Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| serologic evidence of infection with ehrlichia spp. in wild rodents (muridae: sigmodontinae) in the united states. | rodent (muridae: sigmodontinae) blood and sera collected from 14 states were tested for seroreactivity to a cultured isolate of the human granulocytic ehrlichiosis (hge) agent by using an indirect immunofluorescence assay. of the 1,240 samples tested, 136 (11%) were found to be reactive at titers of > or = 32. rodents with hge agent-specific antibodies were found in new york (23% of 491 samples; geometric mean endpoint titer [gmt] = 441), connecticut (11% of 100 samples; gmt = 481), california ( ... | 1998 | 9508298 |
| epidemiology and control of egg-associated salmonella enteritidis in the united states of america. | the isolation rate for salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis (se) in humans in the united states of america (usa) increased from 1,207 sporadic isolates identified in 1976 (0.6 isolates/100,000 population) to 10,201 identified in 1995 (4.0/100,000 population). the proportion of reported salmonella isolates which were se increased from 5% to 25% during the same time period. in 1990, 1994, and 1995, se was the most commonly reported reported salmonella serotype in the usa. much of this increase ... | 1997 | 9501367 |
| association of methamphetamine use during sex with risky sexual behaviors and hiv infection among non-injection drug users. | morbidity, mortality, and drug treatment data suggest that methamphetamine use is on the rise. based on research findings of the sexual behaviors of methamphetamine-using injection drug users, we chose to examine the relationship between methamphetamine use during sex and risky sexual behaviors and human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) seropositivity among clients of publicly funded hiv testing sites in california who reported never injecting drugs. we found that among gay, bisexual, and heterosexu ... | 1998 | 9499742 |
| clonal distribution of the three alleles of the gal(alpha1-4)gal-specific adhesin gene papg among escherichia coli strains from patients with bacteremia. | the three alleles of papg, the gal(alpha1-4)gal-specific adhesin gene of escherichia coli p fimbriae, were detected in 101 (54%) of 187 e. coli bacteremia isolates from boston, long beach, california, and nairobi, kenya, by a polymerase chain reaction-based assay, and their distribution was compared with clonal structure and other bacterial and host characteristics. allele ii predominated overall (57% of papg+ strains, vs. 32% for iii and 2% for i). allele distribution differed significantly bet ... | 1998 | 9498444 |
| dibromochloropropane: epidemiological findings and current questions. | dibromochloropropane, dbcp, has had a seminal role in our current understanding of how to prevent chemical risks to health. early toxicological studies showed its special impact on the testes, and detection of its mutagenic potency was soon followed by demonstration of its carcinogenicity to animals. its commercial use as a useful nematocide ignored, at first, these warnings from the laboratory. when production workers, first in california and then in israel, found they were sterile as a result ... | 1997 | 9472348 |
| doctoring: university of california, los angeles. | the doctoring curriculum at the university of california, los angeles, ucla school of medicine covers all four years of medical school. its goal is to train physicians to give care that is compassionate, humanistic, high-quality, and evidence-based through a longitudinal, interdisciplinary curriculum with integration of learning experiences within and between years and with more emphasis on certain topics that had been previously neglected (e.g., advanced physical diagnosis, nutrition, public he ... | 1998 | 9447199 |
| go-ahead given for trials of hiv vaccine in human volunteers. | 1998 | 9440678 | |
| virtual reality: teaching tool of the twenty-first century? | virtual reality (vr) is gaining recognition for its enormous educational potential. while not yet in the mainstream of academic medical training, many prototype and first-generation vr applications are emerging, with target audiences ranging from first- and second-year medical students to residents in advanced clinical training. visualization tools that take advantage of vr technologies are being designed to provide engaging and intuitive environments for learning visually and spatially complex ... | 1997 | 9435714 |
| prevalence of antibodies to western equine encephalomyelitis and st. louis encephalitis viruses in residents of california exposed to sporadic and consistent enzootic transmission. | sera from outpatients attending county health department clinics in areas of california with consistent (imperial valley) and sporadic (sacramento valley) enzootic transmission of western equine encephalomyelitis (wee) and st. louis encephalitis (sle) viruses exhibited neutralizing antibody prevalence rates of 1.3% (n = 690) and 0.5% (n = 1,066) for wee and 11.0% and 0.8% for sle, respectively. seroprevalence for sle virus in imperial county increased as a function of both age and years of resid ... | 1997 | 9392590 |
| are htlv-ii-seropositive injection drug users at increased risk of bacterial pneumonia, abscess, and lymphadenopathy? | disease associations of htlv-ii are poorly defined, despite a high seroprevalence among injection drug users (idu). one hundred twenty-four htlv-ii-seropositive emergency room and clinic patients were matched by age, sex, and clinic to 120 htlv-i/ii-seronegative patients. medical records were reviewed blinded to htlv-ii status, and international classification of disease 9th clinical modification (icd-9cm)-coded diagnoses were compared between seropositive patients and controls. after adjustment ... | 1997 | 9390568 |
| projecting corporate health plan utilization and charges from annual icd-9-cm diagnostic rates: a value-added opportunity for pathologists. | to develop an allocation method for corporate health plan resources and expenditures based on annual international classification of disease, 9th revision, clinical modification (icd-9-cm) diagnostic rate stratification as a surrogate for disease incidence. | 1997 | 9372747 |
| contribution of birth defects and genetic diseases to pediatric hospitalizations. a population-based study. | to estimate the contribution of birth defects and genetic diseases to pediatric hospitalizations by use of population-based data. | 1997 | 9369870 |
| sleepiness and human behavior. | the 24-hour properties of sleepiness affect behavior by reducing performance and increasing the likelihood of accidents. this is important to pulmonary physicians who diagnose and treat sleep apnea, because diagnoses of sleep apnea and narcolepsy are associated with as much as a sevenfold increase in the risk of having a motor vehicle accident. human abilities throughout the 24-hour day have noticeable ups and downs and are probably causally linked to the same control mechanisms that produce the ... | 1996 | 9363190 |
| spatial analysis of the distribution of lacrosse encephalitis in illinois, using a geographic information system and local and global spatial statistics. | the spatial and temporal distribution of lacrosse encephalitis cases in illinois was analyzed using a geographic information system (gis) and spatial statistics. case data were obtained from the illinois department of public health and mapped on the county, town, and address level. human cases were concentrated in and around the city of peoria in central illinois. local spatial statistics were used to identify hot spots where cases appear to be concentrated in the peoria region. several small to ... | 1997 | 9347966 |
| role of viral load in heterosexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 by blood transfusion recipients. transfusion safety study group. | eighteen transfusion recipients infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) were followed prospectively with their 19 long-term sexual partners from 1986 to 1993 in california, florida, and new york. follow-up included clinical, behavioral, immunologic, serologic, and virologic evaluations. two partners were already infected when seen 18 and 34 months after sexual contact began following the infectious transfusion. four of 17 initially seronegative partners seroconverted during 23 ... | 1997 | 9345119 |
| chromosome 19 single-locus and multilocus haplotype associations with multiple sclerosis. evidence of a new susceptibility locus in caucasian and chinese patients. | susceptibility to multiple sclerosis (ms) involves a genetically complex autoimmune component. however, except for genes in the hla system, specific susceptibility loci are unknown or unconfirmed. | 1997 | 9333267 |
| genetic similarity among mycobacterium avium isolates from blood, stool, and sputum of persons with aids. | large-restriction-fragment pattern comparison of mycobacterium avium from 85 blood, stool, and respiratory specimens from 25 human immunodeficiency virus-infected san francisco patients revealed 4 strains that infected multiple people (3 groups of 2 patients and 1 group of 3 patients). most patients harbored a single m. avium strain, but 2 strains were recovered from 8 patients. the significance of recovering 2 strains is not clear, since the second strain was seldom recovered more than once. th ... | 1997 | 9333156 |
| the quality of well-being scale in asymptomatic hiv-infected patients. hnrc group. hiv neural behavioral research center. | we review applications of the quality of well-being (qwb) scale for use in studies of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected patients. the qwb scale is a preference-weighted decision theory-based measure that summarizes outcomes in terms of quality-adjusted life years (qalys). in order to validate the qwb scale for hiv-infected patients, the measure was administered in the university of california, san diego (ucsd) hiv neural behavioral research center (hnrc). data are presented for a cohor ... | 1997 | 9330551 |
| assessment of quality of life in early stage hiv-infected persons: data from the aids time-oriented health outcome study (athos). | the development of new pharmaceutical interventions for persons with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection has resulted in extended survival and a need for valid, reliable and responsive instruments to assess health-related qol (hrqol). this paper reviews the reliability and validity of an hrqol instrument, the aids health assessment questionnaire (aids-haq), among persons participating in an observational database of hiv infection. the aids-haq includes nine subscales: disability, energy ... | 1997 | 9330550 |
| sexual risk behavior and risk factors for hiv-1 seroconversion in homosexual men participating in the tricontinental seroconverter study, 1982-1994. | trends in sexual behavior associated with incident infection with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) type 1 are described and a case-control study was conducted to examine risk factors for hiv seroconversion in homosexual men who became infected with hiv between 1982 and 1994 from four geographic sites: amsterdam, the netherlands; san francisco, california; vancouver, canada; and sydney, australia. changes in sexual behaviors were evaluated from cohort visits in the preseroconversion, seroconver ... | 1997 | 9326430 |
| the mediterranean diet: a view from history. | although the virtues of the mediterranean diet have been advocated since the renaissance, adoption of the diet outside the mediterranean region has proved difficult but not impossible. efforts at promoting dietary change have been explored in the writings of europeans and americans since 1614 when giacomo castelvetro, an exile from modena, italy, published a book in england on italian fruit, herbs, and vegetables. the historical causes of resistance by groups and individuals-culture, class, sex, ... | 1997 | 9322586 |
| mouse and baby chicken virulence of enzootic strains of western equine encephalomyelitis virus from california. | eight enzootic strains of western equine encephalomyelitis (wee) virus isolated from culex tarsalis or aedes melanimon collected in several geographic areas of california were evaluated for their virulence in suckling mice, adult mice, and one-day-old baby chickens. the epidemic fleming strain and the cloned b628(cl 15) variant were used as virulent and avirulent control viruses, respectively, in adult mice. enzootic strains of wee virus were grouped into three phenotypes on the basis of their n ... | 1997 | 9288823 |
| flea-borne rickettsioses: ecologic considerations. | ecologic and economic factors, as well as changes in human behavior, have resulted in the emergence of new and the reemergence of existing but forgotten infectious diseases during the past 20 years. flea-borne disease organisms (e.g., yersinia pestis, rickettsia typhi, r. felis, and bartonella henselae) are widely distributed throughout the world in endemic-disease foci, where components of the enzootic cycle are present. however, flea-borne diseases could reemerge in epidemic form because of ch ... | 1997 | 9284376 |
| proceedings of the national cooperative growth study 10th annual investigators meeting. san francisco, california, october 17-20, 1996. dedicated to the memory of dr. michael j. cronin. | 1997 | 9280780 | |
| maternal proximity and infant co2 environment during bedsharing and possible implications for sids research. | sudden infant death syndrome (sids) is the leading cause of human infant mortality after the neonatal period in western countries. recently, child care practices have been shown to be important in determining infant vulnerability to sids. however, very little is known about the impact of parent-infant cosleeping on infant sleep physiology and behavior and sids risk. this reflects the failure of western societal research paradigms to appreciate the human infant's evolutionary history of cosleepin ... | 1997 | 9261495 |
| temporal trends and factors associated with survival after pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in california, 1983-1992. | the authors investigated quarterly trends in survival after the diagnosis of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia for 19,607 patients in california in the decade from january 1, 1983, through december 31, 1992. subjects included all cases for whom p. carinii pneumonia was the initial (and only) acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids)-defining diagnosis as reported to the california human immunodeficiency virus/aids surveillance registry. there was a period of rapidly improving survival from approxim ... | 1997 | 9230773 |
| ehrlichia phagocytophila genogroup rickettsiae in ixodid ticks from california collected in 1995 and 1996. | a total of 1,246 ixodid ticks collected in 1995 and 1996 from seven california counties were examined for the presence of ehrlichia phagocytophila genogroup rickettsiae by using a nested pcr technique. of 1,112 adult ixodes pacificus cooley and kohls ticks tested, nine pools, each containing five ticks, were positive (minimum percentage of ticks harboring detectable ehrlichiae, 0.8%). positive ticks were limited to four of the seven counties (sonoma, el dorado, santa cruz, and orange). in santa ... | 1997 | 9230373 |
| an overview of plague in the united states and a report of investigations of two human cases in kern county, california, 1995. | plague was confirmed in the united states from nine western states during 1995. evidence of yersinia pestis infection was identified in 28 species of wild or domestic mammals. thirteen of the plague positive species were wild rodents; 15 were predators/carnivores. yersinia pestis was isolated from eight species of fleas. seven confirmed cases of human plague were reported in 1995 (new mexico 3; california 2; arizona and oregon 1 each). five of the seven cases were bubonic; one was septicemic and ... | 1997 | 9221742 |
| seroepidemiologic studies of hantavirus infection among wild rodents in california. | a total of 4,626 mammals were serologically tested for antibodies to sin nombre virus. all nonrodent species were antibody negative. among wild rodents, antibody prevalence was 8.5% in murids, 1.4% in heteromyids, and < 0.1% in sciurids. of 1,921 peromyscus maniculatus (deer mice), 226 (11.8%) were antibody positive, including one collected in 1975. the highest antibody prevalence (71.4% of 35) was found among p. maniculatus on santa cruz island, off the southern california coast. prevalence of ... | 1997 | 9204301 |
| outbreaks of cyclosporiasis--united states, 1997. | in april and may 1997, cdc received reports of seven event-associated clusters of cases of cyclosporiasis from five states (california, florida, nevada, new york, and texas). approximately 80 cases of infection with human-associated cyclospora, a recently characterized coccidian parasite have been laboratory-confirmed. state and local health departments, cdc, and the food and drug administration are conducting investigations to identify the vehicles of infection. | 1997 | 9182207 |
| chinaberry poisoning in two dogs. | two young dogs became acutely ill following ingestion of fallen fruit from a chinaberry tree (melia azedarach). clinical signs of poisoning developed within hours and were characteristic of gastrointestinal and cns disturbances. despite prompt and aggressive emergency treatment, neither dog survived longer than 36 hours after the onset of clinical signs of poisoning. necropsy of 1 dog revealed severe renal congestion, moderate hepatic congestion, and a moderate amount of serosanguineous fluid in ... | 1997 | 9170094 |
| a risk profile of street youth in northern california: implications for gender-specific human immunodeficiency virus prevention. | to assess human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) risk behaviors of street youth and to determine whether risk behaviors differ by gender or housing status. | 1997 | 9168381 |
| experimental evaluation of rodent exclusion methods to reduce hantavirus transmission to humans in rural housing. | an experimental assessment of methods to reduce rodent infestations in rural housing was conducted in yosemite national park, california, sequoia/kings canyon national parks, california, and shenandoah national park, virginia. during pretreatment surveys, nearly all (63 of 68) selected units had past or ongoing rodent activity inside. active infestations were found in 58.8% of the units. peromyscus spp. represented 91.2% of all animals caught inside housing units. despite little harborage, roden ... | 1997 | 9158040 |
| parvovirus b19-antibody serosurvey in 500 developmentally disabled subjects. | sera of 500 residents were screened for parvovirus b19 immunoglobulin m (igm) and immunoglobulin g (igg) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. positive igm and equivocal igg or igm results were confirmed by immunofluorescent antibody and western blot. igm was detected in 13 sera (2.6%), and igg was detected in 285 (57%). records of igm-positive residents contained no evidence of erythema infectiosum or polyarthropathy. | 1997 | 9154477 |
| california proposition 215 and arizona health proposition 200 challenged. | 1997 | 9150672 | |
| meat preparation and colorectal adenomas in a large sigmoidoscopy-based case-control study in california (united states). | the often observed association between red meat and colorectal cancer could be due in part to mutagens, such as heterocyclic amines (hca), that are present in cooked meat. hcas are highly mutagenic and cause intestinal tumors in animals. the hypothesis that hcas are also carcinogenic to humans remains to be substantiated in epidemiologic studies. we determined the associations of meat preparation and frequency of intake (proxy variables for hca exposure, since hca concentration depends on the ty ... | 1997 | 9134241 |
| dose-response associations of silica with nonmalignant respiratory disease and lung cancer mortality in the diatomaceous earth industry. | the potential carcinogenicity of crystalline silica to humans remains a controversial issue. the authors conducted an historical cohort mortality study of 2,342 male workers exposed to crystalline silica, predominantly cristobalite, in a diatomaceous earth mining and processing facility in california. during the years 1942-1994, mortality excesses were detected for nonmalignant respiratory diseases (nmrd) (standardized mortality ratio = 2.01, 95% confidence interval (ci) 1.56-2.55) and lung canc ... | 1997 | 9125994 |
| association between vogt-koyanagi-harada syndrome and hla-dr1 and -dr4 in hispanic patients living in southern california. | vogt-koyanagi-harada (vkh) syndrome is associated with human leukocyte antigen (hla)-b54, -dr4, -dr beta 1*0405, -dq4, and -dr53 in japanese patients. disease-associated hla specificities may differ among races. this study examined hla associations with vkh syndrome in hispanic patients living in southern california, a racial subgroup at increased risk for the disease. | 1995 | 9121744 |
| a descriptive survey of pediatric human immunodeficiency virus-infected long-term survivors. | to identify the population of human immunodeficiency virus-infected pediatric long- term survivors (lts) followed in major medical institutions in california, florida and new jersey. | 1997 | 9099779 |
| does prior infection with varicella-zoster virus influence risk of adult glioma? | to evaluate a possible association between varicella-zoster virus infection and glioma, the authors asked adults with glioma (n = 462) whose tumors were diagnosed between august 1, 1991, and march 31, 1994, and age-, sex-, and ethnicity-matched controls (n = 443) about their histories of chickenpox or shingles. cases were significantly less likely than controls to report a history of either chickenpox (odds ratio = 0.4, 95% confidence interval (ci) 0.3-0.6) or shingles (odds ratio = 0.5, 95% ci ... | 1997 | 9098175 |
| the prevalence of shedding of cryptosporidium and giardia spp. based on a single fecal sample collection from each of 91 horses used for backcountry recreation. | cryptosporidium parvum and giardia duodenalis are now recognized as primary enteric pathogens in animals and humans. regulatory agencies, such as the environmental protection agency are under increasing pressure to reduce the concentration of these protozoa in surface waters. given the popularity of recreational riding of horses on public land in california backcountry, concerns have been raised by various regulatory agencies as to whether horses used for backcountry recreation are a significant ... | 1997 | 9087926 |
| modeling the effects of water usage and co-behavior on inhalation exposures to contaminants volatilized from household water. | the volatilization of volatile organic chemicals during domestic water usage can result in significant indoor air concentrations, and the subsequent inhalation of these contaminants is an important route of exposure. the magnitude of these exposures is highly dependent on the activities undertaken by the exposed individual, as well as the activities of other occupants of the home. the indoor air quality-exposure model for the analysis of volatiles and residential indoor air quality (marviq) was ... | 1996 | 9087861 |
| dento-ergonomics: the key to energy-saving performance. | the application of ergonomics to dentistry, or dento-ergonomics, can increase efficiency and prevent injury. among the factors that need to be considered are the height and reach of staff members, the equipment being used and the distribution of tasks. by implementing the theories of ergonomics, dental care providers can prolong their interest and commitment to dentistry by making difficult or even painful tasks less stressful. | 1996 | 9063204 |
| recognizing and reporting child abuse. | studies have shown that up to two-thirds of child abuse injuries are inflicted on the head and neck region. licensed dental providers are required by state law to report any cases of suspected child abuse or neglect. therefore, it is important that the dental team learn the signs of child abuse and the simple mechanics of reporting suspected abuse. this article details some of these signs and how to document and report them. | 1996 | 9052021 |
| a socioeconomic assessment of human exposure to ozone in the south coast air basin of california. | the purpose of this study is to assess by age, race, ethnicity, and income the effects of air pollution control measures and population growth on human exposure to ozone in the south coast air basin of california (socab). a methodology to study human exposure to air pollutants from a socioeconomic perspective has been developed. specifically, the regional human exposure model (rehex-ii) has been applied to estimate historical (1980-1982) and recent (1990-1992) human exposure to ozone. the model ... | 1996 | 9028177 |
| lung cancer risk in relation to the cyp2c9*1/cyp2c9*2 genetic polymorphism among african-americans and caucasians in los angeles county, california. | cyp2c9 is involved in the metabolism of warfarin and a wide array of other therapeutic agents. it also appears to play a role, along with other cytochrome p450 enzymes, in the metabolism of benzo[a]pyrene, a carcinogen in tobacco smoke. a relatively common allelic variant (termed r144c, cys144 or more recently cyp2c9*2) has been described that results in the substitution of cysteine for arginine at residue 144 and appears to reduce enzyme activity. we therefore examined the possible association ... | 1996 | 9014202 |
| physician-assisted suicide and patients with human immunodeficiency virus disease. | data are limited on the attitudes and practices of physicians regarding assisting the suicide of patients with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) disease. | 1997 | 9010149 |
| highlights from the university of california san diego center for aids research. | 1997 | 9007196 | |
| risk factors for invasive cervical cancer in latino women. | most invasive cervical cancer research in the united states has been conducted on non-latino-white (nlw) and african-american women. incidence, mortality, stage at diagnosis and survival indicators for invasive cervical cancer in latino women in california are compared to nlw and african-american women. a model is presented which depicts structural, behavioral, genetic and biological risk factors for invasive cervical cancer. a literature review of risk factors and their association with invasiv ... | 1996 | 9001995 |
| the oldest man ever? a case study of exceptional longevity. | this article summarizes recent findings in a case study of exceptional longevity. cm, a resident of san rafael, california, was 114 years old in august 1996. he is the first properly verified case of a 114-year-old man in human history (although a few women have been known to live longer). our investigation of cm continues as we attempt to gather additional information about his life, family history, and current condition. here, we consider only two aspects of this case: its authenticity and its ... | 1996 | 8990590 |
| dangerous and cancer-causing properties of products and chemicals in the oil-refining and petrochemical industry--part xxii: health hazards from exposure to gasoline containing methyl tertiary butyl ether: study of new jersey residents. | methyl tertiary butyl ether has caused the following cancers in rats and mice: kidney, testicular, liver, lymphomas, and leukemias. thus, in the absence of adequate data on humans, it is biologically plausible and prudent to regard methyl tertiary butyl ether-for which there is sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity in experimental animals-as a probable human carcinogen. this means that some humans are at extreme risk of contracting cancers resulting from their exposure to oxygenated gasoline co ... | 1996 | 8989842 |
| human babesiosis and ehrlichioses--emerging tick-borne diseases. | 1996 | 8987430 | |
| worldwide variations in sperm counts. | based on the premise that various human disease processes manifest differently depending on geography, we set out to determine whether sperm counts vary from different nations and different regions within the united states. | 1996 | 8973676 |
| latex allergens in tire dust and airborne particles. | the prevalence and severity of latex allergy has increased dramatically in the last 15 years due to exposure to natural rubber products. although historically this health risk has been elevated in hospital personnel and patients, a recent survey has indicated a significant potential risk for the general population. to obtain a wide-spread source for latex exposure, we have considered tire debris. we have searched for the presence of latex allergens in passenger car and truck tire tread, in debri ... | 1996 | 8959407 |
| cancer risk assessment for crystalline silica to implement california's hot spots act. | crystalline silica has been identified as a probable human carcinogen. to assess the potential for adverse health effects due to environmental exposures to respirable crystalline silica, a quantitative estimate of carcinogenicity has been made using incidence data from three studies in which long-term silica inhalation caused lung tumors in rats. the uncertainties in risk assessment in general and in the risk assessment for silica in particular are discussed. | 1995 | 8929703 |
| evaluation of crystalline silica as a threshold carcinogen. | the office of scientific affairs within the california department of toxic substances control has reviewed the evidence on the carcinogenicity of crystalline silica. the authors consider the current evidence to be convincing to classify crystalline silica as a human carcinogen by the inhalation route. the weight of evidence for both rats and humans indicates that fibrotic and silicotic lesions in the lung result from inhalation exposure to crystalline silica and that lung cancer is secondary to ... | 1995 | 8929702 |
| the epidemiology of hodgkin's disease. | much of the epidemiological heterogeneity of hd incidence reflects the behaviour of the ns subtype, at least in the usa. incidence variation across races (except asians) and time periods is most marked in this subtype. in young adults with hd, there is compelling evidence for social class modification of risk consistent with an infectious aetiology; limited data suggest that this effect occurs within the ns subtype, but considerable evidence indicates that it does not primarily involve ebv infec ... | 1996 | 8922237 |
| analysis of diesel-exhaust unit-risk estimates derived from animal bioassays. | chronic inhalation of diesel exhaust (de) causes lung tumors in rats; epidemiologic studies suggest that de may be a potential human carcinogen. we compared the de unit risks for human lung cancer as derived by smith and stayner (1991), hattis and silver (1992), pepelko and chen (1993), california environmental protection agency, office of environmental health hazard assessment (1994), and the u.s. environmental protection agency (usepa) (1994). all five sets of authors used identical rat bioass ... | 1996 | 8921544 |
| dna-confirmed taenia solium cysticercosis in black bears (ursus americanus) from california. | three cases of cysticercosis in black bears (ursus americanus) in three northern california counties between 1990 and 1994 have been identified as due to the tapeworm taenia solium. both morphologic characteristics as well as the presence of t. solium mitochondria cytochrome oxidase i gene sequences, as detected by the polymerase chain reaction, confirmed the diagnosis. the number and geographic separation of the cases suggests that infection of the bears was not due to a single contamination. h ... | 1996 | 8916808 |
| increased incidence of cancer among homosexual men, new york city and san francisco, 1978-1990. | several studies have shown that human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) is associated with an increase in the incidence of kaposi's sarcoma and non-hodgkin's lymphoma among homosexual men. the role of hiv-1 in increasing the incidence of other malignancies is more controversial. the incidence of non-kaposi's sarcoma cancer was examined from 1978 to 1990 among 15,565 homosexual men who participated in studies of hepatitis b virus infection in the late 1970s in new york city, new york, and san ... | 1996 | 8916502 |
| epidemic salmonella enteritidis infection in los angeles county, california. the predominance of phage type 4. | between april and july 1994, 501 cases of salmonella enteritidis infection were reported in los angeles county, california, nearly 5 times the number reported between april and july 1993; of these, 422 (84%) were sporadic (not related to known outbreaks). a case-control study was done to determine risk factors for sporadic illness; the distribution of s enteritidis phage types was evaluated. case-patients (n = 58) were county residents older than 1 year with culture-confirmed s enteritidis infec ... | 1996 | 8909164 |
| it's my body and i'll die if i want to: a property-based argument in support of assisted suicide. | 1995 | 8907111 | |
| california residential air exchange rates and residence volumes. | air exchange rate data from two residential indoor air quality studies are presented. in the first investigation, over 500 residences in southern california were sampled for three one-week periods from 1984 to 1985. those data provided seasonal information for a broad range of residential characteristics in a large metropolitan area. in the second study, a probability sample of nearly 300 residences were sampled for a two-day period during the winter of 1991-1992 throughout the state of californ ... | 1996 | 8889951 |
| human granulocytic ehrlichiosis: report of a case in northern california. | 1996 | 8879806 | |
| california encephalitis in alabama. | arthropod-borne virus (arbovirus) infections in humans are primarily central nervous system infections, but other clinical manifestations include febrile illness and fever with hemorrhagic diathesis. in the genus bunyavirus there are several viruses that cause disease in humans, especially in north america; these include lacrosse, jamestown canyon, trivittatus, and snowshoe hare viruses. the disease seen mainly in children is california encephalitis (usually of the lacrosse subtype); this infect ... | 1996 | 8865793 |
| holoprosencephaly: epidemiologic and clinical characteristics of a california population. | holoprosencephaly is a brain defect resulting from incomplete cleavage of the embryonic forebrain. it involves forebrain and facial malformations that can range from mild to severe. the epidemiology of holoprosencephaly is largely unknown. published prevalence estimates have been derived from clinic-based case series, and suggested risk factors for holoprosencephaly have been identified in case reports, without confirmation from systematically conducted population-based studies. using data from ... | 1996 | 8862623 |
| mast 96. | the military anti-shock trouser, or mast suit, is a controversial device that has been used to support blood pressure in hypotensive trauma patients. most studies on humans have shown that the device has limited clinical utility. in this study, a telephone survey of all 50 state emergency medical services was conducted to determine the nature and extent of mast suit usage in the united states. the trend in mast suit usage in san diego county over the last 7 years was also analyzed. thirty (60%) ... | 2006 | 8842913 |
| youth suicide trends in california: an examination of immigrant and ethnic group risk. | although immigrants are in better health than the u.s.-born population according to a variety of indicators, little research has investigated current foreign-born/u.s.-born differentials in suicide. a review of 32,928 california death certificates from 1970 to 1992 indicates that although foreign-born persons are consistently underrepresented in the suicide deaths of 15- to 34-year-olds (risk ratio = 0.60), any foreign-versus u.s.-born difference by ethnicity appears to be decreasing. specifical ... | 1996 | 8840418 |
| parvovirus b19 outbreak in a developmental center. | of 49 employees serving developmentally disabled persons, 13 (27%) were found to have parvovirus b19 infection on the basis of serum positivity for parvovirus b19 igm by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. two employees had severe peripheral symmetric polyarthropathy lasting longer than 6 months. infection control measures are described. | 1995 | 8821114 |
| the effects of ambient ozone on lung function in children: a reanalysis of six summer camp studies. | studies of children attending summer camps often have observed relationships between daily outdoor ozone (o3) concentrations and decreased lung function that are qualitatively similar to results seen in human chamber studies. the former studies, focusing on the pulmonary effects of o3 and associated pollutants on children under natural conditions of exposure, are potentially of great importance to understanding the public health impact of ambient o3. however, a thorough assessment of the results ... | 1996 | 8820584 |
| nursing grand rounds. | therapeutic touch is an energy-based nursing intervention performed with the goals of restoring harmony and balance in the human energy field and helping the patient self-heal. this article discusses the process of therapeutic touch and describes case studies of ccu patients on whom therapeutic touch was used as part of the treatment plan. therapeutic touch was applied to help stabilize patients, calm agitated and intubated patients, and relieve pain. the experiences related had a calming effect ... | 1996 | 8820319 |
| conferring a federal property right in genetic material: stepping into the future with the genetic privacy act. | 1996 | 8819598 | |
| ethylene oxide exposure may increase the risk of spontaneous abortion, preterm birth, and postterm birth. | ethylene oxide is a gas used in some dental offices to sterilize equipment. in pregnant laboratory animals, ethylene oxide increases malformations and feral loss. increased gestation length has also been reported. in humans, two studies have reported increased spontaneous abortions among ethylene oxide-exposed women, but few other data exist. we sent questionnaires to 7,000 dental assistants, age 18-39 years, registered in california in 1987; 4,856 responded (69%). we based our analysis on 1,320 ... | 1996 | 8793361 |
| risk of human exposure to vector ticks (acari: ixodidae) in a heavily used recreational area in northern california. | the risk of humans encountering vector ticks along hiking trails or in picnic grounds in a lyme disease-endemic area was evaluated in a multipurpose recreational area (tilden regional park) in the populous san francisco bay region of california. four hillside hiking trails (two high-use, two low-use) were sampled by dragging and walking through low vegetation biweekly for one year; four heavily used picnic areas were sampled concurrently by dragging. adults of three human-biting ticks were enume ... | 1996 | 8780455 |
| human immunodeficiency virus disease in california. effects of the 1993 expanded case definition of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | on january 1, 1993, the case definition of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) in adults and adolescents used for monitoring the aids epidemic in california was expanded to include persons infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) with cd4 t-lymphocyte counts of less than 200 x 10(6) per liter (< 200 per mm3), pulmonary tuberculosis, recurrent pneumonia, or invasive cervical cancer. to assess the implications of this revision on aids case reporting in california, we compared ... | 1996 | 8775725 |
| the effect of insurance status on use of recombinant erythropoietin therapy among end-stage renal disease patients in three states. | recombinant human erythropoietin (rhuepo) has been demonstrated to be effective in ameliorating anemia among persons with chronic renal failure, and is associated with improved functional status and quality of life. access to rhuepo has been examined by a variety of clinical, demographic, geographic, and facility characteristics. however, rhuepo utilization based on insurance status has not been previously examined. all medicare and medicaid prevalent end-stage renal disease (esrd) patients rece ... | 1996 | 8768919 |
| a human case of monocytic ehrlichiosis with adult respiratory distress syndrome in northern california. | 1996 | 8764635 | |
| human t-lymphotropic virus type ii seroprevalence among emergency department and clinic patients. | to determine the seroprevalence of human t-lymphotropic virus types i and ii (htlv-i and htlv-ii) among emergency department and clinic patients at a san francisco, california, hospital, consecutive patients from 4 outpatient settings-emergency department, medical clinic, antenatal clinic, and neighborhood health centers-were tested for antibody to 1 of the viruses using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and western blot test. of 4,019 patients, 169 (4.2%) had antibody to htlv-i or -ii; the s ... | 1996 | 8764621 |
| the other side of the coin: growing up with a learning disability. | this study is a narrative analysis of the life history of dale, a 25-year-old man with a learning disability who received sensory integrative treatment in early childhood. the analysis revealed that dale's self likely developed through occupational engagement with three interconnected themes: "my mother said" and "parental tricks"; "adrenaline surges" and "hell-raising"; and work, "deal making," and self-construction. these themes depict dale's self-construction, character development, occupatio ... | 1996 | 8712247 |
| risk factors for hiv-related orofacial soft-tissue manifestations in children. | a retrospective review of the medical records of 492 children perinatally exposed to the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) compared the prevalence of orofacial soft-tissue manifestations in hiv-infected and noninfected children, identified risk factors for occurrence of orofacial lesions in hiv-infected children, and investigated specific orofacial lesions as indicators of progression of hiv disease. application of eligibility criteria and the centers for disease control classification of pedia ... | 1996 | 8710713 |
| unrecognized hiv-1 infection in inner-city hospital emergency department patients. | to determine the prevalence of unrecognized human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-1 infections in patients presenting to an inner-city hospital emergency department, medical records were reviewed from 1,945 patients diagnosed with diseases not related to hiv or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. the overall seroprevalence was 2.1% (40): 1.8% (11) in nontrauma versus 3.0% (29) in trauma patients. the highest prevalence was found in black, male, uninsured patients. | 1996 | 8708358 |
| aids-related experiences of primary care physicians in rural california, 1995. | a telephone survey was conducted of primary care physicians in nonmetropolitan counties of california. in a random sample of those counties reporting fewer than 30 cases of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) as of december 1994, all physicians in practice were called; in counties reporting from 31 to 150 cases of aids as of the same date, a 30% random sample was selected for interviewing. completion rates were 82% in the smallest counties and 70% in the larger counties (overall 72%). ... | 1996 | 8686298 |
| physician attitudes toward human immunodeficiency virus testing in pregnancy. | our purpose was to determine physician attitudes regarding voluntary versus mandatory status of human immunodeficiency virus testing in pregnant women. | 1996 | 8678136 |
| risk assessment of carcinogens in food with special consideration of non-genotoxic carcinogens. scientific arguments for use of risk assessment and for changing the delaney clause specifically. | the document "risk assessment of carcinogens in food with special consideration of non-genotoxic carcinogens" was produced by the international federation of societies of toxicologic pathologists on the occasion of its triannual meeting in tours, france, april 23-26, 1995. subsequently, it was endorsed by the north american society of toxicologic pathologists at its annual meeting in san diego, ca, usa, june 11-15, 1995. this document was written to address up-to-date risk assessment of carcinog ... | 1996 | 8672879 |
| seasonal variation in human illumination exposure at two different latitudes. | the authors measured ambient illumination exposure in healthy volunteers in san diego, california (latitude 32 degrees 43' n, n = 30), and rochester, minnesota (latitude 44 degrees 1' n, n = 24), during each of the four quarters of the year, which were centered on the solstices and equinoxes. subjects wore photosensors on their wrists and lapels (or foreheads while in bed) 24 h per day for an average of 5-6 days per quarter. the maximum of the two illumination readings was stored each minute. an ... | 1995 | 8639941 |
| semen analyses in 1,283 men from the united states over a 25-year period: no decline in quality. | to determine whether semen quality has changed in the united states over the last 25 years. | 1996 | 8612826 |
| human rabies--california, 1995. | in september and november 1995, two men in california died from infection with bat-associated variants of rabies virus. this report summarizes the investigations of these cases. | 1996 | 8604213 |
| 'fraud police' face dilemma over warning medical boards. | 1996 | 8596620 | |
| occupational exposure to hepatitis b virus and human immunodeficiency virus: a comparative risk analysis. | health care workers have expressed concern regarding the risk of infection from patients with aids. much less attention is given to the possibility of exposure to patients infected with the hepatitis b virus. this article reviews the data on the probability of exposure to hiv or hepatitis b and subsequent seroconversion, as well as the mortality and morbidity rates associated with both viruses. a decision-analytic analysis of the occupational risk for hiv and hepatitis b is also presented. this ... | 1995 | 8585639 |
| fetal viability as a threshold to personhood. a legal analysis. | this essay opens with an examination of us laws concerning fetal viability as they apply to induced abortion, to a mother's right to refuse medical treatment necessary to save the life of a fetus, and to the rights to file suit for the wrongful death of unborn children. the history of abortion policies in the us is traced from the common law period of the early 19th century to the restrictive post-civil war laws and the decisions of the supreme court in roe vs. wade, which upheld the constituti ... | 1995 | 8568420 |
| physician satisfaction with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and hepatitis b virus testing in san diego county. | physician satisfaction with the laboratory testing process is one indicator of the physician's perception of the quality of laboratory testing and the effectiveness of the communication of the laboratory results. this study compares the level of satisfaction of physicians reporting their experience with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) testing with the satisfaction levels of those physicians reporting their experience with hepatitis b virus (hbv) testing. by mail, 6,570 licensed san d ... | 1996 | 8551808 |
| infections associated with bartonella species in persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus. | two members of the genus bartonella, bartonella quintana (formerly rochalimaea quintana) and bartonella henselae (formerly rochalimaea henselae), have recently been recognized as agents of severe or fatal disease in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). the development of infection with b. henselae in hiv-infected individuals has been associated with traumatic contact with cats (scratches or bites), and domestic cats have been identified as a major reservoir for this organis ... | 1995 | 8547519 |
| health effects of outdoor air pollution. committee of the environmental and occupational health assembly of the american thoracic society. | particles, sox, and acid aerosols are a complex group of distinct pollutants that have common sources and usually covary in concentration. during the past two decades, the chemical characteristics and the geographic distribution of sulfur oxide and particulate pollution have been altered by control strategies, specifically taller stacks for power plants, put in place in response to air pollution regulations adopted in the early 1970s. while the increasing stack heights have lowered local ambient ... | 1996 | 8542133 |
| role of zidovudine antiretroviral therapy in the pathogenesis of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-related lymphoma. | the role of zidovudine and other antiretroviral agents in the pathogenesis of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids)-related lymphomas has been somewhat controversial. in an attempt to elucidate the precise role of antiretroviral agents in the subsequent development of aids-related lymphoma, we performed a population-based, case-control study of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-seropositive patients with intermediate- or high-grade lymphoma in los angeles county, california, in which inform ... | 1995 | 8541552 |
| international unity conference. | 1995 | 8536171 | |
| respiratory cancer and other chronic disease mortality among silicotics in california. | silicotics have increased mortality from tuberculosis (tb) and from nonmalignant respiratory diseases (nmrd), including silicosis and silicotuberculosis. since the publication of the international agency for research on cancer monograph in 1987 indicating that silica was a probable human carcinogen, there has been an extensive debate about the cancer risks among silicotics. the authors identified 590 claims for silicosis among a registry of lung diseases compiled from california workers' compens ... | 1995 | 8533788 |
| animal organs for human patients? | 1995 | 8530269 | |
| human resources. not whistling while they work. | 1995 | 8528328 | |
| hiv infection as leading cause of death among young adults in us cities and states. | to describe the extent to which human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection has become the leading cause of death among young adults (25 to 44 years of age) in us states and cities of at least 100,000 population. | 1993 | 8501840 |
| pulsed-field gel electrophoresis applied for comparing listeria monocytogenes strains involved in outbreaks. | recent food-borne outbreaks of human listeriosis as well as numerous sporadic cases have been mainly caused by listeria monocytogenes serovar 4b strains. thus, it was of interest to find out whether a certain clone or a certain few clones were responsible for these cases and especially for outbreaks. we used pulsed-field gel electrophoresis of large chromosomal dna restriction fragments generated by apai, smai, or noti to analyse 75 l. monocytogenes strains isolated during six major and eight sm ... | 1993 | 8500010 |