Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
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| exposure to sub-inhibitory concentrations of cefotaxime enhances the systemic colonization of salmonella typhimurium in balb/c mice. | it has been proposed that sub-inhibitory concentrations of antibiotics play a role in virulence modulation. in this study, we evaluated the ability of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium (hereafter s. typhimurium) to colonize systemically balb/c mice after exposure to a sub-inhibitory concentration of cefotaxime (ctx). in vivo competition assays showed a fivefold increase in systemic colonization of ctx-exposed bacteria when compared to untreated bacteria. to identify the molecular mechanism ... | 2015 | 26468132 |
| population dynamics analysis of ciprofloxacin-persistent s. typhimurium cells in a mouse model for salmonella diarrhea. | in vivo, antibiotics are often surprisingly inefficient at eliminating bacterial pathogens. in the case of ciprofloxacin therapy in a salmonella enterica subspecies 1 serovar typhimurium (s. typhimurium, s. tm) mouse infection model, this has been traced to tolerant bacterial cells surviving in lymph node monocytes (i.e., classical dendritic cells). to analyze the growth characteristics of these persisters, we have developed a population dynamics approach using mixtures of wild-type isogenic tag ... | 2016 | 26468110 |
| genotoxicity, acute and subchronic toxicity studies of nano liposomes of orthosiphon stamineus ethanolic extract in sprague dawley rats. | orthosiphon stamineus (os) benth is a medicinal plant and native in southeast asia. pharmacological effects of os are attributed to the presence of lipophilic flavones. however; lipophilic compounds suffer from poor aqueous solubility which limits the os oral bioavailability and therapeutic applications. therefore, os was prepared in nano formulation form using liposomes from soybean phospholipids. the aim of the present study is to evaluate the in vitro genotoxicity and in vivo oral toxicity of ... | 2015 | 26467526 |
| htpg contributes to salmonella typhimurium intestinal persistence in pigs. | salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar typhimurium (salmonella typhimurium) contamination of pork, is one of the major sources of human salmonellosis. the bacterium is able to persist and hide in asymptomatic carrier animals, generating a reservoir for salmonella transmission to other animals and humans. mechanisms involved in salmonella persistence in pigs remain poorly understood. in the present study, we demonstrate that the salmonella htpg gene, encoding a homologue of the eukaryoti ... | 2015 | 26466674 |
| role of autocleavage in the function of a type iii secretion specificity switch protein in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. | type iii secretion systems (t3sss) are multiprotein machines employed by many gram-negative bacteria to inject bacterial effector proteins into eukaryotic host cells to promote bacterial survival and colonization. the core unit of t3sss is the needle complex, a supramolecular structure that mediates the passage of the secreted proteins through the bacterial envelope. a distinct feature of the t3ss is that protein export occurs in a strictly hierarchical manner in which proteins destined to form ... | 2015 | 26463164 |
| a novel peptidoglycan d,l-endopeptidase induced by salmonella inside eukaryotic cells contributes to virulence. | bacteria remodel peptidoglycan structure in response to environmental changes. many enzymes are involved in peptidoglycan metabolism; however, little is known about their responsiveness in a defined environment or the modes they assist bacteria to adapt to new niches. here, we focused in peptidoglycan enzymes that intracellular bacterial pathogens use inside eukaryotic cells. we identified a peptidoglycan enzyme induced by salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium in fibroblasts and epithelial cel ... | 2016 | 26462856 |
| evaluation of dna binding, radicals scavenging and antimicrobial studies of newly synthesized n-substituted naphthalimides: spectroscopic and molecular docking investigations. | in this study, we investigated a new series of naphthalimide based schiff base compounds as potential dna binding, antioxidant and antimicrobial agents. the structural characterization of synthesized compounds was carried out with the aid of elemental analysis and spectroscopic techniques (uv-vis., ir, (1)h and (13)c nmr). the dna binding properties of target compounds against ct-dna (calf thymus) have been investigated in detail by numerous biophysical techniques (uv-vis, fluorescence, ethidium ... | 2015 | 26462815 |
| effect of biotransformation by liver s9 enzymes on the mutagenicity and cytotoxicity of melanin extracted from aspergillus nidulans. | a mutant that exhibited increased melanin pigment production was isolated from aspergillus nidulans fungus. this pigment has aroused biotechnological interest due to its photoprotector and antioxidant properties. in a recent study, we showed that melanin from a. nidulans also inhibits no and tnf-α production. | 2016 | 26459656 |
| bacterial stimulation of toll-like receptor 4 drives macrophages to hemophagocytose. | during acute infection with bacteria, viruses or parasites, a fraction of macrophages engulf large numbers of red and white blood cells, a process called hemophagocytosis. hemophagocytes persist into the chronic stage of infection and have an anti-inflammatory phenotype. salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium infection of immunocompetent mice results in acute followed by chronic infection, with the accumulation of hemophagocytes. the mechanism(s) that triggers a macrophage to become hemophagocy ... | 2015 | 26459510 |
| crystallization and x-ray analysis of the transcription-activator protein c1 of bacteriophage p22 in complex with the pre promoter element. | the transcription-activator protein c1 of the temperate phage p22 of salmonella typhimurium plays a key role in the lytic versus lysogenic switch of the phage. a homotetramer of 92-residue polypeptides, c1 binds to an approximate direct repeat similar to the transcription activator cii of coliphage λ. despite this and several other similarities, including 57% sequence identity to coliphage cii, many biochemical observations on p22 c1 cannot be explained based on the structure of cii. to understa ... | 2015 | 26457520 |
| short communication: no antimicrobial effects from one source of commercial dried distillers grains with solubles. | because residual antibiotics in dried distillers grains with solubles (ddgs) could lead to inadvertent feeding of antibiotics to animals, the objective of our study was to determine if a commercial ddgs contained antibiotics. the ddgs used in a feeding study, and milk from cows fed the ddgs, were below the detection limits for at least 17 antibiotics. additionally, we evaluated if ddgs had any antimicrobial effect against salmonella typhimurium, listeria innocua, escherichia coli atcc 25922, sta ... | 2015 | 26454305 |
| diversity, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of culturable bacterial endophyte communities in aloe vera. | twenty-nine culturable bacterial endophytes were isolated from surface-sterilized tissues (root, stem and leaf) of aloe vera and molecularly characterized to 13 genera: pseudomonas, bacillus, enterobacter, pantoea, chryseobacterium, sphingobacterium, aeromonas, providencia, cedecea, klebsiella, cronobacter, macrococcus and shigella. the dominant genera include bacillus (20.7%), pseudomonas (20.7%) and enterobacter (13.8%). the crude and ethyl acetate fractions of the metabolites of six isolates, ... | 2015 | 26454221 |
| 5-aminolevulinic acid production in engineered corynebacterium glutamicum via c5 biosynthesis pathway. | ala (5-aminolevulinic acid) is an important intermediate in the synthesis of tetrapyrroles and the use of ala has been gradually increasing in many fields, including medicine and agriculture. in this study, improved biological production of ala in corynebacterium glutamicum was achieved by overexpressing glutamate-initiated c5 pathway. for this purpose, copies of the glutamyl t-rna reductase hema from several bacteria were mutated by site-directed mutagenesis of which a hema version from salmone ... | 2015 | 26453466 |
| the autophagy receptor tax1bp1 and the molecular motor myosin vi are required for clearance of salmonella typhimurium by autophagy. | autophagy plays a key role during salmonella infection, by eliminating these pathogens following escape into the cytosol. in this process, selective autophagy receptors, including the myosin vi adaptor proteins optineurin and ndp52, have been shown to recognize cytosolic pathogens. here, we demonstrate that myosin vi and tax1bp1 are recruited to ubiquitylated salmonella and play a key role in xenophagy. the absence of tax1bp1 causes an accumulation of ubiquitin-positive salmonella, whereas loss ... | 2015 | 26451915 |
| the engineered salmonella typhimurium inhibits tumorigenesis in advanced glioma. | to explore the antitumor role of the attenuated salmonella typhimurium δppgpp with inducible cytolysin a (clya) in advanced stage of glioma. | 2015 | 26451114 |
| three epidemics of invasive multidrug-resistant salmonella bloodstream infection in blantyre, malawi, 1998-2014. | the malawi liverpool wellcome trust clinical research programme (mlw) has routinely collected specimens for blood culture from febrile patients, and cerebrospinal fluid from patients with suspected meningitis, presenting to queen elizabeth central hospital (qech), blantyre, malawi, since 1998. | 2015 | 26449953 |
| salmonella infections in the gambia, 2005-2015. | there are large data gaps in the epidemiology of diseases caused by salmonella enterica in west africa. regional surveillance of salmonella infections is necessary, especially with the emergence and spread of multidrug-resistant clones. | 2015 | 26449952 |
| invasive salmonella infections at multiple surveillance sites in the democratic republic of the congo, 2011-2014. | this study reports the microbiological landscape of salmonella typhi and invasive nontyphoidal salmonella (ints) in the democratic republic of the congo (drc). | 2015 | 26449951 |
| invasive nontyphoidal salmonella infections among children in mali, 2002-2014: microbiological and epidemiologic features guide vaccine development. | in 2002, following establishment of a clinical microbiology laboratory in the government hospital that admits children with severe illnesses in bamako, mali, surveillance to identify pathogens causing invasive bacterial infections (septicemia, bacteremia, meningitis, etc) was initiated. | 2015 | 26449949 |
| epidemiology and genomics of invasive nontyphoidal salmonella infections in kenya. | in kenya, invasive nontyphoidal salmonella (ints) disease causes severe bacteremic illness among adults with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) and especially among children <5 years of age coinfected with hiv or malaria, or who are compromised by sickle cell disease or severe malnutrition. the incidence of ints disease in children ranges from 166 to 568 cases per 100,000 persons per year. | 2015 | 26449947 |
| invasive salmonellosis in kilifi, kenya. | invasive salmonelloses are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in africa, but the incidence and case fatality of each disease vary markedly by region. we aimed to describe the incidence, clinical characteristics, and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of invasive salmonelloses among children and adults in kilifi, kenya. | 2015 | 26449944 |
| incidence of nontyphoidal salmonella in food-producing animals, animal feed, and the associated environment in south africa, 2012-2014. | nontyphoidal salmonellosis continues to pose a global threat to human health, primarily by causing food-borne illnesses, and food-producing animals are the principal reservoirs of many pathogenic serovars. to identify key control points and generate information that may enable future estimation of the transmission routes between the environment, animals, and humans, we examined data on salmonella isolates in south africa. | 2015 | 26449943 |
| clinical and microbiological features of salmonella meningitis in a south african population, 2003-2013. | the clinical and microbiological characteristics of nontyphoidal salmonella (nts) meningitis in south africa, where human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) prevalence is high (approximately 15% in persons ≥15 years of age), were reviewed. | 2015 | 26449942 |
| creation of a putative third metal binding site in type ii dihydroorotases significantly enhances enzyme activity. | dihydroorotase (dhoase) is the third enzyme in the de novo biosynthesis pathway of pyrimidine nucleotides. dhoase is divided into two types (i and ii). type ii dhoase generally contains a binuclear metal center in its active site. recently, the crystal structure of dhoase domain in human cad protein (hudhoase) has revealed three metal ions in the protein's active site. however, whether type ii dhoase can have the critical third metal ion, as observed in hudhoase, remains unknown. in the present ... | 2015 | 26446564 |
| the macrophage-specific promoter mfap4 allows live, long-term analysis of macrophage behavior during mycobacterial infection in zebrafish. | transgenic labeling of innate immune cell lineages within the larval zebrafish allows for real-time, in vivo analyses of microbial pathogenesis within a vertebrate host. to date, labeling of zebrafish macrophages has been relatively limited, with the most specific expression coming from the mpeg1 promoter. however, mpeg1 transcription at both endogenous and transgenic loci becomes attenuated in the presence of intracellular pathogens, including salmonella typhimurium and mycobacterium marinum. h ... | 2015 | 26445458 |
| biosynthesis of histidine. | the biosynthesis of histidine in escherichia coli and salmonella typhimurium has been an important model system for the study of relationships between the flow of intermediates through a biosynthetic pathway and the control of the genes encoding the enzymes that catalyze the steps in a pathway. this article provides a comprehensive review of the histidine biosynthetic pathway and enzymes, including regulation of the flow of intermediates through the pathway and mechanisms that regulate the amoun ... | 2009 | 26443768 |
| glycogen: biosynthesis and regulation. | the accumulation of glycogen occurs in escherichia coli and salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium as well as in many other bacteria. glycogen will be formed when there is an excess of carbon under conditions in which growth is limited due to the lack of a growth nutrient, e.g., a nitrogen source. the structural genes of the glycogen biosynthetic enzymes of e. coli and s. serovar typhimurium have been cloned previously, and that has provided insights in the genetic regulation of glycogen synthe ... | 2009 | 26443753 |
| biosynthesis and use of cobalamin (b12). | this review summarizes research performed over the last 23 years on the genetics, enzyme structures and functions, and regulation of the expression of the genes encoding functions involved in adenosylcobalamin (adocbl, or coenzyme b12) biosynthesis. it also discusses the role of coenzyme b12 in the physiology of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium lt2 and escherichia coli. john roth's seminal contributions to the field of coenzyme b12 biosynthesis research brought the power of classical and ... | 2008 | 26443728 |
| magnesium transport and magnesium homeostasis. | this review reviews the properties and regulation of the salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium and escherichia coli transporters that mediate mg2+ influx: cora and the mgt p-type atpases. in addition, potential mg2+ regulation of transcription and translation, largely via the phopq two component system, is discussed. cora proteins are a unique class of transporters and are widespread in the bacteria and archaea, with rather distant but functional homologs in eukaryotes. the mgt transporters ar ... | 2008 | 26443723 |
| nadh as donor. | the number of nadh dehydrogenases and their role in energy transduction in escherchia coli have been under debate for a long time. now it is evident that e. coli possesses two respiratory nadh dehydrogenases, or nadh:ubiquinone oxidoreductases, that have traditionally been called ndh-i and ndh-ii. this review describes the properties of these two nadh dehydrogenases, focusing on the mechanism of the energy converting nadh dehydrogenase as derived from the high resolution structure of the soluble ... | 2007 | 26443579 |
| intracellular voyeurism: examining the modulation of host cell activities bysalmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. | salmonella spp. can infect host cells by gaining entry through phagocytosis or by inducing host cell membrane ruffling that facilitates bacterial uptake. with its wide host range, salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium has proven to be an important model organism for studying intracellular bacterial pathogenesis. upon entry into host cells, serovar typhimurium typically resides within a membrane-bound compartment termed the salmonella-containing vacuole (scv). from the scv, serovar typhimurium ... | 2005 | 26443522 |
| imaging techniques for the study of escherichia coli and salmonella infections. | infectious diseases are among the leading causes of mortality worldwide, and numerous bacterial species are included in the vast array of causative agents. this review describes microscopy-based techniques that can be used to study interactions between bacteria and infected host cells, bacterial gene expression in the infected animal, and bacteria-induced cell signaling in eukaryotic cells. as infectious model systems, urinary tract infections caused by uropathogenic escherichia coli (upec) and ... | 2005 | 26443519 |
| hexose/pentose and hexitol/pentitol metabolism. | escherichia coli and salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium exhibit a remarkable versatility in the usage of different sugars as the sole source of carbon and energy, reflecting their ability to make use of the digested meals of mammalia and of the ample offerings in the wild. degradation of sugars starts with their energy-dependent uptake through the cytoplasmic membrane and is carried on further by specific enzymes in the cytoplasm, destined finally for degradation in central metabolic pathwa ... | 2005 | 26443516 |
| catabolism of amino acids and related compounds. | this review considers the pathways for the degradation of amino acids and a few related compounds (agmatine, putrescine, ornithine, and aminobutyrate), along with their functions and regulation. nitrogen limitation and an acidic environment are two physiological cues that regulate expression of several amino acid catabolic genes. the review considers escherichia coli, salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium, and klebsiella species. the latter is included because the pathways in klebsiella specie ... | 2005 | 26443507 |
| glycerol and methylglyoxal metabolism. | the metabolic connection between glycerol and methylglyoxal (mg) is principally that dhap, which is an intermediate in the aerobic breakdown of glycerol, is also the major precursor of mg, being the substrate for methylglyoxal synthase (mgs). the synthesis of mg is a consequence of unbalanced metabolism related either to a limitation for phosphate or to excessive carbon flux through the pathways that have the capacity to generate significant pools of dhap. cells producing mg produce a poison as ... | 2005 | 26443506 |
| ammonia transport. | this review reviews the ammonium/methylammonium transport (amt) proteins of escherichia coli and salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. the amt proteins and their homologs, the methylammonium/ammonium permease proteins of saccharomyces cerevisiae, constitute a distinct class of membrane-associated ammonia transporters. members of the amt family are found in archaea, bacteria, fungi, plants, and invertebrate animals. in e. coli and serovar typhimurium, the amt proteins are essential to maintain ... | 2004 | 26443371 |
| biosynthesis of arginine and polyamines. | early investigations on arginine biosynthesis brought to light basic features of metabolic regulation. the most significant advances of the last 10 to 15 years concern the arginine repressor, its structure and mode of action in both e. coli and salmonella typhimurium, the sequence analysis of all arg structural genes in e. coli and salmonella typhimurium, the resulting evolutionary inferences, and the dual regulation of the carab operon. this review provides an overall picture of the pathways, t ... | 2004 | 26443366 |
| regulation of serine, glycine, and one-carbon biosynthesis. | the biosynthesis of serine, glycine, and one-carbon (c1) units constitutes a major metabolic pathway in escherichia coli and salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. c1 units derived from serine and glycine are used in the synthesis of purines, histidine, thymine, pantothenate, and methionine and in the formylation of the aminoacylated initiator fmet-trnafmet used to start translation in e. coli and serovar typhimurium. the need for serine, glycine, and c1 units in many cellular functions makes ... | 2004 | 26443363 |
| the contribution of aerobic and anaerobic respiration to intestinal colonization and virulence for salmonella typhimurium in the chicken. | the basic mechanism whereby salmonella serovars colonize the chicken intestine remains poorly understood. previous studies have indicated that proton-translocating proteins utilizing oxygen as terminal electron acceptor do not appear to be of major importance in the gut of the newly hatched chicken and consequently they would be even less significant during intestinal colonization of more mature chickens where the complex gut microflora would trap most of the oxygen in the lumen. consequently, a ... | 2015 | 26443064 |
| transfer rna modification: presence, synthesis, and function. | transfer rna (trna) from all organisms on this planet contains modified nucleosides, which are derivatives of the four major nucleosides. trna from escherichia coli/salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium contains 33 different modified nucleosides, which are all, except one (queuosine [q]), synthesized on an oligonucleotide precursor, which by specific enzymes later matures into trna. the structural genes for these enzymes are found in mono- and polycistronic operons, the latter of which have a ... | 2014 | 26442937 |
| glycogen: biosynthesis and regulation. | glycogen accumulation occurs in escherichia coli and salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium as well as in many other bacteria. glycogen will be formed when there is an excess of carbon under conditions in which growth is limited because of the lack of a growth nutrient, e.g., a nitrogen source. this review describes the enzymatic reactions involved in glycogen synthesis and the allosteric regulation of the first enzyme, adp-glucose pyrophosphorylase. the properties of the enzymes involved in gl ... | 2014 | 26442935 |
| translesion dna synthesis. | all living organisms are continually exposed to agents that damage their dna, which threatens the integrity of their genome. as a consequence, cells are equipped with a plethora of dna repair enzymes to remove the damaged dna. unfortunately, situations nevertheless arise where lesions persist, and these lesions block the progression of the cell's replicase. in these situations, cells are forced to choose between recombination-mediated "damage avoidance" pathways or a specialized dna polymerase ( ... | 2012 | 26442823 |
| salmonella typhimurium exploits inflammation to its own advantage in piglets. | salmonella typhimurium (s. typhimurium) is responsible for foodborne zoonotic infections that, in humans, induce self-limiting gastroenteritis. the aim of this study was to evaluate whether the wild-type strain s. typhimurium (stm14028) is able to exploit inflammation fostering an active infection. due to the similarity between human and porcine diseases induced by s. typhimurium, we used piglets as a model for salmonellosis and gastrointestinal research. this study showed that stm14028 is able ... | 2015 | 26441914 |
| model-driven discovery of synergistic inhibitors against e. coli and s. enterica serovar typhimurium targeting a novel synthetic lethal pair, alda and prpc. | mathematical models of biochemical networks form a cornerstone of bacterial systems biology. inconsistencies between simulation output and experimental data point to gaps in knowledge about the fundamental biology of the organism. one such inconsistency centers on the gene alda in escherichia coli: it is essential in a computational model of e. coli metabolism, but experimentally it is not. here, we reconcile this disparity by providing evidence that alda and prpc form a synthetic lethal pair, a ... | 2015 | 26441892 |
| preliminary mutagenicity and genotoxicity evaluation of selected arylsulfonamide derivatives of (aryloxy)alkylamines with potential psychotropic properties. | determination of the mutagenic and genotoxic liability of biologically active compounds is of great concern for preliminary toxicity testing and drug development. in this study, we focused on the evaluation of the mutagenic and genotoxic effects of selected arylsulfonamide derivatives of aryloxyethyl piperidines and pyrrolidines (1-8), classified as 5-ht7 receptor antagonist with antidepressant and procognitive properties, using in silico and in vitro methods: the vibrio harveyi assay and the so ... | 2016 | 26440375 |
| contaminated water delivery as a simple and effective method of experimental salmonella infection. | in most infectious disease models, it is assumed that gavage needle infection is the most reliable means of pathogen delivery to the gi tract. however, this methodology can cause esophageal tearing and induces stress in experimental animals, both of which have the potential to impact early infection and the subsequent immune response. | 2015 | 26439708 |
| temperate phages promote colicin-dependent fitness of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. | bacteria employ bacteriocins for interference competition in microbial ecosystems. colicin ib (colib), a pore-forming bacteriocin, confers a significant fitness benefit to salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium (s. tm) in competition against commensal escherichia coli in the gut. colib is released from s. tm into the environment, where it kills susceptible competitors. however, colicin-specific release proteins, as they are known for other colicins, have not been identified in case of colib. th ... | 2016 | 26439675 |
| assessment of the effect of a salmonella enterica ser. typhimurium culture supernatant on the single-cell lag time of foodborne pathogens. | the objective of this study was the in vitro evaluation of the effect of a cell-free microbial supernatant, produced by a luxs-positive salmonella enterica ser. typhimurium strain, on the single-cell growth kinetic behavior of two strains of s. enterica (serotypes enteritidis and typhimurium) and a methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus strain. the single-cell lag time (λ) of the pathogens was estimated in the absence and presence (20% v/v) of microbial supernatant based on optical density ... | 2015 | 26433459 |
| effect of combined long-term starvation and γ-irradiation on membrane fatty acids and cell surface hydrophobicity of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. | this study was carried out to explore the adaptive mechanisms of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium, in particular the implication of fatty acids (fa) in the remodeling of membrane lipid composition to overcome the combined effects of long-term starvation and γ-irradiation stresses. in addition, cell surface hydrophobicity was also evaluated. the bacterial strains (control and starved) were treated with a nonlethal γ-irradiation dose of 0.5 kgy and sublethal doses of 1 kgy. gas chromatograp ... | 2015 | 26433417 |
| tumor-targeting salmonella typhimurium a1-r inhibits human prostate cancer experimental bone metastasis in mouse models. | bone metastasis is a frequent occurrence in prostate cancer patients and often is lethal. zoledronic acid (zol) is often used for bone metastasis with limited efficacy. more effective models and treatment methods are required to improve the outcome of prostate cancer patients. in the present study, the effects of tumor-targeting salmonella typhimurium a1-r were analyzed in vitro and in vivo on prostate cancer cells and experimental bone metastasis. both zol and s. typhimurium a1-r inhibited the ... | 2015 | 26431498 |
| enhancement of immunohistochemical detection of salmonella in tissues of experimentally infected pigs. | salmonella typhimurium is one of the main pathogens compromising porcine and human health as well as food safety, because it is a prevailing source of foodborne infections due to contaminated pork. a prominent problem in the management of this bacteriosis is the number of subclinically infected carrier pigs. as very little is known concerning the mechanisms allowing salmonella to persist in pigs, the objective of this study was to develop an immunohistochemical approach for the detection of salm ... | 2015 | 26428884 |
| antimicrobial effect against different bacterial strains and bacterial adaptation to essential oils used as feed additives. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity and determine the minimum bactericidal concentration (mbc) of the essential oils derived from origanum vulgare (oregano), melaleuca alternifolia (tea tree), cinnamomum cassia (cassia), and thymus vulgaris (white thyme) against salmonella typhimurium, salmonella enteritidis, escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus and enterococcus faecalis. the study also investigated the ability of these different bacterial strains to develop adapt ... | 2015 | 26424908 |
| potential of submergedly cultivated mycelia of ganoderma spp. as antioxidant and antimicrobial agents. | the study aimed to evaluate the antiradical and antimicrobial (antibacterial and antifungal) potentials of ethanol mycelial extracts of selected ganoderma species and strains and to define interand intraspecies diversity among ganoderma species and strains. ganoderma lucidum strains were good dpph• scavengers (neutralizing up to 57.12% radicals), contrary to g. applanatum (20.35%) and g. carnosum (17.04%). high correlations between the activities and contents of total phenols in the extracts sho ... | 2016 | 26420047 |
| bacterial clearance reverses a skewed t-cell repertoire induced by salmonella infection. | salmonella typhimurium invades the spleen, liver, and peripheral lymph nodes and has recently been detected in the bone marrow and thymus, resulting in a reduced thymic size and a decline in the total number of thymic cells. a specific deletion of the double-positive cell subset has been characterized, yet the export of mature t cells to the periphery remains normal. we analyzed salmonella pathogenesis regarding thymic structure and the t-cell maturation process. we demonstrate that, despite alt ... | 2015 | 26417438 |
| pathogen loading from canada geese faeces in freshwater: potential risks to human health through recreational water exposure. | canada geese (branta canadensis) faeces have been shown to contain pathogenic protozoa and bacteria in numerous studies over the past 15 years. further, increases in both the canada geese populations and their ideal habitat requirements in the united states (us) translate to a greater presence of these human pathogens in public areas, such as recreational freshwater beaches. combining these factors, the potential health risk posed by canada geese faeces at freshwater beaches presents an emerging ... | 2016 | 26414207 |
| development and evaluation of a salmonella typhimurium flagellin based chimeric dna vaccine against infectious bursal disease of poultry. | infectious bursal disease (ibd) is an acute immunosuppressive disease of young chicks, caused by a double-stranded rna virus. vp2 being the major capsid protein of the virus is an ideal vaccine candidate possessing the neutralizing epitopes. the present study involves the use of flagellin (flic) as a genetic adjuvant to improve the immune response of vp2 based dna vaccine against ibd. our findings revealed that birds immunized with plasmid pcivp2flic showed robust immune response than pcivp2 imm ... | 2015 | 26412511 |
| combination inhibition activity of nisin and ethanol on the growth inhibition of pathogenic gram negative bacteria and their application as disinfectant solution. | nisin and ethanol have been used as antimicrobial agents in food industry. however, nisin alone could not inhibit the growth of gram-negative bacteria, except in combination with a chelating agent, edta, or organic acid. this research aimed to study the survival of escherichia coli o157: h7, salmonella typhimurium tistr 292 and salmonella enteritidis dmst 17368 after treatment with nisin at 100, 200, 300, 500, 800, or 1000 iu/ml and ethanol at 70%, 50%, 30%, 20%, or 10% (v/v) alone and in combin ... | 2015 | 26409058 |
| imaging the different mechanisms of prostate cancer cell-killing by tumor-targeting salmonella typhimurium a1-r. | we previously developed a genetically-modified bacterial strain of salmonella typhimurium, auxotrophic for leucine and arginine, which also expresses green fluorescent protein (gfp), termed s. typhimurium a1-r. s. typhimurium a1-r was found to be effective against metastatic human prostate, breast, pancreatic, cervical and ovarian cancer, as well as osteosarcoma, fibrosarcoma and glioma, in clinically relevant nude mouse models. | 2015 | 26408681 |
| rapid detection of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium dt104 strains by the polymerase chain reaction. | infection with salmonella enterica is a major public health concern in developed countries, and multidrug-resistant strains have become increasingly prevalent. s. enterica serovar typhimurium dt104 (dt104) strains are prevalent in livestock in japan and include numerous strains of multidrug-resistant s. enterica. epidemiological analysis of these strains is critical for both agriculture and public health; however, diagnostic tests for these strains have yielded inconsistent results. | 2015 | 26408088 |
| isolation and characterization of bacteriocinogenic lactic bacteria from m-tuba and tepache, two traditional fermented beverages in méxico. | mexican tuba (m-tuba) and tepache are mexican fermented beverages prepared mainly with pineapple pulp and coconut palm, respectively. at present, reports on the microbiota and nutritional effects of both beverages are lacking. the purpose of this study was to determine whether m-tuba and tepache contain cultivable lactic acid bacteria (lab) capable of producing bacteriocins. tepache and m-tuba contain mesophilic aerobic bacteria, lab, and yeast. bacillus subtilis, listeria monocytogenes, listeri ... | 2015 | 26405529 |
| perforin-2 is essential for intracellular defense of parenchymal cells and phagocytes against pathogenic bacteria. | perforin-2 (mpeg1) is a pore-forming, antibacterial protein with broad-spectrum activity. perforin-2 is expressed constitutively in phagocytes and inducibly in parenchymal, tissue-forming cells. in vitro, perforin-2 prevents the intracellular replication and proliferation of bacterial pathogens in these cells. perforin-2 knockout mice are unable to control the systemic dissemination of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) or salmonella typhimurium and perish shortly after epicutane ... | 2015 | 26402460 |
| [disinfectants - bacterial cells interactions in the view of hygiene and public health]. | in recent years, the use of biocides has increased rapidly. one common example is triclosan, with wide application in households as well as medical and industrial fields, especially food industry and animal husbandry. chemical disinfection is a major mean to control and eliminate pathogenic bacteria, particularly those with multidrug resistance (mdr) phenotype. however, exposition to biocides results in an adaptive response in microorganisms, causing them to display a wide range of resistance me ... | 2015 | 26400890 |
| secondary metabolites constituents and antioxidant, anticancer and antibacterial activities of etlingera elatior (jack) r.m.sm grown in different locations of malaysia. | etlingera elatior is a well-known herb in malaysia with various pharmaceutical properties. | 2015 | 26399961 |
| rosa canina l.--new possibilities for an old medicinal herb. | health beneficial properties of rosa canina species are mainly attributed to rose hips, while the leaves are usually discarded as waste. in the present study we investigated chemical constituents as well as antimicrobial and antibiofilm potential of r. canina methanolic leaf extract. chemical analysis showed that dominant phenolic compounds are quercetin and isorhamnetin derivatives (isoquercetin and isorhamnetin-3-o-rutinoside). among the tested bacteria, pseudomonas aeruginosa and salmonella t ... | 2015 | 26399901 |
| modulation of cytokine gene expression by selected lactobacillus isolates in the ileum, caecal tonsils and spleen of salmonella-challenged broilers. | probiotics have been used to control salmonella colonization in the chicken intestine. recently, we demonstrated that certain selected lactobacillus isolates were able to reduce salmonella infection in the chicken spleen and liver as well as down-regulated salmonella pathogenicity island 1 virulence gene expression in the chicken caecum. to further understand the mechanisms through which lactobacillus protected chickens from salmonella infection, the present study has investigated the lactobacil ... | 2015 | 26395945 |
| ssek3 is a salmonella effector that binds trim32 and modulates the host's nf-κb signalling activity. | salmonella typhimurium employs an array of type iii secretion system effectors that facilitate intracellular survival and replication during infection. the salmonella effector ssek3 was originally identified due to amino acid sequence similarity with nleb; an effector secreted by epec/ehec that possesses n-acetylglucoasmine (glcnac) transferase activity and modifies death domain containing proteins to block extrinsic apoptosis. in this study, immunoprecipitation of ssek3 defined a novel molecula ... | 2015 | 26394407 |
| trim38 negatively regulates tlr3/4-mediated innate immune and inflammatory responses by two sequential and distinct mechanisms. | tripartite motif (trim)38 is an e3 ubiquitin ligase that was reported to regulate signaling in innate immune and inflammatory responses in certain cell lines. in this study, we show that trim38 deficiency markedly increased tlr3- and tlr4-mediated induction of type i ifns and proinflammatory cytokines, such as tnf-α, il-1β, and il-6, in immune cells and in vivo. trim38 deficiency also caused the mice to be more susceptible to death triggered by polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid, lps, and salmonell ... | 2015 | 26392463 |
| chip-seq analysis of the σe regulon of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium reveals new genes implicated in heat shock and oxidative stress response. | the alternative sigma factor σe functions to maintain bacterial homeostasis and membrane integrity in response to extracytoplasmic stress by regulating thousands of genes both directly and indirectly. the transcriptional regulatory network governed by σe in salmonella and e. coli has been examined using microarray, however a genome-wide analysis of σe-binding sites in salmonella has not yet been reported. we infected macrophages with salmonella typhimurium over a select time course. using chroma ... | 2015 | 26389830 |
| quantitative proteomics and bioinformatic analysis provide new insight into the dynamic response of porcine intestine to salmonella typhimurium. | the enteropathogen salmonella typhimurium (s. typhimurium) is the most commonly non-typhoideal serotype isolated in pig worldwide. currently, one of the main sources of human infection is by consumption of pork meat. therefore, prevention and control of salmonellosis in pigs is crucial for minimizing risks to public health. the aim of the present study was to use isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (itraq) to explore differences in the response to salmonella in two segment of ... | 2015 | 26389078 |
| blu-ray optomagnetic measurement based competitive immunoassay for salmonella detection. | a turn-on competitive immunoassay using a low-cost blu-ray optomagnetic setup and two differently sized magnetic particles (micron-sized particles acting as capture particles and nano-sized particles acting as detection particles) is here presented. for salmonella detection, a limit of detection of 8×10(4)cfu/ml is achieved within a total assay time of 3h. the combination of a competitive strategy and an optomagnetic setup not only enables a turn-on read-out format, but also results in a sensiti ... | 2016 | 26386328 |
| global transcriptome and mutagenic analyses of the acid tolerance response of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. | salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium (s. typhimurium) is one of the leading causative agents of food-borne bacterial gastroenteritis. swift invasion through the intestinal tract and successful establishment in systemic organs are associated with the adaptability of s. typhimurium to different stress environments. low-ph stress serves as one of the first lines of defense in mammalian hosts, which s. typhimurium must efficiently overcome to establish an infection. therefore, a better understand ... | 2015 | 26386064 |
| using uvc light-emitting diodes at wavelengths of 266 to 279 nanometers to inactivate foodborne pathogens and pasteurize sliced cheese. | uvc light is a widely used sterilization technology. however, uv lamps have several limitations, including low activity at refrigeration temperatures, a long warm-up time, and risk of mercury exposure. uv-type lamps only emit light at 254 nm, so as an alternative, uv light-emitting diodes (uv-leds) which can produce the desired wavelengths have been developed. in this study, we validated the inactivation efficacy of uv-leds by wavelength and compared the results to those of conventional uv lamps ... | 2015 | 26386061 |
| emergence of vim-1-producing salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium in a paediatric patient. | 2015 | 26384861 | |
| evaluation of safety of arrabidaea chica verlot (bignoniaceae), a plant with healing properties. | arrabidaea chica verlot (bignoniaceae) has been used as a medicinal herb to treat anemia, hemorrhage, inflammation, intestinal colic, hepatitis, and skin infections in the brazilian amazon region. studies have demonstrated the healing properties of extracts obtained from a. chica leaves, which contain anthocyanins and flavonoids. however, few investigations have assessed the safe use of this plant species. in this study, mutagenic and genotoxic effects of a crude aqueous extract, a butanolic fra ... | 2015 | 26383782 |
| development and evaluation of live attenuated salmonella vaccines in newly hatched duckings. | domestic ducks remain a major source of zoonotic salmonella enterica infections for man worldwide and approaches to protection should include vaccine-mediated immunity. with this in mind we developed several genetically defined mutants in a virulent duck salmonella typhimurium isolate tt-1. from initial tests for virulence in day-old ducks, δrpos, δhila, and δslya mutants retained some virulence so were not studied further. amongst the mutants showing greater attenuation, δssrb, δphopq, δompr, a ... | 2015 | 26382600 |
| antibacterial activities of ankaferd hemostat (abs) on shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli and other pathogens significant in foodborne diseases. | ankaferd hemostat (ankaferd blood stopper®, abs)-induced pharmacological modulation of essential erythroid proteins can cause vital erythroid aggregation via acting on fibrinogen gamma. topical endoscopic abs application is effective in the controlling of gastrointestinal (gi) system hemorrhages and/or infected gi wounds. escherichia coli o157:h7, the predominant serotype of enterohemorrhagic e. coli, is a cause of both outbreaks and sporadic cases of hemorrhagic colitis. the aim of this study i ... | 2017 | 26377624 |
| an orally administered dna vaccine targeting vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-3 inhibits lung carcinoma growth. | lung cancer is the leading cause of mortality and 5-year survival rate is very low worldwide. recent studies show that vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-3 (vegfr-3) signaling pathway contributes to lung cancer progression. so we hypothesize that an oral dna vaccine that targets vegfr-3 carried by attenuated salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium strain sl3261 has impacts on lung cancer progression. in this study, the oral vegfr-3-based vaccine-immunized mice showed appreciable inhibit ... | 2016 | 26376999 |
| caspase-11 cleaves gasdermin d for non-canonical inflammasome signalling. | intracellular lipopolysaccharide from gram-negative bacteria including escherichia coli, salmonella typhimurium, shigella flexneri, and burkholderia thailandensis activates mouse caspase-11, causing pyroptotic cell death, interleukin-1β processing, and lethal septic shock. how caspase-11 executes these downstream signalling events is largely unknown. here we show that gasdermin d is essential for caspase-11-dependent pyroptosis and interleukin-1β maturation. a forward genetic screen with ethyl-n ... | 2015 | 26375259 |
| therapeutic efficacy of tumor-targeting salmonella typhimurium a1-r on human colorectal cancer liver metastasis in orthotopic nude-mouse models. | liver metastasis is the most frequent cause of death from colon and other cancers. generally, liver metastasis is recalcitrant to treatment. the aim of this study is to determine the efficacy of tumor-targeting salmonella typhimurium a1-r on liver metastasis in orthotopic mouse models. ht-29 human colon cancer cells expressing red fluorescent protein (rfp) were used in the present study. s. typhimurium a1-r infected ht-29 cells in a time-dependent manner, inhibiting cancer-cell proliferation in ... | 2015 | 26375054 |
| branched-chain amino acid supplementation promotes aerobic growth of salmonella typhimurium under nitrosative stress conditions. | nitric oxide (no) inactivates iron-sulfur enzymes in bacterial amino acid biosynthetic pathways, causing amino acid auxotrophy. we demonstrate that exogenous supplementation with branched-chain amino acids (bcaa) can restore the no resistance of hmp mutant salmonella typhimurium lacking principal no-metabolizing enzyme flavohemoglobin, and of mutants further lacking iron-sulfur enzymes dihydroxy-acid dehydratase (ilvd) and isopropylmalate isomerase (leucd) that are essential for bcaa biosynthesi ... | 2015 | 26374245 |
| next generation genome sequencing reveals phylogenetic clades with different level of virulence among salmonella typhimurium clinical human isolates in hong kong. | salmonella typhimurium is frequently isolated from foodborne infection cases in hong kong, but the lack of genome sequences has hindered in-depth epidemiological and phylogenetic studies. in this study, we sought to reconstruct the phylogenetic relationship and investigate the distribution and mutation patterns of virulence determinants among local s. typhimurium clinical isolates using their genome sequences. | 2015 | 26370680 |
| multicopy single-stranded dna directs intestinal colonization of enteric pathogens. | multicopy single-stranded dnas (msdnas) are hybrid rna-dna molecules encoded on retroelements called retrons and produced by the action of retron reverse transcriptases. retrons are widespread in bacteria but the natural function of msdna has remained elusive despite 30 years of study. the major roadblock to elucidation of the function of these unique molecules has been the lack of any identifiable phenotypes for mutants unable to make msdna. we report that msdna of the zoonotic pathogen salmone ... | 2015 | 26367458 |
| photodecomposition, photomutagenicity and photocytotoxicity of retinyl palmitate under he-ne laser photoirradiation and its effects on photodynamic therapy of cancer cells in vitro. | our aim was to study photodecomposition, photomutagenicity and cytotoxicity of retinyl palmitate (rp), a principal storage form of vitamin a in humans and animals, under he-ne laser photoirradiation. moreover, the effect of different concentrations and timing protocol of antioxidants on photodynamic therapy (pdt) is contradictory, so the effect of rp (as antioxidant) on the pdt cytotoxicity was studied. | 2016 | 26365099 |
| evaluation of the mutagenicity of simple substituted quinoxalines in salmonella typhimurium. | limited information is available on the genotoxicity of simple quinoxalines, distinct from the food related carcinogenic derivatives bearing an aromatic amino group. isolated positive results, with no apparent structure-activity relationships, were reported in earlier studies on alkyl substituted quinoxalines, raising a safety concern in some regulatory authorities in view of the potential human exposure related to their use as food flavors. in order to elucidate the genotoxic hazard posed by si ... | 2016 | 26365056 |
| prevalence and characterization of monophasic salmonella serovar 1,4,[5],12:i:- of food origin in china. | salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar 1,4,[5],12:i:- is a monophasic variant of salmonella typhimurium, which has recently been recognized as an emerging cause of infection worldwide. this bacterium has also ranked among the four most frequent serovars causing human salmonellosis in china. however, there are no reports on its contamination in chinese food. serotyping, polymerase chain reaction, antibiotic resistance, virulotyping, and multilocus sequence typing (mlst) assays were used to i ... | 2015 | 26360603 |
| effect of detergents on galactoside binding by melibiose permeases. | the effect of various detergents on the stability and function of the melibiose permeases of escherichia coli (melbec) and salmonella typhimurium (melbst) was studied. in n-dodecyl-β-d-maltoside (ddm) or n-undecyl-β-d-maltoside (udm), wt melbst binds melibiose with an affinity similar to that in the membrane. however, with wt melbec or melbst mutants (arg141 → cys, arg295 → cys, or arg363 → cys), galactoside binding is not detected in these detergents, but binding to the phosphotransferase prote ... | 2015 | 26352464 |
| chemical composition and in vitro antibacterial activity of mentha spicata essential oil against common food-borne pathogenic bacteria. | the aim of the present study was to investigate chemical composition and antibacterial activity of essential oil from the leaf of mentha spicata plant against common food-borne pathogenic bacteria (staphylococcus aureus, bacillus subtilis, bacillus cereus, listeria monocytogenes, salmonella typhimurium, and escherichia coli o157:h7). chemical composition of the essential oil was identified by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometer detector (gc-ms). the antibacterial activity of the es ... | 2015 | 26351584 |
| refined live attenuated salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium and enteritidis vaccines mediate homologous and heterologous serogroup protection in mice. | invasive nontyphoidal salmonella (nts) infections constitute a major health problem among infants and toddlers in sub-saharan africa; these infections also occur in infants and the elderly in developed countries. we genetically engineered a salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium strain of multilocus sequence type 313, the predominant genotype circulating in sub-saharan africa. we evaluated the capacities of s. typhimurium and salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis δguaba δclpx live oral vaccin ... | 2015 | 26351285 |
| sugar-protein connectivity impacts on the immunogenicity of site-selective salmonella o-antigen glycoconjugate vaccines. | a series of glycoconjugates with defined connectivity were synthesized to investigate the impact of coupling salmonella typhimurium o-antigen to different amino acids of crm197 protein carrier. in particular, two novel methods for site-selective glycan conjugation were developed to obtain conjugates with single attachment site on the protein, based on chemical modification of a disulfide bond and ph-controlled transglutaminase-catalyzed modification of lysine, respectively. importantly, conjugat ... | 2015 | 26350581 |
| neoadjuvant administration of semliki forest virus expressing interleukin-12 combined with attenuated salmonella eradicates breast cancer metastasis and achieves long-term survival in immunocompetent mice. | metastatic breast cancer is a major cause of death among women worldwide; therefore efficient therapeutic strategies are extremely needed. in this work we have developed a gene therapy- and bacteria-based combined neoadjuvant approach and evaluated its antitumor effect in a clinically relevant animal model of metastatic breast cancer. | 2015 | 26347489 |
| graphene oxide-modified zno particles: synthesis, characterization, and antibacterial properties. | nanosized zno particles with diameters of 15 nm were prepared with a solution precipitation method at low cost and high yield. the synthesis of the particles was functionalized by the organic solvent dimethylformamide, and the particles were covalently bonded to the surface of graphene oxide. the morphology of the graphene oxide sheets and zno particles was confirmed with field emission scanning electron microscopy and biological atomic force microscopy. fourier transform infrared spectroscopy a ... | 2015 | 26347126 |
| deletion of invasion protein b in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium influences bacterial invasion and virulence. | salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium (s. typhimurium) has a wide host range and causes infections ranging from severe gastroenteritis to systemic infections in human, as well as causing typhoid-like disease in murine models of infection. s. typhimurium translocates its effector proteins through the salmonella pathogenicity island-i (spi-i)-encoded t3ss-i needle complex. this study focuses on invasion protein b (sipb) of s. typhimurium, which plays an active role in spi-i invasion efficiency. ... | 2015 | 26341924 |
| binding interface between the salmonella σ(s)/rpos subunit of rna polymerase and crl: hints from bacterial species lacking crl. | in many gram-negative bacteria, including salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium (s. typhimurium), the sigma factor rpos/σ(s) accumulates during stationary phase of growth, and associates with the core rna polymerase enzyme (e) to promote transcription initiation of genes involved in general stress resistance and starvation survival. whereas σ factors are usually inactivated upon interaction with anti-σ proteins, σ(s) binding to the crl protein increases σ(s) activity by favouring its associati ... | 2015 | 26338235 |
| growth of healthy and sanitizer-injured salmonella cells on mung bean sprouts in different commercial enrichment broths. | the ability of nine commercial broths to enrich healthy and 90% sanitizer-injured salmonella typhimurium and salmonella cocktail on mung bean sprouts was evaluated to select an optimum broth for detection. results showed that s. typhimurium multiplied faster and reached a higher population in buffered peptone water (bpw), salmonella ad media (ad) and one broth-salmonella (ob), compared with other broths. healthy and 90% sanitizer-injured salmonella at low concentrations increased by 4.0 log cfu/ ... | 2015 | 26338131 |
| genotoxic, cytotoxic, antigenotoxic, and anticytotoxic effects of sulfonamide chalcone using the ames test and the mouse bone marrow micronucleus test. | chalcones present several biological activities and sulfonamide chalcone derivatives have shown important biological applications, including antitumor activity. in this study, genotoxic, cytotoxic, antigenotoxic, and anticytotoxic activities of the sulfonamide chalcone n-{4-[3-(4-nitrophenyl)prop-2-enoyl]phenyl} benzenesulfonamide (cpn) were assessed using the salmonella typhimurium reverse mutation test (ames test) and the mouse bone marrow micronucleus test. the results showed that cpn caused ... | 2015 | 26335560 |
| residue-dependent thermodynamic cost and barrel plasticity balances activity in the phopq-activated enzyme pagp of salmonella typhimurium. | pagp is an eight-stranded transmembrane β-barrel enzyme indispensable for lipid a palmitoylation in gram-negative bacteria. the severity of infection by pathogens, including salmonella, legionella, and bordetella, and resistance to antimicrobial peptides, relies on lipid a remodeling by pagp, rendering pagp a sought-after drug target. despite a conserved sequence, more robust palmitoylation of lipid a is observed in salmonella typhimurium compared to escherichia coli, a possible consequence of t ... | 2015 | 26334694 |
| lipocalin-2 ensures host defense against salmonella typhimurium by controlling macrophage iron homeostasis and immune response. | lipocalin-2 (lcn2) is an innate immune peptide with pleiotropic effects. lcn2 binds iron-laden bacterial siderophores, chemo-attracts neutrophils and has immunomodulatory and apoptosis-regulating effects. in this study, we show that upon infection with salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium, lcn2 promotes iron export from salmonella-infected macrophages, which reduces cellular iron content and enhances the generation of pro-inflammatory cytokines. lcn2 represses il-10 production while augmentin ... | 2015 | 26332507 |
| molecular level understanding of resistance to nalidixic acid in salmonella enteric serovar typhimurium associates with the s83f sequence type. | nalidixic acid is an antibiotic drug used for treatment of salmonellosis, a gastrointestinal infection. dna gyrase subunit a (gyra) of salmonella typhimurium is the drug target for nalidixic acid. resistance of gyra to nalidixic acid, because of a point mutation in s. typhimurium, was recently reported. substitution of phe in place of ser at locus 83 in gyra of s. typhimurium has been experimentally associated with nalidixic acid resistance. despite recent efforts, the mechanism of this resistan ... | 2016 | 26329667 |
| seasonal fluctuations in air pollution in dazaifu, japan, and effect of long-range transport from mainland east asia. | to clarify the seasonal fluctuations in air pollution and the effect of long-range transport, we collected airborne particles (n=118) at dazaifu in fukuoka, japan, from june 2012 to may 2013 and measured pb and so4(2-), which are indicators of the long-range transport of anthropogenic air pollutants, as well as their mutagenicity, and other factors. the levels of airborne particles, pb, and so4(2-) were very high on march 4, 8, 9, and 19, and may 13, 21, and 22, 2013. the backward trajectories i ... | 2015 | 26328496 |
| insights into stabilizing interactions in the distorted domain-swapped dimer of salmonella typhimurium survival protein. | the survival protein sure from salmonella typhimurium (stsure) is a dimeric protein that functions as a phosphatase. sure dimers are formed by the swapping of a loop with a pair of β-strands and a c-terminal helix between two protomers. in a previous study, the asp230 and his234 residues were mutated to ala to abolish a hydrogen bond that was thought to be crucial for c-terminal helix swapping. these mutations led to functionally inactive and distorted dimers in which the two protomers were rela ... | 2015 | 26327371 |