Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
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| rapid synthesis, rna binding, and antibacterial screening of a peptidic-aminosugar (pa) library. | a 215-member mono- and diamino acid peptidic-aminosugar (pa) library, with neomycin as the model aminosugar, was systematically and rapidly synthesized via solid phase synthesis. antibacterial activities of the pa library, on 13 bacterial strains (seven gram-positive and six gram-negative bacterial strains), and binding affinities of the pa library for a 27-base model of the bacterial 16s ribosomal a-site rna were evaluated using high-throughput screening. the results of the two assays were corr ... | 2015 | 25706406 |
| colistin for lung infection: an update. | increasing incidence of resistance of gram-negative bacteria against even newer antibiotic including carbapenem has generated interest in the old antibiotic colistin, which are being used as salvage therapy in the treatment of multidrug resistant infection. colistin has excellent bactericidal activity against most gram-negative bacilli. it has shown persist level in the liver, kidney, heart, and muscle; while it is poorly distributed to the bones, cerebrospinal fluid, lung parenchyma, and pleura ... | 2015 | 25705428 |
| evaluation of semi-quantitative scoring of gram staining or semi-quantitative culture for the diagnosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia: a retrospective comparison with quantitative culture. | semi-quantitative gram stain and culture methods are still commonly used for diagnosing ventilator-associated pneumonia (vap), due to its convenience. only a few studies, however, have assessed the reliability of these methods when compared with quantitative cultures, a current standard for the diagnosis of vap. the objective of this study was to assess the utility of semi-quantitative scores obtained using gram stains and cultures of endotracheal aspirates when compared with quantitative cultur ... | 2013 | 25705397 |
| bacterial urinary tract infection in renal transplant recipients and their antibiotic resistance pattern: a four-year study. | urinary tract infections (utis) are the most common infections in renal transplant recipients and are considered a potential cause of bacteremia, sepsis, and affects graft outcomes. the aim of the present study was to determine the incidence of uti among renal transplant recipients and investigation of antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of causative agents. | 2014 | 25705355 |
| matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tof) directly from positive blood culture flasks allows rapid identification of bloodstream infections in immunosuppressed hosts. | in immunosuppressed hosts, rapid identification of microorganisms of bloodstream infections is crucial to ensuring effective antimicrobial therapy. conventional culture requires up to 72 h from sample collection to pathogen identification. | 2015 | 25704776 |
| structural and functional features of enzymes of mycobacterium tuberculosis peptidoglycan biosynthesis as targets for drug development. | tuberculosis (tb) is the second leading cause of human mortality from infectious diseases worldwide. the who reported 1.3 million deaths and 8.6 million new cases of tb in 2012. mycobacterium tuberculosis (m. tuberculosis), the infectious bacteria that causes tb, is encapsulated by a thick and robust cell wall. the innermost segment of the cell wall is comprised of peptidoglycan, a layer that is required for survival and growth of the pathogen. enzymes that catalyse biosynthesis of the peptidogl ... | 2015 | 25701501 |
| bacteriological investigation of chronic wounds in a specialized wound healing department: a retrospective analysis of 107 cases. | to investigate the information of chronic wounds, especially in the aspect of microbiological profile and to explore the relationship between the wound culture result and chronic wounds infection, we retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 107 patients with chronic wounds from january 2011 to december 2013. the sociodemographic data, wound-related information, therapeutic type, and wound infection status were extracted. microbial specimens were obtained and processed using standard hospi ... | 2015 | 25700708 |
| lesser-known or hidden reservoirs of infection and implications for adequate prevention strategies: where to look and what to look for. | in developing hygiene strategies, in recent years, the major focus has been on the hands as the key route of infection transmission. however, there is a multitude of lesser-known and underestimated reservoirs for microorganisms which are the triggering sources and vehicles for outbreaks or sporadic cases of infection. among those are water reservoirs such as sink drains, fixtures, decorative water fountains and waste-water treatment plants, frequently touched textile surfaces such as private cur ... | 2015 | 25699227 |
| effect of iaa on in vitro growth and colonization of nostoc in plant roots. | nostoc is widely known for its ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen and the establishment of symbiotic relationship with a wide range of plants from various taxonomic groups. several strains of nostoc produce phytohormones that promote growth of its plant partners. nostoc os-1 was therefore selected for study because of the presence of putative ipdc gene that encodes a key enzyme to produce indole-3-acetic acid (iaa). the results indicated that both cellular and released iaa was found high with i ... | 2015 | 25699072 |
| direct susceptibility testing by disk diffusion on clinical samples: a rapid and accurate tool for antibiotic stewardship. | we compared the accuracy of direct susceptibility testing (dst) with conventional antimicrobial susceptibility testing (ast), both using disk diffusion, on clinical samples. a total of 123 clinical samples (respiratory tract samples, urine, vaginal and abdominal abscess discharges, bile fluid and a haematoma punctate) were selected on various indications; direct inoculation on mueller-hinton agar and antibiotic paper disks were applied. in parallel, standard culture, identification and ast on th ... | 2015 | 25698312 |
| assessment of species and antimicrobial resistance among enterobacteriaceae isolated from mallard duck faeces. | mallard ducks have demonstrated to be a likely reservoir for zoonotic e. coli strains; thus, it is possible that these ducks could also act as a reservoir for other enterobacteriaceae members. the present study was initiated to evaluate the species distribution of enterobacteriaceae other than e. coli in 175 fresh faecal samples collected from a population of mallard ducks. sixty-four samples displayed detectable colonies of enterobacteriaceae (excluding e. coli), which resulted in 75 pulsed-fie ... | 2015 | 25697309 |
| enterobacter cloacae pericardial effusion in a frail elderly patient. | we report a case of a frail 82-year-old man with seronegative rheumatoid arthritis and a recent pacemaker insertion, admitted with pulmonary oedema and a symptomatic pericardial effusion. he was treated with diuretics and an urgent pericardiocentesis, a sample from which cultured enterobacter cloacae. a subsequent abdominal ct scan revealed faecal loading, an abnormal anorectal canal and sigmoid colon and a bowel perforation. endoscopy, biopsies and histopathology confirmed a diagnosis of cytome ... | 2015 | 25697299 |
| rapid detection of esbl-producing enterobacteriaceae in blood cultures. | we rapidly identified extended-spectrum β-lactamase (esbl) producers prospectively among 245 gram-negative bacilli-positive cultured blood specimens using the rapid esbl nordmann/dortet/poirel test and direct bacterial identification using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. this combination identified esbl-producing enterobacteriaceae within 30 min and had high predictive values. | 2015 | 25695535 |
| risk factors for early onset of catheter-related bloodstream infection in an intensive care unit in china: a retrospective study. | catheter-related bloodstream infection (crbsi) is a life-threatening condition encountered in patients with long-term central venous catheter (cvc) indwelling. the objective was to investigate the clinical characteristics, treatment, and prognosis of crbsi in the intensive care unit (icu) in a chinese center, as well as the risk factors for early crbsi. | 2015 | 25695128 |
| matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry meropenem hydrolysis assay with nh4hco3, a reliable tool for direct detection of carbapenemase activity. | a comparison of a matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometric (maldi-tof ms) meropenem hydrolysis assay with the carba np test showed that both methods exhibited low sensitivity (approximately 76%), mainly due to the false-negative results obtained with oxa-48-type producers. the addition of nh4hco3 to the reaction buffer for the maldi-tof ms assay dramatically improved its sensitivity (98%). automatic interpretation of the maldi-tof ms assay, using the mbt star ... | 2015 | 25694522 |
| inhibition of the growth of bacillus subtilis dsm10 by a newly discovered antibacterial protein from the soil metagenome. | a functional metagenomics based approach exploiting the microbiota of suppressive soils from an organic field site has succeeded in the identification of a clone with the ability to inhibit the growth of bacillus subtilis dsm10. sequencing of the fosmid identified a putative β-lactamase-like gene abgt. transposon mutagenesis of the abgt gene resulted in a loss in ability to inhibit the growth of b. subtilis dsm10. further analysis of the deduced amino acid sequence of abgt revealed moderate homo ... | 2015 | 25692994 |
| characterization of tn6238 with a new allele of aac(6')-ib-cr. | here, we report that the genetic structure of tn1331 remained conserved in argentina from 1989 to 2013 (72 of 73 isolates), with the exception being the plasmid-borne tn1331-like transposon tn6238 containing a new aac(6')-ib-cr allele recovered from a colistin-resistant klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolate. a bioinformatic analysis of aac(6')-ib-like gene cassettes suggests that this new aac(6')-ib-cr allele emerged through mutation or homologous recombination in the tn1331 genetic platform. t ... | 2015 | 25691640 |
| azilsartan reduced tnf-α and il-1β levels, increased il-10 levels and upregulated vegf, fgf, kgf, and tgf-α in an oral mucositis model. | oral mucositis (om) is a common complication of treatments for head and neck cancer, particularly radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy. om is characterised by oral erythema, ulceration, and pain. the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of azilsartan (azt), an angiotensin ii receptor antagonist, on 5-fluorouracil (5-fu)-induced oral mucositis (om) in syrian hamsters. om was induced by the intraperitoneal administration of 5-fu on experimental days 1 (60 mg/kg) and 2 (40 mg/kg). anim ... | 2015 | 25689279 |
| novel approaches to improve the intrinsic microbiological safety of powdered infant milk formula. | human milk is recognised as the best form of nutrition for infants. however; in instances where breast-feeding is not possible, unsuitable or inadequate, infant milk formulae are used as breast milk substitutes. these formulae are designed to provide infants with optimum nutrition for normal growth and development and are available in either powdered or liquid forms. powdered infant formula is widely used for convenience and economic reasons. however; current manufacturing processes are not capa ... | 2015 | 25685987 |
| diversity of bacteria nesting the plant cover of north sinai deserts, egypt. | north sinai deserts were surveyed for the predominant plant cover and for the culturable bacteria nesting their roots and shoots. among 43 plant species reported, 13 are perennial (e.g. fagonia spp., pancratium spp.) and 30 annuals (e.g. bromus spp., erodium spp.). eleven species possessed rhizo-sheath, e.g. cyperus capitatus, panicum turgidum and trisetaria koelerioides. microbiological analyses demonstrated: the great diversity and richness of associated culturable bacteria, in particular nitr ... | 2012 | 25685397 |
| diversity of bacteria nesting the plant cover of north sinai deserts, egypt. | north sinai deserts were surveyed for the predominant plant cover and for the culturable bacteria nesting their roots and shoots. among 43 plant species reported, 13 are perennial (e.g. fagonia spp., pancratium spp.) and 30 annuals (e.g. bromus spp., erodium spp.). eleven species possessed rhizo-sheath, e.g. cyperus capitatus, panicum turgidum and trisetaria koelerioides. microbiological analyses demonstrated: the great diversity and richness of associated culturable bacteria, in particular nitr ... | 2012 | 25685397 |
| increasing carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacilli and decreasing metallo-β-lactamase producers over eight years from korea. | the trends and types of carbapenemase-producing gram-negative bacilli were analyzed from clinical specimens collected between 2005 and 2012 at a korean teaching hospital. the proportions of carbapenem-resistant acinetobacter spp. increased markedly to 66%. metallo-β-lactamase producers significantly decreased and the majority shifted from the bla(vim-2) type to the bla(imp-1) type. | 2015 | 25684011 |
| galleria mellonella as an in vivo model for assessing the efficacy of antimicrobial agents against enterobacter cloacae infection. | enterobacter cloacae is a well-recognized nosocomial pathogen. use of a rapid, in vivo infection model for e. cloacae that can determine the efficacy of antibiotic therapies could help facilitate screening for new treatments. nonmammalian model systems of infection, such as galleria mellonella, have significant logistical and ethical advantages over mammalian models. | 2017 | 25682237 |
| clonal distribution of multidrug-resistant enterobacter cloacae. | a multilocus sequence typing (mlst) scheme including 7 housekeeping genes was used to evaluate whether the current spread of multidrug-resistant enterobacter cloacae isolates worldwide might be associated to specific successful clones. fifty e. cloacae clinical isolates of worldwide origin, with various β-lactamase content, and recovered at different periods of time were studied. forty-four sequence types were identified, highlighting a high clonal diversity with 3 main lineages. this study reve ... | 2015 | 25680336 |
| [detection of serinocarbapenemases class a and other mechanisms of enzymatic resistance to β-lactams in enterobacteria strains with diminished susceptibility to carbapenems isolated of patients in a university hospital]. | the emergence of carbapenemase mediated resistance in enterobacteriaceae has a strong clinical impact. this study aimed to do a genotypic and phenotypic characterization of the enzymatic resistance to β-lactams in clinical enterobacteriaceae isolates with decreased susceptibility to carbapenems in a university medical center in santiago. | 2014 | 25679924 |
| pancreatic fistulae secondary to trypsinogen activation by pseudomonas aeruginosa infection after pancreatoduodenectomy. | pancreatic fistula after pancreatoduodenectomy (pd) is associated with high mortality and morbidity. trypsinogen activation and bacteria, although hypothesized to be interrelated etiopathogenetically, have not had their relationship and pathogenic mechanisms elucidated. this study investigated bacterial involvement in pancreatic juice activation perioperatively after pd at sites of pancreatic fistula formation. | 2015 | 25678202 |
| synthesis and extracellular accumulation of silver nanoparticles by employing radiation-resistant deinococcus radiodurans, their characterization, and determination of bioactivity. | there has been rapid progress in exploring microorganisms for green synthesis of nanoparticles since microbes show extraordinary diversity in terms of species richness and niche localization. microorganisms are easy to culture using relatively inexpensive and simple nutrients under varied conditions of temperature, pressure, ph, etc. in this work, deinococcus radiodurans that possesses the ability to withstand extremely high radiation and desiccation stress has been employed for the synthesis of ... | 2015 | 25673991 |
| infections during induction therapy of protocol cclg-2008 in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a single-center experience with 256 cases in china. | infections remain a major cause of therapy-associated morbidity and mortality in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (all). | 2015 | 25673448 |
| ceftolozane/tazobactam plus metronidazole for complicated intra-abdominal infections in an era of multidrug resistance: results from a randomized, double-blind, phase 3 trial (aspect-ciai). | increasing antimicrobial resistance among pathogens causing complicated intra-abdominal infections (ciais) supports the development of new antimicrobials. ceftolozane/tazobactam, a novel antimicrobial therapy, is active against multidrug-resistant pseudomonas aeruginosa and most extended-spectrum β-lactamase (esbl)-producing enterobacteriaceae. | 2015 | 25670823 |
| homologs of the acinetobacter baumannii acei transporter represent a new family of bacterial multidrug efflux systems. | multidrug efflux systems are a major cause of resistance to antimicrobials in bacteria, including those pathogenic to humans, animals, and plants. these proteins are ubiquitous in these pathogens, and five families of bacterial multidrug efflux systems have been identified to date. by using transcriptomic and biochemical analyses, we recently identified the novel acei (acinetobacter chlorhexidine efflux) protein from acinetobacter baumannii that conferred resistance to the biocide chlorhexidine, ... | 2015 | 25670776 |
| cloning and sequence analysis demonstrate the chromate reduction ability of a novel chromate reductase gene from serratia sp. | the chrt gene encodes a chromate reductase enzyme which catalyzes the reduction of cr(vi). the chromate reductase is also known as flavin mononucleotide (fmn) reductase (fmn_red). the aim of the present study was to clone the full-length chrt dna from serratia sp. cqmus2 and analyze the deduced amino acid sequence and three-dimensional structure. the putative chrt gene fragment of serratia sp. cqmus2 was isolated by polymerase chain reaction (pcr), according to the known fmn_red gene sequence fr ... | 2014 | 25667630 |
| cloning and sequence analysis demonstrate the chromate reduction ability of a novel chromate reductase gene from serratia sp. | the chrt gene encodes a chromate reductase enzyme which catalyzes the reduction of cr(vi). the chromate reductase is also known as flavin mononucleotide (fmn) reductase (fmn_red). the aim of the present study was to clone the full-length chrt dna from serratia sp. cqmus2 and analyze the deduced amino acid sequence and three-dimensional structure. the putative chrt gene fragment of serratia sp. cqmus2 was isolated by polymerase chain reaction (pcr), according to the known fmn_red gene sequence fr ... | 2014 | 25667630 |
| identification and regulation of a novel citrobacter rodentium gut colonization fimbria (gcf). | the gram-negative enteric bacterium citrobacter rodentium is a natural mouse pathogen that has been extensively used as a surrogate model for studying the human pathogens enteropathogenic and enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli. all three pathogens produce similar attaching and effacing (a/e) lesions in the intestinal epithelium. during infection, these bacteria employ surface structures called fimbriae to adhere and colonize the host intestinal epithelium. for c. rodentium, the roles of only a s ... | 2015 | 25666139 |
| escherichia coli o-antigen gene clusters of serogroups o62, o68, o131, o140, o142, and o163: dna sequences and similarity between o62 and o68, and pcr-based serogrouping. | the dna sequence of the o-antigen gene clusters of escherichia coli serogroups o62, o68, o131, o140, o142, and o163 was determined, and primers based on the wzx (o-antigen flippase) and/or wzy (o-antigen polymerase) genes within the o-antigen gene clusters were designed and used in pcr assays to identify each serogroup. specificity was tested with e. coli reference strains, field isolates belonging to the target serogroups, and non-e. coli bacteria. the pcr assays were highly specific for the re ... | 2015 | 25664526 |
| mortality in healthcare-associated pneumonia in a low resistance setting: a prospective observational study. | the classification of pneumonia as community-acquired pneumonia (cap) or healthcare-associated pneumonia (hcap) has implications for selection of initial antimicrobial therapy. hcap has been associated with an increased prevalence of multidrug-resistant (mdr) pathogens and with high mortality leading to recommendations for broad empiric therapy. | 2015 | 25664503 |
| prevalence of carbapenemases and metallo-β-lactamases in clinical isolates of enterobacter cloacae. | 2014 | 25664278 | |
| studies of house dust mites can now fully embrace the "-omics" era. | 2015 | 25662308 | |
| enhanced biohydrogen production from beverage industrial wastewater using external nitrogen sources and bioaugmentation with facultative anaerobic strains. | in this work biohydrogen generation and its improvement possibilities from beverage industrial wastewater were sought. firstly, mesophilic hydrogen fermentations were conducted in batch vials by applying heat-treated (80°c, 30 min) sludge and liquid (lb-grown) cultures of escherichia coli xl1-blue/enterobacter cloacae dsm 16657 strains for bioaugmentation purposes. the results showed that there was a remarkable increase in hydrogen production capacities when facultative anaerobes were added in t ... | 2015 | 25661265 |
| rates of susceptibility of carbapenems, ceftobiprole, and colistin against clinically important bacteria collected from intensive care units in 2007: results from the surveillance of multicenter antimicrobial resistance in taiwan (smart). | data on susceptibility to ceftobiprole and colistin, and the complete evolutionary trends of minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics) of important carbapenem agents among important pathogens collected in intensive care units (icus) in taiwan are lacking. | 2016 | 25661253 |
| electrochemistry of nonconjugated proteins and glycoproteins. toward sensors for biomedicine and glycomics. | 2015 | 25659975 | |
| transcriptome analysis of scorpion species belonging to the vaejovis genus. | scorpions belonging to the buthidae family have traditionally drawn much of the biochemist's attention due to the strong toxicity of their venoms. scorpions not toxic to mammals, however, also have complex venoms. they have been shown to be an important source of bioactive peptides, some of them identified as potential drug candidates for the treatment of several emerging diseases and conditions. it is therefore important to characterize the large diversity of components found in the non-buthida ... | 2015 | 25659089 |
| use of 16s rrna gene for identification of a broad range of clinically relevant bacterial pathogens. | according to world health organization statistics of 2011, infectious diseases remain in the top five causes of mortality worldwide. however, despite sophisticated research tools for microbial detection, rapid and accurate molecular diagnostics for identification of infection in humans have not been extensively adopted. time-consuming culture-based methods remain to the forefront of clinical microbial detection. the 16s rrna gene, a molecular marker for identification of bacterial species, is ub ... | 2015 | 25658760 |
| utilization of blood cultures in danish hospitals: a population-based descriptive analysis. | this national population-based study was conducted as part of the development of a national automated surveillance system for hospital-acquired bacteraemia and ascertains the utilization of blood cultures (bcs). a primary objective was to understand how local differences may affect interpretation of nationwide surveillance for bacteraemia. from the danish microbiology database, we retrieved all bcs taken between 2010 and 2013 and linked these to admission data from the national patient registry. ... | 2015 | 25658520 |
| the dissemination mode of drug-resistant genes in enterobacter cloacae. | enterobacter cloacae (e. cloacae) infection has the highest mortality rate among enterobacter infections. this study aimed to determine the prevalence and the transmission route of the class i integron, qnr genes, and ctx-m esbls genes in clinical isolates and to analyse the association between the prevalence of mdr genes and the antibiotic resistance of e. cloacae. | 2015 | 25657163 |
| genome-wide gene order distances support clustering the gram-positive bacteria. | initially using 143 genomes, we developed a method for calculating the pair-wise distance between prokaryotic genomes using a monte carlo method to estimate the conservation of gene order. the method was based on repeatedly selecting five or six non-adjacent random orthologs from each of two genomes and determining if the chosen orthologs were in the same order. the raw distances were then corrected for gene order convergence using an adaptation of the jukes-cantor model, as well as using the co ... | 2015 | 25653643 |
| genome-wide gene order distances support clustering the gram-positive bacteria. | initially using 143 genomes, we developed a method for calculating the pair-wise distance between prokaryotic genomes using a monte carlo method to estimate the conservation of gene order. the method was based on repeatedly selecting five or six non-adjacent random orthologs from each of two genomes and determining if the chosen orthologs were in the same order. the raw distances were then corrected for gene order convergence using an adaptation of the jukes-cantor model, as well as using the co ... | 2015 | 25653643 |
| evaluation of a new phenotypic oxa-48 disk test for differentiation of oxa-48 carbapenemase-producing enterobacteriaceae clinical isolates. | the current phenotypic methods for detecting carbapenemase-producing enterobacteriaceae (cpe) allow differentiation between class a and b carbapenemases, but they cannot confirm in a single test class d oxa-48 carbapenemase producers. in this study, we evaluated a new phenotypic test, the oxa-48 disk test, which is based on an imipenem disk and two blank disks adjacent to the imipenem disk, loaded with the tested strain and impregnated with edta and edta plus phenyl boronic acid (pba), respectiv ... | 2015 | 25653401 |
| in vitro fermentation of fructooligosaccharides with human gut bacteria. | fructooligosaccharides (fos) are one of the most studied prebiotics, selectively stimulating the growth of health-promoting bacteria in the host. however, there is increasing evidence that commensal gut bacteria, such as bacteroides fragilis, clostridium butyricum, enterobacter cloacae, and even the pathogenic escherichia coli ben2908, are also able to metabolize fos in vitro, and in some cases, fos displayed adverse effects. therefore, it is necessary to identify fos-metabolizing species that a ... | 2015 | 25653214 |
| simultaneous hydrogen and ethanol production from cascade utilization of mono-substrate in integrated dark and photo-fermentative reactor. | integrating hydrogen-producing bacteria with complementary capabilities, dark-fermentative bacteria (dfb) and photo-fermentative bacteria (pfb), is a promising way to completely recover bioenergy from waste biomass. however, the current coupled models always suffer from complicated pretreatment of the effluent from dark-fermentation or imbalance between dark and photo-fermentation, respectively. in this work, an integrated dark and photo-fermentative reactor (idpfr) was developed to completely c ... | 2015 | 25648915 |
| epidemiological monitoring of nosocomial infections caused by acinetobacter baumannii. | acinetobacter baumannii is a frequent cause of infections in hospitals around the world, which is very difficult to control and treat. it is particularly prevalent in intensive care wards. | 2014 | 25648217 |
| dissemination of incf-type plasmids in multiresistant ctx-m-15-producing enterobacteriaceae isolates from surgical-site infections in bangui, central african republic. | surgical-site infection is the most frequent health care-associated infection in the developing world, with a strikingly higher prevalence than in developed countries we studied the prevalence of resistance to antibiotics in enterobacteriaceae isolates from surgical-site infections collected in three major tertiary care centres in bangui, central african republic. we also studied the genetic basis for antibiotic resistance and the genetic background of third-generation cephalosporin-resistant (3 ... | 2015 | 25648151 |
| ceftaroline activity against bacterial pathogens frequently isolated in u.s. medical centers: results from five years of the aware surveillance program. | a total of 84,704 isolates were collected from 191 medical centers in 2009 to 2013 and tested for susceptibility to ceftaroline and comparator agents by broth microdilution methods. ceftaroline inhibited all staphylococcus aureus isolates at ≤2 μg/ml and was very active against methicillin-resistant strains (mic at which 90% of the isolates tested are inhibited [mic90], 1 μg/ml; 97.6% susceptible). among streptococcus pneumoniae isolates, the highest ceftaroline mic was 0.5 μg/ml, and ceftarolin ... | 2015 | 25645844 |
| propensity-matched analysis to compare the therapeutic efficacies of cefuroxime versus cefotaxime as initial antimicrobial therapy for community-onset complicated nonobstructive acute pyelonephritis due to enterobacteriaceae infection in women. | this study was performed to compare the therapeutic efficacy of cefuroxime with that of cefotaxime as initial antimicrobial therapies in women with complicated nonobstructive acute pyelonephritis (apn) caused by enterobacteriaceae infections. the clinical characteristics and outcomes of a cefuroxime-treated group (n = 156) were compared with those of a cefotaxime-treated group (n = 166). of these 322 women, 90 from each group were matched by propensity scores. the defervescence rates were not si ... | 2015 | 25645837 |
| in vitro activity of rx-p873 against enterobacteriaceae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, and acinetobacter baumannii. | rx-p873 is a novel antibiotic from the pyrrolocytosine series which exhibits high binding affinity for the bacterial ribosome and broad-spectrum antibiotic properties. the pyrrolocytosines have shown in vitro activity against multidrug-resistant gram-negative and gram-positive strains of bacteria known to cause complicated urinary tract, skin, and lung infections, as well as sepsis. enterobacteriaceae (657), pseudomonas aeruginosa (200), and acinetobacter baumannii (202) isolates from north amer ... | 2015 | 25645834 |
| kin cell lysis is a danger signal that activates antibacterial pathways of pseudomonas aeruginosa. | the perception and response to cellular death is an important aspect of multicellular eukaryotic life. for example, damage-associated molecular patterns activate an inflammatory cascade that leads to removal of cellular debris and promotion of healing. we demonstrate that lysis of pseudomonas aeruginosa cells triggers a program in the remaining population that confers fitness in interspecies co-culture. we find that this program, termed p. aeruginosa response to antagonism (para), involves rapid ... | 2015 | 25643398 |
| antimicrobial protein and peptide concentrations and activity in human breast milk consumed by preterm infants at risk of late-onset neonatal sepsis. | we investigated the levels and antimicrobial activity of antimicrobial proteins and peptides (amps) in breast milk consumed by preterm infants, and whether deficiencies of these factors were associated with late-onset neonatal sepsis (los), a bacterial infection that frequently occurs in preterm infants in the neonatal period. | 2015 | 25643281 |
| acquisition of carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacilli in intensive care unit: predictors and molecular epidemiology. | we had for aim to determine the risk factors for acquiring carbapenem-intermediate or -resistant gram-negative bacilli (cr-gnb) in an intensive care unit (icu) and to identify the resistance mechanisms involved. | 2015 | 25640914 |
| [antiadhesive potencial of rhodococcus erythropolis imb ac-5017 biosurfactants]. | the effect of rhodococcus erythropolis imb ac-5017 biosurfactants (surface-active substances, sas) with different degree of purification on attachment of bacteria (escherichia coli iem-1, bacillus subtilis bt-2, proteus vulgaris bt-1, staphylococcus aureus bmc-1, pseudomonas aeruginosa p-55, enterobacter cloacae ac-22, erwinia aroidaeae b-433), yeasts (candida albicans d-6) and fungi (aspergillus niger p-3, fusarium culmorum t-7) to the abiotic surfaces (glass, plastic, ceramics, steel, linoleum ... | 2015 | 25639039 |
| high prevalence of ctx-m-15 and first report of ctx-m-3, ctx-m-22, ctx-m-28 and plasmid-mediated ampc beta-lactamase producing enterobacteriaceae causing urinary tract infections in bosnia and herzegovina in hospital and community settings. | to investigate molecular epidemiology of extended-spectrum β-lactamase/esbl and plasmid-mediated ampc β-lactamase/pampc producing gram-negative bacteria causing urinary tract infections (utis) in zenica-doboj canton, bosnia and herzegovina, in the period decembar 2009-may 2010. | 2015 | 25638292 |
| plant growth promoting bacteria enterobacter asburiae jas5 and enterobacter cloacae jas7 in mineralization of endosulfan. | endosulfan and their metabolites can be detected in soils with a history of endosulfan application. microbial degradation offers an effective approach to remove toxicants, and in this study, enterobacter asburiae jas5 and enterobacter cloacae jas7 were isolated through enrichment technique. the biodegradation of endosulfan and its metabolites rate constant (k) and dt50 were determined through first-order kinetic models. e. asburiae jas5 degraded the endosulfan, and its metabolites in liquid medi ... | 2015 | 25638268 |
| multidrug efflux pumps from enterobacteriaceae, vibrio cholerae and staphylococcus aureus bacterial food pathogens. | foodborne illnesses caused by bacterial microorganisms are common worldwide and constitute a serious public health concern. in particular, microorganisms belonging to the enterobacteriaceae and vibrionaceae families of gram-negative bacteria, and to the staphylococcus genus of gram-positive bacteria are important causative agents of food poisoning and infection in the gastrointestinal tract of humans. recently, variants of these bacteria have developed resistance to medically important chemother ... | 2015 | 25635914 |
| enterobacteriaceae sepsis outcome programme annual report, 2013. | the australian group on antimicrobial resistance performs regular period-prevalence studies to monitor changes in antimicrobial resistance in selected enteric gram-negative pathogens. the 2013 survey focussed for the first time on blood stream infections. four thousand nine hundred and fifty-eight enterobacteriaceae species were tested using commercial automated methods (vitek® 2, biomérieux; phoenix™, bd). the results were analysed using clinical and laboratory standards institute (clsi) and eu ... | 2014 | 25631595 |
| ecology and biotechnology of selenium-respiring bacteria. | in nature, selenium is actively cycled between oxic and anoxic habitats, and this cycle plays an important role in carbon and nitrogen mineralization through bacterial anaerobic respiration. selenium-respiring bacteria (serb) are found in geographically diverse, pristine or contaminated environments and play a pivotal role in the selenium cycle. unlike its structural analogues oxygen and sulfur, the chalcogen selenium and its microbial cycling have received much less attention by the scientific ... | 2015 | 25631289 |
| the alpha-defensin test for periprosthetic joint infection responds to a wide spectrum of organisms. | the alpha-defensin test has been previously demonstrated to be highly accurate in the diagnosis of prosthetic joint infection (pji), nearly matching the musculoskeletal infection society definition for pji. however, the relationship between alpha-defensin levels and differing infecting organism has not yet been investigated. | 2015 | 25631170 |
| aerobic bacterial flora of biotic and abiotic compartments of a hyperendemic zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (zcl) focus. | identification of the microflora of the sand fly gut and the environmental distribution of these bacteria are important components for paratransgenic control of leishmania transmission by sand flies. | 2015 | 25630498 |
| polymyxin combinations: pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics for rationale use. | since their reintroduction into the clinic in the 1980s, the polymyxin antibiotics colistin-administered intravenously as an inactive prodrug, colistin methanesulfonate (cms)-and polymyxin b have assumed an important role as salvage therapy for otherwise untreatable gram-negative infections. however, the emerging pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic data on cms/colistin and polymyxin b indicate that polymyxin monotherapy is unlikely to generate plasma concentrations that are reliably efficacious. ... | 2015 | 25630411 |
| the first report of drug resistant bacteria isolated from the brown-banded cockroach, supella longipalpa, in ahvaz, south-western iran. | the brown-banded cockroach, supella longipalpa is known as a carrier of pathogenic bacteria in urban environments, but its role is not well documented regarding the carriage of antibiotic-resistant pathogenic bacteria in iran. the aim of this study was to determine the resistance bacteria isolated from the brown-banded cockroach in ahvaz, south west of iran. | 2013 | 25629065 |
| the first report of drug resistant bacteria isolated from the brown-banded cockroach, supella longipalpa, in ahvaz, south-western iran. | the brown-banded cockroach, supella longipalpa is known as a carrier of pathogenic bacteria in urban environments, but its role is not well documented regarding the carriage of antibiotic-resistant pathogenic bacteria in iran. the aim of this study was to determine the resistance bacteria isolated from the brown-banded cockroach in ahvaz, south west of iran. | 2013 | 25629065 |
| prevalence and antibiotic resistance of gram-negative pathogenic bacteria species isolated from periplaneta americana and blattella germanica in varanasi, india. | cockroaches are among the medically important pests found within the human habitations that cause serious public health problems. they may harbor a number of pathogenic bacteria on the external surface with antibiotic resistance. hence, they are regarded as major microbial vectors. this study investigates the prevalence and antibiotic resistance of gram-negative pathogenic bacteria species isolated from periplaneta americana and blattella germanica in varanasi, india. | 2013 | 25629061 |
| prevalence and antibiotic resistance of gram-negative pathogenic bacteria species isolated from periplaneta americana and blattella germanica in varanasi, india. | cockroaches are among the medically important pests found within the human habitations that cause serious public health problems. they may harbor a number of pathogenic bacteria on the external surface with antibiotic resistance. hence, they are regarded as major microbial vectors. this study investigates the prevalence and antibiotic resistance of gram-negative pathogenic bacteria species isolated from periplaneta americana and blattella germanica in varanasi, india. | 2013 | 25629061 |
| a retrospective study of risk and prognostic factors in relation to lower respiratory tract infection in elderly lung cancer patients. | lung cancer (lca) is one of the most common and deadly malignancies in elderly patients. during the course of the disease, these patients frequently present with lower respiratory tract infection. therefore, this study aims to investigate the clinical features of lower respiratory tract infection in elderly lca patients and evaluate the impact on overall survival rate. clinical and laboratory data were analyzed retrospectively for a total of 1936 patients that were over 60-years-old. patients we ... | 2014 | 25628950 |
| a retrospective study of risk and prognostic factors in relation to lower respiratory tract infection in elderly lung cancer patients. | lung cancer (lca) is one of the most common and deadly malignancies in elderly patients. during the course of the disease, these patients frequently present with lower respiratory tract infection. therefore, this study aims to investigate the clinical features of lower respiratory tract infection in elderly lca patients and evaluate the impact on overall survival rate. clinical and laboratory data were analyzed retrospectively for a total of 1936 patients that were over 60-years-old. patients we ... | 2014 | 25628950 |
| endophytic fungi: a reservoir of antibacterials. | multidrug drug resistant bacteria are becoming increasingly problematic particularly in the under developed countries of the world. the most important microorganisms that have seen a geometric rise in numbers are methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus, vancomycin resistant enterococcus faecium, penicillin resistant streptococcus pneumonia and multiple drug resistant tubercule bacteria to name a just few. new drug scaffolds are essential to tackle this every increasing problem. these scaffol ... | 2014 | 25620957 |
| endophytic fungi: a reservoir of antibacterials. | multidrug drug resistant bacteria are becoming increasingly problematic particularly in the under developed countries of the world. the most important microorganisms that have seen a geometric rise in numbers are methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus, vancomycin resistant enterococcus faecium, penicillin resistant streptococcus pneumonia and multiple drug resistant tubercule bacteria to name a just few. new drug scaffolds are essential to tackle this every increasing problem. these scaffol ... | 2014 | 25620957 |
| the ongoing revolution of maldi-tof mass spectrometry for microbiology reaches tropical africa. | matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight (maldi-tof) mass spectrometry (ms) represents a revolution in routine pathogen identification in clinical microbiology laboratories. a maldi-tof ms was introduced to tropical africa in the clinical microbiology laboratory of the hôpital principal de dakar (senegal) and used for routine pathogen identification. using ms, 2,429 bacteria and fungi isolated from patients were directly assayed, leading to the identification of 2,082 bacteria ... | 2015 | 25601995 |
| carbapenem susceptibility among escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, and enterobacter cloacae isolates obtained from patients in intensive care units in taiwan in 2005, 2007, and 2009. | to investigate the evolutionary trends in non-susceptibility of carbapenems against the isolates of escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, and enterobacter cloacae from patients hospitalized in intensive care units (icus) of major teaching hospitals throughout taiwan during 2005-2009, we applied the breakpoints of mics recommended by clinical and laboratory standards institute and european committee on antimicrobial susceptibility testing in 2013. escalations in imipenem mic levels for overall ... | 2015 | 25600841 |
| therapeutic plasma exchange may improve hemodynamics and organ failure among children with sepsis-induced multiple organ dysfunction syndrome receiving extracorporeal life support. | to determine the effect of therapeutic plasma exchange on hemodynamics, organ failure, and survival in children with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome due to sepsis requiring extracorporeal life support. | 2015 | 25599148 |
| [epidemiological investigation on respiratory diseases in 1 300 children, in jinan, shandong]. | to analyze the characteristics of respiratory diseases and to provide scientific basis for developing relevant control measures. | 2014 | 25598264 |
| multiplex pcr performed of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid increases pathogen identification rate in critically ill patients with pneumonia: a pilot study. | in critically ill patients with pneumonia, accurate microorganism identification allows appropriate antibiotic treatment. in patients undergoing bronchoalveolar lavage (bal), direct examination of the fluid using gram staining provides prompt information but pathogen identification accuracy is low. culture of bal fluid is actually the reference, but it is not available before 24 to 48 h. in addition, pathogen identification rate observed with direct examination and culture is decreased when anti ... | 2014 | 25593751 |
| clinical detection and characterization of bacterial pathogens in the genomics era. | the availability of genome sequences obtained using next-generation sequencing (ngs) has revolutionized the field of infectious diseases. indeed, more than 38,000 bacterial and 5,000 viral genomes have been sequenced to date, including representatives of all significant human pathogens. these tremendous amounts of data have not only enabled advances in fundamental biology, helping to understand the pathogenesis of microorganisms and their genomic evolution, but have also had implications for cli ... | 2014 | 25593594 |
| clinical disease due to enterovirus d68 in adult hematologic malignancy patients and hematopoietic cell transplant recipients. | the united states centers for disease control and prevention reported over 1000 cases of severe respiratory disease in pediatric patients associated with enterovirus d68 (ev-d68) in the fall of 2014. we sought to identify and define the clinical burden of disease due to ev-d68 in adult patients with hematologic malignancy or undergoing hematopoietic cell transplant (hct). real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (pcr) for ev-d68 was performed on all respiratory samples positive ... | 2015 | 25593338 |
| generating and reversing chronic wounds in diabetic mice by manipulating wound redox parameters. | by 2025, more than 500 m people worldwide will suffer from diabetes; 125 m will develop foot ulcer(s) and 20 m will undergo an amputation, creating a major health problem. understanding how these wounds become chronic will provide insights to reverse chronicity. we hypothesized that oxidative stress (os) in wounds is a critical component for generation of chronicity. we used the db/db mouse model of impaired healing and inhibited, at time of injury, two major antioxidant enzymes, catalase and gl ... | 2014 | 25587545 |
| the mosquito microbiota influences vector competence for human pathogens. | the midgut of insect vectors of human disease contains not only pathogens harmful to human health, but also a diverse microbiota. this microbiota can influence insects' susceptibility to human pathogens, and the capacity to transmit them, through different mechanisms. understanding the interaction between the vector, its microbiota and transmitted pathogens will provide novel opportunities to limit disease transmission. | 2014 | 25584199 |
| galacto-oligosaccharides and colorectal cancer: feeding our intestinal probiome. | prebiotics are ingredients selectively fermented by the intestinal microbiota that promote changes in the microbial community structure and/or their metabolism, conferring health benefits to the host. studies show that β (1-4) galacto-oligosaccharides [β (1-4) gos], lactulose and fructo-oligosaccharides increase intestinal concentration of lactate and short chain fatty acids, and stool frequency and weight, and they decrease fecal concentration of secondary bile acids, fecal ph, and nitroreducta ... | 2015 | 25584074 |
| in vitro antibacterial activity of the ceftazidime-avibactam combination against enterobacteriaceae, including strains with well-characterized β-lactamases. | the novel β-lactamase inhibitor avibactam is a potent inhibitor of class a, class c, and some class d enzymes. the in vitro antibacterial activity of the ceftazidime-avibactam combination was determined for a collection of enterobacteriaceae clinical isolates; this collection was enriched for resistant strains, including strains with characterized serine β-lactamases. the inhibitor was added either at fixed weight ratios to ceftazidime or at fixed concentrations, with the latter type of combinat ... | 2015 | 25583732 |
| in vitro spectrum of pexiganan activity when tested against pathogens from diabetic foot infections and with selected resistance mechanisms. | pexiganan, a 22-amino-acid synthetic cationic peptide, is currently in phase 3 clinical trials as a topical antimicrobial agent for the treatment of mild infections associated with diabetic foot ulcers. bacterial isolates from the 2013 sentry antimicrobial surveillance program designated as pathogens from diabetic foot infections (dfi) and gram-negative and -positive pathogens from various infection types that harbored selected resistance mechanisms/phenotypes were tested against pexiganan in re ... | 2015 | 25583717 |
| diagnostic value of bronchoalveolar lavage in leukemic and bone marrow transplant patients: the impact of antimicrobial therapy. | there is significant morbidity and mortality from pneumonia in leukemic and bone marrow transplant patients. we sought to explore the diagnostic yield of bronchoalveolar lavage (bal) in these patients with new pulmonary infiltrates. a retrospective chart review of approximately 200 non- human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) leukemic and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (hsct) patients who underwent bronchoscopy at a single academic cancer center was performed. antimicrobial use for less than ... | 2015 | 25574361 |
| alveolar and serum concentrations of imipenem in two lung transplant recipients supported with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. | venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ecmo) is increasingly used in patients with respiratory failure who fail conventional treatment. postoperative pneumonia is the most common infection after lung transplantation (40%). imipenem is frequently used for empirical treatment of nosocomial pneumonia in the intensive care unit. nevertheless, few data are available on the impact of ecmo on pharmacokinetics, and no data on imipenem dosing during ecmo. currently, no guidelines exist for antib ... | 2015 | 25572932 |
| mapping the pareto optimal design space for a functionally deimmunized biotherapeutic candidate. | the immunogenicity of biotherapeutics can bottleneck development pipelines and poses a barrier to widespread clinical application. as a result, there is a growing need for improved deimmunization technologies. we have recently described algorithms that simultaneously optimize proteins for both reduced t cell epitope content and high-level function. in silico analysis of this dual objective design space reveals that there is no single global optimum with respect to protein deimmunization. instead ... | 2015 | 25568954 |
| antibiotic management of complicated intra-abdominal infections in adults: the asian perspective. | regional epidemiological data and resistance profiles are essential for selecting appropriate antibiotic therapy for intra-abdominal infections (iais). however, such information may not be readily available in many areas of asia and current international guidelines on antibiotic therapy for iais are for western countries, with the most recent guidance for the asian region dating from 2007. therefore, the asian consensus taskforce on complicated intra-abdominal infections (act-ciai) was convened ... | 2014 | 25568794 |
| volatile-sulfur-compound profile distinguishes burkholderia pseudomallei from burkholderia thailandensis. | solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (spme-gcms) was used to show that dimethyl sulfide produced by burkholderia pseudomallei is responsible for its unusual truffle-like smell and distinguishes the species from burkholderia thailandensis. spme-gcms can be safely used to detect dimethyl sulfide produced by agar-grown b. pseudomallei. | 2015 | 25568444 |
| silver resistance in gram-negative bacteria: a dissection of endogenous and exogenous mechanisms. | to gain a more detailed understanding of endogenous (mutational) and exogenous (horizontally acquired) resistance to silver in gram-negative pathogens, with an emphasis on clarifying the genetic bases for resistance. | 2015 | 25567964 |
| antimicrobial heteroresistance: an emerging field in need of clarity. | "heteroresistance" describes a phenomenon where subpopulations of seemingly isogenic bacteria exhibit a range of susceptibilities to a particular antibiotic. unfortunately, a lack of standard methods to determine heteroresistance has led to inappropriate use of this term. heteroresistance has been recognized since at least 1947 and occurs in gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. its clinical relevance may be considerable, since more resistant subpopulations may be selected during antimicrobi ... | 2015 | 25567227 |
| norovirus. | norovirus, an rna virus of the family caliciviridae, is a human enteric pathogen that causes substantial morbidity across both health care and community settings. several factors enhance the transmissibility of norovirus, including the small inoculum required to produce infection (<100 viral particles), prolonged viral shedding, and its ability to survive in the environment. in this review, we describe the basic virology and immunology of noroviruses, the clinical disease resulting from infectio ... | 2015 | 25567225 |
| surveillance of catheter-related infections: the supplementary role of the microbiology laboratory. | the burden of catheter-related infections (cris) in developing countries is severe. in south africa, a standardised surveillance definition does not exist and the collection of catheter days is challenging. the aim of the study was to provide baseline data on the prevalence of cris and to describe the epidemiology of cri events within a tertiary academic hospital. | 2015 | 25566999 |
| clinical importance and epidemiology of quinolone resistance. | the quinolone class of antimicrobial agents is one of most widely used classes of antimicrobial agents in outpatient and inpatient treatment. however, quinolone resistance in gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria has emerged and increased globally. this resistance limits the usefulness of quinolones in clinical practice. the review summarizes mechanisms of quinolone resistance and its epidemiology and implications in the most common clinical settings, urinary tract infections, respiratory tra ... | 2014 | 25566402 |
| microbial interactions and the ecology and evolution of hawaiian drosophilidae. | adaptive radiations are characterized by an increased rate of speciation and expanded range of habitats and ecological niches exploited by those species. the hawaiian drosophilidae is a classic adaptive radiation; a single ancestral species colonized hawaii approximately 25 million years ago and gave rise to two monophyletic lineages, the hawaiian drosophila and the genus scaptomyza. the hawaiian drosophila are largely saprophagous and rely on approximately 40 endemic plant families and their as ... | 2014 | 25566196 |
| healthcare-associated pneumonia among u.s. combat casualties, 2009 to 2010. | although there is literature evaluating infectious complications associated with combat-related injuries from iraq and afghanistan, none have evaluated pneumonia specifically. therefore, we assessed a series of pneumonia cases among wounded military personnel admitted to landstuhl regional medical center, and then evacuated further to participating u.s. military hospitals. of the 423 casualties evacuated to the united states, 36 developed pneumonia (8.5%) and 30 of these (83.3%) were ventilator- ... | 2015 | 25562865 |
| distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria isolated from cancer hospital in 2013. | to understand distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria from a specialized cancer hospital in 2013 in order to provide a basis for rational clinical antimicrobial agents. | 2014 | 25561768 |
| dynamics of mdr enterobacter cloacae outbreaks in a neonatal unit in nepal: insights using wider sampling frames and next-generation sequencing. | there are limited data on enterobacter cloacae outbreaks and fewer describing these in association with ndm-1. with whole-genome sequencing, we tested the hypothesis that a cluster of 16 e. cloacae bacteraemia cases in a nepali neonatal unit represented a single clonal outbreak, using a wider set of epidemiologically unrelated clinical e. cloacae isolates for comparison. | 2015 | 25558071 |