Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| differentiation between campylobacter hyoilei and campylobater coli using genotypic and phenotypic analyses. | genotypic and phenotypic methods were applied to investigate differences between the closely related species campylobacter hyoilei and campylobacter coli. a unique dna sequence from c. hyoilei was used to design a specific pcr assay that amplified a dna product of 383 bp for all c. hyoilei strains, but not other campylobacter species, including c. coli. the pcr assay could detect 100 fg pure c. hyoilei dna, 2 x 10(2) c.f.u. ml(-1) using cultured cells and 8.3 x 10(3) c.f.u. 0.1 g(-1) in faeces. ... | 2001 | 11411703 |
| cdta, cdtb, and cdtc form a tripartite complex that is required for cytolethal distending toxin activity. | campylobacter jejuni encodes a cytolethal distending toxin (cdt) that causes cells to arrest in the g(2)/m transition phase of the cell cycle. highly related toxins are also produced by other important bacterial pathogens. cdt activity requires the function of three genes: cdta, cdtb, and cdtc. recent studies have established that cdtb is the active subunit of cdt, exerting its effect as a nuclease that damages the dna and triggers cell cycle arrest. microinjection of cdtb into target cells led ... | 2001 | 11401974 |
| differential gene expression from two transcriptional units in the cag pathogenicity island of helicobacter pylori. | infection with helicobacter pylori strains containing the cag pathogenicity island (cag pai) is strongly correlated with the development of severe gastric disease, including gastric and duodenal ulceration, mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma, and gastric carcinoma. although in vitro studies have demonstrated that the expression of genes within the cag pai leads to the activation of a strong host inflammatory response, the functions of most cag gene products and how they work in concert t ... | 2001 | 11401955 |
| changes in campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli carriage rates in the zenica region [correction of zenica canton] of bosnia and herzegovina in the pre- and postwar periods. | 2001 | 11388169 | |
| comparative study using amplified fragment length polymorphism fingerprinting, pcr genotyping, and phenotyping to differentiate campylobacter fetus strains isolated from animals. | a collection of campylobacter fetus strains, including both c. fetus subsp. fetus and c. fetus subsp. venerealis, were phenotypically identified to the subspecies level and genotypically typed by pcr and amplified fragment length polymorphism (aflp) analysis. phenotypic subspecies determination methods were unreliable. genotyping of the strains by pcr and aflp showed a clear discrimination between the two subspecies. | 2001 | 11376071 |
| rapid identification of campylobacter spp. by melting peak analysis of biprobes in real-time pcr. | we describe rapid pcr-biprobe identification of campylobacter spp. this is based on real-time pcr with product analysis in the same system. the assay identifies enteropathogenic campylobacters to the species level on the basis of their degree of hybridization to three 16s ribosomal dna (rdna) biprobes. first-round symmetric pcr is performed with genus-specific primers which selectively target and amplify a portion of the 16s rrna gene common to all campylobacter species. second-round asymmetric ... | 2001 | 11376061 |
| coinfection of enteric helicobacter spp. and campylobacter spp. in cats. | during a 6-year period, 64 of 227 commercially reared cats had microaerobic bacteria isolated from their feces. all the isolates were initially identified as campylobacter-like organisms based on biochemical and phenotypic characteristics. dna extractions from 51 of these isolates were subjected to pcr using primers specific for helicobacter spp. and campylobacter spp. of the isolates, 92% (47 of 51 isolates) were positive for campylobacter spp., 41% (21 of 51 isolates) were positive for helicob ... | 2001 | 11376052 |
| etiology of children's diarrhea in montevideo, uruguay: associated pathogens and unusual isolates. | we studied microorganisms associated with infant diarrhea in a group of 256 children admitted to a public pediatric hospital in montevideo, uruguay. diagnostic procedures were updated to optimize detection of potential pathogens, which were found in 63.8% of cases, and to be able to define their characteristics down to molecular or antigenic type. coinfection with two or more agents was detected in more than one-third of positive studies. escherichia coli enteric virotypes, especially enteropath ... | 2001 | 11376047 |
| evidence that certain clones of campylobacter jejuni persist during successive broiler flock rotations. | through the national surveillance program for campylobacter spp., nine broiler chicken farms that were infected with campylobacter jejuni in at least five rotations in 1998 were identified. one additional farm, located at the island of bornholm where divided slaughter is used extensively, was also selected. twelve broiler houses located on 10 farms were included in the study. the c. jejuni isolates collected from the selected houses during the surveillance were typed using fla typing and macrore ... | 2001 | 11375189 |
| changes in the carriage of campylobacter strains by poultry carcasses during processing in abattoirs. | the recent development of simple, rapid genotyping techniques for campylobacter species has enabled investigation of the determinative epidemiology of these organisms in a variety of situations. in this study we have used the technique of fla typing (pcr-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of the flaa and flab genes) to identify the sources of strains contaminating the carcasses of five campylobacter-positive and two campylobacter-negative broiler flocks during abattoir processing. ... | 2001 | 11375174 |
| superoxide dismutase-deficient mutants of helicobacter pylori are hypersensitive to oxidative stress and defective in host colonization. | superoxide dismutase (sod) is a nearly ubiquitous enzyme among organisms that are exposed to oxic environments. the single sod of helicobacter pylori, encoded by the sodb gene, has been suspected to be a virulence factor for this pathogenic microaerophile, but mutations in this gene have not been reported previously. we have isolated mutants with interruptions in the sodb gene and have characterized them with respect to their response to oxidative stress and ability to colonize the mouse stomach ... | 2001 | 11349073 |
| comparison of two methods for serotyping campylobacter spp. | two serotyping schemes (penner and laboratory of enteric pathogens [lep]) based on soluble heat-stable antigens were used to analyze 3,788 campylobacter sp. isolates. a significant percentage (36.6%) was untypeable using lep serotyping; greater cross-reaction was also observed. the relative discrimination capabilities of the techniques were similar. penner serotyping fulfils more of the requisite criteria for typing methods. | 2001 | 11326013 |
| rapid pulsed-field gel electrophoresis protocol for subtyping of campylobacter jejuni. | we developed a rapid pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) protocol for subtyping campylobacter isolates based on the standardized protocols used by pulsenet laboratories for the subtyping of other food-borne bacterial pathogens. various combinations of buffers, reagents, reaction conditions (e.g., cell suspension concentration, lysis time, lysis temperature, and restriction enzyme concentration), and electrophoretic parameters were evaluated in an effort to devise a protocol that is simple, r ... | 2001 | 11326009 |
| recommendations of the subcommittee on the taxonomy of campylobacter and related bacteria. | the icsb subcommittee on the taxonomy of campylobacter and related bacteria has discussed several contemporaneous issues and makes the following recommendations. (i) the reported synonymy between campylobacter coli and campylobacter hyoilei was based on valid taxonomic arguments. the subcommittee therefore discourages the use of the name c. hyoilei. (ii) the revised infrasubspecific nomenclature of campylobacter sputorum is endorsed. c sputorum is subdivided into c. sputorum biovar sputorum (cha ... | 2001 | 11321120 |
| study of the infectivity of saline-stored campylobacter jejuni for day-old chicks. | the culturability of three campylobacter jejuni strains and their infectivity for day-old chicks were assessed following storage of the strains in saline. the potential for colonization of chicks was weakened during the storage period and terminated 3 to 4 weeks before the strains became nonculturable. the results from this study suggest that the role of starved and aged but still culturable campylobacters may be diminutive, but even more, that the role of viable but nonculturable stages in camp ... | 2001 | 11319130 |
| survival of campylobacter jejuni during stationary phase: evidence for the absence of a phenotypic stationary-phase response. | when campylobacter jejuni nctc 11351 was grown microaerobically in rich medium at 39 degrees c, entry into stationary phase was followed by a rapid decline in viable numbers to leave a residual population of 1% of the maximum number or less. loss of viability was preceded by sublethal injury, which was seen as a loss of the ability to grow on media containing 0.1% sodium deoxycholate or 1% sodium chloride. resistance of cells to mild heat stress (50 degrees c) or aeration was greatest in exponen ... | 2001 | 11319108 |
| bacteriophage-bacteriophage interactions in the evolution of pathogenic bacteria. | many bacteriophages carry virulence genes encoding proteins that play a major role in bacterial pathogenesis. recently, investigators have identified bacteriophage-bacteriophage interactions in the bacterial host cell that also contribute significantly to the virulence of bacterial pathogens. the relationships between the bacteriophages pertain to one bacteriophage providing a helper function for another, unrelated bacteriophage in the host cell. accordingly, these interactions can involve the m ... | 2001 | 11303502 |
| identification of thermophilic campylobacter spp. by phenotypic and molecular methods. | the differences between phenotyping and genotyping (polymerase chain reaction- restriction fragment length polymorphism) of campylobacter jejuni, campylobacter coli, campylobacter lari and campylobacter upsaliensis were assessed. | 2001 | 11298244 |
| streptococcus salivarius fimbriae are composed of a glycoprotein containing a repeated motif assembled into a filamentous nondissociable structure. | streptococcus salivarius, a gram-positive bacterium found in the human oral cavity, expresses flexible peritrichous fimbriae. in this paper, we report purification and partial characterization of s. salivarius fimbriae. fimbriae were extracted by shearing the cell surface of hyperfimbriated mutant a37 (a spontaneous mutant of s. salivarius atcc 25975) with glass beads. preliminary experiments showed that s. salivarius fimbriae did not dissociate when they were incubated at 100 degrees c in the p ... | 2001 | 11292790 |
| specific detection and prevalence of helicobacter heilmannii-like organisms in the human gastric mucosa by fluorescent in situ hybridization and partial 16s ribosomal dna sequencing. | gastric infection with helicobacter heilmannii (previously known as gastrospirillum hominis) is invariably linked with the presence of chronic gastritis and the risk of developing low-grade mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma in humans. in contrast to helicobacter pylori, various h. heilmannii species colonize the stomachs of domestic animals, which might be a reservoir for transmission to humans (zoonosis). to identify the number and prevalence of different h. heilmanni types in humans, ... | 2001 | 11283079 |
| development of an immunoassay for rapid detection of ganglioside gm(1) mimicry in campylobacter jejuni strains. | mimicry of peripheral nerve gangliosides by campylobacter jejuni lipopolysaccharides (lpss) has been proposed to induce cross-reacting antiganglioside antibodies in guillain-barré syndrome (gbs). because current methods for lps characterization are labor-intensive and inhibit the screening of large numbers of strains, a rapid gm(1) epitope screening assay was developed. biomass from two agar plates of confluent growth yielded sufficient lps using a novel phenol-water and ether extraction procedu ... | 2001 | 11283076 |
| molecular characterization of invasive and noninvasive campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli isolates. | campylobacter jejuni is one of the most common causes of bacterial diarrhea worldwide and is the primary bacterial cause of food-borne illness. adherence to and invasion of epithelial cells are the most important pathogenic mechanisms of campylobacter diarrhea. molecular characterization of invasive and noninvasive campylobacter isolates from children with diarrhea and symptom-free children was performed by random amplified polymorphic dna techniques (rapd). a distinct rapd profile with a dna ba ... | 2001 | 11283056 |
| genotypic analysis of escherichia coli strains from poultry carcasses and their susceptibilities to antimicrobial agents. | plasmid profiling and amplified fragment length polymorphism (aflp) analysis were used to genotype 50 escherichia coli strains from poultry carcasses. thirty different plasmid profiles were evident, and clustering of the aflp data showed that they were a distinctly heterogeneous group of strains. susceptibility testing against five antimicrobial agents used in the south african poultry industry showed all strains to be susceptible to danofloxacin and colistin, while the majority (96%) were resis ... | 2001 | 11282652 |
| genomic relatedness within five common finnish campylobacter jejuni pulsed-field gel electrophoresis genotypes studied by amplified fragment length polymorphism analysis, ribotyping, and serotyping. | thirty-five finnish campylobacter jejuni strains with five smai/sacii pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) genotypes selected among human and chicken isolates from 1997 and 1998 were used for comparison of their pfge patterns, amplified fragment length polymorphism (aflp) patterns, haeiii ribotypes, and heat-stable (hs) serotypes. the discriminatory power of pfge, aflp, and ribotyping with haeiii were shown to be at the same level for this selected set of strains, and these methods assigned t ... | 2001 | 11282608 |
| use of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and flagellin gene typing in identifying clonal groups of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli in farm and clinical environments. | although campylobacters have been isolated from a wide range of animal hosts, the association between campylobacters isolated from humans and animals in the farm environment is unclear. we used flagellin gene typing and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) to investigate the genetic diversity among isolates from animals (cattle, sheep, and turkey) in farm environments and sporadic cases of campylobacteriosis in the same geographical area. forty-eight combined fla types were seen among the 315 ... | 2001 | 11282587 |
| allelic diversity and recombination in campylobacter jejuni. | the allelic diversity and population structure of campylobacter jejuni were studied by multilocus nucleotide sequence analysis. sequences from seven housekeeping genes were obtained from 32 c. jejuni isolates isolated from enteritis patients in germany, hungary, thailand, and the united states. also included was strain nctc 11168, the complete genomic sequence of which has recently been published. for all loci analyzed, multiple strains carried identical alleles. the frequency of synonymous and ... | 2001 | 11274115 |
| comparison of basal broth media for the optimal laboratory recovery of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli. | campylobacter species are the most common known bacterial cause of acute diarrhoeal disease and incidences are increasing yearly in ireland. concern is expressed that this increase may be due to poor laboratory techniques in recognising these organisms as they are fastidious and technically demanding to culture. | 2000 | 11272874 |
| extent of microbial contamination in united states pork retail products. | to determine the extent of microbiological contamination of u.s. pork, 384 samples of retail pork were collected from 24 stores in six cities, including (i) whole-muscle, store-packaged pork; (ii) fresh, store-packaged ground pork and/or pork sausage; (iii) prepackaged ground pork and/or pork sausage; and (iv) whole-muscle, enhanced (injected or marinated; 60% store-packaged, 40% prepackaged) pork. additional samples (n = 120) of freshly ground pork and/or pork sausage were collected from two ho ... | 2001 | 11271763 |
| quinolone and macrolide resistance in campylobacter jejuni and c. coli: resistance mechanisms and trends in human isolates. | the incidence of human campylobacter jejuni and c. coli infections has increased markedly in many parts of the world in the last decade as has the number of quinolone-resistant and, to a lesser extent, macrolide-resistant campylobacter strains causing infections. we review macrolide and quinolone resistance in campylobacter and track resistance trends in human clinical isolates in relation to use of these agents in food animals. susceptibility data suggest that erythromycin and other macrolides ... | 2001 | 11266291 |
| helicobacter pylori resists phagocytosis by macrophages: quantitative assessment by confocal microscopy and fluorescence-activated cell sorting. | helicobacter pylori infection of the stomach epithelium is characterized by an infiltration of polymorphonuclear and mononuclear cells. these immune cells contribute to mucosal damage which may eventually lead to gastritis, peptic ulcer, gastric cancer, and/or malt-associated gastric lymphoma. here we show that h. pylori inhibits its own uptake, as well as in trans the phagocytosis of neisseria gonorrhoeae, by human and murine macrophages. this antiphagocytic activity is dependent on the presenc ... | 2001 | 11254625 |
| pcr-elisas for the detection of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli in poultry samples. | campylobacter species, primarily campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli, are regarded as a major cause of human gastrointestinal disease, commonly acquired by eating undercooked chicken. we describe a pcr-elisa for the detection of campylobacter species and the discrimination of c. jejuni and c. coli in poultry samples. the pcr assay targets the 16s/23s ribosomal rna intergenic spacer region of campylobacter species with dna oligonucleotide probes designed for the specific detection of c. j ... | 2001 | 11252796 |
| in vitro transposition system for efficient generation of random mutants of campylobacter jejuni. | campylobacter jejuni is the most common cause of food-borne illnesses in the united states. despite the fact that the entire nucleotide sequence of its genome has recently become available, its mechanisms of pathogenicity are poorly understood. this is in part due to the lack of an efficient mutagenesis system. here we describe an in vitro transposon mutagenesis system based on the staphylococcus aureus transposable element tn552 that allows the efficient generation of insertion mutants of c. je ... | 2001 | 11244083 |
| antibody responses to campylobacter infections determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay: 2-year follow-up study of 210 patients. | an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was adapted to measure immunoglobulin g (igg), igm, and iga classes of human serum antibody to campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli. heat-stable antigen, a combination of c. jejuni serotype o:1,44 and o:53 in the ratio 1:1, was used as a coating antigen in the elisa test. a total of 631 sera from 210 patients with verified campylobacter enteritis were examined at various intervals after infection, and a control group of 164 sera were tested to ... | 2001 | 11238214 |
| evidence for a genetically stable strain of campylobacter jejuni. | the genetic stability of selected epidemiologically linked strains of campylobacter jejuni during outbreak situations was investigated by using subtyping techniques. strains isolated from geographically related chicken flock outbreaks in 1998 and from a human outbreak in 1981 were investigated. there was little similarity in the strains obtained from the different chicken flock outbreaks; however, the strains from each of three chicken outbreaks, including strains isolated from various environme ... | 2001 | 11229909 |
| novel lysophospholipase a secreted by legionella pneumophila. | we show that legionella pneumophila possesses lysophospholipase a activity, which releases fatty acids from lysophosphatidylcholine. the nh2-terminal sequence of the enzyme contained fgdsls, corresponding to a catalytic domain in a recently described group of lipolytic enzymes. culture supernatants of a l. pneumophila pild mutant lost the ability to cleave lysophosphatidylcholine. | 2001 | 11222614 |
| essential thioredoxin-dependent peroxiredoxin system from helicobacter pylori: genetic and kinetic characterization. | helicobacter pylori, an oxygen-sensitive microaerophile, contains an alkyl hydroperoxide reductase homologue (ahpc, hp1563) that is more closely related to 2-cys peroxiredoxins of higher organisms than to most other eubacterial ahpc proteins. allelic replacement mutagenesis revealed ahpc to be essential, suggesting a critical role for ahpc in defending h. pylori against oxygen toxicity. characterization of the ahpc promoter region divulged two putative regulatory elements and identified the tran ... | 2001 | 11222594 |
| macrolide resistance in campylobacter coli of animal origin in denmark. | 2001 | 11221726 | |
| national surveillance of campylobacter in broilers at slaughter in denmark in 1998. | a surveillance study for thermophilic campylobacter spp. in broiler flocks was carried out for the year 1998 in denmark. the study included examinations of 4286 broiler flocks comprising samples from 57,000 birds. overall, a flock prevalence of 46.0% was recorded. the species distribution was campylobacter jejuni 86%, campylobacter coli 11%, campylobacter lari 1%, other not further diagnosed species 2%. the prevalence was significantly higher in the period from june to october (3.2 < odds ratio ... | 2000 | 11195660 |
| detection of thermophilic campylobacter from sparrows by multiplex pcr: the role of sparrows as a source of contamination of broilers with campylobacter. | the best combination of primers and the annealing temperature of multiplex pcr for campylobacter jejuni, campylobacter coli, and campylobacter lari were examined. the multiplex pcr was able to detect type strains of the three species. all results of identification of wild strains (30 strains of c. jejuni, 20 strains of c. coli, and 4 strains of c. lari) by the multiplex pcr coincided with those of the conventional biochemical identification tests, suggesting that the multiplex pcr can simultaneo ... | 2000 | 11193345 |
| allelic variation within helicobacter pylori baba and babb. | helicobacter pylori strains show both geographic and disease-associated allelic variation. we investigated the diversity present in two genes, baba and babb, which are members of a paralogous family of outer membrane proteins. eleven family members within a single h. pylori strain, predicted to encode proteins with substantial n- and c-terminal similarity to each other, were classified as baba paralogues. in their central regions, most are less than 54% related to one another. examining the baba ... | 2001 | 11160014 |
| vacuolating cytotoxin of helicobacter pylori plays a role during colonization in a mouse model of infection. | helicobacter pylori, the causative agent of gastritis and ulcer disease in humans, secretes a toxin called vaca (vacuolating cytotoxin) into culture supernatants. vaca was initially characterized and purified on the basis of its ability to induce the formation of intracellular vacuoles in tissue culture cells. h. pylori strains possessing different alleles of vaca differ in their ability to express active toxin. those strains expressing higher toxin levels are correlated with more severe gastric ... | 2001 | 11159961 |
| clonal relationships among shigella serotypes suggested by cryptic flagellin gene polymorphism. | the presence of cryptic flic alleles in the genomes of 120 strains representative of the four shigella species was investigated. one fragment was obtained by pcr amplification of flic, with a size varying from 1.2 to 3.2 kbp, depending on the species or serotype. after digestion with endonuclease hhai, the number of fragments in patterns varied from three to nine, with sizes of between 115 and 1,020 bp. patterns sharing most of their bands were grouped to constitute an f type. a total of 17 diff ... | 2001 | 11158126 |
| systematic identification of selective essential genes in helicobacter pylori by genome prioritization and allelic replacement mutagenesis. | a comparative genomic approach was used to identify helicobacter pylori 26695 open reading frames (orfs) which are conserved in h. pylori j99 but highly diverged in other eubacteria. a survey of selected pathways of central intermediary metabolism was also carried out, and genes with a potentially selective role in h. pylori were identified. forty-five orfs identified in these two analyses were screened using a rapid vector-free allelic replacement mutagenesis technique, and 33 were shown to be ... | 2001 | 11157938 |
| competitive exclusion of heterologous campylobacter spp. in chicks. | chicken and human isolates of campylobacter jejuni were used to provide oral challenge of day-old broiler chicks. the isolation ratio of the competing challenge strains was monitored and varied, depending upon the isolates used. a pcr-restriction fragment length polymorphism assay of the flagellin gene (flaa) was used to discriminate between the chick-colonizing isolates. our observations indicated that the selected c. jejuni colonizers dominated the niche provided by the chicken ceca. chicken i ... | 2001 | 11157253 |
| rapid detection of enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli by real-time pcr with fluorescent hybridization probes. | in this report, we present a pcr protocol for rapid identification of enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli on a lightcycler instrument. in a multiplex assay, the genes encoding shiga toxin 1 and shiga toxin 2 are detected in a single reaction capillary. a complete analysis of up to 32 samples takes about 45 min. | 2001 | 11136804 |
| detection and initial characterization of novel capsular polysaccharide among diverse campylobacter jejuni strains using alcian blue dye. | we have recently demonstrated that most strains of campylobacter jejuni produce capsular polysaccharide (cps), which can be detected by immunoblotting with homologous penner antisera on polyvinylidene difluoride membranes (a. v. karlyshev, d. linton, n. a. gregson, a. j. lastovica, and b. w. wren, mol. microbiol. 35:529-541, 2000). in this report, we describe a universal and rapid staining procedure using alcian blue for c. jejuni cps, which does not rely on the availability of antisera and iden ... | 2001 | 11136784 |
| multilocus sequence typing system for campylobacter jejuni. | the gram-negative bacterium campylobacter jejuni has extensive reservoirs in livestock and the environment and is a frequent cause of gastroenteritis in humans. to date, the lack of (i) methods suitable for population genetic analysis and (ii) a universally accepted nomenclature has hindered studies of the epidemiology and population biology of this organism. here, a multilocus sequence typing (mlst) system for this organism is described, which exploits the genetic variation present in seven hou ... | 2001 | 11136741 |
| antimicrobial properties of garlic oil against human enteric bacteria: evaluation of methodologies and comparisons with garlic oil sulfides and garlic powder. | the antimicrobial effects of aqueous garlic extracts are well established but those of garlic oil (go) are little known. methodologies for estimating the antimicrobial activity of go were assessed and go, go sulfide constituents, and garlic powder (gp) were compared in tests against human enteric bacteria. test methodologies were identified as capable of producing underestimates of go activity. antimicrobial activity was greater in media lacking tryptone or cysteine, suggesting that, as for alli ... | 2001 | 11133485 |
| modeling of combined processing steps for reducing escherichia coli o157:h7 populations in apple cider. | probabilistic models were used as a systematic approach to describe the response of escherichia coli o157:h7 populations to combinations of commonly used preservation methods in unpasteurized apple cider. using a complete factorial experimental design, the effect of ph (3. 1 to 4.3), storage temperature and time (5 to 35 degrees c for 0 to 6 h or 12 h), preservatives (0, 0.05, or 0.1% potassium sorbate or sodium benzoate), and freeze-thaw (f-t; -20 degrees c, 48 h and 4 degrees c, 4 h) treatment ... | 2001 | 11133437 |
| molecular ecology of tetracycline resistance: development and validation of primers for detection of tetracycline resistance genes encoding ribosomal protection proteins. | phylogenetic analysis of tetracycline resistance genes encoding the ribosomal protection proteins (rpps) revealed the monophyletic origin of these genes. the most deeply branching class, exemplified by tet and otra, consisted of genes from the antibiotic-producing organisms streptomyces rimosus and streptomyces lividans. with a high degree of confidence, the corresponding genes of the other seven classes (tet m, tet s, tet o, tet w, tet q, tet t, and tetb p) formed phylogenetically distinct sepa ... | 2001 | 11133424 |
| campylobacter contamination of raw meat and poultry at retail sale: identification of multiple types and comparison with isolates from human infection. | campylobacter species are the major cause of acute bacterial enteritis reported in the united kingdom, nonetheless many aspects of campylobacteriosis epidemiology remain poorly understood. the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli in fresh bovine, ovine, and porcine liver and chicken portions from retail outlets and compare strain subtype distributions with those associated with cases of human campylobacteriosis occurring within the same ... | 2000 | 11131886 |
| macrolide resistance conferred by base substitutions in 23s rrna. | 2001 | 11120937 | |
| role of flm locus in mesophilic aeromonas species adherence. | the adherence mechanism of aeromonas caviae sch3n to hep-2 cells was initially investigated through four mini-tn5 mutants that showed a 10-fold decrease in adherence. these mutants lost motility, flagella, and their lipopolysaccharide (lps) o antigen (o-ag). three genes, flmb-neua-flmd, were found to be interrupted by the transposon insertions; additionally, two other genes, one lying upstream (flma) and one downstream (neub), were found to be clustered in the same operon. while the flma and flm ... | 2001 | 11119490 |
| the effect of thermal stress on campylobacter coli. | enteropathogenic campylobacter jejuni, camp. coli and camp. lari are currently the most common cause of acute infectious diarrhoeal illness in the uk. many domestic animals, including pigs, act as natural reservoirs for these organisms and infection may occur through the ingestion of contaminated foodstuffs. the safety of locally produced porcine liver was assessed in relation to the heat susceptibility of campylobacter spp. present in eviscerated product. | 2000 | 11119166 |
| evaluation of a new commercial immunoassay for rapid detection of campylobacter jejuni in stool samples. | in order to evaluate a new commercial enzyme immunoassay (prospect campylobacter microplate assay; alexon-trend, usa) for the detection of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli in stool samples, 30 faecal specimens known to be culture-positive for campylobacter jejuni were tested with the new assay. the detection limit was approximately 3 x 10(6)/ml in faecal suspensions. the sensitivity relative to culture was 80% (24/30). all of the 24 positive samples, except for one, remained positive ... | 2000 | 11117647 |
| purification, characterization and sequence analysis of omp50,a new porin isolated from campylobacter jejuni. | a novel pore-forming protein identified in campylobacter was purified by ion-exchange chromatography and named omp50 according to both its molecular mass and its outer membrane localization. we observed a pore-forming ability of omp50 after re-incorporation into artificial membranes. the protein induced cation-selective channels with major conductance values of 50-60 ps in 1 m nacl. n-terminal sequencing allowed us to identify the predicted coding sequence cj1170c from the campylobacter jejuni g ... | 2000 | 11104668 |
| detection on surfaces and in caco-2 cells of campylobacter jejuni cells transformed with new gfp, yfp, and cfp marker plasmids. | we have developed two sets of campylobacter shuttle vectors containing either the gfp (green fluorescent protein), yfp (yellow fluorescent protein), or cfp (cyan fluorescent protein) reporter gene. in one set, the reporter gene is fused to a consensus campylobacter promoter sequence (p(c)). the other set contains a puc18 multicloning site upstream of the reporter gene, allowing the construction of transcriptional fusions using known promoters or random genomic fragments. c. jejuni cells transfor ... | 2000 | 11097924 |
| identification of taxonomic and epidemiological relationships among campylobacter species by numerical analysis of aflp profiles. | amplified fragment length polymorphism (aflp)-based profiling was performed on 138 strains representing all named campylobacter species and subspecies. profiles of 15/16 species comprised 6 to greater than 100 fragments and were subjected to numerical analysis. the mean similarity of 48 duplicate, outbreak and/or 'identical' strain profiles exceeded 94%. species were clearly distinguished at the 17.90% similarity (s-) level in the dendrogram. subspecies of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter ... | 2000 | 11094296 |
| sialylation of lipooligosaccharide cores affects immunogenicity and serum resistance of campylobacter jejuni. | three genes involved in biosynthesis of the lipooligosaccharide (los) core of campylobacter jejuni msc57360, the type strain of the hs:1 serotype, whose structure mimics gm(2) ganglioside, have been cloned and characterized. mutation of genes encoding proteins with homology to a sialyl transferase (cstii) and a putative n-acetylmannosamine synthetase (neuc1), part of the biosynthetic pathway of n-acetylneuraminic acid (neunac), have identical phenotypes. the los cores of these mutants display id ... | 2000 | 11083778 |
| campylobacter jejuni cytolethal distending toxin mediates release of interleukin-8 from intestinal epithelial cells. | live cells of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli can induce release of interleukin-8 (il-8) from int407 cells. additionally, membrane fractions of c. jejuni 81-176, but not membrane fractions of c. coli strains, can also induce release of il-8. membrane preparations from 81-176 mutants defective in any of the three membrane-associated protein subunits of cytolethal distending toxin (cdt) were unable to induce il-8. the presence of the three cdt genes on a shuttle plasmid in trans restor ... | 2000 | 11083762 |
| genotyping of clinical and chicken isolates of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli. | genomic dna from 58 strains of campylobacter made up of 48 campylobacter jejuni and ten campylobacter coli were digested with sma i and analysed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge). the cleavage of dna by sma i gave 22 distinct hybridization patterns. the two campylobacter species were subtyped by pfge. the average genomic size for c. jejuni by sma i digestion was 1.73 mb, while that of c. coli gave 1.7 mb. results from this study indicate that pfge analysis by sma i digested genomic dna ... | 2000 | 11077971 |
| identification of ciprofloxacin-resistant campylobacter jejuni by use of a fluorogenic pcr assay. | fluoroquinolones are one class of antimicrobial agents commonly used to treat severe campylobacter jejuni infection. c. jejuni strains resistant to high levels of the fluoroquinolone ciprofloxacin (mic >/=16 microg/ml) have been predominantly characterized with a c-->t transition in codon 86 of gyra. the gyra gene encodes one subunit of dna gyrase, which is a primary target for fluoroquinolone antibiotics. this study establishes a rapid pcr-based taqman method for identifying ciprofloxacin-resis ... | 2000 | 11060054 |
| characterization of a novel outer membrane hemin-binding protein of porphyromonas gingivalis. | porphyromonas gingivalis is a gram-negative, anaerobic coccobacillus that has been implicated as a major etiological agent in the development of chronic periodontitis. in this paper, we report the characterization of a protein, ihtb (iron heme transport; formerly designated pga30), that is an outer membrane hemin-binding protein potentially involved in iron assimilation by p. gingivalis. ihtb was localized to the cell surface of p. gingivalis by western blot analysis of a sarkosyl-insoluble oute ... | 2000 | 11053391 |
| genetics of swarming motility in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium: critical role for lipopolysaccharide. | salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium can differentiate into hyperflagellated swarmer cells on agar of an appropriate consistency (0.5 to 0.8%), allowing efficient colonization of the growth surface. flagella are essential for this form of motility. in order to identify genes involved in swarming, we carried out extensive transposon mutagenesis of serovar typhimurium, screening for those that had functional flagella yet were unable to swarm. a majority of these mutants were defective in lipopo ... | 2000 | 11053374 |
| milkborne campylobacter infection in hungary. | in april 1998, an annual 2-day animal farm sale was held in hódmezóvásárhely, where 500 to 600 visitors consumed unpasteurized milk. the first signs of disease began 2 days after the end of the sale. fifty-two people from a wide age range fell ill, primarily with inflammatory enteritis. these cases included 34 with campylobacter positivity: 30 with campylobacter jejuni and 4 with campylobacter coli. environmental samples (raw milk, udder swabs, and rectal swabs from 12 cows in the suspected herd ... | 2000 | 11041145 |
| a novel action of the proton pump inhibitor rabeprazole and its thioether derivative against the motility of helicobacter pylori. | the motility of helicobacter pylori was maximum at 37 degrees c and at ph 6. a newly developed proton pump inhibitor, rabeprazole (rpz), and its thioether derivative (rpz-th) markedly inhibited the motility of h. pylori. the concentrations of the drug necessary to inhibit 50% of the motility were 0.25, 16, 16, and >64 microgram/ml for rpz-th, rpz, lansoprazole, and omeprazole, respectively. no such inhibitory effects were observed with h(2) blockers or anti-h. pylori agents. the motilities of ca ... | 2000 | 11036024 |
| role of catalase in campylobacter jejuni intracellular survival. | the ability of campylobacter jejuni to penetrate normally nonphagocytic host cells is believed to be a key virulence determinant. recently, kinetics of c. jejuni intracellular survival have been described and indicate that the bacterium can persist and multiply within epithelial cells and macrophages in vitro. studies conducted by pesci et al. indicate that superoxide dismutase contributes to intraepithelial cell survival, as isogenic sod mutants are 12-fold more sensitive to intracellular killi ... | 2000 | 11035743 |
| detection and characterization of autoagglutination activity by campylobacter jejuni. | in several gram-negative bacterial pathogens, autoagglutination (aag) activity is a marker for interaction with host cells and virulence. campylobacter jejuni strains also show aag, but this property varies considerably among strains. to examine the characteristics of c. jejuni aag, we developed a quantitative in vitro assay. for strain 81-176, which shows high aag, activity was optimal for cells grown for < or = 24 h, was independent of growth temperature, and was best measured for cells suspen ... | 2000 | 11035721 |
| multiplex pcr: optimization and application in diagnostic virology. | pcr has revolutionized the field of infectious disease diagnosis. to overcome the inherent disadvantage of cost and to improve the diagnostic capacity of the test, multiplex pcr, a variant of the test in which more than one target sequence is amplified using more than one pair of primers, has been developed. multiplex pcrs to detect viral, bacterial, and/or other infectious agents in one reaction tube have been described. early studies highlighted the obstacles that can jeopardize the production ... | 2000 | 11023957 |
| evaluation of the alexon-trend prospect campylobacter microplate assay. | we evaluated stool specimens known to contain or be free of campylobacter by traditional culture, using the prospect campylobacter microplate assay (alexon-trend, ramsey, minn.). this rapid enzyme immunoassay for the detection of campylobacter-specific antigens demonstrated 96% sensitivity and 99% specificity and is an acceptable alternative method of campylobacter detection. | 2000 | 11015419 |
| evaluation of phenotypic and genotypic methods for subtyping campylobacter jejuni isolates from humans, poultry, and cattle. | six methods for subtyping of campylobacter jejuni were compared and evaluated with a collection of 90 isolates from poultry, cattle, and sporadic human clinical cases as well as from a waterborne outbreak. the applied methods were penner heat-stable serotyping; automated ribotyping (riboprinting); random amplified polymorphic dna typing (rapd); pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge); restriction fragment length polymorphisms of the flagellin gene, flaa (fla-rflp); and denaturing gradient gel el ... | 2000 | 11015406 |
| evaluation of a pcr primer based on the isocitrate dehydrogenase gene for detection of helicobacter pylori in feces. | in order to improve detection and identification of helicobacter pylori in highly contaminated samples, we evaluated new specific primers based on the dna base sequence within the isocitrate dehydrogenase (icd) gene to amplify a 1,200-bp dna segment. the specificity of the icd primer was tested against dna derived from various bacteria, including 7 helicobacter species and a panel of 1 gram-variable, 2 gram-positive, and 16 gram-negative bacteria, as well as dna from houseflies and feces from h. ... | 2000 | 11015397 |
| antibodies, directed towards campylobacter jejuni antigens, in sera from poultry abattoir workers. | occupational exposure of susceptible humans to campylobacter jejuni appears to result in resistance to disease. this is believed to be due to acquired protective immunity. to support this hypothesis the levels of c. jejuni-specific igg and igm antibodies were determined in sera from poultry abattoir workers. such individuals are persistently exposed to c. jejuni, but apparently rarely acquire campylobacteriosis. sera from 43 short-term workers (employed < or = 1 month), 78 long-term workers and ... | 2000 | 11012618 |
| characterization and expression of hmur, a tonb-dependent hemoglobin receptor of porphyromonas gingivalis. | the gram-negative pathogen porphyromonas gingivalis requires hemin for growth. hemoglobin bound to haptoglobin and hemin complexed to hemopexin can be used as heme sources, indicating that p. gingivalis must have a means to remove the hemin from these host iron-binding proteins. however, the specific mechanisms utilized by p. gingivalis for the extraction of heme from heme-binding proteins and for iron transport are poorly understood. in this study we have determined that a newly identified tonb ... | 2000 | 11004172 |
| sequence polymorphism, predicted secondary structures, and surface-exposed conformational epitopes of campylobacter major outer membrane protein. | the major outer membrane protein (momp), a putative porin and a multifunction surface protein of campylobacter jejuni, may play an important role in the adaptation of the organism to various host environments. to begin to dissect the biological functions and antigenic features of this protein, the gene (designated cmp) encoding momp was identified and characterized from 22 strains of c. jejuni and one strain of c. coli. it was shown that the single-copy cmp locus encoded a protein with character ... | 2000 | 10992471 |
| susceptibility to secondary bacterial infections in growing pigs as an early response in ochratoxicosis. | mycotoxic nephropathy was induced in twelve 14 kg pigs fed a dietary component, moulded by aspergillus ochraceus and contributing ochratoxin a at 1 or 3 ppm for up to 3 weeks. concurrently, salmonellosis arose spontaneously in all six animals treated at 3 ppm and all died between days 15 and 17. two of the six pigs in the 1 ppm group died similarly but the rest, and all of six control animals, were unaffected. clinical biochemistry and histology revealed changes typical of renal ochratoxicosis i ... | 2000 | 10987179 |
| characterization of gyra mutations associated with fluoroquinolone resistance in campylobacter coli by dna sequence analysis and mama pcr. | increasing numbers of fluoroquinolone-resistant campylobacter coli isolates received at the minnesota state public health laboratory and at the centers for disease control and prevention have been a cause for concern. the gyra quinolone resistance-determining regions of several fluoroquinolone-resistant isolates were sequenced to examine the mechanism of resistance. ciprofloxacin-resistant c. coli isolates examined by dna sequencing had a thr-86 to ile (act-->att) gyra mutation, leading to resis ... | 2000 | 10981681 |
| efficient isolation of campylobacteria from stools. | 2000 | 10979752 | |
| differentiation of clinical helicobacter pullorum isolates from related helicobacter and campylobacter species. | helicobacter pullorum, first detected in the liver and intestinal contents of poultry, was defined as a new species in 1994. this organism has since been isolated from humans with gastroenteritis. phenotypic as well as genotypic methods have been used to identify h. pullorum associated with cases of human disease. | 2000 | 10971678 |
| automated 5' nuclease pcr assay for identification of salmonella enterica. | a simple and ready-to-go test based on a 5' nuclease (taqman) pcr technique was developed for identification of presumptive salmonella enterica isolates. the results were compared with those of conventional methods. the taqman assay was evaluated for its ability to accurately detect 210 s. enterica isolates, including 100 problematic "rough" isolates. an internal positive control was designed to use the same salmonella primers for amplification of a spiked nonrelevant template (116 bp) in the sa ... | 2000 | 10970396 |
| comparative fingerprinting analysis of campylobacter jejuni subsp. jejuni strains by amplified-fragment length polymorphism genotyping. | amplified-fragment length polymorphism (aflp) analysis with the endonucleases bglii and mfei was used to genotype 91 campylobacter jejuni subsp. jejuni strains from outbreaks and sporadic cases. aflp-generated fragments were labeled with fluorescent dye and separated by capillary electrophoresis. the software packages genescan and gelcompar ii were used to calculate aflp pattern similarities and to investigate phylogenetic relationships among the genotyped strains. the aflp method was compared w ... | 2000 | 10970387 |
| phenotypic and genotypic diversity of the flagellin gene (flic) among clostridium difficile isolates from different serogroups. | phenotypic and genotypic diversity of the flagellin gene (flic) of clostridium difficile was studied in 47 isolates from various origins belonging to the serogroups a, b, c, d, f, g, h, i, k, x, and s3. electron microscopy revealed 17 nonflagellated strains and 30 flagellated strains. pcr and reverse transcription-pcr demonstrated that the flagellin gene was present in all strains and that the flic gene was expressed in both flagellated and nonflagellated strains. southern blotting showed the pr ... | 2000 | 10970353 |
| quantitative immunocapture pcr assay for detection of campylobacter jejuni in foods. | the rapid detection of food-borne bacterial pathogens as part of a quality control program is necessary for the maintenance of a safe food supply. in this report, we present our findings for an immunocapture pcr method for the detection of campylobacter jejuni in foods. the method permits direct detection of the pathogen without an enrichment step and can be performed in approximately 8 h. assay results are quantitative, and one cell in a milliliter sample can be detected. application of the met ... | 2000 | 10966437 |
| application of the 5'-nuclease pcr assay in evaluation and development of methods for quantitative detection of campylobacter jejuni. | campylobacter jejuni is recognized as a leading human food-borne pathogen. traditional diagnostic testing for c. jejuni is not reliable due to special growth requirements and the possibility that this bacterium can enter a viable but nonculturable state. nucleic acid-based tests have emerged as a useful alternative to traditional enrichment testing. in this article, we present a 5'-nuclease pcr assay for quantitative detection of c. jejuni and describe its evaluation. a probe including positions ... | 2000 | 10966425 |
| amplified fragment length polymorphism analysis of campylobacter jejuni strains isolated from chickens and from patients with gastroenteritis or guillain-barré or miller fisher syndrome. | the high-resolution genotyping method of amplified fragment length polymorphism (aflp) analysis was used to study the genetic relationships between campylobacter jejuni strains infecting chickens (n = 54) and those causing gastroenteritis in humans (n = 53). in addition, c. jejuni strains associated with the development of guillain-barré syndrome (gbs) (n = 14) and miller fisher syndrome (mfs) (n = 4), two related acute paralytic syndromes in human, were included. strains were isolated between 1 ... | 2000 | 10966409 |
| development of a fluorogenic 5' nuclease pcr assay for detection of the ail gene of pathogenic yersinia enterocolitica. | in this report we describe the development and evaluation of a fluorogenic pcr assay for the detection of pathogenic yersinia enterocolitica. the assay targets the chromosomally encoded attachment and invasion gene, ail. three primer-probe sets (tm1, tm2, and tm3) amplifying different, yet overlapping, regions of ail were examined for their specificity and sensitivity. all three primer-probe sets were able to detect between 0.25 and 0.5 pg of purified y. enterocolitica dna. tm1 identified all 26 ... | 2000 | 10966386 |
| rapid detection of campylobacter jejuni in stool specimens by an enzyme immunoassay and surveillance for campylobacter upsaliensis in the greater salt lake city area. | the alexon-trend, inc. (ramsey, minn.), prospect campylobacter microplate assay was compared with culture on a campy-cva plate (remel, lenexa, kans.) and blood-free campylobacter agar with cefoperazone (20 microg/ml), amphotericin b (10 microg/ml), and teicoplanin (4 microg/ml) (cat medium; oxoid limited, hampshire, england) with 631 patient stool samples. the cat medium was used to isolate campylobacter upsaliensis. the enzyme immunoassay (eia) had a sensitivity and a specificity of 89 and 99%, ... | 2000 | 10921981 |
| switching of flagellar motility in helicobacter pylori by reversible length variation of a short homopolymeric sequence repeat in flip, a gene encoding a basal body protein. | the genome of helicobacter pylori contains numerous simple nucleotide repeats that have been proposed to have regulatory functions and to compensate for the conspicuous dearth of master regulatory pathways in this highly host-adapted bacterium. h. pylori strain 26695, whose genomic sequence was determined by the institute for genomic research (tigr), contains a repeat of nine cytidines in the flip flagellar basal body gene that splits the open reading frame in two parts. in this work, we demonst ... | 2000 | 10899861 |
| involvement of a plasmid in virulence of campylobacter jejuni 81-176. | campylobacter jejuni strain 81-176 contains two, previously undescribed plasmids, each of which is approximately 35 kb in size. although one of the plasmids, termed ptet, carries a teto gene, conjugative transfer of tetracycline resistance to another strain of c. jejuni could not be demonstrated. partial sequence analysis of the second plasmid, pvir, revealed the presence of four open reading frames which encode proteins with significant sequence similarity to helicobacter pylori proteins, inclu ... | 2000 | 10899834 |
| antibody to heat shock protein can be used for early serological monitoring of helicobacter pylori eradication treatment. | infection with helicobacter pylori induces humoral immune responses against various antigens of the bacterium. heat shock proteins (hsps) are immunodominant antigens in various diseases including h. pylori infection. in the present study, we measured the anti-hsp antibody titers in 42 patients with h. pylori-infected peptic ulcers during a bacterial eradication study. the patients were treated with a proton pump inhibitor and antimicrobial agents to eradicate the organism. their sera were obtain ... | 2000 | 10882654 |
| slaughter pigs are commonly infected by closely related but distinct gastric ulcerative lesion-inducing gastrospirilla. | an association between (unculturable) gastrospirillum-like organisms (glo) and ulcerative lesions in the pars oesophagea in stomachs of swine has been claimed. in dogs glo detected by microscopy may represent several helicobacter species or subspecies. therefore we investigated which helicobacter spp. are present in stomachs of swine and their possible association with ulcerative lesions of the pars oesophagea. the presence of helicobacter spp. in the antrum and pars oesophagea in 122 stomachs o ... | 2000 | 10878060 |
| helicobacter canadensis sp. nov. isolated from humans with diarrhea as an example of an emerging pathogen. | we recently analyzed 11 helicobacter isolates cultured from diarrhea patients in canada. these isolates had been characterized biochemically by restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp; alui, hhai) analysis and by fatty-acid analysis as helicobacter pullorum. however, four of the isolates differed biochemically from h. pullorum by their inability to hydrolyze indoxyl acetate and their resistance to nalidixic acid. using complete 16s rrna analysis, we determined that these four strains clus ... | 2000 | 10878041 |
| roles of fe superoxide dismutase and catalase in resistance of campylobacter coli to freeze-thaw stress. | we demonstrated that oxidative stress plays a role in freeze-thaw-induced killing of campylobacter coli following analysis of mutants deficient in key antioxidant functions. superoxide anions, but not h(2)o(2), were formed during the freeze-thaw process. however, a failure to detoxify superoxide anions may lead to spontaneous disproportionation of the radicals to h(2)o(2). | 2000 | 10877815 |
| [campylobacter coli-related meningitis in an adult male]. | 2000 | 10846879 | |
| molecular characterization of campylobacter jejuni from patients with guillain-barré and miller fisher syndromes. | campylobacter jejuni has been identified as the predominant cause of antecedent infection in guillain-barré syndrome (gbs) and miller fisher syndrome (mfs). the risk of developing gbs or mfs may be higher after infection with specific c. jejuni types. to investigate the putative clonality, 18 gbs- or mfs-related c. jejuni strains from the netherlands and belgium and 17 control strains were analyzed by serotyping (penner and lior), restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of pcr products ... | 2000 | 10834992 |
| intercellular communication in helicobacter pylori: luxs is essential for the production of an extracellular signaling molecule. | individual bacteria of numerous species can communicate and coordinate their actions via the production, release, and detection of extracellular signaling molecules. in this study, we used the vibrio harveyi luminescence bioassay to determine whether helicobacter pylori produces such a factor. cell-free conditioned media from h. pylori strains 60190 and 26695 each induced >100-fold-greater luminescence in v. harveyi than did sterile culture medium. the h. pylori signaling molecule had a molecula ... | 2000 | 10816463 |
| computer-assisted analysis and epidemiological value of genotyping methods for campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli. | for epidemiological tracing of the thermotolerant campylobacter species c. jejuni and c. coli, reliable and highly discriminatory typing techniques are necessary. in this study the genotyping techniques of flagellin typing (flaa typing), pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge), automated ribotyping, and amplified fragment length polymorphism (aflp) fingerprinting were compared. the following aspects were compared: computer-assisted analysis, discriminatory power, and use for epidemiological typi ... | 2000 | 10790125 |
| helicobacter mesocricetorum sp. nov., a novel helicobacter isolated from the feces of syrian hamsters. | a spiral-shaped bacterium with bipolar, single, nonsheathed flagella was isolated from the feces of syrian hamsters. the bacterium grew as a thin spreading film at 37 degrees c under microaerobic conditions, did not hydrolyze urea, was positive for catalase and alkaline phosphatase, reduced nitrate to nitrite, did not hydrolyze hippurate, and was sensitive to nalidixic acid but resistant to cephalothin. sequence analysis of the 16s rrna gene and biochemical and phenotypic criteria indicate that ... | 2000 | 10790105 |
| fecal shedding of campylobacter and arcobacter spp. in dairy cattle. | campylobacter jejuni, campylobacter coli, and arcobacter spp. were detected in feces of healthy dairy cows by highly specific multiplex-pcr assays. for c. jejuni, at this one-time sampling, cows from 80.6% of farm operations (n = 31) and 37.7% of individual dairy cattle fecal samples (n = 2,085) were positive. farm management factors were correlated with prevalence in herds in which >25% of cows were positive for c. jejuni. statistical significance was set at a p of 0.20. using these criteria, a ... | 2000 | 10788372 |
| immobilization with metal hydroxides as a means to concentrate food-borne bacteria for detection by cultural and molecular methods. | the application of nucleic acid amplification methods to the detection of food-borne pathogens could be facilitated by concentrating the organisms from the food matrix before detection. this study evaluated the utility of metal hydroxide immobilization for the concentration of bacterial cells from dairy foods prior to detection by cultural and molecular methods. using reconstituted nonfat dry milk (nfdm) as a model, two food-borne pathogens (listeria monocytogenes and salmonella enterica serovar ... | 2000 | 10788338 |