in introducing proteins into the peroxisomal matrix. pex7, the pts2 receptor, is crucial to the import of pts2 proteins. based on the sequence of a fragment (f010) recovered from cdna-aflp, the full-length cdna sequence was obtained by race and the contig in cotton ests, and the coding sequence was further cloned. the ghpex7 cdna, 1314 bp in length, contained 5 non-coding (77 bp) upstream, 3 com ... | 2003 | 14577373 |
| [evaluation of the effect of pollen irradiation on karyotype variability in m2 cotton plants]. | the karyotypes of biomorphologically abnormal cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) plants obtained in m2 after pollination with pollen irradiated at dose rates 10, 15, 20, and 25 gy were studied. various genomic and chromosomal mutations were detected in 57 m2 families. the primary monosomics isolated in m2 were found to be cytologically more stable and more viable, since they had higher meiotic indices, pollen fertility, and seed formation. in m2, a decrease in the number of plants with multiple kary ... | 2003 | 14515465 |
| genetic mapping and qtl analysis of fiber-related traits in cotton ( gossypium). | cotton, the leading natural fiber crop, is largely produced by two primary cultivated allotetraploid species known as upland or american cotton ( gossypium hirsutum l.) and pima or egyptian cotton ( g. barbadense l.). the allotetraploid species diverged from each other and from their diploid progenitors (a or d genome) through selection and domestication after polyploidization. to analyze cotton ad genomes and dissect agronomic traits, we have developed a genetic map in an f2 population derived ... | 2004 | 14513220 |
| physiological and antioxidant responses of cotton and spurred anoda under interference and mild drought. | the influence of plant interference and a mild drought on gas exchange and oxidative stress was investigated using potted plants of two cotton species (gossypium hirsutum l. cv. delta pine 5415, and gossypium barbadense l. cv. pima s-7) and spurred anoda (anoda cristata l. schlecht.) of the malvaceae. without interference, cotton and spurred anoda had similar net photosynthesis (pnet) but different pigment profiles. stomatal conductance (gs) and transpiration rate (e) were greater in spurred ano ... | 2003 | 14504299 |
| efficacy of transgenic cotton containing a cry1ac gene from bacillus thuringiensis against helicoverpa armigera (lepidoptera: noctuidae) in northern china. | nucotn 33b, a bt transgenic variety of upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) expressing the insecticidal protein cry1ac from bacillus thuringiensis berliner sp. kurstaki, was evaluated for resistance to helicoverpa armigera (hübner) during 1998-2000 in northern china. the results indicated that there was no significant difference in egg densities between nucotn 33b and three nontransgenic varieties (dp5415, zhongmian12, and shiyuan321) during the season, although the survival of larvae on nucotn ... | 2003 | 14503607 |
| field evaluation of a helicoverpa zea (lepidoptera: noctuidae) damage simulation model: effects of irrigation, h. zea density, and time of damage on cotton yield. | helicoverpa zea (boddie) is an important pest of cotton, gossypium hirsutum l., for which many economic injury and population models have been developed to predict the impact of injury by this species on cotton yield. a number of these models were developed using results from simulated damage experiments, despite the fact that no studies have demonstrated that simulated damage is comparable to real h. zea damage. our main objective in this study was to compare the effect on yield of h. zea larva ... | 2003 | 14503589 |
| enhancing linkage-block breakup following interspecific hybridization and backcross transference of genes in gossypium hirsutum l. | 1962 | 14491799 | |
| the comparative genetics of gossypium hirsutum l. and the synthetic amphiloid, gossypium arboreum l. x gossypium thurberi tod. | 1962 | 13898581 | |
| [on the phenomena of chromosomal segregation observed in the miosis of the synthetic tetraploid (gossypium hirsutum x g. arboreum x g. raimondii) and its descendants]. | 1961 | 13751067 | |
| a simple and rapid agrobacterium-mediated transformation protocol for cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.): embryogenic calli as a source to generate large numbers of transgenic plants. | a protocol is presented for efficient transformation and regeneration of cotton. embryogenic calli co-cultivated with agrobacterium carrying cry1ia5 gene were cultured under dehydration stress and antibiotic selection for 3-6 weeks to generate several transgenic embryos. an average of 75 globular embryo clusters were observed on selection plates and these embryos were cultured on multiplication medium followed by development of cotyledonary embryos on embryo maturation medium to obtain an averag ... | 2004 | 13680138 |
| an atp-binding cassette transporter ghwbc1 from elongating cotton fibers. | we have isolated a cdna (ghwbc1) from cotton (gossypium hirsutum) that encodes an atp-binding cassette transporter of the wbc (white/brown complex) subfamily. members of this subfamily are half-sized transporters and are reported to mediate lipid and drug excretion in human (homo sapiens). ghwbc1 is highly expressed in developing fiber cells, but transcripts were also detectable in other tissues except roots. the transcript level peaked in rapidly expanding fibers from 5 to 9 dpa and then decrea ... | 2003 | 12972649 |
| characterization of the targeting signal of the arabidopsis 22-kd integral peroxisomal membrane protein. | using a combination of in vivo and in vitro assays, we characterized the sorting pathway and molecular targeting signal for the arabidopsis 22-kd peroxisome membrane protein (pmp22), an integral component of the membrane of all peroxisomes in the mature plant. we show that nascent pmp22 is sorted directly from the cytosol to peroxisomes and that it is inserted into the peroxisomal boundary membrane with its n- and c-termini facing the cytosol. this direct sorting of pmp22 to peroxisomes contrast ... | 2003 | 12972647 |
| 8-hydroxy-(+)-delta-cadinene is a precursor to hemigossypol in gossypium hirsutum. | [(3)h](+)-delta-cadinene and its 8-hydroxy derivative, prepared from (1rs)-[1-(3)h]fpp by the action of one and two recombinant enzymes, respectively, were infiltrated into cotyledons of bacterial blight-resistant cotton plants as they biosynthesized sesquiterpene phytoalexins in response to infection by xanthomonas campestris pv. malvacearum. following both treatments, tritium appeared in the hplc fraction that contained hemigossypol. hemigossypol was isolated from the cotyledons that had been ... | 2003 | 12946420 |
| [evaluation of the effect of pollen irradiation on karyotype variability in cotton plants]. | the effect of pollen irradiation at dose rates of 10, 15, 20, and 25 gy on variability in cotton plants gossypium hirsutum l. was studied. the modified plants showed a reduced fertility, mainly caused by chromosomal rearragements and genomic mutations during meiosis. the genomic mutations involved primary and tertiary monosomics, monotelodisomics, and a haploid plant. the decrease in meiotic index and pollen fertility in the cotton aneuploids was related not only to aberrations in chromosome pai ... | 2003 | 12942779 |
| localization of qtls for yield and fiber quality traits of tetraploid cotton cultivar. | using ssr and rapd as molecular markers, and the 69 f2 families from a cross between handan208 (gossypium hirsutum) and pima90 (gossypium barbadense) as a mapping population, a linkage map comprising 126 markers was constructed. with an average spacing 13.7 cm between markers, the linkage map spanned 1,717.0 cm, which covers approximately 34.34% of the total recombinational length of cotton genome. based on the linkage map and the f2:3 phenotypic data, overall genome qtl screening was conducted ... | 2003 | 12924159 |
| a combined rflp-ssr-aflp map of tetraploid cotton based on a gossypium hirsutum x gossypium barbadense backcross population. | an interspecific gossypium hirsutum x gossypium barbadense backcross population of 75 bc1 plants was evaluated for 1014 markers. the map consists of 888 loci, including 465 aflps, 229 ssrs, 192 rflps, and 2 morphological markers, ordered in 37 linkage groups that represent most if not all of the 26 chromosomes, altogether spanning 4400 cm. loci were not evenly distributed over linkage groups, and 18 of the 26 long groups had a single dense region. this paper proposes a partially revised list of ... | 2003 | 12897870 |
| field and laboratory evaluations of transgenic cottons expressing one or two bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki berliner proteins for management of noctuid (lepidoptera) pests. | field studies were conducted from 1999 to 2001 to evaluate the efficacy of the transgenic cotton, gossypium hirsutum (l.), genotype, bollgard ii (monsanto 15985), which expresses two bacillus thuringiensis berliner (bt) proteins (cry1ac + cry2ab) that are active against lepidopterous pests. bollgard ii was compared with bollgard (dp50b), which expresses only one bt protein (cry1ac), and, in all tests, the conventional variety, dp50, was used as a non-bt control. larval populations of the bollwor ... | 2003 | 12852613 |
| recovery from terminal and fruit damage by dry season cotton crops in tropical australia. | we conducted a 2-yr field study on growth and yield compensation in cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) after artificial pest damage in kununurra in nw australia. the aim was to assess the responses of cotton grown in tropical australia to simulated helicoverpa damage early in the season (tip damage) and during fruiting (square removal). in this region, cotton is grown in an inverse temperature regimen to cotton grown in temperate regions, and it is possible that tropical cotton crops exhibit differe ... | 2003 | 12852610 |
| united states department of agriculture-agricultural research service studies on polyketide toxins of fusarium oxysporum f sp vasinfectum: potential targets for disease control. | a group of 133 isolates of the cotton wilt pathogen fusarium oxysporum schlecht f sp vasinfectum (atk) sny & hans, representing five races and 20 vegetative compatibility groups within race 1 were used to determine the identity, biosynthetic regulation and taxonomic distribution of polyketide toxins produced by this pathogen. all isolates of f oxysporum f sp vasinfectum produced and secreted the nonaketide naphthazarin quinones, bikaverin and norbikaverin. most isolates of race 1 (previously den ... | 2003 | 12846324 |
| slow desiccation leads to high-frequency shoot recovery from transformed somatic embryos of cotton (gossypium hirsutum l. cv. coker 310 fr). | in agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation of cotton (gossypium hirsutum l. cv. coker 310fr) the frequency at which somatic embryos were converted to plantlets was significantly improved by subjecting the embryos to slow physical desiccation. we used agrobacterium strain gv3101 containing the binary vector pgsfr with the nos-nptii gene for in vitro selection and the 35s gus-int fragment as a reporter to optimize the transformation protocol. although the concentration of kanamycin was reduc ... | 2003 | 12835904 |
| viewing the difference between the diploid and the polyploid in the light of the upland cotton aneuploid. | the aneuploidy of gossypium hirsutum l. (upland cotton) aneusomatics were obtained by induced parthenogenesis. these aneuploids could grow and set seeds normally. in the process of meiosis there appeared large quantities of heteromorphic pairs and multivalent chromosomes and many cases of cytomixis and multisperm fertilization occurred. the aneuploids produced offsprings through sexual propagation. we explored penetratingly the questions how and why these aneuploids could survive. through this r ... | 2003 | 12830987 |
| evaluation of efficacy and safety of a herbal medicine used for the treatment of malaria. | resistance of plasmodium falciparum to chloroquine has been reported in several countries. other anti-malarial drugs in use are expensive and not readily accessible to most people in malaria endemic countries. this has led to renewed interest in the development of herbal medicines that have the potential to treat malaria with little or no side effects. this study obtained a preliminary information on the safety and effectiveness of a plant decoction (am-1), used in treating malaria. the am-1 is ... | 2003 | 12820245 |
| response of acala cotton to nitrogen rates in the san joaquin valley of california. | the responses of acala cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) in california to a range of applied nitrogen (n) treatments were investigated in a 5-year, multisite experiment. the experiment's goals were to identify crop growth and yield responses to applied n and provide information to better assess the utility of soil residual n estimates in improving fertilizer management. baseline fertilizer application rates for the lowest applied n treatments were based on residual soil nitrate-n (no3-n) levels det ... | 2001 | 12805823 |
| localization of sucrose synthase and callose in freeze-substituted secondary-wall-stage cotton fibers. | methods for cryogenic fixation, freeze substitution, and embedding were developed to preserve the cellular structure and protein localization of secondary-wall-stage cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) fibers accurately for the first time. perturbation by specimen handling was minimized by freezing fibers still attached to a seed fragment within 2 min after removal of seeds from a boll still attached to the plant. these methods revealed native ultrastructure, including numerous active golgi bodies, m ... | 2003 | 12802624 |
| high-frequency somatic embryo production and maturation into normal plants in cotton (gossypium hirsutum) through metabolic stress. | a highly efficient somatic embryo production and maturation procedure has been developed to regenerate plantlets from cotton ( gossypium hirsutum). this procedure involves the acceleration of differentiation through manipulations of nutrient and microenvironment conditions. embryogenic calli, initiated from hypocotyls or cotyledonary leaf sections on ms medium containing 0.1 mg/l 2,4 dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, 0.5 mg/l kinetin, and 3% maltose produced globular-stage somatic embryos when transfe ... | 2003 | 12789412 |
| the crystal structure of annexin gh1 from gossypium hirsutum reveals an unusual s3 cluster. | the three-dimensional crystal structure of recombinant annexin gh1 from gossypium hirsutum (cotton fibre) has been determined and refined to the final r-factor of 0.219 at the resolution of 2.1 a. this plant annexin consists of the typical 'annexin fold' and is similar to the previously solved bell pepper annexin anx24(ca32), but significant differences are seen when compared to the structure of nonplant annexins. a comparison with the structure of the mammalian annexin anxa5 indicates that cano ... | 2003 | 12787021 |
| effects of ultraviolet-b radiation on cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) morphology and anatomy. | cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) crop, cultivated between 40 degrees n and 40 degrees s, is currently experiencing 2-11 kj m-2 d-1 of uv-b radiation. this is predicted to increase in the near future. an experiment was conducted to study the effect of enhanced uv-b radiation on vegetative and reproductive morphology and leaf anatomy of cotton in sunlit, controlled environment chambers. from emergence to harvest, cotton plants were exposed to 0, 8 or 16 kj m-2 d-1 of uv-b in a square wave approach f ... | 2003 | 12770842 |
| effect of urea fertilizer application on soluble protein and free amino acid content of cotton petioles in relation to silverleaf whitefly (bemisia argentifolii) populations. | the impact of urea nitrogen fertilization on silverleaf whitefly, bemisia argentifolii bellows & perring, population dynamics was examined in field-grown cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.). five urea nitrogen treatments were tested, consisting of soil applications of 0, 112, 168, and 224 kg nitrogen per hectare, and acombined soil-foliar application of 112:17 kg nitrogen per hectare. a positive response was observed between n application rates and the measured levels of nitrate n in petioles from ma ... | 2003 | 12757331 |
| the cotton kinesin-like calmodulin-binding protein associates with cortical microtubules in cotton fibers. | microtubules in interphase plant cells form a cortical array, which is critical for plant cell morphogenesis. genetic studies imply that the minus end-directed microtubule motor kinesin-like calmodulin-binding protein (kcbp) plays a role in trichome morphogenesis in arabidopsis. however, it was not clear whether this motor interacted with interphase microtubules. in cotton (gossypium hirsutum) fibers, cortical microtubules undergo dramatic reorganization during fiber development. in this study, ... | 2003 | 12746521 |
| effects of black-eyed pea trypsin/chymotrypsin inhibitor on proteolytic activity and on development of anthonomus grandis. | the cotton boll weevil anthonomus grandis (boheman) is one of the major pests of cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) in tropical and sub-tropical areas of the new world. this feeds on cotton floral fruits and buds causing severe crop losses. digestion in the boll weevil is facilitated by high levels of serine proteinases, which are responsible for the almost all proteolytic activity. aiming to reduce the proteolytic activity, the inhibitory effects of black-eyed pea trypsin/chymotrypsin inhibitor (bt ... | 2003 | 12737983 |
| quantitative analysis of transcript accumulation from genes duplicated by polyploidy using cdna-sscp. | repeated rounds of polyploidy have been commonplace in the lineages leading to modern eukaryotic genomes, giving rise to widespread gene duplication. genes duplicated by polyploidy, or "homoeologs," may continue to be expressed at equal levels following polyploidization or their expression may be dramatically altered. in this report, we describe how sscp analysis of rt-pcr products can be used to evaluate the expression status (presence and relative quantity) of highly similar homoelogous gene p ... | 2003 | 12703297 |
| genes duplicated by polyploidy show unequal contributions to the transcriptome and organ-specific reciprocal silencing. | most eukaryotes have genomes that exhibit high levels of gene redundancy, much of which seems to have arisen from one or more cycles of genome doubling. polyploidy has been particularly prominent during flowering plant evolution, yielding duplicated genes (homoeologs) whose expression may be retained or lost either as an immediate consequence of polyploidization or on an evolutionary timescale. expression of 40 homoeologous gene pairs was assayed by cdna-single-stranded conformation polymorphism ... | 2003 | 12665616 |
| subgenome-specific markers in allopolyploid cotton gossypium hirsutum: implications for evolutionary analysis of polyploids. | we developed a set of genetic markers specific to the a and d genome types of cotton using representational difference analysis (rda). these markers produce amplification products with genomic dna from allotetraploid cotton gossypium hirsutum. one of the markers is a polymorphic amplified restriction fragment (parf) - a sequence found in both a and d genomes but differently flanked by restriction sites. results of phylogenetic analysis of the parf sequences from diploid cottons and from allotetr ... | 2003 | 12657471 |
| two isoforms of rubisco activase in cotton, the products of separate genes not alternative splicing. | in several plant species, ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (rubisco) activase consists of two isoforms that are produced by alternative splicing of a pre-mrna. two forms of activase corresponding to the longer, redox-regulated alpha and the shorter, beta forms were detected immunologically in cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) leaves, but their n-termini differed in 4 of 14 residues. the cdnas for the alpha and beta forms of cotton activase diverged throughout the translated and 3'-un ... | 2003 | 12624760 |
| molecular cloning, differential expression, and functional characterization of a family of class i ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme (e2) genes in cotton (gossypium). | two cdnas and their corresponding genes (ghubc1 and ghubc2) encoding ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes (e2s) have been cloned and characterized from allotetraploid cotton gossypium hirsutum ((ad)(1) genome). three additional e2 genes (gaubc1, gtubc2, and grubc2) have also been identified from diploid cottons gossypium arboreum (a(2) genome), gossypium thurberi (d(1) genome), and gossypium raimondii (d(5) genome), respectively. the derived amino acid sequences of the five closely related cotton e2s a ... | 2003 | 12591614 |
| inheritance and fine mapping of fertility restoration for cytoplasmic male sterility in gossypium hirsutum l. | genetics of cms fertility restoration was presented through the analysis of classic genetics and molecular markers. based on f(2) segregation of the crosses between cms and the restoring lines, the testcrosses and f(1) x f(1) populations, together with rapd and ssr mapping, one dominant gene was identified to control the cms fertility restoration in cotton. the strategy of genotype representation analysis (gra) was put forward to screen the markers linked with the rf(1) locus. using 1,025 random ... | 2003 | 12589546 |
| analysis of genetic effects of major genes and polygenes on quantitative traits. ii. genetic models for seed traits of crops. | genetic models for quantitative seed traits with effects of several major genes and polygenes, as well as their ge interaction, were proposed. mixed linear model approaches were suggested for analyzing the genetic models. monte carlo simulations were conducted to evaluate unbiasedness and efficiency for estimating fixed effects and variance components of the embryo and the endosperm models, including effects of a major gene from an unbalanced modified diallel mating design with nine parents, res ... | 2002 | 12582922 |
| molecular linkage map of allotetraploid cotton ( gossypium hirsutum l. x gossypium barbadense l.) with a haploid population. | in the present study, a haploid population from the cross of the two cultivated allotetraploid cottons, gossypium hirsutum l. and gossypium barbadense l., was developed by means of vsg, a virescently marked semigamous line of sea island cotton, and some target haploids were successfully doubled with colchicine. a molecular linkage map was constructed with 58 doubled and haploid plants. among the total of 624 marker loci (510 ssrs and 114 rapds), 489 loci were assembled into 43 linkage groups and ... | 2002 | 12582895 |
| pcr-mediated recombination in amplification products derived from polyploid cotton. | pcr recombination describes a process of in vitro chimera formation from non-identical templates. the key requirement of this process is the inclusion of two partially homologous templates in one reaction, a condition met when amplifying any locus from polyploid organisms and members of multigene families from diploid organisms. because polyploids possess two or more divergent genomes ("homoeologues") in a common nucleus, intergenic chimeras can form during the pcr amplification of any gene. her ... | 2002 | 12582722 |
| rflp genetic linkage maps from four f(2.3) populations and a joinmap of gossypium hirsutum l. | an rflp genetic linkage joinmap was constructed from four different mapping populations of cotton ( gossypium hirsutum l.). genetic maps from two of the four populations have been previously reported. the third genetic map was constructed from 199 bulk-sampled plots of an f(2.3) (hq95-6x'md51ne') population. the map comprises 83 loci mapped to 24 linkage groups with an average distance between markers of 10.0 centimorgan (cm), covering 830.1 cm or approximately 18% of the genome. the fourth gene ... | 2002 | 12582687 |
| genetic relationships and discrimination of ten influential upland cotton varieties using rapd markers. | influential upland cotton ( gossypium hirsutum l.) varieties are those that have the higher genetic contributions to modern upland cultivars than other germplasms. our previous research has shown significant differences in general combining ability (gca) effects for yield, yield components, and fiber properties among ten influential cotton varieties. in this study, we used random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) data to evaluate dna variation of these ten varieties. of 86 random decamer primers ... | 2002 | 12582535 |
| [responses of agricultural crops of free-air co2 enrichment]. | over the past decade, free-air co2 enrichment (face) experiments have been conducted on several agricultural crops: wheat(triticum aestivum l.), perennial ryegrass (lolium perenne), and rice(oryza sativa l.) which are c3 grasses; sorghum (sorghum bicolor (l.) möench), a c4 grass; white clover (trifolium repens), a c3 legume; potato (solanum tuberosum l.), a c3 forb with tuber storage; and cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) and grape (vitis vinifera l.) which are c3 woody perennials. using reports fr ... | 2002 | 12557686 |
| [higher lint percent and drought tolerant cotton line selected by radiation breeding]. | the gossypium hirsutum cv. liaomian no. 9 were mutagenized by 60co gamma ray, from which the mutant line zhonghuzhi pi 935 (be called "pi 935" for short) was bred by family selection method. the pi 935 not only has some good traits (growing period, drought tolerance, lint color and fiber quality) similar to the original cultivar, but also has higher lint outturn and lint yield than that of the liaomian no. 9. the pi 935 has been identified and regional tested in nine places times for four years ... | 2001 | 12549010 |
| identification of a third fuzzless seed locus in upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.). | segregating populations were developed to evaluate the inheritance of the fuzzless seed phenotypes in upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.). accession 143 of the mississippi obsolete variety collection (movc) has a fuzzless seed phenotype. this line carries the n(2) locus which is recessive to the seed fuzz phenotype. data from the f(2), bc(1)f(1), f(2:3), and bc(1)f(2) populations of dp 5690 x 143 fit a two-loci model for expression of the recessive fuzzless seed phenotype. fuzzless seeds were ... | 2003 | 12547925 |
| a host-specific bacteria-to-plant signal molecule (nod factor) enhances germination and early growth of diverse crop plants. | lipo-chitooligosaccharides (lcos), or nod factors, are host-specific bacteria-to-plant signal molecules essential for the establishment of a successful n(2)-fixing legume-rhizobia symbiosis. at submicromolar concentrations nod factors induce physiological changes in host and non-host plants. here we show that the nod factor nod bj v(c18:1,mefuc) of bradyrhizobium japonicum 532c enhances germination of a variety of economically important plants belonging to diverse botanical families: zea mays, o ... | 2003 | 12520335 |
| recombinantly expressed isoenzymic aminopeptidases from helicoverpa armigera (american cotton bollworm) midgut display differential interaction with closely related bacillus thuringiensis insecticidal proteins. | several investigators have independently identified membrane-associated aminopeptidases in the midgut of insect larvae as the initial interacting ligand to the insecticidal crystal proteins of bacillus thuringiensis. though several isoenzymes of aminopeptidases have been identified from the midgut of an insect and their corresponding cdna cloned, only one of the isoform has been expressed heterologously and studied for its binding to cry toxins. here we report the cloning and expression of two a ... | 2003 | 12441000 |
| efficacy of the organic-certified insecticide diatect ii against the boll weevil (anthonomus grandis) in cotton. | the efficacy of the organic insecticide diatect ii against boll weevil (anthonomus grandis boheman) in cotton (gossypium hirsutum l) in the lower rio grande valley of texas were assessed in small-plot field trials and greenhouse cage tests using azinphos-methyl treatments as a standard for comparison. plastic sheets were placed in the furrows of the treated plots to retrieve boll weevils which dropped from the plants after being killed by the insecticides. samples of live weevils taken by a trac ... | 2002 | 12400443 |
| (18)o spatial patterns of vein xylem water, leaf water, and dry matter in cotton leaves. | three leaf water models (two-pool model, péclet effect, and string-of-lakes) were assessed for their robustness in predicting leaf water enrichment and its spatial heterogeneity. this was achieved by studying the (18)o spatial patterns of vein xylem water, leaf water, and dry matter in cotton (gossypium hirsutum) leaves grown at different humidities using new experimental approaches. vein xylem water was collected from intact transpiring cotton leaves by pressurizing the roots in a pressure cham ... | 2002 | 12376664 |
| molecular characterization of the cotton ghtub1 gene that is preferentially expressed in fiber. | each fiber of cotton (gossypium hirsutum) is a single epidermal cell that rapidly elongates to 2.5 to 3.0 cm from the ovule surface within about 16 d after anthesis. a large number of genes are required for fiber differentiation and development, but so far, little is known about how these genes control and regulate the process of fiber development. to investigate gene expression patterns in fiber, a cdna, ghtub1, encoding beta-tubulin was isolated from a cotton fiber cdna library. the analyses o ... | 2002 | 12376634 |
| narrow-waveband reflectance ratios for remote estimation of nitrogen status in cotton. | tailoring nitrogen (n) fertilizer applications to cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) in response to leaf n status may optimize n use efficiency and reduce off-site effects of excessive fertilizer use. this study compared leaf and canopy reflectance within the 350 to 950 nm range in order to identify reflectance ratios sensitive to leaf chlorophyll (chl), and hence n status, in cotton. plants were grown outdoors in large pots using half-strength hoagland's (control) solution until some three-row plot ... | 2013 | 12371160 |
| characterisation of six alpha-expansin genes in gossypium hirsutum (upland cotton). | a genomic library screen and pcr-based strategies were employed to isolate six genes with sequence similarity to a cotton fibre-specific mrna encoding an alpha-expansin. alpha-expansins are cell wall proteins that facilitate cell wall extension by disruption of non-covalent bonds between wall components. the characterisation and expression analysis of these six novel genes ( ghexp1-ghexp6) is described. four of them ( ghexp3- ghexp6) are expressed within multiple tissues of the cotton plant and ... | 2002 | 12242493 |
| effects of nacl on flows of n and mineral ions and on no3- reduction rate within whole plants of salt-sensitive bean and salt-tolerant cotton. | the effects of nacl on the transport rates of cations, no3-, and reduced n compounds between roots and shoot and on no3- assimilation rate were examined on plants of two species differing in their sensitivity to salinity, bean (phaseolus vulgare l. cv gabriella) and cotton (gossypium hirsutum l. cv akala). biomass production after 20 d in response to 50 and 100 mm nacl decreased by 48 and 59% in bean, but only 6 and 14% in cotton. the comparison of the flow patterns obtained for control and nacl ... | 1994 | 12232296 |
| changes in the accumulation of [alpha]- and [beta]-tubulin isotypes during cotton fiber development. | the expression of [alpha]- and [beta]-tubulin proteins in developing fibers and several other tissues of cotton (gossypium hirsutum, cv texas marker 1) have been analyzed by immunoblots of one- and two-dimensional gels utilizing anti-tubulin antibodies as probes. as a percentage of total protein, fibers had greater amounts of tubulin than did hypocotyls, roots, leaves, or cotyledons. both [alpha]- and [beta]-tubulin, having apparent molecular masses of approximately 50 kd and isoelectric points ... | 1994 | 12232289 |
| water relation alterations observed during hypersensitive reaction induced by bacteria. | upon exposure to pathogenic bacteria, resistant and nonhost plants undergo a hypersensitive reaction (hr) that is expressed as rapid plant cell death. if sufficient concentrations of these bacteria are inoculated to such plant tissue, then that portion of the tissue rapidly collapses and becomes necrotic. as the tissue collapses the water relations of inoculated tissues become markedly disturbed. we measured a decline in the relative water content (rwc) in the leaf-like cotyledons of cotton (gos ... | 1993 | 12232016 |
| catalytic properties of a newly discovered acyltransferase that synthesizes n-acylphosphatidylethanolamine in cottonseed (gossypium hirsutum l.) microsomes. | we recently demonstrated that cotyledons of cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) seedlings synthesize n-acylphosphatidylethanolamine (nape), an unusual acylated derivative of phosphatidylethanolamine (pe), during postgerminative growth (k.d. chapman and t.s. moore [1993] arch biochem biophys 301: 21-33). here, we report the discovery of an acyltransferase enzyme, fatty acid: diacylphosphatidylethanolamine n-acyltransferase (designated nape synthase), that synthesizes nape from pe and free fatty acids ... | 1993 | 12231864 |
| [beta]-glucan synthesis in the cotton fiber (iii. identification of udp-glucose-binding subunits of [beta]-glucan synthases by photoaffinity labeling with [[beta]-32p]5[prime]-n3-udp-glucose. | using differential product entrapment and photolabeling under specifying conditions, we identified a 37-kd polypeptide as the best candidate among the udp-glucose-binding polypeptides for the catalytic subunit of cotton (gossypium hirsutum) cellulose synthase. this polypeptide is enriched by entrapment under conditions favoring [beta]-1,4-glucan synthesis, and it is magnesium dependent and sensitive to unlabeled udp-glucose. a 52-kd polypeptide was identified as the most likely candidate for the ... | 1993 | 12231766 |
| [beta]-glucan synthesis in the cotton fiber (ii. regulation and kinetic properties of [beta]-glucan synthases. | the regulation and kinetic properties of cellulose synthase as well as [beta]-1,3-glucan synthase have been studied. the cellulose was detected using acetic/nitric acid insolubility as an indicator of cellulose (this product contained only [beta]-1,4-linked glucans; k. okuda, l. li, k. kudlicka, s. kuga, r.m. brown, jr. [1993] plant physiol 101: 1131-1142). these studies reveal that (a) [beta]-1,3-glucan synthesis is enhanced up to 31-fold by cellobiose with a ka of 1.16 mm; (b) cellulose synthe ... | 1993 | 12231765 |
| [beta]-glucan synthesis in the cotton fiber (i. identification of [beta]-1,4- and [beta]-1,3-glucans synthesized in vitro). | in vitro [beta]-glucan products were synthesized by digitonin-solubilized enzyme preparations from plasma membrane-enriched fractions of cotton (gossypium hirsutum) fiber cells. the reaction mixture favoring [beta]-1,4-glucan synthesis included the following effectors: mg2+, ca2+, cellobiose, cyclic-3[prime]:5[prime]-gmp, and digitonin. the ethanol insoluble fraction from this reaction contained [beta]-1,4-glucan and [beta]-1,3-glucan in an approximate ratio of 25:69. approximately 16% of the [b ... | 1993 | 12231764 |
| involvement of abscisic acid in ethylene-induced cotyledon abscission in cotton seedlings. | cotton (gossypium hirsutum l. cv lg102) seedlings raised from seeds exposed to 100 [mu]m norflurazon (nfz) during imbibition contained reduced levels of free abscisic acid (aba) and were visibly achlorophyllous. exposure of untreated cotton seedlings to ethylene concentrations >1 [mu]l/l for 24 h resulted in cotyledon abscission. in contrast, exposure of nfz-treated seedlings to concentrations of ethylene [less than or equal to]50 [mu]l/l elicited no cotyledon abscission. application of aba, an ... | 1993 | 12231720 |
| lipids, proteins, and structure of seed oil bodies from diverse species. | oil bodies isolated from the mature seeds of rape (brassica napus l.), mustard (brassica juncea l.), cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.), flax (linus usitatis simum), maize (zea mays l.), peanut (arachis hypogaea l.), and sesame (sesamum indicum l.) had average diameters that were different but within a narrow range (0.6-2.0 [mu]m), as measured from electron micrographs of serial sections. their contents of triacylglycerols (tag), phospholipids, and proteins (oleosins) were correlated with their size ... | 1993 | 12231682 |
| correlation between the circadian rhythm of resistance to extreme temperatures and changes in fatty acid composition in cotton seedlings. | fluctuations in fatty acid composition were examined in cotton (gossypium hirsutum l. cv deltapine 50) leaves during light-dark cycles of 12:12 h and under continuous light and were correlated to the rhythmic changes in chilling (5[deg]c) resistance (cr) and heat (53[deg]c) resistance (hr). the chilling-resistant and chilling-sensitive phases developed in the dark or the light period, respectively, and this rhythm persisted under continuous light for three cycles. the heat-resistant phase develo ... | 1993 | 12231662 |
| paget's disease of bone in lancashire and arsenic pesticide in cotton mill wastewater: a speculative hypothesis. | a 1974 survey of paget's disease of bone in 31 uk towns identified a cluster of six lancashire former cotton mill towns with the highest prevalence rates of the disease and noted a link with the cotton industry. the two highest-prevalence towns are situated on estuaries and are jointly the smallest of the six by the size of their former cotton industry. the two lowest-prevalence towns of the six are highest above sea level and jointly the largest by the size of their former cotton industry. this ... | 2002 | 12231419 |
| sucrose synthase localization during initiation of seed development and trichome differentiation in cotton ovules. | sucrose synthase in cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) ovules was immunolocalized to clarify the relationship between this enzyme and (a) sucrose import/utilization during initiation of seed development, (b) trichome differentiation, and (c) cell-wall biosynthesis in these rapidly elongating "fibers." analyses focused on the period immediately before and after trichome initiation (at pollination). internal tissues most heavily immunolabeled were the developing nucellus, adjacent integument (inner su ... | 1995 | 12228669 |
| [beta]-glucan synthesis in the cotton fiber (iv. in vitro assembly of the cellulose i allomorph). | in vitro assembly of cellulose from plasma membrane extracts of the cotton (gossypium hirsutum) fiber was enriched by a combination of 3-(n-morpholino)propanesulfonic acid extraction buffer and two independent digitonin solubilization steps consisting of 0.05% digitonin (se1) followed by 1% digitonin (se2). glucan synthase activity assays revealed that, although the se2 fraction possessed higher activity, only 8.6% of the in vitro product survived acetic/nitric acid treatment. on the other hand, ... | 1995 | 12228346 |
| n-acylethanolamines are metabolized by lipoxygenase and amidohydrolase in competing pathways during cottonseed imbibition. | saturated and unsaturated n-acylethanolamines (naes) occur in desiccated seeds primarily as 16c and 18c species with n-palmitoylethanolamine and n-linoleoylethanolamine (nae 18:2) being most abundant. here, we examined the metabolic fate of naes in vitro and in vivo in imbibed cotton (gossypium hirsutum) seeds. when synthetic [1-(14)c]n-palmitoylethanolamine was used as a substrate, free fatty acids (ffa) were produced by extracts of imbibed cottonseeds. when synthetic [1-(14)c]nae 18:2 was used ... | 2002 | 12226518 |
| the bifunctional lkr/sdh locus of plants also encodes a highly active monofunctional lysine-ketoglutarate reductase using a polyadenylation signal located within an intron. | both plants and animals catabolize lysine (lys) via two consecutive enzymes, lys-ketoglutarate reductase (lkr) and saccharopine dehydrogenase (sdh), which are linked on a single polypeptide encoded by a single lkr/sdh gene. we have previously shown that the arabidopsis lkr/sdh gene also encodes a monofunctional sdh that is transcribed from an internal promoter. in the present report, we have identified two cdnas derived from cotton (gossypium hirsutum) boll abscission zone that encode a novel en ... | 2002 | 12226495 |
| in vitro prenylation of the small gtpase rac13 of cotton. | previous work (d.p. delmer, j. pear, a. andrawis, d. stalker [1995] mol gen genet 248: 43-51) has identified a gene in cotton (gossypium hirsutum), rac13, that encodes a small, signal-transducing gtpase and shows high expression in the fiber at the time of transition from primary to secondary wall synthesis. since rac13 may be important in signal transduction pathway(s), regulating the onset of fiber secondary wall synthesis, we continue to characterize rac13 by determining its ability to underg ... | 1996 | 12226460 |
| antioxidant response to nacl stress in a control and an nacl-tolerant cotton cell line grown in the presence of paraquat, buthionine sulfoximine, and exogenous glutathione. | a cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) control and nacl-tolerant cell line (cv coker 312) were grown on media with or without nacl in the presence or absence of paraquat, buthionine sulfoximine, and oxidized glutathione. on medium with 150 mm nacl the nacl-tolerant cell line exhibited no reduction in growth, whereas a 96% reduction was observed in the control line. the nacl-tolerant cell line that was grown on 150 mm nacl exhibited significantly greater catalase (341%), peroxidase (319%), glutathione ... | 1996 | 12226422 |
| volatile semiochemicals released from undamaged cotton leaves (a systemic response of living plants to caterpillar damage). | cotton plants (gossypium hirsutum l.), attacked by herbivorous insects release volatile semiochemicals (chemical signals) that attract natural enemies of the herbivores to the damaged plants. we found chemical evidence that volatiles are released not only at the damaged site but from the entire cotton plant. the release of volatiles was detected from upper, undamaged leaves after 2 to 3 d of continuous larval damage on lower leaves of the same plant. compounds released systemically were (z)-3-he ... | 1996 | 12226304 |
| changing the dimensions of suberin lamellae of green cotton fibers with a specific inhibitor of the endoplasmic reticulum-associated fatty acid elongases. | the fibers of the green lint mutant of cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) contain large amounts of wax and are suberized. more than 96% of the bifunctional aliphatic suberin monomers ([alpha],[omega]-alkanedioic acids and [omega]-hydroxyalkanoic acids) have chain lengths of c22 and c24 in green cotton fiber suberin. in fibers grown in the presence of s-ethyl-n,n-dipropylthiocarbamate (eptc), a specific inhibitor of the endoplasmic reticulum-associated fatty acid elongases, the aliphatic suberin mono ... | 1996 | 12226192 |
| survival of the rhizosphere-competent biocontrol strain pseudomonas fluorescens nbri2650 in the soil and phytosphere. | pseudomonas fluorescens nbri2650 was isolated after screening 360 bacterial strains from the rhizosphere of chickpea (cicer arietinum l.) grown in fungal-disease-suppressive field soil. the strain was selected because of its high rhizosphere competence and ability to inhibit the growth of fusarium oxysporum f.sp. ciceri, rhizoctonia bataticola, and pythium sp. under in vitro conditions. survival and colonization of nbri2650 in the phytosphere of chickpea, cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.), cucumber ... | 2002 | 12224558 |
| quantum yields and rate constants of photochemical and nonphotochemical excitation quenching (experiment and model). | sunflower (helianthus annuus l.), cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.), tobacco (nicotiana tabacum l.), sorghum (sorghum bicolor moench.), amaranth (amaranthus cruentus l.), and cytochrome b6f complex-deficient transgenic tobacco leaves were used to test the response of plants exposed to differnt light intensities and co2 concentrations before and after photoinhibition at 4000 [mu]mol photons m-2 s-1 and to thermoinhibition up to 45[deg]c. quantum yields of photochemical and nonphotochemical excitatio ... | 1997 | 12223845 |
| the differential expression of sucrose synthase in relation to diverse patterns of carbon partitioning in developing cotton seed. | developing cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) seed exhibits complex patterns of carbon allocation in which incoming sucrose (suc) is partitioned to three major sinks: the fibers, seed coat, and cotyledons, which synthesize cellulose, starch, and storage proteins or oils, respectively. in this study we investigated the role of suc synthase (susy) in the mobilization of suc into such sinks. assessments of susy gene expression at various levels led to the surprising conclusion that, in contrast to that ... | 1997 | 12223814 |
| de novo biosynthesis of volatiles induced by insect herbivory in cotton plants. | in response to insect feeding on the leaves, cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) plants release elevated levels of volatiles, which can serve as a chemical signal that attracts natural enemies of the herbivore to the damaged plant. pulse-labeling experiments with [13c]co2 demonstrated that many of the volatiles released, including the acyclic terpenes (e,e)-[alpha]-farnesene, (e)-[beta]-farnesene, (e)-[beta]-ocimene, linalool, (e)-4,8-dimethyl-1,3,7-nonatriene, and (e/e)-4,8,12-trimethyl-1,3,7,11-tri ... | 1997 | 12223763 |
| effects of kaolin-based particle film application on boll weevil (coleoptera: curculionidae) injury to cotton. | this study examined a non-insecticidal tactic for suppressing boll weevil, anthonomus grandis grandis boheman, damage to cotton, gossypium hirsutum l. in cage assays, kaolin, a reflective white mineral, applied to excised cotton squares or to the cotton foliage, initially resulted in lower levels of boll weevil injury to squares than nontreated squares. boll weevil oviposition and feeding on kaolin-treated squares and squares on kaolin-treated cotton plants increased when nontreated squares and ... | 2002 | 12216817 |
| bemisia tabaci (homoptera: aleyrodidae) biotype b colonization on okra- and normal-leaf upland cotton strains and cultivars. | we compared smooth-leaf okra- and normal-leaf upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) strains and cultivars for susceptibility to colonization by bemisia tabaci (gennadius) biotype b. experiments were conducted at seven field sites, five at holtville, ca, and two at maricopa, az, during 1996-2000. okra-leaf strains and cultivars, as a group, had lower numbers of adults, eggs, and nymphs compared with normal-leaf strains and cultivars indicating the potential of okra-leaf genetic traits for reducin ... | 2002 | 12216814 |
| high-stearic and high-oleic cottonseed oils produced by hairpin rna-mediated post-transcriptional gene silencing. | we have genetically modified the fatty acid composition of cottonseed oil using the recently developed technique of hairpin rna-mediated gene silencing to down-regulate the seed expression of two key fatty acid desaturase genes, ghsad-1-encoding stearoyl-acyl-carrier protein delta 9-desaturase and ghfad2-1-encoding oleoyl-phosphatidylcholine omega 6-desaturase. hairpin rna-encoding gene constructs (hp) targeted against either ghsad-1 or ghfad2-1 were transformed into cotton (gossypium hirsutum c ... | 2002 | 12177486 |
| [tagging and mapping of qtls controlling lint yield and yield components in upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) using ssr and rapd markers]. | using interval mapping and marker simple regression methods, the qtls of yield and its components in (simian 3 x tm-1) f2 and f2:3, were tagged and mapped with 39 ssr and 10 rapd markers having polymorphism between parents screened from 301 pair ssr primers and 1040 rapd primers. simian 3 is being grown extensively in yangtze river cotton-growing valley characterized as high productivity with more bolls and higher lint percent, whereas tm-1, genetic standard in upland cotton with more heavy boll ... | 2002 | 12148276 |
| [cloning and characterization of a lrr resistance like (ghlrr-rl) protein gene from cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.)]. | lrr (leucine rich repeat) proteins are involved in various biological processes. race was used to extend the 5' and 3' unknown sequence of a cdna-aflp fragment from cotton ovule, which had sequence similarity to the arabidopsis thaliana lrr resistance-like (lrr-rl) protein. by joining the sequence of cdna-aflp fragment and its 3' and 5' race product, it was found that the full-length cdna (genbank accession no. ay040532) of 1259 bp contained an orf of 987 bp and a putative poly(a) signal. the de ... | 2002 | 12143317 |
| tests of six cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) mutants for association with aneuploids. | genetic mutants are useful tools for basic and applied research to elucidate the developmental and regulatory processes of the cotton plant (gossypium hirsutum l.). their value is enhanced with knowledge of their location in the genome. the results of aneuploid tests used to locate mutant loci on specific chromosomes in g. hirsutum l. are reported. thirty-four monosomes and telosomes, representing 18 of the 26 chromosomes, were used in combination with six mutants that were associated with nine ... | 2002 | 12140273 |
| regulation of carbonic anhydrase gene expression in cotyledons of cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) seedlings during post-germinative growth. | recently, plastidial carbonic anhydrase (ca) cdna clones encoding functional carbonic anhydrase enzymes were isolated from a 48 h dark-grown cotton seedling (cotyledons) cdna library (hoang et al., plant cell physiol. 40: 1999). here we examined the levels of relative transcript abundance and enzyme activities in cotyledons at different developmental stages and under different environmental conditions (i.e. altering co2 and light conditions), during post-germinative seedling growth. relative ca ... | 2002 | 12090621 |
| enhanced photochemical light utilization and decreased chilling-induced photoinhibition of photosystem ii in cotton overexpressing genes encoding chloroplast-targeted antioxidant enzymes. | the aim of this study was to determine whether increases in stromal superoxide dismutase (sod; ec 1.15.1.1), ascorbate peroxidase (apx; ec 1.11.1.11) and glutathione reductase (gr; ec 1.6.4.2) via transformation could reduce photosystem (ps) ii photoinhibition at low temperature for cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) plants and to determine by what mechanism this protection may be realized. during 3-h exposures of lincomycin-treated leaf discs to 10 degrees c and a photon flux density of 500 &mgr;mo ... | 2001 | 12060276 |
| quantification of the effects of management factors on maize (zea mays l.) and cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) residues decomposition rate. | efforts to quantify management effects on decomposition rate of added substrates to the soil is important especially where such information is to be used for prediction in mathematical or simulation models. using data from a short-term (60 days) greenhouse simulation study, a procedure for quantifying effects of management on som and substrate decomposition is presented. using microbial growth rate u(q), microbial efficiency in substrate utilization e(q), specific decomposition rates for added p ... | 2002 | 12046283 |
| a novel root-specific gene, mic-3, with increased expression in nematode-resistant cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) after root-knot nematode infection. | a full-length cdna, mic-3, has been identified from a lambda zapii cdna library constructed from the mrna of nematode-resistant cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) roots after infection with root-knot nematode (meloidogyne incognita). the putative open reading frame of mic-3 encoded a protein of 141 amino acids with a calculated molecular mass of 15.3 kda. seven alternative polyadenylation sites have been identified for the mic-3 transcripts, and the major transcripts are the longest ones. the mic-3 ... | 2002 | 12031505 |
| resistance of aphis gossypii (homoptera: aphididae) to fenvalerate and imidacloprid and activities of detoxification enzymes on cotton and cucumber. | resistance of two strains of cotton aphid, aphis gossypii glover, to fenvalerate and imidacloprid were determined on cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) and cucumber (cucumis sativa l.) after resistance selection of one strain to fenvalerate for 16 consecutive generations, and of a second strain to imidacloprid for 12 consecutive generations on cotton in greenhouses. dose-response and activities of detoxication enzymes of the fenvalerate-resistant strain (r-fenvalerate), the imidacloprid-resistant st ... | 2002 | 12020021 |
| soybean looper (lepidoptera: noctuidae) oviposition on cotton and soybean of different growth stages: influence of olfactory stimuli. | soybean looper, pseudoplusia includens (walker), oviposition in cotton, gossypium hirsutum l., and soybean, glycine max (l.) merr., of various stages of plant phenological development was evaluated in field cages in 1994, 1995, and 1996. overall, females preferred to oviposit on soybean over cotton when both crops were compared in vegetative or prebloom stages, when both crops were blooming, and when soybean was blooming or in early pod stage compared with prebloom cotton. females preferred to d ... | 2002 | 12020002 |
| effect of factory effluents on physiological and biochemical contents of gossypium hirsutum l. | the effect of sago and sugar factory effluents was studied on gossypium hirsutum l. var. mcu 5 and mcu 11. plants were irrigated with 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% of effluents of both factories. at lower concentration (25%) of sugar factory effluents had stimulatory effect on all biochemical contents observed. moreover, all concentration of sago factory effluents were found to have inhibitory effect on all biochemical contents except proline content which increased with increasing concentration of bot ... | 2001 | 12018591 |
| [the cdna-aflp differential display in developing anthers between cotton male sterile and fertile line of "dong a"]. | cdna-aflp, an effective method for mrna differential display, was employed to compare the gene expression in developing anthers between the male sterile and fertile plants of cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) cultivar, dong a. in the micro-spore stage, there were more differential bands of cdna-aflp than that in the meio-phase stage. among 64 differential fragments produced by cdna-aflp, three were randomly selected for further analysis. rna dot blotting showed that the gha27 transcript was express ... | 2002 | 11985272 |
| biochemical and molecular inhibition of plastidial carbonic anhydrase reduces the incorporation of acetate into lipids in cotton embryos and tobacco cell suspensions and leaves. | two cdnas encoding functional carbonic anhydrase (ca) enzymes were recently isolated from a non-photosynthetic, cotyledon library of cotton (gossypium hirsutum) seedlings with putative plastid-targeting sequences (genbank accession nos. af132854 and af132855). relative ca transcript abundance and enzyme activity increased 9 and 15 times, respectively, in cotton embryos during the maximum period of reserve oil accumulation. specific sulfonamide inhibitors of ca activity significantly reduced the ... | 2002 | 11950990 |
| effects of water deficit stress, shade, weed competition, and kaolin particle film on selected foliar free amino acid accumulations in cotton, gossypium hirsutum (l.). | leaves of cotton plants, gossypium hirsutum l., stressed by water deficit, reduced daylight, and weed competition, or treated with a kaolin wettable powder formulation were analyzed for levels of 17 free amino acids (faas) using reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. water deficit stress resulted in heightened free proline levels (49.9-fold, p < 0.001) that were correlated with diffusive resistance (seconds per centimeter). five other faas increased, and the amounts of total free ... | 2002 | 11944838 |
| cloning and expressionanalysis of two cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) genes encodingcell wall proline-rich proteins. | two cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) genes, ghprp1 and ghprp2, encoding cell wall proline-rich proteins (prps) have been cloned and characterized. the ghprpl gene has an open reading frame (orf) that encodes a prp of 299 amino acids (aa), whereas the ghprp2 gene contains an orf that codes for a 310-aa prp. the ghprp1 has an 80% identity in aa sequence with that of ghprp2. like other plant cell wall prps, both cotton prps have a hydrophobic signal peptide at their n-termini, followed by repeating p ... | 2001 | 11913783 |
| [cloning and characterization of d-113 gene promoter from cotton]. | to study the expression of late embryogenesis abundant gene in seeds, the 1,024 bp 5' flanking sequence of d-113 gene, a late embryogenesis abundant gene of gossypium hirsutum cv. coker 312, was cloned by pcr. the similarity compared with the sequence of lea protein gene family published was 92.50%. there are three putative abres and one enhancer-like which riches a/t in the promoter. the promoter was fused to the beta-glucuronidase gene to form pld ii. via a particle bombardment, pld ii was int ... | 2002 | 11902000 |
| plant allocation to defensive compounds: interactions between elevated co(2) and nitrogen in transgenic cotton plants. | plant allocation to defensive compounds in response to growth in elevated atmospheric co(2) in combination with two levels of nitrogen was examined. the aim was to discover if allocation patterns of transgenic plants containing genes for defensive chemicals which had not evolved in the species would respond as predicted by the carbon nutrient balance (cnb) hypothesis. cotton plants (gossypium hirsutum l.) were sown inside 12 environmental chambers. six of them were maintained at an elevated co(2 ... | 2002 | 11807136 |
| tolerance and accumulation of shikimic acid in response to glyphosate applications in glyphosate-resistant and nonglyphosate-resistant cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.). | measurement of shikimic acid accumulation in response to glyphosate inhibition of 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase is a rapid and accurate assay to quantify glyphosate-induced damage in sensitive plants. two methods of assaying shikimic acid, a spectrophotometric and a high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc) method, were compared for their accuracy of recovering known amounts of shikimic acid spiked into plant samples. the hplc method recovered essentially 100% of shikimic acid ... | 2002 | 11804521 |
| bollworm (lepidoptera: noctuidae) survival on 'bollgard' and 'bollgard ii' cotton flower bud and flower components. | genetically modified cotton, gossypium hirsutum l., cultivars ('bollgard') that produce crystalline proteins from bacillus thuringiensis (berliner) are valuable tools for managing lepidopteran insect pests in the united states. however, high numbers of bollworm, helicoverpa zea (boddie), larvae have been observed feeding in white flowers of these cultivars. fresh tissue bioassays were conducted to investigate bollworm survival on bollgard and 'bollgard ii' cottons. bollworm survival was higher o ... | 2001 | 11777047 |
| heat stress induces the synthesis of a new form of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase activase in cotton leaves. | ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (rubisco; ec 4.1.1.39) activase mrna and protein synthesis were measured in the leaves of cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) plants under control (28 degrees c) or heat-stress (41 degrees c) conditions. a decline in activase transcript abundance occurred rapidly during the photoperiod and was unaffected by heat stress. in response to high temperature, de novo protein synthesis rapidly shifted from mainly expression of rubisco large and small subunits t ... | 2001 | 11762161 |
| [genetic diversity detected by dna markers and phenotypes in upland cotton]. | genetic diversity of upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) cultivars was evaluated by ssr, issr, and rapd. the genomic dnas of 36 domestic and exotic cultivars were amplified with 81 ssr primer pairs; 7 issr primers and 53 rapd primers, which yielded 282 polymorphic bands. the range of pair similarity coefficient (nei, m. and w. li 1979) between cultivars is from 0.5745 to 0.9291. the result indicated that although the present cultivars have genetic variation to a certain extent, the genetic bas ... | 2001 | 11725639 |
| spodoptera exigua oviposition and larval feeding preferences for pigweed, amaranthus hybridus, over squaring cotton, gossypium hirsutum, and a comparison of free amino acids in each host plant. | the beet armyworm, spodoptera exigua (hübner), can utilize a number of different host plants for oviposition and larval development, but some host plants are preferred over others. this study, using cage choice tests and olfactometer assays, demonstrates the beet armyworm's preference for pigweed, amaranthus hybridus l., over cotton, gossypium hirsutum l. cage and olfactometer choice assays indicated that olfaction plays an important role in host selection by ovipositing females. first instars e ... | 2001 | 11710608 |
| sucrose phosphate synthase activity rises in correlation with high-rate cellulose synthesis in three heterotrophic systems. | based on work with cotton fibers, a particulate form of sucrose (suc) synthase was proposed to support secondary wall cellulose synthesis by degrading suc to fructose and udp-glucose. the model proposed that udp-glucose was then channeled to cellulose synthase in the plasma membrane, and it implies that suc availability in cellulose sink cells would affect the rate of cellulose synthesis. therefore, if cellulose sink cells could synthesize suc and/or had the capacity to recycle the fructose rele ... | 2001 | 11706202 |
| cellulose in cyanobacteria. origin of vascular plant cellulose synthase? | although cellulose biosynthesis among the cyanobacteria has been suggested previously, we present the first conclusive evidence, to our knowledge, of the presence of cellulose in these organisms. based on the results of x-ray diffraction, electron microscopy of microfibrils, and cellobiohydrolase i-gold labeling, we report the occurrence of cellulose biosynthesis in nine species representing three of the five sections of cyanobacteria. sequence analysis of the genomes of four cyanobacteria revea ... | 2001 | 11598227 |