Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
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| a type b feruloyl esterase from aspergillus nidulans with broad ph applicability. | a hypothetical protein an1772.2 of aspergillus nidulans was found to have a 56% identity with a known type c ferulic acid esterase (fae) from talaromyces stipitatus. in addition, it contained a 13-amino acid conserved region flanking the characteristic g-x-s-x-g motif of a serine esterase, suggesting a fae function for the protein. the putative fae was successfully cloned from the genomic dna and expressed in saccharomyces cerevisiae. the recombinant protein exhibited high fae activities. theref ... | 2007 | 17043824 |
| isolation of cell wall mutants in aspergillus nidulans by screening for hypersensitivity to calcofluor white. | as a first step toward identifying novel genes of wall metabolism in filamentous fungi, we have screened a collection of aspergillus nidulans mutants for strains exhibiting hypersensitivity toward the chitin binding agent calcofluor white (cfw). this strategy has been used previously to identify cell wall mutants in saccharomyces cerevisiae. we have identified 10 mutants representing eight loci, designated cala through calh, for calcofluor hypersensitivity. all cal mutants are impaired for sporu ... | 2006 | 17040069 |
| discovery of aspoquinolones a-d, prenylated quinoline-2-one alkaloids from aspergillus nidulans, motivated by genome mining. | motivated by the observation that the aspergillus nidulans genome bears multiple anthranilic acid synthase gene copies, the fungal metabolome was reinvestigated under various fermentation conditions, resulting in the discovery of novel prenylated quinolin-2-one alkaloids, two of which bear unprecedented terpenoid side chains. | 2006 | 17036148 |
| expression profile of amylolytic genes in aspergillus nidulans. | aspergillus nidulans possessed 16 putative amylolytic genes consisting of 7 alpha-glucosidase (agda-f), 7 alpha-amylase (amya-f), and 2 glucoamylase (glaa and b) genes on the genome. among them, the agda, agdb, agde, agdf, amya, amyb, amyf, and glab genes were induced by isomaltose. amyr, a zn(ii)(2)cys(6) transcription factor, was required for the induction. the isomaltose-inducible genes possessed at least one consensus sequence for amyr binding, 5'-cggn(8)cgg, on each promoter region. none of ... | 2006 | 17031028 |
| transcriptome analysis of aspergillus nidulans exposed to camptothecin-induced dna damage. | we have used an aspergillus nidulans macroarray carrying sequences of 2,787 genes from this fungus to monitor gene expression of both wild-type and uvsb(atr) (the homologue of the atr gene) deletion mutant strains in a time course exposure to camptothecin (cpt). the results revealed a total of 1,512 and 1,700 genes in the wild-type and uvsb(atr) deletion mutant strains that displayed a statistically significant difference at at least one experimental time point. we characterized six genes that h ... | 2006 | 17030995 |
| the intracellular siderophore ferricrocin is involved in iron storage, oxidative-stress resistance, germination, and sexual development in aspergillus nidulans. | iron is required by most organisms, but an excess of this metal is potentially toxic. consequently, uptake and intracellular storage of iron are tightly controlled. the filamentous fungus a. nidulans lacks the iron storage compound ferritin but possesses an intracellular siderophore, which is accumulated in a highly regulated manner as iron-free desferri-ferricrocin or iron-containing ferricrocin via transcriptional regulation of the nonribosomal peptide synthetase sidc. biosynthesis of desferri ... | 2006 | 17030991 |
| upstream and downstream regulation of asexual development in aspergillus fumigatus. | the opportunistic human pathogen aspergillus fumigatus produces a large quantity of asexual spores (conidia), which are the primary agent causing invasive aspergillosis in immunocompromised patients. we investigated the mechanisms controlling asexual sporulation (conidiation) in a. fumigatus via examining functions of four key regulators, gpaa (galpha), afflba (rgs), afflug, and afbrla, previously studied in aspergillus nidulans. expression analyses of gpaa, afflba, afflug, afbrla, and afweta th ... | 2006 | 17030990 |
| a point mutation in the aspergillus nidulans sonbnup98 nuclear pore complex gene causes conditional dna damage sensitivity. | the nuclear pore complex (npc) is embedded in the nuclear envelope where it mediates transport between the cytoplasm and nucleus and helps to organize nuclear architecture. we previously isolated sonb1, a mutation encoding a single amino acid substitution within the aspergillus nidulans sonbnnup98 npc protein (nucleoporin). here we demonstrate that this mutation causes marked dna damage sensitivity at 42 degrees . although sonbnnup98 has roles in the g2 transition, we demonstrate that the g2 dna ... | 2006 | 17028324 |
| role of microtubules in tip growth of fungi. | polarized cell growth is observed ubiquitously in all living organisms. tip growth of filamentous fungi serves as a typical model for polar growth. it is well known that the actin cytoskeleton plays a central role in cellular growth. in contrast, the role of microtubules in polar growth of fungal tip cells has not been critically addressed. our recent study, using a green fluorescent protein (gfp)-labeled tubulin-expressing strain of the filamentous fungus aspergillus nidulans and treatment with ... | 2007 | 17021934 |
| opposing signals differentially regulate transcript stability in aspergillus nidulans. | a good model for gene regulation, requiring the organism to monitor a complex and changing environment and respond in a precise and rapid way, is nitrogen metabolism in aspergillus nidulans. this involves co-ordinated expression of hundreds of genes, many dependent on the transcription factor area, which monitors the nitrogen state of the cell. area activity is in part modulated by differential degradation of its transcript in response to intracellular glutamine. here we report that glutamine tr ... | 2006 | 17020584 |
| glucose-mediated repression of autolysis and conidiogenesis in emericella nidulans. | glucose-mediated repression of autolysis and sporulation was studied in submerged emericellanidulans (anam. aspergillus nidulans) cultures. null mutation of the crea gene, which encodes the major carbon catabolite repressor crea in e. nidulans, resulted in a hyperautolytic phenotype characterized by increased extracellular hydrolase production and dry cell mass declination. interestingly, glucose, as well as the glucose antimetabolite 2-deoxy-d-glucose, repressed autolysis and sporulation in bot ... | 2006 | 17018254 |
| efficacy of caspofungin against aspergillus flavus, aspergillus terreus, and aspergillus nidulans. | the echinocandin caspofungin is a potent inhibitor of the activity of 1,3-beta-d-glucan synthase from aspergillus flavus, aspergillus terreus, and aspergillus nidulans. in murine models of disseminated infection, caspofungin prolonged survival and reduced the kidney fungal burden. caspofungin was at least as effective as amphotericin b against these filamentous fungi in vivo. | 2006 | 17015628 |
| site-directed mutagenesis of selected residues at the active site of aryl-alcohol oxidase, an h2o2-producing ligninolytic enzyme. | aryl-alcohol oxidase provides h(2)o(2) for lignin biodegradation, a key process for carbon recycling in land ecosystems that is also of great biotechnological interest. however, little is known of the structural determinants of the catalytic activity of this fungal flavoenzyme, which oxidizes a variety of polyunsaturated alcohols. different alcohol substrates were docked on the aryl-alcohol oxidase molecular structure, and six amino acid residues surrounding the putative substrate-binding site w ... | 2006 | 16999821 |
| novel mitogen-activated protein kinase mpkc of aspergillus fumigatus is required for utilization of polyalcohol sugars. | the genome of aspergillus fumigatus has four genes that encode mitogen-activated protein kinases (mapks), saka/hoga, mpka, mpkb, and mpkc. the functions of the mpkb and mpkc mapks are unknown for a. fumigatus and the closely related and genetically amenable species aspergillus nidulans. mpkc deletion mutants of a. fumigatus were made and their phenotypes characterized. the mpkc deletion mutants were viable and had normal conidial germination and hyphal growth on minimal or complete media. this i ... | 2006 | 16998074 |
| identification and comparative analysis of sixteen fungal peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase repertoires. | the peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase (ppiase) class of proteins is present in all known eukaryotes, prokaryotes, and archaea, and it is comprised of three member families that share the ability to catalyze the cis/trans isomerisation of a prolyl bond. some fungi have been used as model systems to investigate the role of ppiases within the cell, however how representative these repertoires are of other fungi or humans has not been fully investigated. | 2006 | 16995943 |
| application of electron tomography to fungal ultrastructure studies. | access to structural information at the nanoscale enables fundamental insights into many complex biological systems. the development of the transmission electron microscope (tem) has vastly increased our understanding of multiple biological systems. however, when attempting to visualize and understand the organizational and functional complexities that are typical of cells and tissues, the standard 2-d analyses that tem affords often fall short. in recent years, high-resolution electron tomograp ... | 2006 | 16995909 |
| systematic deletion and mitotic localization of the nuclear pore complex proteins of aspergillus nidulans. | to define the extent of the modification of the nuclear pore complex (npc) during aspergillus nidulans closed mitosis, a systematic analysis of nuclear transport genes has been completed. thirty genes have been deleted defining 12 nonessential and 18 essential genes. several of the nonessential deletions caused conditional phenotypes and self-sterility, whereas deletion of some essential genes caused defects in nuclear structure. live cell imaging of endogenously tagged npc proteins (nups) revea ... | 2006 | 16987955 |
| the aspergillus fumigatus cellobiohydrolase b (cbhb) promoter is tightly regulated and can be exploited for controlled protein expression and rnai. | the utility of the aspergillus fumigatus cellobiohydrolase cbhb promoter for controlled gene expression has been investigated. cbhb message was present at high levels in the presence of carboxymethylcellulose and undetected in the presence of glucose. a reporter construct using the cbhb promoter showed similar behaviour and gave lower message levels than the aspergillus nidulans alca promoter under repressing conditions. an rnai construct driven by the cbhb promoter was used to down-regulate the ... | 2006 | 16984401 |
| calmodulin concentrates at the apex of growing hyphae and localizes to the spitzenkörper in aspergillus nidulans. | the calmodulin (cam) localization pattern in the growing hyphal tip of aspergillus nidulans was studied with the functional gfp::cam fusion protein. a faint tip-high gradient of cam was found in the growing hyphal tip, with cam highly localized in the region corresponding to the spitzenkörper forming a bright granule. the position of highly concentrated cam in the extreme apex seemed to determine the orientation of the hypha. the normal pattern of cam localization was also shown to be dependent ... | 2006 | 16983484 |
| the aspergillus nidulans rcoa gene is required for vea-dependent sexual development. | the aspergillus nidulans rcoadelta mutant exhibits growth and developmental defects. we show that the rcoadelta mutant lacks cleistothecia and is self-sterile. in crosses with wild-type strains, rcoadelta nuclei do not contribute to the cleistothecial walls. furthermore, sexual development resulting from vea overexpression is rcoa dependent, indicating that rcoa lies downstream of vea in the sexual development pathway. | 2006 | 16980390 |
| suppression of the acuh13 and acuh31 nonsense mutations in the carnitine/acylcarnitine translocase (acuh) gene of aspergillus nidulans by the g265s substitution in the domain 2 of the release factor erf1. | a search for suppressors of the carnitine/acylcarnitine translocase (cact) deficiency in aspergillus nidulans permitted the identification of the suae7 mutation, mapping at a new translational suppressor (suae) gene. the suae gene is essential in a. nidulans and encodes the eukaryotic release factor 1 (erf1). the suae7 mutation suppresses two acuh alleles (acuh13 and acuh31), both carrying nonsense mutations in the cact encoding gene that involve the replacement of a cag (gln) codon with a prema ... | 2007 | 16971148 |
| secondary metabolic gene cluster silencing in aspergillus nidulans. | in contrast to most primary metabolism genes, the genes involved in secondary metabolism and certain nutrient utilization pathways are clustered in fungi. recently a nuclear protein, laea, was found to be required for the transcription of several secondary metabolite gene clusters in aspergillus nidulans. here we show that laea regulation does not extend to nutrient utilization or the spoc1 sporulation clusters. one of the secondary metabolite clusters regulated by laea contains the positive reg ... | 2006 | 16968230 |
| evidence for novel ph-dependent regulation of candida albicans rim101, a direct transcriptional repressor of the cell wall beta-glycosidase phr2. | candida albicans is a commensal fungus of mucosal surfaces that can cause disease in susceptible hosts. one aspect of the success of c. albicans as both a commensal and a pathogen is its ability to adapt to diverse environmental conditions, including dramatic variations in environmental ph. the response to a neutral-to-alkaline ph change is controlled by the rim101 signal transduction pathway. in neutral-to-alkaline environments, the zinc finger transcription factor rim101 is activated by the pr ... | 2006 | 16963637 |
| nonsense-mediated mrna decay mutation in aspergillus nidulans. | an aspergillus nidulans mutation, designated nmda1, has been selected as a partial suppressor of a frameshift mutation and shown to truncate the homologue of the saccharomyces cerevisiae nonsense-mediated mrna decay (nmd) surveillance component nmd2p/upf2p. nmda1 elevates steady-state levels of premature termination codon-containing transcripts, as demonstrated using mutations in genes encoding xanthine dehydrogenase (hxa), urate oxidase (uaz), the transcription factor mediating regulation of ge ... | 2006 | 16963627 |
| phylogenomic analysis of non-ribosomal peptide synthetases in the genus aspergillus. | fungi from the genus aspergillus are important saprophytes and opportunistic human fungal pathogens that contribute in these and other diverse ways to human well-being. part of their impact on human well-being stems from the production of small molecular weight secondary metabolites, which may contribute to the ability of these fungi to cause invasive fungal infections and allergic diseases. in this study, we identified one group of enzymes responsible for secondary metabolite production in five ... | 2006 | 16962256 |
| posaconazole for treatment of refractory invasive fungal disease. | invasive fungal infections are usually associated with immunocompromised states about 40-60% of these patients are refractory to standard antifungal therapy we describe the effect of posaconazole in the treatment of a 12 years-old girl with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus with life-threatening cerebral mucor mycosis and a 4 year old girl boy with chronic granulomatous disease presenting with invasive aspergillus nidulans infection. | 2006 | 16961581 |
| plant growth-promoting methylobacterium induces defense responses in groundnut (arachis hypogaea l.) compared with rot pathogens. | this study, framed in two different phases, studied the plant-growth promotion and the induction of systemic resistance in groundnut by methylobacterium. seed imbibition with methylobacterium sp. increased germination by 19.5% compared with controls. combined inoculation of methylobacterium sp. with rhizobium sp. also significantly increased plant growth, nodulation, and yield attributes in groundnut compared with individual inoculation of rhizobium sp. methylobacterium sp. challenge-inoculated ... | 2006 | 16941245 |
| a caps test allowing a rapid distinction of penicillium expansum among fungal species collected on grape berries, inferred from the sequence and secondary structure of the mitochondrial ssu-rrna. | penicillium expansum is a fungal species highly damageable for the postharvest conservation of numerous fruits. in vineyards, this fungus is sometimes isolated from grape berries where its presence may lead to the production of geosmin, a powerful earthy odorant, which can impair grapes and wines aromas. however, the discrimination of p. expansum from related fungi is difficult because it is based on ambiguous phenotypic characters and/or expensive and time-consuming molecular tests. in this con ... | 2006 | 16935376 |
| investigation of the functional properties and regulation of three glutamine synthetase-like genes in streptomyces coelicolor a3(2). | streptomyces coelicolor a3(2) has three additional glna-type genes besides the glutamine synthetase genes glna (encoding gsi) and glnii (encoding gsii). the aim of this work was to characterize their functional properties and regulation. sequence analyses revealed that glna2, glna3, and glna4 are dissimilar to s. coelicolor gsi and lack highly conserved amino acid residues involved in catalysis. in heterologous expression experiments, glna2, glna3, and glna4, in contrast to glna and glnii, were ... | 2006 | 16932908 |
| the first transmembrane segment (tms1) of uapa contains determinants necessary for expression in the plasma membrane and purine transport. | uapa, a member of the nat/ncs2 family, is a high affinity, high capacity, uric acid-xanthine/h+ symporter in aspergillus nidulans. determinants critical for substrate binding and transport lie in a highly conserved signature motif downstream from tms8 and within tms12. here we examine the role of tms1 in uapa biogenesis and function. first, using a mutational analysis, we studied the role of a short motif (q85h86), conserved in all nats. q85 mutants were cryosensitive, decreasing (q85l, q85n, q8 ... | 2006 | 16923727 |
| comparative kinetic analysis of azga and fcy21p, prototypes of the two major fungal hypoxanthine-adenine-guanine transporter families. | in fungi, uptake of salvageable purines is carried out by members of two evolutionarily distinct protein families, the purine-related transporters (prt/ncs1) and the azga-like transporters. we carried out a comparative kinetic analysis of two prototypes of these transporter families. the first was fcy21p, a herein characterized protein of candida albicans, and the second was azga, a transporter of aspergillus nidulans. our results showed that: (i) azga and fcy21p are equally efficient high-affin ... | 2006 | 16923723 |
| aspergillus genomes: secret sex and the secrets of sex. | the genomic sequences of three species of aspergillus, including the model organism a. nidulans (which is homothallic: having no differentiated mating types, a strain being able to cross with itself), suggest that a. fumigatus and a. oryzae, considered to be asexual, might in fact be heterothallic (having two differentiated mating types, a strain being able to cross only with strains of opposite mating type). the genomic data have implications for the understanding of the evolution and the mecha ... | 2006 | 16911845 |
| cloning, sequence analysis and heterologous expression of the myrothecium gramineum orotidine-5'-monophosphate decarboxylase gene. | a 2918 bp sequence coding for the orotidine-5'-monophosphate decarboxylase enzyme (ompd) was isolated from the genome of myrothecium gramineum. this sequence was analysed and, remarkably, it is the first ompd gene of a sordariomycete that has an intron. the gene codes for an enzyme of 282 amino acids. the nucleotide sequence and the amino acid sequence were compared with fungal ompd sequences. they show the highest similarity to ompd genes and enzymes of aspergillus sp., penicillium sp. and clad ... | 2006 | 16907730 |
| fungal metabolic model for tyrosinemia type 3: molecular characterization of a gene encoding a 4-hydroxy-phenyl pyruvate dioxygenase from aspergillus nidulans. | mutations in the human hpd gene (encoding 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid dioxygenase) cause hereditary tyrosinemia type 3 (ht3). we deleted the aspergillus nidulans homologue (hpda). we showed that the mutant strain is not able to grow in the presence of phenylalanine and that it accumulates increased concentrations of tyrosine and 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid, mimicking the human ht3 phenotype. | 2006 | 16896227 |
| fungal surface remodelling visualized by atomic force microscopy. | most fungal growth is localized to the tips of hyphae, however, early stages of spore germination and the growth of certain morphological mutant strains exhibit non-polarized expansion. we used atomic force microscopy (afm) to document changes in aspergillus nidulans wall surfaces during non-polarized growth: spore germination, and growth in a strain containing the hypa1 temperature sensitive morphogenesis defect. we compared wall surface structures of both wild-type and mutant a. nidulans follo ... | 2006 | 16891105 |
| nmr metabolic profiling of aspergillus nidulans to monitor drug and protein activity. | we describe a general protocol for using comparative nmr metabolomics data to infer in vivo efficacy, specificity and toxicity of chemical leads within a drug discovery program. the methodology is demonstrated using aspergillus nidulans to monitor the activity of urate oxidase and orotidine-5'-phosphate decarboxylase and the impact of 8-azaxanthine, an inhibitor of urate oxidase. 8-azaxanthine is shown to inhibit a. nidulans hyphal growth by in vivo inactivation of urate oxidase. | 2006 | 16889413 |
| generation and analysis of expressed sequence tags from botrytis cinerea. | botrytis cinerea is a filamentous plant pathogen of a wide range of plant species, and its infection may cause enormous damage both during plant growth and in the post-harvest phase. we have constructed a cdna library from an isolate of b. cinerea and have sequenced 11,482 expressed sequence tags that were assembled into 1,003 contigs sequences and 3,032 singletons. approximately 81% of the unigenes showed significant similarity to genes coding for proteins with known functions: more than 50% of ... | 2006 | 16874411 |
| parasexuality in asexual development mutants of aspergillus nidulans. | the parasexual cycle with parameiosis has been characterized previously by the occurrence of genetic recombination and haploidization inside heterokaryotic hyphae prior to conidial formation. the aim of current research was to characterize, through genetic and cytological analyses, an asexual development mutant strain of a. nidulans and to use it to obtain parameiotic segregants. analyses showed the medusa phenotype of the b84 strain, whose mutant allele was mapped in the chromosome i. the heter ... | 2006 | 16874405 |
| arugosins g and h: prenylated polyketides from the marine-derived fungus emericellanidulans var. acristata. | the fungus emericella nidulans var. acristata was isolated as an endophyte from a mediterranean green alga. cultivation of this fungus yielded two new compounds, arugosins g (1) and h (2), together with the known metabolites 3-9. arugosins (1-4) are benzophenone derivatives, biosynthetically related to the xanthones 5, 6, and 9. the indole alkaloid 7 displayed antitumor activity in a panel of 36 human tumor cell lines, exhibiting a mean ic(50) value of 5.5 microg/ml in an in vitro survival and p ... | 2006 | 16872131 |
| nudc is required for plk1 targeting to the kinetochore and chromosome congression. | the equal distribution of chromosomes during mitosis is critical for maintaining the integrity of the genome. essential to this process are the capture of spindle microtubules by kinetochores and the congression of chromosomes to the metaphase plate . polo-like kinase 1 (plk1) is a mitotic kinase that has been implicated in microtubule-kinetochore attachment, tension generation at kinetochores, tension-responsive signal transduction, and chromosome congression . the tension-sensitive substrates ... | 2006 | 16860740 |
| development and application of a suite of polysaccharide-degrading enzymes for analyzing plant cell walls. | to facilitate analysis of plant cell wall polysaccharide structure and composition, we cloned 74 genes encoding polysaccharide-degrading enzymes from aspergillus nidulans, aspergillus fumigatus, and neurospora crassa and expressed the genes as secreted proteins with c-terminal myc and 6x his tags. most of the recombinant enzymes were active in enzyme assays, and optima for ph and temperature were established. a subset of the enzymes was used to fragment polysaccharides from the irregular xylem 9 ... | 2006 | 16844780 |
| interactions between iron availability, aluminium toxicity and fungal siderophores. | the influence of iron, aluminium and of the combined application of both metals on microbial biomass and production of siderophores by three fungi (aspergillus nidulans, neurospora crassa and hymenoscyphus ericae) were investigated. all three species showed a strong iron regulation and al-sensitivity of siderophore biosynthesis although several differences remained species dependent. inhibitory effects of fe and al on siderophore-production were additive and the higher binding capacity of sidero ... | 2006 | 16841246 |
| the aspergillus nidulans f-box protein grra links scf activity to meiosis. | cellular differentiation relies on precise and controlled means of gene expression that act on several levels to ensure a flexible and defined spatio-temporal expression of a given gene product. in our aim to identify transcripts enriched during fruiting body formation of the homothallic ascomycete aspergillus (emericella) nidulans, the grra gene could be identified in a negative subtraction hybridization screening procedure. it encodes a protein similar to fungal f-box proteins, which function ... | 2006 | 16824096 |
| use of laccase as a novel, versatile reporter system in filamentous fungi. | laccases are copper-containing enzymes which oxidize phenolic substrates and transfer the electrons to oxygen. many filamentous fungi contain several laccase-encoding genes, but their biological roles are mostly not well understood. the main interest in laccases in biotechnology is their potential to be used to detoxify phenolic substances. we report here on a novel application of laccases as a reporter system in fungi. we purified a laccase enzyme from the ligno-cellulolytic ascomycete stachybo ... | 2006 | 16820501 |
| structure, organization, and transcriptional regulation of a family of copper radical oxidase genes in the lignin-degrading basidiomycete phanerochaete chrysosporium. | the white rot basidiomycete phanerochaete chrysosporium produces an array of nonspecific extracellular enzymes thought to be involved in lignin degradation, including lignin peroxidases, manganese peroxidases, and the h2o2-generating copper radical oxidase, glyoxal oxidase (glx). preliminary analysis of the p. chrysosporium draft genome had identified six sequences with significant similarity to glx and designated cro1 through cro6. the predicted mature protein sequences diverge substantially fr ... | 2006 | 16820482 |
| mutants of aspergillus nidulans affected in asexual development. | 2006 | 16809845 | |
| a phe389leu substitution in erga confers terbinafine resistance in aspergillus fumigatus. | replacement of phenylalanine with leucine at position 391 in squalene epoxidase was identified as being responsible for terbinafine resistance in mutants of aspergillus nidulans. the equivalent mutation was engineered into the erga gene of aspergillus fumigatus, resulting in an f389l substitution that also conferred resistance to this pathogenic mold. | 2006 | 16801438 |
| lipid signaling in pathogenic fungi. | recent studies have highlighted the importance of lipid signaling molecules in the development and pathogenicity of clinically important fungi. in cryptococcus neoformans, sphingolipid-derived diacylglycerol has been shown to induce the transcription of the putative virulence factor app1, which inhibits the phagocytosis of fungal cells by alveolar macrophages, as well as to activate the protein kinase c pkc1, which promotes cell-wall stability and increased melanin production. in candida albican ... | 2006 | 16798065 |
| a phosphoglucose isomerase mutant in aspergillus nidulans is defective in hyphal polarity and conidiation. | upon germination aspergillus nidulans swom1 exhibits abnormal development by extending a primary germ tube that quickly reverts to isotropic growth and results in an enlarged, swollen apex with pronounced wall thickenings. apical lysis occurs in 38% of the germlings. a point mutation in the an6037.3 gene encoding the only phosphoglucose isomerase in a. nidulans is responsible for the defect. loss of polarity is bypassed when glucose is replaced with alternate carbon sources but in all cases the ... | 2006 | 16798030 |
| chemical characterization and quantification of siderophores produced by marine and terrestrial aspergilli. | ten aspergilli (five each from marine and terrestrial habitats) were screened for siderophore production. all test isolates produced siderophores as indicated by a positive reaction in the fecl(3) test, chrome azurol sulphonate assay, and chrome azurol sulphonate agar plate test. further, the test isolates were compared for their siderophore production potential and chemical characteristics. examination of the chemical nature of the siderophores revealed that all test isolates produced hydroxama ... | 2006 | 16788730 |
| consecutive gene deletions in aspergillus nidulans: application of the cre/loxp system. | the ability to perform multiple gene deletions is an important tool for conducting functional genomics. we report the development of a sequential gene deletion protocol for the filamentous fungus aspergillus nidulans using the cre/loxp recombinase system of bacteriophage p1. a recyclable genetic marker has been constructed by incorporating loxp direct repeats either side of the neurospora crassa pyr-4 gene (encodes orotidine 5'-monophosphate decarboxylase) which is able to complement the a. nidu ... | 2006 | 16783565 |
| the zn(ii)2cys6 putative transcription factor nosa controls fruiting body formation in aspergillus nidulans. | the filamentous fungus aspergillus nidulans reproduces asexually with conidiospores and sexually with ascospores, both of which are the result of complex morphogenetic pathways. the developmental decisions for both ways of reproduction largely depend on the action of stage-specific transcription factors. here we have characterized the putative zn(ii)(2)cys(6) transcription factor nosa (number of sexual spores), a protein of 675 aa, which shares 44% sequence identity to pro1 from sordaria macrosp ... | 2006 | 16780567 |
| reducing the cost of resistance; experimental evolution in the filamentous fungus aspergillus nidulans. | we have studied compensatory evolution in a fludioxonil resistant mutant of the filamentous fungus aspergillus nidulans. in an evolution experiment lasting for 27 weeks (about 3000 cell cycles) 35 parallel strains of this mutant evolved in three different environmental conditions. our results show a severe cost of resistance (56%) in the absence of fludioxonil and in all conditions the mutant strain was able to restore fitness without loss of the resistance. in several cases, the evolved strain ... | 2006 | 16780512 |
| the ambient ph response rim pathway in yarrowia lipolytica: identification of ylrim9 and characterization of its role in dimorphism. | yarrowia lipolytica is a dimorphic fungus that secretes either an acidic or an alkaline protease depending on the environmental ph. previous results have indicated that secretion of the alkaline protease is under control of the ph signaling pal/rim pathway originally described in aspergillus nidulans. several y. lipolytica mutants defective in some rim components of this pathway have been previously isolated and the rim genes characterized. in the present study, y. lipolytica rim9 (pali) gene (y ... | 2006 | 16775780 |
| outdoor environmental levels of aspergillus spp. conidia over a wide geographical area. | unfortunately, little information is available on the 'normal' air and water load of aspergillus spores and their seasonal changes. we describe the air and water load of aspergillus spores across the province of madrid (spain). we collected samples of air and water (332 samples of air and 148 of water) from selected points and taps (urban and rural environment) in summer, autumn, winter and spring. temperature, wind speed and humidity at each point were obtained. we collected a total of 369 aspe ... | 2006 | 16772229 |
| [diagnosis and treatment of aspergillosis in the patients with chronic granulomatous disease]. | chronic granulomatous disease is a rare defect of phagocytosis. increased susceptibility to infections is limited to catalase positive bacteria and fungi. aspergillus spp was reported as the increased clinical problem and the main cause of the deaths. | 2006 | 16758737 |
| functional characterization of aspergillus nidulans homologues of saccharomyces cerevisiae spa2 and bud6. | the importance of polarized growth for fungi has elicited significant effort directed at better understanding underlying mechanisms of polarization, with a focus on yeast systems. at sites of tip growth, multiple protein complexes assemble and coordinate to ensure that incoming building material reaches the appropriate destination sites, and polarized growth is maintained. one of these complexes is the polarisome that consists of spa2, bud6, pea2, and bni1 in saccharomyces cerevisiae. filamentou ... | 2006 | 16757736 |
| the fumitremorgin gene cluster of aspergillus fumigatus: identification of a gene encoding brevianamide f synthetase. | a gene encoding a putative dimodular nonribosomal peptide synthetase (nrps) was identified within a gene cluster of aspergillus fumigatus, a species reported to produce fumitremorgins and other prenylated alkaloids. the gene was deleted and overexpressed in the genome reference strain af293, and was also expressed in the naïve host aspergillus nidulans, which lacks the equivalent gene cluster. while neither fumitremorgins nor the dipeptide brevianamide f (cyclo-l-trp-l-pro), an early intermediat ... | 2006 | 16755625 |
| a mammalian nudc-like protein essential for dynein stability and cell viability. | cytoplasmic dynein, a minus-end-directed microtubule motor, has been implicated in many fundamental cellular processes; however, little is known regarding the underlying molecular machinery that regulates its stability. in aspergillus nidulans, nuclear distribution gene c (nudc) has been implicated in the regulation of dynein-mediated nuclear migration. here, we characterize a previously undescribed mammalian nudc-like protein (nudcl). the expression and phosphorylation of nudcl are increased du ... | 2006 | 16754861 |
| the distribution and evolutionary history of the prp8 intein. | we recently described a mini-intein in the prp8 gene of a strain of the basidiomycete cryptococcus neoformans, an important fungal pathogen of humans. this was the second described intein in the nuclear genome of any eukaryote; the first nuclear encoded intein was found in the vma gene of several saccharomycete yeasts. the evolution of eukaryote inteins is not well understood. in this report we describe additional prp8 inteins (bringing the total of these to over 20). we compare and contrast the ... | 2006 | 16737526 |
| heterotrimeric g protein signaling and rgss in aspergillus nidulans. | heterotrimeric g proteins (g proteins) are conserved in all eukaryotes and are crucial components sensing and relaying external cues into the cells to elicit appropriate physiological and biochemical responses. basic units of the heterotrimeric g protein signaling system include a g protein-coupled receptor (gpcr), a g protein composed of alpha, beta, and gamma subunits, and variety of effectors. sequential sensitization and activation of these g protein elements translates external signals into ... | 2006 | 16728950 |
| genomic and experimental evidence for a potential sexual cycle in the pathogenic thermal dimorphic fungus penicillium marneffei. | all meiotic genes (except hop1) and genes encoding putative pheromone processing enzymes, pheromone receptors and pheromone response pathways proteins in aspergillus fumigatus and aspergillus nidulans and a putative mat-1 alpha box mating-type gene were present in the penicillium marneffei genome. a putative mat-2 high-mobility group mating-type gene was amplified from a mat-1 alpha box mating-type gene-negative p. marneffei strain. among 37 p. marneffei patient strains, mat-1 alpha box and mat- ... | 2006 | 16714021 |
| transcriptional and bioinformatic analysis of the 56.8 kb dna region amplified in tandem repeats containing the penicillin gene cluster in penicillium chrysogenum. | high penicillin-producing strains of penicillium chrysogenum contain 6-14 copies of the three clustered structural biosynthetic genes, pcbab, pcbc, and pende [barredo, j.l., díez, b., alvarez, e., martín, j.f., 1989. large amplification of a 35-kb dna fragment carrying two penicillin biosynthetic genes in high penicillin producing strains of penicillium chrysogenum. curr. genet. 16, 453-459; smith, d.j., bull, j.h., edwards, j., turner, g., 1989. amplification of the isopenicillin n synthetase g ... | 2006 | 16713314 |
| an extract of morinda citrifolia interferes with the serum-induced formation of filamentous structures in candida albicans and inhibits germination of aspergillus nidulans. | an aqueous extract of morinda citrifolia was shown to interfere with the serum-induced morphological conversion of candida albicans from a cellular yeast to a filamentous form in vitro. the conversion of c. albicans from a cellular yeast to a filamentous form in vivo is associated with pathogenicity. no significant effect on growth in serum-free media was seen at the concentrations used to interfere with the morphological change. the same extract also inhibited the germination of apergillus nidu ... | 2006 | 16710899 |
| isolation, characterization, and disruption of dnr1, the area/nit-2-like nitrogen regulatory gene of the zoophilic dermatophyte, microsporum canis. | a homolog of the major nitrogen regulatory genes area from aspergillus nidulans and nit-2 from neurospora crassa was isolated from the zoophilic dermatophyte, microsporum canis. this gene, dnr1, encodes a polypeptide of 761 amino acid residues containing a single zinc-finger dna-binding domain, which is almost identical in amino acid sequence to the zinc-finger domains of area and nit-2. the functional equivalence of dnr1 to area was demonstrated by complementation of an area loss-of-function mu ... | 2006 | 16702104 |
| marker and promoter effects on heterologous expression in aspergillus nidulans. | to study the effects of selection marker, promoter type, and copy number on heterologous expression in aspergillus nidulans, strains were constructed with single- and multicopy plasmid integrations bearing a reporter gene (lacz) under the control of either an inducible (alca) or constitutive (gpda) promoter and one of three aspergillus nutritional marker genes (argb, trpc, or niad). beta-galactosidase activity in the transformants varied over three orders of magnitude, with the majority of level ... | 2006 | 16699756 |
| transcription analysis using high-density micro-arrays of aspergillus nidulans wild-type and crea mutant during growth on glucose or ethanol. | here, we describe how the recently published aspergillus nidulans genome sequence [galagan, j.e., calvo, s.e., cuomo, c., li-jun, m., wortman, j.r., et al., 2005. sequencing of aspergillus nidulans and comparative analysis with a. fumigatus and a. oryzae. nature 438 (7071), 1105-1115] was used to design a high-density oligo array with probes for 3,278 selected genes using the febit geniom one array system. for this purpose, the program oligowiz ii was used to design 24,125 probes to cover the 3, ... | 2006 | 16698295 |
| ambient ph signaling regulates expression of the serine protease gene (spr1) in pine wilt nematode-trapping fungus, monacrosporium megalosporum. | we have cloned and characterized spr1, a putative serine protease gene, from a nematode-trapping fungus, monacrosporium megalosporum. the gene was present as a single copy in the genome. the predicted protein sequence of spr1 is homologous to the putative cuticle-degrading serine proteases pii and azo1 from the nematode-trapping fungus, arthrobotrys oligospora. in the 5' untranslated region near the initiation codon, consensus sequences to an area binding site, a well-known mediator of nitrogen ... | 2008 | 16697631 |
| regulatory genes controlling fatty acid catabolism and peroxisomal functions in the filamentous fungus aspergillus nidulans. | the catabolism of fatty acids is important in the lifestyle of many fungi, including plant and animal pathogens. this has been investigated in aspergillus nidulans, which can grow on acetate and fatty acids as sources of carbon, resulting in the production of acetyl coenzyme a (coa). acetyl-coa is metabolized via the glyoxalate bypass, located in peroxisomes, enabling gluconeogenesis. acetate induction of enzymes specific for acetate utilization as well as glyoxalate bypass enzymes is via the zn ... | 2006 | 16682457 |
| identification and purification of a derepressible alkaline phosphatase from anacystis nidulans r2. | we have examined the increase in alkaline phosphatase activity in the cyanobacterium anacystis nidulans r2 upon phosphate deprivation. much of the activity is released into the medium when a. nidulans is osmotically shocked, indicating that the enzyme is located either in the periplasmic space or is loosely bound to the cell wall. the polypeptide associated with phosphatase activity has been identified as a single species of m(r) 160,000. several lines of evidence demonstrate that this polypepti ... | 1988 | 16666051 |
| action spectra for nitrate and nitrite assimilation in blue-green algae. | action spectra for the assimilation of nitrate and nitrite have been obtained for several blue-green algae (cyanobacteria) with different accessory pigment composition. the action spectra for both nitrate and nitrite utilization by nitrate-grown anacystis nidulans l-1402-1 cells exhibited a clear peak at about 620 nanometers, corresponding to photosystem ii (psii) c-phycocyanin absorption, the contribution of chlorophyll a (chl a) being barely detectable. the action spectrum for nitrate reductio ... | 1988 | 16666041 |
| the susceptibility of photosynthesis to photoinhibition and the capacity of recovery in high and low light grown cyanobacteria, anacystis nidulans. | the susceptibility of photosynthesis to photoinhibition and the rate of its recovery were studied in the cyanobacterium anacystis nidulans grown at a low (10 micromoles per square meter per second) and a high (120 micromoles per square meter per second) photosynthetically active radiation. the rate of light limited photosynthetic o(2) evolution was measured to determine levels of photoinhibition and rates of recovery. studies of photoinhibition and recovery with and without the translation inhib ... | 1987 | 16665264 |
| biosynthesis of a 42-kd polypeptide in the cytoplasmic membrane of the cyanobacterium anacystis nidulans strain r2 during adaptation to low co(2) concentration. | when cells of anacystis nidulans strain r2 grown under high co(2) conditions (3%) were transferred to low co(2) conditions (0.05%), their ability to accumulate inorganic carbon (c(i)) increased up to 8 times. cytoplasmic membranes (plasmalemma) isolated at various stages of low co(2) adaptation were analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. there was a marked increase of a 42-kilodalton polypeptide in the cytoplasmic membrane during adaptation; a linear relationship ... | 1986 | 16664655 |
| photoinhibition and reactivation of photosynthesis in the cyanobacterium anacystis nidulans. | the susceptibility of photosynthesis to photoinhibition and its recovery were studied on cultures of the cyanobacterium anacystis nidulans. oxygen evolution and low temperature fluorescence kinetics were measured. upon exposure to high light a. nidulans showed a rapid decrease in oxygen evolution followed by a quasi steady state rate of photosynthesis. this quasi steady state rate decreased with increasing photon flux density of the photoinhibitory light. reactivation of photosynthesis in dim li ... | 1985 | 16664559 |
| anacystis nidulans demonstrates a photosystem ii cation requirement satisfied only by ca or na. | anacystis nidulans exhibits a total loss of photosystem ii (psii) activity upon incubation in a nutrient medium deficient in ca(2+) and na(+) and containing a divalent cation chelator. this loss of activity is light-dependent, which corresponds to an energy requirement. likewise, ca(2+) efflux takes place only in cells incubated in light. the loss of psii activity is reversible by addition of submillimolar amounts of either ca(2+) or na(+) to the external medium but not by the addition of any ot ... | 1985 | 16664449 |
| characterization of the proton-translocating cytochrome c oxidase activity in the plasma membrane of intact anacystis nidulans spheroplasts. | intact spheroplasts of the cyanobacterium (blue-green alga) anacystis nidulans oxidized various exogenous c-type cytochromes with concomitant outward proton translocation while exogenous ferricytochrome c was not reduced. the h(+)/e(-) stoichiometry was close to 1 with each of the cytochromes and did not depend on the actual rate of the oxidase reaction. observed proton ejections were abolished by the uncoupler carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone. cyanide, azide, and carbon monoxide inhibit ... | 1984 | 16663770 |
| photochemical apparatus organization in anacystis nidulans (cyanophyceae) : effect of co(2) concentration during cell growth. | anacystis nidulans cells grown under high (3%) co(2) partial pressure have greater phycocyanin to chlorophyll ratio (phc/chl) relative to cells grown under low (0.2%) co(2) tension (eley (1971) plant cell physiol 12: 311-316). absorbance difference spectrophotometry of a. nidulans thylakoid membranes in the ultraviolet (deltaa(320)) and red (deltaa(700)) regions of the spectrum reveal photosystem ii/photosystem i (psii/psi) reaction center ratio (rcii/rci) changes that parallel those of phc/chl. ... | 1984 | 16663387 |
| chilling-susceptibility of the blue-green alga anacystis nidulans: iii. lipid phase of cytoplasmic membrane. | the lipid phase of cytoplasmic membrane was studied by freeze-fracture electron microscopy in the chilling-susceptible blue-green alga, anacystis nidulans. at growth temperatures, intramembrane particles were distributed at random in the fracture faces of cytoplasmic membrane, whereas, at chilling temperatures, the fracture faces were composed of particle-free and particle-containing regions. these findings indicate that lipids of the cytoplasmic membrane were in the liquid-crystalline state at ... | 1982 | 16662143 |
| chilling susceptibility of the blue-green alga anacystis nidulans: ii. stimulation of the passive permeability of cytoplasmic membrane at chilling temperatures. | potassium ions and amino acids were found to leak from the cytoplasm to the outer medium when the blue-green alga, anacystis nidulans, was exposed to the chilling temperatures. the leakage was marked below the critical temperature regions, the midpoint values for which were around 5 and 14 c in cells grown at 28 and 38 c, respectively. these temperature regions coincided with those critical for the susceptibility of the photosynthetic activities and the carotenoid absorption spectrum previously ... | 1981 | 16661623 |
| light harvesting in anacystis nidulans studied in pigment mutants. | spontaneous pigment mutants of anacystis nidulans were self-selected for improved growth in far red light (> 650 nanometers). questions were asked about those features of the light-harvesting mechanism which altered to give the mutants improved photosynthetic performance in far red. answers were sought by comparing pigment and reaction center concentrations for the parent and six mutants grown in gold fluorescent and in far red light. three significant results emerged. the ratio of reaction cent ... | 1980 | 16661593 |
| metabolism of delta-aminolevulinic acid in red and blue-green algae. | delta-aminolevulinic acid was incorporated in vivo into c-phycocyanin and b-phycoerythrin in two species of the rhodophyta (cyanidium caldarium, porphyridium cruentum) and three species of the cyanophyta (anacystis nidulans, plectonema boryanum, phormidium luridum). amino acid analysis of phycocyanin-(14)c from c. caldarium cells which had been incubated with delta-aminolevulinate-4-(14)c showed that 84% of the radioactivity incorporated was present in the phycocyanobilin chromophore and less th ... | 1975 | 16659103 |
| regulation of sulfate transport in filamentous fungi. | inorganic sulfate enters the mycelia of aspergillus nidulans, penicillium chrysogenum, and penicillium notatum by a temperature-, energy-, ph-, ionic strength-, and concentration-dependent transport system ("permease"). transport is unidirectional. in the presence of excess external sulfate, atp sulfurylase-negative mutants will accumulate inorganic sulfate intracellularly to a level of about 0.04 m. the intracellular sulfate can be retained against a concentration gradient. retention is not ene ... | 1970 | 16657536 |
| action spectra for photosystems i and ii in formaldehyde fixed algae. | action spectra were obtained for photosystems i and ii in chemically fixed algal cells and for photosystem i in unfixed lysozyme treated cells. untreated algal cells yielded neither of the 2 light reactions with the reaction mixtures used. the action spectra for photosystem i in the blue-green alga anacystis nidulans and red alga porphyridium cruentum follow the absorption spectrum of chlorophyll a with a small peak in the region of the accessory pigments. in the green alga chlorella pyrenoidosa ... | 1969 | 16657098 |
| the region in a subunit of the aspergillus ccaat-binding protein similar to the hap4p-recruiting domain of saccharomyces cerevisiae hap5p is not essential for transcriptional enhancement. | the ccaat-binding complex in aspergillus species, known as the hap complex, consists of at least three subunits, hapb, hapc, and hape. each hap subunit contains an evolutionarily conserved core domain. in this study, a series of the truncated gene, which encodes the hape subunit of aspergillus oryzae, was constructed to survey the regions essential for the transcriptional enhancement of fungal genes. it was revealed that the non-conserved regions and the conserved region similar to the hap4p rec ... | 2006 | 16636442 |
| isolation of mutations that bypass the requirement of the septation initiation network for septum formation and conidiation in aspergillus nidulans. | the kinase cascade of the septation initiation network (sin), first revealed in fission yeast, activates the contraction of the actomyosin ring, and plays an essential role in fungal septation. mob1p, an evolutionarily conserved sin protein, is associated with the most downstream kinase of this cascade in fission yeast. in this study, the moba gene encoding a homologous protein was isolated from the filamentous fungus aspergillus nidulans, whose mycelium is made of multinucleate cells. the moba ... | 2006 | 16624915 |
| microscopy reveals disease control through novel effects on fungal development: a case study with an early-generation benzophenone fungicide. | the benzophenones are a new class of agricultural fungicides that demonstrate protectant, curative and eradicative/antisporulant activity against powdery mildews. the chemistry is represented in the marketplace by the fungicide metrafenone, recently introduced by basf and discussed in the following paper. the benzophenones show no evidence of acting by previously identified biochemical mechanisms, nor do they show cross-resistance with existing fungicides. the value of microscopy in elucidating ... | 2006 | 16602068 |
| antimicrobial, wound healing and antioxidant activity of plagiochasma appendiculatum lehm. et lind. | plagiochasma appendiculatum (aytoniaceae) of the order marchantiales is widely used in the form of paste ethnomedicinally by gaddi tribe in kangra valley for treating skin diseases. in this context, antimicrobical potential of plagiochasma appendiculatum against a wide range of microorganisms was studied. to validate the ethnotherapeutic claims of the plant in skin diseases, wound healing activity was studied, besides antioxidant activity to understand the mechanism of wound healing activity. th ... | 2006 | 16600543 |
| protein kinase c (pkca) of aspergillus nidulans is involved in penicillin production. | the biosynthesis of the beta-lactam antibiotic penicillin in the filamentous fungus aspergillus nidulans is catalyzed by three enzymes that are encoded by the acva, ipna, and aata genes. a variety of cis-acting dna elements and regulatory factors form a complex regulatory network controlling these beta-lactam biosynthesis genes. regulators involved include the ccaat-binding complex ancf and anbh1. anbh1 acts as a repressor of the penicillin biosynthesis gene aata. until now, however, little info ... | 2006 | 16598003 |
| genetic transformation of the fungal pathogen responsible for rice blast disease. | the analysis of complex genetic determinants that control the ability of a fungus to colonize its host has been impaired by the lack of sophisticated genetic tools for characterizing important pathogens. we have developed a system for the genetic transformation of magnaporthe grisea, the causal agent of rice blast disease, to overcome this limitation. a m. grisea arginine auxotroph was shown to contain a mutation (arg3-12) that abolishes ornithine carbamoyltransferase activity. m. grisea strains ... | 1987 | 16593854 |
| a cosmid for selecting genes by complementation in aspergillus nidulans: selection of the developmentally regulated ya locus. | we constructed a 9.9-kilobase cloning vector, designated pkby2, for isolating genes by complementation of mutations in aspergillus nidulans. pkby2 contains the bacteriophage lambda cos site, to permit in vitro assembly of phage particles; a bacterial origin of replication and genes for resistance to ampicillin and chloramphenicol, to permit propagation in escherichia coli; the a. nidulans trpc(+) gene, to permit selection in aspergillus; and a unique bamhi restriction site, to permit insertion o ... | 1985 | 16593541 |
| molecular cloning and sequence analysis of the cyanobacterial gene for the large subunit of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase. | ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase consists of large subunits (ls) and small subunits. in plants, the ls is encoded in chloroplast dna and the small subunit, in nuclear dna. in cyanobacteria, both subunits are thought to be encoded in chromosomal dna because of prokaryotes. the gene for the ls of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase from a cyanobacterium, anacystis nidulans 6301, has been cloned in pbr322 and subjected to sequence analysis. the coding region contains 1,41 ... | 1983 | 16593333 |
| [recombinant aspergillus niger glucose oxidase expressed in trichoderma reesei]. | it was expected that recombinant aspergillus niger glucose oxidase could be expressed in trichoderma reesei with stable activity. t. reesei cbhi promoter--cbhi ss. gene--a. niger glucose oxidase gene--t. reesei cbhi terminator--a. nidulans gpd promoter--e. coli hygromycin b phosphotransferase gene--a. nidulans trpc terminator--puc19 (pcbhgod) vector was constructed in e. coli dh5alpha by pcr application and gene cloning methods. t. reesei qm9414 protoplast was transformed by t. reesei cbhi promo ... | 2006 | 16572845 |
| g-protein and camp-mediated signaling in aspergilli: a genomic perspective. | we have carried out an in silico exploration of the genomes of aspergillus nidulans, aspergillus fumigatus, and aspergillus oryzae, and identified components of g-protein/camp-mediated signaling. putative g-protein coupled receptors (gpcrs) were distributed over nine classes. the gpcrs within classes were well conserved among aspergilli but varied in other ascomycetes. as previously observed in a. nidulans and other fungi, three galpha, one gbeta, and one ggamma subunits of g proteins were ident ... | 2006 | 16546420 |
| combined expression of aspergillus nidulans endoxylanase x24 and aspergillus oryzae (alpha)-amylase in industrial baker's yeasts and their use in bread making. | the aspergillus nidulans endoxylanase x24 and the aspergillus oryzae (alpha)-amylase cdnas were placed under the control of the saccharomyces cerevisiae actin promoter (pact1) and introduced into baker's yeast. bread made with transformants expressing both enzymes (yepact-amy-act-x24) showed a 30% increase in volume and reduced firmness in comparison with that produced with a commercial strain. endoxylanase x24 and (alpha)-amylase seem to act synergistically to improve the quality of bread in te ... | 1996 | 16535419 |
| functional analysis of alcs, a gene of the alc cluster in aspergillus nidulans. | the ethanol utilization pathway (alc system) of aspergillus nidulans requires two structural genes, alca and alda, which encode the two enzymes (alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase, respectively) allowing conversion of ethanol into acetate via acetyldehyde, and a regulatory gene, alcr, encoding the pathway-specific autoregulated transcriptional activator. the alcr and alca genes are clustered with three other genes that are also positively regulated by alcr, although they are dispen ... | 2006 | 16531087 |
| the product of the shr3 orthologue of aspergillus nidulans has restricted range of amino acid transporter targets. | the shra gene of aspergillus nidulans codes for a structural and functional homologue of shr3p, a yeast er membrane protein, which plays a crucial role in the secretory pathway of yeast amino acid permeases. shra is a single-copy gene, whose expression is early activated during germination of a. nidulans conidiospores. shra is localized in the er of the fungal cells and partially complements the shr3delta phenotype. differently from saccharomyces cerevisiae, where shr3p is necessary for membrane ... | 2006 | 16531082 |
| functional characterization of the putative aspergillus nidulans poly(adp-ribose) polymerase homolog prpa. | poly(adp-ribose) polymerase (parp) is a highly conserved enzyme involved in multiple aspects of animal and plant cell physiology. for example, parp is thought to be intimately involved in the early signaling events that trigger the dna damage response. however, the genetic dissection of parp function has been hindered by the presence of multiple homologs in most animal and plant species. here, we present the first functional characterization of a putative parp homolog (prpa) in a microbial syste ... | 2006 | 16510786 |
| depletion of aspergillus nidulans cota causes a severe polarity defect which is not suppressed by the nuclear migration mutation nuda2. | the aspergillus nidulans homologue of neurospora crassa cot-1, cota, encoding a member of the ndr protein kinase family, has been cloned and expressed under the control of the conditional alca promoter. depletion of cota by repression of the alca promoter led to a severe growth defect accompanied by loss of polarity. germlings show greatly enlarged volume of the spores and hyphae, accompanied by an increase in number of nuclei per compartment, though the nucleus/volume ratio is not significantly ... | 2006 | 16506053 |
| induction of temperate cyanophage as-1 by heavy metal--copper. | it has been reported that some marine cyanophage are temperate and can be induced from a lysogenic phase to a lytic phase by different agents such as heavy metals. however, to date no significant reports have focused on the temperate nature of freshwater cyanophage/cyanobacteria. previous experiments with cyanophage as-1 and cyanobacteria anacystis nidulans have provided some evidence that as-1 may have a lysogenic life cycle in addition to the characterized lytic cycle. | 2006 | 16504132 |
| common features and interesting differences in transcriptional responses to secretion stress in the fungi trichoderma reesei and saccharomyces cerevisiae. | secretion stress is caused by compromised folding, modification or transport of proteins in the secretory pathway. in fungi, induction of genes in response to secretion stress is mediated mainly by the unfolded protein response (upr) pathway. this study aims at uncovering transcriptional responses occurring in the filamentous fungi trichoderma reesei exposed to secretion stress and comparing these to those found in the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae. | 2006 | 16504068 |