Publications

an infrared study of the thermal and ph stabilities of the gpi-alkaline phosphatase from bovine intestine.	alkaline phosphatase (ec 3.1.3.1) from bovine intestine mucosa (biap) is a homodimeric metalloenzyme, which hydrolyses nonspecifically phosphate monoesters at alkaline ph with release of inorganic phosphate and alcohol. biap is either soluble (sbiap) or membrane-anchored by a glycosylphosphatidylinositol moiety (gpi-biap). this anchor might have some contribution in the stabilization of the gpi-linked protein structure. our purpose was to study the role of the anchor by using two parameters, the ...	2002	11944895
increase in milk metalloproteinase activity and vascular permeability in bovine endotoxin-induced and naturally occurring escherichia coli mastitis.	an endotoxin-induced mastitis model was used to study permeability changes associated with increased milk matrix metalloproteinase (mmp) activity in early inflammation. one quarter of two cows was inoculated with endotoxin (escherichia coli 055:b5). blood, milk, and whey were collected before and repeatedly after inoculation for 48 h. the profile and amounts of gelatinolytic mmps were determined by zymography; gelatinase a (72 kd mmp-2) and gelatinase b (92 kd mmp-9) were identified by western i ...	2002	11943315
testing of a chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay for selective detection of e. coli o157 from ground beef samples.	the aim of this study was to evaluate a chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay (clia) developed for the detection of e. coli o157:h7, using different e. coli o157 serotypes. the sensitivity and specificity of the kit were determined from the tenfold dilutions of the 24-hour broth cultures of the test strains. according to the results obtained in this trial, the sensitivity of the kit is 10(3)-10(4) cells ml-1, and it is specific for e. coli o157. twenty-five g ground raw beef samples were prepared ...	2001	11942117
first isolation of the enterohaemorrhagic escherichia coli o145:h- from cattle in feedlot in argentina.	enterohaemorrhagic escherichia coli (ehec) is considered to be common cause of haemorrhagic colitis (hc), thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura and haemolytic uraemic syndrome (hus) in humans. in a previous paper, we have demonstrated that ehec are commonly found in the intestines of livestock. infections in humans are, in part, a consequence of consumption of undercooked meat or raw milk. argentina has one of the highest records of hus (300-400 cases/year; 22/100,000 children under 4 years of age ...	2002	11936956
shedding of escherichia coli o157:h7 in dairy cattle housed in a confined environment following waterborne inoculation.	a study of escherichia coli o157:h7 transmission and shedding was conducted with bull calves housed in individual pens within a confined environment. for comparative purposes, the numbers and duration of e. coli o157:h7 shedding in naturally infected calves were monitored after a single purchased calf (calf 156) tested positive prior to inoculation. during the next 8 days, the calves in adjacent pens and a pen directly across a walkway from calf 156 began to shed this serotype o157:h7 strain. fi ...	2002	11916717
engineered recombinant enteropeptidase catalytic subunit: effect of n-terminal modification.	enteropeptidase (enterokinase) is a serine protease highly specific for recognition and cleavage of the target sequence of asp-asp-asp-asp-lys (d4k). the three-dimensional structure of the enteropeptidase shows that the n-terminal amino acid is buried inside the protein providing molecular interactions necessary to maintain the conformation of the active site. to determine the influence of the n-terminal amino acid of enteropeptidase light chain (ek(l)) on the enzymatic activity, we constructed ...	2002	11913964
apoptosis of bovine neutrophils during mastitis experimentally induced with escherichia coli or endotoxin.	to determine whether apoptosis of neutrophils was accelerated during mastits experimentally induced by use of escherichia coli or e coli endotoxin and whether differences were apparent in the response to e coli or endotoxin.	2002	11911583
thermodynamics of single peptide bond cleavage in bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor (bpti).	a major goal of this paper was to estimate a dynamic range of equilibrium constant for the opening of a single peptide bond in a model protein, bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor (bpti). ten mutants of bpti containing a single xaa-->met substitution introduced in different parts of the molecule were expressed in escherichia coli. the mutants were folded, purified to homogeneity, and cleaved with cyanogen bromide to respective cleaved forms. conformation of the intact mutants was similar to the ...	2002	11910035
[molecular epidemiological investigation of vero toxin-producing escherichia coli (vtec) isolated from diarrhea patients and dairy cattle].	to elucidate the source and route of vtec infection, we performed pulse field gel electrophoresis (pfge) an 50 isolates from human diarrhea typed as serotypes o157, o111, and o26, which were very frequently isolated from patients with vtec infection between 1986 and 1997, and 32 isolates from dairy cattle, a total of 82 isolates. the isolates were genetically analyzed based on the electrophoresis patterns of dna, and a phylogenetic tree was prepared. the isolates were classified based on similar ...	2002	11905004
effect of apoptosis on phagocytosis, respiratory burst and cd18 adhesion receptor expression of bovine neutrophils.	polymorphonuclear neutrophil leukocytes (pmn) play an important role in intramammary defense against infections by escherichia coli. during mastitis, pmn are confronted with various inflammatory mediators that can modulate their function. in severely diseased cows, increased concentrations of lipopolysaccharide (lps) and tumor necrosis factor (tnf)-alpha (tnf-alpha) are detected in plasma. binding of lps to membrane bound cd14 molecules on monocytes cause release of inflammatory mediators such a ...	2002	11900963
characterization of a brain-enriched chaperone, mrj, that inhibits huntingtin aggregation and toxicity independently.	molecular chaperones are involved in a wide range of cellular events, such as protein folding and oligomeric protein complex assembly. dnak- and dnaj-like proteins are the two major classes of molecular chaperones in mammals. recent studies have shown that dnaj-like family proteins can inhibit polyglutamine aggregation, a hallmark of many neurodegenerative diseases, including huntington's disease (hd). although most dnaj-like proteins studied are ubiquitously expressed, some have restricted expr ...	2002	11896048
escherichia coli o157 infections and unpasteurised milk.	we report on two children with escherichia coli o157 infection, one of whom developed haemolytic uraemic syndrome (hus). both had drunk raw cows or goats milk in the week before their illness. molecular subtyping identified a sorbitol fermenting escherichia coli o157:h isolate from a dairy cow. this isolate differed from shiga toxin producing o157:h strains isolated from the 6 year old boy with hus. this result underlines the need to search for other causes of infection, despite documented con ...	2001	11891383
clinical and bacteriological aspects on the use of oxytetracycline and flunixin in primiparous cows with induced retained placenta and post-partal endometritis.	retention of the fetal membranes and post-partal endometritis (rfm) are common problems in dairy cows. treatment often includes manual removal of the placenta in combination with antibiotic treatment. earlier studies have shown that cows with endometritis post-partum have a strong tendency to recover spontaneously. the present study focused on treatments of post-partal endometritis with the prostaglandin synthesis inhibitor, flunixin (f) either alone or combined with oxytetracycline (t). the stu ...	2001	11885742
influence of puerperal uterine infection on uterine involution and postpartum ovarian activity in dairy cows.	this article presents the results of a clinical trial designed to study the effect of puerperal uterine infection on uterine involution and on ovarian activity in dairy cows, monitored twice weekly from parturition until the sixth week postpartum (wpp). infection significantly retarded uterine involution assessed by the uterine body diameter and a score of intrauterine fluid volume (iufv). by the sixth wpp, cows with normal puerperium (controls) and cows that showed mild puerperal endometritis h ...	2002	11882243
pharmacokinetics of ceftiofur in plasma and uterine secretions and tissues after subcutaneous postpartum administration in lactating dairy cows.	a study was conducted to measure concentrations of potentially active ceftiofur derivatives, in plasma, in uterine tissues (endometrium and caruncles) and in uterine secretions at different time points after a single subcutaneous administration of ceftiofur hydrochloride (excenel rtu sterile suspension) at the dose of 1 mg/kg body weight in holstein-friesian dairy cows. the animals (n=4) were injected within 24 h of calving, after expulsion of the foetal membranes. plasma, lochial fluid, caruncl ...	2002	11874524
transfer of multiple drug resistance plasmids between bacteria of diverse origins in natural microenvironments.	plasmids harboring multiple antimicrobial-resistance determinants (r plasmids) were transferred in simulated natural microenvironments from various bacterial pathogens of human, animal, or fish origin to susceptible strains isolated from a different ecological niche. r plasmids in a strain of the human pathogen vibrio cholerae o1 e1 tor and a bovine escherichia coli strain were conjugated to a susceptible strain of the fish pathogenic bacterium aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida in marine ...	1994	11865872
expression of receptors for verotoxin 1 from escherichia coli o157 on bovine intestinal epithelium.	human enterohaemorrhagic escherichia coli (ehec) infection most commonly arises, either directly or indirectly, from cattle, which act as a reservoir host for these bacteria. in man, ehec disease can be severe, whereas ehec do not normally cause disease in cattle. verotoxins (vts) are the main virulence factors in human disease but no role for vt has been ascribed in cattle; however, this study shows for the first time that vt receptor is expressed by the bovine intestinal tract. vt bound to cry ...	2002	11865842
[detection of escherichia coli strains harboring pathogenicity island of yersinia enterolitica in diarrheal patients and animals in china].	to investigate the prevalence of escherichia coil strains harboring high pathogenicity island of yersinia enterocolitica in diarrhea patients, animals, food samples and resulted clinical symptoms.	2000	11860774
analysis of a multicomponent thermostable dna polymerase iii replicase from an extreme thermophile.	this report takes a proteomic/genomic approach to characterize the dna polymerase iii replication apparatus of the extreme thermophile, aquifex aeolicus. genes (dnax, hola, and holb) encoding the subunits required for clamp loading activity (tau, delta, and delta') were identified. the dnax gene produces only the full-length product, tau, and therefore differs from escherichia coli dnax that produces two proteins (gamma and tau). nonetheless, the a. aeolicus proteins form a taudeltadelta' comple ...	2002	11859073
development of a sandwich elisa and comparison with pcr for the detection of f11 and f165 fimbriated escherichia coli isolates from septicaemic disease in farm animals.	the p fimbriae f11 and f165 that have been demonstrated on escherichia coli septicaemic strains in poultry and calves, respectively, possess a nearly identical major subunit that demonstrates a serological cross-reaction. a polyclonal antibody-based sandwich elisa (selisa) that was specific for both f11 and f165 fimbriated strains was compared with a pcr method to detect f11/f165 fimbriated strains, in a collection of e. coli strains isolated from diseased animals. of 298 isolates tested, 36 wer ...	2002	11852192
chemically mediated site-specific proteolysis. alteration of protein-protein interaction.	the design and synthesis of a novel iodine-labile serine protease inhibitor was realized by the use of an ecotin analogue containing allylglycine at position 84 in lieu of methionine. allylglycine-containing ecotins were synthesized by in vitro translation of the ecotin gene containing an engineered nonsense codon (tag) at the positions of interest. a misacylated suppressor trna activated with the unnatural amino acid allylglycine was employed for the suppression of the nonsense codons in a cell ...	2002	11851428
time-resolved step-scan fourier transform infrared spectroscopy of the co adducts of bovine cytochrome c oxidase and of cytochrome bo(3) from escherichia coli.	we have used cryogenic difference ftir and time-resolved step-scan fourier transform infrared (tr-ftir) spectroscopies to explore the redox-linked proton-pumping mechanism of heme-copper respiratory oxidases. these techniques are used to probe the structure and dynamics of the heme a(3)-cu(b) binuclear center and the coupled protein structures in response to the photodissociation of co from heme fe and its subsequent binding to and dissociation from cu(b). previous cryogenic (80 k) ftir co photo ...	2002	11851414
molecular typing techniques to characterize the development of a lactic acid bacteria community on vacuum-packaged beef.	the development of a community of lactic acid bacteria from vacuum-packaged beef was investigated during a 6-week storage trial at 2 degrees c. the lactic acid bacteria population was monitored by using molecular techniques to identify a random sample of isolates at biweekly intervals during the storage trial. the polymerase chain reaction and a randomly amplified polymorphic dna technique were used to identify and distinguish populations of lactic acid bacteria that developed during the storage ...	2002	11843419
direct recovery of glutathione s-transferase by expanded bed adsorption: anion exchange as an alternative to metal affinity fusions.	the use of expanded beds of ion-exchange adsorbents for the direct recovery of a recombinant intracellular protein, glutathione s-transferase (gst), from unclarified escherichia coli homogenates is described. the results form the basis for a comparison between this approach for purifying gst and a chelating fusion strategy and highlight the need to consider the additional costs entailed by these more-complicated approaches. the separation performance was investigated with respect to choice of an ...	2002	11835138
recognition by tryptophanyl-trna synthetases of discriminator base on trnatrp from three biological domains.	to study the recognition by tryptophanyl-trna synthetase (trprs) of trna(trp) discriminator base, mutations were introduced into the discriminator base of bacillus subtilis, archeoglobus fulgidus, and bovine trna(trp), representing the three biological domains. when b. subtilis, a. fulgidus, and human trprs were used to acylate these trna(trp), two distinct preference profiles regarding the discriminator base of different trna(trp) substrates were found: g>a>u>c for b. subtilis trprs, and a>c>u> ...	2002	11834741
inhibition of enteropathogenic escherichia coli (epec) adherence to hep-2 cells by bovine colostrum and milk.	enteropathogenic escherichia coli (epec) is the main etiological agent of infantile diarrhea in brazil and other developing countries. human milk iga protects newborn intestinal mucosa by inhibiting bacterial adhesion to epithelial cells and this effect is shown by in vitro assays of epec adhesion to hep-2 cultured cells. bovine milk, if effective in promoting this protection, could be an useful tool in the absence of the natural breastfeeding, in high-risk nurseries or in hospital infections.	2001	11834181
a cooperia punctata gene family encoding 14 kda excretory-secretory antigens conserved for trichostrongyloid nematodes.	a polymorphic set of 14 kda excretory-secretory (e-s) antigen-encoding cdnas, with similarity to a previously characterized 15 kda e-s antigen of haemonchus contortus, was cloned from cooperia punctata. five cdnas encoding predicted proteins of 70-80% identity were sequenced. genomic analyses of individuals proved the existence of three 14 kda e-s antigen-encoding genes, excluding that the differences reflected polymorphisms between individuals in a population. southern blots indicated the prese ...	2001	11814050
bacterial expression and purification of recombinant bovine fab fragments.	we have previously described a recombinant phagemid expression vector, pcombov, designed for the production of native sequence bovine monoclonal antibodies (mab) generated by antibody phage display. bovine mab fab fragments isolated from libraries constructed using pcombov in escherichia coli strain xl1-blue, which is routinely used for antibodies expressed on the surface of phage, were expressed at very low yields. therefore, a study was undertaken to determine optimal growth conditions for max ...	2002	11812221
expression in escherichia coli, purification and kinetic characterization of human heparan sulfate 3-o-sulfotransferase-1.	heparan sulfate (hs) glycosaminoglycans are a structurally diverse class of complex biomolecules that modulate many important events at the cell surface and within the extracellular matrix and whose structural heterogeneity derives largely from the sequence-specific n- and o-sulfations catalyzed by an extensive repertoire of sulfating enzymes. we have expressed the human heparan sulfate 3-ost-1 isoform in escherichia coli and subsequently purified a soluble, active enzyme. to assess its function ...	2002	11811991
design of expanded bed supports for the recovery of plasmid dna by anion exchange adsorption.	in this study we detail the rational design of new chromatographic adsorbents tailored for the capture of plasmid dna. features present on current chromatographic supports that can significantly enhance plasmid binding capacity have been identified in packed bed chromatography experiments and blueprints for improved expanded bed adsorbents have been put forward. the characterisation and testing of small (20-40 microm) high density (>3.7 g cm(-3)) pellicular expanded bed materials functionalised ...	2001	11787795
design and assembly of solid-phases for the effective recovery of nanoparticulate bioproducts in fluidised bed contactors.	practical recovery of nanoparticulate bioproducts from suspension feedstocks has been studied in batch, fixed bed and fluidised bed adsorptive contactors. the performance of five discrete configurations of adsorbent solid phase has been critically evaluated in the anion exchange recovery of mg quantities of bsa nanoparticles. these have served as surrogate size mimics of less easily sourced viral and plasmid gene therapy vectors, characterised by high value and a shortage of supply in quantities ...	2001	11787793
rice (oryza sativa) contains a novel isoform of glutamate decarboxylase that lacks an authentic calmodulin-binding domain at the c-terminus.	we have isolated full-length cdnas for two distinct isoforms of glutamate decarboxylase (gad), designated osgad1 and osgad2 from a rice shoot cdna library. open reading frames found in osgad1 and osgad2 cdnas encode putative proteins of 501 (56.7 kda) and 500 amino acids (55.6 kda), respectively. they show 69% identity to each other and 67-78% identity to dicotyledonous counterpart sequences determined so far. comparative analysis of relevant genomic clones obtained from the rice genomic library ...	2001	11779628
evaluation of an antimicrobial-impregnated continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis catheter for infection control in rats.	infection is the most serious complication arising in long-term continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (capd), specifically peritonitis and exit-site infection. the initial weeks after implantation is the crucial period during which bacterial colonization of the catheter results in maximal morbidity, with staphylococcus aureus being the most virulent organism. we developed an antimicrobial-impregnated capd catheter by impregnating the cuff and tubing with chlorhexidine, silver sulfadiazine, a ...	2002	11774116
effect of selenium and vitamin e on antibody production by dairy cows vaccinated against escherichia coli.	sixty clinically healthy holstein cows were randomly assigned to one of four groups according to their age and parity and vaccinated in late pregnancy (day 190) with a multivalent vaccine against escherichia coli. the 15 cows in the first group (see) were injected intramuscularly with a solution of sodium selenite (0.1 mg se/kg bodyweight) and vitamin e (alpha-tocopherol acetate, 8 u/kg bodyweight), the cows in the second group (se) received only selenium and the cows in the third group (e) rece ...	2001	11764325
prevalence and characteristics of shigatoxin-producing escherichia coli and listeria monocytogenes strains isolated from minced meat in switzerland.	a total of 400 minced meat samples from 240 small butcheries in switzerland were collected and analysed for the presence of shigatoxin-producing e. coli (stec) and listeria monocytogenes. the samples comprised 211 samples of minced beef and 189 samples of minced pork. shigatoxin-producing e. coli was isolated from 7/400 (1.75%) samples. in particular, 5/211 (2.3%) minced beef samples and 2/189 (1%) minced pork samples were contaminated. serotyping of the seven strains yielded five different sero ...	2001	11759763
molecular analysis of chromosomally florfenicol-resistant escherichia coli isolates from france and germany.	the aim of this study was to analyse chromosomally florfenicol-resistant escherichia coli isolates for their genetic relatedness, and also for the presence of the flor gene and its adjacent regions, in order to compare these regions with those associated with a flor gene located on a conjugative plasmid from e. coli. twenty-two bovine e. coli from france and germany were examined. florfenicol resistance was determined by mic determination. the presence of the flor gene was confirmed by hybridiza ...	2002	11751766
prevalence and genetic profiling of virulence determinants of non-o157 shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli isolated from cattle, beef, and humans, calcutta, india.	we investigated the prevalence of shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec) in hospitalized diarrhea patients in calcutta, india, as well as in healthy domestic cattle and raw beef samples collected from the city's abattoir. multiplex polymerase chain reaction using primers specific for stx1 and stx2 detected stec in 18% of cow stool samples, 50% of raw beef samples, and 1.4% and 0.6% of bloody and watery stool samples, respectively, from hospitalized diarrhea patients. various virulence gen ...	2002	11749749
factors contributing to the emergence of escherichia coli o157 in africa.	in 1992, a large outbreak of bloody diarrhea caused by escherichia coli o157 infections occurred in southern africa. in swaziland, 40,912 physician visits for diarrhea in persons ages >5 years were reported during october through november 1992. this was a sevenfold increase over the same period during 1990-91. the attack rate was 42% among 778 residents we surveyed. female gender and consuming beef and untreated water were significant risks for illness. e. coli o157:nm was recovered from seven a ...	2001	11747693
regulation of photoreceptor phosphodiesterase (pde6) by phosphorylation of its inhibitory gamma subunit re-evaluated.	phosphorylation of the inhibitory gamma subunit (pgamma) of rod cgmp phosphodiesterase (pde6) has been reported to turn off visual excitation without the requirement for inactivation of the photoreceptor g-protein transducin. we evaluated the significance of pgamma phosphorylation for pde6 regulation by preparing pgamma stoichiometrically phosphorylated at thr(22) or at thr(35). phosphorylation of pgamma at either residue caused a minor decrease--not the previously reported increase--in the abil ...	2002	11741972
sample preparation methods for pcr detection of escherichia coli o157:h7, salmonella typhimurium, and listeria monocytogenes on beef chuck shoulder using a single enrichment medium.	to improve the utility of the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) for food samples, methods for preparing template dna were developed to remove pcr inhibitors. beef chuck shoulder medallions, artificially contaminated, individually or in combination, with escherichia coli serotype o157:h7 strain fsis 45753-35, salmonella typhimurium dt104 strain 13hp, or listeria monocytogenes strain scott a at concentrations of 10, 1 and 0.5 cfu/cm(2)were swabbed with a sponge, and the sponges were enriched for 18 ...	2001	11735298
sensitivity of shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec) strains for colicins under different experimental conditions.	twenty escherichia coli strains producing well-characterised colicins were tested for their inhibitory activity against five shiga toxin-producing e. coli (stec) strains using different media under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. the five stec strains used were of serotype o26, o111, o128, o145 and o157:h7 which are frequently isolated serotypes associated with disease in humans. the main route of infection for humans is through the eating of badly cooked or handled beef. the major reservoir f ...	2001	11731144
contamination of beef chucks with escherichia coli during carcass breaking.	samples were obtained by swabbing the whole of the chuck portion on each of the first 500 sides that entered a beef carcass breaking process and the whole of the outer surface of each of the chuck primal cuts that were prepared from those portions. swabs obtained from groups of 10 sides or cuts that entered or emerged from the process consecutively were combined, and the coliforms and escherichia coli recovered from each group were enumerated. coliforms and e. coli were recovered only sporadical ...	2001	11726167
endometritis in postparturient cattle associated with bovine herpesvirus-4 infection: 15 cases.	suppurative, ulcerative endometritis associated with bovine herpesvirus-4 (bhv-4) infection was identified in 15 postparturient dairy cows from 5 separate dairies. characteristic eosinophilic to amphophilic intranuclear viral inclusion bodies were identified within degenerate endometrial lining epithelium and endothelial cells. bovine herpesvirus-4 was confirmed as the etiology by a combination of fluorescent antibody assays, viral isolation, heminested pcr, ultrastructural examination of the ut ...	2001	11724141
prevalence of e coli o157 in dairy cows presented for slaughter in victoria.		2001	11712712
analysis of the inhibition of mammalian thioredoxin, thioredoxin reductase, and glutaredoxin by cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (ii) and its major metabolite, the glutathione-platinum complex.	several studies have demonstrated a correlation between cellular toxicity of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (ii) (cisplatin, cddp) and inhibited intracellular activity of the thioredoxin system, i.e., thioredoxin (trx), thioredoxin reductase (trxr), and nadph. conversely, increased cellular activity of the trx system confers resistance to cddp. in this study, we have analyzed the interaction of cddp with trx and trxr in order to clarify the mechanism. the inhibition with time-dependent kinetics by ...	2001	11705695
prevalence of foodborne pathogens in bulk tank milk.	bulk tank milk from 131 dairy herds in eastern south dakota and western minnesota was examined for the presence of for foodborne pathogens. campylobacter jejuni, shiga-toxin producing escherichia coli, listeria monocytogenes, salmonella spp., and yersinia enterocolitica were detected in 9.2, 3.8, 4.6, 6.1, and 6.1% of bulk tank milk samples, respectively. thirty-five of 131 (26.7%) bulk tank milk samples contained one or more species of pathogenic bacteria. isolates of salmonella belonged to gro ...	2001	11699446
ancestral divergence, genome diversification, and phylogeographic variation in subpopulations of sorbitol-negative, beta-glucuronidase-negative enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli o157.	the o157:h7 lineage of enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli is a geographically disseminated complex of highly related genotypes that share common ancestry. the common clone that is found worldwide carries several markers of events in its evolution, including markers for acquisition of virulence genes and loss of physiological characteristics, such as sorbitol fermentation ability and beta-glucuronidase production. populations of variants that are distinct with respect to motility and the sorbitol ...	2001	11698378
colostral whey concentrate supplement increases complement activity in the sera of neonatal calves.	we evaluated the effect of a commercial bovine colostral whey on the complement-mediated immune responses of calves. two groups of neonatal calves were fed, in addition to whole milk (wm) and pooled colostrum (pc), different amounts of a commercial immunoglobulin concentrate made from pooled colostral whey (ig-c) for the first two feedings post natum. the control group was fed wm and pc only. serum samples were obtained at the ages of 2, 7, 14 and 30 d. bacteriolytic activity against complement- ...	2001	11694039
a novel locus of enterocyte effacement (lee) pathogenicity island inserted at phev in bovine shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli strain o103:h2.	we describe a locus of enterocyte effacement (lee) which is part of a new pathogenicity island (pai) detected in the bovine shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli strain rw1374 (o103:h2). this pai is at least 80 kb in size and inserted in the vicinity of the phev trna gene at 67 min of the e. coli chromosome. furthermore, the pai differs from the previously described lees by unique flanking regions at both sides, which harbor one copy each of an insertion element in an inverted orientation that ...	2001	11682182
e. coli methionine sulfoxide reductase with a truncated n terminus or c terminus, or both, retains the ability to reduce methionine sulfoxide.	the monomeric peptide methionine sulfoxide reductase (msra) catalyzes the irreversible thioredoxin-dependent reduction of methionine sulfoxide. the crystal structure of msras from escherichia coli and bos taurus can be described as a central core of about 140 amino acids that contains the active site. the core is wrapped by two long n- and c-terminal extended chains. the catalytic mechanism of the e. coli enzyme has been recently postulated to take place through formation of a sulfenic acid inte ...	2001	11604533
rotavirus 2/6 virus-like particles administered intranasally in mice, with or without the mucosal adjuvants cholera toxin and escherichia coli heat-labile toxin, induce a th1/th2-like immune response.	we investigated the rotavirus-specific lymphocyte responses induced by intranasal immunization of adult balb/c mice with rotavirus 2/6 virus-like particles (2/6-vlps) of the bovine rf strain, by assessing the profile of cytokines produced after in vitro restimulation and serum and fecal antibody responses. the cytokines produced by splenic cells were first evaluated. intranasal immunization with 50 microg of 2/6-vlps induced a high serum antibody response, including immunoglobulin g1 (igg1) and ...	2001	11602741
bacteremia associated with naturally occuring acute coliform mastitis in dairy cows.	to determine the incidence of bacteremia in dairy cows with naturally occurring acute coliform mastitis (acm) with a wide range of disease severity.	2001	11601796
effect of irradiation temperature on inactivation of escherichia coli o157:h7 and staphylococcus aureus.	the resistance of escherichia coli o157:h7 and staphylococcus aureus in ground beef to gamma radiation was significantly (p < 0.05) higher at subfreezing temperatures than above freezing. ground beef was inoculated (ca. 2 x 10(8) cfu/g) with five isolates of either e. coli o157:h7 or s. aureus and subdivided into 25-g samples, vacuum packaged in barrier pouches, and tempered to 20, 12, 4, 0, -4, -12, -20, -30, -40, or -76 degrees c before gamma irradiation. the studies were repeated twice. the d ...	2001	11601718
structural and functional characterization of human nad kinase.	nadp is essential for biosynthetic pathways, energy, and signal transduction. its synthesis is catalyzed by nad kinase. very little is known about the structure, function, and regulation of this enzyme from multicellular organisms. we identified a human nad kinase cdna and the corresponding gene using available database information. a cdna was amplified from a human fibroblast cdna library and functionally overexpressed in escherichia coli. the obtained cdna, slightly different from that deposit ...	2001	11594753
overexpression of human insulin-like growth factor-i promotes new tissue formation in an ex vivo model of articular chondrocyte transplantation.	articular cartilage, the tissue that forms the gliding surface of joints, has a poor regenerative capacity. insulin-like growth factor-i (igf-i) is a polypeptide that is anabolic and mitogenic for cartilage. transfection of articular chondrocytes with an expression plasmid vector containing the cdna for human igf-i under the control of the cytomegalovirus promoter/enhancer led to expression of the transgene and synthesis of biologically relevant amounts of igf-i protein. transplantation of trans ...	2001	11593356
titration of low k(d) binding sites: binding of arginine analogs to nitric oxide synthases.	spectrophotometrically monitored ligand titration is an important method for the determination of equilibrium dissociation constants (k(d)) from nitric oxide synthases (nos). low k(d) sites such as the tetrahydrobiopterin and arginine binding sites present difficulties in that experiments often require enzyme concentrations of the same magnitude as the k(d). an analytical method based on computer simulation is described that allows the estimation of k(d) values without an independent means of mo ...	2001	11587559
dual mode recognition of two isoacceptor trnas by mammalian mitochondrial seryl-trna synthetase.	animal mitochondrial translation systems contain two serine trnas, corresponding to the codons agy (y = u and c) and ucn (n = u, c, a, and g), each possessing an unusual secondary structure; trna(gcu)(ser) (for agy) lacks the entire d arm, whereas trna(uga)(ser) (for ucn) has an unusual cloverleaf configuration. we previously demonstrated that a single bovine mitochondrial seryl-trna synthetase (mt serrs) recognizes these topologically distinct isoacceptors having no common sequence or structure ...	2001	11577083
formation of the 1,n2-glyoxal adduct of deoxyguanosine by phosphoglycolaldehyde, a product of 3'-deoxyribose oxidation in dna.	oxidation of deoxyribose in dna results in the formation of a variety of electrophilic products that have the potential to react with nucleobases to form adducts. we now report that 2-phosphoglycolaldehyde, a model for the 3'-phosphoglycolaldehyde residue generated by 3'-oxidation of deoxyribose in dna, reacts with dg and dna to form the diastereomeric 1,n2-glyoxal adducts of dg, 3-(2-deoxy-beta-d-erythro-pentofuransyl)-6,7-dihydro-6,7-dihydroxyimidazo[1,2-a]purine-9(3h)-one. the glyoxal adducts ...	2001	11559039
evidence for transfer of cmy-2 ampc beta-lactamase plasmids between escherichia coli and salmonella isolates from food animals and humans.	escherichia coli is an important pathogen that shows increasing antimicrobial resistance in isolates from both animals and humans. our laboratory recently described salmonella isolates from food animals and humans that expressed an identical plasmid-mediated, ampc-like beta-lactamase, cmy-2. in the present study, 59 of 377 e. coli isolates from cattle and swine (15.6%) and 6 of 1,017 (0.6%) isolates of human e. coli from the same geographic region were resistant to both cephamycins and extended- ...	2001	11557460
a rapid twofold dilution method for microbial enumeration and resuscitation of uninjured and sublethally injured bacteria.	a rapid and simple method for enumerating uninjured and sublethally injured bacterial cells, the twofold dilution method (2fd), was developed and evaluated.	2001	11555210
the mechanism of carbonate killing of escherichia coli.	to define the mechanism of carbonate killing in escherichia coli.	2001	11555203
the large subunit of the mammalian mitochondrial ribosome. analysis of the complement of ribosomal proteins present.	identification of all the protein components of the large subunit (39 s) of the mammalian mitochondrial ribosome has been achieved by carrying out proteolytic digestions of whole 39 s subunits followed by analysis of the resultant peptides by liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. peptide sequence information was used to search the human est data bases and complete coding sequences were assembled. the human mitochondrial 39 s subunit has 48 distinct proteins. twenty eight of these are homo ...	2001	11551941
exposure of escherichia coli to intestinal myoelectrical activity-related electric field induces resistance against subsequent uv(254 nm) (uvc) irradiation.	survival of escherichia coli k-12 ab1157 irradiated with uvc (uv(254 nm)) was enhanced after pre-treatment with a low-tension electric field (ef). the ef used was identical to the electrical field generated by the small intestine (myoelectrical migrating complex--mmc), registered in a healthy calf and transmitted into the memory of an ef generator. the ef emitted by the generator was transmitted via electrodes placed in shaken bacterial cultures. the protective effects of the ef on the e. coli s ...	2001	11551485
quinolone resistance in potentially pathogenic and non-pathogenic escherichia coli strains isolated from healthy ruminants.	quinolone resistance was studied in potentially pathogenic and non-pathogenic escherichia coli strains from healthy ruminants. in cattle, 5.9% of the strains were resistant to nalidixic acid and 4.9% were resistant to enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin, whereas in sheep and goats only 0.5% and 1.4%, respectively, of the strains were resistant to nalidixic acid and none to fluoroquinolones. most of the strains resistant to quinolones were non-pathogenic strains isolated from cattle. however, the resu ...	2001	11533010
irreversible inhibition of pig kidney copper-containing amine oxidase by sodium and lithium ions.	copper amine oxidase was found to be inhibited in a complex way by small alkali metal ions. classic enzyme kinetic studies showed that li+ and na+ were weak noncompetitive inhibitors, whereas the larger alkali metals k+, rb+ and cs+ were not inhibitors. however, freezing in the presence of na+ or li+ surprisingly resulted in complete and irreversible inactivation. in the case of li+, it was possible to show that one ion per subunit was retained permanently in the inactivated enzyme, suggesting a ...	2001	11532005
molecular cloning, expression and modelling of cat allergen, cystatin (fel d 3), a cysteine protease inhibitor.	cats are an important source of indoor allergens. however, only two cat allergens, fel d 1 and albumin, have been cloned and sequenced. ige antibodies to fel d 1 and albumin do not fully account for ige responses to cat and there is good immunochemical evidence that cats produce other allergens.	2001	11529899
escherichia coli induces apoptosis and proliferation of mammary cells.	mammary cell apoptosis and proliferation were assessed after injection of escherichia coli into the left mammary quarters of six cows. bacteriological analysis of foremilk samples revealed coliform infection in the injected quarters of four cows. milk somatic cell counts increased in these quarters and peaked at 24 h after bacterial injection. body temperature also increased, peaking at 12 h postinjection. the number of apoptotic cells was significantly higher in the mastitic tissue than in the ...	2001	11526434
genotypic analyses of escherichia coli o157:h7 and o157 nonmotile isolates recovered from beef cattle and carcasses at processing plants in the midwestern states of the united states.	escherichia coli o157:h7 and o157 nonmotile isolates (e. coli o157) previously were recovered from feces, hides, and carcasses at four large midwestern beef processing plants (r. o. elder, j. e. keen, g. r. siragusa, g. a. barkocy-gallagher, m. koohmaraie, and w. w. laegreid, proc. natl. acad. sci. usa 97:2999-3003, 2000). the study implied relationships between cattle infection and carcass contamination within single-source lots as well as between preevisceration and postprocessing carcass cont ...	2001	11525971
endotoxin induces delayed ovulation following endocrine aberration during the proestrous phase in holstein heifers.	the effect of endotoxin on follicular growth and on secretion of lh, estradiol-17beta, progesterone and cortisol during the proestrous phase in cattle was investigated. holstein heifers were treated with pgf2alpha at 11-13 d after ovulation to induce luteolysis. at 42 hr after pgf2alpha treatment, heifers were administered either lipopolysaccharide (lps; escherichia coli, o111:b4, 5 microg/kg, n = 6) or saline (control; n = 6) by i.v. bolus injection. ovarian structures were monitored daily by t ...	2001	11518620
bactericidal kinetics of 3 lactoferricins against staphylococcus aureus and escherichia coli.	bovine lactoferricin is an antimicrobial, cationic peptide generated upon gastric pepsin cleavage of bovine lactoferrin. we investigated the bactericidal effects of native lactoferricin [lfcin b(17-41)], a shortened derivative [lfcin b(17-31)] and the all-d-amino acid counterpart of lfcin b(17-31) against escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus. the results revealed different activities for the peptides against gram-positive and -negative bacteria. d-lfcin b(17-31) was the most efficient pept ...	2001	11515760
acid phosphatase activity and color changes in consumer-style griddle-cooked ground beef patties.	the u.s. department of agriculture and the food and drug administration have issued temperature requirements to help consumers cook beef patty products that are free of pathogens. verification of end-point temperature (ept) is needed in cooked meat products due to concerns over outbreaks of escherichia coli o157:h7. acid phosphatase (acp) activity was studied as a potential method for determination of ept in ground beef patties cooked nonfrozen, patties frozen 7 days and thawed at room temperatu ...	2001	11510660
home-style beef jerky: effect of four preparation methods on consumer acceptability and pathogen inactivation.	the safety of homemade jerky continues to be questioned. producing a safe product that retains acceptable quality attributes is important. lethality of salmonella, escherichia coli o157:h7, and listeria monocytogenes as well as consumer acceptability and sensory attributes of jerky prepared by four methods were examined. preparation methods were drying marinated strips at 60 degrees c (representing a traditional method), boiling strips in marinade or heating in an oven to 71 degrees c prior to d ...	2001	11510659
antibodies inhibit prion propagation and clear cell cultures of prion infectivity.	prions are the transmissible pathogenic agents responsible for diseases such as scrapie and bovine spongiform encephalopathy. in the favoured model of prion replication, direct interaction between the pathogenic prion protein (prpsc) template and endogenous cellular prion protein (prpc) is proposed to drive the formation of nascent infectious prions. reagents specifically binding either prion-protein conformer may interrupt prion production by inhibiting this interaction. we examined the ability ...	2001	11507642
serological, colostral and milk responses of cows vaccinated with a single dose of a combined vaccine against rotavirus, coronavirus and escherichia coli f5 (k99).	twenty-five ayrshire/friesian cows were vaccinated once with a new combined vaccine against rotavirus, coronavirus and escherichia coli f5 (k99) or given a saline placebo 31 days before the first expected calving date. blood samples were taken from the cows at intervals from vaccination until seven days after calving and from their calves up to 28 days after birth, and colostrum and milk samples were collected from the cows at intervals for 28 days after calving. there was a significant increase ...	2001	11504200
absence of all components of the flagellar export and synthesis machinery differentially alters virulence of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium in models of typhoid fever, survival in macrophages, tissue culture invasiveness, and calf enterocolitis.	in this study, we constructed an flhd (the master flagellar regulator gene) mutant of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium and compared the virulence of the strain to that of the wild-type strain in a series of assays that included the mouse model of typhoid fever, the mouse macrophage survival assay, an intestinal epithelial cell adherence and invasion assay, and the calf model of enterocolitis. we found that the flhd mutant was more virulent than its parent in the mouse and displayed slight ...	2001	11500437
cloning, sequencing, and expression of the leukotoxin gene from fusobacterium necrophorum.	fusobacterium necrophorum is a gram-negative, rod-shaped, anaerobic bacterium that is a primary or secondary etiological agent in a variety of necrotic purulent infections in animals and humans. included are diseases of cattle such as liver abscesses and foot rot, which have economically important consequences for the cattle industry. the major virulence factor of this bacterium is leukotoxin, a secreted protein of high molecular weight active against leukocytes from ruminants. the screening of ...	2001	11500416
[escherichia coli o157 among the cattle on the polish territory].		2001	11496786
a kunitz trypsin inhibitor gene family from trembling aspen (populus tremuloides michx.): cloning, functional expression, and induction by wounding and herbivory.	three kunitz trypsin inhibitor genes were isolated from trembling aspen (populus tremuloides) by pcr and cdna screening. based on sequence similarity, they were grouped into two classes. southern blots showed complex banding patterns and a high level of restriction fragment polymorphism between different aspen genotypes, suggesting that these trypsin inhibitors are members of a large, rapidly evolving gene family. one of the trypsin inhibitor genes, ptti2. was over-expressed in escherichia coli ...	2001	11488481
fibroblast growth factor-2 antagonist activity and angiostatic capacity of sulfated escherichia coli k5 polysaccharide derivatives.	the angiogenic basic fibroblast growth factor (fgf2) interacts with tyrosine kinase receptors (fgfrs) and heparan sulfate proteoglycans (hspgs) in endothelial cells. here, we report the fgf2 antagonist and antiangiogenic activity of novel sulfated derivatives of the escherichia coli k5 polysaccharide. k5 polysaccharide was chemically sulfated in n- and/or o-position after n-deacetylation. o-sulfated and n,o-sulfated k5 derivatives with a low degree and a high degree of sulfation compete with hep ...	2001	11473122
reduced amide bond peptidomimetics. (4s)-n-(4-amino-5-[aminoakyl]aminopentyl)-n'-nitroguanidines, potent and highly selective inhibitors of neuronal nitric oxide synthase.	selective inhibition of the isoforms of nitric oxide synthase (nos) could be therapeutically useful in the treatment of certain disease states arising from the overproduction of nitric oxide. recently, we reported nitroarginine-containing dipeptide amides (huang, h; martasek, p.; roman, l. j.; masters, b. s. s.; silverman, r. b. j. med. chem. 1999, 42, 3147.) and some peptidomimetic analogues (huang, h; martasek, p.; roman, l. j.; silverman, r.b. j. med chem. 2000, 43, 2938.) as potent and selec ...	2001	11472219
detection of antibodies to hypoderma lineatum in cattle by western blotting with recombinant hypodermin c antigen.	the cdna encoding the entire mature hypodermin c (hc) of hypoderma lineatum was cloned and expressed in escherichia coli as a glutathione s-transferase fusion protein using pgex vector. the recombinant hc protein (rhc) was tested by western blotting to detect antibodies to h. lineatum in cattle. western blotting with rhc as antigen clearly differentiated between h. lineatum-infested cattle sera and normal cattle sera. forty-six out of forty-eight serum samples from cattle in central mongolia wer ...	2001	11470181
fate of escherichia coli o157:h7, salmonella typhimurium dt 104, and listeria monocytogenes in fresh meat decontamination fluids at 4 and 10 degrees c.	bacterial pathogens may colonize meat plants and increase food safety risks following survival, stress hardening, or proliferation in meat decontamination fluids (washings). the objective of this study was to evaluate the ability of escherichia coli o157:h7, salmonella typhimurium dt 104, and listeria monocytogenes to survive or grow in spray-washing fluids from fresh beef top rounds sprayed with water (10 or 85 degrees c) or acid solutions (2% lactic or acetic acid, 55 degrees c) during storage ...	2001	11456202
depletion study of trimethoprim and sulphadiazine in milk and its relationship with mastitis pathogenic bacteria strains minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics) in dairy cows.	time-related concentrations in milk of a combination of trimethoprim-sulphadiazine (tmp-sdz) intramammary formulated infusion and its relationship with pathogenic bacteria strains minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics) isolated from clinical mastitis cows were analysed. the mics study was performed for escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus and streptococcus sp. strains. the sdz concentrations in milk were analysed using high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc) and tmp using a microbiolo ...	2001	11442781
expression of bovine leukemia virus protein p24 in escherichia coli and its use in the immunoblotting assay.	the gag gene encoded protein, p24 of bovine leukemia virus (blv), was cloned and expressed as thioredoxin-6xhis-p24 protein in escherichia coli. the bacterial cells carrying plasmid pt7this-p24 expressed the protein of 38 kda that was detected by immunoblotting analysis using anti-p24 monoclonal antibodies and sera from blv infected cattle and sheep. the purified p24 fusion protein was shown to be sensitive and specific for detection of blv antibodies in the infected cattle.	2001	11440174
identification of methylated cpg motifs as inhibitors of the immune stimulatory cpg motifs.	the unmethylated cpg motifs within e. coli dna (ec) cause immune stimulation. in contrast, mammalian dna such as calf thymus (ct) dna had been thought to be immunologically inert. in this article, we demonstrate that ct dna unexpectedly specifically inhibits the immune activation by ec but not that by endotoxin. this inhibitory effect was mediated in the signaling pathway activated by ec since ct dna markedly inhibited the cpg-induced nuclear translocation of the transcription factors, nf-kappab ...	2001	11438837
aetiology of clinical mastitis in six somerset dairy herds.	clinical mastitis was monitored in six somerset dairy herds for one year. the herds all had three-month geometric mean bulk milk somatic cell counts of less than 250,000 cells/ml. escherichia coli was the predominant pathogen isolated on all the farms and in all months of the year. environmental pathogens accounted for 61.4 per cent of all cases of clinical mastitis and for 79.3 per cent of the mastitis cases in which an aetiological agent was identified. the mean annual incidence was 41.6 cases ...	2001	11425254
a functioning chimera of the cyclic nucleotide-binding domain from the bovine retinal rod ion channel and the dna-binding domain from catabolite gene-activating protein.	the eukaryotic cyclic nucleotide-gated (cng) ion channels are a family of large membrane proteins activated by cytoplasmic cgmp or camp. their cyclic nucleotide-binding domain is structurally homologous with that of the catabolite gene-activator protein (cap), a soluble escherichia coli transcription factor. differences in ligand activation among sensory channels suggest differences in the underlying molecular mechanisms of signal readout. to study the structural, functional, and conformational ...	2001	11412099
occurrence of shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli in fecal samples from children with diarrhea and from healthy zebu cattle in uganda.	fecal samples collected from 237 diarrheic infants in kampala, uganda and from 159 healthy cattle from a ranch in the central region of uganda were investigated for the presence of escherichia coli o157 and other types of shiga toxin-producing e. coli (stec). e. coli o157 were not detected in 150 stool samples from children which were cultivated on sorbitol macconkey agar. a search for all types of stec performed on 87 additional human stool samples with an enzyme-immunoassay for shiga toxins (p ...	2001	11407553
the control of vtec in the animal reservoir.	a great diversity of vtecs exist but only in the case of escherichia coli o157:h7, a common human foodborne pathogen, has sufficient research been done to allow generalizations about the ecology. the key features are as follows: lack of host specificity such that indistinguishable isolates can be found in a variety of species; near-ubiquitous distribution in cattle (and perhaps other ruminant) farms; transient residence in the gastrointestinal flora of individual animals that is not associated w ...	2001	11407550
faecal carriage of verocytotoxin-producing escherichia coli o157 and carcass contamination in cattle at slaughter in northern italy.	a study on the prevalence of the faecal carriage of verocytotoxin (vt)-producing escherichia coli (vtec) o157 and on the rate of carcass contamination was carried out on feedlot cattle and dairy cows at slaughter in northern italy. between april 1998 and january 1999, 12 sampling visits were performed on different days in seven different slaughterhouses. at each visit, 5-12 animals consecutively slaughtered were selected. from each animal, faeces were collected from the rectum immediately after ...	2001	11407547
effect of stress induced by suboptimal growth factors on survival of escherichia coli o157:h7.	this study investigated the growth and survival of e. coli o157:h7 exposed to a combination of suboptimal factors (22 degrees c, 7 degrees c, -18 degrees c/0.5% nacl, 5.0% nacl/ph 7.0, ph 5.4, ph 4.5/addition of lactic acid) in a simulation medium for red meat (beef gravy). prolonged survival was noted as the imposed stress was more severe, and as multiple growth factors became suboptimal. at a defined temperature (7 degrees c or -18 degrees c), survival was prolonged at the more acid, more subo ...	2001	11407545
zero-tolerance for faecal contamination of carcasses as a tool in the control of o157 vtec infections.	the dutch government, the meat producers organisation and the meat industry have recognised o157 vtec as an important public health hazard, and agreed on the necessity to improve the hygiene in dutch cattle- and calf-slaughtering establishments. this paper reports activities within a national action programme to achieve this objective, "zero-tolerance for faecal contamination during slaughter of cattle and calves". the study included inspection of hygienic performances in slaughterhouses, and vi ...	2001	11407542
influence of bacterial factors on proliferation of bovine mammary epithelial cells.	effects of bovine mastitis pathogen virulence factors on mammary epithelial cell function are not clearly understood. in this study, the effect of streptococcal lipoteichoic acid (lta), streptokinase, and escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (lps) on proliferation of a primary bovine mammary epithelial cell culture (bte) and on an established bovine mammary epithelial cell line (mac-t) was evaluated. mammary epithelial cells were cultured in the presence of bacterial virulence factors for 48 h at ...	2001	11407018
the effect of various carbonate sources on the survival of escherichia coli in dairy cattle manure.	manure slurries (n = 3) prepared from the feces and urine of lactating dairy cattle (1 part urine, 2.2 parts feces, and 6.8 parts distilled water) had an initial ph of 8.6 +/- 0.1; dissolved carbonate concentrations of 48 +/- 4 mm, and escherichia coli counts of 5.9 +/- 0.7 logs per ml slurry. the ph of untreated slurries declined to ph 7.0 +/- 0.1 by the 10th day of incubation, and the e. coli count increased approximately 10-fold (p < 0.05). when slurries were treated with na2co3, k2co3, nahco ...	2001	11400074
necrotoxigenic escherichia coli type-2 invade and cause diarrhoea during experimental infection in colostrum-restricted newborn calves.	there exists experimental evidence that necrotoxigenic escherichia coli (ntec) strains producing the cytotoxic necrotising factor 1 cause intestinal and extra-intestinal disease in piglets. on the other hand, no experimental model has been developed with ntec strains producing the cytotoxic necrotising factor 2. in all, 14 colostrum-restricted calves were orally challenged with two strains isolated from the faeces of a diarrheic calf (b20a) or from the heart blood of a septicaemic calf (1404). a ...	2001	11390113
regulation of bovine e-selectin expression by recombinant tumor necrosis factor alpha and lipopolysaccharide.	induction of adhesion molecules by cytokines and lps is an important mechanism of regulating leukocyte migration into tissue. expression and regulation of e-selectin may be differentially influenced by the stimuli involved with effects on mrna or surface protein kinetics. surface protein and mrna expression kinetics of bovine e-selectin were measured and compared in primary cultures of bovine aortic endothelial cells (baec) stimulated for various periods of time with recombinant bovine tumor nec ...	2001	11389952
the influence of plasma on the disinfecting activity of the new antimicrobial agent n-chlorotaurine-sodium in comparison with chloramine t.	the phenomenon of increasing bactericidal activity of n-chlorotaurine in the presence of chlorine-consuming material has been investigated both on a chemical-analytical and microbiological basis using plasma as substrate and chloramine t for comparison. chlorine consumption assessed by iodometric titration showed a biphasic time-course with a very fast loss of oxidation capacity within one minute (n-chlorotaurine: -9.3%, chloramine t: -16.8%) followed by a slow loss which could still be detected ...	2001	11370708
local and systemic effects of endotoxin mastitis on the chemiluminescence of milk and blood neutrophils in dairy cows.	the local and systemic effects of intramammary lipopolysaccharide (lps) injection on the chemiluminescence (cl) of milk and blood polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmn) were investigated in six healthy early lactation cows. clinical signs of acute mastitis such as fever, increased heart rate and a decreased milk production were observed in all cows. before lps challenge, the cl activity of milk pmn was significantly lower than that of blood pmn (p < 0.01). a significant negative correlation was foun ...	2001	11361149
molecular characterisation of shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli o157 strains isolated in poland.	ten escherichia coli o157 strains isolated from cattle and children in poland were investigated by the use of molecular biological methods. all strains possessed the intimin and enterohaemolysin genes and harboured the genetic determinants for stx2 toxin (five isolates), stx1 toxin (two strains) or both (three isolates). the genetic relatedness of the strains was examined by restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) of chromosomal dna digested with xbal and notl. nine closely related rflp ...	2001	11356098
lack of antitumor activity of recombinant endostatin in a human neuroblastoma xenograft model.	patients with metastatic neuroblastoma are rarely curable with currently available therapy, and the search for new treatment options, which include the use of inhibitors of tumor angiogenesis, is warranted. here, we have evaluated the efficacy of one of the most promising natural inhibitors of angiogenesis described to date, endostatin, in a human neuroblastoma xenograft model in nude mice. murine endostatin cdna was cloned in a bacterial expression vector, expressed as a polyhis-endostatin fusi ...	2001	11349875