Publications

population analysis of a binary bacterial culture by multi-parametric flow cytometry.	to study the degradation of a xenobiotic that requires a mixed culture it is essential to monitor the proportions and to control the population dynamics of the component strains. for these purposes fluorochromising techniques and multi-parametric flow cytometry were used to follow rhodococcus erythropolis k2-3 and ochrobactrum anthropi k2-14, both of which are needed to degrade 4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)butyric acid (2,4-db). although the two strains can grow in constant proportions in mixed cultur ...	2002	12067522
h(2)o(2), which causes macrophage-related stress, triggers induction of expression of virulence-associated plasmid determinants in rhodococcus equi.	the response of the intracellular pathogen rhodococcus equi to h(2)o(2) treatment, a situation potentially encountered after the oxidative burst of alveolar macrophages, was analyzed. compared to other bacteria, including deinococcus radiodurans, r. equi showed exceptionally high resistance to this stress. a proteomic approach showed that four polypeptides present in the wild-type strain (85f) are missing in the plasmid-cured strain 85f(p-), and by using a dna macroarray, we identified two plasm ...	2002	12065520
rhodococcus equi brain abscess in an immunocompetent patient.	rhodococcus equi brain abscesses usually occur in immunocompromised patients with prolonged and refractory pulmonary infections. herein we report a case of r. equi brain abscess in a 67-y-old man without immunodepression. our patient recovered after neurosurgical resection and prolonged antimicrobial therapy with vancomycin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.	2002	12064695
substrate specificity of nickel/cobalt permeases: insights from mutants altered in transmembrane domains i and ii.	hoxn, a high-affinity, nickel-specific permease of ralstonia eutropha h16, and nhlf, a nickel/cobalt permease of rhodococcus rhodochrous j1, are structurally related members of the nickel/cobalt transporter (nicot) family. these transporters have an eight-helix structure and are characterized by highly conserved segments with polar or charged amino acid residues in transmembrane domains (tmds) ii, iii, v, and vi. two histidine residues in a ni2+ binding motif, the signature sequence of nicots, i ...	2002	12057951
transfer of tsukamurella wratislaviensis goodfellow et a. 1995 to the genus rhodococcus as rhodococcus wratislaviensis comb. nov..	a polyphasic study was undertaken to clarify the taxonomic position of the type strain (n805t) of tsukamurella wratislaviensis. this organism showed a combination of phenotypic properties, notably chemotaxonomic markers, consistent with its classification in the genus rhodococcus. comparative 16s rdna sequencing studies indicated that strain 805t falls into the rhodococcus erythropolis subclade, where it forms a monophyletic group with the type strains of rhodococcus opacus and rhodococcus perco ...	2002	12054234
degradation of phenol by rhodococcus erythropolis upv-1 immobilized on biolite in a packed-bed reactor.	a strain of rhodococcus erythropolis has been isolated and identified by 16s rrna sequencing. cells acclimated to phenol can be adsorbed on the external surface of beads of the ceramic support biolite where they grow forming a network of large filaments. exponentially-growing cells were adsorbed faster than their stationary-phase counterparts. immobilization resulted in a remarkable enhancement of the respiratory activity of cells and a shorter lag phase preceding the active phenol degradation. ...	2002	12052678
4-chlorocatechol 1,2-dioxygenase from the chlorophenol-utilizing gram-positive rhodococcus opacus 1cp: crystallization and preliminary crystallographic analysis.	4-chlorocatechol 1,2-dioxygenase (4-clc1,2do) from the gram-positive bacterium rhodococcus opacus (erythropolis) 1cp, an enzyme involved in the aerobic biodegradation of chloroaromatic compounds, has been crystallized. 4-clc1,2do, which specifically catalyzes the intradiol cleavage of 4-substituted catechols, which are intermediates in the degradation of a variety of aromatic pollutants, to the corresponding maleylacetates, has recently been purified to homogeneity. the enzyme is an homodimer co ...	2002	12037322
cavitary lung lesions due to coinfection of rhodococcus equi and mycobacterium kansasii in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.		2002	12034423
discrimination and taxonomy of geographically diverse strains of nitrile-metabolizing actinomycetes using chemometric and molecular sequencing techniques.	mycolic acid-containing actinomycetes capable of metabolizing nitriles were recovered from deep-sea sediments and terrestrial soils by enrichment culture on acetonitrile, benzonitrile, succinonitrile or bromoxynil. a total of 43 nitrile-degrading strains were isolated and, together with previously recovered nitrile-degrading rhodococci, were identified by a polyphasic taxonomic approach, which included mycolic acid profiles, pyrolysis mass spectrometry (pyms), genomic fingerprinting based on seq ...	2002	12030852
hydrophobicity development, alkane oxidation, and crude-oil emulsification in a rhodococcus species.	the relationship between the phenomena alkane oxidation, extreme hydrophobicity of the cell surface, and crude-oil emulsification in rhodococcus sp. strain 094 was investigated. compounds that induce the emulsifying ability simultaneously induced the cytochrome p450-containing alkane oxidizing system and the transition from low to high cell-surface hydrophobicity. exposed to inducers of crude-oil emulsification, the cells developed a strong hydrophobic character during exponential growth, which ...	2002	12030701
virulence genes of the phytopathogen rhodococcus fascians show specific spatial and temporal expression patterns during plant infection.	the phytopathogenic bacterium rhodococcus fascians provokes shoot meristem formation and malformations on aerial plant parts, mainly at the axils. the interaction is accompanied by bacterial colonization of the plant surface and tissues. upon infection, the two bacterial loci required for full virulence, fas and att, were expressed only at the sites of symptom development, although their expression profiles differed both spatially and temporally. the att locus was expressed principally in bacter ...	2002	12026179
[the role of low-molecular-weight nitrogen compounds in the osmotolerance of rhodococcus erythropolis and arthrobacter globiformis].	investigations showed that rhodococcus erythropolis e-15 and arthrobacter globiformis 2f cells respond to osmotic shock by increasing the synthesis of free amino acids, primarily glutamic acid (80% of the intracellular free amino acid pool). the osmoprotective role of glutamic acid follows from its beneficial effect on the growth of bacteria in high-salinity media. it was found that the addition of this amino acid to the growth medium at a concentration of 2 mm shortened the lag phase and increa ...	2002	12024813
[antagonistic interactions between stress factors during the growth of microorganisms under conditions simulating the parameters of their natural ecotopes].	two stress factors, hypoxia (microaerobic conditions) and a high salt concentration, if applied simultaneously to aerobic microorganisms, display an antagonistic mode of interaction. as a result, the nacl level that is usually optimal for moderate halophiles (5-6%) becomes optimal for the growth of weak halophiles (rhodococcus erythropolis and shewanella sp. cn32); the halotolerant yeast yarrowia lypolytica acquires halophilic properties (with a growth optimum at a nacl concentration of 10%), an ...	2002	12024812
water transformation in the media of biofilters controlled by rhodococcus fascians in treating an ethyl acetate-contaminated airstream.	biofilters do not provide much water for bacteria to grow. to use them efficiently and properly, it is essential to understand the kinetics of water transformation and to control moisture levels. this study aims to clarify whether the metabolism of microorganisms will improve the water-holding capacity of media or will intensify drying. this experiment was conducted in duplicate, that is, both with and without bacterial inoculation. both the constant water content mode and the declining water co ...	2002	12022691
biodegradation of phenol in synthetic and industrial wastewater by rhodococcus erythropolis upv-1 immobilized in an air-stirred reactor with clarifier.	phenol biodegradation by suspended and immobilized cells of rhodococcus erythropolis upv-1 was studied in discontinuous and continuous mode under optimum culture conditions. phenol-acclimated cells were adsorbed on diatomaceous earth, where they grew actively forming a biofilm of short filaments. immobilization protected cells against phenol and resulted in a remarkable enhancement of their respiratory activity and a shorter lag phase preceding active phenol degradation. under optimum operation ...	2002	12021809
phages and other mobile virulence elements in gram-positive pathogens.		2002	12012871
survival and naphthalene-degrading activity of rhodococcus sp. strain 1bn in soil microcosms.	the survival and activity of rhodococcus sp. strain 1bn, inoculated into naphthalene-contaminated sandy-loam soil microcosms, were studied using classical and molecular methods.	2002	12010546
reductive deamination as a new step in the anaerobic microbial degradation of halogenated anilines.	in this paper we report the isolation and characterization of an anaerobic enrichment culture as well as of a rhodococcus sp. strain 2 capable of degrading 3,4-dihaloanilines under nitrate reducing conditions. using mass spectrometry several of the intermediates formed in the process of 3,4-dichloroaniline conversion were identified. most interesting is the observation of reductive deamination and the formation of 1,2-dichlorobenzene as one of the intermediates. using 19f nmr and fluorinated 3,4 ...	2002	12007823
pharmacokinetics of azithromycin in foals after i.v. and oral dose and disposition into phagocytes.	the properties of azithromycin suggest that it may be an alternative to erythromycin for treatment of rhodococcus equi pneumonia in foals. to investigate this possibility, the disposition of azithromycin in plasma, polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmn), and alveolar cells was examined after a single administration in foals. azithromycin suspension was administered orally (p.o.) at a dose of 10 mg/kg to five healthy 2-3-month-old foals. two weeks later, azithromycin for injection was administered by ...	2002	12000529
isobutylidenediurea degradation by rhodococcus erythropolis.	a new enzyme (isobutylidenediurea amidinohydrolase) catalyzing the hydrolysis of isobutylidenediurea (a condensation product of urea and isobutyraldehyde widely used as a slow-release nitrogeneous fertilizer) was characterized from a strain of rhodococcus erythropolis. the enzyme was purified 1,250-fold to apparent homogeneity and shown to hydrolyze the fertilizer to urea and isobutyraldehyde at a molar ratio of 2: 1. no activity was observed with ureido- or other structurally related compounds. ...	2001	11995825
formation and resuscitation of "non-culturable" cells of rhodococcus rhodochrous and mycobacterium tuberculosis in prolonged stationary phase.	after growth of rhodococcus rhodochrous in sauton's medium, and further incubation for about 60 h in stationary phase, there was a transient (up to 5 log) decrease in the c.f.u. count, whereas the total count remained similar to its initial value. at the point of minimal viability, the most probable number (mpn) count was 10 times greater than the c.f.u. count. this difference was further magnified by 3-4 logs (giving values close to the total count) by incorporating supernatant taken from growi ...	2002	11988533
intraspecific diversity of brevibacterium linens, corynebacterium glutamicum and rhodococcus erythropolis based on partial 16s rdna sequence analysis and fourier-transform infrared (ft-ir) spectroscopy.	the intraspecific diversity of 31 strains of brevibacterium linens, 27 strains of corynebacterium glutamicum and 29 strains of rhodococcus erythropolis was determined by partial 16s rdna sequence analysis and fourier-transform infrared (ft-ir) spectroscopy. as a prerequisite for the analyses, 27 strains derived from culture collections which had carried invalid or wrong species designations were reclassified in accordance with polyphasic taxonomical data. ft-ir spectroscopy proved to be a rapid ...	2002	11988527
identification of phenyldecanoic acid as a constituent of triacylglycerols and wax ester produced by rhodococcus opacus pd630.	phenyldecane supported growth and lipid accumulation of rhodococcus opacus pd630 during cultivation under nitrogen-limiting conditions. the results of this study suggested that the hydrocarbon phenyldecane was degraded by monoterminal oxidation, followed by beta-oxidation of the alkyl side-chain to phenylacetic acid, and by an additional degradative route for the oxidation of the latter to intermediates of the central metabolism. alpha-oxidation of phenyldecanoic acid also occurred to some exten ...	2002	11988514
cell surface hydrophobicity and mycolic acid composition of rhodococcus strains isolated from activated sludge foam.	the bacteria causing foaming in activated sludge plants are considered to be hydrophobic, and their hydrophobicity is assumed to be a crucial factor in their foam-forming ability. this study showed no consistent relationship between cell surface hydrophobicity (csh), as determined by microbial adherence to hydrocarbons, of three rhodococcus spp. isolated from activated sludge foam and their ability to produce a stable foam. there also appeared to be no correlation between the mycolic acid compos ...	2002	11986930
rhodococcus equi: an emerging pathogen.	more than 100 cases of rhodococcus equi infection have been reported since the first description of human disease caused by this organism. the vast majority of patients infected with r. equi are immunocompromised, and two-thirds have human immunodeficiency virus infection. the clinical manifestations of r. equi infection are diverse, although 80% of patients have some pulmonary involvement. the organism is easily cultured from specimens of infected tissue or body fluid, but it may be misdiagnose ...	2002	11981734
extracellular polysaccharides of rhodococcus rhodochrous s-2 stimulate the degradation of aromatic components in crude oil by indigenous marine bacteria.	rhodococcus rhodochrous s-2 produces extracellular polysaccharides (s-2 eps) containing d-glucose, d-galactose, d-mannose, d-glucuronic acid, and lipids, which is important to the tolerance of this strain to an aromatic fraction of (af) arabian light crude oil (n. iwabuchi, n. sunairi, h. anzai, m. nakajima, and s. harayama, appl. environ. microbiol. 66:5073-5077, 2000). in the present study, we examined the effects of s-2 eps on the growth of indigenous marine bacteria on af. indigenous bacteri ...	2002	11976106
development of symbionts in triatomine bugs and the effects of infections with trypanosomatids.	in the intestinal tract of fifth instars of the hematophagous reduviid bugs rhodnius prolixus and triatoma infestans blood ingestion induced an initial decrease of the concentration of the respective symbiotic bacteria rhodococcus rhodnii and nocardia sp. and then within 10 days a 15- or 18-fold increase of the total population/bug to about 0.8 x 10(9) colony-forming units in r. prolixus and 1.8 x 10(9) colony-forming units in t. infestans. about 95-99% of the total populations of both symbionts ...	2002	11971650
researchers wrestle with spread and control of emerging infections.		2002	11966362
dissemination of catabolic plasmids among desiccation-tolerant bacteria in soil microcosms.	the dissemination of catabolic plasmids was compared to bioaugmentation by strain inoculation in microcosm experiments. when rhodococcus erythropolis strain t902, bearing a plasmid with trichloroethene and isopropylbenzene degradation pathways, was used as the inoculum, no transconjugant was isolated but the strain remained in the soil. this plasmid had a narrow host range. pseudomonas putida strain c8s3 was used as the inoculum in a second approach. it bore a broad host range conjugative plasmi ...	2001	11963851
[bacterial succession on n-alkanes under the conditions of sulfate reduction].	the dynamics of species composition of a hydrocarbon-oxidizing bacteriocenosis of a ground suspension of mozhaisk reservoir has been studied. the bacteriocenosis was undergoing development in a paraffin film (model association composed of sulfate-reducing bacteria and hydrocarbon-oxidizing bacteria). the type of bacterial succession did not depend on the depth, from which ground samples were collected. two microbial species (pseudomonas sp. and arthrobacter globiformis) were absolutely dominant. ...	2002	11962208
placentitis, fetal pneumonia, and abortion due to rhodococcus equi infection in a thoroughbred.	rhodococcus equi is a rare cause of equine abortion. this report describes pyogranulomatous placentitis and fetal pneumonia in a case of abortion from a thoroughbred mare. numerous gram-positive coccobacilli were noted histologically within macrophages in placental and pulmonary lesions. rhodococcus equi was isolated in pure culture from the placenta, lung, liver, kidney, and stomach content. this is the first description of placentitis due to rhodococcus equi infection in a horse.	2002	11939338
[role of cytology in the diagnosis of rhodococcus equi infection].	a 59-year-old hiv-positive man developed necrotizing right-lobe pneumonia with abscess formation. bronchial aspirates and bronchoalveolar lavage showed numerous inflammatory cells, mainly histiocytes and neutrophils, and intracellular and extracellular gram- and ziehl-nielsen-positive cocci and coccobacilli. rhodococcus equi was identified. the patient died one week after diagnosis and necropsy confirmed the presence of r. equi nectrotizing pneumonia.	2002	11938003
rhodococcus jostii sp. nov., isolated from a medieval grave.	the taxonomic position of a bacterial strain isolated from the femur of the remains of jost lucemburský, margrave in moravia, brno (czech republic), was investigated by phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and molecular taxonomic methods. the chemotaxonomic characteristics, including the cell-wall amino acid and sugar compositions, the quinone system and the fatty acid profile, were in good agreement with those of the genus rhodococcus. the g+c content of the dna was 67.4 mol%. comparative 16s rrna gene s ...	2002	11931149
growth and production of cholesterol oxidase by alginate-immobilized cells of rhodococcus equi no. 23.	rhodococcus equi no. 23 was immobilized in calcium alginate. no detrimental effect on the viability of the test organism was observed during the immobilization procedure. approx. 98% of the cell population originally present in the alginate solution were immobilized in the gel beads. when the cells of an equal volume of the culture, obtained respectively at exponential phase (12 h preculture), late-exponential phase (20 h preculture) or stationary phase (36 h preculture) were immobilized, the ge ...	2002	11916448
pyogranulomatous skin disease and cellulitis in a cat caused by rhodococcus equi.	this report describes a case of rhodococcus equi infection causing pyogranulomatous skin disease and cellulitis in a two-year-old female domestic shorthaired cat. the case differed from previously reported cases in cats in its clinical presentation and in the locations of the lesions, which were similar to those seen in horses. the presence of an intracellular organism was confirmed by cytology and on histopathology. the aetiological diagnosis was confirmed by routine biochemical tests specific ...	2002	11916057
rhodococcus erythropolis atcc 25544 as a suitable source of cholesterol oxidase: cell-linked and extracellular enzyme synthesis, purification and concentration.	the suitability of the strain rhodococcus erythropolis atcc 25544 grown in a two-liter fermentor as a source of cholesterol oxidase has been investigated. the strain produces both cell-linked and extracellular cholesterol oxidase in a high amount, that can be extracted, purified and concentrated by using the detergent triton x-114.	2002	11914155
[phylogenetic diversity of aerobic saprotrophic bacteria isolated from the daqing oil field].	a diverse and active microbial community in the stratal waters of the daqing oil field (china), which is exploited with the use of water-flooding, was found to contain aerobic chemoheterotrophic bacteria (including hydrocarbon-oxidizing ones) and anaerobic fermentative, sulfate-reducing, and methanogenic bacteria. the aerobic bacteria were most abundant in the near-bottom zones of injection wells. twenty pure cultures of aerobic saprotrophic bacteria were isolated from the stratal waters. under ...	2002	11910798
[the application of genetic engineering to the petroleum biodesulfurization].	the developed course and reaction mechanisms of petroleum biodesulfurization were introduced. the recent development of genetic engineering technology, which used in desulfuration strain's construction, reconstruction and other fields, was summarized emphatically. its current research situation internal and overseas and the developing prospect were simply analyzed, and our research designs were submitted.	2001	11910751
a novel streptomyces gene, samr, with different effects on differentiation of streptomyces ansochromogenes and streptomyces coelicolor.	a 1.4-kb dna fragment from streptomyces ansochromogenes accelerated mycelium formation of s. ansochromogenes when present on a multicopy plasmid. the dna fragment contains one complete open reading frame, designated samr, encoding a protein with 213 amino acids that contains a likely dna-binding helix-turn-helix motif close to its n-terminus. the deduced samr protein resembles the product of the hppr gene, which is involved in the regulation of catabolism of 3-(3-hydroxyphenyl) propionate in rho ...	2002	11907684
peripheral benzodiazepine receptor ligands reverse apoptosis resistance of cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.	the mitochondrial peripheral benzodiazepine receptor (mpbr) is involved in a functional structure designated as the permeability transition pore, which controls apoptosis. binding of fas/apo-1/cd95 triggers a prototypic apoptosis-inducing pathway. using four different human tumor cell lines (t-cell jurkat, neuroblastoma shep, osteosarcoma 143n2, and glioblastoma snb79 cell lines), all of which express cd95 and mpbr, we investigated the potential role of mpbr ligands in cd95-induced apoptosis. we ...	2002	11888910
npd gene functions of rhodococcus (opacus) erythropolis hl pm-1 in the initial steps of 2,4,6-trinitrophenol degradation.	rhodococcus (opacus) erythropolis hl pm-1 grows on 2,4,6-trinitrophenol (picric acid) or 2,4-dinitrophenol (2,4-dnp) as sole nitrogen source. a gene cluster involved in picric acid degradation was recently identified. the functional assignment of three of its genes, npdc, npdg and npdi, and the tentative functional assignment of a fourth one, npdh, is reported. the genes were expressed in escherichia coli as his-tag fusion proteins that were purified by ni-affinity chromatography. the enzyme act ...	2002	11882715
isocitrate lyase of the facultative intracellular pathogen rhodococcus equi.	isocitrate lyase is the first enzyme of the glyoxylate shunt which is required for the assimilation of fatty acids and acetate. the intracellular pathogen rhodococcus equi contains high activities of this enzyme following growth on acetate and lactate, indicating that it plays an important role in the metabolism of these substrates. the gene encoding isocitrate lyase (acea) was cloned and sequenced. it specifies a 46846 da protein, which was shown to be functional by expressing it in escherichia ...	2002	11882714
[soft-tissue abscess caused by rhodococcus equi in a patient on hemodialysis].		2001	11881436
formaldehyde removal in synthetic and industrial wastewater by rhodococcus erythropolis upv-1.	rhodococcus erythropolis strain upv-1 is able to grow on phenol as the only carbon and energy source and to remove formaldehyde completely from both synthetic and industrial wastewater. the rate of formaldehyde removal is independent of either initial biomass or formaldehyde concentration. the presence of viable, intact cells is strictly necessary for this removal to take place. discontinuous and continuous formaldehyde-feed systems were successfully tested with synthetic wastewater in shaken fl ...	2002	11876421
aseptic meningitis after neurosurgery: a demonstration of bacterial involvement.	objective: to evaluate the presence of bacteria in samples from patients suffering from 'aseptic' meningitis following craniotomy. methods: prospective study in which cerebrospinal fluid (csf) from patients suffering from post-craniotomy meningitis and negative control patients were submitted to conventional culture and to polymerase chain reaction (pcr) using bacterial 16s rrna universal primers, followed in some cases by dna sequencing of the pcr product and phylogenetic analysis. results: csf ...	1996	11866771
rhodococcus equi virulence-associated antigens and specific antibody response in aids patients infected with r. equi.	objectives: to analyze the expression of the 15- to 17-kda plasmid-encoded antigens from rhodococcus equi isolates of 7 aids patients and determine the immunologic response to these proteins in the patients' sera. methods: the expression of the virulence proteins in r. equi isolates and the specific antibody response were investigated by immunoblotting. plasmid dna was analyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis. results: the only patient infected with a strain carrying the virulence 85-kb plasmid a ...	1995	11866716
reactive oxygen species modulate zn(2+)-induced apoptosis in cancer cells.	some recent evidence has suggested a protective role of zinc against cancer. the mechanism by which zinc exerts this action has not been defined and, in particular, it has not been clarified whether zinc may directly act on cancer cells and the molecular mechanisms involved in this effect. in this study, we examined the in vitro effect of zinc on the apoptosis of mouse ts/a mammary adenocarcinoma cells, studying the zinc-dependent modulation of the intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species ...	2002	11864783
secondary prophylaxis of rhodococcus equi pneumonia in hiv infection: breakthrough despite rifampicin/erythromycin suppressive therapy.		1997	11864093
rhodococcus equi infection in non-hiv-infected patients. two case reports and review.	objective: to review two recent cases in hiv-negative subjects in the light of literature reports (52 patients without hiv infection till 1994). methods: epidemiology (animal contacts, risk factors, year, country), clinical presentation, diagnostic methods (x-ray, tomography, microbiological techniques), therapeutic approach (antibiotics, surgery) and outcome were evaluated on the basis of clinical literature reports. results: tumors constituted an important predisposing factor and less frequent ...	1997	11864070
in vitro evaluation of azd2563, a new oxazolidinone, tested against unusual gram-positive species.	the recently introduced oxazolidinone, linezolid, has a spectrum and potency directed against gram-positive organisms, including antimicrobial-resistant isolates. the newest agent in this class, azd2563 was tested against uncommonly isolated gram-positive species to establish the breadth of its spectrum. by reference broth microdilution methods, 120 strains were tested (48 corynebacterium spp., 10 species; 27 listeria spp., 2 species; 11 micrococcus spp., 2 species; 23 bacillus spp., 3 species; ...	2002	11858907
optimizing bioconversion pathways through systems analysis and metabolic engineering.	we demonstrate a general approach for metabolic engineering of biocatalytic systems comprising the uses of a chemostat for strain improvement and radioisotopic tracers for the quantification of pathway fluxes. flux determination allows the identification of target pathways for modification as validated by subsequent overexpression of the corresponding gene. we demonstrate this method in the indene bioconversion network of rhodococcus modified for the overproduction of 1,2-indandiol, a key precur ...	2002	11854482
rapid immunohistochemical detection of rhodococcus equi in impression smears from affected foals on postmortem examination.	the first objective of this study was to develop an immunohistochemical procedure for rapid detection of rhodococcus equi in impression smears from affected organs of foals on postmortem examination. the second aim was to demonstrate whether r. equi can be detected in smears of tracheal exudates collected from the same foals using an immunohistochemical method. impression smears and cryostat and paraffin-embedded sections were made from the lungs and mediastinal lymph nodes of three foals (a, b ...	2001	11846020
medical management of pneumonia caused by rhodococcus equi in a renal transplant recipient.	rhodococcus equi is an animal pathogen that occasionally causes opportunistic infections in immunocompromised patients. the most common clinical picture is one of necrotizing pneumonia with a tendency toward cavitation and the formation of abscesses. we report a case of pneumonia caused by r equi in a renal transplant patient. an excellent response was shown to antibiotic treatment. symptoms regressed, and the progressive disappearance of the lesion was confirmed on follow-up computed tomography ...	2002	11840398
rhodococcus equi pneumonia: highly active antiretroviral therapy helps but does not cure lung infection.		2002	11834975
enhancement of enzyme activity and enantioselectivity via cultivation in nitrile metabolism by rhodococcus sp. cgmcc 0497.	racemic 2-phenylpropionitrile was resolved enantioselectively by nitrile-converting enzymes in cells of rhodococcus sp. cgmcc 0497 to s-(+)-2-phenylpropionic acid and r-(-)-2-phenylpropionamide. by optimization of the culture conditions, great enhancement of enzyme activity and enantioselectivity was achieved. furthermore, the relationship between cell-growth periodicity and enzyme accumulation was studied; the addition of inducer was delayed by 1 day and the reaction was further improved. this ...	2002	11834131
[alive microorganism in the workplace ambient air in plants disposing communal waste].	this paper presents the results of the identification and determination of alive microorganisms in the air samples collected from the breath zone of workers employed in the waste collection and disposal. samples were taken during waste collection and in the waste reloading, sorting and composting plants. in addition, samples were taken at stationary sites: in the city and inside flats. different kinds of species of gram-positive bacteria (micrococcus, staphylococcus, enterococcus, bacillus, list ...	2001	11828848
chemostat approach for the directed evolution of biodesulfurization gain-of-function mutants.	chemostat enrichment is a classical microbiological method that is well suited for use in directed-evolution strategies. we used a two-phase sulfur-limited chemostat to select for gain-of-function mutants with mutations in the biodesulfurization (dsz) system of rhodococcus erythropolis igts8, enriching for growth in the presence of organosulfur compounds that could not support growth of the wild-type strain. mutations arose that allowed growth with octyl sulfide and 5-methylbenzothiophene as sol ...	2002	11823208
comparison of the emulsion characteristics of rhodococcus erythropolis and escherichia coli soxc-5 cells expressing biodesulfurization genes.	biodesulfurization of fuel oils is a two-phase (oil/water) process which may offer an interesting alternative to conventional hydrodesulfurization due to the mild operating conditions and reaction specificity afforded by the biocatalyst. for biodesulfurization to realize commercial success, a variety of process considerations must be addressed including reaction rate, emulsion formation and breakage, biocatalyst recovery, and both gas and liquid mass transport. this study evaluates emulsion form ...	2002	11822905
dna-based and culture-based characterization of a hydrocarbon-degrading consortium enriched from arctic soil.	a hydrocarbon-degrading consortium was enriched from fuel-contaminated soil from the northeastern tip of ellesmere island (82 degrees 30'n, 62 degrees 19'w). the enrichment culture was grown on jet a-1 fuel at 7 degrees c. bacterial 16s rna gene (rdna) fragments were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) from members of the above consortium and cloned into a plasmid vector. partial sequences (approximately 500 bp) were determined for 29 randomly selected rdna clones. the majority of seque ...	2001	11822837
metabolic engineering of indene bioconversion in rhodococcus sp.	we have applied the methodology of metabolic engineering in the investigation of the enzymatic bioreaction network in rhodococcus sp. that catalyzes the bioconversion of indene to (2r)-indandiol suitable for the synthesis of cis-1-amino-2-indanol, a precursor of the hiv protease inhibitor, crixivan. a chemostat with a novel indene air delivery system was developed to facilitate the study of steady state physiology of rhodococcus sp. 124. prolonged cultivation of this organism in a continuous flo ...	2001	11816813
a cycle of enzymatic reactions that behaves like a neuronal circuit.	a cycle of four enzymatic reactions with repression or allosteric inhibition of the enzymes has been proposed by analogy to a neural oscillator. the system is analysed in a situation remote from full symmetry. asymmetry has been introduced by treating one of the reagents as a reservoir substance with constant concentration and having essentially different rate constants for forward and backward reactions. it is demonstrated that, for certain values of parameters, the system can work as a strengt ...	2002	11812176
pulmonary infection caused by rhodococcus equi in hiv-infected patients: report of four patients from northern thailand.	we report four human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected patients (3 men and one woman, average age, 34.3 years) with pulmonary infection (two with pneumonia and two with lung abscess) caused by rhodococcus equi. these patients, who presented with fever and productive cough, were admitted to nakornping hospital in northern thailand. chest roentgenograms showed pulmonary infiltration and/or cavitary lesions. their conditions were poor because of severe anemia, and transfusion was necessary in t ...	2000	11810571
expression of a functional nad-reducing [nife] hydrogenase from the gram-positive rhodococcus opacus in the gram-negative ralstonia eutropha.	the actinomycete rhodococcus opacus mr11 harbors a bidirectional nad-reducing [nife] hydrogenase (sh). this cytoplasmic enzyme is composed of two heterodimeric modules which catalyze distinct enzymatic activities. the hydrogenase moiety mediates h(2):benzyl viologen oxidoreductase activity and the fmn-containing diaphorase module displays nadh:benzyl viologen oxidoreductase activity. the sh of rh. opacus resembles [nife] hydrogenases present in strains of the proteobacterium ralstonia eutropha a ...	2002	11807565
chromosomal locus that affects pathogenicity of rhodococcus fascians.	the gram-positive plant pathogen rhodococcus fascians provokes leafy gall formation on a wide range of plants through secretion of signal molecules that interfere with the hormone balance of the host. crucial virulence genes are located on a linear plasmid, and their expression is tightly controlled. a mutant with a mutation in a chromosomal locus that affected virulence was isolated. the mutation was located in gene vica, which encodes a malate synthase and is functional in the glyoxylate shunt ...	2002	11807072
laboratory investigations of the survivability of bacteria in hypervelocity impacts.	it is now well established that material naturally moves around the solar system, even from planetary surface to planetary surface. accordingly, the idea that life is distributed throughout space and did not necessarily originate on the earth but migrated here from elsewhere (panspermia) is increasingly deemed worthy of consideration. if life arrived at the earth from space, its relative speed will typically be of order many km s-1, and the resulting collision with the earth and its atmosphere w ...	2001	11803976
recurrent bacteremia caused by rhodococcus equi in a non-neutropenic patient with acute myeloid leukemia in complete remission.		2002	11801477
preparative isolation of lipid inclusions from rhodococcus opacus and rhodococcus ruber and identification of granule-associated proteins.	triacylglycerol granules synthesized and accumulated by rhodococcus opacus and rhodococcus ruber were isolated by glycerol density gradient centrifugation. whereas only one type of granule could be isolated from r. opacus, two types of granules with different specific densities were isolated from r. ruber. both types of r. ruber granules showed a similar content of triacylglycerols and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate- co-3-hydroxyvalerate), but the protein profiles of both types were significantly differ ...	2001	11797040
the triazine hydrolase gene trzn from nocardioides sp. strain c190: cloning and construction of gene-specific primers.	using oligonucleotides derived from the n-terminal sequence of a triazine hydrolase from nocardioides sp. strain c190, two dna fragments containing trzn were cloned into escherichia coli and their nucleotide sequences were determined. the 456-amino acid polypeptide predicted from the 1356-bp trzn orf displayed significant similarity to triazine hydrolases from pseudomonas and rhodococcus isolates and belonged to the same amidohydrolase family. the trzn gene was flanked by two dna sequences posse ...	2002	11786260
[effect of the media salinity on destruction of petroleum oils by nocardioform bacteria].	oil degradation by cultures of rhodococcus erythropolis and dietzia maris was found to depend on the nacl concentration in the medium. optimal utilization of turbine oil by r. erythropolis and d. maris was observed at 0.5 and 2 to 5% nacl concentration, respectively. mineral oil and a mixture of paraffins (c14-c18) were utilized within a broader range of the medium salinity. as shown by fluorescent microscopy, d. maris colonies formed on the oil drop surface, whereas r. erythropolis cells penetr ...	2001	11785132
the intermediate filament protein keratin 8 is a novel cytoplasmic substrate for c-jun n-terminal kinase.	keratins 8 (k8) and 18 are the primary intermediate filaments of simple epithelia. phosphorylation of keratins at specific sites affects their organization, assembly dynamics, and their interaction with signaling molecules. a number of keratin in vitro and in vivo phosphorylation sites have been identified. one example is k8 ser-73, which has been implicated as an important phosphorylation site during mitosis, cell stress, and apoptosis. we show that k8 is strongly phosphorylated on ser-73 upon ...	2002	11781324
fly-attracting volatiles produced by rhodococcus fascians and mycobacterium aurum isolated from myiatic lesions of sheep.	bacterial strains isolated from the healthy breech mucosa and myiatic wounds of ewes were tested for their volatile production as fly attractants towards wohlfahrtia magnifica (diptera: sarcophagidae). cultures were studied as fly baits in field experiments, and strains performing with the best chemotropic effect were selected for further analysis. static and dynamic headspace samples from shaken cultures were examined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (gc-ms). strains identified as rhodoc ...	2002	11777576
determination of key metabolites during biodegradation of hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine with rhodococcus sp. strain dn22.	rhodococcus sp. strain dn22 can convert hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (rdx) to nitrite, but information on degradation products or the fate of carbon is not known. the present study describes aerobic biodegradation of rdx (175 microm) when used as an n source for strain dn22. rdx was converted to nitrite (no(2)(-)) (30%), nitrous oxide (n(2)o) (3.2%), ammonia (10%), and formaldehyde (hcho) (27%), which later converted to carbon dioxide. in experiments with ring-labeled [(15)n]-rdx, gas ...	2002	11772623
studies on composition and stability of a large membered bacterial consortium degrading phenol.	a ten member microbial consortium (as) consisting of eight phenol-degrading and two non-phenol-degrading strains of bacteria was developed and maintained in a fed-batch reactor by feeding 500 mg l(-1) phenol for four years at 28 +/- 3 degrees c. the consortium could degrade 99% of 500 mg l(-1) phenol after 24 hours incubation with a biomass increase of 2.6 x 10(7) to 4 x 10(12) cfu ml(-1). characterization of the members revealed that it consisted of 4 principal genera, bacillus, pseudomonas, rh ...	2001	11770846
structure-specificity relationships for haloalkane dehalogenases.	a structural analysis of the substrate specificity of hydrolytic dehalogenases originating from three different bacterial isolates has been performed using the multiple computer-automated structure evaluation methodology. this methodology identifies structural fragments in substrate molecules that either activate or deactivate biological processes. the analysis presented in this contribution is based on newly measured dehalogenation data combined with data from the literature (91 substrates). th ...	2001	11764149
[formation of artificial nitrogen-fixing symbiosis with rape (brassica napus var. napus) plants in nonsterile soil].	the treatment of rape plants grown in nonsterile soil with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (auxin-like growth-promoting substance) or their inoculation with the bacterial association micrococcus sp. + rhodococcus sp. and/or with the mixed nitrogen-fixing culture azotobacter nigricans + bacillus sp. led to the formation of paranodules on the rape roots. the introduced bacteria were detected both in the intercellular space and inside the cells of the paranodules and the rape roots. the nitrogen-fix ...	2001	11763792
pharmacokinetics of azithromycin and concentration in body fluids and bronchoalveolar cells in foals.	to determine the pharmacokinetics of azithromycin and its concentration in body fluids and bronchoalveolar lavage cells in foals.	2001	11763173
degradation of aroclor 1242 in a single-stage coupled anaerobic/aerobic bioreactor.	degradation of aroclor 1242 was studied in granular biofilm reactors with limited aeration. an aerobic biphenyl degrader, rhodococcus sp. m5, was used to supplement a natural bacterial population present in a "bioaugmented" reactor, while the "non-bioaugmented" reactor only contained natural granular sludge. the bioaugmentation, however appeared to have no effect on the reactor performance. aroclor measurements showed its disappearance in both reactors with only 16-19% of aroclor recovered from ...	2001	11763034
desulfurization and desulfonation: applications of sulfur-controlled gene expression in bacteria.	inorganic sulfate is the preferred sulfur source for the growth of most microorganisms but, in its absence, many organosulfur compounds can be degraded microbially to provide sulfur. desulfurization of dibenzothiophene (dbt) by rhodococcus sp. and of aromatic sulfonates by pseudomonas sp. has considerable biotechnological potential. both these pathways require non-flavin-containing fmnh2-dependent monoxygenases (dszc/dsza and ssud, respectively). fmnh2 is provided from the freely diffusible fmnh ...	2001	11762590
physiology, biochemistry and taxonomy of deep-sea nitrile metabolising rhodococcus strains.	a collection of nitrile-hydrolysing rhodococci was isolated from sediments sampled from a range of deep coastal, and abyssal and hadal trench sites in the nw pacific ocean, as part of our programme on the diversity of marine actinomycetes. nitrile-hydrolysing strains were obtained by batch enrichments on nitrile substrates with or without dispersion and differential centrifugation pre-treatment of sediments, and were recovered from all of the depths sampled (approximately 1100-6500 m). two isola ...	2001	11759050
lessons from a bacterial cocaine esterase.		2002	11753424
novel 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid degradation genes from oligotrophic bradyrhizobium sp. strain hw13 isolated from a pristine environment.	the tfd genes of ralstonia eutropha jmp134 are the only well-characterized set of genes responsible for 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-d) degradation among 2,4-d-degrading bacteria. a new family of 2,4-d degradation genes, cadrabkc, was cloned and characterized from bradyrhizobium sp. strain hw13, a strain that was isolated from a buried hawaiian soil that has never experienced anthropogenic chemicals. the cadr gene was inferred to encode an arac/xyls type of transcriptional regulator from ...	2002	11751829
random insertion mutagenesis of the intracellular pathogen rhodococcus equi using transposomes.	the identification of virulence factors in rhodococcus equi has been severely hampered by the lack of a method for in vivo random insertion mutagenesis. this study reports the use of transposomes to generate random insertions of a gene conferring kanamycin resistance into the genome of r. equi atcc 33701. southern hybridisation using the kanamycin resistance gene as probe showed that insertion of transposome is random. this was confirmed following nucleotide sequence analysis of the junction bet ...	2001	11750810
unmarked gene deletion mutagenesis of kstd, encoding 3-ketosteroid delta1-dehydrogenase, in rhodococcus erythropolis sq1 using sacb as counter-selectable marker.	this paper reports the first method for the construction of unmarked gene deletion mutants in the genus rhodococcus. unmarked deletion of the kstd gene, encoding 3-ketosteroid delta1-dehydrogenase (kstd1) in rhodococcus erythropolis sq1, was achieved using the sacb counter-selection system. conjugative mobilization of the mutagenic plasmid from escherichia coli s17-1 to r. erythropolis strain sq1 was used to avoid its random genomic integration. the kstd gene deletion mutant, designated strain r ...	2001	11750802
barbiturase, a novel zinc-containing amidohydrolase involved in oxidative pyrimidine metabolism.	barbiturase, which catalyzes the reversible amidohydrolysis of barbituric acid to ureidomalonic acid in the second step of oxidative pyrimidine degradation, was purified to homogeneity from rhodococcus erythropolis jcm 3132. the characteristics and gene organization of barbiturase suggested that it is a novel zinc-containing amidohydrolase that should be grouped into a new family of the amidohydrolases superfamily. the amino acid sequence of barbiturase exhibited 48% identity with that of herbic ...	2002	11748240
crystal structure of a bacterial cocaine esterase.	here we report the first structure of a cocaine-degrading enzyme. the bacterial esterase, coce, hydrolyzes pharmacologically active (-)-cocaine to a non-psychoactive metabolite with a rate faster than any other reported cocaine esterase (kcat = 7.8 s-1 and km = 640 nm). because of the high catalytic proficiency of coce, it is an attractive candidate for novel protein-based therapies for cocaine overdose. the crystal structure of coce, solved by multiple anomalous dispersion (mad) methods, reveal ...	2002	11742345
hstk, a cyanobacterial protein with both a serine/threonine kinase domain and a histidine kinase domain: implication for the mechanism of signal transduction.	two distinct families of protein kinases are involved in signal transduction: ser, thr and tyr kinases, which are predominantly found among eukaryotes, and his kinases, as part of bacterial two-component signalling systems. genetic studies in arabidopsis and saccharomyces have demonstrated that bacterial-type two-component systems may act upstream of ser/thr kinases in the same signalling pathway, but how this coupling is accomplished remains unclear. in the present study, we report the characte ...	2001	11736654
alkanesulfonate degradation by novel strains of achromobacter xylosoxidans, tsukamurella wratislaviensis and rhodococcus sp., and evidence for an ethanesulfonate monooxygenase in a. xylosoxidans strain ae4.	novel isolates of achromobacter xylosoxidans, tsukamurella wratislaviensis and a rhodococcus sp. are described. these grew with short-chain alkanesulfonates as their sole source of carbon and energy. t. wratislaviensis strain sb2 grew well with c(3)-c(6) linear alkanesulfonates, isethionate and taurine, rhodococcus sp. strain cb1 used c(3)-c(10) linear alkanesulfonates, taurine and cysteate, but neither strain grew with ethanesulfonate. in contrast, a. xylosoxidans strain ae4 grew well with etha ...	2001	11734883
corrosion protection by anaerobiosis.	biofilm-forming bacteria can protect mild (unalloyed) steel from corrosion. mild steel coupons incubated with rhodoccocus sp. strain c125 and pseudomonas putida mt2 in an aerobic phosphate-buffered medium containing benzoate as carbon and energy source, underwent a surface reaction leading to the formation of a corrosion-inhibiting vivianite layer [fe3(po4)2]. electrochemical potential (e) measurements allowed us to follow the buildup of the vivianite cover. the presence of sufficient metabolica ...	2001	11730124
prevalence of virulent rhodococcus equi in soil from five r. equi-endemic horse-breeding farms and restriction fragment length polymorphisms of virulence plasmids in isolates from soil and infected foals in texas.	rhodococcus equi isolates (462) obtained from 64 soil samples collected on 5 r. equi-endemic horse-breeding farms and isolates from 100 infected foals in texas were examined to determine the prevalence and genotypic diversity of virulence-associated plasmids. isolates were tested for the presence of 15-17-kda virulence-associated protein antigens (vapa) by immunoblotting and virulence-associated plasmids by pcr. plasmid dnas were isolated and analyzed by digestion with restriction endonucleases ...	2001	11724139
rhodococcus equi pneumonia in a patient with human immunodeficiency virus: case report and review.	rhodococcus equi is a facultative, intracellular, gram-positive coccobacillus increasingly reported as an opportunistic pathogen in patients positive for human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). an hiv-positive man developed r. equi pneumonia and sepsis. he failed to improve despite surgical drainage of localized infection and many empiric antibiotics. time-kill studies of r. equi isolated from the patient were performed against various antimicrobial agents to optimize therapy. levofloxacin seemed to ...	2001	11718503
application of polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and taqman pcr techniques to the detection and identification of rhodococcus coprophilus in faecal samples.	rhodococcus coprophilus, a natural inhabitant of herbivore faeces, has been suggested as a good indicator of animal (as opposed to human) faecal contamination of aquatic environments. however, conventional detection methods limit its use for this as they require up to 21 days to obtain a result. in this paper an optimised method for extracting r. coprophilus dna from faecal samples is described. pcr and 5'-nuclease (taqman) pcr methods were developed to allow the detection and enumeration of r. ...	2001	11714526
in vitro activities of a new ketolide, abt-773, against multidrug-resistant gram-positive cocci.	the in vitro activities of abt-773 were evaluated against 324 strains of gram-positive bacteria, including multidrug-resistant staphylococcus spp. and enterococcus spp. abt-773 had lower mic ranges, mics at which 50% of isolates are inhibited (mic(50)s), and mic(90)s than erythromycin or clindamycin for almost all isolates tested. the mics of abt-773 were also lower than those of quinupristin-dalfopristin (q-d) for methicillin-susceptible staphylococcus aureus, rhodococcus spp., and streptococcu ...	2001	11709359
leafy gall formation by rhodococcus fascians.	rhodococcus fascians infects a wide range of plants, initiating the formation of leafy galls that consist of centers of shoot amplification and shoot growth inhibition. r. fascians is an epiphyte but it also can establish endophytic populations. bacterial signals involved in symptom development initiate de novo cell division and shoot meristem formation in differentiated tissues. the r. fascians signals exert activities that are distinct from mere cytokinin effects, and the evidence points to a ...	2001	11701858
apoptosis in oral lichen planus.	apoptotic cell death may be a contributory cause of basal cell destruction in oral lichen planus (olp). therefore. the purpose of this study was to investigate the rate of apoptosis in olp and the expression of two proteins (fasr and fasl) regulating this process. biopsies from 18 patients with histologically diagnosed olp were investigated, with comparison to normal oral mucosa of healthy persons. for visualisation of dna fragmentation, the tunel method was used. in order to characterise the in ...	2001	11695759
degradation of 1,3-dichloropropene by a soil bacterial consortium and rhodococcus sp. as2c isolated from the consortium.	a bacterial consortium capable of degrading the fumigant 1,3-d ((z)- and (e)- 1,3-dichloropropene) was enriched from an enhanced soil. this mixed culture degraded (z)- and (e)-1,3-d only in the presence of a suitable biodegradable organic substrate, such as tryptone, tryptophan, or alanine. after 8 months of subculturing at 2- to 3-week intervals, a strain of rhodococcus sp. (as2c) that was capable of degrading 1,3-d cometabolically in the presence of a suitable second substrate was isolated. (z ...	2001	11693294
enhanced biodegradation of methylhydrazine and hydrazine contaminated nasa wastewater in fixed-film bioreactor.	the aerobic biodegradation of national aeronautics and space administration (nasa) wastewater that contains mixtures of highly concentrated methylhydrazine/hydrazine, citric acid and their reaction product was studied on a laboratory-scale fixed film trickle-bed reactor. the degrading organisms, achromobacter sp., rhodococcus b30 and rhodococcus j10, were immobilized on coarse sand grains used as support-media in the columns. under continuous flow operation, rhodococcus sp. degraded the methylhy ...	2001	11693290
metabolism of anthracene by a rhodococcus species.	a rhodococcus sp. isolated from contaminated river sediment was investigated to determine if the isolate could degrade high molecular mass polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. the rhodococcus sp. was able to utilize anthracene (53%), phenanthrene (31%), pyrene (13%), and fluoranthene (5%) as sole source of carbon and energy, but not naphthalene or chrysene. in a study of the degradation of anthracene by a rhodococcus sp., the identification of ring-fission products indicated at least two ring-cleav ...	2001	11682202
rapid and specific identification of nitrile hydratase (nhase)-encoding genes in soil samples by polymerase chain reaction.	a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) protocol was developed for the specific detection of genes coding nitrile hydratase (nhase). primer design was based on the highly conserved sequences found in the coding region of the alpha-subunit gene corresponding to the metal-binding site. purified genomic dna from bacterial strains or directly from soil can serve as the target for the pcr, thus affording a simple and rapid method for screening nhase genes. the primer pairs, nhco1/nhco2 and nhfe1/nhfe2 yiel ...	2001	11682195
the att locus of rhodococcus fascians strain d188 is essential for full virulence on tobacco through the production of an autoregulatory compound.	the ability of rhodococcus fascians strain d188 to provoke leafy gall formation on a variety of plant species is correlated with the linear plasmid pfid188, on which different pathogenicity loci were identified. the att locus affects the severity of symptom development on tobacco, whereas the fas locus is essential for virulence. to gain insight into the function of the att locus, sequence and expression analyses were performed. the att locus contains nine open reading frames homologous to argin ...	2001	11679063
cloning and characterization of benzoate catabolic genes in the gram-positive polychlorinated biphenyl degrader rhodococcus sp. strain rha1.	benzoate catabolism is thought to play a key role in aerobic bacterial degradation of biphenyl and polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs). benzoate catabolic genes were cloned from a pcb degrader, rhodococcus sp. strain rha1, by using pcr amplification and temporal temperature gradient electrophoresis separation. a nucleotide sequence determination revealed that the deduced amino acid sequences encoded by the rha1 benzoate catabolic genes, benabcdk, exhibit 33 to 65% identity with those of acinetobact ...	2001	11673430