Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| antagonistic interplay between microrna-155 and il-10 during lyme carditis and arthritis. | microrna-155 has been shown to play a role in immune activation and inflammation, and is suppressed by il-10, an important anti-inflammatory cytokine. the established involvement of il-10 in the murine model of borrelia burgdorferi-induced lyme arthritis and carditis allowed us to assess the interplay between il-10 and mir-155 in vivo. as reported previously, mir155 was highly upregulated in joints from infected severely arthritic b6 il10-/- mice, but not in mildly arthritic b6 mice. in infected ... | 2015 | 26252010 |
| noncoding rnas and chronic inflammation: micro-managing the fire within. | inflammatory responses are essential for the clearance of pathogens and the repair of injured tissues; however, if these responses are not properly controlled chronic inflammation can occur. chronic inflammation is now recognized as a contributing factor to many age-associated diseases including metabolic disorders, arthritis, neurodegeneration, and cardiovascular disease. due to the connection between chronic inflammation and these diseases, it is essential to understand underlying mechanisms b ... | 2015 | 26249326 |
| persister development by borrelia burgdorferi populations in vitro. | doxycycline is an antibiotic commonly used to treat lyme disease and other bacterial infections. the mic and minimum bactericidal concentration (mbc) for borrelia burgdorferi have been investigated by different groups but were experimentally established in this study as a function of input cell density. we demonstrated that b. burgdorferi treated in the stationary phase has a higher probability of regrowth following removal of antibiotic. in addition, we determined experimentally and mathematica ... | 2015 | 26248368 |
| interdisciplinarity and infectious diseases: an ebola case study. | 2015 | 26247831 | |
| middle region of the borrelia burgdorferi surface-located protein 1 (lmp1) interacts with host chondroitin-6-sulfate and independently facilitates infection. | borrelia burgdorferi surface-located membrane protein 1, also known as lmp1, has been shown to play critical roles in pathogen evasion of host-acquired immune defences, thereby facilitating persistent infection. lmp1 possesses three regions representing potentially discrete domains: lmp1n, lmp1m and lmp1c. because of its insignificant homology to known proteins, how lmp1 or its specific regions contribute to microbial biology and infection remains enigmatic. here, we show that distinct from lmp1 ... | 2015 | 26247174 |
| middle region of the borrelia burgdorferi surface-located protein 1 (lmp1) interacts with host chondroitin-6-sulfate and independently facilitates infection. | borrelia burgdorferi surface-located membrane protein 1, also known as lmp1, has been shown to play critical roles in pathogen evasion of host-acquired immune defences, thereby facilitating persistent infection. lmp1 possesses three regions representing potentially discrete domains: lmp1n, lmp1m and lmp1c. because of its insignificant homology to known proteins, how lmp1 or its specific regions contribute to microbial biology and infection remains enigmatic. here, we show that distinct from lmp1 ... | 2015 | 26247174 |
| opposite and coordinated rotation of amphitrichous flagella governs oriented swimming and reversals in a magnetotactic spirillum. | current knowledge regarding the mechanism that governs flagellar motor rotation in response to environmental stimuli stems mainly from the study of monotrichous and peritrichous bacteria. little is known about how two polar flagella, one at each cell pole of the so-called amphitrichous bacterium, are coordinated to steer the swimming. here we fluorescently labeled the flagella of magnetospirillum magneticum amb-1 cells and took advantage of the magnetically controllable swimming of this bacteriu ... | 2015 | 26240070 |
| a systems biology approach for diagnostic and vaccine antigen discovery in tropical infectious diseases. | there is a need for improved diagnosis and for more rapidly assessing the presence, prevalence, and spread of newly emerging or reemerging infectious diseases. an approach to the pathogen-detection strategy is based on analyzing host immune response to the infection. this review focuses on a protein microarray approach for this purpose. | 2015 | 26237545 |
| lyme disease: knowledge and practices of family practitioners in southern quebec. | public health authorities in quebec have responded to the progressive emergence of lyme disease (ld) with surveillance activities and education for family physicians (fps) who are key actors in both vigilance and case management. | 2015 | 26236357 |
| detection of anaplasma phagocytophilum in ixodes ricinus ticks from norway using a realtime pcr assay targeting the anaplasma citrate synthase gene glta. | a taqman real-time pcr assay targeting the anaplasma citrate synthase gene, glta, was developed and used for detection of anaplasma phagocytophilum in 765 ixodes ricinus ticks collected from dogs and cats in northern norway (n = 669) and telemark county in southern norway (n = 96). | 2015 | 26231851 |
| translation elongation factor tuf of acinetobacter baumannii is a plasminogen-binding protein. | acinetobacter baumannii is an important nosocomial pathogen, causing a variety of opportunistic infections of the skin, soft tissues and wounds, urinary tract infections, secondary meningitis, pneumonia and bacteremia. over 63% of a. baumannii infections occurring in the united states are caused by multidrug resistant isolates, and pan-resistant isolates have begun to emerge that are resistant to all clinically relevant antibiotics. the complement system represents the first line of defense agai ... | 2015 | 26230848 |
| parsonage-turner syndrome. | to describe the clinical, electrophysiological and imaging findings from parsonage-turner syndrome and evaluate the results from conservative treatment. | 2015 | 26229940 |
| molecular detection of zoonotic tick-borne pathogens from ticks collected from ruminants in four south african provinces. | ticks carry and transmit a remarkable array of pathogens including bacteria, protozoa and viruses, which may be of veterinary and/or of medical significance. with little to no information regarding the presence of tick-borne zoonotic pathogens or their known vectors in southern africa, the aim of our study was to screen for anaplasma phagocytophilum, borrelia burgdorferi, coxiella burnetii, rickettsia species and ehrlichia ruminantium in ticks collected and identified from ruminants in the easte ... | 2015 | 26227797 |
| incidence and patterns of extended-course antibiotic therapy in patients evaluated for lyme disease. | most patients with lyme disease (ld) can be treated effectively with 2-4 weeks of antibiotics. the infectious disease society of america guidelines do not currently recommend extended treatment even in patients with persistent symptoms. | 2015 | 26223992 |
| flexible linker modulates glycosaminoglycan affinity of decorin binding protein a. | decorin binding protein a (dbpa) is a glycosaminoglycan (gag)-binding adhesin found on the surface of the bacterium borrelia burgdorferi (b. burgdorferi), the causative agent of lyme disease. dbpa facilitates bacterial adherence to extracellular matrices of human tissues and is crucial during the early stage of the infection process. interestingly, dbpa from different strains (b31, n40, and pbr) show significant differences in gag affinities, but the structural basis for the differences is not c ... | 2015 | 26223367 |
| the positive predictive value of lyme elisa for the diagnosis of lyme disease in children. | by using a lyme enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), we demonstrated that high elisa index values are strongly predictive of lyme disease. in children with clinical presentations consistent with lyme disease, elisa index values ≥3.0 had a positive predictive value of 99.4% (95% confidence interval: 98.1-99.8%) for lyme disease, making a supplemental western immunoblot potentially unnecessary. | 2015 | 26222064 |
| seroprevalence of lyme disease and associated risk factors in rural population of beijing. | a seroepidemiological survey of 801 local residents from 28 villages was conducted to assess the seroprevalence of lyme disease and to identify the risk factors of becoming seropositive for lyme disease in the northern suburb of beijing. forty-one serum samples were positive for igg against b burgdorferi and the seroprevalence was 5.1% (41/801), indicating that lyme disease is endemic in the rural population. in the multivariable analysis, sowing and harvesting in summer (or, 2.377, 95% ci, 1.23 ... | 2015 | 26221360 |
| association of immune response to endothelial cell growth factor with early disseminated and late manifestations of lyme disease but not posttreatment lyme disease syndrome. | endothelial cell growth factor has been recently proposed as a potential autoantigen in manifestations of lyme disease that are thought to involve immune-mediated mechanisms. our findings indicate that a humoral immune response to this protein is not associated with posttreatment lyme disease syndrome. | 2015 | 26219695 |
| glia in the cytokine-mediated onset of depression: fine tuning the immune response. | major depressive disorder (mdd) is a mood disorder of multifactorial origin affecting millions of people worldwide. the alarming estimated rates of prevalence and relapse make it a global public health concern. moreover, the current setback of available antidepressants in the clinical setting is discouraging. therefore, efforts to eradicate depression should be directed towards understanding the pathomechanisms involved in the hope of finding cost-effective treatment alternatives. the pathophysi ... | 2015 | 26217190 |
| serological signature of tick-borne pathogens in scandinavian brown bears over two decades. | anthropogenic disturbances are changing the geographic distribution of ticks and tick-borne diseases. over the last few decades, the tick ixodes ricinus has expanded its range and abundance considerably in northern europe. concurrently, the incidence of tick-borne diseases, such as lyme borreliosis and tick-borne encephalitis, has increased in the human populations of the scandinavian countries. | 2015 | 26215889 |
| lyme neuroborreliosis-epidemiology, diagnosis and management. | lyme disease, caused by the borrelia burgdorferi bacterium, is the most common vector-borne disease in the northern hemisphere. the clinical presentation varies with disease stage, and neurological manifestations (often referred to as lyme neuroborreliosis) are reported in up to 12% of patients with lyme disease. most aspects of the epidemiology, clinical manifestation and treatment of lyme neuroborreliosis are well known and accepted; only the management of so-called chronic lyme disease is sur ... | 2015 | 26215621 |
| application of multiplexing technology to the analysis of the intrathecally released immunoglobulins against b. burgdorferi antigens in neuroborreliosis. | lyme neuroborreliosis (lnb) is an infectious disease of the nervous system caused by the tick-borne spirochete borrelia burgdorferi. the presence of b. burgdorferi specific antibodies in cerebrospinal fluid (csf), with evidence of intrathecal production, is the traditional diagnostic standard, although has limitations it such as low sensitivity in the very early phase. in the current study, 27 patients with possible neuroborreliosis suffered from clinically defined bannwarth syndrome. the contro ... | 2015 | 26210581 |
| biofilm formation by borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato. | bacterial biofilms are microbial communities held together by an extracellular polymeric substance matrix predominantly composed of polysaccharides, proteins and nucleic acids. we had previously shown that borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, the causative organism of lyme disease in the united states is capable of forming biofilms in vitro. here, we investigated biofilm formation by b. afzelii and b. garinii, which cause lyme disease in europe. using various histochemistry and microscopy techniq ... | 2015 | 26208529 |
| major histocompatibility complex class ii dextramers: new tools for the detection of antigen-specific, cd4 t cells in basic and clinical research. | the advent of major histocompatibility complex (mhc) tetramer technology has been a major contribution to t cell immunology, because tetramer reagents permit detection of antigen-specific t cells at the single-cell level in heterogeneous populations by flow cytometry. however, unlike mhc class i tetramers, the utility of mhc class ii tetramers has been less frequently reported. mhc class ii tetramers can be used successfully to enumerate the frequencies of antigen-specific cd4 t cells in cells a ... | 2015 | 26207337 |
| [lyme disease: where is the controversy?]. | 2016 | 26206702 | |
| critical review of studies trying to evaluate the treatment of chronic lyme disease. | 2016 | 26206701 | |
| a high frequency of viral agents yet absence of borrelia burgdorferi is seen within the myocardium of subjects with normal left ventricular systolic function: an electron microscopy study. | a wide range of viral agents is associated with the development of acute myocarditis and its possible chronic sequela, dilated cardiomyopathy (dcm). there is also increasing evidence that borrelia burgdorferi (bb) is associated with dcm in endemic regions for bb infection. this study sought to use electron microscopy to prospectively analyze the presence of viruses and bb within the myocardium of 40 subjects with preserved left ventricular (lv) ejection fraction and 40 patients with new-onset un ... | 2016 | 26205424 |
| comparison of effectiveness of cefovecin, doxycycline, and amoxicillin for the treatment of experimentally induced early lyme borreliosis in dogs. | while koch's postulates have been fulfilled for lyme disease; causing transient fever, anorexia and arthritis in young dogs; treatment of sero-positive dogs, especially asymptomatic animals, remains a topic of debate. to complicate this matter the currently recommended antibiotic treatments of lyme disease in dogs caused by borrelia burgdorferi require daily oral administrations for 31 days or longer, which makes non-compliance a concern. additionally, there is no approved veterinary antimicrobi ... | 2015 | 26205247 |
| identification of the minimal cytolytic unit for streptolysin s and an expansion of the toxin family. | streptolysin s (sls) is a cytolytic virulence factor produced by the human pathogen streptococcus pyogenes and other streptococcus species. related "sls-like" toxins have been characterized in select strains of clostridium and listeria, with homologous clusters bioinformatically identified in a variety of other species. sls is a member of the thiazole/oxazole-modified microcin (tomm) family of natural products. the structure of sls has yet to be deciphered and many questions remain regarding its ... | 2015 | 26204951 |
| complete genome sequence and description of salinispira pacifica gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel spirochaete isolated form a hypersaline microbial mat. | during a study of the anaerobic microbial community of a lithifying hypersaline microbial mat of lake 21 on the kiritimati atoll (kiribati republic, central pacific) strain l21-rpul-d2(t) was isolated. the closest phylogenetic neighbor was spirochaeta africana z-7692(t) that shared a 16s rrna gene sequence identity value of 90% with the novel strain and thus was only distantly related. a comprehensive polyphasic study including determination of the complete genome sequence was initiated to chara ... | 2015 | 26203324 |
| small lymphocytic lymphoma with florid perniosis-like features: a case report. | small lymphocytic lymphoma is a relatively rare b-cell non-hodgkin lymphoma that is considered to be the tissue equivalent of the much more common entity chronic lymphocytic leukemia. cutaneous manifestations of small lymphocytic lymphoma are infrequent and the literature regarding them sparse. we describe here a case of a patient with a history of small lymphocytic lymphoma who developed perniosis-like features of the digits. | 2015 | 26201725 |
| detection and categorization of bacteria habitats using shallow linguistic analysis. | information regarding bacteria biotopes is important for several research areas including health sciences, microbiology, and food processing and preservation. one of the challenges for scientists in these domains is the huge amount of information buried in the text of electronic resources. developing methods to automatically extract bacteria habitat relations from the text of these electronic resources is crucial for facilitating research in these areas. | 2015 | 26201262 |
| association between periodontitis and alzheimer's disease. | alzheimer's disease (ad) is a neurodegenerative disease which significantly increases with age. its onset can be either early or late. ad is characterized by the salient inflammatory features, microglial activation, and increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines which contribute to the inflammatory status of the central nervous system (cns). whereas, periodontitis is a common oral infection associated with the gram negative anaerobic bacteria. periodontitis can be marked as a "low-grade syste ... | 2015 | 26199919 |
| erratum for martin et al., phylogenomic identification of regulatory sequences in bacteria: an analysis of statistical power and an application to borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato. | 2015 | 26199331 | |
| heterogeneity of borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto population and its involvement in borrelia pathogenicity: study on murine model with specific emphasis on the skin interface. | lyme disease is a multisystemic disorder caused by b. burgdorferi sl. the molecular basis for specific organ involvement is poorly understood. the skin plays a central role in the development of lyme disease as the entry site of b. burgdorferi in which specific clones are selected before dissemination. we compared the skin inflammatory response (antimicrobial peptides, cytokines and chemokines) elicited by spirochete populations recovered from patients presenting different clinical manifestation ... | 2015 | 26197047 |
| infections with candidatus neoehrlichia mikurensis and cytokine responses in 2 persons bitten by ticks, sweden. | the prevalence of candidatus neoehrlichia mikurensis infection was determined in 102 persons bitten by ticks in sweden. two infected women had erythematous rashes; 1 was co-infected with a borrelia sp., and the other showed seroconversion for anaplasma phagocytophilum. both patients had increased levels of neoehrlichia dna and serum cytokines for several months. | 2015 | 26197035 |
| geographic distribution and expansion of human lyme disease, united states. | lyme disease occurs in specific geographic regions of the united states. we present a method for defining high-risk counties based on observed versus expected number of reported human lyme disease cases. applying this method to successive periods shows substantial geographic expansion of counties at high risk for lyme disease. | 2015 | 26196670 |
| lessons in fundamental mechanisms and diverse adaptations from the 2015 bacterial locomotion and signal transduction meeting. | in response to rapid changes in their environment, bacteria control a number of processes, including motility, cell division, biofilm formation, and virulence. research presented in january 2015 at the biennial bacterial locomotion and signal transduction (blast) meeting in tucson, az, illustrates the elegant complexity of the nanoarrays, nanomachines, and networks of interacting proteins that mediate such processes. studies employing an array of biophysical, genetic, cell biology, and mathemati ... | 2015 | 26195592 |
| poor positive predictive value of lyme disease serologic testing in an area of low disease incidence. | lyme disease is diagnosed by 2-tiered serologic testing in patients with a compatible clinical illness, but the significance of positive test results in low-prevalence regions has not been investigated. | 2015 | 26195017 |
| climate change, drought and human health in canada. | droughts have been recorded all across canada and have had significant impacts on individuals and communities. with climate change, projections suggest an increasing risk of drought in canada, particularly in the south and interior. however, there has been little research on the impacts of drought on human health and the implications of a changing climate. a review of the canadian, u.s. and international literature relevant to the canadian context was conducted to better define these impacts and ... | 2015 | 26193300 |
| isolation and characterization of borrelia burgdorferi strains from ixodes ricinus ticks in the southern england. | lyme disease is a bacterial infection caused by the spiral-shaped bacterium borrelia burgdorferi. we investigated the presence and prevalence of borrelia species in ticks from the southern england. | 2015 | 26191500 |
| tick bite granuloma: recommendations for surgical treatment. | tick bite is known as a possible cause of some infectious diseases such as lyme disease, spotted fever and related illnesses. the reaction to a tick bite may persist for several months to several years and can sometimes cause histopathological granuloma. the long-term reaction to salivary extracts from the tick could be responsible for development of granuloma in our patient. we recommended complete resection as the only sure way to treat formed granuloma. | 2015 | 26190898 |
| lyme disease manifestations in the foot and ankle: a retrospective case series. | lyme disease is the result of borrelia burgdorferi bacterial infection after exposure from a tick bite. a pathognomonic finding in early-stage lyme disease is an expanding, red macular ring known as erythema migrans. lyme arthritis is a late-stage manifestation of this disease, affecting the large, weightbearing joints with intermittent pain and swelling. the existing data on lyme disease and subsequent arthritis have reported manifestations in the lower extremity, primarily in the knee and ankl ... | 2016 | 26190776 |
| modulation of host immunity by tick saliva. | next generation sequencing and proteomics have helped to comprehensively characterize gene expression in tick salivary glands at both the transcriptome and the proteome level. functional data are, however, lacking. given that tick salivary secretions are critical to the success of the tick transmission lifecycle and, as a consequence, for host colonization by the pathogens they spread, we thoroughly review here the literature on the known interactions between tick saliva (or tick salivary gland ... | 2015 | 26189360 |
| effects of temperature on feeding duration, success, and efficiency of larval western black-legged ticks (acari: ixodidae) on western fence lizards. | the western black-legged tick (ixodes pacificus) is a common tick species throughout the western usa and is the major vector for borrelia burgdorferi, the lyme disease causing bacterium. western fence lizards (sceloporus occidentalis) are a major host for juvenile i. pacificus, but are incompetent hosts for b. burgdorferi, which makes this host-parasite relationship of particular interest. in order to shed further light on this complex host-parasite relationship, we investigated the effects of t ... | 2015 | 26188858 |
| recognition of and prompt treatment for tick-borne infections in children. | tick-borne infections create diagnostic challenges because they tend to present with nonspecific findings. because clinicians often fail to recognize tick-borne illnesses in early stages, therapy is frequently delayed or omitted. this is especially problematic for rickettsial infections (rocky mountain spotted fever, ehrlichiosis, and anaplasmosis), because the risk of long-term morbidity and mortality increases with delayed treatment. we emphasize the need for clinicians to maintain a high inde ... | 2015 | 26188606 |
| low risk of seroconversion or clinical disease in humans after a bite by an anaplasma phagocytophilum-infected tick. | the risk of contracting human granulocytic anaplasmosis (hga) after a tick bite is mainly unknown. in this study we investigated the clinical and serological response in 30 humans bitten by ticks positive for anaplasma phagocytophilum (group a), 30 humans bitten by borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s.l.)-positive ticks (group b), and 30 humans bitten by ticks negative for both a. phagocytophilum and b. burgdorferi s.l. (group c). ticks, blood samples and questionnaires were collected from tick-bi ... | 2015 | 26187418 |
| borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato-infected ixodes ricinus collected from vegetation near the arctic circle. | this is the first study to determine the density of questing ixodes ricinus in northern norway. it was performed at two sites in brønnøy, which has been known for its tick permissive habitats for decades and is one of the northernmost habitats with an abundant i. ricinus population in the world. from april to november 2011, all stages of host-seeking i. ricinus were collected from the two sites. the overall prevalence of nymphs infected with borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato was 21% and that of ad ... | 2015 | 26187417 |
| salmonella infection drives promiscuous b cell activation followed by extrafollicular affinity maturation. | the b cell response to salmonella typhimurium (stm) occurs massively at extrafollicular sites, without notable germinal centers (gcs). little is known in terms of its specificity. to expand the knowledge of antigen targets, we screened plasmablast (pb)-derived monoclonal antibodies (mabs) for salmonella specificity, using elisa, flow cytometry, and antigen microarray. only a small fraction (0.5%-2%) of the response appeared to be salmonella-specific. yet, infection of mice with limited b cell re ... | 2015 | 26187411 |
| annexin a2 is a target of autoimmune t and b cell responses associated with synovial fibroblast proliferation in patients with antibiotic-refractory lyme arthritis. | in this study, autoantibody responses to annexin a2 were found in 11-15% of 278 patients with lyme disease, including in those with erythema migrans (em), an early sign of the illness, and in those with antibiotic-responsive or antibiotic-refractory lyme arthritis (la), a late disease manifestation. in contrast, robust t cell reactivity to annexin a2 peptides was found only in patients with responsive or refractory la. in la patients, annexin a2 protein levels, which were higher in the refractor ... | 2015 | 26187145 |
| nuclease tudor-sn is involved in tick dsrna-mediated rna interference and feeding but not in defense against flaviviral or anaplasma phagocytophilum rickettsial infection. | tudor staphylococcal nuclease (tudor-sn) and argonaute (ago) are conserved components of the basic rna interference (rnai) machinery with a variety of functions including immune response and gene regulation. the rnai machinery has been characterized in tick vectors of human and animal diseases but information is not available on the role of tudor-sn in tick rnai and other cellular processes. our hypothesis is that tick tudor-sn is part of the rnai machinery and may be involved in innate immune r ... | 2015 | 26186700 |
| glycolysis for microbiome generation. | for a generation of microbiologists who study pathogenesis in the context of the human microbiome, understanding the diversity of bacterial metabolism is essential. in this chapter, i briefly describe how and why i became, and remain, interested in metabolism. i then will describe and compare some of the strategies used by bacteria to consume sugars as one example of metabolic diversity. i will end with a plea to embrace metabolism in the endeavor to understand pathogenesis. | 2015 | 26185089 |
| borrelia burgdorferi: carbon metabolism and the tick-mammal enzootic cycle. | borrelia burgdorferi, the spirochetal agent of lyme disease, is a zoonotic pathogen that is maintained in a natural cycle that typically involves mammalian reservoir hosts and a tick vector of the ixodes species. during each stage of the enzootic cycle, b. burgdorferi is exposed to environments that differ in temperature, ph, small molecules, and most important, nutrient sources. b. burgdorferi has a highly restricted metabolic capacity because it does not contain a tricarboxylic acid cycle, oxi ... | 2015 | 26185064 |
| an insight into the functional role of thioredoxin reductase, a selenoprotein, in maintaining normal native microbiota in the gulf coast tick (amblyomma maculatum). | tick selenoproteins have been associated with antioxidant activity in ticks. thioredoxin reductase (trxr), also a selenoprotein, belongs to the pyridine nucleotide-disulphide oxidoreductase family of proteins and is an important antioxidant. molecular interactions between native microbiota and tick hosts have barely been investigated to date. in this study, we determined the functional role of trxr in tick feeding and in maintenance of the native microbial community. trxr transcript levels remai ... | 2015 | 26184979 |
| uveitis in adults: what do rheumatologists need to know? | rheumatologists may need to establish the etiological diagnosis and handle the therapeutic management of adults with uveitis. to date, no diagnostic strategy for uveitis has been validated by prospective studies. investigations are selected based on the clinical features and on the anatomic location of the ocular abnormalities. infections such as syphilis, lyme disease, tuberculosis, and whipple's disease may cause uveitis, with concomitant joint inflammation in a few cases. in patients with a k ... | 2015 | 26184541 |
| efficacy of a proprietary formulation of fipronil/(s)-methoprene/cyphenothrin against ixodes scapularis tick infestations on dogs. | efficacy of frontline tritak for dogs (fipronil/(s)-methoprene/cyphenothrin, merial, inc., duluth, ga) against ixodes scapularis was evaluated in two separate, but concurrent laboratory studies. | 2015 | 26182973 |
| the borrelia afzelii outer membrane protein bapko_0422 binds human factor-h and is predicted to form a membrane-spanning β-barrel. | the deep evolutionary history of the spirochetes places their branch point early in the evolution of the diderms, before the divergence of the present day proteobacteria. as a spirochete, the morphology of the borrelia cell envelope shares characteristics of both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. a thin layer of peptidoglycan, tightly associated with the cytoplasmic membrane, is surrounded by a more labile outer membrane (om). this om is rich in lipoproteins but with few known integral m ... | 2015 | 26181365 |
| disparities in reportable communicable disease incidence by census tract-level poverty, new york city, 2006-2013. | we described disparities in selected communicable disease incidence across area-based poverty levels in new york city, an area with more than 8 million residents and pronounced household income inequality. | 2015 | 26180961 |
| acylation of biomolecules in prokaryotes: a widespread strategy for the control of biological function and metabolic stress. | acylation of biomolecules (e.g., proteins and small molecules) is a process that occurs in cells of all domains of life and has emerged as a critical mechanism for the control of many aspects of cellular physiology, including chromatin maintenance, transcriptional regulation, primary metabolism, cell structure, and likely other cellular processes. although this review focuses on the use of acetyl moieties to modify a protein or small molecule, it is clear that cells can use many weak organic aci ... | 2015 | 26179745 |
| evidence of anaplasma phagocytophilum and borrelia burgdorferi infection in cats after exposure to wild-caught adult ixodes scapularis. | cats are infected by anaplasma phagocytophilum and borrelia burgdorferi when exposed to infected ixodes scapularis (black-legged ticks). the purpose of our study was to allow wild-caught i. scapularis to feed on healthy research cats (n = 4) and temporally evaluate for a. phagocytophilum dna in blood by a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay as well as for antibody responses to the b. burgdorferi c6 peptide, to the a. phagocytophilum p44 peptide, and to a novel a. phagocytophilum peptide (p44-4 ... | 2015 | 26179101 |
| ileal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma presenting with small bowel obstruction: a case report. | extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (malt lymphoma) of the gastrointestinal tract commonly involves the stomach in the setting of concurrent helicobacter pylori (h. pylori) infection. primary ileal malt lymphoma is rare, and has not been associated with a specific infectious disease. we report a case of a 58-year-old man who presented to the emergency department with constipation and abdominal distension, and signs of an obstructing mass on computed tomography ... | 2015 | 26178711 |
| role of group 1 cd1-restricted t cells in infectious disease. | the evolutionarily conserved cd1 family of antigen-presenting molecules presents lipid antigens rather than peptide antigens to t cells. cd1 molecules, unlike classical mhc molecules, display limited polymorphism, making cd1-restricted lipid antigens attractive vaccine targets that could be recognized in a genetically diverse human population. group 1 cd1 (cd1a, cd1b, and cd1c)-restricted t cells have been implicated to play critical roles in a variety of autoimmune and infectious diseases. in t ... | 2015 | 26175733 |
| sinus pause in association with lyme carditis. | lyme disease is the most prevalent tick-borne disease in the united states. it is caused by the spirochete borrelia burgdorferi. cardiac involvement is seen in 4% to 10% of patients with lyme disease. the principal manifestation of lyme carditis is self-limited conduction system disease, with predominant involvement of the atrioventricular node. on rare occasions, lyme carditis patients present with other conduction system disorders such as bundle branch block, intraventricular conduction delay, ... | 2015 | 26175640 |
| tick bites in the lyme light. | 2015 | 26175558 | |
| β-glucuronidase, a regulator of lyme arthritis severity, modulates lysosomal trafficking and mmp-9 secretion in response to inflammatory stimuli. | the lysosomal enzyme β-glucuronidase (gusb) is a key regulator of lyme-associated and k/b×n-induced arthritis severity. the luminal enzymes present in lysosomes provide essential catabolic functions for the homeostatic degradation of a variety of macromolecules. in addition to this essential catabolic function, lysosomes play important roles in the inflammatory response following infection. secretory lysosomes and related vesicles can participate in the inflammatory response through fusion with ... | 2015 | 26170381 |
| coupling of diversification and ph adaptation during the evolution of terrestrial thaumarchaeota. | the thaumarchaeota is an abundant and ubiquitous phylum of archaea that plays a major role in the global nitrogen cycle. previous analyses of the ammonia monooxygenase gene amoa suggest that ph is an important driver of niche specialization in these organisms. although the ecological distribution and ecophysiology of extant thaumarchaeota have been studied extensively, the evolutionary rise of these prokaryotes to ecological dominance in many habitats remains poorly understood. to characterize p ... | 2015 | 26170282 |
| evaluation of the leptospira species microscopic agglutination test in experimentally vaccinated cats and leptospira species seropositivity in aged azotemic client-owned cats. | the objectives of this study were to validate the microscopic agglutination test (mat) using feline sera, determine cross-reactivity of borrelia burgdorferi antibodies in the mat, and evaluate if there is an association between leptospira species seropositivity in aged (⩾10 years) client-owned cats with and without azotemia (creatinine >2 g/dl). | 2016 | 26170277 |
| subjective health complaints are not associated with tick bites or antibodies to borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in blood donors in western norway: a cross-sectional study. | there is controversy about chronic health consequences of tick-borne infections, especially lyme borreliosis. this study aims to assess whether general function, physical fitness and subjective health complaints are associated with tick bites or antibodies to borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in blood donors. | 2015 | 26169496 |
| a novel duplex real-time pcr permits simultaneous detection and differentiation of borrelia miyamotoi and borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato. | for simultaneous detection of borrelia miyamotoi (relapsing fever spirochete) and borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, we have developed a duplex real-time pcr targeting the flagellin gene (flab; p41), a locus frequently used in routine diagnostic pcr for b. burgdorferi s.l. detection. | 2016 | 26168860 |
| disorders of the lower cranial nerves. | lesions of the lower cranial nerves (lcn) are due to numerous causes, which need to be differentiated to optimize management and outcome. this review aims at summarizing and discussing diseases affecting lcn. review of publications dealing with disorders of the lcn in humans. affection of multiple lcn is much more frequent than the affection of a single lcn. lcn may be affected solely or together with more proximal cranial nerves, with central nervous system disease, or with nonneurological diso ... | 2015 | 26167022 |
| an examination of the demographic and environmental variables correlated with lyme disease emergence in virginia. | lyme disease is the united states' most significant vector-borne illness. virginia, on the southern edge of the disease's currently expanding range, has experienced an increase in lyme disease both spatially and temporally, with steadily increasing rates over the past decade and disease spread from the northern to the southwestern part of the state. this study used a geographic information system and a spatial poisson regression model to examine correlations between demographic and land cover va ... | 2015 | 26163019 |
| patterns of tick infestation and their borrelia burgdorferi s.l. infection in wild birds in portugal. | wild birds may act as reservoirs for zoonotic pathogens and may be mechanical carriers of pathogen infected vector ticks through long distances during migration. the aim of this study was to assess tick infestation patterns in birds in portugal and the prevalence of tick infection by borrelia burgdorferi s.l. using pcr techniques. seven tick species were collected from birds including haemaphysalis punctata, hyalomma spp., ixodes acuminatus, ixodes arboricola, ixodes frontalis, ixodes ricinus an ... | 2015 | 26159798 |
| comparative metagenomic profiling of symbiotic bacterial communities associated with ixodes persulcatus, ixodes pavlovskyi and dermacentor reticulatus ticks. | ixodes persulcatus, ixodes pavlovskyi, and dermacentor reticulatus ticks inhabiting western siberia are responsible for the transmission of a number of etiological agents that cause human and animal tick-borne diseases. because these ticks are abundant in the suburbs of large cities, agricultural areas, and popular tourist sites and frequently attack people and livestock, data regarding the microbiomes of these organisms are required. using metagenomic 16s profiling, we evaluate bacterial commun ... | 2015 | 26154300 |
| interferon-α curbs production of interleukin-22 by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells exposed to live borrelia burgdorferi. | cytokine networks initiated by means of innate immunity are regarded as a major determinant of host defence in response to acute infection by bacteria including borrelia burgdorferi. herein, we demonstrate that interferon (ifn)-α, either endogenously produced after exposure of cells to toll-like receptor-9-activating cpg oligonucleotides or provided as recombinant cytokine, weakens activation of the anti-bacterial interleukin (il)-1/il-22 axis in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells exposed ... | 2015 | 26152778 |
| current surveys of the seroprevalence of borrelia burgdorferi, ehrlichia canis, anaplasma phagocytophilum, leishmania infantum, babesia canis, angiostrongylus vasorum and dirofilaria immitis in dogs in bulgaria. | canine vector-borne diseases (cvbds) have increasingly become a focus of interest in recent years. some of the cvbds are zoonotic and may therefore also represent a risk for the human population. different factors are in discussion to explain the expansion of vectors and pathogens into formerly unaffected areas. knowledge of the prevalence and distribution of cvbds in bulgaria is scant overall and most data rely on single case descriptions. the aim of the present study was to determine the serop ... | 2015 | 26152413 |
| tick-borne diseases (borreliosis, anaplasmosis, babesiosis) in german and austrian dogs: status quo and review of distribution, transmission, clinical findings, diagnostics and prophylaxis. | tick-borne diseases (tbd) in dogs have gained in significance in german and austrian veterinary practices. the widespread european tick species ixodes ricinus represents an important vector for spirochaetes of the borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato group and rickettsiales such as anaplasma phagocytophilum. the meadow or ornate dog tick (dermacentor reticulatus) is an important vector for babesia canis, as is the brown dog tick (rhipicephalus sanguineus) for babesia vogeli in the mediterranean regio ... | 2015 | 26152408 |
| within-host competition between borrelia afzelii ospc strains in wild hosts as revealed by massively parallel amplicon sequencing. | infections frequently consist of more than one strain of a given pathogen. experiments have shown that co-infecting strains often compete, so that the infection intensity of each strain in mixed infections is lower than in single strain infections. such within-host competition can have important epidemiological and evolutionary consequences. however, the extent of competition has rarely been investigated in wild, naturally infected hosts, where there is noise in the form of varying inoculation d ... | 2015 | 26150659 |
| the within-host dynamics of african trypanosome infections. | african trypanosomes are single-celled protozoan parasites that are capable of long-term survival while living extracellularly in the bloodstream and tissues of mammalian hosts. prolonged infections are possible because trypanosomes undergo antigenic variation-the expression of a large repertoire of antigenically distinct surface coats, which allows the parasite population to evade antibody-mediated elimination. the mechanisms by which antigen genes become activated influence their order of expr ... | 2015 | 26150654 |
| borrelia burgdorferi reva significantly affects pathogenicity and host response in the mouse model of lyme disease. | the lyme disease spirochete, borrelia burgdorferi, expresses reva and numerous outer surface lipoproteins during mammalian infection. as an adhesin that promotes bacterial interaction with fibronectin, reva is poised to interact with the extracellular matrix of the host. to further define the role(s) of reva during mammalian infection, we created a mutant that is unable to produce reva. the mutant was still infectious to mice, although it was significantly less well able to infect cardiac tissue ... | 2015 | 26150536 |
| bb0744 affects tissue tropism and spatial distribution of borrelia burgdorferi. | borrelia burgdorferi, the etiologic agent of lyme disease, produces a variety of proteins that promote survival and colonization in both the ixodes species vector and various mammalian hosts. we initially identified bb0744 (also known as p83/100) by screening for b. burgdorferi strain b31 proteins that bind to α1β1 integrin and hypothesized that, given the presence of a signal peptide, bb0744 may be a surface-exposed protein. in contrast to this expectation, localization studies suggested that b ... | 2015 | 26150534 |
| variation in the microbiota of ixodes ticks with regard to geography, species, and sex. | ixodes scapularis is the principal vector of lyme disease on the east coast and in the upper midwest regions of the united states, yet the tick is also present in the southeast, where lyme disease is absent or rare. a closely related species, i. affinis, also carries the pathogen in the south but does not seem to transmit it to humans. in order to better understand the geographic diversity of the tick, we analyzed the microbiota of 104 adult i. scapularis and 13 adult i. affinis ticks captured i ... | 2015 | 26150449 |
| recent and rapid population growth and range expansion of the lyme disease tick vector, ixodes scapularis, in north america. | migration is a primary force of biological evolution that alters allele frequencies and introduces novel genetic variants into populations. recent migration has been proposed as the cause of the emergence of many infectious diseases, including those carried by blacklegged ticks in north america. populations of blacklegged ticks have established and flourished in areas of north america previously thought to be devoid of this species. the recent discovery of these populations of blacklegged ticks ... | 2015 | 26149959 |
| a man with cardiac lyme borreliosis. | 2015 | 26149700 | |
| c6 peptide-based multiplex phosphorescence analysis (phosphan) for serologic confirmation of lyme borreliosis. | a single-tier immunoassay using the c6 peptide of vlse (c6) from borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto (bb) has been proposed as a potential alternative to conventional two-tier testing for the serologic diagnosis of lyme disease in the united states and europe. | 2015 | 26147441 |
| epidemiological situation of lyme borreliosis in belgium, 2003 to 2012. | some studies show that the incidence of lyme borreliosis is increasing in different european countries. in order to evaluate if this is also the case in belgium, different data sources were consulted to describe the epidemiology of lyme borreliosis in the country during the last decade. | 2015 | 26146553 |
| lyme disease: what the wilderness provider needs to know. | lyme disease is a multisystem tickborne illness caused by the spirochete borrelia burgdorferi and is the most common vectorborne disease in the united states. prognosis after initiation of appropriate antibiotic therapy is typically good if treated early. wilderness providers caring for patients who live in or travel to high-incidence lyme disease areas should be aware of the basic biology, epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and treatment of lyme disease. | 2015 | 26141918 |
| comprehensive diagnostics in a case of hereditary diffuse leukodystrophy with spheroids. | hereditary diffuse leukodystrophy with spheroids is a rare type of leukoencephalopathy. mutations in the colony stimulating factor 1 receptor have recently been identified to be the cause of this microgliopathy. clinical and radiological presentation can often misguide physicians during the diagnosis of patients with this underdiagnosed disease. | 2015 | 26141177 |
| eicosanoid storm in infection and inflammation. | controlled immune responses to infection and injury involve complex molecular signalling networks with coordinated and often opposing actions. eicosanoids and related bioactive lipid mediators derived from polyunsaturated fatty acids constitute a major bioactive lipid network that is among the most complex and challenging pathways to map in a physiological context. eicosanoid signalling, similar to cytokine signalling and inflammasome formation, has primarily been viewed as a pro-inflammatory co ... | 2015 | 26139350 |
| [isolated left abducens nerve palsy secondary to lyme disease in an 11-year-old boy]. | 2015 | 26138528 | |
| movement of regulatory rna between animal cells. | recent studies suggest that rna can move from one cell to another and regulate genes through specific base-pairing. mechanisms that modify or select rna for secretion from a cell are unclear. secreted rna can be stable enough to be detected in the extracellular environment and can enter the cytosol of distant cells to regulate genes. mechanisms that import rna into the cytosol of an animal cell can enable uptake of rna from many sources including other organisms. this role of rna is akin to that ... | 2015 | 26138457 |
| suppression of long-lived humoral immunity following borrelia burgdorferi infection. | lyme disease caused by infection with borrelia burgdorferi is an emerging infectious disease and already by far the most common vector-borne disease in the u.s. similar to many other infections, infection with b. burgdorferi results in strong antibody response induction, which can be used clinically as a diagnostic measure of prior exposure. however, clinical studies have shown a sometimes-precipitous decline of such antibodies shortly following antibiotic treatment, revealing a potential defici ... | 2015 | 26136236 |
| detection of lyme disease and q fever agents in wild rodents in central italy. | the maintenance of tick-borne disease agents in the environment strictly depends on the relationship between tick vectors and their hosts, which act as reservoirs for these pathogens. a pilot study aimed to investigate wild rodents as reservoirs for zoonotic tick-borne pathogens (borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s.l.), coxiella burnetii, francisella tularensis, and anaplasma phagocytophilum) was carried out in an area of gran sasso e monti della laga national park (abruzzi region, central italy) ... | 2015 | 26134933 |
| mechanistic insights into metal ion activation and operator recognition by the ferric uptake regulator. | ferric uptake regulator (fur) plays a key role in the iron homeostasis of prokaryotes, such as bacterial pathogens, but the molecular mechanisms and structural basis of fur-dna binding remain incompletely understood. here, we report high-resolution structures of magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense msr-1 fur in four different states: apo-fur, holo-fur, the fur-feoab1 operator complex and the fur-pseudomonas aeruginosa fur box complex. apo-fur is a transition metal ion-independent dimer whose binding ... | 2015 | 26134419 |
| cr3 and dectin-1 collaborate in macrophage cytokine response through association on lipid rafts and activation of syk-jnk-ap-1 pathway. | collaboration between heterogeneous pattern recognition receptors (prrs) leading to synergistic coordination of immune response is important for the host to fight against invading pathogens. although complement receptor 3 (cr3) and dectin-1 are major prrs to detect fungi, crosstalk between these two receptors in antifungal immunity is largely undefined. here we took advantage of histoplasma capsulatum which is known to interact with both cr3 and dectin-1 and specific particulate ligands to study ... | 2015 | 26132276 |
| anti-nmda receptor encephalitis during pregnancy: a case report. | anti-n-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (anti-mmdar) encephalitis is an immune-mediated encephalitis mainly affecting young women.we describe the case of a 21-year-old woman who developed a classical form of anti-nmdar encephalitis during the 10th week of gestation. the patient had been treated with methylpredinsolone and intravenous immunoglobulins. birth history of the child was normal, with normal apgar score. the clinical symptoms of the patient have improved after a few months.this rare occurren ... | 2015 | 26131809 |
| different ecological niches for ticks of public health significance in canada. | tick-borne diseases are a growing public health concern as their incidence and range have increased in recent decades. lyme disease is an emerging infectious disease in canada due to northward expansion of the geographic range of ixodes scapularis, the principal tick vector for the lyme disease agent borrelia burgdorferi, into central and eastern canada. in this study the geographical distributions of ixodid ticks, including i. scapularis, and environmental factors associated with their occurren ... | 2015 | 26131550 |
| the increasing risk of lyme disease in canada. | there is an increasing risk of lyme disease in canada due to range expansion of the tick vector, ixodes scapularis. the objectives of this article are to i) raise public awareness with the help of veterinarians on the emerging and expanding risk of lyme disease across canada, ii) review the key clinical features of lyme disease in dogs, and iii) provide recommendations for veterinarians on the management of lyme disease in dogs. | 2015 | 26130829 |
| intestinal pseudoobstruction caused by chronic lyme neuroborreliosis. a case report. | chronic intestinal pseudoobstruction is often classified as idiopathic. the condition is associated with poor quality of life and high morbidity, and treatment options are often unsatisfactory. a case of chronic intestinal pseudoobstruction in a 66-year-old woman, presenting with back and abdominal pain, urinary retention and severe constipation is described. the patient lived in an area in which lyme disease is endemic and had been bitten by ixodes ticks. intrathecal synthesis of anti-borrelia ... | 2015 | 26130639 |
| lyme disease comparators. | 2015 | 26129755 | |
| role of innate t cells in anti-bacterial immunity. | innate t cells are a heterogeneous group of αβ and γδ t cells that respond rapidly (<2 h) upon activation. these innate t cells also share a non mhc class i or ii restriction requirement for antigen recognition. three major populations within the innate t cell group are recognized, namely, invariant nkt cells, mucosal associated invariant t cells, and gamma delta t cells. these cells recognize foreign/self-lipid presented by non-classical mhc molecules, such as cd1d, mr1, and cd1a. they are acti ... | 2015 | 26124758 |