Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| characterization of repetitive dna sequences carrying 5s rdna of the triploid ginbuna (japanese silver crucian carp, carassius auratus langsdorfi). | repetitive dna sequences (hi-b; 209 bp in length) were isolated from the hindiii digests of the genomic dna of the triploid ginbuna, carassius auratus langsdorfi. sequence analyses revealed that the hi-b repetitive units were comprised of the complete coding regions of 5s rdna (120 bp in size) and their 5'flanking regions. the sequences of the hi-b units from the same individual were highly homogeneous. southern blot hybridization to the hi-b probe displayed intricate patterns that represented t ... | 1998 | 9546204 |
| a comparative study of hearing ability in fishes: the auditory brainstem response approach. | auditory brainstem response (abr) techniques, an electrophysiological far-field recording method widely used in clinical evaluation of human hearing, were adapted for fishes to overcome the major limitations of traditional behavioral and electrophysiological methods (e.g., invasive surgery, lengthy training of fishes, etc.) used for fish hearing research. responses to clicks and tone bursts of different frequencies and amplitudes were recorded with cutaneous electrodes. to evaluate the effective ... | 1998 | 9528109 |
| morphine modulation of thioglycollate-elicited peritoneal inflammation in the goldfish, carassius auratus. | intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of adult goldfish with 3% thioglycollate (tg) induces an acute peritoneal inflammation connected with a massive influx of inflammatory leukocytes mainly of the head kidney origin. the number of peritoneal exudate cells retrieved on day 2 of the inflammatory response is significantly lower in fish injected with tg and morphine (20 mg/kg b.w.) than in animals injected with tg only. the morphine effect was totally antagonized in fish injected 20 min earlier with nal ... | 1997 | 9523008 |
| vexillifera expectata sp. n. and other non-encysting amoebae isolated from organs of freshwater fish. | four strains of non-encysting amoebae were isolated from organs of freshwater fishes and characterized using light and electron microscope. morphology of three clonal strains was consistent with amoebae which had already been described from water habitats. two strains, one isolated from kidney tissue of common goldfish, carassius auratus (linnaeus, 1758), and the second one from brain of chub, leuciscus cephalus linnaeus, 1758, were identified with vannella platypodia (gläser, 1912) page, 1976. ... | 1998 | 9516992 |
| photic and circadian regulations of melatonin rhythms in fishes. | photic and circadian regulations of melatonin rhythms in the pineal organ and the retina of several teleosts were studied to investigate the regulatory mechanisms of melatonin rhythms in fishes. in the eyecup preparations of the goldfish, carassius auratus, both time of day and lighting conditions affected melatonin production, with high melatonin production observed only in the dark-treated group incubated during the 'subjective' night. thus, in the goldfish retina, local photoreceptors and an ... | 2013 | 9500660 |
| human and recombinant erythropoietin stimulate erythropoiesis in the goldfish carassius auratus. | erythropoietin (epo) stimulates differentiation of erythrocytes and biosynthesis of haemoglobin in mammals. it has not been confirmed that epo is effective in other vertebrates, so we attempted to verify the effectiveness of human-urinary and recombinant epo on erythropoiesis of the goldfish carassius auratus. the results indicate that both types of epo produce an increase in haemoglobin, erythrocytes and erythroblasts number in peripheral blood of the goldfish; moreover, they stimulate erythrop ... | 1997 | 9491316 |
| influence of dietary fat on the intestinal absorption of lipophilic compounds in goldfish (carassius auratus). | dietary uptake of a mixture of pp'ddt and four chlorobenzenes from diets with different lipid contents was measured in goldfish (carassius auratus) in order to investigate the mechanism of intestinal absorption of organic compounds. the results of the experiments suggest that intestinal absorption is basically controlled by chemical diffusion rather than lipid coassimilation. the extent of dietary uptake as indicated by biomagnification factor was strongly correlated with the chemical log kow, i ... | 1997 | 9469886 |
| fever in goldfish is induced by pyrogens but not by handling. | six goldfish, carassius auratus, weighing 2.5 to 4 g were placed individually in an aquarium with two communicating chambers. one chamber was thermostatted at 34 degrees c, the other at 37 degrees c. in control session a, without external intervention, fish selected the cooler chamber most of the time and stayed only 4.8 +/- 1.1 min/2 h at 37 degrees c. in session b, infectious fever was assayed: pyrogen (salmonella typhosa lps, or human interleukin-2) was injected intracranially and fish stayed ... | 1998 | 9469730 |
| isolation and characterisation of mrna encoding the salmon- and chicken-ii type gonadotrophin-releasing hormones in the teleost fish rutilus rutilus (cyprinidae). | the complementary dnas (cdna) encoding the [trp7,leu8]-gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (salmon-type gnrh; sgnrh:genebank accession no. u60667) and the [his5,trp7,tyr8]-gnrh (chicken-ii-type gnrh; cgnrh-ii: genebank accession no. u60668) precursor in the roach (rutilus rutilus) were isolated and sequenced following reverse transcription and rapid amplification of cdna ends (race). the sgnrh and cgnrh-ii precursor cdnas consisted of 439 and 628 bp, and included open reading frames of 282 and 255 b ... | 1997 | 9460654 |
| a family of highly repetitive dnas from "ginbuna" (carassius auratus langsdorfi) genome common to carassius auratus populations. | a family of highly repetitive dnas (hi-a) in the genome from a population of the crucian carp, tentatively identified as the ginbuna (carassius auratus langsdorfi), was isolated from the hindiii digests and characterized. the hi-a monomer (268 or 269 bp) was at-rich (64.9%) with internal repetitive oligomers. the nucleotide similarity among monomers within the same individual was 88-98%, whose sequence alterations occurred mostly at restricted sites. hybridization analyses revealed that the hi-a ... | 1997 | 9450387 |
| isolation and characterization of a novel bioactive peptide, carassius rfamide (c-rfa), from the brain of the japanese crucian carp. | a novel bioactive peptide with the c-terminal rfamide was isolated from the brain of the japanese crucian carp, carassius auratus langsdorfii, by using the intestine of the fish as the bioassay system. the primary structure of the peptide was determined to be speidpfwyvgrgvrpigrfamide and it was designated carassius rfamide (c-rfa). the sequence of c-rfa was found to be significantly homologous to the molluscan neuropeptide termed achatina cardioexcitatory peptide 1 (acep-1). both peptides have ... | 1998 | 9446813 |
| characterization of opiate binding sites on the goldfish (carassius auratus l.) pronephric leukocytes. | the head kidney is the main lymphopoietic organ of teleost fish. it is the source of leukocytes inhabiting the peritoneal cavity during an experimental peritoneal inflammation (gruca et al., folia biol.-kraków, 1997, 44, 137-142). the number of elicited peritoneal leukocytes is significantly lower in the goldfish with concomitant morphine injection than in their counterparts injected with the irritant only. morphine may act directly on the head kidney leukocytes, as they are equipped with the se ... | 1997 | 9437766 |
| neuroendocrine regulation of gonadotrophin ii release and gonadal growth in the goldfish, carassius auratus. | the goldfish, a member of the carp family, is a widely used model for reproductive neuroendocrine studies of economically important fish. the two gonadotrophin (gth) molecules released from the fish anterior pituitary, gth-i and gth-ii, are structurally similar to tetrapod fsh and lh, respectively. gonadotrophin ii is the best studied, and in goldfish stimulates gonadal growth and steroidogenesis, ovulation and sperm release. growth hormone also has gonadotrophic actions in fish which enhance go ... | 1997 | 9414466 |
| the cardiac internuncial cell in carassius auratus longsdorffii and other 19 teleost species: a fine-structural study. | thin-section studies of the sino-auricular border region in the hearts of 20 species of teleost fish revealed the cardiac internuncial cell (cic), hitherto known only in misgurnus, to occur also in 8 species (acheilognathus lanceolatus, carassius auratus longsdorffii, cyprinus carpio, girella punctata, kareius bicoloratus, rhodeus ocellatus ocellatus, rhyncopelates oxyrhynchus, tilapia nilotica), but to be absent in the other 12 species. there was an indication that the cic was close in nature t ... | 1997 | 9412743 |
| susceptibility of several species of cyprinidae and salmonidae freshwater fish to larval gnathostoma nipponicum infection. | susceptibility of five species of cyprinidae and salmonidae freshwater fish to the early third-stage larvae (eal3) and advanced third-stage larvae (adl3) of gnathostoma nipponicum infection were examined. two fish species inoculated orally with eal3 were infected, and adl3 were recovered from them with rate of 21.0% in tribolodon hakonensis and 0.5% in cyprinus carpio at 30 days postinoculation (pi). attempts to infect five fish species with adl3 were all successful. the recovery rate of adl3 wa ... | 1997 | 9409521 |
| the caudal neurosecretory system and its afferent synapses in the goldfish, carassius auratus: morphology, immunohistochemistry, and fine structure. | morphological features of the goldfish caudal neurosecretory system were investigated by means of immunohistochemical localization of urotensins i and ii (ui and uii) and electron microscopic examination of the caudal neurosecretory neurons, the urophysis, and the synaptic neuropil. the aim of the work is to provide a detailed morphological description of the afferent synapses to the caudal neurons and to analyze their distribution through the rostrocaudal extension of the caudal neurosecretory ... | 1998 | 9397580 |
| isolation and characterization of goldfish y box protein, a germ-cell-specific rna-binding protein. | cyclin b is a regulatory subunit of maturation-promoting factor. in goldfish (carassius auratus) oocytes, cyclin b is synthesized de novo after stimulation by 17alpha,20beta-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (maturation-inducing hormone). in this study, we examined goldfish oocyte proteins bound to cyclin b mrna. using oligo(dt)-cellulose affinity chromatography and northwestern blotting analysis, we identified a 54-kda cyclin b mrna-binding protein (p54). southwestern blotting analysis showed the bindi ... | 1997 | 9395336 |
| sensitivity of central units in the goldfish, carassius auratus, to transient hydrodynamic stimuli. | this study describes the discharges of central units in the medulla of the goldfish, carassius auratus, to hydrodynamic stimuli received by the lateral line. we stimulated the animal with a small object moving in the water and recorded activity of 85 medullary lateral line units in response to different motion directions and to various object distances, velocities, accelerations and sizes. all but one unit increased discharge rate when the moving object passed the fish laterally. five response t ... | 1997 | 9360004 |
| the steroid pheromone 4-pregnen-17,20ss-diol-3-one increases fertility and paternity in goldfish. | previous studies in goldfish (carassius auratus) showed that the oocyte maturation-inducing steroid 4-pregnen-17,20ss-diol-3-one (17,20ssp) functions after release as a pheromone that increases male serum gonadotropin ii (gth ii) concentration, milt (sperm and seminal fluid) volume and sexual activity, effects hypothesized to increase male reproductive success in the sperm competition of multi-male spawnings. the present study tested this hypothesis by determining whether overnight exposure to 1 ... | 1997 | 9344969 |
| the thermal acclimation of burst escape performance in fish: an integrated study of molecular and cellular physiology and organismal performance | goldfish (family cyprinidae, carassius auratus) and killifish (family cyprinodontidae, fundulus heteroclitus) were acclimated to 10, 20 and 35 °c for 4 weeks. the thermal acclimation of c-start (escape swimming) performance and the physiological properties of fast twitch muscle fibres that underlie it were investigated in these species at the molecular (myosin isoform expression), biochemical (myofibrillar atpase activity), cellular (contractile kinetics) and organismal levels of organisatio ... | 1995 | 9320080 |
| effect of chemical anoxia on protein kinase c and na+, k+-atpase in hepatocytes of goldfish (carassius auratus) and rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) | protein kinase c (pkc) and na+/k+-atpase in hepatocytes from the anoxia-tolerant goldfish (carassius auratus) and the anoxia-intolerant rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) were studied to determine their role in the anoxic response of these cells. pkc and na+/k+-atpase activities were measured for up to 90 min in the absence (normoxia) and presence (chemical anoxia) of 2 mmol l-1 sodium cyanide. pkc activity of normoxic cells from both species remained constant for the entire experimental period ... | 1996 | 9319415 |
| growth rate reduction of goldfish (carassius auratus) exposed to p,p'ddt and chlorobenzenes in diets with differing lipid contents. | 1997 | 9307435 | |
| polyploid-specific repetitive dna sequences from triploid ginbuna (japanese silver crucian carp, carassius auratus langsdorfi). | repetitive dna sequences (cal3ndr) in the genome of a triploid ginbuna (carassius auratus langsdorfi) were isolated from the drai digests of the genomic dna. this at-rich (61%) cal3ndr monomer was 137 bp in length. the nucleotide similarity among the monomers from the same individual was considerably high (above 97%). hybridization analyses revealed that the cal3ndr sequences were organized into tandem arrays. these dna sequences were present only in triploid and tetraploid ginbunas and were abs ... | 1997 | 9265737 |
| expression of cytochrome oxidase in hair cells of the teleost utricle. | ultrastructural variation in some cytoplasmic organelles and synaptic structures is one characteristic distinguishing the types of hair cells in the teleost ear. in this study, we explored differences in mitochondria by analyzing mitochondrial reactivity for cytochrome oxidase (cox) in hair cells of the teleost utricle. the reactivity for cox within mitochondria in the subcuticular compartment directly beneath the cuticular plate differentiated among hair cells in utricles of three teleost speci ... | 1997 | 9259236 |
| transepithelial transport and cell volume control in proximal renal tubules from the teleost carassius auratus. | the objective of this work was to study cell volume regulation and transepithelial transport in renal proximal tubules. a modified stop-flow technique in in vitro perfused renal proximal tubules of carassius auratus was used. the rate of luminal fluid absorption and the epithelial thickness were measured. isosmotic na+ removal from the tubule lumen or addition of the na+/glucose co-transport blocker phloridzin (0.5 mm) to the lumen inhibited fluid absorption. only minor effects on luminal absorp ... | 1997 | 9246390 |
| electron microscopic perspectives of gill pathology induced by 1-naphthyl-n-methylcarbamate in the goldfish (carassius auratus linnaeus). | this experiment has clarified the ultrastructural pathology, by scanning (sem) and transmission electron microscopy (tem), induced by 1-naphthyl-n- methylcarbamate (carbaryl) in the gills of juvenile goldfish (carassius auratus linneaus). carbaryl is a low toxicity pesticide commonly used in forestry and agriculture and for controlling aquatic weeds and crustacean predators of shellfish, and has been known to cause gill damage in fish and clams. a variety of cellular changes were observed after ... | 1997 | 9225146 |
| identification of neuronal isozyme specific residues by comparison of goldfish aldolase c to other aldolases. | a 2061 bp cdna encoding a goldfish (carassius auratus) aldolase was isolated from a goldfish brain library. the deduced 362 amino acid sequence is more similar to vertebrate brain (aldolase c) and muscle aldolases (aldolase a) than to the liver isozymes (aldolase b). northern blot analysis indicates strong expression of the mrna in brain but not in liver or muscle, which indicates that this is aldolase c rather than aldolase a. analysis of all known vertebrate aldolase amino acid sequences revea ... | 1997 | 9219352 |
| variation in the egg cell forming region of gyrodactylus kobayashii hukuda, 1940 (monogenea:gyrodactylidae). | the egg cell forming region of gyrodactylus kobayashii from goldfish (carassius auratus) is a thin nucleated cytoplasmic layer surrounding the developing egg cell (= oocyte). the cytoplasm contains numerous elougate membranes. as parasites age, the egg cell forming region becomes electron lucent. the apical membrane of the egg cell forming region becomes disrupted in places. a basal matrix is indistinct in new-born and young worms, becoming more evident as worms grow older. numerous pits (= basa ... | 1997 | 9193944 |
| activity of esterases from different tissues of freshwater fish and responses of their isoenzymes to inhibitors. | activity of nonspecific esterase from different tissues (i.e., liver, gallbladder, heart, intestine, and muscle) of five species of freshwater fish, namely, topmouth gudgeon (pseudorasbora parva), goldfish (carassius auratus), nile tilapia (tilapia nilotica), mosquitofish (gambusia affinis), and rainbow trout (salmo gairdneri) was tested using alpha-naphthyl acetate as substrate. the results indicated that activity of the enzyme was mainly concentrated in the digestive system (i.e., intestine, l ... | 1997 | 9176555 |
| vip-like immunoreactivity in the intestinal tract of fish with different feeding habits. | we studied the distribution of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide immunoreactive (vip-ir) cells and fibres in the intestine of three fish species with different feeding habits: the silver carp (hypophthalmichthys molitrix), the goldfish (carassius auratus), and the pumpkinseed sunfish (lepomis gibbosus). each species was divided into two groups: (1) fish fed once a day up until sacrifice and (2) fish fed once a day and then fasted three days before sacrifice. immunoreactive endocrine cells and fi ... | 1997 | 9174846 |
| immunolocalization of aromatase- and androgen receptor-positive neurons in the goldfish brain. | full expression of testosterone (t) actions in the brain requires both direct binding to androgen receptors (ar) and in situ aromatization to estradiol (e2). to determine the cellular basis of constitutively high aromatase and ar binding activities in teleost fish brain, and the neuroanatomic location and spatial relations of cells of each type, an immunocytochemical mapping study of goldfish (carassius auratus) brain was carried out using antibodies to human placental aromatase and human/rat ar ... | 1997 | 9169111 |
| vasoactive intestinal polypeptide immunoreactive nerves in the gill arch of teleost fish, carassius auratus l. | the localization of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (vip)-immunoreactive (ir) nerve cell bodies and fibers has been studied in the gill arches of goldfish (carassius auratus, l.) using the peroxidase-antiperoxidase (pap) immunohistochemical method. it was found that vip-ir nerve cell bodies are localized in connective tissue on the oral side of the gill arch; these cells were present as single cells, in couples or as small clusters. moreover, a dense network of vip-ir fibers was observed benea ... | 1997 | 9150792 |
| recombinant gilthead seabream (sparus aurata) insulin-like growth factor-i: subcloning, expression in escherichia coli, purification and characterization. | gilthead seabream (sparus aurata) insulin-like growth factor-i (gsigf-i) cdna coding for the mature protein was cloned in a pgem-3z vector, and then transferred into prokaryotic expression vector pet-11a and expressed in escherichia coli bl21(de3) cells upon induction with isopropyl thiogalactoside. the expressed protein contained within the inclusion-body pellet was solubilized in 4.5 m urea, refolded for 24 h at ph 11.3 in the presence of catalytic amounts of cysteine and purified to over 98% ... | 1997 | 9135579 |
| effects of telencephalic ablation on short-term memory and attention in goldfish. | two hypotheses regarding the functions of the teleost telencephalon (short-term memory and nonspecific arousal hypotheses) were examined by using a y-maze training paradigm. a delayed reinforcement method, which allowed the separation of choice process (a process in which choice responses are evoked) and reward process (a process in which choice responses are reinforced), showed that normal fish can acquire clear learned responses to choice stimuli under different stimulus conditions between the ... | 1997 | 9134154 |
| sequence of a cdna clone encoding a novel somatolactin in goldfish, carassius auratus. | as a first step towards the development of a sensitive ribonuclease protection assay to study the regulation of somatolactin (sl) mrna expression in pituitary cells of goldfish, we have isolated a complementary dna (cdna) clone encoding precursor sequence of sl from a cdna library prepared from goldfish pituitary poly(a)+ rna. the 843-bp goldfish sl (gfsl) cdna has an open reading frame of 693 nucleotides with two possible start codons of aug. amino acid sequence alignment revealed that gfsl has ... | 1997 | 9125164 |
| effect of alpha-helical-crf[9-41] on feeding in goldfish: involvement of cortisol and catecholamines. | the anoretic effect of corticotropin-releasing factor (crf) was not dependent on adrenal activation in goldfish (carassius auratus). moreover, an interaction between crf and the hypothalamic catecholaminergic system in the central regulation of food intake was observed. the intracerebroventricular (icv) administration of crf increased cortisol levels and reduced food intake and hypothalamic norepinephrine and dopamine content at 2 hr postinjection, with these effects reversed by alpha-helical cr ... | 1997 | 9106678 |
| reaction-diffusion analysis of the effects of temperature on high-energy phosphate dynamics in goldfish skeletal muscle. | thermal acclimation results in dramatic changes in the fractional volume of mitochondria within skeletal muscle of teleost fish. we investigated the hypothesis that changes in mitochondrial volume represent a compensatory response to temperature-induced changes in intracellular diffusion coefficients (d) of the high-energy phosphate compounds atp and creatine phosphate (pcr). using 31p nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, we determined dpcr and datp in goldfish (carassius auratus) skeletal m ... | 1997 | 9104779 |
| genomic structure and sequence of the pufferfish (fugu rubripes) growth hormone-encoding gene: a comparative analysis of teleost growth hormone genes. | a nested polymerase chain reaction (pcr) technique for amplifying a fragment of the gene (gh) encoding teleost growth hormone has been developed. using this technique, a fragment of the pufferfish, fugu rubripes and arothron maculatus, dwarf gourami, colisa lalia; guppy, poecilia reticulata; and goldfish, carassius auratus gh genes were cloned. the fugu rubripes (fugu) gene fragment was used to isolate the gh gene from a fugu genomic library. the complete nucleotide sequence of a 8.5-kb saci gen ... | 1997 | 9099882 |
| substance p facilitates memory in goldfish in an appetitively motivated learning task. | the aim of this study was to investigate if the neuropeptide substance p (sp) can improve learning and memory in goldfish (carassius auratus). four groups of fish were trained for seven days to find food in one out of two compartments until discrimination was achieved. on the last training day, they were injected (intra-abdominal) with haloperidol or vehicle before the training, and with sp or vehicle immediately after the training session. each group of fish received either: (1) vehicle+vehicle ... | 1997 | 9095345 |
| ocular melatonin rhythms in the goldfish, carassius auratus. | ocular melatonin rhythms in the goldfish were studied and compared to those in the pineal organ and plasma. under light:dark (ld) of 12 h light:12 h dark, melatonin contents in the eye as well as the pineal organ and plasma exhibited clear day-night changes with higher levels at mid-dark than at mid-light. however, melatonin contents in the eye at mid-light and mid-dark were approximately 100 and 9 times greater than those in the pineal organ, respectively. day-night changes of ocular melatonin ... | 1997 | 9090571 |
| exocytotic release of vasoative intestinal polypeptide and serotonin from mucosal nerve fibres and endocrine cells of the intestine of the goldfish (carassius auratus) and the tilapia (oreochromis mossambicus): an ultrastructural study. | in earlier studies were determined the effect, presence and ultrastructure of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (vip) and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-ht)-containing nerve fibres in the tilapia and goldfish intestinal mucosa. 5-ht-labelled varicosities were found close to the epithelial cells; however, synaptic membrane specializations have never been observed. vip-like immunoreactive nerve fibres appear to be located less frequently close to the goldfish epithelium, as in the tilapia intestine, in wh ... | 1997 | 9088944 |
| development of a cell line from skin of goldfish, carassius auratus, and effects of ascorbic acid on collagen deposition. | growth characteristics and collagen expression were investigated in gfsk-s1, a cell line derived from the skin of an adult goldfish (carassius auratus). these cells are anchorage dependent, grow well in leibovitz-15 medium with 10% fetal bovine serum, and have been subcultured routinely for 5 years. cells at various passages have been successfully cryopreserved and thawed. gfsk-s1 cells show mainly a fibroblastic morphology at low density, but at confluence islands of epithelial-shaped cells app ... | 1997 | 9088943 |
| the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and ascorbic acid content in the liver of goldfish (carassius auratus gibelio bloch.) exposed to cadmium. | the goldfish (carassius auratus gibelio bloch.) were exposed to cadmium in the concentration of 20 mg cd/l water under aquarium conditions for 1, 4, 7 and 15 days. after exposure to cadmium, the activities of superoxide dismutase (sod) and catalase (cat) were significantly decreased. at the same time, the liver ascorbic acid (asa) content was increased. | 1996 | 9085381 |
| molecular cloning of the cdnas encoding two gonadotropin beta subunits (gth-i beta and -ii beta) from the goldfish, carassius auratus. | two types of cdnas (gth-i beta and -ii beta) that encode the beta subunit of goldfish gonadotropin were cloned from a goldfish pituitary cdna library. the nucleotide sequence of gth-i beta cdna was 616 bp long, encoding 130 amino acids, and that of gth-ii beta was 552 bp long, encoding 140 amino acids. these two types of goldfish gth beta subunits showed an identity of 52% in the nucleotide sequence and 38% in the amino acid sequence. when compared to mammalian gth beta subunits, goldfish gth-i ... | 1997 | 9073500 |
| molecular cloning of cdna encoding two types of pituitary gonadotropin alpha subunit from the goldfish, carassius auratus. | two types of cdna encoding the alpha subunit of pituitary gonadotropin (gth) were cloned by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) for goldfish pituitary cdna library. the goldfish gth-alpha subunit cdnas, designated as alpha 1 and alpha 2, encode 117 and 118 amino acids, respectively, including a 23-amino-acid signal peptide. these two types of cdnas showed high homology in nucleotide and amino acid sequence, but deletion of a triplet nucleotides was present in alpha 1. deduced amino acid sequences re ... | 1997 | 9073499 |
| a steroidal pheromone and spawning stimuli act via different neuroendocrine mechanisms to increase gonadotropin and milt volume in male goldfish carassius auratus. | in goldfish (carassius auratus), pheromonal 17alpha, 20beta-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (17,20beta-p) and spawning stimuli (interaction with a sexually active female releasing prostaglandin pheromone) both increase gonadotropin-ii (gth-ii) and milt volume. in the goldfish pituitary, gth-ii release is stimulated by gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh) and inhibited by dopamine (da). in this study, we investigated the possibility that 17,20beta-p and spawning stimuli act via separate neuroendocrine ... | 1997 | 9038255 |
| molecular evolution of vertebrate vip receptors and functional characterization of a vip receptor from goldfish carassius auratus. | vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (vip) is a neuropeptide that has numerous physiological actions and is widely distributed in the body. however, as yet, there is no sequence information about vip receptors in lower vertebrates. partial cdna fragments spanning transmembrane domains 2 to 6 of vip receptors were isolated from six nonmammalian vertebrate species, including chicken, pigeon, frog, lizard, salmon, and goldfish. sequence comparison of these receptors revealed essential structural motif ... | 1997 | 9038250 |
| growth hormone-releasing hormone immunoreactivity in the brain, pituitary, and pineal of the goldfish, carassius auratus. | using antisera directed against carp growth hormone-releasing hormone (cghrh), the distribution of immunoreactive (ir) structures in the brain, pituitary, and pineal of the goldfish, carassius auratus, was investigated. the antisera were produced in rabbits by administration of cghrh(1-44)-nh(2) followed by cghrh(1-45)-oh for different periods of time, both coupled to human alpha-globulins via bisdiazotized benzidine as immunogen. immunoreactive perikarya were visualized in the nucleus preopticu ... | 1996 | 8998965 |
| epidermal growth factor receptor binding and biological activity in the ovary of goldfish, carassius auratus. | the receptor binding and biological activity of epidermal growth factor-urogastrone (egf) was characterized in the follicle-enclosed goldfish oocyte. the binding of 125i-labeled mouse egf (megf) to goldfish ovarian membrane preparation was peptide specific, saturable, reversible, and dependent on time and tissue concentration. binding data analysis indicated the presence of a single class of high-affinity binding sites with an estimated equilibrium dissociation constant of 4.4 +/- 1.8 x 10(-10) ... | 1996 | 8928907 |
| cell proliferation and hair cell addition in the ear of the goldfish, carassius auratus. | cell proliferation and hair cell addition have not been studied in the ears of otophysan fish, a group of species who have specialized hearing capabilities. in this study we used the mitotic s-phase marker bromodeoxyuridine (brdu) to identify proliferating cells in the ear of one otophysan species, carassius auratus (the goldfish). animals were sacrificed at 3 h or 5 days postinjection with brdu and processed for immunocytochemistry. the results of the study show that cell proliferation occurs i ... | 1996 | 8922975 |
| direct effects of 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine and 3,5-diiodothyronine on mitochondrial metabolism in the goldfish carassius auratus. | direct effects of 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine (t3) and 3,5-diiodothyronine (t2) on the metabolism of the goldfish (carassius auratus) were assessed using mitochondria isolated from liver and red muscle. following a 5-min incubation with either t3 or t2, the oxidation rates of substrates involved in amino acid and carbohydrate metabolism and lipid catabolism were measured. state 3 oxidation of pyruvate was significantly higher for liver mitochondria treated with t2 and for red muscle mitochondria inc ... | 1996 | 8921356 |
| cytoarchitecture of the medial octavolateralis nucleus in the goldfish, carassius auratus. | the medial octavolateralis nucleus (mon) is the principal first-order medullary lateral line sensory nucleus found in the majority of anamniotic vertebrates. although its presence has been confirmed in numerous taxa, the cytoarchitecture of this region has not been extensively studied in any species. the purpose of this study was to examine in detail the cytoarchitecture of the mon in the goldfish using golgi staining and hrp histochemical techniques. the results of this study demonstrated the p ... | 1996 | 8907363 |
| circadian rhythms of locomotor activity in the goldfish carassius auratus. | locomotor activities in the goldfish carassius auratus were recorded under light-dark (ld) and constant light regimens. under ld 12:12, all goldfish adjusted to given ld cycles. activity patterns were classified into three types: l-type activity during the photophase (83%), ld-type activity both during the photophase and the scotophase (10%), and d-type activity during the scotophase (7%). however, these patterns were not fixed, but flexible. under constant conditions, goldfish exhibited circadi ... | 1996 | 8873250 |
| hierarchical sensory guidance of mauthner-mediated escape responses in goldfish (carassius auratus) and cichlids (haplochromis burtoni). | acoustically-evoked escape behaviors were compared between goldfish (carassius auratus), a hearing specialist, and the cichlid haplochromis burtoni, a hearing nonspecialist. fish were startled with compressive and rarefying, stimuli presented alone or together, and with compressive pulses preceded by a visual cue or after exposure to cobalt, an inhibitor of lateral line-innervated neuromast hair cells. these acoustic startle stimuli can evoke mauthner neuron firing and are similar to but weaker ... | 1996 | 8872319 |
| the role of torus longitudinalis in equilibrium orientation measured with the dorsal light reflex. | the torus longitudinalis (tl) is a paired elongated structure reciprocally connected with the optic tectum in actinopterygian fishes. electrophysiological recordings have revealed a sustained neural discharge in tl inversely related to luminance [northmore, 1984]. this photometric response may play a role in the comparison of light levels between the two eyes, which must occur for the dorsal light reflex (dlr) to orient the body in the environment. based on the luminance response of tl, it was h ... | 1996 | 8872316 |
| a partial sequence for nitric oxide synthase from a goldfish (carassius auratus) macrophage cell line. | expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (inos) mrna was detected in a recently developed goldfish macrophage cell line by rt-pcr, using degenerate primers designed against conserved nucleotide motifs within the different mammalian isoforms of nos. increased expression of inos poststimulation with lps was found, and suggests that it is a functional enzyme in goldfish macrophages, supporting the view that inos regulation is pretranslational. the nucleotide sequence translated in one reading ... | 1996 | 8872189 |
| vip-like immunoreactive cells in the kidney of goldfish (carassius auratus). | by immunohistochemistry vip-like immunoreactive cells were observed in the second segment of some renal proximal tubules of carassius auratus. immunoreactivity displayed a granular appearance all over the cells. vip-like immunoreactive cells showed a shape of an over-turned flask whose globe-like part looks like the tubular lumen. no immunoreactive material was observed in other tracts of the nephron and in the interstitial cells. the presence of vip-like immunoreactive cells is discussed in rel ... | 1996 | 8860306 |
| protection against heavy metal toxicity by mucus and scales in fish. | fingerlings of three freshwater fish showed differences in susceptibility to lethality of 250 mg/l lead suspension or lead nitrate solution in water. among these, the largemouth bass (micropterus salmoides) was more tolerant than green sunfish (lepomis cyanellus) and goldfish (carassius auratus). the addition of mucus from largemouth bass, when added to jars containing lead, increased the lt-50 value (time to kill 50% of fingerling exposed to 250 mg/l lead) in green sunfish and goldfish. however ... | 1996 | 8854966 |
| demand feeding and locomotor circadian rhythms in the goldfish, carassius auratus: dual and independent phasing. | in contrast to the common diurnal and nocturnal ways of life, some fish species have been shown to have a dual phasing behaviour. therefore, the daily pattern of behaviour is not always rigidly confined to the light or dark phase and a diurnal fish may become nocturnal and vice versa. in the present study, the locomotor and feeding activities of single goldfish were simultaneously investigated to examine the existence of such dual behaviour. nineteen goldfish weighing 97.2 g on average were plac ... | 1996 | 8840933 |
| novel afferent terminal structure in the crista ampullaris of the goldfish, carassius auratus. | using transmission electron microscopy, we have identified a new type of afferent terminal structure in the crista ampullaris of the goldfish carassius auratus. in addition to the bouton-type afferent terminals previously described in the ear of this species, the crista also contained enlarged afferent terminals that enveloped a portion of the basolateral hair cell membrane. the hair cell membrane was evaginated and protruded into the afferent terminal in a glove-and-finger configuration. the me ... | 1996 | 8833110 |
| the zebrafish brain: a neuroanatomical comparison with the goldfish. | the zebrafish danio rerio is an important model system for genetic and developmental studies of the vertebrate central nervous system. considerable knowledge concerning the embryonic development of the central nervous system of the zebrafish has accumulated in recent years. however, there is an apparent lack of information on the organization of the adult zebrafish brain. we have therefore recently studied in detail the neuroanatomy of the adult zebrafish. here we compare the brains of the zebra ... | 1996 | 8827327 |
| classification and host specificity of metagonimus spp. from korean freshwater fish. | taxonomic problems of metagonimus spp. in korea were investigated. metacercariae of various freshwater fish species -- plecoglossus altivelis, carassius auratus, zacco platypus, zacco temmincki, opsariichthys bidens -- were collected from different localities in korea and experimentally fed to golden hamsters. observation of recovered adult worms showed that plecoglossus altivelis was infected with metacercariae of both m. yokogawai and m. takahashii. c. auratus was infected with metacercariae o ... | 1996 | 8820736 |
| in vitro effects of gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane on in vitro biosynthesis and metabolism of steroids in goldfish carassius auratus. | testicular and ovarian fragments of carassius auratus, taken during the reproductively active prespawning phase (june) of its annual reproductive cycle, were incubated with different concentrations (0 mg/ml, 0 ppm; 0.001 mg/ml, 1 ppm; 0.01 mg/ml, 10 ppm; and 0.02 mg/ml, 20 ppm) of gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane (gamma-hch) in the presence of either exogenous precursor [3h]-17-hydroxyprogesterone ([3h]17-p) or carp hypophyseal homogenate. the free (unconjugated) and conjugated metabolites (glucuroni ... | 1996 | 8812183 |
| outdoor experimental ponds (mesocosms) designed for long-term ecotoxicological studies in aquatic environment. | outdoor artificial ponds (mesocosms) of 12 m3 were designed for long-term ecotoxicological studies. sediment, macrophytes (typha angustifolia and elodea canadensis), and free and caged freshwater snails [lymnaea palustris (müller)] and wood lice (asellus aquaticus l.) were collected in nearby natural ecosystems and introduced in the mesocosms. sixty goldfish (carassius auratus l.) were caged in each pond. introduced species developed and reproduced in every mesocosm. animal species (mainly insec ... | 1996 | 8812177 |
| characterization of the rfamide-like neuropeptides in the nervus terminalis of the goldfish (carassius auratus). | fmrfamide-immunoreactivity has been demonstrated in the cns of many vertebrate species. we sought to further characterize this immunoreactivity in nervus terminalis retinal efferents of the goldfish using an antiserum raised against a bovine morphine modulating peptide (a18famide). this antiserum robustly labels nervus terminalis efferents to the retina, as well as a sub-population of retinal amacrine cells. under immunocytochemical conditions the antiserum cross-reacted with neuropeptide y-like ... | 1996 | 8795069 |
| sexual dimorphism of galanin-like immunoreactivity in the brain and pituitary of goldfish, carassius auratus. | a sexually dimorphic distribution of galanin (gal)-like immunoreactive (ir) neurons and fibers was found in the brain and pituitary of goldfish. the rostralmost gal-ir perikarya were found in the area ventralis telencephali pars supracommissuralis dorsal to the anterior commissure. in the diencephalon, there was several gal-ir perikarya in the nucleus preopticus periventricularis (npp). males had many gal-ir perikarya in the nucleus preopticus pars parvocellularis (npopp) and isolated gal-ir per ... | 1996 | 8783041 |
| biplexiform ganglion cells, characterized by dendrites in both outer and inner plexiform layers, are regular, mosaic-forming elements of teleost fish retinae. | biplexiform ganglion cells were labelled by retrograde transport of hrp in five species of marine fish from the neoteleost acanthopterygian orders perciformes and scorpaeniformes. their forms and spatial distributions were studied in retinal flatmounts and thick sections. biplexiform ganglion cells possessed sparsely branched, often varicose, dendrites that ramified through the inner nuclear layer (inl) to reach the outer plexiform layer (opl), as well as conventional arborizations in the most s ... | 2006 | 8782379 |
| involvement of extracellular sodium in agonist-induced gonadotropin release from goldfish (carassius auratus) gonadotrophs. | in goldfish, gonadotropin (gth-ii) responses to the two endogenous gnrhs, salmon-gnrh and chicken-gnrh-ii, are mediated by activation of protein kinase c (pkc) and voltage-sensitive ca2+ channels. in this study, we investigated the role of extracellular na+, voltage-dependent na+ channels, and the plasma membrane na+/h+ exchanger in mediating gnrh-stimulated gth-ii release from dispersed goldfish pituitary cells. perifusion with na+-depleted medium reduced the gth-ii response to both gnrhs and t ... | 1996 | 8770907 |
| influence of forskolin and carbachol on intestinal absorption of horseradish peroxidase in the goldfish (carassius auratus). | the transepithelial route for mucosa-to-serosa transport of the tracer macromolecule horseradish peroxidase (hrp; mw 40 kda) and modulation of this transport by forskolin and carbachol have been studied in vi-tro in stripped goldfish intestinal epithelium mounted in ussing-type chambers. uptake and transport have been investigated by measuring the hrp flux from the muco-sal to serosal sides by an enzymatic method and by visualising hrp reaction products in the mucosa with electron-microscopical ... | 1996 | 8766857 |
| behavioral detection of acoustic particle motion by a teleost fish (astronotus ocellatus): sensitivity and directionality. | behavioral detection thresholds for oscars (astronotus ocellatus) were measured in response to linear, oscillatory motion at 100 hz along seven axes (-90 degrees, -60 degrees, -30 degrees, 0 degree, +30 degrees, and +60 degrees in azimuth, where 0 degree is the fish longitudinal axis; and the vertical axis) using a cardiac classical conditioning paradigm. thresholds at all selected axes ranged from -58 to -56 db re: 1 micron, which corresponds to 1.2 to 1.6 nm displacement (rms). thus, oscars ap ... | 1996 | 8765559 |
| incorporation of bromodeoxyuridine in regenerating fin tissue of the goldfish carassius auratus. | we have investigated the pattern of incorporation of 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine-5'-monophosphate (brdu) by proliferating cells during regeneration of the tail fin of carassius auratus. fifteen days after amputation, intraperitoneal injection of a single dose of 0.25 mg/g wet weight of brdu and subsequent immunocytochemical detection on sections revealed groups of replicating cells in the blastema and epidermis at different proximodistal levels. proliferating blastemal cells were confined to a crowd ... | 1996 | 8759927 |
| studies on multilocus fingerprints, rapd markers, and mitochondrial dna of a gynogenetic fish (carassius auratus gibelio). | 1995 | 8748455 | |
| [serogroups, virulence and hemolytic activity of aeromon as hydrophila which caused fish bacterial septicaemia]. | a new infected disease called bacterial septicaemia occurred in cyprinid fish throughout china during 1989-1992. a. hydrophila was known as the most important pathogen of this harmful disease. thirty-three strains of a. hydrophila, most isolated from moribund fishes, were serogrouped by tube-agglutination with rabbit antisera. most of the isolates could be grouped into two serotypes, tps-30 and pbjs-76. these two groups could be found not only in zhejiang province but in other province in south ... | 1995 | 8745552 |
| reinforcing properties of the substance p c-fragment analog dime-c7 in carassius auratus. | the aim of the present study was to investigate whether two substance p (sp) fragments have reinforcing effects in carassius auratus when the fish were tested in a place-preference experimental model. fish were placed in a 3-compartment box in which one compartment gives access to two others that are not connected. the time spent in each compartment was recorded for 10 min in order to determine which one was preferred. twenty-four hours later the fish were given one of the following ip treatment ... | 1996 | 8736114 |
| hair cell heterogeneity in the goldfish saccule. | a set of cytological studies performed in the utricle and saccule of astronotus ocellatus (teleostei, percomorphi, cichlidae) identified two basic types of hair cells and others with some intermediate characteristics. this paper reports on applying the same techniques to the saccule of carassius auratus (teleostei, otophysi, cyprinidae) and demonstrates similar types of hair cells to those found in astronotus. since carassius and astronotus are species of extreme taxonomic distance within the eu ... | 1995 | 8719757 |
| similar localization of immunoreactive glutamate and aspartate in the pineal organ and retina of various nonmammalian vertebrates. | the localization of immunoreactive glutamate and aspartate was compared in the pineal organ and retina of various vertebrates (raja clavata, carassius auratus, salvelinus alpinus, triturus vulgaris, triturus cristatus, lacerta muralis, lacerta agilis, lacerta viridis, columbia livia and white leghorn chicken) by postembedding immunoelectron microscopy. immunoreaction of both excitatory amino acids was detected in the pinealocytes in a localization similar to that of retinal photoreceptors. the r ... | 1995 | 8714767 |
| correlation between biochemical parameters and susceptibility of freshwater fish to malathion. | acute toxicity (96-h lc50) of malathion was tested using five species of freshwater fish, namely, topmouth gudgeon (pseudorasbora parva), goldfish (carassius auratus), nile tilapia (tilapia nilotica), mosquitofish (gambusia affinis), and rainbow trout (salmo gairdneri). correlation was found between susceptibility and biochemical parameters such as activity of brain acetylcholinesterase (ache) and in vitro resistance of the enzyme to inhibition (ic50) of malaoxon (a major metabolite of malathion ... | 1996 | 8691510 |
| connections of octaval and lateral line nuclei of the medulla in the goldfish, including the cytoarchitecture of the secondary octaval population in goldfish and catfish. | cytoarchitectural analyses combined with injections of the tracer horseradish peroxidase in various structures in the brain of the goldfish, carassius auratus, have defined some of the major components of acoustic and lateral line mechanosensory circuits between the medulla and midbrain. the main acoustic receptor in carassius, the saccule, is known to provide a major input to the dorsomedial zone of the descending octaval nucleus. the dorsomedial zone in turn projects bilaterally to the seconda ... | 1996 | 8680846 |
| immunocytochemical and biochemical evidence for aromatase in neurons of the retina, optic tectum and retinotectal pathways in goldfish. | using an animal model in which neural aromatase is apparently overexpressed (the goldfish, carassius auratus) and an anti-human placental antibody which specifically crossreacts with goldfish brain aromatase, aromatase-immunoreactive neuronal cell bodies and fibers have been localized within the retina. these include a subset of horizontal cells, bipolar cells, and amacrine cells of the inner nuclear layer, some fibers of the outer and inner synaptic layers and certain cells of the ganglion cell ... | 1993 | 8680435 |
| taurine efflux is a cell volume regulatory process in proximal renal tubules from the teleost carassius auratus. | the potential role of taurine transport associated with volume regulation in renal tissue and isolated proximal renal tubules was studied in the teleost carassius auratus (goldfish). the cellular taurine content in renal tissue fragments incubated in isosmotic solution (290 mosm) (7.8 +/- 0.9 (sd) micromol g wet wt(-1)) decreased by 60% following exposure to hyposmotic medium (100 mosm). the rate coefficient for [14c]taurine efflux in renal tissue and in isolated proximal renal tubules was stron ... | 1995 | 8669295 |
| isolation and characterization of two distinct growth hormone cdnas from the goldfish, carassius auratus. | as a first step toward the development of a ribonuclease protection assay for studying the regulation of growth hormone (gh) gene expression in pituitary cells of the goldfish, carassius auratus, we report the isolation of two cdna clones encoding goldfish gh from a cdna library prepared from pituitary poly(a)+ rna. the complete nucleotide sequences of these two gh cdna clones have been determined and both of them were predicted to encode a polypeptide of 210 amino acids (aa) including a putativ ... | 1996 | 8651695 |
| temporal expression of rod and cone opsins in embryonic goldfish retina predicts the spatial organization of the cone mosaic. | cone photoreceptors in teleost fish retina are organized into a precise, crystalline mosaic in which the four spectral subtypes have a consistent position relative to each other. the objective of the current study was to describe the spatial and temporal progression of photoreceptor differentiation in the embryonic goldfish retina to understand how the retinal cone mosaic might be produced. | 1996 | 8603841 |
| nitric oxide synthase in the peripheral nervous system of the goldfish, carassius auratus. | neuronal nitric oxide synthase was located in various organs of the goldfish by nadph-diaphorase histochemistry and immunohistochemistry. positive cells were detected throughout the digestive tract. a particularly dense plexus of nitric-oxide-synthase-containing fibers was present at the opening of the pneumatic duct into the esophagus and at the intestinal sphincter separating the esophagus and the intestinal bulb. the nitroxergic innervation was mainly confined to the muscularis. the muscular ... | 1996 | 8601299 |
| kinetic analysis of the swimming behavior of the goldfish, carassius auratus, exposed to nickel: hypoactivity induced by sublethal concentrations. | 1995 | 8601075 | |
| perception of spectrally and temporally complex sounds by the goldfish (carassius auratus). | behavioral studies on complex sound perception in goldfish were carried out in order to help determine what, if any, differences exist between the sense of hearing of fishes and other vertebrates. a stimulus generalization paradigm was used with classical conditioning in three experiments to determine: (1) the perceptual relations between a pure tone and harmonic complexes having a fundamental frequency equal to that of the tone; (2) the combined effects on perception of pulse repetition rate an ... | 1995 | 8600120 |
| dendritic morphology of neurons in sympathetic ganglia of the goldfish, carassius auratus. | we used intracellular dye injection to examine the dendritic morphology of postganglionic neurons in the coeliac ganglion of goldfish. about 80% of the neurons had at least one dendrite, with the mean number of dendrites per cell being 7.8 +/- 5.5 (+/- sd, n = 37 cells). dendrites varied in length from a few microns to more than 400 microns. around 37% of the neurons possessed axon collateral in addition to dendrites. these results show that postganglionic sympathetic neurons of goldfish can hav ... | 1995 | 8592648 |
| demonstration of the second intermediate hosts of clinostomum complanatum in korea. | a species of metacercariae recovered from the fresh-water fish, collected from kaumji (pond), kaechonji (pond) and ssanggyechon (river). uisong-gun, kyongsangbuk-do, korea, was identified as clinostomum complanatum by morphological observation and experimental infection to chicks. the excysted metacercariae, tongue-shaped and progenetic, were 3.28-4.27 mm in length and 0.94-1.46 mm in width. the adult flukes recovered from the chicks four days after infection were 4.20-4.86 mm long and 1.14-1.49 ... | 1995 | 8591008 |
| application of homonuclear decoupling to measures of diffusion in biological 31p spin echo spectra. | pulsed field gradient (pfg) spin echo 31p nmr can be used to measure diffusion coefficients of phosphorus-containing metabolites in vivo. in biological spin echo spectra, the atp resonances are phase modulated by j-coupling between the three phosphorus atoms. this phase modulation may severely decrease the apparent signal intensity of the atp peaks. in this paper, we describe the use of homonuclear decoupling during spin evolution to suppress the effects of j-coupling in biological spin echo spe ... | 1995 | 8579998 |
| central projections from the goldfish pineal organ traced by hrp-immunocytochemistry. | pineal efferent projections have been traced in the brain of the goldfish (carassius auratus) by administration of a concentrated solution of horseradish peroxidase onto the pineal organ. after different survival times, fish were sacrificed and the administered peroxidase was revealed by immunocytochemistry on paraffin sections using an anti-horseradish peroxidase antiserum. immunoreactive fibres were seen in the anterior hypothalamus, habenula, dorsal thalamus, ventral thalamus, optic tectum, t ... | 1995 | 8574005 |
| isolation and characterization of microsatellite loci in the goldfish carassius auratus. | 1995 | 8564014 | |
| somatostatin-, vasoactive intestinal peptide-, and granulin-like peptides isolated from intestinal extracts of goldfish, carassius auratus. | three new peptides were originally isolated from intestinal extracts of goldfish. they were structurally related with somatostatin, vasoactive intestinal peptide (vip), and granulin (grn) and thus termed goldfish somatostatin (gss-28), gvip, and ggrn, respectively. the primary structures of these peptides were determined as: svessnhlpa 10rerkagcknf20ywkgftsc for the gss-28; hsdavftdny10sryrkqmaak20kylnsvla-nh2 for the gvip, and vihcdsstic10 pdgttcclsp20ygvwyccpfs30mgqccrdgih40ccrhgyhcds50tsthclr ... | 1995 | 8536941 |
| molecular and cellular physiology of aromatase in the brain and retina. | due to exceptionally high brain aromatase activity, teleost fish are advantageous for studying neural aromatase regulation, localization, and physiology. to determine the molecular mechanism of enhanced expression, we have isolated, cloned and sequenced a 3 kb full-length aromatase cdna from a goldfish (carassius auratus) brain library using a human placental aromatase cdna as probe. the deduced sequence of goldfish aromatase is 510 amino acids (predicted mw, 58 kda) with 69% overall sequence si ... | 1993 | 8476767 |
| the depth profile of electrically induced tectal sustained potential shift responses in the goldfish (carassius auratus). | tectal sustained potential shifts (spss) were recorded in response to electrical stimulation of the tectal surface in immobilized goldfish using saline-filled glass microelectrodes. the peak amplitudes of surface recorded sps responses were negative, this negativity declining with increasing tectal depth, reversing in polarity at a depth of ca. 350 microns and subsequently increasing in positivity. these opposing sps polarities are attributed to field potentials generated by the source and sink ... | 1993 | 8476383 |
| segmental arrangement of reticulospinal neurons in the goldfish hindbrain. | the hindbrain is evolutionarily conserved among diverse vertebrate phyla. in vertebrate embryos, the hindbrain is segmentally organized as a series of overt swellings known as rhombomeres. in the larval zebrafish brachydanio rerio, conspicuous and identifiable reticulospinal neurons are positioned in the center of rhombomeres. segmentally homologous reticulospinal neurons that share a range of morphological, developmental, and biochemical features occupy adjacent rhombomeres. we have recently sh ... | 1993 | 8454739 |
| goldfish calcitonin: purification, characterization, and hypocalcemic potency. | a novel teleost calcitonin was isolated from the goldfish, carassius auratus, and its amino acid sequence was determined to be h-cys-ser-ser-leu-ser-thr-cys-val-leu-gly- lys-leu-ser-gln-glu-leu-his-lys-leu-gln-thr-tyr-pro-arg-thr-asn-val-gly- ala-gly-thr-pro-nh2. the structure of goldfish calcitonin (gct) was similar to that of salmon calcitonin (sct) but differed from the latter at positions 3, 27, and 29. the hypocalcemic activity of gct was estimated to be 3,470 iu/mg by the standardized rat ... | 1993 | 8454163 |
| prostaglandin-induced female spawning behavior in goldfish (carassius auratus) appears independent of ovarian influence. | this study was conducted to determine whether prostaglandin f2 alpha (pgf)-induced spawning behavior in female goldfish (carassius auratus) is influenced by sex steroids or by the stage of ovarian development (assessed by gonadosomatic index (gsi), ovary weight expressed as a percentage of body weight). in two groups of intact females with gsi values ranging from 0.2 to 16.6% (experiment 1) and 0.6 to 12.7% (experiment 5), respectively, there was a significant positive correlation between pgf-in ... | 1993 | 8440516 |
| in vitro characterization of gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonists in goldfish, carassius auratus. | the two native forms of gnrh, salmon gnrh and chicken gnrh-ii, in the brain and pituitary of goldfish are both active in stimulating gonadotropin-ii (gth-ii) and gh release. the objective of the present study was to characterize gnrh antagonists for their ability to inhibit sgnrh- and cgnrh-ii-induced gth-ii and gh release in goldfish using a pituitary fragments perifusion system. contrary to expectations, putative gnrh antagonists with d-arg6 stimulated gth-ii and gh release in nearly all cases ... | 1993 | 8404604 |
| electrically fused-egg induction and its development in the goldfish, carassius auratus. | in this study, we report the induction of cell fusion between two fertilized eggs and viable chimeric fish from the fused egg in goldfish. chemical fusion by polyethylene glycol between denuded fertilized egg induced egg adhesion but rarely egg fusion. this treatment seemed not suitable for egg fusion, because of tight adhesion between vitelline membrane and surrounding matrix. electrically fertilized egg fusion was successfully induced at the rate of almost 100% under conditions of 400v/cm, 1 m ... | 1993 | 8398675 |
| effects of experimentally induced hyperammonemia on glial fibrillary acidic protein (gfap) in the rhombencephalon of goldfish (carassius auratus l.). | this experimental study was made to know the effect of hyperammonemia on glial fibrillary acidic protein (gfap) in the glial cells of posterior rhombencephalon in the goldfish (carassius auratus l.). hyperammonemia was induced by elevating the ammonia concentration in the tank water to 0.88 mm with ammonium chloride; the ammonia level in the control tank water was < 0.1 mm. the gfap levels were measured at 8, 16, 30, 60, 90 and 120 days. gfap was quantified with a digital analysis system and a t ... | 1993 | 8387165 |
| neuroanatomical substrate for the dorsal light response. i. differential afferent connections of the lateral lobe of the valvula cerebelli in goldfish (carassius auratus). | the afferent connections of the lateral lobe of the valvula cerebelli in goldfish were investigated by retrograde labeling with horseradish peroxidase (hrp). retrogradely labeled neurons were observed ipsilaterally in the lateral nucleus of the valvula and contralaterally in the inferior olivary nucleus after hrp injection into all parts of the lateral valvula. the valvulopetal projections from these nuclei were topographically arranged. after hrp injection confined to the rostral half of the la ... | 1993 | 8387162 |