Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| infective endocarditis caused by salmonella enteritidis in a dialysis patient: a case report and literature review. | infective endocarditis is significantly more common in haemodialysis patients as compared with the general population, the causative pathogen is generally staphylococcus aureus; there have been no previously reported cases of infective endocarditis caused by a salmonella species in haemodialysis patients. | 2009 | 19788759 |
| characterization of the first extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing nontyphoidal salmonella strains isolated in tehran, iran. | the infections caused by salmonella remain a significant public health problem throughout the world. beta-lactams and fluoroquinolones are generally used to treat invasive salmonella infections, but emergence and spread of antibiotic-resistant strains are being increasingly notified in many countries. in particular, detection of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (esbls) in salmonella spp. is a newly emerging threat worldwide. this study was carried out to characterize beta-lactamase-producing sa ... | 2010 | 19785534 |
| inhibition of salmonella enteritidis by cerein 8a, edta and sodium lactate. | the ability of the bacteriocin cerein 8a to inhibit salmonella enteritidis in combination with edta and sodium lactate was investigated. salmonella enteritidis was incubated with combinations of cerein 8a (3200au/ml) and edta (20, 50, 100 mmol/l) or sodium lactate (200 mmol/l). all treatments caused a significant reduction in the od(600) values of salmonella enteritidis cultures. the addition of cerein 8a plus edta resulted in higher inhibition in comparison with the bacteriocin alone; the great ... | 2009 | 19775768 |
| the cereal type in feed influences salmonella enteritidis colonization in broilers. | a study was conducted to analyze the effect of the cereal type in the diet on the susceptibility for salmonella enteritidis in broilers. in the first experiment, 40 newly hatched broiler chicks were randomly assigned to 4 different experimental treatment groups. two treatment groups were fed a maize-soybean-based diet, of which one contained 100 mg/kg of the antibiotic growth promoter zinc bacitracin. the 2 other treatment groups were fed a wheat/rye-soybean-based diet, of which one was suppleme ... | 2009 | 19762863 |
| effects of feed supplementation with specific hen egg yolk antibody (immunoglobin y) on salmonella species cecal colonization and growth performances of challenged broiler chickens. | anti-salmonella spp. egg yolk antibodies (igy) simultaneously directed against salmonella enteritidis and salmonella typhimurium were tested to determine if their inclusion in feed decreased salmonella spp. cecal colonization in experimentally infected broiler chickens. egg yolk powder (eyp) was obtained by freeze-drying egg yolks containing anti-salmonella spp. immunoglobin y was included in feed at 5 levels of concentration (0 to 5%). feeds were formulated to similar nutrient levels and provid ... | 2009 | 19762860 |
| nontyphoid salmonella gastroenteritis in pediatric patients from urban areas in the city of mérida, venezuela. | nontyphoid salmonella (nts) infections are a frequent cause of self-limited diarrhoeal illness in healthy children that do not usually require antibiotic treatment. this study was conducted by analyzing the phenotypic and genotypic traits of nts strains from pediatric patients with acute gastroenteritis living in urban areas in the city of mérida, venezuela. | 2009 | 19749446 |
| feeding the bt cationic peptides to chickens at hatch reduces cecal colonization by salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis and primes innate immune cell functional activity. | the bt/tamus 2032 (bt) cationic peptides are a group of related cationic peptides produced by a gram-positive soil bacterium, brevibacillus texasporus. cationic amphiphilic peptides produced by host cells have been found to stimulate or prime the innate immune responses in mammals, but little information is available on the effects of bacterial-produced peptides on host immunity. we have previously shown that bt, provided as a feed additive for 4 days after hatch, significantly induced protectio ... | 2010 | 19735207 |
| scale-up seed decontamination process to inactivate escherichia coli o157:h7 and salmonella enteritidis on mung bean seeds. | a majority of the seed sprout-related outbreaks have been associated with escherichia coli o157:h7 and salmonella spp. therefore, it is necessary to find an effective method to inactivate these microorganisms on the seeds before sprouting. when treatment with hot water at 85 degrees c for 40 sec followed by dipping in cold water for 30 sec and soaking into chlorine water (2000 ppm) for 2 h was performed, no viable pathogens were found in the enrichment medium and during the sprouting process. th ... | 2010 | 19735203 |
| effects of a multi-species probiotic on biomarkers of competitive exclusion efficacy in broilers challenged with salmonella enteritidis. | 1. probiotics are beneficial microbes that are currently considered as alternatives to antimicrobial growth promoters (agp) in animal nutrition. in addition, they are purported to suppress pathogens in the gut via the concept of competitive exclusion (ce). the aim of this work was to evaluate the efficacy of a multistrain probiotic against salmonella enteritidis (se) in broilers. 2. three hundred and four, one-day-old, male cobb broilers were fed a corn-soybean basal diet and were allocated to f ... | 2009 | 19735016 |
| genotypic characterization of antibiotic-resistant salmonella enteritidis isolates in dakar, senegal. | it is well established that salmonella enterica is a major cause of food-borne disease worldwide. in africa, according to the who global salm-surv country data bank from 2000 to 2002 salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis was the most common serotype involved in human salmonellosis. in dakar this serotype of salmonella has been reported as a frequent and an increasing cause of human infection. | 2007 | 19734606 |
| flow cytometric characterization of peyer's patch and cecal tonsil t lymphocytes in laying hens following challenge with salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis. | two trials were conducted to determine t cell changes in peyer's patches (pp) and cecal tonsils (ct) of specific-pathogen-free single-comb white leghorn hens challenged with salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis (se). each week, crop lavage samples were obtained from 4 or 3 hens in trials 1 and 2, respectively. these birds were then sacrificed and their intestinal tracts excised. the crop sample and contents of one cecum from each hen were cultured for the presence of se. cells were purified f ... | 2010 | 19732961 |
| thermal inactivation kinetics for salmonella enteritidis pt30 on almonds subjected to moist-air convection heating. | a traditional thermal inactivation kinetic model (d- and z-value) was modified to account for the effect of process humidity on thermal inactivation of salmonella enteritidis pt30 on the surface of almonds subjected to moist-air heating. raw almonds were surface inoculated to approximately 10(8) cfu/g and subjected to moist-air heating in a computer-controlled laboratory-scale convection oven. time-temperature data were collected for 125 conditions (five dry bulb temperatures, 121 to 232 degrees ... | 2009 | 19722390 |
| inactivation of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis on shell eggs by pulsed light technology. | this is a study on the efficacy of pulsed light (pl) technology for the inactivation of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis on shell eggs. in preliminary studies on noble agar, a pl treatment of 0.7 j/cm(2) gave an inactivation of 6.7 log cfu/cm(2). photoreactivation of salmonella (0.5-0.7 log cfu/cm(2)) was observed. different results were obtained in eggs according to the state of the cuticle. when unwashed eggs were pulsed, 24 to 80% of the samples showed the maximum decontamination (3.6 ... | 2009 | 19720417 |
| dam methylation controls o-antigen chain length in salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis by regulating the expression of wzz protein. | we reported previously that a salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis dam mutant expressing a truncated dam protein does not agglutinate in the presence of specific antibodies against o9 polysaccharide. here we investigate the participation of dam in lipopolysaccharide (lps) synthesis in salmonella. the lps o-antigen profiles of a dam null mutant (sedeltadam) and the salmonella serovar enteritidis parental strain were examined by using electrophoresis and silver staining. compared to the parenta ... | 2009 | 19717610 |
| use of multiple-locus variable number tandem repeat analysis and phage typing for subtyping of salmonella enteritidis from sporadic human cases in the united states. | to investigate the genetic diversity among s. enteritidis isolates from different geographic regions to evaluate the relationship between phage types (pts) and variable number tandem repeat analysis (vntr) loci. | 2010 | 19709332 |
| in vitro investigations of the effect of probiotics and prebiotics on selected human intestinal pathogens. | abstract this study investigated the effects of selected probiotic microorganisms, in combination with prebiotics, on certain human intestinal food-borne pathogens. probiotics grown with different carbohydrate sources were observed to inhibit growth of escherichia coli, campylobacter jejuni and salmonella enteritidis, with the extent of inhibition varying according to the carbohydrate source provided. prebiotics identified as being preferentially utilised by the probiotics tested were oligofruct ... | 2002 | 19709185 |
| cloning of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis fimbrial protein sefa as a surface protein in escherichia coli confers the ability to attach to eukaryotic cell lines. | the gene for the salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis fimbrial protein sefa was cloned into an escherichia coli surface expression vector and confirmed by western blot assay. e. coli clones expressing sefa attached to avian ovary granulosa cells and hep-2 cells, providing evidence for the involvement of sefa in the ability of salmonella to attach to eukaryotic cells. | 2009 | 19700549 |
| sensitivity of environmental sampling methods for detecting salmonella enteritidis in commercial laying flocks relative to the within-flock prevalence. | the objective of this study was to estimate the sensitivity of three different sampling/testing methodologies for the detection of salmonella enteritidis in commercial egg-laying flocks relative to the within-flock prevalence. the following methods were compared on 21 farms: (1) the european union (eu) baseline survey method (five faecal and two dust samples); (2) an in-house method that involved collecting 10 dust and 10 faecal samples into jars with buffered peptone water, and (3) a method inv ... | 2010 | 19698210 |
| genome scale reconstruction of a salmonella metabolic model: comparison of similarity and differences with a commensal escherichia coli strain. | salmonella are closely related to commensal escherichia coli but have gained virulence factors enabling them to behave as enteric pathogens. less well studied are the similarities and differences that exist between the metabolic properties of these organisms that may contribute toward niche adaptation of salmonella pathogens. to address this, we have constructed a genome scale salmonella metabolic model (ima945). the model comprises 945 open reading frames or genes, 1964 reactions, and 1036 meta ... | 2009 | 19690172 |
| salmonella detection in feces during broiler rearing and after live transport to the slaughterhouse. | eggs and poultry meat are a common source of human salmonellosis. contamination of poultry or poultry meat may occur throughout the production chain. nevertheless, in spain, noncontaminated broiler meat may be sold for human consumption from 2011. the aims of this study were as follows: (i) assess salmonella detection from feces samples during the rearing and (ii) assess the influence of live transport to the slaughterhouse on salmonella detection. during this study, 65 flocks were sampled at we ... | 2009 | 19687287 |
| quantitative analysis of salmonella enteritidis loads in ducklings after nasal inoculation. | the distribution patterns of salmonella enteritidis in systemic organs, which have not been described previously, should be studied to better understand its pathogenesis in vivo. we inoculated the ducklings with salmonella enteritidis via the nasal route and performed a real-time pcr assay for determining the concentration of salmonella enteritidis dna and studied the histopathology of various tissues postinoculation. the results show that the salmonella enteritidis load in systemic organs has a ... | 2009 | 19687274 |
| prognostic factors and clinical features of non-typhoid salmonella bacteremia in adults. | infections caused by non-typhoid salmonella (nts) have increased, and the increasing incidence of multidrug-resistant nts bacteremia in adult patients has also been noted. this study aimed to investigate the clinical and microbiological characteristics of nts bacteremia. | 2009 | 19686996 |
| flavocoxid, a dual inhibitor of cyclooxygenase and 5-lipoxygenase, blunts pro-inflammatory phenotype activation in endotoxin-stimulated macrophages. | the flavonoids, baicalin and catechin, from scutellaria baicalensis and acacia catechu, respectively, have been used for various clinical applications. flavocoxid is a mixed extract containing baicalin and catechin, and acts as a dual inhibitor of cyclooxygenase (cox) and 5-lipoxygenase (lox) enzymes. the anti-inflammatory activity, measured by protein and gene expression of inflammatory markers, of flavocoxid in rat peritoneal macrophages stimulated with salmonella enteritidis lipopolysaccharid ... | 2009 | 19681869 |
| quantification of horizontal transmission of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis bacteria in pair-housed groups of laying hens. | an important source of human salmonellosis is the consumption of table eggs contaminated with salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis. optimization of the various surveillance programs currently implemented to reduce human exposure requires knowledge of the dynamics of s. enteritidis infection within flocks. the aim of this study was to provide parameter estimates for a transmission model of s. enteritidis in laying-type chicken flocks. an experiment was carried out with 60 pairs of laying hens. ... | 2009 | 19666725 |
| characterization of lactobacillus spp. isolated from the feces of breast-feeding piglets. | lactobacillus spp., referred to as ij-1 and ij-2, were isolated from the feces of breast-feeding piglets and analyzed for probiotic properties. according to the analyses of 16s rdna sequence, lactobacillus sp. ij-1 showed greater than 99% homology with lactobacillus reuteri dsm 20016(t), and lactobacillus sp. ij-2 had greater than 99% homology with the l. gasseri atcc 33323(t) and l. johnsonii atcc 33200(t). the ph changes in the culture media of lactobacillus sp. ij-1 and lactobacillus sp. ij-2 ... | 2009 | 19664551 |
| two-stage operation for an extensive infected aortic arch. | 2010 | 19660417 | |
| transcriptional profiling avian beta-defensins in chicken oviduct epithelial cells before and after infection with salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis. | salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis (se) colonizes the ovary and oviduct of chickens without causing overt clinical signs which can lead to se-contamination of the content and membrane of shell-eggs as well as hatchery eggs. the organism utilizes the salmonella pathogenicity island-2 encoded type iii secretion system (t3ss-2) to promote persistence in the oviduct of laying hens. in this study, reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) was carried out to determine the expressio ... | 2009 | 19642979 |
| development and application of an electrochemical plate coupled with immunomagnetic beads (elime) array for salmonella enterica detection in meat samples. | salmonella is one of the main organisms causing outbreaks of foodborne illness, and meat is one of the major vehicles of salmonellosis throughout the world. a novel analytical immunosensor array, based on a 96-well electrochemical plate coupled with immunomagnetic beads (elime array), is proposed for the detection of salmonella in meat samples. after an optimization study, using salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis as reference antigen, the ability of the method to interact with a large numb ... | 2009 | 19639993 |
| salmonella osteomyelitis in pregnancy. | salmonella osteomyelitis is rare in the immunocompetent host, even though salmonella is not an infrequent public health problem. invasive salmonellosis has in general a poor outcome in pregnancy with regard to fetal survival. we report the case of a healthy woman who developed salmonella osteomyelitis of the iliac bone four weeks after a febrile gastroenteritis in the first trimester of pregnancy. diagnosis was confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging scanning of the iliac bone and a growth of sa ... | 2009 | 19639457 |
| salmonella septic arthritis in a patient with crohn's disease on infliximab. | 2010 | 19637386 | |
| decontamination of chicken skin surfaces inoculated with listeria innocua, salmonella enteritidis and campylobacter jejuni by contact with a concentrated lactic acid solution. | 1. the aim was to establish how poultry skin could be efficiently decontaminated without changing its organoleptic properties. 2. chicken skins were surface inoculated with listeria innocua and treated with different acid solutions (2 and 10% lactic acid for 1 and 30 min). surviving bacteria were enumerated immediately after treatment and after 7 d storage at 4 degrees c. 3. reductions of up to 2.6 log were reached immediately after treatment. the treatment effect persisted for 7 d storage, when ... | 2009 | 19637030 |
| antimicrobial activity of pomegranate (punica granatum l.) fruit peels. | food-borne diseases such as listeriosis and diseases caused by the emergence of multi-drug resistant pathogens (e.g. staphylococcus aureus) are globally recognized as environmental hazards to the food supply and human health. natural inhibitors for pathogenic microorganisms have been explored in many plants. the antimicrobial activity against some food-borne pathogens by various extracts from pomegranate fruit peels was evaluated using both in vitro (agar diffusion) and in situ (food) methods. t ... | 2009 | 19632734 |
| efficacy of a novel trivalent inactivated vaccine against the shedding of salmonella in a chicken challenge model. | the safety and efficacy of a novel trivalent inactivated salmonella vaccine consisting of salmonella enteritidis (se), salmonella typhimurium (st), and salmonella infantis (si) was evaluated with chickens. chickens were injected subcutaneously with 0.5 ml per dose of the vaccine with an oil adjuvant. to assess the efficacy of the vaccine, vaccinated and unvaccinated chickens were challenged by oral inoculation of se, st, si, and salmonella heidelberg (sh) virulent strains 4 wk after vaccination. ... | 2009 | 19630237 |
| aerosol spray treatment with bacteriophages and competitive exclusion reduces salmonella enteritidis infection in chickens. | a combination of three different salmonella-specific bacteriophages (bps) and one competitive exclusion (ce) product were used to reduce salmonella enteritidis (se) colonization in experimentally infected chickens. equal numbers of 7-day-old chickens were used in each of three groups: a ce group (treated with ce), a bp group (treated with bp), and a ce-plus-bp group (treated with both products). the ce product was administered via coarse spray at 1 day of age and the cocktail of three bps was gi ... | 2009 | 19630232 |
| ecomment: efficacy of endovascular aneurysm repair in salmonella mycotic aneurysm. | 2009 | 19628548 | |
| phytochemical, antibacterial, antiproliferative, and antioxidant potentials and dna damage-protecting activity of acacia salicina extracts. | the extract enriched in total oligomer flavonoids (tof), and the aqueous, methanol, and ethyl acetate extracts of acacia salicina were investigated for their polyphenolic compound content, antioxidative activity in the nitro blue tetrazolium/riboflavin assay system, antibacterial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial reference strains, antigenotoxic activity tested with the ames assay, and cytotoxic activity against the k562 human chronic myelogenous leukemia cell line and l ... | 2009 | 19627220 |
| probiotic dahi containing lactobacillus casei protects against salmonella enteritidis infection and modulates immune response in mice. | in the present study, effect of dahi containing probiotic lactobacillus casei (probiotic dahi) was evaluated to modulate immune response against salmonella enteritidis infection in mice. animals were fed with milk products along with standard diet for 2 and 7 days prior to the s. enteritidis challenge and continued on the respective dairy food-supplemented diets during the postchallenge period. translocation of s. enteritidis in spleen and liver, beta-galactosidase and beta-glucuronidase enzymat ... | 2009 | 19627206 |
| antimicrobial, mechanical, and barrier properties of cassava starch-chitosan films incorporated with oregano essential oil. | the physicochemical and antimicrobial properties of starch-chitosan films incorporated with oregano essential oil (oeo) have been investigated. the antimicrobial effects of starch-chitosan-oeo films against bacillus cereus, escherichia coli, salmonella enteritidis, and staphylococcus aureus were determined by the disk inhibition zone method. the film mechanical properties, water vapor permeability (wvp), fourier transform infrared spectra (ftir), and thermograms (tga) were also determined. films ... | 2009 | 19627142 |
| effectiveness of sanitizers, dry heat, hot water, and gas catalytic infrared heat treatments to inactivate salmonella on almonds. | the majority of almond-related foodborne outbreaks have been associated with salmonella. therefore, it is necessary to find an effective method to inactivate these organisms on raw almond prior to market distribution. this study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of sanitizers (strong or mild electrolyzed water, ozonated water, and distilled water), dry heat treatment, and hot water treatments followed by catalytic infrared (ir) heat treatment to inactivate salmonella populations on raw a ... | 2009 | 19622034 |
| prevalence of salmonella in vegetables from mexico. | the present study is an overview of the role of vegetables as a transmission vehicle of salmonella in mexico. one hundred samples of each of 17 different vegetables were analyzed during a period of 18 months. salmonella was isolated from 98 samples. salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium was isolated from the highest percentage of samples with typeable salmonella isolates (23.9%), followed by s. enterica subsp. arizonae and salmonella choleraesuis each from 16.9%, salmonella gallinarum from 11. ... | 2009 | 19610340 |
| survival of foodborne pathogens in grain products and the effect of catechins. | we investigated the survival of bacterial pathogens in grain products. salmonella enteritidis and staphylococcus aureus survived for more than 3 weeks in grain flakes. although s. enteritidis in grain flakes reached a level of less than 10(2) cfu/g, the surviving organisms grew rapidly in milk and reached 10(9) cfu/g after 25-hr incubation. when catechins were present on the grain flakes, the numbers of s. enteritidis and s. aureus were significantly decreased. in addition, catechins reduced the ... | 2009 | 19602859 |
| deletion of sodci and spvbc in salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis reduced its virulence to the natural virulence of serovars agona, hadar and infantis for mice but not for chickens early after infection. | salmonella enterica serovars typhimurium, enteritidis, dublin, choleraesuis or gallinarum can colonise liver and spleen in particular hosts while infections with serovars infantis, agona, hadar, etc. are usually limited to gastrointestinal tract. reasons for this behavior are unknown, although it has been shown that sodci and spv genes exhibit a strict distribution between more and less virulent serovars and they influence salmonella virulence. however to what extent the presence or absence of t ... | 2009 | 19595520 |
| screening of lactic acid bacteria toward their selection as a source of chicken probiotic. | in this study, 332 lactic acid bacteria of broiler gut origin were investigated as putative probiotic candidates. sixty-two bacteria showed the highest aggregation while showing antibacterial effects against salmonella enteritidis, salmonella typhimurium, and escherichia coli o78:k80. enzymatic activities of the selected bacteria were examined. no lipase activity was detected, but all of them showed almost similar proteolytic activities. however, they had different amylase and phytase activities ... | 2009 | 19590072 |
| prevention of salmonella enteritidis in shell eggs during production, storage, and transportation. final rule. | the food and drug administration (fda) is issuing a final rule that requires shell egg producers to implement measures to prevent salmonella enteritidis (se) from contaminating eggs on the farm and from further growth during storage and transportation, and requires these producers to maintain records concerning their compliance with the rule and to register with fda. fda is taking this action because se is among the leading bacterial causes of foodborne illness in the united states, and shell eg ... | 2009 | 19588581 |
| essential oils against foodborne pathogens and spoilage bacteria in minced meat. | the antimicrobial activity of essential oils of oregano, thyme, basil, marjoram, lemongrass, ginger, and clove was investigated in vitro by agar dilution method and minimal inhibitory concentration (mic) determination against gram-positive (staphylococcus aureus and listeria monocytogenes) and gram-negative strains (escherichia coli and salmonella enteritidis). mic(90%) values were tested against bacterial strains inoculated experimentally in irradiated minced meat and against natural microbiota ... | 2009 | 19580445 |
| comparative analysis of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis mutants with a vaccine potential. | if any new live salmonella vaccine is introduced in the future, it is quite probable that detailed characterisation of its attenuation will be required. in this study we therefore compared 34 isogenic mutants of s. enteritidis in aroa, arod, gale, ssra, ssea, phop, rpos, ompr, htra, clpp, lon, rfal, rfag, rfac, hfq, sodci, hila, sipa, avra, sopb, sopa, sope, sifa, shda, flic, fur, rela, spot, rel-spot, misl, rmba, stm4258, stm4259 and spvbc genes for their resistance to stresses likely to be exp ... | 2009 | 19577637 |
| identification of genetic and phenotypic differences associated with prevalent and non-prevalent salmonella enteritidis phage types: analysis of variation in amino acid transport. | in this study, differences at the genetic level of 37 salmonella enteritidis strains from five phage types (pts) were compared using comparative genomic hybridization (cgh) to assess differences between pts. there were approximately 400 genes that differentiated prevalent (4, 6, 8 and 13a) and sporadic (11) pts, of which 35 were unique to prevalent pts, including six plasmid-borne genes, pefa, b, c, d, srgc and rck, and four chromosomal genes encoding putative amino acid transporters. phenotype ... | 2009 | 19574306 |
| who global salm-surv external quality assurance system for serotyping of salmonella isolates from 2000 to 2007. | an international external quality assurance system (eqas) for the serotyping of salmonella species was initiated in 2000 by who global salm-surv to enhance the capacity of national reference laboratories to obtain reliable data for surveillance purposes worldwide. seven eqas iterations were conducted between 2000 and 2007. in each iteration, participating laboratories submitted serotyping results for eight salmonella isolates. a total of 249 laboratories in 96 countries participated in at least ... | 2009 | 19571024 |
| acute non-typhoid salmonella mycotic aneurysm of the thoracic aorta. | 2009 | 19565067 | |
| development of a cell culture method to isolate and enrich salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis from shell eggs for subsequent detection by real-time pcr. | salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis is a major cause of nontyphoidal salmonellosis from ingestion of contaminated raw or undercooked shell eggs. current techniques used to identify salmonella serotype enteritidis in eggs are extremely laborious and time-consuming. in this study, a novel eukaryotic cell culture system was combined with real-time pcr analysis to rapidly identify salmonella serotype enteritidis in raw shell eggs. the system was compared to the standard microbiological method o ... | 2009 | 19561188 |
| food-borne salmonella outbreak at a bank cafeteria: an investigation in an arab country in transition. | 2009 | 19554996 | |
| immunoadjuvant capacity of flagellin and mannosamine-coated poly(anhydride) nanoparticles in oral vaccination. | bioadhesive poly(anhydride) nanoparticles coated with mannose (m-np) or salmonella enteritidis derived flagellin (f-np) were designed to be applied in oral vaccination strategies using ovalbumin (ova) as antigen model. nanoparticles formulations (ova-m-np, ova-f-np and control ova-np) were characterized and evaluated in balb/c mice. ova-m-np and ova-f-np displayed a size of about 300-400 nm and were efficiently coated with the respective ligand, systemic and mucosal immune responses reported aft ... | 2009 | 19539576 |
| differential modulation of beta-defensin gene expression by salmonella enteritidis in intestinal epithelial cells from resistant and susceptible chicken inbred lines. | beta-defensins are important components of innate immunity in mucosal tissue, a major entry site for several pathogens. these small cationic peptides possess antimicrobial activity against various microorganisms including salmonella. two chicken inbred lines, 6 and 15i, diverge phenotypically with respect to levels of salmonella enteritidis intestinal carriage and to level of gene expression of two beta-defensins, avbd1 and avbd2. the cellular source of these two defensins in the intestinal tiss ... | 2009 | 19539093 |
| accelerated type iii secretion system 2-dependent enteropathogenesis by a salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis pt4/6 strain. | salmonella enterica subsp. i serovars typhimurium and enteritidis are major causes of enteric disease. the pathomechanism of enteric infection by serovar typhimurium has been studied in detail. serovar typhimurium employs two pathways in parallel for triggering disease, i.e., the "classical" pathway, triggered by type iii secretion system 1 (ttss-1), and the "alternative" pathway, mediated by ttss-2. it had remained unclear whether these two pathways would also explain the enteropathogenesis of ... | 2009 | 19528213 |
| chicken heterophils from commercially selected and non-selected genetic lines express cytokines differently after in vitro exposure to salmonella enteritidis. | resistance to pathogens such as salmonella enteritidis (se) is a heritable trait important in maintaining the health of chickens and reducing bacterial contamination of poultry products. in chickens, heterophils act as the first responders to bacterial infections and are, therefore, responsible for initiating the immune response against se challenge. this study measured mrna expression of several immune response genes [interleukin-6 (il-6), il-10, transforming growth factor-beta4 (tgf-beta4), gr ... | 2009 | 19505732 |
| antibacterial activity of recombinant human lactoferrin from rice: effect of heat treatment. | the antibacterial activity of recombinant human lactoferrin from rice (rhlf) compared with that of human milk lactoferrin (hlf) was evaluated against escherichia coli o157:h7, salmonella enteritidis and listeria monocytogenes. the hydrolysates of rhlf and hlf were found to be more active than native proteins against e. coli o157:h7, and their activity was independent of their iron saturation. the effect of different heat treatments on the antibacterial activity of apo-rhlf was studied and compar ... | 2009 | 19502737 |
| limited genetic diversity and gene expression differences between egg- and non-egg-related salmonella enteritidis strains. | salmonella enteritidis strains of egg- and non-egg-related origin were characterized molecularly to find markers correlated with the egg-contaminating property of salmonella enteritidis. isolates were examined by random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd), plasmid profiling and phage typing. furthermore, the presence of 30 virulence genes was tested by pcr. in genetic fingerprinting and gene content, only small differences between the strains were found and no correlation was observed with the orig ... | 2010 | 19486501 |
| surfactin reduces the adhesion of food-borne pathogenic bacteria to solid surfaces. | to investigate the effect of the biosurfactants surfactin and rhamnolipids on the adhesion of the food pathogens listeria monocytogenes, enterobacter sakazakii and salmonella enteritidis to stainless steel and polypropylene surfaces. | 2009 | 19486287 |
| comparative proteomic analysis on salmonella gallinarum and salmonella enteritidis exploring proteins that may incorporate host adaptation in poultry. | comparative proteomics analysis of the cytosolic proteins of salmonella gallinarum (sg) and salmonella enteritidis (se) isolated from poultry was performed. the constantly detected spots of serovar sg with concomitant absence in se serovar as well as those markedly over expressed in serovar se were selected for maldi-tof-ms identification. the ncbi-matched proteins that show overregulation were then further confirmed on the mrna level by quantitative real time pcr. identified proteins were repre ... | 2009 | 19477309 |
| development and application of a reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction to detect chinese isolates of duck hepatitis virus type 1. | we developed a reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) method for the detection of duck hepatitis virus type 1 (dhv-1) in the tissues of infected and clinically affected ducks and in chick and duck embryos. we found the assay to be effective in detecting the virus in china, where it is being used in studies on the epidemiology of the disease. we applied this simple and rapid diagnostic method to the detection of dhv isolates grown in chick and duck embryos and in tissues obtaine ... | 2009 | 19475729 |
| development and evaluation of an antigen-capture elisa for detection of the ul24 antigen of the duck enteritis virus, based on a polyclonal antibody against the ul24 expression protein. | an antigen-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ac-elisa) method was developed for the efficient detection of the ul24 antigen of the duck enteritis virus (dev) using polyclonal antibodies. ducks and rabbits were immunized, respectively, with expressed ul24 recombinant protein. the igg antibodies against ul24 from ducks and rabbits were purified and used as the capture antibodies. the specificity of the optimized ac-elisa was evaluated by use of dev, duck hepatitis virus (dhv), duck hepati ... | 2009 | 19467266 |
| large outbreak of salmonella phage type 1 infection with high infection rate and severe illness associated with fast food premises. | to describe the epidemiology of an outbreak of salmonella enteritidis phage type 1 (pt1) infection associated with a fast food premises, and to identify the causative factors leading to an acute outbreak with high attack rate and severe illness including hospital admission. | 2009 | 19464715 |
| protective effect of potentially probiotic lactobacillus strain on infection with pathogenic bacteria in chickens. | the probiotic potential of a lactobacillus salivarius 3d strain isolated from chicken faeces was assessed in one day old chickens. lactobacillus salivarius 3d was administered per os at a concentration of 10(8) cfu in 100 microl of pbs. the chickens were then challenged with pathogenic bacteria: salmonella enteritidis, campylobacter jejuni and clostridium perfringens. samples of caecal contents and livers were collected after 1, 2, 3, 7 and 14 days after infection. lactobacilli and pathogenic ba ... | 2009 | 19459435 |
| antimicrobial activity of enterococcus faecium ef 55 against salmonella enteritidis in chicks. | the protective effect of enterococcus faecium ef 55 against salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis phage type 4 (se pt4) was studied in 1-day-old chicks. the ef 55 strain (isolated and characterised by the authors earlier) was applied daily (1.10(9) cfu/0.2 ml pbs) for 7 days. oral inoculation of the se pt4 strain was performed on day 8 in a single dose of 5.10(8) cfu/0.2 ml pbs. the experiment lasted for 21 days. samples were collected on day 1 of the experiment to verify the absence of salmon ... | 2009 | 19457770 |
| host-specificity of salmonella enterica serovar gallinarum: insights from comparative genomics. | in this study, we have identified the possible genetic factors responsible for fowl-adaptation of salmonella entericaserovar gallinarum (s. gallinarum). by comparing the genes related to salmonella pathogenicity islands (spi) of s. gallinarum with those of salmonella entericaserovar enteritidis (s. enteritidis) we have identified twenty-four positively selected genes. our results suggest that the genes encoding the structural components of spi-2 encoded type three secretion apparatus (ttss) and ... | 2009 | 19454277 |
| molecular beacon-based real-time pcr detection of primary isolates of salmonella typhimurium and salmonella enteritidis in environmental and clinical samples. | a fast and simple two-step multiplex real-time pcr assay has been developed to replace the traditional, laborious salmonella serotyping procedure. molecular beacons were incorporated into the assay as probes for target dna. target sequences were regions of the inva, prot6e and flic genes specific for salmonella spp. salmonella enteritidis and salmonella typhimurium, respectively, the two most clinically relevant serotypes. an internal amplification positive control was included in the experiment ... | 2009 | 19454003 |
| rapid detection of salmonella in milk by combined immunomagnetic separation-polymerase chain reaction assay. | during the past few years, milk has presented a risk of salmonella contamination; it has been implicated as the cause in several outbreaks of salmonellosis. because conventional detection methods require 5 to 7 d for completion and involve several subcultivation stages followed by biochemical and serological tests, rapid and sensitive methods have been sought, mainly at the dna level. therefore, a study including milk samples was conducted to evaluate the performance of a combination of 2 techni ... | 2009 | 19447970 |
| non-typhoidal salmonella bacteraemia: epidemiology, clinical characteristics and its' association with severe immunosuppression. | non-typhoidal salmonella (nts) is increasingly recognized as an important pathogen associated with bacteraemia especially in immunosuppressed patients. however, there is limited data specifically describing the clinical characteristics and outcome amongst the immunosuppressed patients. | 2009 | 19445730 |
| interventions for control of salmonella: clearance of microbial growth from rubber picker fingers. | a study was conducted to determine if a surface material with antimicrobial properties combined with an effective disinfectant could achieve total clearance of bacterial contamination. before beginning the project, new rubber picker fingers collected from 3 processing facilities were tested for endogenous microflora. five species of bacteria common to soil and human handling were present: bacillus amyloliquefaciens, bacillus cereus/thuringiensis, staphylococcus epidermidis, staphylococcus homini ... | 2009 | 19439642 |
| prophylactic supplementation of caprylic acid in feed reduces salmonella enteritidis colonization in commercial broiler chicks. | salmonella enteritidis is a major foodborne pathogen for which chickens serve as reservoir hosts. reducing salmonella enteritidis carriage in chickens would reduce contamination of poultry meat and eggs with this pathogen. we investigated the prophylactic efficacy of feed supplemented with caprylic acid (ca), a natural, generally recognized as safe eight-carbon fatty acid, for reducing salmonella enteritidis colonization in chicks. one hundred commercial day-old chicks were randomly divided into ... | 2009 | 19435218 |
| do microbial interactions and cultivation media decrease the accuracy of salmonella surveillance systems and outbreak investigations? | cultivation methods are commonly used in salmonella surveillance systems and outbreak investigations, and consequently, conclusions about salmonella evolution and transmission are highly dependent on the performance characteristics of these methods. past studies have shown that salmonella serotypes can exhibit different growth characteristics in the same enrichment and selective media. this could lead not only to biased conclusions about the dominant strain present in a sample with mixed salmone ... | 2009 | 19435216 |
| anti-inflammatory cembranolides from the soft coral lobophytum durum. | chemical investigation of the soft coral lobophytum durum resulted in the isolation of seven new cembranolides, durumolides f-l (1-7), as well as one previously characterized cembranolides, sinularolide d (8). the molecular structures of these isolated metabolites were determined mainly through nmr techniques and hresims analysis. moreover, the absolute configurations of 1 and 5 were established by application of modified mosher's method. the antibacterial activities, anti-inflammatory effects, ... | 2009 | 19433363 |
| salmonella enterica outbreak in a banqueting hall in jerusalem: the unseen hand of the epidemiological triangle? | foodborne salmonella enterica outbreaks constitute both a threat to public health and an economic burden worldwide. | 2009 | 19432037 |
| [purulent coxitis in 8-year-old boy caused by salmonella enteritidis]. | salmonella enteritidis is a rare cause of suppurative arthritis of the hip joint in children. the diagnosis is clinical and paraclinical. treatment is surgical with decompression and antibiotics according to culture. a case of an 8-year-old boy is presented. | 2009 | 19419633 |
| salmonella-related mycotic pseudoaneurysm. | 2009 | 19414548 | |
| simultaneous salmonella spp. endocarditis and mycotic abdominal aortic aneurysm presentation: a surgical dilemma. | concomitant valvular and abdominal aortic pathologies, both requiring urgent surgical interventions, are an uncommon entity. the ideal surgical management of such a scenario varies, depending on a host of variables. due to its complexity and rarity, the ideal management approach remains an unknown. we describe a patient who presents with a delayed diagnosis of concomitant salmonella species mitral valve (mv) endocarditis and mycotic abdominal aortic aneurysm (aaa). though both clinical entities ... | 2009 | 19411262 |
| rfab, a galactosyltransferase, contributes to the resistance to detergent and the virulence of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis. | in this study, a deletion mutant of rfab (deltarfab) was observed to be susceptible to sodium dodecyl sulfate and less tolerant to bile salts. in addition, pre-incubation in 10% bile salts increased bacterial tolerance to 30% bile salts. we also showed that the deltarfab mutant invaded hela cells less than the wild type and resulted in a lower ratio of intracellular bacteria. competitive infection of mice showed that the deltarfab mutant was defective in the colonization of host organs and was c ... | 2009 | 19404677 |
| [molecular subtyping of salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis in a post epidemic period]. | in the last two decades, salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis has become one of the main agents causing food borne diseases worldwide. this agent is transmitted mainly by contaminated meat and poultry. | 2009 | 19399324 |
| antimicrobial efficiency of essential oil and freeze-thaw treatments against escherichia coli o157:h7 and salmonella enterica ser. enteritidis in strawberry juice. | this study investigated the antimicrobial efficiency of 3 essential oils (eos), lemongrass, cinnamon leaf, and basil, and freeze-thaw treatment, alone or in combination, against escherichia coli o157:h7 and salmonella enterica ser. enteritidis inoculated in strawberry juice stored at 7 degrees c. eo of lemongrass or cinnamon leaf at 0.1 to 2 microl/ml and freezing at -23 degrees c for 24 or 48 h followed by thawing at 7 degrees c for 4 h all showed significant antimicrobial activities (p < 0.05) ... | 2009 | 19397729 |
| inactivation of salmonella enteritidis in chicken breast fillets by single-cycle and multiple-cycle high pressure treatments. | the effect of single-cycle and multiple-cycle high hydrostatic pressure (hhp) treatments on the survival of three salmonella enteritidis strains in chicken breast fillets was investigated. the surface of fillets was inoculated with a cocktail of three salmonella strains at approximately 10(7) colony-forming units (cfu)/g, and held at 4 degrees c for 20 hours before hhp treatments. reduction of salmonella counts on tryptic soy agar (tsa) by single-cycle treatments at 300 mpa and 12 degrees c rang ... | 2009 | 19388832 |
| survival and growth of salmonella enteritidis in liquid egg products varying by temperature, product composition, and carbon dioxide concentration. | cryogenic cooling of shell eggs with carbon dioxide (co(2)) is known to improve egg content quality through rapid cooling as well as by increasing internal co(2) levels. a study was undertaken to determine the effects of variations in atmospheric co(2) concentrations (aerobically stored, flushed with co(2) and sealed, or bubbled with co(2)) on the survival and growth of salmonella enteritidis in liquid egg products including whole egg, albumen, yolk, and albumen + 1% yolk. egg products were inoc ... | 2009 | 19388831 |
| adhesion and growth inhibitory effect of chicken egg yolk antibody (igy) on salmonella enterica serovars enteritidis and typhimurium in vitro. | the protective effects of powder preparation of egg yolk immunoglobulin y (igy), specific to salmonella enteritidis and salmonella typhimurium outer membrane proteins (omp), against these two salmonella sp. serovars were investigated in vitro in two different assays: adhesion-prevention and growth-inhibition. the adhesion-prevention assay was conducted using polarized monolayers of the human intestinal epithelial caco-2 cell line. first, the conditions of salmonella adherence to caco-2 cells wer ... | 2009 | 19388827 |
| genetic basis of multidrug resistance in salmonella enterica serovars enteritidis and typhimurium isolated from diarrheic calves in egypt. | up to this date, nothing is known about the molecular basis of antimicrobial resistance in salmonella isolated from animals in africa. therefore, this study was carried out to screen the incidence of multidrug-resistant (mdr) strains of salmonella from neonatal calf diarrhea in egypt and also to characterize the molecular basis of this resistance. nine unique salmonella isolates were obtained from 220 fecal samples, and six of these showed multidrug resistance phenotypes and harbored at least tw ... | 2009 | 19375408 |
| intestinal barrier function in response to abundant or depleted mucosal glutathione in salmonella-infected rats. | glutathione, the main antioxidant of intestinal epithelial cells, is suggested to play an important role in gut barrier function and prevention of inflammation-related oxidative damage as induced by acute bacterial infection. most studies on intestinal glutathione focus on oxidative stress reduction without considering functional disease outcome. our aim was to determine whether depletion or maintenance of intestinal glutathione changes susceptibility of rats to salmonella infection and associat ... | 2009 | 19374741 |
| investigation of the role of the bam complex and sura chaperone in outer-membrane protein biogenesis and type iii secretion system expression in salmonella. | in escherichia coli, the assembly of outer-membrane proteins (omp) requires the bam complex and periplasmic chaperones, such as sura or degp. previous work has suggested a potential link between omp assembly and expression of the genes encoding type-iii secretion systems. in order to test this hypothesis, we studied the role of the different lipoproteins of the bam complex (i.e. bamb, bamc, bamd and bame), and the periplasmic chaperones sura and degp, in these two phenotypes in salmonella. analy ... | 2009 | 19372159 |
| a re-evaluation of the impact of temperature and climate change on foodborne illness. | the effects of temperature on reported cases of a number of foodborne illnesses in england and wales were investigated. we also explored whether the impact of temperature had changed over time. food poisoning, campylobacteriosis, salmonellosis, salmonella typhimurium infections and salmonella enteritidis infections were positively associated (p<0.01) with temperature in the current and previous week. only food poisoning, salmonellosis and s. typhimurium infections were associated with temperatur ... | 2009 | 19371450 |
| potent bactericidal action of a flavonoid fraction isolated from the stem bark of butea frondosa. | the flavonoid fraction isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction (bf-1) of butea frondosa (l.) stem bark exhibited distinct antimicrobial activity when tested against 129 bacterial strains belonging to 9 different genera of both gram-positive and gram-negative types. minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) of the fraction bf-1 was determined following nccls guidelines using the agar dilution method. twenty-four out of 36 strains of staphylococcus aureus were inhibited by 50-200 mg/l of the fractio ... | 2009 | 19368121 |
| salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis pathogenicity island 1 is not essential for but facilitates rapid systemic spread in chickens. | salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar enteritidis is a leading cause of human food-borne illness that is mainly associated with the consumption of contaminated poultry meat and eggs. to cause infection, s. enteritidis is known to use two type iii secretion systems, which are encoded on two salmonella pathogenicity islands, spi-1 and spi-2, the first of which is thought to play a major role in invasion and bacterial uptake. in order to study the role of spi-1 in the colonization of chicken, ... | 2009 | 19364835 |
| reduction of salmonella enterica var. enteritidis colonization and invasion by bacillus cereus var. toyoi inclusion in poultry feeds. | the effect of continuously feeding the probiotic microorganism toyocerin to birds inoculated with salmonella enteritidis field-isolated strains on salmonella enteritidis prevalence, and performance variables were studied in 2 experiments. the experiments were performed with 1) broiler chickens in floor pens until slaughter 42 d of age, challenge was performed on d 3, 7, or 14 with 2 x 10(6) cfu per chick, and 2) single comb white leghorn chickens in cages until 28 d of age, challenge was perform ... | 2009 | 19359685 |
| butyric acid-based feed additives help protect broiler chickens from salmonella enteritidis infection. | sodium butyrate is a sodium salt of a volatile short-chain fatty acid (butyric acid) used to prevent salmonella enteritidis infection in birds. three groups of fifty 1-d-old broilers each were fed the following diets: t0 = standard broiler diet (control); t1 = standard broiler diet supplemented with 0.92 g/kg of an additive with free sodium butyrate (gustor xxi b92); and t2 = standard broiler diet supplemented with 0.92 g/kg of an additive with sodium butyrate partially protected with vegetable ... | 2009 | 19359681 |
| coronary artery mycotic aneurysm presenting with pericardial effusion. | 2009 | 19357059 | |
| effects of gamma radiation on microbiological status, fatty acid composition, and color of vacuum-packaged cold-stored fresh pork meat. | pork meat samples were inoculated with high or low levels (10(6) or 10(3) cfu/g) of salmonella enteritidis, vacuum packaged, exposed to gamma radiation (1.0, 2.5, and 4.7 kgy), and stored for 1 month at 4 +/- 1 degrees c. in highly contaminated samples, the target strain was completely eliminated only by the 4.7 kgy radiation dose, whereas in samples at the lower contamination level, 2.5 kgy was sufficient to eliminate salmonella enteritidis. the highest of the applied radiation doses reduced th ... | 2009 | 19343944 |
| synthesis of and molecular dynamics simulations on a tetrasaccharide corresponding to the repeating unit of the capsular polysaccharide from salmonella enteritidis. | syntheses of two oligosaccharides as methyl glycosides related to the repeating unit of s. enteritidis capsular polysaccharide (cps) are presented. the trisaccharide corresponds to the backbone of the cps whereas the tetrasaccharide is a model for the repeating unit which has a branched structure. molecular dynamics simulations investigating their flexibility and dynamics revealed that the oligosaccharides populate several conformational states and indicate that conformational averaging should b ... | 2009 | 19343247 |
| toll-like receptor signaling in hen ovarian granulosa cells is dependent on stage of follicle maturation. | the recent identification of toll-like receptor (tlr) signaling within ovarian granulosa cells has broad implications for ovarian physiology. functions of tlrs within granulosa cells of the laying hen are of particular interest due to the method of transovarian transmission of salmonella enteritidis, which results in egg contamination. this study utilized hen granulosa cells to evaluate the expression and function of gallus tlr-signaling at distinct stages of follicular maturity. data presented ... | 2009 | 19336472 |
| septic arthritis of the hip caused by nontyphi salmonella after urinary tract infection. | 2009 | 19328399 | |
| antimicrobial activity of lactoperoxidase system incorporated into cross-linked alginate films. | in this study, the antimicrobial effect of lactoperoxidase (lps) incorporated alginate films was investigated on escherichia coli (nrrl b-3008), listeria innocua (nrrl b-33314), and pseudomonas fluorescens (nrrl b-253) in presence of different concentrations of h(2)o(2) (0.2, 0.4, and 0.8 mm) and kscn (1, 2, and 4 mm). the incorporation of 70 nmol abts/min/cm(2) lps into alginate films gave 0.66 to 0.85 nmol abts/min/cm(2) enzyme activity at 0.2 to 0.8 mm h(2)o(2) concentration range. the antimi ... | 2009 | 19323761 |
| functions exerted by the virulence-associated type-three secretion systems during salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis invasion into and survival within chicken oviduct epithelial cells and macrophages. | salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis (se) infection of chickens is a major contributing factor to non-typhoidal salmonellosis. the roles of the type-three secretion systems (t3ss-1 and t3ss-2) in the pathogenesis of se infection of chickens are poorly understood. in this study, the functions of t3ss-1 and t3ss-2 during se infection of primary chicken oviduct epithelial cells (coec) and macrophages were characterized. the t3ss-1 and t3ss-2 mutants (sipb and ssav), impaired in translocation and ... | 2009 | 19322708 |
| marked decrease in reporting incidence of salmonellosis driven by lower rates of salmonella enteritidis infections in germany in 2008: a continuing trend. | 2009 | 19317980 | |
| differential il-23 requirement for il-22 and il-17a production during innate immunity against salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis. | early activation of the il-12/ifn-gamma axis has been shown following salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis (s. enteritidis) infection. we were interested to study whether il-22 and il-17a production is initiated early in response to s. enteritidis. we demonstrate here that il-22 was strongly elevated in the peritoneal lavage fluid and in serum already 1 day post-intraperitoneal infection (d.p.i.) of mice; not only il-22 but also il-17a was produced ex vivo by activated peritoneal exudate cell ... | 2009 | 19297659 |
| bacteriological detection of salmonella enteritidis in eggs: a review. | the detection of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis (se) in eggs is hampered by a typically low prevalence of contaminated eggs, the low number of se organisms in such eggs, and the presence of inhibitory substances in the egg albumin. for these reasons, the analysis of large pools of eggs is normally necessary, which presents logistic and microbiological challenges associated with a low number of target organisms from a large volume of sample matrix. in some studies using artificially inoc ... | 2008 | 19284035 |