Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| nitrile biotransformation for highly enantioselective synthesis of 3-substituted 2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylic acids and amides. | biotransformations of differently configured 2,2-dimethyl-3-substitued-cyclopropanecarbonitriles were studied using a nitrile hydratase/amidase-containing rhodococcus sp. aj270 whole-cell catalyst under very mild conditions. although all of the cis-3-aryl-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarbonitriles appeared inert toward the biocatalyst, a number of racemic trans-isomers efficiently underwent a highly enantioselective hydrolysis to produce (+)-(1r,3r)-3-aryl-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylic acids and ... | 2003 | 12530896 |
| biocatalytic asymmetric hydrogen transfer employing rhodococcus ruber dsm 44541. | nonracemic sec-alcohols of opposite absolute configuration were obtained either by asymmetric reduction of the corresponding ketone using 2-propanol as hydrogen donor or by enantioselective oxidation through kinetic resolution of the rac-alcohol using acetone as hydrogen acceptor employing whole lyophilized cells of rhodococcus ruber dsm 44541. the microbial oxidation/reduction system exhibits not only excellent stereo- and enantioselectivity but also a broad substrate spectrum. due to the excep ... | 2003 | 12530865 |
| photodegradation of rdx in aqueous solution: a mechanistic probe for biodegradation with rhodococcus sp. | recently we demonstrated that rhodococcus sp. strain dn22 degraded hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (rdx) (1) aerobically via initial denitration followed by ring cleavage. using ul 14c-[rdx] and ring labeled 15n-[rdx] approximately 30% of the energetic chemical mineralized (one c atom) and 64% converted to a dead end product that was tentatively identified as 4-nitro-2,4-diaza-butanal (ohchnch2nhno2). to have further insight into the role of initial denitration on rdx decomposition, we p ... | 2002 | 12523428 |
| 2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate metabolic pathway genes in a strong polychlorinated biphenyl degrader, rhodococcus sp. strain rha1. | a gram-positive polychlorinated biphenyl (pcb) degrader, rhodococcus sp. strain rha1, metabolizes biphenyl through the 2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate (hpd) and benzoate metabolic pathways. the hpd metabolic pathway genes, the hpd hydratase (bphe1), 4-hydroxy-2-oxovalerate aldolase (bphf1), and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (acylating) (bphg) genes, were cloned from rha1. the deduced amino acid sequences of bphgf1e1 have 30 to 58% identity with those of the hpd metabolic pathway genes of gram-negative ... | 2003 | 12514024 |
| mrna differential display in a microbial enrichment culture: simultaneous identification of three cyclohexanone monooxygenases from three species. | mrna differential display has been used to identify cyclohexanone oxidation genes in a mixed microbial community derived from a wastewater bioreactor. thirteen dna fragments randomly amplified from the total rna of an enrichment subculture exposed to cyclohexanone corresponded to genes predicted to be involved in the degradation of cyclohexanone. nine of these dna fragments are part of genes encoding three distinct baeyer-villiger cyclohexanone monooxygenases from three different bacterial speci ... | 2003 | 12514013 |
| investigations on rhizoplane actinobacteria communities of papyrus (cyperus papyrus) from an egyptian wetland. | wetlands have important global ecological functions, which include carbon storage and water interception. wetland contributes to the maintenance of regional and global biodiversity. though many important wetland ecological functions are based on microbial metabolism, we have scanty knowledge on microbial diversity in wetlands. plant rhizoplane habitats are considered to harbor highly diverse bacterial communities. most of the floating mats on river nile are dominated by papyrus (cyperus papyrus) ... | 2002 | 12512252 |
| rhodococcus maanshanensis sp. nov., a novel actinomycete from soil. | a polyphasic study was undertaken to establish the taxonomic position of a soil isolate that had provisionally been assigned to the genus rhodococcus. the organism showed a combination of phenotypic properties typical of rhodococci and formed a distinct phyletic line within the rhodococcus erythropolis 165 rdna subclade. the organism was readily distinguished from representatives of validly described species classified in this subclade on the basis of dna-dna relatedness and phenotypic data. con ... | 2002 | 12508878 |
| preliminary crystallographic analysis of 3-chlorocatechol 1,2-dioxygenase of a new modified ortho-pathway from the gram-positive rhodococcus opacus 1cp grown on 2-chlorophenol. | 3-chlorocatechol 1,2-dioxygenase (3-clc1,2do), a key enzyme of a new modified ortho-pathway, was isolated from a variant of the gram-positive bacterium rhodococcus opacus 1cp utilizing 2-chlorophenol as the sole energy and carbon source via a 3-chlorocatechol branch of a modified ortho-pathway. 3-clc1,2do catalyzes the intradiol cleavage of 3-chlorocatechol. the enzyme contains fe(iii) ions essential to the catalytic activity; it is a homodimer with a molecular weight of about 58 kda composed of ... | 2003 | 12499567 |
| rhodococcus globerulus keratitis after laser in situ keratomileusis. | a healthy 20-year-old woman with myopia had uneventful bilateral laser in situ keratomileusis after which the uncorrected visual acuity was 20/20 in the right eye and 20/30 in the left eye. fifteen days later, a stromal paraxial lesion was found in the right eye with a corresponding loss of visual acuity, pain, and photophobia. the flap was lifted and the infiltrate scraped for smears. cultures showed that rhodococcus globerulus was the infectious agent. intensive topical antibiotic treatment wa ... | 2002 | 12498868 |
| measurement of strain-dependent toxicity in the indene bioconversion using multiparameter flow cytometry. | the bionconversion of indene to cis-(1s,2r)-indandiol, a potential key intermediate in the synthesis of merck's hiv protease inhibitor, crixivan trade mark, can be achieved using rhodococcus, pseudomonas putida, and escherichia coli strains. this study reports on the application of multiparameter flow cytometry for the measurement of cytoplasmic membrane integrity and membrane depolarization as indicators of toxic effects of the substrate, product, and by-products using each of these strains. me ... | 2003 | 12491526 |
| methyl-beta-cyclodextrin-enhanced solubilization and aerobic biodegradation of polychlorinated biphenyls in two aged-contaminated soils. | the bioremediation of aged polychlorinated biphenyl (pcb)-contaminated soils is adversely affected by the low bioavailability of the pollutants. randomly methylated-beta-cyclodextrins (rameb) were tested as a potential pcb-bioavailability-enhancing agent in the aerobic treatment of two aged-contaminated soils. the soils, contaminated by about 890 and 8500 mg/kg of aroclor 1260 pcbs, were amended with biphenyl (4 g/kg), inorganic nutrients (to adjust their c:n ratio to 20:1), and variable amounts ... | 2003 | 12491523 |
| biocatalytic asymmetric hydrogen transfer. | 2002 | 12491297 | |
| continuous desulfurization of dibenzothiophene with rhodococcusrhodochrous igts8 (atcc 53968). | desulfurization of a model fuel system consisting of hexadecane and dibenzothiophene (dbt) by rhodococcus rhodochrous igts8 was demonstrated in a 2-l continuous stirred tank reactor (cstr). the reactor was operated in a semicontinuous and continuous mode with and without recycling of the model fuel. a constant volumetric desulfurization activity a(t), (in mg hbp l(-1) h(-1)) was maintained in the reactor with a feeding strategy of fresh cell suspension based on a first-order decay of the biocata ... | 2002 | 12467453 |
| triacylglycerols in prokaryotic microorganisms. | triacylglycerols (tag) are fatty acid triesters of glycerol; there are diverse types of tag with different properties depending on their fatty acid composition. the occurrence of tag as reserve compounds is widespread among eukaryotic organisms such as yeast, fungi, plants and animals, whereas occurrence of tag in bacteria has only rarely been described. however, accumulation of tag seems to be widespread among bacteria belonging to the actinomycetes group, such as species of mycobacterium, stre ... | 2002 | 12466875 |
| rhodococcus equi pneumonia in a mare in turkey. | 2002 | 12463539 | |
| alkane hydroxylase homologues in gram-positive strains. | we isolated gram-positive alkane-degraders from soil and a tricking-bed reactor, and show using polymerase chain reaction (pcr) with degenerate alkane hydroxylase primers and southern blots that most rhodococcus isolates contain three to five quite divergent homologues of the pseudomonas putida gpo1 alkb gene. two mycobacterium isolates each contain one homologue, however there is no evidence for the presence of alkb homologues in the remaining strains. | 2002 | 12460275 |
| application of broad-range 16s rrna pcr amplification and dgge fingerprinting for detection of tick-infecting bacteria. | ticks play an important role in the transmission of arthropod-borne diseases of viral, protozoal and bacterial origin. the present article describes a molecular-biological based method, which facilitated the broad-range analyses of bacterial communities in ixodid ticks (ixodes ricinus). dna was extracted both from single ticks and pooled adult ticks. eubacterial 16s rrna gene fragments (16s rdna) were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) with broad-range ribosomal primers. sequences span ... | 2003 | 12459246 |
| antimicrobial activity of a novel des-fluoro (6) quinolone, garenoxacin (bms-284756), compared to other quinolones, against clinical isolates from cancer patients. | the in vitro spectrum of a novel des-fluoro (6) quinolone, garenoxacin (bms-284756), was compared with that of ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, and trovafloxacin against 736 clinical isolates from cancer patients. garenoxacin was the most active agent overall against gram-positive organisms, with potent activity against aerococcus spp., micrococcus spp., rhodococcus equi, stomatococcus mucilaginous, bacillus spp., enterococcus faecalis, listeria monocytogenes, methicillin-susceptible staphylococcus ... | 2002 | 12458127 |
| kinetic studies of biodegradation of insoluble compounds by continuous determination of oxygen consumption. | continuous determination of oxygen consumption by electrolytic respirometry has been experimented as a means to study the biodegradation kinetics of scarcely soluble environmental pollutants. the substrates used were the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pah), naphthalene, phenanthrene, anthracene, fluoranthene and pyrene. the definition of an appropriate mode of pah supply, either as crystals or more generally as a solution in a water non-miscible solvent, was found essential for yielding repro ... | 1997 | 12455894 |
| serum amyloid a (saa) as an aid in the management of infectious disease in the foal: comparison with total leucocyte count, neutrophil count and fibrinogen. | differentiation between infectious and noninfectious disease and rapid initiation of accurate treatment are essential in managing diseases in the neonatal and young foal. identification of useful inflammatory markers for these purposes is, therefore, of great importance. the aim of this study was to compare the responses of the acute phase protein serum amyloid a (saa) with the responses of fibrinogen and total leucocyte and neutrophil counts in infectious diseases encountered in the young foal, ... | 2002 | 12455840 |
| crystallization and preliminary x-ray diffraction analysis of naphthalene dioxygenase from rhodococcus sp. strain ncimb 12038. | the three-component naphthalene dioxygenase (ndo) enzyme system carries out the first step in the aerobic degradation of naphthalene to (+)-cis-(1r,2s)-dihydroxy-1,2-dihydronaphthalene by rhodococcus sp. strain ncimb 12038. the terminal oxygenase component (naphthalene 1,2-dioxygenase) that catalyzes this reaction belongs to the aromatic ring hydroxylating dioxygenase family and has been crystallized. these enzymes utilize a mononuclear non-heme iron centre to catalyze the addition of dioxygen t ... | 2002 | 12454491 |
| microbial surfactants and their use in field studies of soil remediation. | 2002 | 12452947 | |
| cell-surface hydrophobicity and scum formation of rhodococcus rhodochrous strains with different colonial morphologies. | rhodococcus rhodochrous has been reported to be one of the micro-organisms responsible for the formation of scum which is thick and viscous biological foam in activated sludge plants. the hydrophobicity of mycolic acids present on the cell surface and the long-branched shape of the hyphae have been thought to contribute to the scum formation. cell surface hydrophobicity and scum formation of four r. rhodochrous strains with different colony morphologies were determined, and the results showed th ... | 1997 | 12452595 |
| benzothiazole degradation by rhodococcus pyridinovorans strain pa: evidence of a catechol 1,2-dioxygenase activity. | the pathway for biodegradation of benzothiazole (bt) and 2-hydroxybenzothiazole (obt) by rhodococcus pyridinovorans strain pa was studied in detail. the kinetics of biodegradation were monitored by in situ (1)h nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr) in parallel with reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc). successive oxidations from bt to obt and then from obt to dihydroxybenzothiazole were observed. further insight was obtained by using a mutant strain with impaired ability to gr ... | 2002 | 12450835 |
| gene cloning and characterization of multiple alkane hydroxylase systems in rhodococcus strains q15 and nrrl b-16531. | the alkane hydroxylase systems of two rhodococcus strains (nrrl b-16531 and q15, isolated from different geographical locations) were characterized. both organisms contained at least four alkane monooxygenase gene homologs (alkb1, alkb2, alkb3, and alkb4). in both strains, the alkb1 and alkb2 homologs were part of alk gene clusters, each encoding two rubredoxins (ruba1 and ruba2; ruba3 and ruba4), a putative tetr transcriptional regulatory protein (alku1; alku2), and, in the alkb1 cluster, a rub ... | 2002 | 12450813 |
| survival of foals with experimentally induced rhodococcus equi infection given either hyperimmune plasma containing r. equi antibody or normal equine plasma. | the purpose of this study was to determine if colostrum-deprived foals with experimentally induced rhodococcus equi pneumonia have a decreased severity of the disease and decreased mortality rate when given hyperimmune (hi) r. equi antibody plasma (r. equi titer at least 100 % and virulence-associated protein a [vapa] at least 10000) prophylactically versus when given normal equine plasma (r. equi titer less than 20 % and vapa less than 160). sixteen colostrum-deprived foals (r. equi titer less ... | 2002 | 12447842 |
| peritoneal fluid from a febrile foal. | 2002 | 12447781 | |
| serum and mucosal antibodies of infected foals recognized two distinct epitopes of vapa of rhodococcus equi. | virulence-associated protein a (vapa) of rhodococcus equi has been proposed for use both as a vaccine and as a target for antibodies in immunotherapy and diagnostic tests. epitope mapping of vapa allowed the identification of two b cell epitopes associated with r. equi pneumonia. the peptide nlqkdepgrasdt was confirmed as an immunodominant n-terminal b cell epitope recognized by all sera from infected foals while vsfqynavgpylninffdss (c-terminal b cell epitope) was exclusively recognized by iga ... | 2002 | 12443830 |
| isolation and characterization of bacteria from crude petroleum oil contaminated soil and their potential to degrade diesel fuel. | potential hydrocarbon degrader bacteria were isolated from soil samples that have been exposed to crude petroleum oil spills. bacterial population of these polluted soils showed counts ranging between 9.5 x 10(5) and 237.5 x 10(5) cfu/g soil with 2 different colony types of bacterial strains which have been recovered on the agar plates. results indicated that longer aged contamination exhibited a greater number of microorganisms. phenotypic examination of the recovered bacteria revealed that the ... | 2002 | 12442304 |
| disposition of oral clarithromycin in foals. | clarithromycin offers numerous advantages over erythromycin and thus, is an attractive alternative for the treatment of rhodococcus equi infections in foals. the disposition of clarithromycin was investigated in 6 foals after intragastric administration at a dose of 10 mg/kg body weight. detectable serum concentrations of clarithromycin were found in 3 of 6 foals at 10 minutes and in all foals by 20 minutes post-administration. time to peak serum concentration (tmax) was 1.5 hours and peak serum ... | 2002 | 12423226 |
| a novel class of self-sufficient cytochrome p450 monooxygenases in prokaryotes. | the bacillus cytochrome p450 bm3 integrates an entire p450 system in one polypeptide and represents a convenient prokaryotic model for microsomal p450s. this self-sufficient class ii p450 is also present in actinomycetes and fungi. by genome analysis we have identified additional homologues in the pathogenic species bacillus anthracis and bacillus cereus, and in ralstonia metallidurans. this analysis also revealed a novel class of putative self-sufficient p450s, p450 pfor, comprising a class i p ... | 2002 | 12419614 |
| versatile persistence pathways for pathogens of animals and plants. | the glyoxylate cycle and the glycine cleavage system are part of conserved metabolic pathways involved in the chronic persistence of microorganisms in animal hosts. in the chromosome of the plant pathogen rhodococcus fascians, the vic locus has been identified as a region containing genes essential for persistence inside induced leafy galls. sequence analysis showed that this 18-kb locus is syntenic with chromosomal regions of mycobacterium species that encompass the 'persistence' loci of these ... | 2002 | 12419605 |
| identification of pulmonary t-lymphocyte and serum antibody isotype responses associated with protection against rhodococcus equi. | rhodococcus equi infects and causes pneumonia in foals between 2 and 4 months of age but does not induce disease in immunocompetent adults, which are immune and remain clinically normal upon challenge. understanding the protective response against r. equi in adult horses is important in the development of vaccine strategies, since those mechanisms likely reflect the protective phenotype that an effective vaccine would generate in the foal. twelve adult horses were challenged with virulent r. equ ... | 2002 | 12414760 |
| enantioselective stereoinversion in the kinetic resolution of rac-sec-alkyl sulfate esters by hydrolysis with an alkylsulfatase from rhodococcus ruber dsm 44541 furnishes homochiral products. | 2002 | 12412078 | |
| pac1 and pacap expression, signaling, and effect on the growth of hct8, human colonic tumor cells. | the pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (pacap) type 1 receptor (pac1) is a heptahelical, g protein-coupled receptor that has been shown to be expressed by non-squamous lung cancer and breast cancer cell lines, and to be coupled to the growth of these tumors. we have previously shown that pacap and its receptor, pac1, are expressed in rat colonic tissue. in this study, we used polyclonal antibodies directed against the cooh terminal of pac1, as well as fluorescently labeled pacap, ... | 2002 | 12409223 |
| gas exchange during intense exercise in standardbreds with earlier rhodococcus equi pneumonia. | it is not known if pulmonary function and gas exchange during exercise are altered after pyogranulomatous pneumonia caused by rhodococcus equi infection in the foal. the aim was to evaluate whether pulmonary gas exchange during high intensity exercise was altered in mature standardbreds with a history of r. equi pneumonia as foals. in 7 foals, r. equi pneumonia was confirmed and treated. at age 3 years, when these horses were subjected to professional training, an inclined treadmill exercise tes ... | 2002 | 12405730 |
| cerebral infection with rhodococcus equi in a heart transplant recipient. | iatrogenic immunosuppression following organ transplantation leads to an increased number of opportunistic bacterial and viral infections. similar to patients with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection transplant recipients may suffer from rare infectious diseases. herein we report on a patient presenting with a cerebral infection who had previously undergone orthotopic cardiac transplantation. rhodococcus equi was isolated. | 2002 | 12398884 |
| sulfur-selective desulfurization of dibenzothiophene and diesel oil by newly isolated rhodococcus sp. strains. | new desulfurizing bacteria able to convert dibenzothiophene into 2-hydroxybiphenyl and sulfate were isolated from contaminated soils collected in mexican refineries. random amplified polymorphic dna analysis showed they were different from previously reported rhodococcus erythropolis desulfurizing strains. according to 16s rrna gene sequencing and fatty acid analyses, these new isolates belonged to the genus rhodococcus. these strains could desulfurize 4,6-dimethyldibenzothiophene which is one o ... | 2002 | 12393216 |
| [biosensor of the reactor type based on rhodococcus erythropolis hl tm-1 cells for determining 2,4-dinitrophenol]. | a model of a reactor-type biosensor based on the rhodococcus erythropolis hl pm-1 was developed for amperometric detection of 2,4-dinitrophenol (2,4-dnp). the effects of the matrix material (agar and calcium alginate gels, ceramic support, and cellulose powder) on the biosensor signal concentration dependence, detection time, and biosensor stability were studied. in case of bacterial cells immobilized on cellulose powder, the lower limit of 2,4-dnp detection was 20 microm and the time of single ... | 2002 | 12391763 |
| [effect of shale kerogen oxidation products on biodegradation of petroleum and petroleum products in soil and water]. | effect of oxidation products of shale kerogen (high-molecular-weight acids with 6-22 carbon atoms) on biodegradation of oil and oil products in soil and water was studied. high-molecular-weight acids (hmwa) not only affected the layer of oil and/or oil products and dispersed it into small particles, but also stimulated growth of rhodococcus erythropolis vkm as-1339d, degraders of oil and oil products. addition of 0.001-0.003% hmwa to a medium to be purified from oil products increased the extent ... | 2002 | 12391752 |
| purification and characterization of the monooxygenase catalyzing sulfur-atom specific oxidation of dibenzothiophene and benzothiophene from the thermophilic bacterium paenibacillus sp. strain a11-2. | a benzothiophene (bt) and dibenzothiophene (dbt) monooxygenase (tdsc), which catalyzes the oxidation of the sulfur atoms in bt and dbt molecules, was purified from paenibacillus sp. strain a11-2. the molecular mass of the purified enzyme and its subunit were determined to be 200 kda and 43 kda by gel filtration and sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, respectively, indicating a tetrameric structure. the n-terminal amino acid sequence of the purified tdsc completely matched ... | 2002 | 12382053 |
| detection of antibodies against rhodococcus equi in alpaca (lama pacos) in italy. | after isolating the two virulent strains of rhodococcus equi from alpaca, a serological survey of rhodococcus equi infection was carried out on 57 blood samples of alpaca collected in central italy. the survey was performed with an elisa test using a reference r. equi strain as antigen (atcc 33701). four (7.0%) sera (od greater or equal to 0.3) tested positive, while five (8.77%) were considered doubtful (od between 0.2 and 0.3). this is the first serological survey of r. equi infection in alpac ... | 2001 | 12380719 |
| selective transport and accumulation of alkanes by rhodococcus erythropolis s+14he. | selective transport and accumulation of n-alkanes by rhodococcus erythropolis s+14he was studied by growing cells on n-hexadecane, n-octadecane or the branched alkane pristane, and on mixtures of hydrocarbons. ultrastructural analysis by transmission electron microscopy (tem) revealed hydrocarbon inclusion bodies present in cells grown on the three alkanes, but not in cells grown on soluble media or exposed to nonmetabolized 2,2,4,4,6,8,8-heptamethylnonane (hmn). n-hexadecane had the highest rat ... | 2002 | 12378606 |
| the cbs mutant strain of rhodococcus erythropolis ka2-5-1 expresses high levels of dsz enzymes in the presence of sulfate. | two mutants of the dibenzothiophene-desulfurizing rhodococcus erythropolis ka2-5-1, strains ms51 and ms316, which express a high level of desulfurizing activity in the presence of sulfate, were isolated using the transposome technique. the level of dibenzothiophene-desulfurization by cell-free extracts prepared from mutants ms51 and ms316 grown on sulfate was about five-fold higher than that by cell-free extracts of the wild-type. this result was consistent with results of western-blot analysis ... | 2002 | 12375103 |
| biochemical characterization and structural analysis of a highly proficient cocaine esterase. | the bacterial cocaine esterase, coce, hydrolyzes cocaine faster than any other reported cocaine esterase. hydrolysis of the cocaine benzoyl ester follows michaelis-menten kinetics with k(cat) = 7.8 s(-1) and k(m) = 640 nm. a similar rate is observed for hydrolysis of cocaethylene, a more potent cocaine metabolite that has been observed in patients who concurrently abuse cocaine and alcohol. the high catalytic proficiency, lack of observable product inhibition, and ability to hydrolyze both cocai ... | 2002 | 12369817 |
| molecular and functional characterization of the kstd2 gene of rhodococcus erythropolis sq1 encoding a second 3-ketosteroid delta(1)-dehydrogenase isoenzyme. | previously, rhodococcus erythropolis sq1 kstd, encoding ketosteroid delta(1)-dehydrogenase (kstd1) was characterized. surprisingly, a kstd gene deletion mutant (strain rg1) grew normally on steroids. uv mutagenesis of strain rg1 allowed isolation of strains (e.g. strain rg1-uv29) unable to perform the delta(1)-dehydrogenation of 4-androstene-3,17-dione (ad) and 9alpha-hydroxy-4-androstene-3,17-dione (9ohad). functional complementation of strain rg1-uv29 with total genomic dna of strain rg1 resul ... | 2002 | 12368462 |
| cloning, sequencing, and characterization of the hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine degradation gene cluster from rhodococcus rhodochrous. | hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (rdx) is a high explosive which presents an environmental hazard as a major land and groundwater contaminant. rhodococcus rhodochrous strain 11y was isolated from explosive contaminated land and is capable of degrading rdx when provided as the sole source of nitrogen for growth. products of rdx degradation in resting-cell incubations were analyzed and found to include nitrite, formaldehyde, and formate. no ammonium was excreted into the medium, and no dead ... | 2002 | 12324318 |
| evaluation of 5 serologic assays to detect rhodococcus equi pneumonia in foals. | to determine the sensitivity and specificity of 5 serologic assays used to diagnose rhodococcus equi pneumonia in foals and to determine whether any of the assays could be used to identify affected foals prior to the onset of clinical signs or to differentiate between affected and unaffected foals when clinical signs first become apparent. | 2002 | 12322921 |
| cholesterol oxidase and resistance of rhodococcus equi to peroxidative stress in vitro in the presence of cholesterol. | rhodococcus equi is a well-characterized bacterial pathogen which lyses cell membranes with the help of cholesterol oxidase (co). survival in macrophages is warranted by its ability to resist reactive radicals via catalase and superoxide dismutase (sod). therefore, co production in the absence or presence of 0.1 % cholesterol and sensitivity to exogenous hydrogen peroxide (h2o2) and superoxide anion (soa) were tested in seven strains of r. equi in vitro. when r. equi strains were grown on agar p ... | 2002 | 12241035 |
| bacterial flora in foals with upper respiratory tract infections in poland. | bacteria isolated from nasal cavity of 80 foals with upper respiratory tract infection, as well as from 20 healthy foals, were examined. within the group of sick animals, from 18 (22.5%) bacteria with recognized pathogenicity were isolated. coagulase-negative staphylococci and acinetobacter sp. were the dominant species identified (100 and 45%, respectively). no bacteria species with recognized pathogenicity were isolated from the group of healthy animals. three cases of death within the group o ... | 2002 | 12241031 |
| rhodococcus equi pleuropneumonia in an adult horse. | a 10-year-old warmblood gelding was evaluated for intermittent pyrexia, dullness, weight loss, and progressive respiratory disease. multifocal necrotic pneumonia and pleuritis due to rhodococcus equi infection was diagnosed. case management is discussed, as well as factors that may have led to this rare cause of pleuropneumonia in an adult horse. | 2002 | 12240529 |
| molecular epidemiology of vapa-positive rhodococcus equi in thoroughbred horses in kagoshima, japan. | the prevalence of virulent r. equi having 15- to 17-kda antigens (vapa) in fecal isolates from 13 thoroughbred foals and their dams on 5 farms in kagoshima, japan, and the plasmid profiles of vapa-positive isolates by restriction fragment digestion patterns were investigated to compare the genotypic variation among virulence plasmids of r. equi isolates from japan. in total, 218 (24.6%) of 886 isolates from the feces of the 13 foals and 13 (12.5%) of 104 isolates from the feces of their dams dem ... | 2002 | 12237518 |
| [primary pyomiositis by rhodococcus spp. in an immunocompetent patient]. | 2002 | 12236992 | |
| central venous catheter-related bacteremia due to tsukamurella species in the immunocompromised host: a case series and review of the literature. | we report 6 cases of bacteremia due to tsukamurella species, all of which were in immunosuppressed patients with indwelling central venous catheters (cvcs). fewer than 20 cases of serious illness due to these gram-positive bacilli have been reported in the medical literature; these cases have mostly been ascribed to the species tsukamurella paurometabola. tsukamurella species are frequently misidentified as rhodococcus or corynebacterium species. we used high-performance liquid chromatography to ... | 2002 | 12228839 |
| identification of the source of faecal pollution in contaminated rivers. | identifying the source of faecal pollution is important to enable appropriate management of faecal pollution of water. four independent assays for faecal source discrimination have been developed and implemented in our lab. these assays detect fluorescent whitening agents, faecal sterols, bifidobacterium adolescentis and rhodococcus coprophilus. the combination of these indicators is able to identify human derived faecal pollution in rivers containing inputs from septic tanks, municipal oxidatio ... | 2002 | 12227609 |
| application of multi-parameter flow cytometry using fluorescent probes to study substrate toxicity in the indene bioconversion. | the bioconversion of indene to cis-(1s,2r) indandiol, a potential key intermediate in the synthesis of merck's hiv protease inhibitor, crixivan trade mark, can be achieved using a rhodococcus strain. this study using rhodococcus i24 reports on the application of multiparameter flow cytometry for the measurement of cell physiological properties based on cytoplasmic membrane (cm) integrity and membrane depolarization as indicators of toxic effects of the substrate, indene. quantification of intact ... | 2002 | 12226855 |
| isolation and characterization of a moderate thermophile, mycobacterium phlei gtis10, capable of dibenzothiophene desulfurization. | an organism, identified as mycobacterium phlei gtis10, was isolated based on its ability to use dibenzothiophene (dbt) as a sole source of sulfur for growth at 30-52 degrees c. similar to other biodesulfurization-competent organisms, m. phlei gtis10 converts dbt to 2-hydroxybiphenyl (2-hbp), as detected by hplc. the specific desulfurization activity of the 50 degrees c m. phlei gtis10 culture was determined to be 1.1+/-0.07 micromol 2-hbp min(-1) (g dry cell)(-1). m. phlei gtis10 can also utiliz ... | 2002 | 12226734 |
| flavin reductase coupling with two monooxygenases involved in dibenzothiophene desulfurization: purification and characterization from a non-desulfurizing bacterium, paenibacillus polymyxa a-1. | the dibenzothiophene (dbt) desulfurizing bacterium metabolizes dbt to form 2-hydroxybiphenyl without breaking the carbon skeleton. of the dbt desulfurization enzymes, dszc and dsza catalyze monooxygenation reactions, both requiring flavin reductase. we searched for non-dbt-desulfurizing microorganisms producing a flavin reductase that couples more efficiently with dszc than that produced by the dbt desulfurizing bacterium rhodococcus erythropolis d-1, and found paenibacillus polymyxa a-1 to be a ... | 2002 | 12226720 |
| isolation and characterization of dibenzofuran-degrading actinomycetes: analysis of multiple extradiol dioxygenase genes in dibenzofuran-degrading rhodococcus species. | sixteen actinomycetes capable of utilizing dibenzofuran as a sole source of carbon and energy were isolated, including rhodococcus, microbacterium, and terrabacter genera. heretofore, no dibenzofuran-utilizing strain belonging to the genus microbacterium has been reported. five extradiol dioxygenase genes (dfdb, and edil to 4) of the strain rhodococcus sp. yk2 were cloned and analyzed. the nucleotide sequence of dfdb gene was almost identical to the bphc1 gene of terrabacter sp. dpo360, which wa ... | 2002 | 12224629 |
| characterization of virulence plasmid types in rhodococcus equi isolates from foals, pigs, humans and soil in hungary. | rhodococcus equi isolates (204) obtained from foals (lung abscesses, lymph nodes, nasal discharge, rectal swabs) bred in 15 studs located throughout hungary, isolates from soil samples, lymph nodes of pigs and from lesions of human patients were examined to determine genotypic diversity of virulence-associated plasmids. isolates were tested for the presence of 15-17 kda virulence-associated protein antigen (vapa) and 20k da (vapb) genes by polymerase chain reaction (pcr). plasmid dnas were isola ... | 2002 | 12220812 |
| a new modified ortho cleavage pathway of 3-chlorocatechol degradation by rhodococcus opacus 1cp: genetic and biochemical evidence. | the 4-chloro- and 2,4-dichlorophenol-degrading strain rhodococcus opacus 1cp has previously been shown to acquire, during prolonged adaptation, the ability to mineralize 2-chlorophenol. in addition, homogeneous chlorocatechol 1,2-dioxygenase from 2-chlorophenol-grown biomass has shown relatively high activity towards 3-chlorocatechol. based on sequences of the n terminus and tryptic peptides of this enzyme, degenerate pcr primers were now designed and used for cloning of the respective gene from ... | 2002 | 12218013 |
| role of surgery in rhodococcus equi pulmonary infections. | rhodococcus equi (r. equi) is a soil-dwelling bacterium that is increasingly associated with pulmonary infections in immunocompromised patients. while antibiotic therapy remains the cornerstone of treatment, surgery combined with antibiotics has an important role in select cases. we report two cases of pulmonary r. equi in immunocompromised patients who were treated with antibiotics, followed by surgical resection of the infected tissues, and then long-term antibiotics. both patients had excelle ... | 2002 | 12217735 |
| dispelling the "nocardia amarae" myth: a phylogenetic and phenotypic study of mycolic acid-containing actinomycetes isolated from activated sludge foam. | right-angle branched filaments and rods micromanipulated from activated sludge foam and mixed liquor were identified as putatively novel members of the genera gordonia, mycobacterium and rhodococcus using a combination of chemical, molecular and morphological data. pyrolysis mass spectrometric analyses of gordoniae isolated in both the present and a previous study revealed pyro-groups, distinct from validly described gordonia species, which could be equated with those based on morphological prop ... | 2002 | 12216692 |
| fighting foam with phages? | seventeen (17) phages infective for the mycolata were isolated from six samples of activated sludge using 21 prospective hosts from the genera dietzia, gordonia, nocardia, rhodococcus, tsukamurella and mycobacterium. their morphology indicated that they were all members of the viral family siphoviridae, but they varied in the size of the icosahedral head and length of non-contractile tail, suggesting they were different. this was confirmed by host-range studies with 47 strains of mycolata, which ... | 2002 | 12216679 |
| practical and convenient enzymatic synthesis of enantiopure alpha-amino acids and amides. | catalyzed by the nitrile hydratase and the amidease in rhodococcus sp. aj270 cells under very mild conditions, a number of alpha-aryl- and alpha-alkyl-substituted dl-glycine nitriles 1 rapidly underwent a highly enantioselective hydrolysis to afford d-(-)-alpha-amino acid amides 2 and l-(+)-alpha-amino acids 3 in high yields with excellent enantiomeric excesses in most cases. the overall enantioselectivity of the biotransformations of nitriles originated from the combined effects of a high l-ena ... | 2002 | 12201779 |
| rhamnolipid stimulates uptake of hydrophobic compounds by pseudomonas aeruginosa. | the biodegradation of hexadecane by five biosurfactant-producing bacterial strains (pseudomonas aeruginosa ug2, acinetobacter calcoaceticus rag1, rhodococcus erythropolis dsm 43066, r. erythropolis atcc 19558, and strain bcg112) was determined in the presence and absence of exogenously added biosurfactants. the degradation of hexadecane by p. aeruginosa was stimulated only by the rhamnolipid biosurfactant produced by the same organism. this rhamnolipid did not stimulate the biodegradation of hex ... | 2002 | 12200306 |
| recombinant rhodococcus sp. strain t09 can desulfurize dbt in the presence of inorganic sulfate. | the putative rhodococcus rrn promoter region was cloned from the benzothiophene desulfurizing rhodococcus sp. strain t09, and the dibenzothiophene desulfurizing gene, dsz, was expressed under the control of the putative rrn promoter in the strain t09 using a rhodococcus-e.coli shuttle vector. strain t09 harboring the expression vector, pnt, could desulfurize dibenzothiophene in the presence of inorganic sulfate, methionine, or cysteine, while the dsz phenotype was completely repressed in recombi ... | 2002 | 12192519 |
| crystal structures of a meta-cleavage product hydrolase from pseudomonas fluorescens ip01 (cumd) complexed with cleavage products. | 2-hydroxy-6-oxo-7-methylocta-2,4-dienoate hydrolase (cumd) from pseudomonas fluorescens ip01 hydrolyzes a meta-cleavage product generated in the cumene (isopropylbenzene) degradation pathway. the crystal structures of the inactive s103a mutant of the cumd enzyme complexed with isobutyrate and acetate ions were determined at 1.6 and 2.0 a resolution, respectively. the isobutyrate and acetate ions were located at the same position in the active site, and occupied the site for a part of the hydroly ... | 2002 | 12192074 |
| molecular and functional characterization of ksha and kshb, encoding two components of 3-ketosteroid 9alpha-hydroxylase, a class ia monooxygenase, in rhodococcus erythropolis strain sq1. | 9 alpha-hydroxylation of 4-androstene-3,17-dione (ad) and 1,4-androstadiene-3,17-dione (add) is catalysed by 3-ketosteroid 9 alpha-hydroxylase (ksh), a key enzyme in microbial steroid catabolism. very limited knowledge is presently available on the ksh enzyme. here, we report for the first time the identification and molecular characterization of genes encoding ksh activity. the ksha and kshb genes, encoding ksh in rhodococcus erythropolis strain sq1, were cloned by functional complementation of ... | 2002 | 12180920 |
| the principal determinants for the structure of the substrate-binding pocket are located within a central core of a biphenyl dioxygenase alpha subunit. | protein engineering by segment exchange was used to distinguish between regions of major and minor influence on the structure of the substrate-binding pocket of a biphenyl dioxygenase (bdo). eight chimaeric enzyme systems were generated that each consisted of a hybrid hydroxylase alpha subunit (bpha1) containing segments from burkholderia sp. strain lb400 and rhodococcus globerulus p6, and of a hydroxylase beta subunit (bpha2), a ferredoxin (bpha3) and a ferredoxin reductase (bpha4) from strain ... | 2002 | 12177337 |
| evidence that rdx biodegradation by rhodococcus strain dn22 is plasmid-borne and involves a cytochrome p-450. | to investigate the biodegradation of the explosive compound rdx in rhodococcus strain dn22, a bacterium previously isolated for its ability to grow on rdx as sole nitrogen source. | 2002 | 12174045 |
| population dynamics of free-floating and attached bacteria in a styrene-degrading biotrickling filter analyzed by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. | population dynamics was studied in a 52-l biotrickling filter (btf) operated for 182 days and used to clean air contaminated with styrene vapors. in the btf, biomass grew either as free-floating (planktonic) or attached (sessile) microorganisms. pcr-amplified 16s rdna fragments from planktonic and sessile cells within the bioreactor were analyzed using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge). the results indicated that the complexity of biofilm community was always more pronounced than th ... | 2002 | 12172630 |
| p450(camr), a cytochrome p450 catalysing the stereospecific 6- endo-hydroxylation of (1 r)-(+)-camphor. | rhodococcus sp. ncimb 9784 accumulated 6- endo-hydroxycamphor 3 when grown on (1 r)-(+)-camphor 1 as sole carbon source. the structure of 3 has been unambiguously assigned for the first time using x-ray crystallography. a soluble cytochrome p450 hydroxylase, induced by growth on (1 r)-(+)-camphor and designated p450(camr), has been isolated from the bacterium rhodococcus sp. ncimb 9784. using authentic 6- endo hydroxycamphor as standard, a cell-free system consisting of pure p450(camr) and putid ... | 2002 | 12172608 |
| engineering an indene bioconversion process for the production of cis-aminoindanol: a model system for the production of chiral synthons. | cis-aminoindanol, a key chiral precursor to the hiv protease inhibitor crixivan, can be derived from indene oxidation products of (2r) stereochemistry. a number of different microorganisms, notably strains of the genera pseudomonas and rhodococcus, have been isolated that catalyze the oxygenation of indene to indandiol with greater stereospecificity than is achievable through traditional chemical synthesis. the yield and ultimate optical purity of indandiol produced in such biocatalytic processe ... | 2002 | 12172601 |
| tolerance of bacteria to organic solvents. | organic-solvent-tolerant bacteria are a relatively novel group of extremophilic microorganisms. they overcome the toxic and destructive effects of organic solvents due to the presence of various adaptive mechanisms. extensive studies done on the toluene tolerance of certain pseudomonas strains have led to an understanding of the mechanisms of organic solvent tolerance involving novel adaptations such as the toluene efflux pumps, cis-trans isomerisation of membrane fatty acids, rapid membrane rep ... | 2002 | 12160316 |
| detection of rhodococcus equi by polymerase chain reaction using species-specific nonproprietary primers. | species-specific primers for the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) for the detection of rhodococcus equi were developed. these primers were based on unique dna fragments produced from r. equi reference strains and field isolates. following random amplification of polymorphic dna from r. equi and r. rhodochrous with a set of 40 arbitrary 10-base pair (bp) primers, a pair of species-specific primers was designed to detect a unique 700-bp fragment of r. equi chromosomal dna. this pcr product was limi ... | 2002 | 12152820 |
| [study on production of acrylamide by microbial method (ii)--enzyme catalytic kinetics and de-active dynamics of nitrile hydratase]. | the hydration reaction by microbial method is the crisis of the procedure of acrylamide production from acrylonitrile. this research studied the enzyme catalytic kinetics and de-active kinetics of nitrile hydratase in the type of free cell. firstly, the effects of the concentration of cells, the temperature, ph value, the concentration of acrylonitrile and the concentration of acrylamide on the activity of nitrile hydratase was investigated. the result is that the temperature and the concentrati ... | 2002 | 12148289 |
| biodesulfurization of naphthothiophene and benzothiophene through selective cleavage of carbon-sulfur bonds by rhodococcus sp. strain wu-k2r. | naphtho[2,1-b]thiophene (nth) is an asymmetric structural isomer of dibenzothiophene (dbt), and in addition to dbt derivatives, nth derivatives can also be detected in diesel oil following hydrodesulfurization treatment. rhodococcus sp. strain wu-k2r was newly isolated from soil for its ability to grow in a medium with nth as the sole source of sulfur, and growing cells of wu-k2r degraded 0.27 mm nth within 7 days. wu-k2r could also grow in the medium with nth sulfone, benzothiophene (bth), 3-me ... | 2002 | 12147483 |
| plasmid-borne genes code for an angular dioxygenase involved in dibenzofuran degradation by terrabacter sp. strain yk3. | the genes responsible for angular dioxygenation of dibenzofuran in actinomycetes were cloned by using a degenerate set of pcr primers designed by using conserved sequences of the dioxygenase alpha subunit genes. one sequence of alpha subunit genes was commonly amplified from four dibenzofuran-utilizing actinomycetes: terrabacter sp. strains yk1 and yk3, rhodococcus sp. strain yk2, and microbacterium sp. strain yk18. a 5.2-kb psti fragment encoding the alpha and beta subunits of the terminal diox ... | 2002 | 12147464 |
| a novel enzyme, 2'-hydroxybiphenyl-2-sulfinate desulfinase (dszb), from a dibenzothiophene-desulfurizing bacterium rhodococcus erythropolis ka2-5-1: gene overexpression and enzyme characterization. | dibenzothiophene (dbt), a model of organic sulfur compound in petroleum, is microbially desulfurized to 2-hydroxybiphenyl (2-hbp), and the gene operon dszabc was required for dbt desulfurization. the final step in the microbial dbt desulfurization is the conversion of 2'-hydroxybiphenyl-2-sulfinate (hbpsi) to 2-hbp catalyzed by dszb. in this study, dszb of a dbt-desulfurizing bacterium rhodococcus erythropolis ka2-5-1 was overproduced in escherichia coli by coexpression with chaperonin genes, gr ... | 2002 | 12147352 |
| [the efficient accumulation of cesium ions by rhodococcus cells]. | bacteria of the genus rhodococcus were found to be able to accumulate cesium by means of active transport and nonspecific sorption on the cell surface structures. the maximum removal (up to 97%) of cesium from a medium with ammonium acetate was observed at 28 degrees c, ph 7.8-8.6, and an equimolar content (0.2 mm) of potassium and cesium ions in the medium. the most active cesium-accumulating rhodococcus sp. strains can be used for purification of industrial wastewaters contaminated with radion ... | 2002 | 12138767 |
| identification of virulence-associated antigens and plasmids in rhodococcus equi from patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome and prevalence of virulent r. equi in soil collected from domestic animal farms in chiang mai, thailand. | the prevalence of virulent rhodococcus equi in soil collected from 17 domestic animal farms (from 12 cattle, 1 pig, and 4 horse farms) and in 6 clinical specimens from patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids) in chiang mai, thailand, was investigated. the isolates were tested for the presence of 15-17-kda antigens (vapa) and a 20-kda antigen (vapb) by immunoblotting and for the presence of virulence plasmid dna. rhodococcus equi was isolated from most soil samples (68 of 80) obta ... | 2002 | 12135268 |
| use of both 16s rrna and engineered functional genes with real-time pcr to quantify an engineered, pcb-degrading rhodococcus in soil. | a real-time pcr (rtm-pcr) assay using fluorescently labeled oligonucleotides (taqman probes) was used to detect and quantify the recombinant rhodococcus sp. strain rha1(fcb) in soil. one primer and probe set targeted a hypervariable region of the 16s rrna gene unique to strain rha1(fcb) and its phylogenetic relatives, and the other set targeted the recombinant 4-chlorobenzoate (4-cba) degradation operon (fcb) and was strain-specific. the method had a 6-log dynamic range of detection (10(2)-10(7) ... | 2002 | 12133610 |
| rhodococcus equi: pulmonary cavitation lesion in patient infected with hiv cured by levofloxacin and rifampicin. | 2002 | 12131231 | |
| rhodococcus equi infection in transplant recipients: a case of mistaken identity and review of the literature. | the incidence of rhodococcus equi infection in solid-organ transplant recipients continues to rise throughout the world. unfortunately, this opportunistic pathogen is still underestimated and potentially disregarded by physicians and microbiology laboratories due to its morphology on gram staining. pulmonary involvement is the most common finding in the immunocompromised host. we report a case of a 63-year-old heart-transplant recipient who presented with increasing fatigue and nonproductive cou ... | 2002 | 12123427 |
| rhodococcus equi pulmonary infection in a pancreas-alone transplant recipient: consequence of intense immunosuppression. | we report the case of a pancreas-alone transplant recipient who developed rhodococcus equi pneumonia after receiving multiple courses of antilymphocyte therapy for the treatment of recurrent acute pancreas allograft rejection. we also review and discuss the diagnosis, clinical course, and treatment of 18 cases of r. equi infection reported in solid organ transplant recipients. the lung is the most common primary site of infection, but r. equi infection is difficult to diagnose because of the ple ... | 2002 | 12123426 |
| site-directed mutagenesis for cysteine residues of cobalt-containing nitrile hydratase. | three cysteine residues, which are completely conserved among alpha-subunits in all nitrile hydratases, are thought to be the ligands of a metal ion in the catalytic center of this enzyme. these cysteine residues (i.e. alpha c102, alpha c105 and alpha c107) in the high-molecular-mass nitrile hydratase (h-nhase) of rhodococcus rhodochrous j1 were replaced with alanine by site-directed mutagenesis using the r. rhodochrous atcc12674 host-vector system, and the resultant transformants were investiga ... | 2002 | 12121763 |
| a two-step, one-pot enzymatic synthesis of cephalexin from d-phenylglycine nitrile. | a cascade of two enzymatic transformations is employed in a one-pot synthesis of cephalexin. the nitrile hydratase (from r. rhodochrous mawe)-catalyzed hydration of d-phenylglycine nitrile to the corresponding amide was combined with the penicillin g acylase (penicillin amidohydrolase, e.c. 3.5.1.11)-catalyzed acylation of 7-adca with the in situ-formed amide to afford a two-step, one-pot synthesis of cephalexin. d-phenylglycine nitrile appeared to have a remarkable selective inhibitory effect o ... | 2002 | 12115424 |
| biodesulfurization of benzothiophene and dibenzothiophene by a newly isolated rhodococcus strain. | rhodococcus sp. kt462, which can grow on either benzothiophene (bt) or dibenzothiophene (dbt) as the sole source of sulfur, was newly isolated and characterized. gc and gc-ms analyses revealed that strain kt462 has the same bt desulfurization pathway as that reported for paenibacillus sp. a11-2 and sinorhizobium sp. kt55. the desulfurized product of dbt produced by this strain, as well as other dbt-desulfurizing bacteria such as r. erythropolis ka2-5-1 and r. erythropolis igts8, was 2-hydroxybip ... | 2002 | 12111165 |
| alkanotrophic rhodococcus ruber as a biosurfactant producer. | in this report we examined the structure and properties of surface-active lipids of rhodococcus ruber. most historical interest has been in the glycolipids of rhodococcus erythropolis, which have been extensively characterised. r. erythropolis has been of interest due to its great metabolic diversity. only recently has the metabolic potential of r. ruber begun to be explored. one major difference in the two species is that most r. ruber strains are able to oxidise the gaseous alkanes propane and ... | 2002 | 12111164 |
| [rhodococcus equi infection: a rare cause of cutaneous vasculitis]. | 2002 | 12108184 | |
| increased pulmonary activation of nuclear factor-kappab (nf-kappab) in foals inoculated with rhodococcus equi is associated with increased expression of inflammatory cytokines. | previous studies revealed that foals inoculated with virulent rhodococcus equi had significantly higher pulmonary levels of interleukin-1beta, interleukin-12 p40, interferon-gamma, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha mrna compared to foals inoculated with an avirulent plasmid-cured derivative. the purpose of this study was to determine if the increases in cytokine expression were associated with increased pulmonary activation of nuclear factor-kappab (nf-kappab). electrophoretic mobility shift assay ... | 2002 | 12102205 |
| biodegradation of 1,2,3-trichloropropane through directed evolution and heterologous expression of a haloalkane dehalogenase gene. | using a combined strategy of random mutagenesis of haloalkane dehalogenase and genetic engineering of a chloropropanol-utilizing bacterium, we constructed an organism that is capable of growth on 1,2,3-trichloropropane (tcp). this highly toxic and recalcitrant compound is a waste product generated from the manufacture of the industrial chemical epichlorohydrin. attempts to select and enrich bacterial cultures that can degrade tcp from environmental samples have repeatedly been unsuccessful, proh ... | 2002 | 12089046 |
| cloning and heterologous expression of an enantioselective amidase from rhodococcus erythropolis strain mp50. | the gene for an enantioselective amidase was cloned from rhodococcus erythropolis mp50, which utilizes various aromatic nitriles via a nitrile hydratase/amidase system as nitrogen sources. the gene encoded a protein of 525 amino acids which corresponded to a protein with a molecular mass of 55.5 kda. the deduced complete amino acid sequence showed homology to other enantioselective amidases from different bacterial genera. the nucleotide sequence approximately 2.5 kb upstream and downstream of t ... | 2002 | 12089004 |
| monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon degradation by rhodococcus sp. strain dk17. | rhodococcus sp. strain dk17 was isolated from soil and analyzed for the ability to grow on o-xylene as the sole carbon and energy source. although dk17 cannot grow on m- and p-xylene, it is capable of growth on benzene, phenol, toluene, ethylbenzene, isopropylbenzene, and other alkylbenzene isomers. one uv-generated mutant strain, dk176, simultaneously lost the ability to grow on o-xylene, ethylbenzene, isopropylbenzene, toluene, and benzene, although it could still grow on phenol. the mutant st ... | 2002 | 12089003 |
| identification of a new class of cytochrome p450 from a rhodococcus sp. | a degenerate set of pcr primers were used to clone a gene encoding a cytochrome p450 (the p450rhf gene) from rhodococcus sp. strain ncimb 9784 which is of unique primary structural organization. surprisingly, analysis of the translation product revealed that the p450 is fused to a reductase domain at the c terminus which displays sequence conservation for dioxygenase reductase proteins. the reductase partner comprises flavin mononucleotide- and nadh-binding motifs and a [2fe2s] ferredoxin-like c ... | 2002 | 12081961 |
| family shuffling of a targeted bpha region to engineer biphenyl dioxygenase. | in this work we used a new strategy designed to reduce the size of the library that needs to be explored in family shuffling to evolve new biphenyl dioxygenases (bpdos). instead of shuffling the whole gene, we have targeted a fragment of bpha that is critical for enzyme specificity. we also describe a new protocol to screen for more potent bpdos that is based on the detection of catechol metabolites from chlorobiphenyls. several bpha variants with extended potency to degrade polychlorinated biph ... | 2002 | 12081948 |
| selection of microbial consortia for treating metal-working fluids. | the aim of this research was to determine the effectiveness of a strategy for constructing microbial consortia for treating chemically mixed industrial effluent, based on a more thorough understanding of communities within waste metal-working fluids (mwfs). complementary phenotypic and genotypic methods revealed that the microbial communities in spent mwfs had low diversity and were very similar in species composition in samples originating from different locations and uses. of 65 bacterial isol ... | 2002 | 12080423 |
| cometabolic ring fission of dibenzofuran by gram-negative and gram-positive biphenyl-utilizing bacteria. | thirty-five strains of soil bacteria were grown with biphenyl (bp) and tested for their capacity to cooxidize dibenzofuran (dbf). during metabolism of dbf, the culture medium of 17 strains changed from colorless to orange, indicating a meta-cleavage pathway of dbf degradation. the ring cleavage product of these isolates was shown to be 2-hydroxy-4-(3'-oxo-3' h-benzofuran-2'-yliden)but-2-enoic acid (hobb). the strain sbug 271, studied in detail and identified as rhodococcus erythropolis, degraded ... | 2002 | 12073133 |
| a novel lipoarabinomannan from the equine pathogen rhodococcus equi. structure and effect on macrophage cytokine production. | rhodococcus equi is a major cause of foal morbidity and mortality. we have investigated the presence of lipoglycan in this organism as closely related bacteria, notably mycobacterium tuberculosis, produce lipoarabinomannans (lam) that may play multiple roles as virulence determinants. the lipoglycan was structurally characterized by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry following permethylation, capillary electrophoresis after chemical degradation, and (1)h and (31)p and two-dimensional heteronuc ... | 2002 | 12072437 |