Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| microbiological quality of australian sheep meat. | microbiological quality of sheep carcasses and boneless sheep meat produced in australia was surveyed during the period june to november 1998. sponge samples were collected from 917 carcasses, and meat samples were drilled from 467 cartons of frozen boneless meat. carcass and boneless meat samples were respectively collected from 7 and 10 establishments that concentrated on export, and from 36 and 5 establishments supplying the australian domestic market of which 31 were very small plants slaugh ... | 2001 | 11348003 |
| real time biodetection of individual pathogenic microorganisms in food and water. | the primary objective of this research is to examine the feasibility of using an innovative technique based on laser-induced fluorescence coupled with flow cytometry to detect pathogenic microorganisms in food or water in real time. our initial application is the rapid detection of e. coli o157:h7 in ground beef. the research performed demonstrated conclusively that this approach is feasible, and that the technique has key advantages over current alternatives including: it is (1) able to totally ... | 2001 | 11347387 |
| identification of four proteins from the small subunit of the mammalian mitochondrial ribosome using a proteomics approach. | proteins in the small subunit of the mammalian mitochondrial ribosome were separated by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. four individual proteins were subjected to in-gel endoprotease lys-c digestion. the sequences of selected proteolytic peptides were obtained by electrospray tandem mass spectrometry. peptide sequences obtained from in-gel digestion of individual spots were used to screen human, mouse, and rat expressed sequence tag databases, and complete consensus cdnas for ... | 2001 | 11344316 |
| mutational analyses of cysteine residues of bovine dihydrodiol dehydrogenase 3. | the cloning, bacterial expression and purification of bovine liver cytosolic dihydrodiol dehydrogenase 3 (dd3) cdna (1330 bp in full length) using the pkk223-3 expression vector has been reported previously. recombinant dd3 (rdd3) was characterized in terms of its substrate specificity and inhibitor sensitivity [terada et al., adv. exp. biol. res. 414 (1997) 543-553]. the nucleotide sequence of dd3 cdna completely matched with that of bovine liver-type prostaglandin f synthase [suzuki et al., j. ... | 2001 | 11343798 |
| ruminant brain ribonucleases: expression and evolution. | molecular evolutionary analyses of mammalian ribonucleases have shown that gene duplication events giving rise to three paralogous genes occurred in ruminant ancestors. one of these genes encodes a ribonuclease identified in bovine brain. a peculiar feature of this enzyme and orthologous sequences in other ruminants are c-terminal extensions consisting of 17-27 amino acid residues. evidence was obtained by western blot analysis for the presence of brain-type ribonucleases in brain tissue not onl ... | 2001 | 11343795 |
| a longitudinal study on enteropathogenic infections of livestock in trinidad. | a longitudinal study was conducted on selected livestock farms to determine the prevalence of enteropathogens in diarrhoeic and non-diarrhoeic animals. the enteropathogens assayed from faecal samples and rectal swabs were bacteria (escherichia coli, campylobacter spp. salmonella spp. and yersinia enterocolitica), parasites (coccidia, gastrointestinal nematodes and cryptosporidium spp.) and viruses (group a rotavirus and parvovirus). the prevalence of the enteropathogens in various animal species ... | 2001 | 11340494 |
| high-level production of heme-containing holoproteins in escherichia coli. | the expression of recombinant protein is essential for the investigation of the functions and properties of heme-containing protein as an electron carrier. for the expression of fully active recombinant protein, conversion of the expressed apoprotein into holoprotein is the most important and difficult problem. in this study, a system was developed for the production of heme-containing protein in a pure, recombinant holoprotein form, using the bovine cytochrome b5 tryptic fragment and escherichi ... | 2001 | 11330712 |
| factors influencing consumer demand for u.s. pork exported to the republic of korea (south korea). | the potential market for single-ribbed bellies and boston butts in south korea was characterized and quantitative selection criteria were identified for use by u.s. packers when selecting pork for export. south korean retail meat market managers and traders/wholesalers in seoul and pusan were interviewed and asked to identify the quality attributes that are considered when making pork-purchasing decisions. in addition, pork labeling characteristics and meat display case measurements and space al ... | 2001 | 11325196 |
| histone-like protein: a novel method for measuring stress in fish. | we assessed the effect of chronic stress using a group of potent, broad-spectrum antimicrobial polypeptides, called histone-like proteins (hlps), which appear to be an important component of non-specific immunity in channel catfish ictalurus punctatus skin. an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was developed to measure the predominant hlp (hlp-1) in channel catfish skin. catfish were then exposed to a chronic stress consisting of overcrowding and elevated ammonia. healthy unstressed fish ... | 2001 | 11324821 |
| screening procedure from cattle feces and the prevalence of escherichia coli o157:h7 in taiwan dairy cattle. | a procedure has been established for screening escherichia coli o157:h7 from bovine feces. it consists of four steps: enrichment, selective culture, phenotyping and genotyping. modified trypticase soy broth (mtsb) containing 20 microg/ml of novobiocin was used for the enrichment step. the selective culture step was done using sorbitol macconkey agar containing 0.05 microg/ml of cefixime and 2.5 microg/ml of potassium tellurite. the phenotyping steps include: species confirmation as e. coli, sero ... | 2001 | 11321124 |
| microplate enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of primary dna alterations based on the interaction with uvra/uvrb. | an enzyme-linked microplate immunoassay for the analysis of primary dna lesions is described. the assay principle is based on the interaction of the bacterial dna repair proteins uvra and uvrb with dna and on the immunodetection of uvrb forming a stable complex with covalently modified nucleotides. using this technique we were able to detect damages in genomic dna induced by uv light and by several different genotoxic agents. the detection sensitivity of the method reaches down to the nanomolar ... | 2001 | 11319810 |
| infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis and lymphofollicular hyperplasia of the third eyelid in heifers. | on a dairy cattle farm, infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis was diagnosed in 29 (24%) calves and heifers aged from 2 weeks to 1 year old. the highest infection rate (18%) occurred in animals aged 3-6 months. the bacteriological examination of swabs from the affected animals yielded several species of bacteria: moraxella bovis, neisseria ovis, n. cuniculi, plasma coagulase-negative staphylococcus spp., alpha-haemolytic streptococcus spp., arcanobacterium pyogenes and escherichia coli. moraxell ... | 2001 | 11315524 |
| use of polymerase chain reaction to identify brucella abortus strain rb51 among brucella field isolates from cattle in italy. | brucella abortus strain rb51, a rough mutant of the b. abortus 2308 virulent strain, was recently approved in the united states as the official vaccine for brucellosis in cattle. following recent evidence of unauthorized use of rb51 vaccine in italy, where the use of vaccines for brucellosis is no longer allowed, the suitability of an rb51-specific polymerase chain reaction assay for identifying the rb51 strain among brucella field isolates from cattle in italy was investigated. the oligonucleot ... | 2001 | 11315520 |
| an optimized recipe for cloning of the polymerase chain reaction-amplified dna inserts into plasmid vectors. | this study compares a number of parameters that are important in the ligation of the polymerase chain reaction-amplified dna inserts into plasmid vectors and their efficient transformation to bacterial cells. the parameters covered were: t4 polynucleotide kinase treatment followed by either the large fragment of e. coli dna polymerase or t4 dna polymerase reactions, the amount of t4 dna ligase, temperature and duration of ligation, molar ratio of insert to vector as well as the total dna concent ... | 2000 | 11310983 |
| development of a monoclonal sandwich elisa for the detection of animal and human escherichia coli o157 strains. | production of a monoclonal antibody (mab) to escherichia coli o157 to develop a rapid test using a sandwich elisa (selisa) format. | 2001 | 11309065 |
| identification of a novel cat allergen--cystatin. | cat allergen is an important cause of sensitization among children with asthma in japan. although there is good evidence that cats produce other allergens, only one major allergen, fel d 1, has been studied in detail. | 2001 | 11306925 |
| superoxide reductase from desulfoarculus baarsii: reaction mechanism and role of glutamate 47 and lysine 48 in catalysis. | superoxide reductase (sor) is a small metalloenzyme that catalyzes reduction of o(2)(*)(-) to h(2)o(2) and thus provides an antioxidant mechanism against superoxide radicals. its active site contains an unusual mononuclear ferrous center, which is very efficient during electron transfer to o(2)(*)(-) [lombard, m., fontecave, m., touati, d., and nivière, v. (2000) j. biol. chem. 275, 115-121]. the reaction of the enzyme from desulfoarculus baarsii with superoxide was studied by pulse radiolysis m ... | 2001 | 11305919 |
| a basic residue at position 36p of the propeptide is not essential for the correct folding and subsequent autocatalytic activation of prochymosin. | position 36p in the propeptides of gastric aspartic proteinases is generally occupied by lysine or arginine. this has led to the conclusion that a basic residue at this position, which interacts with the active-site aspartates, is essential for folding and activation of the zymogen. lamb prochymosin has been shown by cdna cloning to possess glutamic acid at 36p. to investigate the effect of this natural mutation which appears to contradict the proposed role of this residue, calf and lamb prochym ... | 2001 | 11298755 |
| high pressure increases bactericidal activity and spectrum of lactoferrin, lactoferricin and nisin. | we have studied the inactivation of a panel of eight test bacteria (two escherichia coli strains, salmonella enteritidis, salmonella typhimurium, shigella sonnei, shigella flexneri, pseudomonas fluorescens and staphylococcus aureus) by high pressure in the presence of bovine lactoferrin (500 microg/ml), pepsin hydrolysate of lactoferrin (500 microg/ml), lactoferricin (20 microg/ml) and nisin (100 iu/ml). none of these compounds, at the indicated dosage, were bactericidal when applied at atmosphe ... | 2001 | 11294354 |
| lox-1 supports adhesion of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. | adhesion of bacteria to vascular endothelial cells as well as mucosal cells and epithelial cells appears to be one of the initial steps in the process of bacterial infection, including infective endocarditis. we examined whether lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor 1 (lox-1), a member of scavenger receptor family molecules with c-type lectin-like structure, can support adhesion of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. chinese hamster ovary-k1 (cho-k1) cells stably expressing ... | 2001 | 11290792 |
| bovine rotavirus nonstructural protein 4 produced by lactococcus lactis is antigenic and immunogenic. | rotavirus nonstructural protein 4 (nsp4) can induce diarrhea in mice. to get insight into the biological effects of nsp4, production of large quantities of this protein is necessary. we first tried to produce the protein in escherichia coli, but the nsp4 gene proved to be unstable. the capacity of the generally regarded as safe organism lactococcus lactis to produce nsp4 either intra- or extracellularly was then investigated by using the nisin-controlled expression system. production of recombin ... | 2001 | 11282586 |
| production of recombinant bovine lactoferrin n-lobe in insect cells and its antimicrobial activity. | lactoferrin is a multifunctional, iron-binding glycoprotein found in physiological fluids of mammals. in the present study, a gene encoding the n-terminal half (n-lobe) of bovine lactoferrin was cloned and expressed in cultured insect cells using a baculovirus expression system. one mutation was found in the lactoferrin n-lobe gene, but it resulted in no amino acid substitution. the recombinant lactoferrin n-lobe was secreted into the culture medium and partially purified by means of an immobili ... | 2001 | 11281717 |
| phenylarsine oxide inhibits nitric oxide synthase in pulmonary artery endothelial cells. | the role of protein tyrosine phosphorylation during regulation of no synthase (enos) activity in endothelial cells is poorly understood. studies to define this role have used inhibitors of tyrosine kinase or tyrosine phosphatase (tp). phenylarsine oxide (pao), an inhibitor of tp, has been reported to bind thiol groups, and recent work from our laboratory demonstrates that enos activity depends on thiol groups at its catalytic site. therefore, we hypothesized that pao may have a direct effect on ... | 2000 | 11281283 |
| structural compensation for the deficit of rrna with proteins in the mammalian mitochondrial ribosome. systematic analysis of protein components of the large ribosomal subunit from mammalian mitochondria. | the mammalian mitochondrial ribosome (mitoribosome) is a highly protein-rich particle in which almost half of the rrna contained in the bacterial ribosome is replaced with proteins. it is known that mitochondrial translation factors can function on both mitochondrial and escherichia coli ribosomes, indicating that protein components in the mitoribosome compensate the reduced rrna chain to make a bacteria-type ribosome. to elucidate the molecular basis of this compensation, we analyzed bovine mit ... | 2001 | 11279069 |
| identification of the anti-angiogenic site within vascular basement membrane-derived tumstatin. | components of vascular basement membrane are involved in regulating angiogenesis. recently, tumstatin (the nc1 domain of alpha3 chain of type iv collagen) was identified as possessing anti-angiogenic activity. in the present study, the anti-angiogenic activity of tumstatin was localized to the putative 54-132-amino acid tum-5 domain, and the activity mediated by alpha(v)beta(3) integrin interaction in an rgd-independent manner. the recombinant tum-5 produced in escherichia coli and pichia pastor ... | 2001 | 11278365 |
| amino-acid substitutions at the fully exposed p1 site of bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor affect its stability. | it is widely accepted that solvent-exposed sites in proteins play only a negligible role in determining protein energetics. in this paper we show that amino acid substitutions at the fully exposed lys15 in bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor (bpti) influenced the cd- and dsc-monitored stability: the t(den) difference between the least (p1 trp) and the most stable (p1 his) mutant is 11.2 degrees c at ph 2.0. the deltah(den) versus t(den) plot for all the variants at three ph values (2.0, 2.5, 3.0 ... | 2001 | 11274462 |
| influence of escherichia coli and arcanobacterium pyogenes isolated from bovine puerperal uteri on phenotypic and functional properties of neutrophils. | when cows develop endometritis after birth, escherichia coli and arcanobacterium pyogenes are usually the most prominent bacteria present in bovine uterine lochial secretions. a. pyogenes alone is rarely found in the course of a disturbed puerperium. this was confirmed in this study, since average and high-grade uterine contaminations were always associated with the presence of both bacteria. the contamination grade was positively correlated with uterine polymorphonuclear granulocyte (pmn) numbe ... | 2001 | 11267794 |
| characterisation and clonal relationships of shiga-toxigenic escherichia coli (stec) isolated from australian dairy cattle. | a total of 136 shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec) isolated during a longitudinal survey of three australian dairy farms were examined to determine their virulence factors, serotype and genomic relationships. this study aimed to assess the potential of these stec to cause disease in humans and to analyse the on-farm ecology of stec. virulence factors (stx, eae, ehxa) were used as determinants of potential to be enterohaemorrhagic e. coli (ehec) and were examined using polymerase chain ... | 2001 | 11267792 |
| second virial coefficients as a measure of protein--osmolyte interactions. | the cytoplasm contains high concentrations of cosolutes. these cosolutes include macromolecules and small organic molecules called osmolytes. however, most biophysical studies of proteins are conducted in dilute solutions. two broad classes of models have been used to describe the interaction between osmolytes and proteins. one class focuses on excluded volume effects, while the other focuses on binding between the protein and the osmolyte. to better understand protein--smolyte interactions, we ... | 2001 | 11266589 |
| acute phase protein responses to uterine bacterial contamination in cattle after calving. | repeated ultrasonographic examinations and collections of blood samples and uterine lumenal swabs between seven and 28 days after calving were used to examine the relative effects of bacterial contamination and involution of the uterus on the concentrations of acute phase proteins in the blood of 26 dairy cows. the severity of bacterial contamination, as determined by the total bacterial growth score, was a significant variable for the concentrations of the acute phase proteins alpha1-acid glyco ... | 2001 | 11258722 |
| yersinia hpi in septicemic escherichia coli strains isolated from diverse hosts. | high pathogenicity islands (hpis), first identified in various yersinia species, encode an iron uptake system. we have studied the occurrence of hpis in septicemic strains of escherichia coli isolated from a variety of hosts. the results presented in this communication indicate that most septicemic strains tested contained hpi sequences even though they already have the aerobactin encoding genes. we have also observed two types of hpi deletions, suggesting genetic instability of this element. no ... | 2001 | 11257548 |
| bactericidal activities of milk lipids. | the bactericidal capacity of digestion products of bovine milk triglycerides and membrane lipids was tested in vitro using escherichia coli o157:h7, salmonella enteritidis, campylobacter jejuni, listeria monocytogenes, and clostridium perfringens. c10:0 and c12:0 fatty acids and digestion products of sphingolipids appeared to be effective bactericidal agents, whereas digestion products of phosphoglycerides were moderately bactericidal. thus, milk fat sphingolipids and triglycerides, particularly ... | 2001 | 11257052 |
| dna from protozoan parasites babesia bovis, trypanosoma cruzi, and t. brucei is mitogenic for b lymphocytes and stimulates macrophage expression of interleukin-12, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and nitric oxide. | the activation of innate immune responses by genomic dna from bacteria and several nonvertebrate organisms represents a novel mechanism of pathogen recognition. we recently demonstrated the cpg-dependent mitogenic activity of dna from the protozoan parasite babesia bovis for bovine b lymphocytes (w. c. brown, d. m. estes, s. e. chantler, k. a. kegerreis, and c. e. suarez, infect. immun. 66:5423-5432, 1998). however, activation of macrophages by dna from protozoan parasites has not been demonstra ... | 2001 | 11254571 |
| pcr primers designed from malic acid dehydrogenase gene and their use for detection of escherichia coli in water and milk samples. | escherichia coli has been the appropriate focus for monitoring of potential enteric pathogens in water and foods. although several methods have been used for the detection or enumeration of e. coli cells in water and foods, the time and accuracy limitations of these methods suggest the need of a rapid and specific method. by comparison of the gene sequences coding for malic acid dehydrogenase (mdh) of e. coli and non-e. coli strains, two oligonucleotides were designed and their possible use as e ... | 2001 | 11252491 |
| lactoferricin b causes depolarization of the cytoplasmic membrane of escherichia coli atcc 25922 and fusion of negatively charged liposomes. | antimicrobial peptides have been extensively studied in order to elucidate their mode of action. most of these peptides have been shown to exert a bactericidal effect on the cytoplasmic membrane of bacteria. lactoferricin is an antimicrobial peptide with a net positive charge and an amphipatic structure. in this study we examine the effect of bovine lactoferricin (lactoferricin b; lfcin b) on bacterial membranes. we show that lfcin b neither lyses bacteria, nor causes a major leakage from liposo ... | 2001 | 11248238 |
| [action of natural gamma-interferons on functional activity of phagocytes and antibody synthesis after vaccination]. | natural swine and cattle gamma-ifns were prepared for trials. one dose of gamma-suiferon contained 1000 iu, that of gamma-boviferon--2000 iu. three series of researches were carried out to estimate the in vitro and in vivo absorbing activity of phagocytes (monocytes and neutrophiles), their bactericidal ability (on new born pigs and calves, 2 months old animals, sows and cows with calf) and antibodygenesis after immunization of animals by colibacteriosis vaccine. it has been shown in trials that ... | 2000 | 11247346 |
| characterization of shiga toxin producing e. coli and o157 serotype e. coli isolated in france from healthy domestic cattle. | a study was carried out in france in collaboration with the meat industry to investigate the occurrence and characteristics of shiga toxin-producing e. coli (stec) and o157 e. coli in a population of healthy bovines representative of french livestock. a total of 851 animals belonging to three bovine classes (106 young bulls, 374 dairy cows and 371 meat cows) were included in the study. samples of feces and of the corresponding carcasses were collected from march 97 to august 97 in seven abattoir ... | 2001 | 11246905 |
| biological activities of bovine glycomacropeptide. | biological activity of bovine kappa-caseino glycomacropeptide (gmp) has received much attention in recent years. research has focused on the ability of gmp to bind cholera and escherichia coli enterotoxins, inhibit bacterial and viral adhesion, suppress gastric secretions, promote bifidobacterial growth and modulate immune system responses. of these, protection against toxins, bacteria, and viruses and modulation of the immune system are the most promising applications. | 2000 | 11242445 |
| differential adhesion of major surface proteins 1a and 1b of the ehrlichial cattle pathogen anaplasma marginale to bovine erythrocytes and tick cells. | anaplasma marginale is a tick-borne ehrlichial pathogen of cattle for which six major surface proteins (msps) have been described. the msp1 complex, a heterodimer composed of msp1a and msp1b, was shown to induce a protective immune response in cattle and both proteins have been identified as putative adhesins for bovine erythrocytes. in this study the role of msp1a and msp1b as adhesins for bovine erythrocytes and tick cells was defined. msp1alpha and msp1beta1 genes from the oklahoma isolate of ... | 2001 | 11239934 |
| experimental and field studies of escherichia coli o157:h7 in white-tailed deer. | studies were conducted to evaluate fecal shedding of escherichia coli o157:h7 in a small group of inoculated deer, determine the prevalence of the bacterium in free-ranging white-tailed deer, and elucidate relationships between e. coli o157:h7 in wild deer and domestic cattle at the same site. six young, white-tailed deer were orally administered 10(8) cfu of e. coli o157:h7. inoculated deer were shedding e. coli o157:h7 by 1 day postinoculation (dpi) and continued to shed decreasing numbers of ... | 2001 | 11229913 |
| occurrence of verotoxin-producing escherichia coli in dairy heifers grazing an irrigated pasture. | verotoxin-producing escherichia coli (vtec) produce one or two toxins known as vt1 and vt2. these toxins have been associated with several human illnesses. dairy cattle harboring vtec represent a potential health hazard because they enter the food chain as ground beef. the objective of this study was to assess the occurrence of vtec in dairy heifers. a total of 91 fecal samples were rectally collected during four periods (spring, summer, fall, and winter of 1999) from 23 heifers. a random sample ... | 2001 | 11223171 |
| structure of a bag/hsc70 complex: convergent functional evolution of hsp70 nucleotide exchange factors. | bag (bcl2-associated athanogene) domains occur in a class of cofactors of the eukaryotic chaperone 70-kilodalton heat shock protein (hsp70) family. binding of the bag domain to the hsp70 adenosine triphosphatase (atpase) domain promotes adenosine 5'-triphosphate-dependent release of substrate from hsp70 in vitro. in a 1.9 angstrom crystal structure of a complex with the atpase of the 70-kilodalton heat shock cognate protein (hsc70), the bag domain forms a three-helix bundle, inducing a conformat ... | 2001 | 11222862 |
| sequences at the 3' untranslated region of bamboo mosaic potexvirus rna interact with the viral rna-dependent rna polymerase. | the 3' untranslated region (utr) of bamboo mosaic potexvirus (bamv) genomic rna was found to fold into a series of stem-loop structures including a pseudoknot structure. these structures were demonstrated to be important for viral rna replication and were believed to be recognized by the replicase (c.-p. cheng and c.-h. tsai, j. mol. biol. 288:555-565, 1999). electrophoretic mobility shift and competition assays have now been used to demonstrate that the escherichia coli-expressed rna-dependent ... | 2001 | 11222706 |
| analysis by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and 2-dimensional electrophoresis of haptoglobin in the high-density lipoprotein fraction in cows. | haptoglobin (hp) is a hemoglobin (hb)-binding acute-phase protein. besides its relevance in inflammation, hp is involved in the regulation of lipid metabolism. in cattle, in addition to the lipoprotein-deficient fraction, hp is distributed in high-density lipoprotein (hdl) and very high-density lipoprotein (vhdl) fractions. the purpose of this study was to determine hp concentrations in the lipoprotein fractions using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) based on the affinity with hb, an ... | 2001 | 11217066 |
| occurrence and characterization of escherichia coli o157 isolated from cattle in norway. | faecal samples from 504 imported beef cattle were screened to investigate the occurrence of escherichia coli o157. the results were compared with those from a previous screening of norwegian dairy cattle, and the occurrence was found to be higher in the imported beef cattle. the e. coli o157 isolates from the previous and present studies were characterized for the genes encoding for shigatoxin 1 (stx1), shigatoxin 2 (stx2), the intimin protein (eae) and the flagellar protein h7 (flic) using pcr ... | 2001 | 11214668 |
| survival of salmonella typhimurium and escherichia coli o157:h7 in poultry manure and manure slurry at sublethal temperatures. | exponential inactivation was observed for salmonella typhimurium and escherichia coli o157:h7 in poultry manure with decimal reduction times ranging from half a day at 37 c to 1-2 wk at 4 c. there was no material difference in inactivation rates between s. typhimurium and e. coli o157:h7. inactivation was slower in slurries made by mixing two parts of water with one part of manure; decimal reduction times (time required for 90% destruction) ranged from 1-2 days at 37 c to 6-22 wk at 4 c. escheri ... | 2000 | 11195639 |
| molecular cloning and functional expression of bottle-nosed dolphin (tursiops truncatus) interleukin-1 receptor antagonist. | the bottle-nosed dolphin (tursiops truncatus) interleukin-1 receptor antagonist il-1ra cdna was cloned from mitogen-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) rna utilizing the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr). the sequence of this cdna showed that dolphin il-1ra clones contained open reading frames encoding 177 amino acids. comparison of the deduced amino acids showed that dolphin il-1ra sequence shared 87.6, 77.9, 77.4, 77.4, 76.4, and 75.8% similarity with th ... | 2001 | 11182153 |
| development of a competitive elisa using a truncated e2 recombinant protein as antigen for detection of antibodies to classical swine fever virus. | the sequence encoding a truncated e2 glycoprotein of the alfort/187 strain of classical swine fever virus (csfv) was expressed in escherichia coli using the pet expression system and the recombinant product purified by ni-nta agarose affinity chromatography. the antigenicity of this recombinant protein was demonstrated by immunoblot using anti- csfv-specific antibodies. a monoclonal antibody was produced against the truncated e2 protein and used as competitor in an elisa for the detection of ant ... | 2001 | 11170845 |
| occurrence and virulence factors of non-o157 shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli in retail meat in dunedin, new zealand. | retail raw meat was sampled for the presence of shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec) using enrichment culture and vero cell assay. the stec obtained were serotyped and tested for enterohaemolysin (ehly) production and the eae gene. the presence of shiga toxin genes (stx) was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction. a total of 18 stec were isolated accounting for 12% of beef, 17% of lamb and 4% of pork samples. five isolates produced ehly but none possessed the eae gene. five isolates wer ... | 2001 | 11169055 |
| resistance patterns of non-o157 shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec) strains isolated from animals, food and asymptomatic human carriers in switzerland. | the objective of the present study was to determine the resistance patterns of non-o157 shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec) strains isolated from different sources in switzerland during the period 1997-99 as an epidemiological marker. | 2001 | 11169054 |
| reduction of fecal shedding of enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli o157:h7 in lambs by feeding microbial feed supplement. | enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli o157:h7, an emerging food-borne pathogen, has been implicated in several outbreaks in the us. ruminants, including cattle, sheep and deer are reservoirs of e. coli o157:h7 and fecal shedding of the pathogen forms the vehicle of entry into the human food chain. we studied the efficacy of lactobacillus acidophilus, streptococcus faecium, a mixture of l. acidophilus and s. faecium and a mixture of l. acidophilus, s. faecium, lactobacillus casei, lactobacillus ferm ... | 2001 | 11163713 |
| measurement of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine in dna by high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry: comparison with measurement by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. | measurement of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oh-dguo) in dna by high-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (lc/ms) was studied. a methodology was developed for separation by lc of 8-oh-dguo from intact and modified nucleosides in dna hydrolyzed by a combination of four enzymes: dnase i, phosphodiesterases i and ii and alkaline phosphatase. the atmospheric pressure ionization-electrospray process was used for mass spectral measurements. a stable isotope-labeled analog of 8-oh-dguo ... | 2001 | 11160914 |
| analysis of type 1 fimbriae expression in verotoxigenic escherichia coli: a comparison between serotypes o157 and o26. | previous research has shown that verotoxin-producing escherichia coli (vtec) o157 strains appear unable to express type 1 fimbriae although other serotypes such as o26 and o118 can. this study has investigated the molecular basis of this difference. the study confirmed the presence of a 16 bp deletion within the regulatory region of fima (fim switch) in 63 vtec o157 strains but not in other vtec serotypes tested. the fim switch was shown to be detectable only in the phase off orientation in vtec ... | 2001 | 11160808 |
| effects of subinhibitory concentrations of ciprofloxacin on enterotoxigenic escherichia coli virulence factors. | eight enterotoxigenic escherichia coli were studied with the aim of investigating the effect of subinhibitory concentrations of ciprofloxacin on their adherence properties and on the expression of thermolabile enterotoxin. our data showed that the hydrophobicity on the bacterial cell surface, the hemagglutination properties, and thermolabile enterotoxin production were considerably reduced after treatment with subinhibitory concentrations of ciprofloxacin, suggesting that ciprofloxacin may be ca ... | 2000 | 11154030 |
| [epidemiology, pathogenesis, treatment and prevention of bovine acute escherichia coli mastitis, a literature review]. | comparisons of the rate of incidence of clinical mastitis caused by e. coli during the last 40 years demonstrate the increasing significance of this disease for modern milk production. because of the acute nature of this disease it was not possible until now to establish by documentary evidence a spontaneous case from the beginning on--and thereby to give certain evidence to the pathogenesis. nevertheless a multitude of reports about experimentally caused mastitis or observations of solitary asp ... | 2000 | 11153230 |
| virulence genotypes and serotypes of verotoxigenic escherichia coli isolated from cattle and foods in argentina. importance in public health. | virulence factors of verotoxin-producing escherichia coli (vtec) strains isolated from hamburgers and ground beef were studied in argentina by pcr. their virulence profiles were correlated with those corresponding to strains isolated from calves and adult cattle. most virulent profiles (vts+ eae+ mp+) were present in e. coli from healthy and diarrheic calves corresponding to o5:h-, o5:h27, o20:h?, o26:h11, o38:h?, o103:h-, o103:h2, o111:h-, o118:h16, o165:h-serotypes. the presence of the eae gen ... | 2000 | 11142505 |
| prevalence and characteristics of shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli from healthy cattle in japan. | the prevalence of shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec) in japan was examined by using stool samples from 87 calves, 88 heifers, and 183 cows on 78 farms. as determined by screening with stx-pcr, the prevalence was 46% in calves, 66% in heifers, and 69% in cows; as determined by nested stx-pcr, the prevalence was 100% in all animal groups. of the 962 isolates picked by colony stx hybridization, 92 isolates from 54 farms were characterized to determine their o serogroups, virulence factor ... | 2001 | 11133487 |
| validation of acid washes as critical control points in hazard analysis and critical control point systems. | a 2% lactic acid wash used in a large meat-processing facility was validated as an effective critical control point (ccp) in a hazard analysis and critical control point (haccp) plan. we examined the microbial profiles of beef carcasses before the acid wash, beef carcasses immediately after the acid wash, beef carcasses 24 h after the acid wash, beef subprimal cuts from the acid-washed carcasses, and on ground beef made from acid-washed carcasses. total mesophilic, psychrotrophic, coliforms, gen ... | 2000 | 11131890 |
| effects of diet on rumen proliferation and fecal shedding of escherichia coil o157:h7 in calves. | calves inoculated with escherichia coli o157:h7 and fed either a high-roughage or high-concentrate diet were evaluated for rumen proliferation and fecal shedding of e. coli o157:h7. calves fed the high-roughage diet had lower mean rumen volatile fatty acid concentrations and higher rumen ph values than did calves fed the high-concentrate diet. despite these differences in rumen conditions, the calves fed the high-roughage diet did not have greater rumen populations of e. coli o157: h7 and did no ... | 2000 | 11131882 |
| relationship between intra-uterine bacterial contamination, endotoxin levels and the development of endometritis in postpartum cows with dystocia or retained placenta. | a study was conducted to investigate the relationship between intra-uterine bacterial contamination, endotoxin levels and the development of endometritis in cows that experienced a dystocia or retained their placenta. fifteen healthy cows, 31 cows with retained placenta (rp) and 13 cows that had dystocia were clinically examined 1 or 2 days after parturition when a uterine swab for bacteriological examination was taken. in addition, plasma and uterine lochia samples were collected to determine l ... | 2000 | 11131320 |
| identification of escherichia coli recovered from milk of sows with coliform mastitis by random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) using standardized reagents. | a standardized-reagents commercial kit for random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) analysis was used for typing 58 escherichia coli strains that were recovered from the milk of sows, having coliform mastitis, within a single swineherd in sweden. previously, the 58 e. coli strains were characterized serologically and profiled biochemically. they were also evaluated for their serum resistance and their ability to adhere to fibronectin and bovine fetal fibroblasts. the rapd analysis was fast, easil ... | 2000 | 11126575 |
| multiple restraints to the unfolding of spermidine nucleoids from escherichia coli. | bacterial dna is largely localized in compact bodies known as nucleoids. the structure of the bacterial nucleoid and the forces that maintain its dna in a highly compact yet accessible form are largely unknown. in the present study, we used urea to cause controlled unfolding of spermidine nucleoids isolated from escherichia coli to determine factors that are involved in nucleoid compaction. isolated nucleoids unfolded at approximately 3.2 m urea. addition of pancreatic rnase reduced the urea con ... | 2000 | 11121306 |
| tumor necrosis factor-alpha and nitrite/nitrate responses during acute mastitis induced by escherichia coli infection and endotoxin in dairy cows. | concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (tnf-alpha) and of no(x) (sum of nitrite and nitrate as indicators of endogenous nitric oxide production) in milk and blood plasma were measured in three mastitis models in dairy cows in early lactation. escherichia coli p4:o37 bacteria or endotoxin o111:b4 were administered into both left quarters of 12 and 6 cows, respectively. six of the e. coli-infected cows were treated with a bactericidal antibiotic (enrofloxacin; bayer ag, leverkusen, germany) ... | 2000 | 11118787 |
| in situ hybridization method for studies of cell wall deficient m. paratuberculosis in tissue samples. | cell wall deficient forms of mycobacteria may be important in the pathogenesis of crohn's disease and sarcoidosis. however, no method has been available to localize this type of organisms in tissue sections. we developed an in situ hybridization method for the demonstration of mycobacterium paratuberculosis spheroplasts (cell wall deficient forms) in paraffin embedded tissue sections.m. paratuberculosis spheroplasts were prepared by treatment with glycine and lysozyme. pieces of beef were inject ... | 2000 | 11118736 |
| lactate dehydrogenase release assay from vero cells to distinguish verotoxin producing escherichia coli from non-verotoxin producing strains. | the vero cell assay presently used for virulence testing of verotoxigenic escherichia coli (vtec) requires at least 48-96 h where cytotoxicity effects are examined under a microscope. here, a complimentary rapid assay was developed that measures endogenous lactate dehydrogenase (ldh) release from vero or hep-2 cells as an indicator of cytotoxicity. toxin preparations from 24 vtec strains induced 36-89% ldh from vero cells and 15-62% ldh from hep-2 cells in 12-16 h. a verotoxin-positive but enter ... | 2001 | 11118652 |
| coenzyme q is an obligatory cofactor for uncoupling protein function. | uncoupling proteins (ucps) are thought to be intricately controlled uncouplers that are responsible for the futile dissipation of mitochondrial chemiosmotic gradients, producing heat rather than atp. they occur in many animal and plant cells and form a subfamily of the mitochondrial carrier family. physiological uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation must be strongly regulated to avoid deterioration of the energy supply and cell death, which is caused by toxic uncouplers. however, an h+ transpo ... | 2000 | 11117751 |
| ca(2+)-binding proteins in the retina: from discovery to etiology of human disease(1). | examination of the role of ca(2+)-binding proteins (cabps) in mammalian retinal neurons has yielded new insights into the function of these proteins in normal and pathological states. in the last 8 years, studies on guanylate cyclase (gc) regulation by three gc-activating proteins (gcap1-3) led to several breakthroughs, among them the recent biochemical analysis of gcap1(y99) mutants associated with autosomal dominant cone dystrophy. perturbation of ca(2+) homeostasis controlled by mutant gcap1 ... | 2000 | 11108966 |
| results of a longitudinal study of the prevalence of escherichia coli o157:h7 on cow-calf farms. | to describe the frequency and distribution of escherichia coli o157:h7 in the feces and environment of cow-calf herds housed on pasture. | 2000 | 11108182 |
| dimer formation by a "monomeric" protein. | dimeric proteins can arise by the swapping of structural domains between monomers. the prevalence of this occurrence is unknown. ribonuclease a (rnase a) is assumed to be a monomer near physiological conditions. here, this hypothesis is tested and found to be imprecise. the two histidine residues (his12 and his119) in the active site of rnase a arise from two domains (s-peptide and s-protein) of the protein. the h12a and h119a variants have 10(5)-fold less ribonucleolytic activity than does the ... | 2000 | 11106177 |
| a functional water channel protein in the pathogenic bacterium brucella abortus. | the gene for a new bacterial aquaporin, aqpx, was cloned from the pathogenic gram-negative bacterium brucella abortus. the gene was mapped on the large chromosome of b. abortus. it is flanked by one upstream and two downstream copies of the brucella repeated sequence bru-rs. prediction from the nucleotide sequence indicated that the protein is a member of the mip family, which comprises channels for water and/or solute transport. expression in xenopus oocytes and cryoelectron microscopy of esche ... | 2000 | 11101683 |
| molecular cloning of nadph-cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase from silkworm eggs. its involvement in 20-hydroxyecdysone biosynthesis during embryonic development. | using rt-pcr, a cdna fragment of nadph-cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase from silkworm, bombyx mori, was cloned from three-day-old nondiapause eggs. race was used to isolate the ends of the dna. the full-length cdna obtained was composed of 3471 bp with an open reading frame encoding a protein of 687 amino-acid residues with a relative molecular mass of 77 700. the protein, fused with glutathione s-transferase, was expressed in escherichia coli and purified to homogeneity. the fused protein not onl ... | 2000 | 11082204 |
| the effect of different grain diets on fecal shedding of escherichia coli o157:h7 by steers. | three groups of six yearling steers (three rumen fistulated plus three nonfistulated) fed one of three different grain diets (85% cracked corn, 15% whole cottonseed and 70% barley, or 85% barley) were inoculated with 10(10) cfu of escherichia coli o157:h7 strain 3081, and the presence of the inoculated strain was followed in the rumen fluid and feces for a 10-week period. e. coli o157:h7 was rapidly eliminated from the rumen of the animals on all three diets but persisted in the feces of some an ... | 2000 | 11079685 |
| antitumor interaction of short-course endostatin and ionizing radiation. | the purpose of this study was to evaluate whether endostatin, an antiangiogenic cleavage fragment of collagen xviii, enhances the antitumor effects of ionizing radiation (ir). endostatin was injected to coincide with fractionated radiotherapy. | 2000 | 11079167 |
| milk leucocyte population patterns in bovine udder infection of different aetiology. | this study compared the different leucocyte populations in milk from udders infected with different mastitic pathogens and in different stages of infection. milk samples were collected from quarters free of intramammary infection, acutely infected with escherichia coli or staphylococcus aureus and chronically infected with s. aureus, coagulase-negative staphylococci (cns) or streptococcus dysgalactiae. udder bacteriological status was confirmed after three consecutive bacteriological examination ... | 2000 | 11075546 |
| reconstitution of mitochondrial processing peptidase from the core proteins (subunits i and ii) of bovine heart mitochondrial cytochrome bc(1) complex. | mature core i and core ii proteins of the bovine heart mitochondrial cytochrome bc(1) complex were individually overexpressed in escherichia coli as soluble proteins using the expression vector pet-i and pet-ii, respectively. purified recombinant core i and core ii alone show no mitochondrial processing peptidase (mpp) activity. when these two proteins are mixed together, mpp activity is observed. maximum activity is obtained when the molar ratio of these two core proteins reaches 1. this indica ... | 2001 | 11073949 |
| survival of escherichia coli o157 in faeces of experimentally infected rats and domestic pigeons. | in order to evaluate the role of some synanthropic animals in the spreading of escherichia coli o157, laboratory rats and domestic pigeons were experimentally infected per os with e. coli o157. rats infected with 10(5) colony forming units (cfu) (n = 5) and 10(9) cfu (n = 5) shed e. coli o157 for 2 +/- 1.7 d and 9.8 +/- 1.3 d, respectively. in the faeces of infected rats stored at 4 degrees c in a moist environment, at 4 degrees c in a dry environment or at 20 degrees c in a moist environment, e ... | 2000 | 11069635 |
| host defense function in neutrophils from the american bison (bison bison). | selected host defense functions of neutrophils isolated from american bison (bison bison) were characterized and compared with those of cattle (bos taurus). bison neutrophils had a robust chemotactic response to both il-8 and ltb(4), with maximal responses occurring at 10(-7) m (il-8) and 10(-8) m (ltb(4)). the magnitude of the chemotactic response to il-8 was similar in bison and bovine neutrophils (except at 10(-7) m il-8, where bison had a stronger response). in response to ltb(4), bison neut ... | 2000 | 11064290 |
| the escherichia coli pii signal transduction protein regulates the activities of the two-component system transmitter protein nrii by direct interaction with the kinase domain of the transmitter module. | the pii signal transduction protein regulates the transcription of nitrogen-regulated genes by controlling the kinase and phosphatase activities of nrii. we used a cross-linking approach to study the interaction of the t-loop of the pii protein with nrii. cross-linking of pii to nrii required atp and 2-ketoglutarate, allosteric effectors known to control pii activity, and was not affected by the presence of excess nonspecific proteins such as bovine serum albumin. the purified cross-linked speci ... | 2000 | 11063581 |
| in vitro incorporation of nascent molybdenum cofactor into human sulfite oxidase. | we were able to reconstitute molybdopterin (mpt)-free sulfite oxidase in vitro with the molybdenum cofactor (moco) synthesized de novo from precursor z and molybdate. mpt-free human sulfite oxidase apoprotein was obtained by heterologous expression in an escherichia coli mutant with a defect in the early steps of mpt biosynthesis. in vitro reconstitution of the purified apoprotein was achieved using an incubation mixture containing purified precursor z, purified mpt synthase, and sodium molybdat ... | 2001 | 11042213 |
| characterization of shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli strains isolated from calves in poland. | fecal samples from 67 3-5-months-old calves with diarrhea were screened for the presence of shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec). several accessory virulence factors genes were also tested. among 192 e. coli isolates tested, 15 (7.6%) were found to harbour the shiga toxin 1 or 2 (stx1 or stx2) genes. the stx2-carrying samples were further subtyped by pcr for the stx2c, stx2d, and stx2e toxin variants. it was shown that stx2-positive bacteria mainly possessed the stx2c shiga toxin type g ... | 2000 | 11038128 |
| one-step purification of the recombinant catalytic subunit of pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase. | a facile one-step affinity chromatographic purification of the recombinant catalytic subunit (pdpc) of bovine pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase (pdp) to near homogeneity is described. pdpc binds in the presence of ca(2+) to the inner lipoyl domain (l2) of the dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase component (e2) of the mammalian pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. the affinity column consists of a glutathione s-transferase (gst)-l2 fusion protein bound to glutathione-sepharose 4b beads. an extract of t ... | 2000 | 11035961 |
| interactions of the nadp(h)-binding domain iii of proton-translocating transhydrogenase from escherichia coli with nadp(h) and the nad(h)-binding domain i studied by nmr and site-directed mutagenesis. | using the purified nadp(h)-binding domain of proton-translocating escherichia coli transhydrogenase (eciii) overexpressed in (15)n- and (2)h-labeled medium, together with the purified nad(h)-binding domain from e. coli (eci), the interface between eciii and eci, the nadp(h)-binding site and the influence on the interface by nad(p)(h) was investigated in solution by nmr chemical shift mapping. mapping of the nadp(h)-binding site showed that the nadp(h) substrate is bound to eciii in an extended c ... | 2000 | 11027139 |
| the isolation of enterohaemorrhagic escherichia coli o111:h- from australian cattle. | 2000 | 11022293 | |
| comparison between the growth of yersinia enterocolitica, listeria monocytogenes, escherichia coli o157:h7 and salmonella spp. in ground beef packed by three commercially used packaging techniques. | growth of the pathogens yersinia enterocolitica, listeria monocytogenes, escherichia coli o157:h7 and strains of salmonella were compared in ground beef packed in modified atmospheres of 60% co2/40% n2/0.4% co (high co2/low co mixture), 70% o2/30% co2 (high o2 mixture) and in chub packs (stuffed in plastic casings). the ground beef was inoculated with rifampicin-resistant or nalidixic acid/streptomycin-resistant strains of the pathogens (final concentration 10(2) - 10(3) bacteria/g) and stored a ... | 2000 | 11020041 |
| short communication: survival of escherichia coli o157:h7 in dairy cattle drinking water. | cattle drinking water from two dairy farms was used in a study to determine the survival characteristics of the bacterial pathogen escherichia coli o157:h7 and wild-type e. coli. the e. coli o157:h7 inoculum consisted of a consortium of isolates obtained from dairy cattle. fresh manure was used as the source for the wild-type e. coli. in the water source from farm 1 the pathogens were present at both 5 and 15 degrees c during the 16-d duration of the study. in the water source from farm 2, the p ... | 2000 | 11003233 |
| hydrolysis of beta-galactosyl ester linkage by beta-galactosidases. | p-hydroxybenzoyl beta-galactose (phb-gal) was synthesized chemically to examine the hydrolytic activity of beta-galactosyl ester linkage by beta-galactosidases. the enzyme from penicillium multicolor hydrolyzed the substrate as fast as p-nitrophenyl beta-galactoside (pnp-gal), a usual substrate with a beta-galactosidic linkage. the enzymes from escherichia coli and aspergillus oryzae hydrolyzed phb-gal with almost the same rates as pnp-gal. the enzymes from bacillus circulans, saccharomyces frag ... | 2000 | 10993159 |
| assessment of the in vitro and in vivo genotoxicity of thalomid (thalidomide). | thalomid is the fda-approved commercial formulation of thalidomide currently used in the us to treat erythema nodosum leprosum, a complication of leprosy. the genotoxicity of thalomid thalidomide was assessed in the ames reverse mutation, as52/xprt mammalian cell forward gene mutation, and mouse bone marrow micronucleus assays. the ames and as52 assays were performed with and without s9. in the ames, salmonella typhimurium strains ta1535, 1537, 98, 100, and 102 and escherichia coli strain wp2 uv ... | 2000 | 10992277 |
| g-protein sensitivity of ligand binding to human dopamine d(2) and d(3) receptors expressed in escherichia coli: clues for a constrained d(3) receptor structure. | human dopamine d(2) and d(3) receptors were expressed in chinese hamster ovary (cho) and escherichia coli cells to compare their ligand binding properties in the presence or absence of g-proteins and to analyze their ability to interact with g(i/o)-proteins. binding affinities of agonists (dopamine, 7-oh-dpat, pd128907, lisuride) and antagonists/inverse agonists (haloperidol, risperidone, domperidone, spiperone, raclopride, nemonapride), measured using [(125)i]iodosulpride and [(3)h]7-oh-dpat, w ... | 2000 | 10991990 |
| plasmid-mediated florfenicol resistance encoded by the flor gene in escherichia coli isolated from cattle. | a florfenicol resistance gene almost identical to flor of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium dt104 was detected on 110- to 125-kb plasmids in escherichia coli isolates of animal origin. analysis of the flor gene flanking regions of one of the plasmids showed that they were different from those encountered in s. enterica serovar typhimurium dt104. | 2000 | 10991873 |
| evaluation of 1.6% phenol as a premilking and postmilking teat dip in preventing new bovine intramammary infections. | we evaluated the effectiveness of a 1.6% phenol-based teat dip using both a teat skin assay and natural exposure field trial. a teat skin assay was conducted to ascertain the concentration of phenol + phenate to be used in the field study. one percent and 0.5% iodine, and 0.5, 1.1, and 1.6% phenol + phenate were compared using escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus. logarithmic reductions for s. aureus were 2.2 and 2.8 for 0.5 and 1% iodine, and 1.3, 2.1, and 2.8 for 0.5, 1.1, and 1.6% pheno ... | 2000 | 10984151 |
| frequency of shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli in cattle at a breeding farm and at a slaughterhouse in japan. | to investigate the frequency of shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec) infected calves at a breeding farm and cattle at a slaughterhouse in tohoku area of japan, the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was used for detection of genes for shiga toxin(s). the fecal samples from a total of 204 calves and 306 cattle were examined. the prevalence rates in calves less than 2 months of age, cattle 2-8 months of age, and adults greater than 1 year of age were 39.4, 78.9, and 40.8%, respectively. dete ... | 2000 | 10973705 |
| shiga-toxin-producing escherichia coli in faeces of healthy dairy cows, sheep and goats: prevalence and virulence properties. | the prevalence of shiga-toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec) in healthy dairy ruminants was investigated between 1996 and 1998 by a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (mpcr) technique. a total of 13 552 e. coli colonies from 726 cows, 28 sheep and 93 goats out of 112 randomly selected dairy farms in hessia, germany were analysed. stec strains were recovered from 131 (18.0%) cows, nine (32.1%) sheep and 70 (75.3%) goats. further characterization of the stec isolates showed that 89 (0.66% of t ... | 2000 | 10972729 |
| fad insertion is essential for attaining the assembly competence of the dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (e3) monomer from escherichia coli. | dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (e3) from escherichia coli, an fad-linked homodimer, can be fully reconstituted in vitro following denaturation in 6 m guanidinium chloride. complete restoration of activity occurs within 1-2 h in the presence of fad, dithiothreitol, and bovine serum albumin. in the absence of fad, the dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase monomer forms a stable folding intermediate, which is incapable of dimerization. this intermediate displays a similar tryptic resistance to the native ... | 2000 | 10970889 |
| cattle can be a reservoir of sorbitol-fermenting shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli o157:h(-) strains and a source of human diseases. | using the immunomagnetic separation procedure, we isolated sorbitol-fermenting (sf) shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec) o157:h(-) strains from two patients, one with hemolytic-uremic syndrome and the other with diarrhea, and from a dairy cow epidemiologically associated with the patients. the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of all isolates were identical or closely related. moreover, the bovine isolate showed a clonal relatedness to sf stec o157:h(-) strains isolated from pati ... | 2000 | 10970407 |
| contribution of dps to acid stress tolerance and oxidative stress tolerance in escherichia coli o157:h7. | an escherichia coli o157:h7 dps::npti mutant (frik 47991) was generated, and its survival was compared to that of the parent in hcl (synthetic gastric fluid, ph 1.8) and hydrogen peroxide (15 mm) challenges. the survival of the mutant in log phase (5-h culture) was significantly impaired (4-log(10)-cfu/ml reduction) compared to that of the parent strain (ca. 1.0-log(10)-cfu/ml reduction) after a standard 3-h acid challenge. early-stationary-phase cells (12-h culture) of the mutant decreased by c ... | 2000 | 10966408 |
| immunological aspects of pregnancy-associated glycoproteins. | the incidence of severe cases of acute e. coli mastitis in dairy cows is highest during early lactation. this phenomenon has been associated with a decreased function and decreased numbers of circulating polymorphonuclear neutrophil leukocytes (pmn). the cause of this impaired function and decreased number is poorly understood. stress, hormonal and metabolic alterations around parturition and the onset of lactation may play a role in this phenomenon. several molecules, such as cortisol and beta- ... | 2000 | 10959437 |
| a pollen-specific novel calmodulin-binding protein with tetratricopeptide repeats. | calcium is essential for pollen germination and pollen tube growth. a large body of information has established a link between elevation of cytosolic ca(2+) at the pollen tube tip and its growth. since the action of ca(2+) is primarily mediated by ca(2+)-binding proteins such as calmodulin (cam), identification of cam-binding proteins in pollen should provide insights into the mechanisms by which ca(2+) regulates pollen germination and tube growth. in this study, a cam-binding protein from maize ... | 2000 | 10956642 |
| overexpression, purification, and characterization of bacillus subtilis n-acetylmuramoyl-l-alanine amidase cwlc. | n-acetylmuramoyl-l-alanine amidase cwlc of bacillus subtilis was overproduced in escherichia coli and purified 21-fold. the amidase hydrolyzed type a cell walls such as b. subtilis. the amidase bound slightly to the microbacterium lacticum cell wall (type b), but did not entirely hydrolyze it. the presence of calcium or magnesium ion increased the resistance of the amidase to heat denaturation. | 2000 | 10945275 |
| expression and characterization of e. coli-produced soluble, functional human dihydroorotate dehydrogenase: a potential target for immunosuppression. | human dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (hudhodh) is essential for de novo biosynthesis of pyrimidines and the target of two immunosuppressive drugs, brequinar and the leflunomide metabolite a77-1726 (chen et al., 1992; davis et al., 1996). using a t7 rna polymerase expression system, we produced hudhodh as a fusion protein containing an amino-terminal decahistidine tag. escherichia coli growth and expression conditions were optimized to enhance hudhodh solubility and to permit purification of the en ... | 1999 | 10941801 |
| enterohaemorrhagic escherichia coli o157:h7 target peyer's patches in humans and cause attaching/effacing lesions in both human and bovine intestine. | enterohaemorrhagic escherichia coli (ehec) constitute a significant risk to human health worldwide, and infections, particularly with serogroup o157:h7, are associated with consumption of a variety of food and water vehicles, particularly food of bovine origin. ehec cause acute gastroenteritis, bloody diarrhoea, and haemorrhagic colitis; up to 10% of cases develop severe complications, including the haemolytic uraemic syndrome, with a 5% case fatality. a virulence characteristic of enteropathoge ... | 2000 | 10940275 |