Publications

molecular cytogenetic characterization of novel wheat-thinopyrum bessarabicum recombinant lines carrying intercalary translocations.	thinopyrum bessarabicum (2n = 2x = 14, jj or e(b)e(b)) is a valuable source of genes for bread wheat (2n = 6x = 42) improvement because of its salinity tolerance and disease resistance. development of wheat-th. bessarabicum translocation lines by backcrossing the amphiploid in the absence of the ph1 gene (allowing intergenomic recombination) can assist its utilization in wheat improvement. in this study, six novel wheat-th. bessarabicum translocation lines involving different chromosome segments ...	2016	26238987
molecular cytogenetic identification of a new wheat-rye 6r chromosome disomic addition line with powdery mildew resistance.	rye (secale cereale l.) possesses many valuable genes that can be used for improving disease resistance, yield and environment adaptation of wheat (triticum aestivum l.). however, the documented resistance stocks derived from rye is faced severe challenge due to the variation of virulent isolates in the pathogen populations. therefore, it is necessary to develop desirable germplasm and search for novel resistance gene sources against constantly accumulated variation of the virulent isolates. in ...	2015	26237413
is the ojip test a reliable indicator of winter hardiness and freezing tolerance of common wheat and triticale under variable winter environments?	ojip analysis, which explores changes in photosystem ii (psii) photochemical performance, has been used as a measure of plant susceptibility to stress. however, in the case of freezing tolerance and winter hardiness, which are highly environmentally variable, the use of this method can give ambiguous results depending on the species as well as the sampling year and time. to clarify this issue, we performed chlorophyll fluorescence measurements over three subsequent winters (2010/11, 2011/12 and ...	2015	26230839
proteomic approach to identify nuclear proteins in wheat grain.	the nuclear proteome of the grain of the two cultivated wheat species triticum aestivum (hexaploid wheat; genomes a, b, and d) and t. monococcum (diploid wheat; genome a) was analyzed in two early stages of development using shotgun-based proteomics. a procedure was optimized to purify nuclei, and an improved protein sample preparation was developed to efficiently remove nonprotein substances (starch and nucleic acids). a total of 797 proteins corresponding to 528 unique proteins were identified ...	2015	26228564
molecular characterization of tafar1 involved in primary alcohol biosynthesis of cuticular wax in hexaploid wheat.	cuticular waxes are complex mixtures of very long chain (vlc) fatty acids and their derivatives in which primary alcohols are the most abundant components in the leaf surface of common wheat (triticum aestivum l.). however, the genes involved in primary alcohol biosynthesis in wheat are still largely unknown. here we identified, via a homology-based approach, the tafar1 gene belonging to the fatty acyl-coa reductases (fars) from wheat. heterologous expression of tafar1 in yeast (saccharomyces ce ...	2015	26220905
high-density mapping of the major fhb resistance gene fhb7 derived from thinopyrum ponticum and its pyramiding with fhb1 by marker-assisted selection.	wheat lines with shortened th. ponticum chromatin carrying fhb7 and molecular markers linked to fhb7 will accelerate the transfer of fhb7 to breeding lines and provide an important resource for future map-based cloning of this gene. fusarium head blight is a major wheat disease globally. a major fhb resistance gene, designated as fhb7, derived from thinopyrum ponticum, was earlier transferred to common wheat, but was not used in wheat breeding due to linkage drag. the aims of this study were to ...	2015	26220223
the wheat agc kinase taagc1 is a positive contributor to host resistance to the necrotrophic pathogen rhizoctonia cerealis.	considerable progress has been made in understanding the roles of agc kinases in mammalian systems. however, very little is known about the roles of agc kinases in wheat (triticum aestivum). the necrotrophic fungus rhizoctonia cerealis is the major pathogen of the destructive disease sharp eyespot of wheat. in this study, the wheat agc kinase gene taagc1, responding to r. cerealis infection, was isolated, and its properties and role in wheat defence were characterized. r. cerealis-resistant whea ...	2015	26220083
constitutive overexpression of the tanf-yb4 gene in transgenic wheat significantly improves grain yield.	heterotrimeric nuclear factors y (nf-ys) are involved in regulation of various vital functions in all eukaryotic organisms. although a number of nf-y subunits have been characterized in model plants, only a few have been functionally evaluated in crops. in this work, a number of genes encoding nf-yb and nf-yc subunits were isolated from drought-tolerant wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv. rac875), and the impact of the overexpression of tanf-yb4 in the australian wheat cultivar gladius was investiga ...	2015	26220082
are ineffective defence reactions potential target for induced resistance during the compatible wheat-powdery mildew interaction?	powdery mildew caused by blumeria graminis f.sp. tritici, an obligate aerial biotrophic fungus, would be one of the most damaging wheat (triticum aestivum) diseases without the extensive use of conventional fungicides. in our study, the expression levels of some basal defence-related genes were investigated during a compatible interaction in order to evaluate wheat reactions to infection, along with the different stages of the infectious process in planta. as fungal conidia initiated their germi ...	2015	26218548
the plant-growth-promoting bacterium klebsiella sp. sbp-8 confers induced systemic tolerance in wheat (triticum aestivum) under salt stress.	plant-growth-promoting bacteria (pgpb) with 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylatedeaminase (accd) activity can protect plants from the deleterious effects of abioticstressors. an accd bacterial strain, sbp-8, identified as klebsiella sp., also having other plant-growth-promoting activities, was isolated from sorghum bicolor growing in the desertregion of rajasthan, india. accd activity of sbp-8 was characterized at biochemical, physiological, and molecular levels. the presence of acds, a structural ...	2015	26217911
modification of mercury-induced biochemical alterations by triticum aestivum linn in rats.	the present investigation has been undertaken to evaluate role of wheat grass extract in modifying mercury-induced biochemical alterations in albino rats. mercuric chloride 5 mg/kg body weight i.p. was given on 11, 13 & 15th day of the experiment. wheat grass extract (400 mg/kg) and quercetin (10 mg/kg) were administered 10 days before mercuric chloride administration and continued up to 30 days after mercuric chloride administration. the animals were sacrificed on 1, 15 and 30 days, the activit ...	2015	26215012
[microsatellite analysis of homoeologous chromosome group 5 of introgressive wheat lines triticum aestivum/amblyopyrum muticum].	introgressive hybridization of common wheat is still one of the most effective way of wheat genome enrichment with resistance genes to stresses. in this context, t genome of amblyopyrum muticum is a promising one for such wheat improvement. genome substitution amphidiploid aurotica (aabbtt) with a and b subgenomes from common wheat cultivar aurora and with t subgenome from amblyopyrum muticum is characterized by high level of cold resistance. in wheat, this characteristic associated with chromos ...	2015	26214905
stripe rust resistance and dough quality of new wheat - dasypyrum villosum translocation lines t1dl•1v#3s and t1ds•1v#3l and the location of hmw-gs genes.	the transfer of agronomically useful genes from wild wheat species into cultivated wheat is one of the most effective approaches to improvement of wheat varieties. to evaluate the transfer of genes from dasypyrum villosum into triticum aestivum, wheat quality and disease resistance was evaluated in two new translocation lines, t1dl•1v#3s and t1ds•1v#3l. we examined the levels of stripe rust resistance and dough quality in the two lines, and identified and located the stripe rust resistant genes ...	2015	26214490
codon usage bias analysis for the spermidine synthase gene from camellia sinensis (l.) o. kuntze.	the spermidine synthase (spds) gene exists widely in all types of plants. in this paper, the codon usage of the spds gene from camellia sinensis (csspds) was analyzed. the results showed that the codon usage of the csspds gene is biased towards the t-ended or a-ended codons, which is similar to that observed in 73 genes selected from the c. sinensis genome. an enc-plot for 15 spds genes from various plant species suggested that mutational bias was the major factor in shaping codon usage in these ...	2015	26214415
comparison of the effects of different heat treatment processes on rheological properties of cake and bread wheat flours.	dry and hydrothermal heat treatments are efficient for modifying the technological-functional and shelf-life properties of wheat milling products. dry heat treatment process is commonly used to enhance the volume of cakes. hydrothermal heat treatment makes wheat flours suitable as thickener agents. in this study, cake and bread wheat flours that differed in baking properties were exposed to dry (100 °c, 12 min) and hydrothermal (95 °c, 5 min, 5-20 l/h water) heat treatments. rheological differen ...	2016	26213066
antioxidant and phytobiological studies on two allium cepa l. extracts.	to investigate the antioxidant potential of two allium cepa l. extracts.	2015	26204673
novel function of a putative moc1 ortholog associated with spikelet number per spike in common wheat.	axillary meristems play an important role in determining final plant architecture and floral structures. tomato ls, arabidopsis las and rice moc1 are orthologous genes regulating axillary meristem initiation and outgrowth. their functions are generally conserved but the functional specificities are divergent among species. obvious differences between rice panicles and wheat spikes suggest the divergent functions of moc1 and its wheat ortholog. we show that tamoc1 might be involved in wheat spike ...	2015	26197925
development of transgenic wheat (triticum aestivum l.) expressing avidin gene conferring resistance to stored product insects.	wheat is considered the most important cereal crop all over the world. the wheat weevil sitophilus granarius is a serious insect pests in much of the wheat growing area worldwide and is responsible for significant loss of yield. avidin proteins has been proposed to function as plant defense agents against insect pests.	2015	26194497
genome-wide identification and expression characterization of abcc-mrp transporters in hexaploid wheat.	the abcc multidrug resistance associated proteins (abcc-mrp), a subclass of abc transporters are involved in multiple physiological processes that include cellular homeostasis, metal detoxification, and transport of glutathione-conjugates. although they are well-studied in humans, yeast, and arabidopsis, limited efforts have been made to address their possible role in crop like wheat. in the present work, 18 wheat abcc-mrp proteins were identified that showed the uniform distribution with sub-fa ...	2015	26191068
allelic variation at the vernalization and photoperiod sensitivity loci in chinese winter wheat cultivars (triticum aestivum l.).	a total of 205 wheat cultivars from the yellow and huai valley of china were used to identify allelic variations of vernalization and photoperiod response genes, as well as the copy number variations (cnvs) of ppd-b1 and vrn-a1 genes. a novel vrn-d1 allele with 174-bp insertion in the promoter region of the recessive allele vrn-d1 was discovered in three chinese wheat cultivars and designated as vrn-d1c. quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction showed that cultivars with the vrn-d1c alle ...	2015	26191066
the effects of fermented wheat powder (lisosan g) on the blood lipids and oxidative status of healthy rabbits.	a number of studies have shown that whole grain products have strong antioxidant effects. lisosan g, a powder produced from the fermentation of triticum aestivum, has shown hepatoprotective effects. the aim of this paper was to evaluate the effects of lisosan g on the serum lipid profile and oxidative status of healthy rabbits. forty rabbits were fed either a normal diet or a diet containing 10 g, 20 g or 30 g lisosan g/kg of feed for 60 days. the supplementation of lisosan g did not cause any a ...	2015	26188178
genome-wide association study of phosphorus-deficiency-tolerance traits in aegilops tauschii.	using gwas, 13 significant snps distributed on six of the seven aegilops tauschii chromosomes (all but 5d) were identified, and several candidate p-deficiency-responsive genes were proposed from searches of public databases. aegilops tauschii, the wheat (triticum aestivum) d-genome progenitor, possesses numerous genes for stress resistance, including genes for tolerance of phosphorus (p) deficiency. investigation of the genetic architecture of a. tauschii will help in developing p-deficiency-tol ...	2015	26187748
characterization of a novel y-type hmw-gs with eight cysteine residues from triticum monococcum ssp. monococcum.	the composition and number of high-molecular-weight glutenin subunits (hmw-gss) play important roles in determining the grain-processing quality of common wheat. the glu-1ay allele is silent in common wheat. in this study, an active y-type hmw-gs allele termed 1ay8.2 (genbank no. kp137569) was identified from triticum monococcum l. ssp. monococcum (amam, 2n=2x=14), a species with a genome related to the a-genome of common wheat. compared with previously reported active 1ay subunits, this novel s ...	2015	26187064
marker development, saturation mapping, and high-resolution mapping of the septoria nodorum blotch susceptibility gene snn3-b1 in wheat.	septoria nodorum blotch (snb), caused by parastagonospora nodorum, is a severe foliar and glume disease on durum and common wheat. pathogen-produced necrotrophic effectors (nes) are the major determinants for snb on leaves. one such ne is sntox3, which evokes programmed cell death and leads to disease when recognized by the wheat snn3-b1 gene. here, we developed saturated genetic linkage maps of the snn3-b1 region using two f2 populations derived from the sntox3-sensitive line sumai 3 crossed wi ...	2016	26187026
vacuolar targeting of r-proteins in sugarcane leads to higher levels of purifiable commercially equivalent recombinant proteins in cane juice.	sugarcane is an ideal candidate for biofarming applications because of its large biomass, rapid growth rate, efficient carbon fixation pathway and a well-developed storage tissue system. vacuoles occupy a large proportion of the storage parenchyma cells in the sugarcane stem, and the stored products can be harvested as juice by crushing the cane. hence, for the production of any high-value protein, it could be targeted to the lytic vacuoles so as to extract and purify the protein of interest fro ...	2016	26183462
combining field performance with controlled environment plant imaging to identify the genetic control of growth and transpiration underlying yield response to water-deficit stress in wheat.	crop yield in low-rainfall environments is a complex trait under multigenic control that shows significant genotype×environment (g×e) interaction. one way to understand and track this trait is to link physiological studies to genetics by using imaging platforms to phenotype large segregating populations. a wheat population developed from parental lines contrasting in their mechanisms of yield maintenance under water deficit was studied in both an imaging platform and in the field. we combined ph ...	2015	26179580
generation of wheat transcription factor fox rice lines and systematic screening for salt and osmotic stress tolerance.	transcription factors (tfs) play important roles in plant growth, development, and responses to environmental stress. in this study, we collected 1,455 full-length (fl) cdnas of tfs, representing 45 families, from wheat and its relatives triticum urartu, aegilops speltoides, aegilops tauschii, triticum carthlicum, and triticum aestivum. more than 15,000 t0 tf fox (full-length cdna over-expressing) rice lines were generated; of these, 10,496 lines set seeds. about 14.88% of the t0 plants showed o ...	2015	26176782
exploring and mobilizing the gene bank biodiversity for wheat improvement.	identifying and mobilizing useful genetic variation from germplasm banks to breeding programs is an important strategy for sustaining crop genetic improvement. the molecular diversity of 1,423 spring bread wheat accessions representing major global production environments was investigated using high quality genotyping-by-sequencing (gbs) loci, and gene-based markers for various adaptive and quality traits. mean diversity index (di) estimates revealed synthetic hexaploids to be genetically more d ...	2015	26176697
genome wide association mapping for arabinoxylan content in a collection of tetraploid wheats.	arabinoxylans (axs) are major components of plant cell walls in bread wheat and are important in bread-making and starch extraction. furthermore, arabinoxylans are components of soluble dietary fibre that has potential health-promoting effects in human nutrition. despite their high value for human health, few studies have been carried out on the genetics of ax content in durum wheat.	2015	26176552
abscisic acid enhances tolerance of wheat seedlings to drought and regulates transcript levels of genes encoding ascorbate-glutathione biosynthesis.	glutathione (gsh) and ascorbate (asa) are associated with the abscisic acid (aba)-induced abiotic tolerance in higher plant, however, its molecular mechanism remains obscure. in this study, exogenous application (10 μm) of aba significantly increased the tolerance of seedlings of common wheat (triticum aestivum l.) suffering from 5 days of 15% polyethylene glycol (peg)-stimulated drought stress, as demonstrated by increased shoot lengths and shoot and root dry weights, while showing decreased co ...	2015	26175737
dough properties and bread-making quality-related characteristics of yumechikara near-isogenic wheat lines carrying different glu-b3 alleles.	we investigated the relationships of three allelic variations in glu-b3 (ab, g, and h) with dough properties and bread-making quality-related characteristics using near-isogenic lines (nils) of 'yumechikara' that commonly carry glu-a1a, glu-b1b, glu-d1d, glu-a3f, glu-b3ab and glu-d3a. measurement of peak time (pt) in a 2-g mixograph indicated that glu-b3g was the most effective for a strong dough property, followed by glu-b3ab, with glu-b3h being the least effective. the results of measurement o ...	2015	26175621
forensic dna analysis of wheat flour as commonly used in white powder cases.	in the wake of terrorist attacks using anthrax and ricin, white powder is often encountered in cases of malicious mischief and terrorist threats. wheat flour is a common white powder encountered in such criminal investigations. we used dna analysis to investigate wheat flour samples for identification and discrimination as trace evidence. species identification of commercially available wheat flour was carried out by sequencing a partial region of the ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase large subu ...	2015	26174661
genes upregulated in winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.) during mild freezing and subsequent thawing suggest sequential activation of multiple response mechanisms.	exposing fully cold-acclimated wheat plants to a mild freeze-thaw cycle of -3 °c for 24h followed by +3 °c for 24 or 48 h results in dramatically improved tolerance of subsequent exposure to sub-freezing temperatures. gene enrichment analysis of crown tissue from plants collected before or after the -3 °c freeze or after thawing at +3 °c for 24 or 48 h revealed that many biological processes and molecular functions were activated during the freeze-thaw cycle in an increasing cascade of responses ...	2015	26173115
dryland soil chemical properties and crop yields affected by long-term tillage and cropping sequence.	information on the effect of long-term management on soil nutrients and chemical properties is scanty. we examined the 30-year effect of tillage frequency and cropping sequence combination on dryland soil olsen-p, k, ca, mg, na, so4-s, and zn concentrations, ph, electrical conductivity (ec), and cation exchange capacity (cec) at the 0-120 cm depth and annualized crop yield in the northern great plains, usa. treatments were no-till continuous spring wheat (triticum aestivum l.) (ntcw), spring til ...	2015	26171303
quantifying the effects of wheat residue on severity of stagonospora nodorum blotch and yield in winter wheat.	stagonospora nodorum blotch (snb), caused by the fungus parastagonospora nodorum, is a major disease of wheat (triticum aestivum). residue from a previously infected wheat crop can be an important source of initial inoculum, but the effects of infected residue on disease severity and yield have not previously been quantified. experiments were conducted in raleigh and salisbury, north carolina, in 2012, 2013, and 2014 using the moderately susceptible winter wheat cultivar dg shirley. in 2014, the ...	2015	26167761
mass spectrometry-based analysis of whole-grain phytochemicals.	whole grains are a rich source of several classes of phytochemicals, such as alkylresorcinols, benzoxazinoids, flavonoids, lignans, and phytosterols. a high intake of whole grains has been linked to a reduced risk of some major noncommunicable diseases, and it has been postulated that a complex mixture of phytochemicals works in synergy to generate beneficial health effects. mass spectrometry, especially when coupled with liquid chromatography, is a widely used method for the analysis of phytoch ...	0	26167744
mannitol alleviates chromium toxicity in wheat plants in relation to growth, yield, stimulation of anti-oxidative enzymes, oxidative stress and cr uptake in sand and soil media.	chromium (cr) is one of the most phytotoxic metals in the agricultural soils and its concentration is continuously increasing mainly through anthropogenic activities. little is known on the role of mannitol (m) on plant growth and physiology under metal stress. the aim of this study was to investigate the mechanism of growth amelioration and antioxidant enzyme activities in cr-stressed wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv. lasani 2008) by exogenously applied mannitol. for this, wheat seedlings were so ...	2015	26164268
mapping of a new stem rust resistance gene sr49 in chromosome 5b of wheat.	a new stem rust resistance gene sr49 was mapped to chromosome 5bl of wheat. usefulness of the closely linked markers sun209 and sun479 for marker-assisted selection of sr49 was demonstrated. landrace aus28011 (mahmoudi), collected from ghardimaou, tunisia, produced low stem rust response against australian pathotypes of puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici (pgt) carrying virulence for several stem rust resistance genes deployed in modern wheat cultivars. genetic analysis based on a mahmoudi/yitpi f3 ...	2015	26163768
root uptake and translocation of nickel in wheat as affected by histidine.	the role of histidine (his) on root uptake, xylem loading and root to shoot transport of nickel (ni) was investigated in a winter (triticum aestivum cv. back cross) and a durum wheat (triticum durum cv. durum) cultivar. seedlings were grown in a modified johnson nutrient solution and exposed to 10 μm of ni and 100 μm of histidine (his) as no his, ni (10) + his (100) and ni(his) in a 1:1 mole ratio (1:1) complex. in our study, the presence of vanadate (a metabolic inhibitor) resulted in a signifi ...	2015	26162706
comprehensive molecular characterization of the α/β-gliadin multigene family in hexaploid wheat.	to characterize the structure and expression of a large multigene family of α/β-gliadin genes, 90 individual α/β-gliadin genes harboring a promoter region were identified in the wheat cultivar chinese spring. these genes were classified into eleven groups by phylogenetic analysis, and the chromosomes they were derived from were determined. of these genes, 50 had the basic α/β-gliadin domains and six conserved cysteine residues and 16, 16 and 18 of them were, respectively, located on chromosome 6 ...	2016	26159870
effects of damping-off caused by rhizoctonia solani anastomosis group 2-1 on roots of wheat and oil seed rape quantified using x-ray computed tomography and real-time pcr.	rhizoctonia solani is a plant pathogenic fungus that causes significant establishment and yield losses to several important food crops globally. this is the first application of high resolution x-ray micro computed tomography (x-ray μct) and real-time pcr to study host-pathogen interactions in situ and elucidate the mechanism of rhizoctonia damping-off disease over a 6-day period caused by r. solani, anastomosis group (ag) 2-1 in wheat (triticum aestivum cv. gallant) and oil seed rape (osr, bras ...	2015	26157449
variation of floret fertility in hexaploid wheat revealed by tiller removal.	grain number per spike, which is greatly influenced by floret fertility, is an important trait of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) yield. maximum floret primordia, fertile floret, and final grain number per spikelet are three crucial factors of floret fertility. floral degradation plays a critical role in determining these three floret fertility-related traits. twelve hexaploid spring wheat genotypes were selected to investigate the influence of detillering on floral degradation and floret fertility ...	2015	26157170
the medical use of wheatgrass: review of the gap between basic and clinical applications.	a wide range of health benefits have been attributed to wheatgrass, the young grass of the common wheat plant triticum aestivum. its components include chlorophyll, flavonoids, and vitamins c and e. forms of wheatgrass include fresh juice, frozen juice, tablets, and powders, with compositions varying according to their production processes, as well as to the growing conditions of the wheatgrass. laboratory in vitro studies, mostly using the fermented wheat germ extract, have demonstrated anti-ca ...	2015	26156538
efficacy of silicon priming and fertigation to modulate seedling's vigor and ion homeostasis of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) under saline environment.	seed preconditioning, a short gun approach to modulate the effects of abiotic stresses on crop plants, has recently gained considerable attention of the researchers to induce salinity tolerance in agronomically important crops. the present study was conducted to explore the comparative efficacy of presowing seed priming with silicon (si) and si fertigation to modulate the wheat growth and ion dynamics. seeds of wheat variety, punjab-11, were sown in petri plates having nutrient solutions with (1 ...	2015	26154041
molecular characterization of novel lmw-i glutenin subunit genes from triticum urartu thum. ex gandil.	a high level of genetic diversity was found in lmw-i genes from triticum urartu, resulting in detection of 11 novel alleles. the variability detected could affect gluten quality. low-molecular weight glutenin subunits are important in determining the viscoelastic properties of wheat dough. triticum urartu thum. ex gandil., which is related to the a genome of polyploid wheat, has been shown as a good source of variation for these subunits. the present study evaluated the variability of lmw-i gene ...	2015	26152575
effect of ovary induction on bread wheat anther culture: ovary genotype and developmental stage, and candidate gene association.	ovary pre-conditioned medium and ovary co-culture increased the efficiency of green doubled haploid plant production in bread wheat anther culture. the positive effect of this medium led to a 6- and 11-fold increase in the numbers of embryos and green plants, respectively, having a greater effect on a medium-low responding cultivar. ovary genotype and developmental stage significantly affected microspore embryogenesis. by the use of caramba ovaries it was possible to reach a 2-fold increase in t ...	2015	26150821
comparative metabolic responses and adaptive strategies of wheat (triticum aestivum) to salt and alkali stress.	it is well known that salinization (high-ph) has been considered as a major environmental threat to agricultural systems. the aim of this study was to investigate the differences between salt stress and alkali stress in metabolic profiles and nutrient accumulation of wheat; these parameters were also evaluated to determine the physiological adaptive mechanisms by which wheat tolerates alkali stress.	2015	26149720
arbuscular mycorrhiza improve growth, nitrogen uptake, and nitrogen use efficiency in wheat grown under elevated co2.	effects of the arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) fungus rhizophagus irregularis on plant growth, carbon (c) and nitrogen (n) accumulation, and partitioning was investigated in triticum aestivum l. plants grown under elevated co2 in a pot experiment. wheat plants inoculated or not inoculated with the am fungus were grown in two glasshouse cells with different co2 concentrations (400 and 700 ppm) for 10 weeks. a (15)n isotope labeling technique was used to trace plant n uptake. results showed that eleva ...	2016	26148451
multiple rounds of ancient and recent hybridizations have occurred within the aegilops-triticum complex.		2015	26147650
microautophagy involves programmed cell semi-death of sieve elements in developing caryopsis of triticum aestivum l.	differentiation of sieve elements (ses) involves programmed cell semi-death, in which a small amount of organelles is retained. however, the mechanisms by which a large amount of se cytoplasm is degraded and the specific proteases involved are not clear. in this study, we confirmed that the degradation of cytoplasm outside of the vacuole was mediated by microautophagy of the vacuole, and that the tonoplast selectively fused with the plasma membrane after most of the cytoplasm in the vacuoles was ...	2015	26146941
biotreatment of chlorpyrifos in a bench scale bioreactor using psychrobacter alimentarius t14.	bacteria tolerant to high pesticide concentration could be used for designing an efficient treatment technology. bacterial strains t14 was isolated from pesticide-contaminated soil in mineral salt medium (msm) and identified as psychrobacter alimentarius t14 using 16s rrna gene sequence analysis. bench scale bioreactor was evaluated for biotreatment of high chlorpyrifos (cp) concentration using p. alimentarius t14. effect of various parameters on bioreactor performance was examined and optimum r ...	2016	26144866
elevation of arginine decarboxylase-dependent putrescine production enhances aluminum tolerance by decreasing aluminum retention in root cell walls of wheat.	aluminum (al) stress induces putrescine (put) accumulation in several plants and this response is proposed to alleviate al toxicity. however, the mechanisms underlying this alleviation remain largely unknown. here, we show that exposure to al clearly increases put accumulation in the roots of wheat plants (triticum aestivum l. 'xi aimai-1') and that this was accompanied by significant increase in the activity of arginine decarboxylase (adc), a put producing enzyme. application of an adc inhibito ...	2015	26142157
mirna-based drought regulation in wheat.	micrornas (mirnas) are a class of small non-coding regulatory rnas that regulate gene expression by guiding target mrna cleavage or translational inhibition. drought is a common environmental stress influencing crop growth and development. to date, it has been reported that a number of plant mirna are involved in drought stress response. in this study, we comparatively investigated drought stress-responsive mirnas in the root and leaf of bread wheat (triticum aestivum cv. sivas 111/33) by mirna ...	2016	26141043
comparative studies of mitochondrial proteomics reveal an intimate protein network of male sterility in wheat (triticum aestivum l.).	plant male sterility has often been associated with mitochondrial dysfunction; however, the mechanism in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) has not been elucidated. this study set out to probe the mechanism of physiological male sterility (phyms) induced by the chemical hybridizing agent (cha)-sq-1, and cytoplasmic male sterility (cms) of wheat at the proteomic level. a total of 71 differentially expressed mitochondrial proteins were found to be involved in pollen abortion and further identified by ma ...	2015	26136264
identification of a member of the catalase multigene family on wheat chromosome 7a associated with flour b* colour and biological significance of allelic variation.	carotenoids (especially lutein) are known to be the pigment source for flour b* colour in bread wheat. flour b* colour variation is controlled by a quantitative trait locus (qtl) on wheat chromosome 7al and one gene from the carotenoid pathway, phytoene synthase, was functionally associated with the qtl on 7al in some, but not all, wheat genotypes. a snp marker within a sequence similar to catalase (cat3-a1snp) derived from full-length (fl) cdna (ak332460), however, was consistently associated w ...	2015	26134858
agriproteomics of bread wheat: comparative proteomics and network analyses of grain size variation.	agriproteomics signifies the merging of agriculture research and proteomics systems science and is impacting plant research and societal development. wheat is a frequently consumed foodstuff, has highly variable grain size that in effect contributes to wheat grain yield and the end-product quality. very limited information is available on molecular basis of grain size due to complex multifactorial nature of this trait. here, using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, we investigated the prot ...	2015	26134253
mapping quantitative trait loci for peroxidase activity and developing gene-specific markers for tapod-a1 on wheat chromosome 3al.	three novel qtl for peroxidase activity were mapped, and gene-specific markers for tapod-a1 were developed and validated using rils derived from the doumai/shi 4185 cross and 281 wheat cultivars. tapod-a1 is within one of the three qtl. peroxidase (pod) activity in grain is an important factor determining the color of flour and end-use products of wheat, such as noodles and steamed bread. mapping qtl for pod activity, characterization of pod genes and development of gene-specific markers are imp ...	2015	26133734
effect of stay-green wheat, a novel variety of wheat in china, on glucose and lipid metabolism in high-fat diet induced type 2 diabetic rats.	the use of natural hypoglycemic compounds is important in preventing and managing type 2 diabetes mellitus (t2dm). forty male sprague-dawley rats weighing 150-180 g were divided into four groups to investigate the effects of the compounds in stay-green wheat (sgw), a novel variety of wheat in china, on t2dm rats. the control group (ndc) was fed with a standard diet, while t2dm was induced in the rats belonging to the other three groups by a high-fat diet followed by a streptozotocin (stz) inject ...	2015	26132991
genome-, transcriptome- and proteome-wide analyses of the gliadin gene families in triticum urartu.	gliadins are the major components of storage proteins in wheat grains, and they play an essential role in the dough extensibility and nutritional quality of flour. because of the large number of the gliadin family members, the high level of sequence identity, and the lack of abundant genomic data for triticum species, identifying the full complement of gliadin family genes in hexaploid wheat remains challenging. triticum urartu is a wild diploid wheat species and considered the a-genome donor of ...	2015	26132381
regulation of invertase activity in different root zones of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) seedlings in the course of osmotic adjustment under water deficit conditions.	osmotic adjustment of roots is an essential adaptive mechanism to sustain water uptake and root growth under water deficit. in this paper, the role of invertases (β-fructofuranosidase, ec 3.2.1.26) in osmotic adjustment was investigated in the root tips (cell division and elongation zone) and the root maturation zone of wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv. josef) in the course of osmotic stress imposed by 20% polyethylene glycol (peg) 6000. the two root zones investigated differed distinctly in the r ...	2015	26125123
using 7 cm immobilized ph gradient strips to determine levels of clinically relevant proteins in wheat grain extracts.	the aim of the work was to test a relatively simple proteomics approach based on phenol extraction and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-de) with 7 cm immobilized ph gradient strips for the determination of clinically relevant proteins in wheat grain. using this approach, 157 2-de spots were quantified in biological triplicate, out of which 55 were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization - time of flight tandem mass spectrometry. clinically relevant proteins associated wit ...	2015	26124766
the k-segments of wheat dehydrin wzy2 are essential for its protective functions under temperature stress.	dehydrins (dhns), group 2 of late embryogenesis abundant (lea) proteins, are up-regulated in most plants during cold, drought, heat, or salinity stress. all dhns contain at least one k-segment, which is believed to play a significant role in dhn function by forming an amphipathic helix. in previous studies, wzy2, an ysk2-type dhn gene, was isolated from the zhengyin 1 cultivar of triticum aestivum under cold and drought stress treatment conditions. four wzy2 truncated derivatives were constructe ...	2015	26124763
assessment of genetic heterogeneity in structured plant populations using multivariate whole-genome regression models.	plant breeding populations exhibit varying levels of structure and admixture; these features are likely to induce heterogeneity of marker effects across subpopulations. traditionally, structure has been dealt with as a potential confounder, and various methods exist to "correct" for population stratification. however, these methods induce a mean correction that does not account for heterogeneity of marker effects. the animal breeding literature offers a few recent studies that consider modeling ...	2015	26122758
ameliorating effects of biochar derived from poultry manure and white clover residues on soil nutrient status and plant growth promotion--greenhouse experiments.	biochar application to agricultural soils is rapidly emerging as a new management strategy for its potential role in carbon sequestration, soil quality improvements, and plant growth promotion. the aim of our study was to investigate the effects of biochars derived from white clover residues and poultry manure on soil quality characteristics, growth and n accumulation in maize (zea mays l.) and wheat (triticum aestivum l.) grown in a loam soil under greenhouse conditions. treatments comprised of ...	2015	26121057
emergence and spread of new races of wheat stem rust fungus: continued threat to food security and prospects of genetic control.	race ug99 (ttksk) of puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici, detected in uganda in 1998, has been recognized as a serious threat to food security because it possesses combined virulence to a large number of resistance genes found in current widely grown wheat (triticum aestivum) varieties and germplasm, leading to its potential for rapid spread and evolution. since its initial detection, variants of the ug99 lineage of stem rust have been discovered in eastern and southern african countries, yemen, ir ...	2015	26120730
structural and functional analysis of chitinase gene family in wheat (triticum aestivum).	chitinases are the hydrolytic enzymes which protect plants against pathogen attack. however, the precise role of chitinases in disease resistance has not been explored in wheat. in the present study, in silico approach, including secondary structure analysis, detailed signature pattern study, cis-acting regulatory elements survey, evolutionary trends and three-dimensional molecular modeling was used for different chitinase classes of wheat (triticum aestivum). homology modeling of class i, ii, i ...	2015	26118129
ameliorating soil chemical properties of a hard setting subsoil layer in coastal plain usa with different designer biochars.	biochar application is an emerging management option to increase soil fertility. biochars could improve chemical properties of soils with hard setting subsoil layer. however, biochar effect can be inconsistent because different biochars react differently in soils. we hypothesized that addition of designer biochars will have variable effects on improving the chemical properties of hard setting layers. the objective of this study was to investigate the effects of biochars on soil properties in nor ...	2016	26116317
arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal diversity, root colonization, and soil alkaline phosphatase activity in response to maize-wheat rotation and no-tillage in north china.	monitoring the effects of no-tillage (nt) in comparison with conventional tillage (ct) on soil microbes could improve our understanding of soil biochemical processes and thus help us to develop sound management strategies. the objective of this study was to compare the species composition and ecological function of soil arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) fungi during the growth and rotation of crops under nt and ct. from late june 2009 to early june 2010, 32 topsoil (0-15 cm) samples from four individu ...	2015	26115994
efficacies of designer biochars in improving biomass and nutrient uptake of winter wheat grown in a hard setting subsoil layer.	in the coastal plains region of the united states, the hard setting subsoil layer of norfolk soils results in low water holding capacity and nutrient retention, which often limits root development. in this region, the norfolk soils are under intensive crop production that further depletes nutrients and reduces organic carbon (c). incorporation of pyrolyzed organic residues or "biochars" can provide an alternative recalcitrant c source. however, biochar quality and effect can be inconsistent and ...	2016	26112657
high night temperatures during grain number determination reduce wheat and barley grain yield: a field study.	warm nights are a widespread predicted feature of climate change. this study investigated the impact of high night temperatures during the critical period for grain yield determination in wheat and barley crops under field conditions, assessing the effects on development, growth and partitioning crop-level processes driving grain number per unit area (gn). experiments combined: (i) two contrasting radiation and temperature environments: late sowing in 2011 and early sowing in 2013, (ii) two well ...	2015	26111197
molecular characterization and sequence diversity of genes encoding the large subunit of the adp-glucose pyrophosphorylase in wheat (triticum aestivum l.).	the large subunit of adp glucose pyrophosphorylase (agpase), the rate limiting enzyme in starch biosynthesis in triticum aestivum l., is encoded by the adp glucose pyrophosphorylase large subunit (agp-l) gene. this was the first report on the development of three genome-specific primer sets for isolating the complete genomic sequence of all three homoeologous agp-l genes on group 1 chromosomes. all three agp-l genes consisted of 15 introns and 15 exons. the lengths of the structural genes from s ...	2016	26109252
genomics as the key to unlocking the polyploid potential of wheat.	polyploidy has played a central role in plant genome evolution and in the formation of new species such as tetraploid pasta wheat and hexaploid bread wheat. until recently, the high sequence conservation between homoeologous genes, together with the large genome size of polyploid wheat, had hindered genomic analyses in this important crop species. in the past 5 yr, however, the advent of next-generation sequencing has radically changed the wheat genomics landscape. here, we review a series of ad ...	2015	26108556
effect of lead stress on phosphatase activity and reducing power assay of triticum aestivum.	lead (pb) is a highly toxic heavy metal for both plants and animals; the environment is increasingly polluted with heavy metals and reduces crop productivity. plants possess homeostatic mechanisms that allow them to keep correct concentrations of essential metal ions in cellular compartments and to minimize the damaging effects of an excess of nonessential ones. one of their adverse effects on plants are the generation of harmful active oxygen species, leading to oxidative stress and the antioxi ...	2015	26107501
a wheat salinity-induced wrky transcription factor tawrky93 confers multiple abiotic stress tolerance in arabidopsis thaliana.	wheat is an important crop in the world. but most of the cultivars are salt sensitive, and often adversely affected by salt stress. wrky transcription factors play a major role in plant responses to salt stress, but the effective salinity regulatory wrkys identified in bread wheat are limited and the mechanism of salt stress tolerance is also not well explored. here, we identified a salt (nacl) induced class ii wrky transcription factor tawrky93. its transcript level was strongly induced by salt ...	2015	26106823
comparison of redox and gene expression changes during vegetative/generative transition in the crowns and leaves of chromosome 5a substitution lines of wheat under low-temperature condition.	the aim of our experiments was to investigate the effect of chromosome 5a on the thiol-dependent redox environment and on the transcription of cold- and vernalization-related genes during the vegetative/generative transition in crowns and leaves of wheat. chinese spring, a moderately freezing-tolerant variety, and its more and less tolerant substitution lines - [cs(ch5a)] and [cs(tsp5a)], respectively - with different combinations of vernalization alleles were compared. at low temperature, the a ...	2016	26100264
introgression of agropyron cristatum 6p chromosome segment into common wheat for enhanced thousand-grain weight and spike length.	this study explored the genetic constitutions of wheat-agropyron cristatum 6p chromosomal translocation and determined the effects of 6p intercalary chromosome segment on thousand-grain weight and spike length in wheat. crop wild relatives provide rich genetic resources for wheat improvement. introduction of alien genes from agropyron cristatum into common wheat can broaden its genetic diversity. in this study, radiation-induced wheat-a. cristatum translocation line pubing3035 derived from the o ...	2015	26093609
virus induced gene silencing (vigs) for functional analysis of wheat genes involved in zymoseptoria tritici susceptibility and resistance.	virus-induced gene silencing (vigs) has emerged as a powerful reverse genetic technology in plants supplementary to stable transgenic rnai and, in certain species, as a viable alternative approach for gene functional analysis. the rna virus barley stripe mosaic virus (bsmv) was developed as a vigs vector in the early 2000s and since then it has been used to study the function of wheat genes. several variants of bsmv vectors are available, with some requiring in vitro transcription of infectious ...	2015	26092793
previous bottlenecks and future solutions to dissecting the zymoseptoria tritici-wheat host-pathogen interaction.	zymoseptoria tritici (previously mycosphaerella graminicola, teleomorph, septoria tritici, anamorph) causes septoria tritici blotch, one of the most economically important diseases of wheat (triticum aestivum). the host pathogenic interaction, as currently understood, is intriguing, and may distinguish z. tritici from many of the current models for plant pathogenic fungi. many important questions remain which require a deeper understanding including; the nature and biological significance of the ...	2015	26092786
the involvement of expansins in response to water stress during leaf development in wheat.	expansins are cell wall proteins that are generally considered to be the key regulator of cell wall extension during plant growth. in this study, we used two different wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cultivars to demonstrate that expansins are involved in wheat leaf growth and response to water stress, by regulating the expansin activity and cell wall susceptibility to expansins. expansin activity was associated with the relative elongation rate of leaves during leaf development, suggesting their i ...	2015	26092364
temporal transcriptome profiling reveals expression partitioning of homeologous genes contributing to heat and drought acclimation in wheat (triticum aestivum l.).	hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum) is a globally important crop. heat, drought and their combination dramatically reduce wheat yield and quality, but the molecular mechanisms underlying wheat tolerance to extreme environments, especially stress combination, are largely unknown. as an allohexaploid, wheat consists of three closely related subgenomes (a, b, and d), and was reported to show improved tolerance to stress conditions compared to tetraploid. but so far very little is known about how wh ...	2015	26092253
anthocyanins in purple and blue wheat grains and in resulting bread: quantity, composition, and thermal stability.	the anthocyanin composition of blue (triticum aestivum l., cv. skorpion) and purple wheat (triticum aethiopicum jakubz cv. abyssinskaja arrasajta cv. abyssinskaja arrasajta), cultivated in the czech republic, and of the prepared whole blue and purple wheat bread was determined. in blue and purple wheat, 19 and 26 anthocyanins, respectively, were tentatively identified by liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. the total content of anthocyanins determined in blue and purple wheat was 9.26 an ...	0	26088282
molecular organization and comparative analysis of chromosome 5b of the wild wheat ancestor triticum dicoccoides.	wild emmer wheat, triticum turgidum ssp. dicoccoides is the wild relative of triticum turgidum, the progenitor of durum and bread wheat, and maintains a rich allelic diversity among its wild populations. the lack of adequate genetic and genomic resources, however, restricts its exploitation in wheat improvement. here, we report next-generation sequencing of the flow-sorted chromosome 5b of t. dicoccoides to shed light into its genome structure, function and organization by exploring the repetiti ...	2015	26084265
hepato- and nephrotoxicity in male albino rats exposed to malathion and spinosad in stored wheat grains.	adult male albino rats were fed on stored wheat grains (triticum aestivum l.) treated with malathion and spinosad at both 8 and 16 ppm for 90 consecutive days to evaluate their hepatic and renal toxicity. the activity of serum acetylcholinesterase (ache) was decreased in rats treated with the higher concentration of both tested pesticides. biochemical parameters of liver functions [i.e., aspartate aminotransferase (ast), alanine aminotransferase (alt), alkaline phosphatase (alp), acid phosphatas ...	2015	26081270
comparison of gene expression profiles and responses to zinc chloride among inter- and intraspecific hybrids with growth abnormalities in wheat and its relatives.	hybrid necrosis is a well-known reproductive isolation mechanism in plant species, and an autoimmune response is generally considered to trigger hybrid necrosis through epistatic interaction between disease resistance-related genes in hybrids. in common wheat, the complementary ne1 and ne2 genes control hybrid necrosis, defined as type i necrosis. two other types of hybrid necrosis (type ii and type iii) have been observed in interspecific hybrids between tetraploid wheat and aegilops tauschii. ...	2015	26081164
the effect of seed treatment on the main pathogens present in wheat agroecosystems.	wheat crop (triticum aestivum l.) from poaceae family is affected by many diseases that cause yield losses. the present paper addresses a topic of economic, agrotechnics and social importance of wheat crop (occupying the first place among the romanian cultivated crop, feeding 35 to 40% of world population). the study had as main objective product testing like yunta 246 fs (imidacloprid 233 g/l + tebuconazol 13 g/l), team micorriza plus (glomus intraradices 150 spore/g + glomus mosseae 150 spore/ ...	2014	26080483
both mat1-1 and mat1-2 mating types of mycosphaerella graminicola occur at equal frequencies in algeria.	septoria tritici blotch caused by mycosphaerella graminicola is currently the most devastating disease on wheat crops worldwide. mycosphaerella graminicola sexual reproduction involves two mating type idiomorphs that were previously studied in several areas around the world, but not in algeria so far. the objective of this study was thus to determine the frequencies and distribution of m. graminicola mating types in this country. one hundred and twenty monoconidial isolates of this fungus (60 fr ...	2014	26080482
mechanisms involved in mycorrhizal wheat protection against powdery mildew.	in france, the ecophyto 2018 national action plan will set out to reduce the use of pesticides by 50% by 2018, if possible. to achieve this goal, the use of arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) fungi could be a potential alternative method allowing the control of crop diseases. the inoculation by am fungi has been demonstrated to protect plants against soil-borne pathogens, but little is known about their effectiveness against aerial pathogens, such as the biotrophic fungus blumeria graminis f.sp. tritic ...	2014	26080475
efficacy and modes of action of resistance inducers on two wheat species against mycosphaerella graminicola.	plant resistance inducers could be an alternative to conventional fungicides to control in a more durable and environmentally friendly manner fungal pathogens. here, we tested the protection efficacy and the modes of action of four resistance inducers (r1, r2, r3 and r4) against the causal agent of septoria tritici blotch, mycosphaerella graminicola, the most frequently occurring pathogen on wheat crops worldwide. the four inducers were tested on two wheat cultivars, premio (a french bread wheat ...	2014	26080474
identification of novel snp in promoter sequence of tagw2-6a associated with grain weight and other agronomic traits in wheat (triticum aestivum l.).	tagw2 is an orthologue of rice gene osgw2, which encodes e3 ring ubiquitin ligase and controls the grain size in rice. in wheat, three copies of tagw2 have been identified and mapped on wheat homoeologous group 6 viz. tagw2-6a, tagw2-6b and tagw2-6d. in the present study, using as many as 207 indian wheat genotypes, we identified four snps including two novel snps (snp-988 and snp-494) in the promoter sequence of tagw2-6a. all the four snps were g/a or a/g substitutions (transitions). out of the ...	2015	26076351
genome-wide association mapping for resistance to leaf and stripe rust in winter-habit hexaploid wheat landraces.	leaf rust, caused by puccinia triticina (pt), and stripe rust, caused by p. striiformis f. sp. tritici (pst), are destructive foliar diseases of wheat worldwide. breeding for disease resistance is the preferred strategy of managing both diseases. the continued emergence of new races of pt and pst requires a constant search for new sources of resistance. here we report a genome-wide association analysis of 567 winter wheat (triticum aestivum) landrace accessions using the infinium iselect 9k whea ...	2015	26076040
stratification and storage of soil organic carbon and nitrogen as affected by tillage practices in the north china plain.	tillage practices can redistribute the soil profiles, and thus affects soil organic carbon (soc), and its storage. the stratification ratio (sr) can be an indicator of soil quality. this study was conducted to determine tillage effects on the profile distribution of certain soil properties in winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and summer maize (zea mays l.) systems in the north china plain (ncp). three tillage treatments, including no till (nt), rotary tillage (rt), and plow tillage (pt), were ...	2015	26075391
evaluation of triticale as energy crop in italy.	the promotion of renewable energy represents a target of the european 2020 strategy for economical growth and sustainable competitiveness. cereals are considered a promising biomass producing crop in temperate regions of europe to be used for both fuel alcohol and biogas production. among cereals, triticale represents a good candidate for this kind of application, showing a number of advantages such as high grain yield even in marginal environments, tolerance to drought, tolerance to more acid s ...	0	26072589
determination compliance abilities of some triticale varieties and comparison with wheat in southeastern anatolia conditions of turkey.	in this research, were used 3 triticale varieties (tacettinbey, karma 2000 and presto), one durum (sariçanak 98) and one bread (nurkent) wheat varieties. the study, was randomized as complete block design with four replications in 4 location (southeastern anatolia of turkey) and under rainfed conditions during the growing season 2010-2011. with an analysis of variance, significant differences were determined among locations, genotypes and genotype x location interactions at the 1% and 5% level. ...	2014	26072587
triticale adaption and competence assessment result in the high lands of ethiopia.	triticale is a crop that resulted from the addition of chromosomes of wheat (triticum aestivum ) and rye cereals (secale cereale). the crop came on the market as bread cereal in the 1980s. different varieties were released. triticale is a high yielding crop when compared with tef, wheat and barley, particularly on locations with soil nutrient deficiency. the study was initiated with the question to which extent the growing of triticale crop (triticosecale wittmack) improves food security, and wh ...	0	26072574
the physical map of wheat chromosome 5ds revealed gene duplications and small rearrangements.	the substantially large bread wheat genome, organized into highly similar three sub-genomes, renders genomic research challenging. the construction of bac-based physical maps of individual chromosomes reduces the complexity of this allohexaploid genome, enables elucidation of gene space and evolutionary relationships, provides tools for map-based cloning, and serves as a framework for reference sequencing efforts. in this study, we constructed the first comprehensive physical map of wheat chromo ...	2015	26070810
comparison of cell death and accumulation of reactive oxygen species in wheat lines with or without yr36 responding to puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici under low and high temperatures at seedling and adult-plant stages.	yr36 is an important gene conferring resistance to stripe rust of wheat caused by puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (pst). to determine if the yr36 resistance is correlated to reactive oxygen species (ros) burst and cell death, wheat near-isogenic lines with (uc1041 + yr36) and without (uc1041) the gene were histologically characterized for response to pst infection. yr36 conferred stripe rust resistance at both seedling and adult-plant stages when the gene line was tested with pst race cyr29 ...	2016	26070270
association and validation of yield-favored alleles in chinese cultivars of common wheat (triticumaestivum l.).	common wheat is one of the most important crops in china, which is the largest producer in the world. a set of 230 cultivars was used to identify yield-related loci by association mapping. this set was tested for seven yield-related traits, viz. plant height (ph), spike length (sl), spikelet number per spike (snps), kernel number per spike (knps), thousand-kernel weight (tkw), kernel weight per spike (kwps), and sterile spikelet number (ssn) per plant in four environments. a total of 106 simple ...	2015	26067129
marker assisted transfer of two powdery mildew resistance genes pmtb7a.1 and pmtb7a.2 from triticum boeoticum (boiss.) to triticum aestivum (l.).	powdery mildew (pm), caused by blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici, is one of the important wheat diseases, worldwide. two pm resistance genes, designated as pmtb7a.1 and pmtb7a.2, were identified in t. boeoticum acc. pau5088 and mapped on chromosome 7al approximately 48cm apart. two resistance gene analogue (rga)-sts markers ta7al-4556232 and 7al-4426363 were identified to be linked to the pmtb7a.1 and pmtb7a.2, at a distance of 0.6cm and 6.0cm, respectively. in the present study, following marker ...	2015	26066332
is it necessary to split nitrogen fertilization for winter wheat? on-farm research on luvisols in south-west germany.	mineral nitrogen (n) fertilization in cereals is commonly split into three or four applications. in order to simplify n fertilization, a single n application either broadcast or placed on the soil surface was compared to conventionally split fertilization for winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.). the 4-year experiment (2007-2010) was performed using a participatory approach on farmers' fields on deep loamy soils (luvisols) in south-west germany. grain yield and crude protein contents differed onl ...	0	26063931
quantitative rt-pcr platform to measure transcript levels of c and n metabolism-related genes in durum wheat: transcript profiles in elevated [co2] and high temperature at different levels of n supply.	only limited public transcriptomics resources are available for durum wheat and its responses to environmental changes. we developed a quantitative reverse transcription-pcr (qrt-pcr) platform for analysing the expression of primary c and n metabolism genes in durum wheat in leaves (125 genes) and roots (38 genes), based on available bread wheat genes and the identification of orthologs of known genes in other species. we also assessed the expression stability of seven reference genes for qrt-pc ...	2015	26063390