Publications

development and validation of an elisa to detect antibodies to corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis in ovine sera.	several enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas) have been developed for the detection of antibodies to corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, the causative agent of caseous lymphadenitis (cla). however, none are commercially available in the uk. it was therefore necessary to develop a new, economic elisa for use in a research project studying the epidemiology of cla in uk sheep. the elisa with its diagnostic qualities is presented. the elisa was developed using sonicated c. pseudotuberculosis a ...	2007	17363196
tumor microenvironment: hypoxia and buffer capacity for immunotherapy.	in recent years, significant progress has been made in the study of tumor biology and anti-tumor immunotherapy. however, the cellular and molecular mechanisms of tumor progression still remain obscure. as we know, tumor microenvironment that can directly influence tumor development and prognosis has attracted much attention of large number of immunologists. accumulated evidence has suggested that tumor microenvironment is in a hypoxic condition, under which immune cells may exhibit distinct func ...	2007	17360127
pili mediate specific adhesion of streptococcus pyogenes to human tonsil and skin.	very little is known about the biological functions of pili that have recently been found to be expressed by important gram-positive pathogens such as corynebacterium diphtheriae, streptococcus agalacticae, s. pneumoniae and s. pyogenes. using various ex vivo tissue and cellular models, here we show that pili mediate adhesion of serotype m1 s. pyogenes strain sf370 to both human tonsil epithelium and primary human keratinocytes, which represent the two main sites of infection by this human-speci ...	2007	17359232
[point mutations in tox promoter/operator and diphtheria toxin repressor (dtxr) gene associated with the level of toxin production by corynebacterium diphtheriae strains isolated in belarus].	dna fragments 129 bp in length containing promoter region of the tox gene from 81 toxigenic strains corynebacterium diphtheriae were analyzed using the sscp (single strand conformational polymorphism). we found that only two strains had mutations; the strains also had highest levels of toxin production (over 5120 vero cd50/ml). other strains were characterized either as high-level toxin-producing (640-5120 vero cd50/ml, 41 strains) or low-level toxin-producing (40-320 vero cd50/ml, 38 strains). ...	2007	17354605
the chra-chrs and hrra-hrrs signal transduction systems are required for activation of the hmuo promoter and repression of the hema promoter in corynebacterium diphtheriae.	transcription of the corynebacterium diphtheriae hmuo gene, which encodes a heme oxygenase involved in heme iron utilization, is activated in a heme- or hemoglobin-dependent manner in part by the two-component system chra-chrs. mutation of either the chra or the chrs gene resulted in a marked reduction of hemoglobin-dependent activation at the hmuo promoter in c. diphtheriae; however, it was observed that significant levels of hemoglobin-dependent expression were maintained in the mutants, sugge ...	2007	17353293
a comprehensive proteome map of the lipid-requiring nosocomial pathogen corynebacterium jeikeium k411.	corynebacterium jeikeium is a lipid-requiring pathogen that is considered as part of the normal microflora of the human skin and associated with severe nosocomial infections. systematic reference maps of the cytoplasmic, cell surface-associated, and extracellular proteome fractions of the clinical isolate c. jeikeium k411 were examined by 2-de coupled with maldi-tof ms. a sum total of 555 protein spots were identified by pmf, corresponding to 358 different proteins that were classified into func ...	2007	17352426
structural analysis and characterization of lacticin q, a novel bacteriocin belonging to a new family of unmodified bacteriocins of gram-positive bacteria.	lactococcus lactis qu 5 isolated from corn produces a novel bacteriocin, termed lacticin q. by acetone precipitation, cation-exchange chromatography, and reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography, lacticin q was purified from the culture supernatant of this organism, and its molecular mass was determined to be 5,926.50 da by mass spectrometry. subsequent analyses of amino acid and dna sequences revealed that lacticin q comprised 53 amino acid residues and that its n-terminal methionin ...	2007	17351096
structural insight into concerted inhibition of alpha 2 beta 2-type aspartate kinase from corynebacterium glutamicum.	aspartate kinase (ak) catalyzes the first step of the biosynthesis of the aspartic acid family amino acids, and is regulated via feedback inhibition by end-products including thr and lys. to elucidate the mechanism of this inhibition, we determined the crystal structure of the regulatory subunit of ak from corynebacterium glutamicum at 1.58 a resolution in the thr-binding form, the first crystal structure of the regulatory subunit of alpha(2)beta(2)-type ak. the regulatory subunit contains two a ...	2007	17350037
anaerobic growth of corynebacterium glutamicum using nitrate as a terminal electron acceptor.	corynebacterium glutamicum, a gram-positive soil bacterium, has been regarded as an aerobe because its growth by fermentative catabolism or by anaerobic respiration has, to this date, not been demonstrated. in this study, we report on the anaerobic growth of c. glutamicum in the presence of nitrate as a terminal electron acceptor. c. glutamicum strains r and atcc13032 consumed nitrate and excreted nitrite during growth under anaerobic, but not aerobic, conditions. this was attributed to the pres ...	2007	17347820
superficial corneal foreign body: laboratory and epidemiologic aspects.	to determine by bacterioscopy and culture the microorganisms carried by corneal foreign body and their sensitivity to antibiotics by antibiotic sensitivity test.	2005	17344985
corynebacterium accolens isolated from breast abscess: possible association with granulomatous mastitis.	corynebacterium accolens is rarely isolated as a human pathogen. we describe here a case of c. accolens isolated from a breast abscess in a patient previously diagnosed with granulomatous mastitis. the possible association of corynebacterium accolens and granulomatous mastitis in this patient is discussed.	2007	17344355
hydrophobicity and biofilm formation of lipophilic skin corynebacteria.	lipophilic corynebacteria isolated as natural flora of human skin were examined. among 119 assayed strains 94% presented a hydrophobic cell surface and 75.6% were able to form biofilms. these attributes, as well as aggregation in liquid media, were statistically connected with each other and promote the developing of biofilms on solid surfaces. this was characteristic of all the lipophilic corynebacterium species found on human skin that were examined in this study. c. jeikeium and cdc group g2 ...	2006	17338271
diversity of cultivated and uncultivated actinobacterial endophytes in the stems and roots of rice.	a dual approach consisting of cultivation and molecular retrieval of actinobacterial 16s rrna genes was used to characterize the diversity of actinobacterial community inhabiting interior of rice stems and roots. streptomyces is the most frequently isolated genus from rice stems and roots. forty-five clones chosen randomly among 250 clones in the 16s rrna gene clone library from roots were affiliated with nine genera of actinobacteria and uncultured actinobacteria (mycobacterium, streptomyces, m ...	2007	17334856
effect of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex deficiency on l-lysine production with corynebacterium glutamicum.	intracellular precursor supply is a critical factor for amino acid productivity of corynebacterium glutamicum. to test for the effect of improved pyruvate availability on l-lysine production, we deleted the acee gene encoding the e1p enzyme of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (pdhc) in the l-lysine-producer c. glutamicum dm1729 and characterised the resulting strain dm1729-bb1 for growth and l-lysine production. compared to the host strain, c. glutamicum dm1729-bb1 showed no pdhc activity, was ...	2007	17333167
a day in the life of a nebulizer: surveillance for bacterial growth in nebulizer equipment of children with cystic fibrosis in the hospital setting.	cystic fibrosis (cf) is characterized by chronic lung infection. minimizing exposure to pathogens is important. treating a cf pulmonary exacerbation includes nebulizer therapies, but little is known about pathogen exposure from nebulizer equipment in cf.	2007	17328823
morbidity and mortality associated with arcanobacterium pyogenes in a group of captive blackbuck (antilope cervicapra).	arcanobacterium pyogenes was associated with necrotizing pneumonia; mandibular osteomyelitis; peritonitis; and hepatic, pulmonary, renal, and subcutaneous abscessation in a group of captive blackbuck (antilope cervicapra). males were more frequently (73.3%) affected than females. infection with a. pyogenes was fatal or necessitated euthanasia in 15 of 16 (93.7%) cases. deaths associated with a. pyogenes occurred most frequently (60%) during winter.	2005	17323570
survey of the incidence and aetiology of mastitis on dairy farms in england and wales.	a survey of clinical and subclinical mastitis was carried out on 97 dairy farms in england and wales, selected at random from members of a national milk recording scheme. the farmers were asked to collect aseptic milk samples from five consecutive cases of clinical mastitis and from five quarters with high somatic cell counts using a defined protocol, and they completed a questionnaire that included information on the cows sampled, the herd and the history of mastitis in the herd. the samples we ...	2007	17322356
comparative analysis of hmuo function and expression in corynebacterium species.	we have constructed defined deletions in the hmuo gene from corynebacterium diphtheriae and corynebacterium ulcerans and show that the c. ulcerans hmuo mutation results in a significant reduction in hemoglobin-iron utilization, whereas in c. diphtheriae strains, deletion of hmuo caused no or only partial reduction in the utilization of heme as an iron source. we also show that expression from the c. ulcerans hmuo promoter exhibits minimal regulation by iron and heme whereas transcription from th ...	2007	17322319
genome-wide investigation of aromatic acid transporters in corynebacterium glutamicum.	genome-wide data mining indicated that six genes (ncgl1031, ncgl2302, ncgl2325, ncgl2326, ncgl2922 and ncgl2953) encoding putative transport proteins are involved in uptake of various aromatic compounds that are further degraded through the beta-ketoadipate, gentisate and resorcinol pathways in corynebacterium glutamicum. the gentisate (genk/ncgl2922) and vanillate (vank/ncgl2302) transporters have been identified previously. in this study, physiological functions of the remaining four putative ...	2007	17322206
probing the heat shock response of corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis: the major virulence factor, phospholipase d, is downregulated at 43 degrees c.	heat shock response genes have been characterised in many organisms. such genes are often induced not only following heat stress but also following a range of other stresses. in pathogenic bacteria, the common heat shock genes are usually induced during the initial infection process. the identification of other genes regulated during heat shock, besides the classical heat shock genes such as those of the dnak and groel operons, may provide information about other cellular responses such as membr ...	2007	17320354
scale-up from shake flasks to fermenters in batch and continuous mode with corynebacterium glutamicum on lactic acid based on oxygen transfer and ph.	scale-up from shake flasks to fermenters has been hampered by the lack of knowledge concerning the influence of operating conditions on mass transfer, hydromechanics, and power input. however, in recent years the properties of shake flasks have been described with empirical models. a practical scale-up strategy for everyday use is introduced for the scale-up of aerobic cultures from shake flasks to fermenters in batch and continuous mode. the strategy is based on empirical correlations of the vo ...	2007	17318907
culturable airborne bacteria in outdoor environments in beijing,china.	airborne bacteria are important biological components of bioaerosol and play an important role in ecosystem. bacteria at a high concentration in the atmosphere can result in biological air pollution and all kinds of diseases. in this study, a systematical survey on the culturable airborne bacteria was carried out for 1 year at three sites in beijing urban area. results showed that concentrations of culturable bacteria ranged from 71 colony forming units (cfu)/m(3) to 22,100 cfu/m(3), and the mea ...	2007	17308950
the reductase that catalyzes mycolic motif synthesis is required for efficient attachment of mycolic acids to arabinogalactan.	mycolic acids are essential components of the cell walls of bacteria belonging to the suborder corynebacterineae, including the important human pathogens mycobacterium tuberculosis and mycobacterium leprae. mycolic acid biosynthesis is complex and the target of several frontline antimycobacterial drugs. the condensation of two fatty acids to form a 2-alkyl-3-keto mycolate precursor and the subsequent reduction of this precursor represent two key and highly conserved steps in this pathway. althou ...	2007	17308303
application of single strand conformation polymorphism --pcr method for distinguishing cheese bacterial communities that inhibit listeria monocytogenes.	the aim of this study was to compare the microbial communities of different cheeses where listeria monocytogenes either grew or did not grow. for this purpose, (i) isolates from the most inhibitory cheese ecosystem were identified and their ability to produce anti-listeria substances was determined, (ii) bacterial communities of cheeses with and without l. monocytogenes growth were compared using the single strand conformation polymorphism method. the study showed sscp to be an effective tool fo ...	2007	17306399
microbiologic findings of sinusitis by a novel method for obtaining culture.	many different methods have been described to obtain sinus culture from patients with chronic sinusitis. however, these methods presented limited information how they had prevented from the contamination with nasal flora. the purpose of this study is to demonstrate and describe a contamination-free technique to obtain culture from involved sinus during endoscopic sinus surgery (ess). we prepared a cotton-tipped contamination-free swab. this applicator was inserted inside the sinus through ostium ...	2007	17300906
adherence and efficacy of an external teat sealant to prevent new intramammary infections in the dry period.	the efficacy and adherence of an external teat sealant applied at drying off was evaluated in 2 studies between 1997 and 1999. at drying off, 2 quarters were randomized to receive intramammary dry-cow antibiotic therapy, and the remaining 2 quarters were treated with either a single or double application of external teat sealant. approximately 3 d before calving, all teats that had been dipped at drying off were redipped in a single coating of teat sealant. adherence of the teat sealant was scor ...	2007	17297105
l-valine production with pyruvate dehydrogenase complex-deficient corynebacterium glutamicum.	corynebacterium glutamicum was engineered for the production of l-valine from glucose by deletion of the acee gene encoding the e1p enzyme of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and additional overexpression of the ilvbnce genes encoding the l-valine biosynthetic enzymes acetohydroxyacid synthase, isomeroreductase, and transaminase b. in the absence of cellular growth, c. glutamicum deltaacee showed a relatively high intracellular concentration of pyruvate (25.9 mm) and produced significant amoun ...	2007	17293513
the deor-type regulator sugr represses expression of ptsg in corynebacterium glutamicum.	corynebacterium glutamicum grows on a variety of carbohydrates and organic acids. uptake of the preferred carbon source glucose via the phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphotransferase system (pts) is reduced during coutilization of glucose with acetate, sucrose, or fructose compared to growth on glucose as the sole carbon source. here we show that the deor-type regulator sugr (ncgl1856) represses expression of ptsg, which encodes the glucose-specific pts enzyme ii. overexpression of sugr result ...	2007	17293426
in vitro analysis of the two-component system mtrb-mtra from corynebacterium glutamicum.	the two-component system mtrba is involved in the osmostress response of corynebacterium glutamicum. mtrb was reconstituted in a functionally active form in liposomes and showed autophosphorylation and phosphatase activity. in proteoliposomes, mtrb activity was stimulated by monovalent cations used by many osmosensors for the detection of hypertonicity. although mtrb was activated by monovalent cations, they lead in vitro to a general stabilization of histidine kinases and do not represent the s ...	2007	17293417
[interest of typing methods to study corynebacterium diphtheriae strains.].	corynebacterium diphtheriae is the causative agent of diphtheria. this bacteria circulates throughout the world. recently, two outbreaks occurred in new independent states (russia, ukraine...) and algeria. routine technics permit to study the strains of corynebacterium diphtheriae : biotype, antibiotype, toxin gene detection. however, molecular biological tests (ribotyping, and pulsed field gel electrophoresis) are necessary to characterize these strains in the space and the time. the studies wi ...	1996	17292306
screening of plant extracts for antimicrobial activity against bacteria and yeasts with dermatological relevance.	there is cumulative resistance against antibiotics of many bacteria. therefore, the development of new antiseptics and antimicrobial agents for the treatment of skin infections is of increasing interest. we have screened six plant extracts and isolated compounds for antimicrobial effects on bacteria and yeasts with dermatological relevance. the following plant extracts have been tested: gentiana lutea, harpagophytum procumbens, boswellia serrata (dry extracts), usnea barbata, rosmarinus officina ...	2007	17291738
the role of laterally transferred genes in adaptive evolution.	bacterial genomes develop new mechanisms to tide them over the imposing conditions they encounter during the course of their evolution. acquisition of new genes by lateral gene transfer may be one of the dominant ways of adaptation in bacterial genome evolution. lateral gene transfer provides the bacterial genome with a new set of genes that help it to explore and adapt to new ecological niches.	2007	17288581
efficient syntheses of a series of trehalose dimycolate (tdm)/trehalose dicorynomycolate (tdcm) analogues and their interleukin-6 level enhancement activity in mice sera.	we found an il-6 level-enhancing compound during our synthetic study of trehalose-6,6'-dimycolate (1, tdm, formerly called cord factor) analogues. tdm is a glycolipid distributed in the cell wall of mycobacterium tuberculosis and shows significant antitumor activity based on an immunoadjuvant activity. however, due to its significant toxicity, tdm is not yet applicable for practical use. in 1993, datta and takayama reported the purification of trehalose-6,6'-dicorynomycolate (2c, tdcm) from cory ...	2007	17286434
facultative alkalophilic bacteria from mangrove soil with varying buffering capacity and h+ conductance.	facultative alkalophilic bacteria planococcus sp. (emga-26), bacillus sp. (emga-29) and corynebacterium spp. (emga-33 and 130) were isolated from mangrove soil samples. neutrophiles were predominant than alkalophiles. buffering capacity and membrane h+ conductance were investigated for the strains grown in ppyg medium at ph 10.5 using acid pulse technique. bacillus sp. showed higher buffering capacity than planococcus sp. and corynebacterium spp. buffering capacity was two-fold higher in coryneb ...	2006	17285803
corynebacterium endocarditis species-specific risk factors and outcomes.	corynebacterium species are recognized as uncommon agents of endocarditis, but little is known regarding species-specific risk factors and outcomes in corynebacterium endocarditis.	2007	17284316
crystallization and preliminary crystallographic analysis of dtsr1, a carboxyltransferase subunit of acetyl-coa carboxylase from corynebacterium glutamicum.	dtsr1, a carboxyltransferase subunit of acetyl-coa carboxylase derived from corynebacterium glutamicum, was crystallized by the sitting-drop vapour-diffusion method using polyethylene glycol 6000 as a precipitant. the crystal belongs to the trigonal system with space group r32 and contains three subunits in the asymmetric unit. a molecular-replacement solution was found using the structure of transcarboxylase 12s from propionibacterium shermanii as a search model.	2007	17277455
metabolic flux estimation--a self-adaptive evolutionary algorithm with singular value decomposition.	metabolic flux analysis is important for metabolic system regulation and intracellular pathway identification. a popular approach for intracellular flux estimation involves using 13c tracer experiments to label states that can be measured by nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry or gas chromatography mass spectrometry. however, the bilinear balance equations derived from 13c tracer experiments and the noisy measurements require a nonlinear optimization approach to obtain the optimal solution. ...	2007	17277420
effect of lignocellulose-derived inhibitors on growth of and ethanol production by growth-arrested corynebacterium glutamicum r.	in cellulosic ethanol production, pretreatment of a biomass to facilitate enzymatic hydrolysis inevitably yields fermentation inhibitors such as organic acids, furans, and phenols. with representative inhibitors included in the medium at various concentrations, individually or in various combinations, ethanol production by corynebacterium glutamicum r under growth-arrested conditions was investigated. in the presence of various inhibitors, the 62 to 100% ethanol productivity retained by the c. g ...	2007	17277203
bacteriophage-based vectors for site-specific insertion of dna in the chromosome of corynebacteria.	in corynebacterium diphtheriae, diphtheria toxin is encoded by the tox gene of some temperate corynephages such as beta. beta-like corynephages are capable of inserting into the c. diphtheriae chromosome at two specific sites, attb1 and attb2. transcription of the phage-encoded tox gene, and many chromosomally encoded genes, is regulated by the dtxr protein in response to fe(2+) levels. characterizing dtxr-dependent gene regulation is pivotal in understanding diphtheria pathogenesis and mechanis ...	2007	17275217
effect of elevated dissolved carbon dioxide concentrations on growth of corynebacterium glutamicum on d-glucose and l-lactate.	the effect of increased dissolved carbon dioxide concentrations on growth of corynebacterium glutamicum was studied with continuous turbidostatic cultures. the carbon sources were either l-lactate or d-glucose. to increase the dissolved carbon dioxide concentration the carbon dioxide partial pressure of the inlet gas stream pco2,in was increased stepwise from 0.0003 bar (air) up to 0.79 bar, while the oxygen partial pressure of the inlet gas stream was kept constant at 0.21 bar. for each resulti ...	2007	17275119
urea transport in bacteria: acid acclimation by gastric helicobacter spp.	urea transporters in bacteria are relatively rare. there are three classes, the abc transporters such as those expressed by cyanobacteria and corynebacterium glutamicum, the yut protein expressed by yersinia spp and the urei expressed by gastric helicobacter spp. this review focuses largely on the urei proton-gated channel that is part of the acid acclimation mechanism essential for gastric colonization by the latter. urei is a six-transmembrane polytopic integral membrane protein, n and c termi ...	2007	17264989
pleural effusion due to corynebacterium propinquum in a patient with squamous cell carcinoma.		2001	17261942
the iclr-type transcriptional repressor ltbr regulates the expression of leucine and tryptophan biosynthesis genes in the amino acid producer corynebacterium glutamicum.	the transcriptional regulator cg1486 of corynebacterium glutamicum atcc 13032 is a member of the iclr protein family and belongs to the conserved set of regulatory proteins in corynebacteria. a defined deletion in the cg1486 gene, now designated ltbr (leucine and tryptophan biosynthesis regulator), led to the mutant strain c. glutamicum ib1486. according to whole-genome expression analysis by dna microarray hybridizations, transcription of the leub and leucd genes encoding enzymes of the leucine ...	2007	17259312
a clean route for preparation of cdte nanocrystals and their conjugation with bacterium.	the thiol-capped cdte nanocrystals were obtained by a clean chemical approach with hydrazine hydrate. in alkaline aqueous solution, hydrazine hydrate reduced commercial tellurium to be active reactant, and further reduced to negative bivalent telluride for the preparation of cdte nanocrystals. the resulting cdte nanocrystals were characterized by uv-vis absorption spectra, photoluminescence spectra, x-ray diffraction, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. the synthesized cdte nan ...	2006	17256331
a phenomenological model to represent the kinetics of growth by corynebacterium glutamicum for lysine production.	corynebacterium glutamicum is commonly used for lysine production. in the last decade, several metabolic engineering approaches have been successfully applied to c. glutamicum. however, only few studies have been focused on the kinetics of growth and lysine production. here, we present a phenomenological model that captures the growth and lysine production during different phases of fermentation at various initial dextrose concentrations. the model invokes control coefficients to capture the dyn ...	2007	17256152
a proteomic study of corynebacterium glutamicum aaa+ protease ftsh.	the influence of the membrane-bound aaa+ protease ftsh on membrane and cytoplasmic proteins of corynebacterium glutamicum was investigated in this study. for the analysis of the membrane fraction, anion exchange chromatography was combined with sds-page, while the cytoplasmic protein fraction was studied by conventional two-dimensional gel electrophoresis.	2007	17254330
sonographic application in the diagnosis of pyelonephritis in cattle.	nineteen cattle with pyelonephritis were examined sonographically. a 3.5- and 5.0-mhz convex transducer was used for percutaneous and a 5.5-mhz linear scanner for transrectal examination. ultrasonographic changes included enlarged kidneys, echogenic material, and flocculent fluid within a dilated and deformed renal sinus and a poor cortical medullary differentiation. azotemia was detected in 10 and hematuria and proteinuria in all animals. microbial culture revealed corynebacterium renale in eig ...	2007	17236364
coryneregnet 3.0--an interactive systems biology platform for the analysis of gene regulatory networks in corynebacteria and escherichia coli.	coryneregnet is an ontology-based data warehouse for the reconstruction and visualization of transcriptional regulatory interactions in prokaryotes. to extend the biological content of coryneregnet, we added comprehensive data on transcriptional regulations in the model organism escherichia coli k-12, originally deposited in the international reference database regulondb. the enhanced web interface of coryneregnet offers several types of search options. the results of a search are displayed in a ...	2007	17229482
the transcriptional regulatory network of the amino acid producer corynebacterium glutamicum.	the complete nucleotide sequence of the corynebacterium glutamicum atcc 13032 genome was previously determined and allowed the reliable prediction of 3002 protein-coding genes within this genome. using computational methods, we have defined 158 genes, which form the minimal repertoire for proteins that presumably act as transcriptional regulators of gene expression. most of these regulatory proteins have a direct role as dna-binding transcriptional regulator, while others either have less well-d ...	2007	17227685
aetiology of intramammary infection and its effect on milk composition in goat flocks.	although there has been little study of the origin of intramammary infection (imi) in goats, a common view is that most bacterial infection in goats occurs during milking. in the present study, the dynamics of occurrence of udder infection during and between lactations in three anglo-nubian goat farms in israel was monitored. coagulase-negative staphylococci were the predominant bacteria in the imis. we found that about 15% of the yearling does were already infected with bacteria when they joine ...	2007	17227594
evaluation of two proteomics technologies used to screen the membrane proteomes of wild-type corynebacterium glutamicum and an l-lysine-producing strain.	the membrane proteomes of a wild-type corynebacterium glutamicum and an l-lysine-producing strain were quantitatively analyzed by two complementary proteomics techniques -- anion exchange chromatography aiec/sds-page and 16bac-page/sds-page -- and the results were compared. although both techniques allow for the fast screening of differences in protein abundance, aiec/sds-page was superior to 16bac-page/sds-page with respect to protein separation, it was more suitable for relative protein quanti ...	2007	17221235
random segment deletion based on is31831 and cre/loxp excision system in corynebacterium glutamicum.	a simple and random genome deletion method combining insertion sequence (is) element is31831 and the cre/loxp excision system generated 42 corynebacterium glutamicum mutants (0.2-186 kb). a total of 393.6 kb (11.9% of c. glutamicum r genome) coding for 331 genes was confirmed to be nonessential under standard laboratory conditions. the deletion strains, generated using only two vectors, varied not only in their lengths but also the location of the deletion along the c. glutamicum r genome. by co ...	2007	17221197
production of l-lysine from starch by corynebacterium glutamicum displaying alpha-amylase on its cell surface.	we engineered a corynebacterium glutamicum strain displaying alpha-amylase from streptococcus bovis 148 (amya) on its cell surface to produce amino acids directly from starch. we used pgsa from bacillus subtilis as an anchor protein, and the n-terminus of alpha-amylase was fused to the pgsa. the genes of the fusion protein were integrated into the homoserine dehydrogenase gene locus on the chromosome by homologous recombination. l-lysine fermentation was carried out using c. glutamicum displayin ...	2007	17216452
expression of the escherichia coli pntab genes encoding a membrane-bound transhydrogenase in corynebacterium glutamicum improves l-lysine formation.	a critical factor in the biotechnological production of l: -lysine with corynebacterium glutamicum is the sufficient supply of nadph. the membrane-integral nicotinamide nucleotide transhydrogenase pntab of escherichia coli can use the electrochemical proton gradient across the cytoplasmic membrane to drive the reduction of nadp(+) via the oxidation of nadh. as c. glutamicum does not possess such an enzyme, we expressed the e. coli pntab genes in the genetically defined c. glutamicum lysine-produ ...	2007	17216441
staghorn calculi in southern thailand.	to study the characteristics and components of staghorn calculi in southern thailand.	2006	17214061
causative organisms and somatic cell counts in subclinical intramammary infections in milking goats in the uk.	the bacterial causes of subclinical mastitis were determined in samples of milk taken from one half of the udders of 159 goats in three different herds. the mean prevalence of subclinical infection was 33 percent, with prevalences of 26 percent, 39 percent and 42 percent in the three herds. staphylococcus aureus was isolated from seven (13 percent) of the 53 infected halves, coagulase-negative staphylococci accounted for 47 percent, corynebacterium species for 31 percent and alpha-haemolytic str ...	2007	17209091
antibiotic-resistant corynebacterium jeikeium urinary tract infection in a cat.	a 10-year-old, castrated male, domestic longhaired cat with a history of urinary tract disease and perineal urethrostomy was presented for evaluation of persistent urinary tract inflammation. prior to referral, diphtheroid organisms had been cultured from a urine sample obtained by cystocentesis, and they were interpreted as sample contamination. subsequent urine culture and gene sequencing identified corynebacterium jeikeium, which was resistant to antibiotics and appeared to be the cause of th ...	2007	17209087
retention of inorganic arsenic by coryneform mutant strains.	the natural resistance mechanisms of corynebacteria to respond to the environments containing high levels of arsenic were successfully adopted to develop inexpensive and selective extractants for submicrogram amounts of arsenic. kinetic and equilibrium characteristics were evaluated, and a preliminary exploration of the capability of these strains to be used for arsenic speciation was also made in this work. three kinetics models were used to fit the experimental data. it was found that the pseu ...	2007	17204300
the alternative sigma factor sigb of corynebacterium glutamicum modulates global gene expression during transition from exponential growth to stationary phase.	corynebacterium glutamicum is a gram-positive soil bacterium widely used for the industrial production of amino acids. there is great interest in the examination of the molecular mechanism of transcription control. one of these control mechanisms are sigma factors. c. glutamicum atcc 13032 has seven putative sigma factor-encoding genes, including siga and sigb. the siga gene encodes the essential primary sigma factor of c. glutamicum and is responsible for promoter recognition of house-keeping g ...	2007	17204139
molecular diagnosis of native mitral valve endocarditis due to corynebacterium striatum.		2006	17201210
secrets of soil survival revealed by the genome sequence of arthrobacter aurescens tc1.	arthrobacter sp. strains are among the most frequently isolated, indigenous, aerobic bacterial genera found in soils. member of the genus are metabolically and ecologically diverse and have the ability to survive in environmentally harsh conditions for extended periods of time. the genome of arthrobacter aurescens strain tc1, which was originally isolated from soil at an atrazine spill site, is composed of a single 4,597,686 basepair (bp) circular chromosome and two circular plasmids, ptc1 and p ...	2006	17194220
identification of the precursor of (s)-3-methyl-3-sulfanylhexan-1-ol, the sulfury malodour of human axilla sweat.	a careful study of human axillary microflora led us to the identification of a new strain of staphylococcus haemolyticus. the role in axillary malodour formation of this microorganism was compared to those of corynebacterium xerosis and staphylococcus epidermidis, upon incubation on sterile human eccrine and apocrine axilla sweat. st. haemolyticus was responsible for the strongest sulfury malodour and the generation of the volatile sulfur compound (vsc) (s)-3-methyl-3-sulfanylhexan-1-ol (3). in ...	2005	17192014
identification of odoriferous sulfanylalkanols in human axilla secretions and their formation through cleavage of cysteine precursors by a c-s lyase isolated from axilla bacteria.	human axillary odor is known to be formed upon the action of corynebacteria sp. on per se odorless axilla secretions. besides the known odoriferous acids, we report the occurrence in human axilla secretions of four odoriferous sulfanylalkanols, namely 3-sulfanylhexan-1-ol (3), 2-methyl-3-sulfanylbutan-1-ol (4), 3-sulfanylpentan-1-ol (5), and 3-methyl-3-sulfanylhexan-1-ol (6). these compounds have a pungent sweat/kitchen odor, also reminiscent of onions with some fruity connotations, and percepti ...	2004	17191898
3-methyl-3-sulfanylhexan-1-ol as a major descriptor for the human axilla-sweat odour profile.	this study sets out to redress the lack of knowledge in the area of volatile sulfur compounds (vscs) in axillary sweat malodour. sterile odourless underarm sweat (500 ml) was collected from 30 male volunteers after excessive sweating. five strains of bacteria, corynebacterium tuberculostearicum, corynebacterium minutissimum, staphylococcus epidermidis, staphylococcus haemolyticus, and bacillus licheniformis, were isolated and characterised for their ability to generate an authentic axillary odou ...	2004	17191896
activity of newer fluoroquinolones against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria isolated from ocular infections: an in vitro comparison.	to determine the antibacterial activity of newer fluoroquinolones and compare their activity between ciprofloxacin-susceptible and resistant bacterial isolates from patients with keratitis and endophthalmitis.	2007	17189881
precise metabolic flux analysis of coryneform bacteria by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and verification by nuclear magnetic resonance.	precise metabolic flux analysis (mfa) by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (gc-ms) and computer calculation was performed, and the consistency of the estimated results was verified by independently performed nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr) analysis. the precise estimation of flux by the integration method of the mass isotopomer signal, defined as the coefficient of variance (cv) of multiple determination, was investigated, and the results estimated using different data sets with the same mag ...	2006	17189168
transcriptional regulation of catabolic pathways for aromatic compounds in corynebacterium glutamicum.	corynebacterium glutamicum is a gram-positive soil microorganism able to utilize a large variety of aromatic compounds as the sole carbon source. the corresponding catabolic routes are associated with multiple ring-fission dioxygenases and among other channeling reactions, include the gentisate pathway, the protocatechuate and catechol branches of the beta-ketoadipate pathway and two potential hydroxyquinol pathways. genes encoding the enzymatic machinery for the bioconversion of aromatic compou ...	2006	17183485
construction and partial characterization of a corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis bacterial artificial chromosome library through genomic survey sequencing.	corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis is a gram-positive bacterium that causes caseous lymphadenitis in sheep and goats. however, despite the economic losses caused by caseous lymphadenitis, there is little information about the molecular mechanisms of pathogenesis of this bacterium. genomic libraries constructed in bacterial artificial chromosome (bac) vectors have become the method of choice for clone development in high-throughput genomic-sequencing projects. large-insert dna libraries are usefu ...	2006	17183477
nitrogen metabolism and nitrogen control in corynebacteria: variations of a common theme.	the published genome sequences of corynebacterium diphtheriae, corynebacterium efficiens, corynebacterium glutamicum and corynebacterium jeikeium were screened for genes encoding central components of nitrogen source uptake, nitrogen assimilation and nitrogen control systems. interestingly, the soil-living species c. efficiens and c. glutamicum exhibit a broader spectrum of genes for nitrogen transport and metabolism than the pathogenic species c. diphtheriae and c. jeikeium. the latter are char ...	2007	17183220
rama, the transcriptional regulator of acetate metabolism in corynebacterium glutamicum, is subject to negative autoregulation.	the rama protein represents a luxr-type transcriptional activator of genes involved in acetate metabolism of corynebacterium glutamicum. here we analyze the expression of the respective rama gene and its regulation. transcription was found to start 71 nucleotides upstream of the translational start codon and to be two- to threefold up-regulated in the presence of acetate in the growth medium. accordingly, about twofold higher amounts of rama were observed in c. glutamicum cells grown on acetate ...	2007	17183211
the phosphotransferase system of corynebacterium glutamicum: features of sugar transport and carbon regulation.	in this review, we describe the phosphotransferase system (pts) of corynebacterium glutamicum and discuss genes for putative global carbon regulation associated with the pts. c. glutamicum atcc 13032 has pts genes encoding the general phosphotransferases enzyme i, hpr and four enzyme ii permeases, specific for glucose, fructose, sucrose and one yet unknown substrate. c. gluamicum has a peculiar sugar transport system involving fructose efflux after hydrolyzing sucrose transported via sucrose eii ...	2007	17183210
subclinical and clinical mastitis in heifers following the use of a teat sealant precalving.	this study investigated the effect in heifers of infusion of a bismuth subnitrate teat-canal sealant and bacterial intramammary infection (imi) precalving on prevalence of postcalving imi and incidence of clinical mastitis in the first 2 wk postcalving. glands (n = 1,020) from heifers (n = 255) in 5 seasonally calving, pasture-fed dairy herds were randomly assigned within heifer to 1 of 4 treatment groups (no treatment; mammary gland secretion collection; infusion of a teat sealant; or sample co ...	2007	17183089
inactivation of corynebacterium glutamicum ncgl0452 and the role of mgta in the biosynthesis of a novel mannosylated glycolipid involved in lipomannan biosynthesis.	mycobacterium tuberculosis pimb has been demonstrated to catalyze the addition of a mannose residue from gdp-mannose to a monoacylated phosphatidyl-myo-inositol mannoside (ac(1)pim(1)) to generate ac(1)pim(2). herein, we describe the disruption of its probable orthologue cg-pimb and the chemical analysis of glycolipids and lipoglycans isolated from wild type corynebacterium glutamicum and the c. glutamicum::pimb mutant. following a careful analysis, two related glycolipids, gl-a and gl-x, were f ...	2007	17179146
influence of harvest bacterial contamination on autologous peripheral blood progenitor cells post-transplant.	microbiological contamination of manipulated blood products, including hematopoietic progenitors obtained from peripheral blood, is an infrequent but persistent problem in transplant units. the relevance of such contamination in causing patient infection has been reported as insignificant, but the effect on the post-transplant course has not been well documented. we studied the incidence of bacterial contamination in autologous peripheral blood progenitor cell transplants in two of the bench pro ...	2007	17173054
detection and identification of bacteria using antibiotic susceptibility and a multi-array electrochemical sensor with pattern recognition.	this work proposes the use of amperometric signals generated by a 96-well multi-array dissolved oxygen multi-electrode sensor (dox) coupled with principal component analysis for continuous monitoring, identification and differentiation of bacteria. two types of differentiation mechanisms were tested: (1) direct monitoring of respiratory activity via oxygen consumption and (2) quantification of the effect of three broad-spectrum antibiotics on bacteria growth and respiration over time. five speci ...	2007	17169547
coryneform bacteria in semen of chronic prostatitis patients.	our aim was to compare the presence and species composition of coryneform bacteria in chronic prostatitis patients and controls. semen of 50 men with inflammatory prostatitis and 59 controls (without pelvic pain/discomfort complaints and leukocytospermia) was investigated. first-catch urine was additionally investigated in 36 men (30 with and 6 without prostatitis). coryneform bacteria were found in semen of 76% men with inflammatory prostatitis and 83% controls. more than half of the isolates w ...	2007	17163953
[pathogenicity of corynebacterium diphtheriae circulating in rostov-on-don city and rostov region during interepidemic period].	main pathogenic characteristics (toxin production, tox-gene detection, adhesiveness) of 59 strains of c. diphtheriae circulating in rostov-on-don city and rostov region in 2004-2005 were studied. study of toxigenicity of 15 tox+ c.di phtheriae strains showed full coincidence of elek immunoprecipitation test and polymerase chain reaction (pcr). presence of part of a-fragment of tox-gene was detected in 5 (11.4%) of 44 c. diphtheriae strains that were negative in elek test. hemagglutinating activi ...	2006	17163130
variable expression of immunoreactive surface proteins of propionibacterium acnes.	despite accumulating data implicating propionibacterium acnes in a variety of diseases, its precise role in infection remains to be determined. p. acnes antigen-specific cd4(+) t cells are present in early inflamed acne lesions and may be involved in the inflammatory response; however, little is known about the specific antigens involved. in this study, b cell and t cell antigens from p. acnes expression libraries were cloned and evaluated and the four predominant proteins identified were invest ...	2006	17159220
altered metabolic flux due to deletion of odha causes l-glutamate overproduction in corynebacterium glutamicum.	l-glutamate overproduction in corynebacterium glutamicum, a biotin auxotroph, is induced by biotin limitation or by treatment with certain fatty acid ester surfactants or with penicillin. we have analyzed the relationship between the inductions, 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex (odhc) activity, and l-glutamate production. here we show that a strain deleted for odha and completely lacking odhc activity produces l-glutamate as efficiently as the induced wild type (27.8 mmol/g [dry weight] of c ...	2007	17158630
characterization of a unique mutant lyse gene, originating from corynebacterium glutamicum, encoding a product that induces l-lysine production in methylophilus methylotrophus.	lyse24 is an allele of lyse encoding an l-lysine exporter of corynebacterium glutamicum. the mutant gene is able to induce l-lysine production in methylophilus methylotrophus. although lyse24 has a mutation in the middle of lyse that results in chain termination, the entire lyse locus, including the region downstream of the short open reading frame, is necessary for l-lysine production. we propose that separate polypeptides are synthesized from the lyse24 locus due to reinitiation of translation ...	2006	17151474
a spontaneous joint infection with corynebacterium striatum.	corynebacterium striatum is a ubiquitous saprophyte with the potential to cause bacteremia in immunocompromised patients. until now, spontaneous infection of a natural joint has not been reported. when phenotyping failed, gene sequencing was used to identify the species. the isolate demonstrated high-level resistance to most antibiotics.	2007	17151206
identification of the emerging skin pathogen corynebacterium amycolatum using pcr-amplification of the essential diviva gene as a target.	the actinomycete corynebacterium amycolatum is a saprophytic bacterium usually associated with the human skin, but it is at present considered an emergent pathogen as it is isolated from nosocomial settings from samples of immunosuppressed patients. the conventional method to distinguish c. amycolatum from closely related species is mainly based on phenotypic or chemotaxonomic studies. we developed a molecular method to identify rapidly c. amycolatum based on the use of different primers for amp ...	2006	17147766
seed-specific expression of a bacterial phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase in vicia narbonensis increases protein content and improves carbon economy.	an ambitious aim in plant breeding and biotechnology is to increase the protein content of crop seeds used for food and feed. using an approach to manipulate assimilate partitioning, we succeeded in elevating the protein content in legume seeds up to 50%. transgenic bean plants were generated which express a corynebacterium glutamicum phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (pepc) in a seed-specific manner. the bacterial enzyme was not feedback inhibited by malate. transgenic seeds showed a higher [14c] ...	2004	17147612
reduced folate supply as a key to enhanced l-serine production by corynebacterium glutamicum.	the amino acid l-serine is required for pharmaceutical purposes, and the availability of a sugar-based microbial process for its production is desirable. however, a number of intracellular utilization routes prevent overproduction of l-serine, with the essential serine hydroxymethyltransferase (shmt) (glya) probably occupying a key position. we found that constructs of corynebacterium glutamicum strains where chromosomal glya expression is dependent on ptac and laciq are unstable, acquiring muta ...	2007	17142381
role of cytochrome bd oxidase from corynebacterium glutamicum in growth and lysine production.	corynebacterium glutamicum possesses two terminal oxidases, cytochrome aa3 and cytochrome bd. cytochrome aa3 forms a supercomplex with the cytochrome bc1 complex, which contains an unusual diheme cytochrome c1. both the bc1 -aa3 supercomplex and cytochrome bd transfer reducing equivalents from menaquinol to oxygen; however, they differ in their proton translocation efficiency by a factor of three. here, we analyzed the role of cytochrome bd for growth and lysine production. when cultivated in gl ...	2007	17142369
microbial community structure and dynamics of dark fire-cured tobacco fermentation.	the italian toscano cigar production includes a fermentation step that starts when dark fire-cured tobacco leaves are moistened and mixed with ca. 20% prefermented tobacco to form a 500-kg bulk. the dynamics of the process, lasting ca. 18 days, has never been investigated in detail, and limited information is available on microbiota involved. here we show that toscano fermentation is invariably associated with the following: (i) an increase in temperature, ph, and total microbial population; (ii ...	2007	17142368
antimicrobial activity of catechol and pyrogallol as allelochemicals.	catechol and pyrogallol are allelochemicals which belong to phenolic compounds synthesized in plants. their antimicrobial activities were investigated on three bacteria (pseudomonas putida, pseudomonas pyocyanea, corynebacterium xerosis) and two fungi (fusarium oxysporum, penicillium italicum) phytopathogenic species as test organisms using the disc diffusion method. both catechol and pyrogallol were found to have antibacterial effects on all the bacteria used in the study at 5 and 10 mm concent ...	2006	17137106
microflora of minimally processed frozen vegetables sold in gaborone, botswana.	two hundred samples of minimally processed, frozen, and prepacked potato chips, peas, corn, and a variety of combined vegetables from supermarkets in gaborone, botswana, were examined microbiologically. determination of aerobic mesophilic plate count, aerobic psychrotrophic plate count, lactic acid bacteria, yeasts and molds, coliforms, listeria spp., and staphylococcus aureus were done. chips had the lowest mean log values for all of the microorganisms enumerated except yeasts and molds. the me ...	2006	17133799
a simple and inexpensive method for investigating microbiological, enzymatic, or inorganic catalysis using standard histology and microbiology laboratory equipment: assembly, mass transfer properties, hydrodynamic conditions and evaluation.	we introduce a generic, simple, and inexpensive method for performing microbiological, enzymatic, or inorganic catalysis with solids using standard histology and microbiology laboratory equipment. histology cassettes were used to standardize hydrodynamic conditions and to protect the catalysts and their solid supports. histology cassettes have the following advantages: they are readily available, inexpensive, solvent and acid resistant, automatable, and the slots in the cassette walls allow liqu ...	2006	17129996
medium optimization by combination of response surface methodology and desirability function: an application in glutamine production.	an optimization strategy based on desirability function approach (dfa) together with response surface methodology (rsm) has been used to optimize production medium in l-glutamine fermentation. fermentation problems often force to reach a compromise between different experimental variables in order to achieve the most suitable strategy applying in industrial production. the importance of the use of multi-objective optimization methods lies in the ability to cope with this kind of problems. a sequ ...	2007	17119957
a study of bovine mastitis, milking procedures and management practices on 25 estonian dairy herds.	mastitis prevalence, milking procedures and management practices were investigated in 25 big dairy herds supplying milk to an estonian dairy company. the aim of the study was to provide information for the company to be used in their new udder health improvement program to be set up after the completion of this study.	2006	17118211
occurrence of clinical mastitis in primiparous estonian dairy cows in different housing conditions.	objectives of the study were to document the impact of some management factors on the occurrence of clinical mastitis in primiparous dairy cows and to identify common udder pathogens of clinical mastitis in freshly calved heifers and multiparous cows on the day of calving.	2006	17118174
ramb, the transcriptional regulator of acetate metabolism in corynebacterium glutamicum, is subject to regulation by rama and ramb.	in corynebacterium glutamicum, the transcriptional regulator ramb negatively controls the expression of genes involved in acetate metabolism. here we show that ramb represses its own expression by direct interaction with a 13-bp motif in the ramb promoter region. additionally, ramb expression is subject to carbon source-dependent positive control by rama.	2007	17114251
activities and survival of endophytic bacteria in white clover (trifolium repens l.).	in this study, the genera, abundance, and activities of endophytic bacteria in field-grown white clover (trifolium repens) and the fate of introduced antibiotic-tolerant bacteria in white clover tissues were investigated. pseudomonas, pantoea, and corynebacterium were the most frequently isolated endophytic bacteria genera, whereas xanthomonas, microbacterium, and cellulomonas occurred less frequently. the average bacterial populations in stolons and roots were approximately 100,000 colony-formi ...	2006	17110977
images in clinical medicine. minocycline-induced hyperpigmentation.		2006	17108338
multiple gene duplication and rapid evolution in the groel gene: functional implications.	the chaperonins, groel and groes, are present ubiquitously and provide a paradigm in the understanding of assisted protein folding. due to its essentiality of function, groel exhibits high sequence conservation across species. complete genome sequencing has shown the occurrence of duplicate or multiple copies of groel genes in bacteria such as mycobacterium tuberculosis and corynebacterium glutamicum. monophyly of each bacterial clade in the phylogenetic tree generated for the groel protein sugg ...	2006	17103057
cluster of invasive infections, including endocarditis, caused by nontoxigenic corynebacterium diphtheriae.		2006	17100042
successful use of sodium hypochlorite pack plus systemic and local antibiotic therapy for the treatment of pseudomonas infection of peritoneal dialysis catheter exit-site.	peritoneal catheter exit-site and tunnel infections remain critical problems in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis. catheter-related peritonitis occurs in about 20% of patients and exit-site infections are responsible for catheter removal in more than one-fifth of the cases. for the last 2 years in the department of nephrology, san bortolo hospital, vicenza, italy, we have been treating exit-site infections caused by pseudomonas with sodium hypochlorite packs as well as systemic and local a ...	2007	17099307
bacterial diversity in aortic aneurysms determined by 16s ribosomal rna gene analysis.	aortic aneurysms are common vascular conditions that cause considerable morbidity and mortality. understanding of the mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of the condition remains limited. recently, infection has been suggested as possible contributor in the development of the disease. the aim of the present study was to examine aortic aneurysms for the presence of bacterial dna using polymerase chain reaction (pcr) targeting the 16s ribosomal rna (rrna) gene, followed by cloning and sequenci ...	2006	17098542
diatomic ligand discrimination by the heme oxygenases from neisseria meningitidis and pseudomonas aeruginosa.	heme oxygenases have an increased binding affinity for o2 relative to co. such discrimination is critical to the function of ho enzymes because one of the main products of heme catabolism is co. kinetic studies of mammalian and bacterial ho proteins reveal a significant decrease in the dissociation rate of o2 relative to other heme proteins such as myoglobin. here we report the kinetic rate constants for the binding of o2 and co by the heme oxygenases from neisseria meningitidis (nmho) and pseud ...	2007	17095508