Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
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| tumor-targeted 4-1bb agonists for combination with t cell bispecific antibodies as off-the-shelf therapy. | endogenous costimulatory molecules on t cells such as 4-1bb (cd137) can be leveraged for cancer immunotherapy. systemic administration of agonistic anti-4-1bb antibodies, although effective preclinically, has not advanced to phase 3 trials because they have been hampered by both dependency on fcγ receptor-mediated hyperclustering and hepatotoxicity. to overcome these issues, we engineered proteins simultaneously targeting 4-1bb and a tumor stroma or tumor antigen: fap-4-1bbl (rg7826) and cd19-4- ... | 2019 | 31189721 |
| neutralization of rhesus cytomegalovirus il-10 reduces horizontal transmission and alters long-term immunity. | human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) causes severe disease in infants and immunocompromised people. there is no approved hcmv vaccine, and vaccine development strategies are complicated by evidence of both persistent infection and reinfection of people with prior immunity. the greatest emphasis has been placed on reducing transmission to seronegative pregnant women to prevent vertical transmission and its potentially severe sequelae. increasing evidence suggests that the earliest host-hcmv interactions ... | 2019 | 31189602 |
| trim5α restricts flavivirus replication by targeting the viral protease for proteasomal degradation. | tripartite motif-containing protein 5α (trim5α) is a cellular antiviral restriction factor that prevents early events in retrovirus replication. the activity of trim5α is thought to be limited to retroviruses as a result of highly specific interactions with capsid lattices. in contrast to this current understanding, we show that both human and rhesus macaque trim5α suppress replication of specific flaviviruses. multiple viruses in the tick-borne encephalitis complex are sensitive to trim5α-depen ... | 2019 | 31189110 |
| chronically elevated androgen and/or consumption of a western-style diet impairs oocyte quality and granulosa cell function in the nonhuman primate periovulatory follicle. | to investigate the impact of chronically elevated androgens in the presence and absence of an obesogenic diet on oocyte quality in the naturally selected primate periovulatory follicle. | 2019 | 31187329 |
| cross-species convergence in pupillary response: understanding human anxiety via non-human primate amygdala lesion. | few studies have used matched affective paradigms to compare humans and non-human primates. in monkeys with amygdala lesions and youth with anxiety disorders, we examined cross-species pupillary responses during a saccade-based, affective attentional capture task. given evidence of enhanced amygdala function in anxiety, we hypothesized that opposite patterns would emerge in lesioned monkeys and anxious participants. a total of 53 unmedicated youths (27 anxious, 26 healthy) and 8 adult male rhesu ... | 2019 | 31184751 |
| self-administration of benzodiazepine and cocaine combinations by male and female rhesus monkeys in a choice procedure: role of α1 subunit-containing gabaa receptors. | compounds lacking efficacy at the α1 subunit-containing gabaa (α1gabaa) receptor appear to have reduced abuse potential compared with those having measurable efficacy at this receptor, though their self-administration in nonhuman primates is dependent upon past drug experience. | 2019 | 31183518 |
| using macaques to address critical questions in zika virus research. | zika virus (zikv) and nonhuman primates have been inextricably linked since the virus was first discovered in a sentinel rhesus macaque in uganda in 1947. soon after zikv was epidemiologically associated with birth defects in brazil late in 2015, researchers capitalized on the fact that rhesus macaques are commonly used to model viral immunity and pathogenesis, quickly establishing macaque models for zikv infection. within months, the susceptibility of pregnant macaques to experimental zikv chal ... | 2019 | 31180813 |
| maternal high-fat diet consumption and chronic hyperandrogenemia are associated with placental dysfunction in female rhesus macaques. | the risk of adverse perinatal outcomes with maternal polycystic ovary syndrome may differ among hyperandrogenic and nonhyperandrogenic phenotypes and is likely modulated by maternal obesity and diet. the relative contribution of maternal hyperandrogenism and nutritional status to placental dysfunction is unknown. female rhesus macaques (n = 39) were assigned at puberty to one of four treatment groups: subcutaneous cholesterol implants and a standard chow diet (controls); testosterone (t) implant ... | 2019 | 31180495 |
| convection enhanced delivery of optogenetic adeno-associated viral vector to the cortex of rhesus macaque under guidance of online mri images. | in non-human primate (nhp) optogenetics, infecting large cortical areas with viral vectors is often a difficult and time-consuming task. here, we demonstrate the use of magnetic resonance (mr)-guided convection enhanced delivery (ced) of optogenetic viral vectors into primary somatosensory (s1) and motor (m1) cortices of macaques to obtain efficient, widespread cortical expression of light-sensitive ion channels. adeno-associated viral (aav) vectors encoding the red-shifted opsin c1v1 fused to y ... | 2019 | 31180352 |
| genetic diversity and phylogenetic analyses of 11 cohorts of captive rhesus macaques from chinese zoos. | rhesus macaques are raised in almost every chinese zoo due to their likeability and ease in feeding; however, little is yet known about the genetic diversity of rhesus macaques in captivity. in this study, a 475-base pair nucleotide sequence of the mitochondrial dna control region was obtained from the fecal dna of 210 rhesus macaque individuals in captivity. a total of 69 haplotypes were defined, 51 of which (73.9%) were newly identified. of all haplotypes, seven were shared between two zoos, a ... | 2019 | 31179176 |
| potential mechanism for hiv-associated depression: upregulation of serotonin transporters in siv-infected macaques detected by 11c-dasb pet. | purpose: increased incidence of depression in hiv+ patients is associated with lower adherence to treatment and increased morbidity/mortality. one possible underlying pathophysiology is serotonergic dysfunction. in this study, we used an animal model of hiv, the siv-infected macaque, to longitudinally image serotonin transporter (sert) expression before and after inoculation, using 11c-dasb (sert ligand) pet imaging. methods: we infected seven rhesus macaques with a neurovirulent siv strain and ... | 2019 | 31178771 |
| impact of acute intraocular pressure elevation on the visual acuity of non-human primates. | glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide and elevated intraocular pressure (iop) is an established risk factor. visual acuity, the capacity for fine analysis of spatial frequency (sf) information, is relatively preserved in central vision until the later stages of chronic glaucoma. however, for acute glaucoma that is associated with sharp iop elevation, how visual acuity is affected by acute iop elevation remains unclear. | 2019 | 31178426 |
| mild hypothermia ameliorates anesthesia toxicity in the neonatal macaque brain. | sedatives and anesthetics can injure the developing brain. they cause apoptosis of neurons and oligodendrocytes, impair synaptic plasticity, inhibit neurogenesis and trigger long-term neurocognitive deficits. the projected vulnerable period in humans extends from the third trimester of pregnancy to the third year of life. despite all concerns, there is no ethically and medically acceptable alternative to the use of sedatives and anesthetics for surgeries and painful interventions. development of ... | 2019 | 31175984 |
| once-weekly oral dosing of mk-8591 protects male rhesus macaques from intrarectal challenge with shiv109cp3. | mk-8591 (4'-ethynyl-2-fluoro-2'-deoxyadenosine [efda]) is a novel reverse transcriptase-translocation inhibitor. | 2020 | 31175822 |
| embryonic chimeras with human pluripotent stem cells. | human pluripotent stem (ps) cells can be isolated from preimplantation embryos or by reprogramming of somatic cells or germline progenitors. human ps cells are considered the "holy grail" of regenerative medicine because they have the potential to form all cell types of the adult body. because of their similarity to humans, nonhuman primate (nhp) ps cells are also important models for studying human biology and disease, as well as for developing therapeutic strategies and test bed for cell repla ... | 2019 | 31175650 |
| synthesis and in vivo evaluation of [18f]ucb-j for pet imaging of synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2a (sv2a). | synaptic abnormalities have been implicated in a variety of neuropsychiatric disorders, including epilepsy, alzheimer's disease, and schizophrenia. hence, pet imaging of the synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2a (sv2a) may be a valuable in vivo biomarker for neurologic and psychiatric diseases. we previously developed [11c]ucb-j, a pet radiotracer with high affinity and selectivity toward sv2a; however, the short radioactive half-life (20 min for 11c) places some limitations on its broader applicatio ... | 2019 | 31175396 |
| fetal hemoglobin and f-cell variance in mobilized cd34+ cell-transplanted rhesus monkeys. | elevated fetal hemoglobin (hbf) is associated with reduced severity of sickle cell disease. therefore, γ-globin protein levels and f-cell (hbf-positive red blood cell) percentages are used for estimation of clinical benefit. here, we monitored transplantation-related changes in hbf and f-cell percentages for rhesus macaques (macaca mulatta) following total body irradiation or busulfan conditioning prior to cd34+ cell transplantation. hbf protein expression peaked in the first 4-9 weeks posttrans ... | 2019 | 31173819 |
| amygdala growth from youth to adulthood in the macaque monkey. | emerging evidence suggests that the human amygdala undergoes extensive growth through adolescence, coinciding with the acquisition of complex socioemotional learning. our objective was to longitudinally map volumetric growth of the nonhuman primate amygdala in a controlled, naturalistic social environment from birth to adulthood. magnetic resonance images were collected at five time-points in 24 male and female rhesus macaques from 6 months to adulthood at 5 years. we then compared amygdala grow ... | 2019 | 31173365 |
| cyclic pattern of intraocular pressure (iop) and transient iop fluctuations in nonhuman primates measured with continuous wireless telemetry. | purpose: most studies on intraocular pressure (iop) to monitor iop "fluctuations" in glaucoma patients have been performed with snapshot tonometry techniques that obtain iop measurements at single time points weeks to months apart. however, iop telemetry has shown that iop varies from second-to-second due to blinks, saccades, and systolic vascular filling. the purpose of this study was to characterize the cyclic pattern of baseline iop and transient iop fluctuations in 3 nonhuman primates (nhps) ... | 2019 | 31170817 |
| effects of early maternal care on adolescent attention bias to threat in nonhuman primates. | attention bias towards threat using dot-probe tasks has mainly been reported in adults with stress-related disorders such as ptsd and other anxiety disorders, in some cases associated with early life stress or traumatic experiences. studies during adolescence are scarce and inconsistent, which highlights the need to increase our understanding of the developmental processes that predict attentional biases, given that this is a time of emergence of psychopathology. here, we use a translational non ... | 2019 | 31170549 |
| potent neutralizing antibodies elicited by dengue vaccine in rhesus macaque target diverse epitopes. | there is still no safe and effective vaccine against dengue virus infection. epidemics of dengue virus infection are increasingly a threat to human health around the world. antibodies generated in response to dengue infection have been shown to impact disease development and effectiveness of dengue vaccine. in this study, we investigated monoclonal antibody responses to an experimental dengue vaccine in rhesus macaques. variable regions of both heavy chain (vh) and light chain (vl) were cloned f ... | 2019 | 31170257 |
| post-decision processing in primate prefrontal cortex influences subsequent choices on an auditory decision-making task. | perceptual decisions do not occur in isolation but instead reflect ongoing evaluation and adjustment processes that can affect future decisions. however, the neuronal substrates of these across-decision processes are not well understood, particularly for auditory decisions. we measured and manipulated the activity of choice-selective neurons in the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (vlpfc) while monkeys made decisions about the frequency content of noisy auditory stimuli. as the decision was being ... | 2019 | 31169495 |
| tlr7 agonist administration to siv-infected macaques receiving early initiated cart does not induce plasma viremia. | reduction/elimination of hiv-1 reservoirs that persist despite combination antiretroviral therapy (cart) will likely require induction of viral expression by residual infected cells and enhanced clearance of these cells. tlr7 agonists have potential to mediate these activities. we evaluated immunologic and virologic effects of repeated doses of the tlr7 agonist gs-9620 in siv-infected rhesus macaques receiving cart, which was initiated at 13 days after infection and was continued for 75 weeks pr ... | 2019 | 31167974 |
| simian immunodeficiency virus infection modulates cd94+ (klrd1+) nk cells in rhesus macaques. | recently, we and others have shown that natural killer (nk) cells exhibit memory-like recall responses against cytomegalovirus (cmv) and human immunodeficiency/virus simian immunodeficiency virus (hiv/siv) infections. although the mechanism(s) have not been fully delineated, several groups have shown that the activating receptor nkg2c is elevated on nk cells in the context of rhesus cmv (rhcmv) or human cmv (hcmv) infections. cd94, which heterodimerizes with nkg2c is also linked to adaptive nk c ... | 2019 | 31167916 |
| viewing heterospecific facial expressions: an eye-tracking study of human and monkey viewers. | common facial expressions of emotion have distinctive patterns of facial muscle movements that are culturally similar among humans, and perceiving these expressions is associated with stereotypical gaze allocation at local facial regions that are characteristic for each expression, such as eyes in angry faces. it is, however, unclear to what extent this 'universality' view can be extended to process heterospecific facial expressions, and how 'social learning' process contributes to heterospecifi ... | 2019 | 31165915 |
| brains of rhesus monkeys display aβ deposits and glial pathology while lacking aβ dimers and other alzheimer's pathologies. | cerebral amyloid beta (aβ) deposits are the main early pathology of alzheimer's disease (ad). however, abundant aβ deposits also occur spontaneously in the brains of many healthy people who are free of ad with advancing aging. a crucial unanswered question in ad prevention is why ad does not develop in some elderly people, despite the presence of aβ deposits. the answer may lie in the composition of aβ oligomer isoforms in the aβ deposits of healthy brains, which are different from ad brains. ho ... | 2019 | 31165579 |
| reactions to novel objects in monkeys: what does it mean to be neophobic? | animals' reactions to novel objects vary not only with zoological taxa and their ecology but also in the types of presented stimuli, the context, and individual characteristics. behavioral reactions can vary from extremely neophobic (avoiding novel objects) to extremely neophilic (intense exploration of novel objects); most often, a mixture of these behavioral patterns appears. in primates, reactions toward novel objects vary according to species, age, sex, population, and the types of objects. ... | 2019 | 31165297 |
| virtual rhesus labyrinth model predicts responses to electrical stimulation delivered by a vestibular prosthesis. | to better understand the spread of prosthetic current in the inner ear and to facilitate design of electrode arrays and stimulation protocols for a vestibular implant system intended to restore sensation after loss of vestibular hair cell function, we created a model of the primate labyrinth. because the geometry of the implanted ear is complex, accurately modeling effects of prosthetic stimuli on vestibular afferent activity required a detailed representation of labyrinthine anatomy. model geom ... | 2019 | 31165284 |
| correlation between disease severity and the intestinal microbiome in mycobacterium tuberculosis-infected rhesus macaques. | the factors that determine host susceptibility to tuberculosis (tb) are poorly defined. the microbiota has been identified as a key influence on the nutritional, metabolic, and immunological status of the host, although its role in the pathogenesis of tb is currently unclear. here, we investigated the influence of mycobacterium tuberculosis exposure on the microbiome and conversely the impact of the intestinal microbiome on the outcome of m. tuberculosis exposure in a rhesus macaque model of tub ... | 2019 | 31164469 |
| monocyte polarization is altered by total-body irradiation in male rhesus macaques: implications for delayed effects of acute radiation exposure. | radiation-induced fibrosis (rif) is a common delayed effect of acute ionizing radiation exposure (deare) affecting diverse tissues including the heart, lungs, liver and skin, leading to reduced tissue function and increased morbidity. monocytes, which may be classified into classical (cd14++, cd16-), intermediate (cd14++, cd16+) and non-classical (cd14+/low, cd16++) subtypes in humans and non-human primates (nhps), and monocyte-derived macrophages may play an integral role in the pathogenesis of ... | 2019 | 31161966 |
| current in vivo models of varicella-zoster virus neurotropism. | varicella-zoster virus (vzv), an exclusively human herpesvirus, causes chickenpox and establishes a latent infection in ganglia, reactivating decades later to produce zoster and associated neurological complications. an understanding of vzv neurotropism in humans has long been hampered by the lack of an adequate animal model. for example, experimental inoculation of vzv in small animals including guinea pigs and cotton rats results in the infection of ganglia but not a rash. the severe combined ... | 2019 | 31159224 |
| identification of novel rhesus macaque micrornas from naïve whole blood. | micrornas (mirnas) are emerging as novel molecular tools for diagnosing and treating diseases. rhesus monkeys (macaca mulatta) are the most widely used nonhuman primate species for biomedical studies, yet only 912 mature mirnas have been identified in this species compared to 2654 in humans and 1978 in mice. the aim of this project was to help bridge that gap in knowledge by evaluating circulating mirna in naïve rhesus monkeys and comparing results with currently available databases in different ... | 2019 | 31154603 |
| safety, toxicity and immunogenicity of a malaria vaccine based on the circumsporozoite protein (fmp013) with the adjuvant army liposome formulation containing qs21 (alfq). | antibodies to circumsporozoite protein (csp) confer protection against controlled human malaria infection (chmi) caused by the parasite plasmodium falciparum. although csp is highly immunogenic, it does not induce long lasting protection and efforts to improve csp-specific immunological memory and duration of protection are underway. we have previously reported that the clinical grade csp vaccine fmp013 was immunogenic and protective against malaria challenge in mice when combined with the army ... | 2019 | 31151801 |
| surgical treatment of spontaneous endometriosis in rhesus macaques (macaca mulatta): 11 cases (2007-2011). | objective to determine long-term outcome for rhesus macaques (macaca mulatta) with endometriosis that underwent surgical treatment and identify factors potentially associated with long-term outcome. design retrospective case series. animals 11 female rhesus macaques. procedures medical records of female rhesus macaques in which endometriosis was diagnosed between 2007 and 2011 and that underwent abdominal exploratory surgery were reviewed. results in 5 macaques, the only clinical abnormality was ... | 2019 | 31149880 |
| boosting bcg with proteins or rad5 does not enhance protection against tuberculosis in rhesus macaques. | tuberculosis (tb) is the leading cause of death from infection worldwide. the only approved vaccine, bcg, has variable protective efficacy against pulmonary tb, the transmissible form of the disease. therefore, improving this efficacy is an urgent priority. this study assessed whether heterologous prime-boost vaccine regimens in which bcg priming is boosted with either (i) protein and adjuvant (m72 plus as01e or h56 plus caf01) delivered intramuscularly (im), or (ii) replication-defective recomb ... | 2019 | 31149352 |
| image correction for diffusion tensor imaging of rhesus monkey thoracic spinal cord. | the relatively tiny spinal cord of non-human primate (nhp) causes increased challenge in diffusion tensor imaging (dti) post-processing. this study aimed to establish a reliable correction strategy applied to clinical dti images of nhp. | 2019 | 31148186 |
| simian varicella virus dna in saliva and buccal cells after experimental acute infection in rhesus macaques. | simian varicella virus (svv) infection of non-human primates is the counterpart of varicella zoster virus (vzv) infection in humans. to develop non-invasive methods of assessing svv infection, we tested for the presence of svv dna in saliva, as has been documented in human vzv infection, and in buccal cells to determine whether epithelial cells might provide a more reliable source of material for analysis. five rhesus macaques intratracheally inoculated with svv all developed varicella with vire ... | 2019 | 31143167 |
| immunization expands b cells specific to hiv-1 v3 glycan in mice and macaques. | broadly neutralizing monoclonal antibodies protect against infection with hiv-1 in animal models, suggesting that a vaccine that elicits these antibodies would be protective in humans. however, it has not yet been possible to induce adequate serological responses by vaccination. here, to activate b cells that express precursors of broadly neutralizing antibodies within polyclonal repertoires, we developed an immunogen, rc1, that facilitates the recognition of the variable loop 3 (v3)-glycan patc ... | 2019 | 31142836 |
| a single substitution in gp41 modulates the neutralization profile of shiv during in vivo adaptation. | the hiv-1 envelope glycoprotein (env) maintains a delicate balance between mediating viral entry and escaping antibody neutralization. adaptation during transmission of neutralization-sensitive envs with an "open" conformation remains poorly understood. by passaging a replication-competent simian-human immunodeficiency virus carrying a highly neutralization-sensitive env (shivcne40) in rhesus macaques, we show that shivcne40 develops enhanced replication kinetics associated with neutralization r ... | 2019 | 31141685 |
| toward a standardized test of fearful temperament in primates: a sensitive alternative to the human intruder task for laboratory-housed rhesus macaques (macaca mulatta). | standardized and sensitive tests to assess differences in temperament among primates housed in captivity are essential for monitoring welfare and improving science outcomes through reduced noise in data. fearful temperament in primates has traditionally been assessed using the human intruder test (hit) in which duration of bodily freeze in response to approach by an unknown human is measured. the hit is susceptible to variation between facilities in execution, interpretation of data and could be ... | 2019 | 31139115 |
| neuroinflammatory changes in relation to cerebrospinal fluid viral load in simian immunodeficiency virus encephalitis. | the exact cause of neurocognitive dysfunction in hiv-positive patients despite successful control of the infection in the periphery is not completely understood. one suggested mechanism is a vicious cycle of microglial activation and release of proinflammatory chemokines/cytokines that eventually leads to neuronal loss and dysfunction. however, the exact role of microglial activation in the earliest stages of the infection with high cerebrospinal fluid (csf) viral loads (vl) is unclear. in this ... | 2019 | 31138753 |
| simultaneous coinfection of macaques with zika and dengue viruses does not enhance acute plasma viremia but leads to activation of monocyte subsets and biphasic release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. | the consequences of simultaneous infection with zika (zikv) and dengue (denv) viruses are poorly understood. here we show that rhesus macaques experimentally coinfected simultaneously with zikv and denv-2 demonstrated zikv or denv replication without an enhancement of either infection. coinfection was accompanied by an increase in the proportions of cd14+cd16+ pro-inflammatory subsets of monocytes and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the plasma. numerous cytokines such as i-tac, eotaxin, ... | 2019 | 31133721 |
| monkey recovery from spinal cord hemisection: nerve repair strategies for rhesus macaques. | repair of spinal cord injury (sci) using peripheral nerve graft (png) and acidic fibroblast growth factor (afgf) has shown promising results in rats and a few human patients, but not in nonhuman primates. the aim of this study was to verify the effective use of png and afgf for repairing incomplete sci in nonhuman primates. | 2019 | 31132502 |
| human plasma-derived butyrylcholinesterase is behaviorally safe and effective in cynomolgus macaques (macaca fascicularis) challenged with soman. | organophosphorus compounds (op) pose a significant threat. administration of human butyrylcholinesterase (hubche) may reduce or prevent op toxicity. thus, we evaluated the safety and efficacy of hubche in monkeys using sensitive neurobehavioral tests while concurrently characterizing absorption and elimination in the presence and absence of high-dose soman exposure to predict time course and degree of protection. eight young adult male cynomolgus macaques were trained on two distinct automated t ... | 2019 | 31129133 |
| lentiviral vector-mediated expression of exoenzyme c3 transferase lowers intraocular pressure in monkeys. | primary open-angle glaucoma (poag) is considered a lifelong disease characterized by optic nerve deterioration and visual field damage. although the disease progression can usually be controlled by lowering the intraocular pressure (iop), therapeutic effects of current approaches do not last long. gene therapy could be a promising method for persistent treatment of the disease. our previous study demonstrated that gene transfer of exoenzyme c3 transferase (c3) to the trabecular meshwork (tm) to ... | 2019 | 31129118 |
| dose-dependent effects of chronic alcohol drinking on peripheral immune responses. | it is well established that chronic heavy alcohol drinking (chd) results in significant organ damage, increased susceptibility to infections, and poor outcomes following injury. in contrast, chronic moderate drinking (cmd) has been associated with improved cardiovascular health and immunity. these differential outcomes have been linked to alterations in both innate and adaptive branches of the immune system; however, the mechanisms remain poorly understood. to address this question, we determine ... | 2019 | 31127176 |
| alopecia in rhesus macaques (macaca mulatta): association with pregnancy and chronic stress. | alopecia in captive non-human primates is often presented as a welfare issue. however, it is a complex condition with a number of possible causes. the purpose of this study was to assess the impact of pregnancy and hair cortisol concentrations on alopecia in rhesus macaques. | 2019 | 31124179 |
| conservation of molecular and cellular phenotypes of invariant nkt cells between humans and non-human primates. | invariant nkt (inkt) cells in both humans and non-human primates are activated by the glycolipid antigen, α-galactosylceramide (α-galcer). however, the extent to which the molecular mechanisms of antigen recognition and in vivo phenotypes of inkt cells are conserved among primate species has not been determined. using an evolutionary genetic approach, we found a lack of diversifying selection in cd1 genes over 45 million years of evolution, which stands in stark contrast to the history of the mh ... | 2019 | 31123763 |
| preserved extrastriate visual network in a monkey with substantial, naturally occurring damage to primary visual cortex. | lesions of primary visual cortex (v1) lead to loss of conscious visual perception with significant impact on human patients. understanding the neural consequences of such damage may aid the development of rehabilitation methods. in this rare case of a rhesus macaque (monkey s), likely born without v1, the animal's in-group behaviour was unremarkable, but visual task training was impaired. with multi-modal magnetic resonance imaging, visual structures outside of the lesion appeared normal. visual ... | 2019 | 31120417 |
| lack of susceptibility in neonatally infected rhesus macaques to simian immunodeficiency virus-induced encephalitis. | despite combination antiretroviral therapies making hiv a chronic rather than terminal condition for many people, the prevalence of hiv-associated neurocognitive disorders (hand) is increasing. this is especially problematic for children living with hiv. children diagnosed hand rarely display the hallmark pathology of hiv encephalitis in adults, namely infected macrophages and multinucleated giant cells in the brain. this finding has also been documented in rhesus macaques infected perinatally w ... | 2019 | 31119711 |
| isolation and strategies of novel tetranucleotide microsatellites with polymorphisms from different chromosomes of the rhesus monkey (macaca mulatta). | a total of 45 tetranucleotide chromosome-specific microsatellite markers with polymorphism were developed successfully based on three reference rhesus monkey genomes and on in-silico pcr prescreening. the polymorphic information content (pic) values of 45 polymorphic microsatellite loci ranged from 0.487 to 0.879, with an average of 0.715, which were proven to be moderate to highly polymorphic. we detected 315 alleles on 45 microsatellite loci in 24 rhesus monkeys. the number of alleles ranged f ... | 2019 | 31119442 |
| epha7 functions as receptor on bjab cells for cell-to-cell transmission of the kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus and for cell-free infection by the related rhesus monkey rhadinovirus. | kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) is the causative agent of kaposi's sarcoma and is associated with two b cell malignancies, primary effusion lymphoma (pel) and the plasmablastic variant of multicentric castleman's disease. on several adherent cell types, epha2 functions as a cellular receptor for the gh/gl glycoprotein complex of kshv. kshv gh/gl also has previously been found to interact weakly with other members of the eph family of receptor tyrosine kinases (ephs), and other a-t ... | 2019 | 31118261 |
| effects of early life stress on cocaine self-administration in post-pubertal male and female rhesus macaques. | early life stress (els), including childhood maltreatment, is a predictive factor for the emergence of cocaine use disorders (cuds) in adolescence. | 2019 | 31115612 |
| cannabinoid attenuation of intestinal inflammation in chronic siv-infected rhesus macaques involves t cell modulation and differential expression of micro-rnas and pro-inflammatory genes. | cannabis use is frequent in hiv-infected individuals for its appetite stimulation and anti-inflammatory effects. to identify the underlying molecular mechanisms associated with these effects, we simultaneously profiled micro-rna (mirna) and mrna expression in the colon of chronically simian immunodeficiency virus (siv)-infected rhesus macaques administered either vehicle (veh/siv; n = 9) or δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (δ9-thc; thc/siv; n = 8). pro-inflammatory mir-130a, mir-222, and mir-29b, lipopol ... | 2019 | 31114576 |
| mucosal t follicular helper cells in siv-infected rhesus macaques: contributing role of il-27. | mesenteric lymph nodes (mlns), that drain the large and small intestine, are critical sites for the induction of oral tolerance. although depletion of cd4 t cells in the intestinal lamina propria is a hallmark of hiv infection, cd4 t cell dynamics in mlns is less known due to the lack of accessibility to these lns. we demonstrate the early loss of memory cd4 t cells, including t follicular helper cells (tfh) and a remodeling of mln architecture in siv-infected rhesus macaques (rms). along with t ... | 2019 | 31114010 |
| thalamus exhibits less sensory variability quenching than cortex. | spiking activity exhibits a large degree of variability across identical trials, which has been shown to be significantly reduced by stimulus onset in a wide range of cortical areas. whether similar dynamics apply to the thalamus and in particular to the pulvinar is largely unknown. here, we examined electrophysiological recordings from two adult rhesus macaques performing a perceptual task and comparatively investigated trial-to-trial variability in higher-order thalamus (ventral and dorsal pul ... | 2019 | 31110242 |
| early social stress promotes inflammation and disease risk in rhesus monkeys. | early social stress has potent lifelong health effects. we examined the association of early stress in the attachment relationship (low maternal sensitivity, low ms), lower maternal social hierarchy rank, and greater frequency of group-level social conflict, with biomarkers of inflammatory stress response in plasma (il-8, mcp-1 and crp collected two hours after temporary separation from mothers and social groups) and risk for developing a common macaques disease outcome (infectious colitis) in 1 ... | 2019 | 31110226 |
| atomoxetine improves memory and other components of executive function in young-adult rats and aged rhesus monkeys. | atomoxetine is a norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor and fda-approved treatment for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (adhd) in children, adolescents, and adults. while there is some evidence that atomoxetine may improve additional domains of cognition beyond attention in both young adults and aged individuals, this subject has not been extensively investigated. here, we evaluated atomoxetine (in low mg/kg doses) in a variable stimulus duration (vsd) and a variable intertrial interval (viti ... | 2019 | 31108108 |
| maternal and breast milk influences on the infant gut microbiome, enteric health and growth outcomes of rhesus monkeys. | gut bacteria play an essential role during infancy and are strongly influenced by the mode of birth and feeding. a primate model was used to investigate the benefits of exposure to the mother or conversely the negative impact of early nursery rearing on microbial colonization. | 2019 | 31107796 |
| impact of polypropylene prolapse mesh on vaginal smooth muscle in rhesus macaque. | the use of polypropylene prolapse mesh to treat pelvic organ prolapse has been limited by mesh-related complications. gynemesh ps mesh, implanted via sacrocolpopexy in rhesus macaques, had a negative impact on the vagina with thinning of vaginal muscularis and decreased vaginal smooth muscle contractility. the negative effect was attenuated when a bioscaffold derived from urinary bladder extracellular matrix was used as a composite with gynemesh ps. | 2019 | 31102587 |
| quantitative organization of the excitatory synapses of the primate cerebellar nuclei: further evidence for a specialized architecture underlying the primate cerebellum. | the cerebellar intrinsic connectivity is of remarkable regularity with a similar build repeated many times over. however, several modifications of this basic circuitry occur that can provide important clues to evolutionary adaptations. we have observed differences in the wiring of the cerebellar output structures (the deep cerebellar nuclei, dcn) with higher dendritic length density in the phylogenetically newer dcn. in rats, we showed that an increase in wiring is associated with an increase in ... | 2019 | 31101974 |
| bioinformatics resource manager: a systems biology web tool for microrna and omics data integration. | the bioinformatics resource manager (brm) is a web-based tool developed to facilitate identifier conversion and data integration for homo sapiens (human), mus musculus (mouse), rattus norvegicus (rat), danio rerio (zebrafish), and macaca mulatta (macaque), as well as perform orthologous conversions among the supported species. in addition to providing a robust means of identifier conversion, brm also incorporates a suite of microrna (mirna)-target databases upon which to query target genes or to ... | 2019 | 31101000 |
| flexible gaze-following in rhesus monkeys. | humans are characterized by complex social cognitive abilities that emerge early in development. comparative studies of nonhuman primates can illuminate the evolutionary history of these social capacities. we examined the cognitive skills that rhesus monkeys (macaca mulatta) use to follow gaze, a foundational skill in human social development. while rhesus monkeys can make inferences about others' gaze when competing, it is unclear how they think about gaze information in other contexts. in stud ... | 2019 | 31098850 |
| pacing behaviour in laboratory macaques is an unreliable indicator of acute stress. | pacing behaviour, the most frequent stereotypic behaviour displayed by laboratory rhesus macaques (macaca mulatta) is often used as an indicator of stress. in this study, we investigated how reliable this welfare indicator is at detecting acute stress by testing the reaction of macaques to the stressful event of being exposed to an agonistic interaction between conspecifics housed in the same room but in a different cage. pacing, agitated locomotion, and stress-related displacement behaviours we ... | 2019 | 31097776 |
| correction to: chronic phencyclidine treatment impairs spatial working memory in rhesus monkeys. | after publication of this paper, the authors determined an error in fig. 2c. | 2019 | 31093720 |
| simian-human immunodeficiency virus shiv.ch505-infected infant and adult rhesus macaques exhibit similar env-specific antibody kinetics, despite distinct t-follicular helper and germinal center b cell landscapes. | global elimination of pediatric human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infections will require the development of novel immune-based approaches, and understanding infant immunity to hiv is critical to guide the rational design of these intervention strategies. despite their immunological immaturity, chronically hiv-infected children develop broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnabs) more frequently and earlier than adults do. however, the ontogeny of humoral responses during acute hiv infection is poor ... | 2019 | 31092583 |
| the research of transgenic human nucleus pulposus cell transplantation in the treatment of lumbar disc degeneration. | the present study determines whether the in vivo injection of tgfβ1 and ctgf mediated by aav2 to transfect nucleus pulposus cells in degenerative lumbar discs can reverse the biological effects of rhesus lumbar disc degeneration. a total of 42 lumbar discs obtained from six rhesus monkeys were classified into three groups: experimental group, control group, and blank group. degenerative lumbar discs were respectively injected with double gene-transfected human nucleus pulposus cells using minima ... | 2019 | 31091017 |
| a heterologous prime-boost strategy for immunization against dengue virus combining the tetra diiic subunit vaccine candidate with the tv005 live-attenuated tetravalent vaccine. | the development of live-attenuated vaccines against dengue virus (denv) has been problematic. dengvaxia, licensed in several countries where denv is endemic, has shown low efficacy profiles and there are safety concerns prohibiting its administration to children younger than 9 years old, and the live-attenuated tetravalent vaccine (latv) developed by niaid has proven too reactogenic during clinical trialing. in this work we examined whether the combination of tv005, a latv-derived formulation, w ... | 2019 | 31090533 |
| of starch and spit. | animals living alongside humans have multiple copies of the gene for alpha-amylase, the enzyme that breaks down starchy foods, and high levels of this protein in their saliva. | 2019 | 31084712 |
| independent amylase gene copy number bursts correlate with dietary preferences in mammals. | the amylase gene (amy), which codes for a starch-digesting enzyme in animals, underwent several gene copy number gains in humans (perry et al., 2007), dogs (axelsson et al., 2013), and mice (schibler et al., 1982), possibly along with increased starch consumption during the evolution of these species. here, we present comprehensive evidence for amy copy number expansions that independently occurred in several mammalian species which consume diets rich in starch. we also provide correlative evide ... | 2019 | 31084707 |
| delayed vaginal shiv infection in vrc01 and anti-α4β7 treated rhesus macaques. | vrc01 protects macaques from vaginal shiv infection after a single high-dose challenge. infusion of a simianized anti-α4β7 mab (rh-α4β7) just prior to, and during repeated vaginal exposures to sivmac251 partially protected macaques from vaginal siv infection and rescued cd4+ t cells. to investigate the impact of combining vrc01 and rh-α4β7 on shiv infection, 3 groups of macaques were treated with a suboptimal dosing of vrc01 alone or in combination with rh-α4β7 or with control antibodies prior t ... | 2019 | 31083697 |
| slow delivery immunization enhances hiv neutralizing antibody and germinal center responses via modulation of immunodominance. | conventional immunization strategies will likely be insufficient for the development of a broadly neutralizing antibody (bnab) vaccine for hiv or other difficult pathogens because of the immunological hurdles posed, including b cell immunodominance and germinal center (gc) quantity and quality. we found that two independent methods of slow delivery immunization of rhesus monkeys (rms) resulted in more robust t follicular helper (tfh) cell responses and gc b cells with improved env-binding, track ... | 2019 | 31080066 |
| evolution of the gut microbiome following acute hiv-1 infection. | in rhesus macaques, simian immunodeficiency virus infection is followed by expansion of enteric viruses but has a limited impact on the gut bacteriome. to understand the longitudinal effects of hiv-1 infection on the human gut microbiota, we prospectively followed 49 mozambican subjects diagnosed with recent hiv-1 infection (rhi) and 54 hiv-1-negative controls for 9-18 months and compared them with 98 chronically hiv-1-infected subjects treated with antiretrovirals (n = 27) or not (n = 71). | 2019 | 31078141 |
| interindividual variability of functional connectivity in awake and anesthetized rhesus macaque monkeys. | nonhuman primate (nhp) models are commonly used to advance our understanding of brain function and organization. however, to date, they have offered few insights into individual differences among nhps. in large part, this is due to the logistical challenges of nhp research, which limit most studies to 5 subjects or fewer. | 2019 | 31072758 |
| mucosal-activated invariant t cells do not exhibit significant lung recruitment and proliferation profiles in macaques in response to infection with mycobacterium tuberculosis cdc1551. | tb is a catastrophic infectious disease, affecting roughly one third of the world's population. mucosal-associated invariant t (mait) cells are innate-like t cells that recognize vitamin b metabolites produced by bacteria, possess effector memory phenotype, and express tissue-homing markers driving migration to sites of infection. previous research in both mtb and hiv infections has shown that mait cells are depleted in the human periphery, possibly migrating to the tissue sites of infection. we ... | 2019 | 31072689 |
| simulated weightlessness procedure, head-down bed rest impairs adult neurogenesis in the hippocampus of rhesus macaque. | the microgravity environment in space can impact astronauts' cognitive and behavioral activities. however, due to the limitations of research conditions, studies of biological changes in the primate brain, such as neurogenesis, have been comparatively few. we take advantage of - 6° head-down bed rest (hdbr), one of the most implemented space analogue on the ground, to investigate the effects of weightlessness on neurogenesis of non-human primate brain. rhesus macaque monkeys were subjected to hd ... | 2019 | 31072406 |
| a method for assessing recovery of fine motor function of the hand in a rhesus monkey model of cortical injury: an adaptation of the fugl-meyer scale and eshkol-wachman movement notation. | motor dysfunction of the upper extremity can result from stroke, cortical injury and neurological diseases and causes significant disruption of activities of daily living. while some spontaneous recovery in terms of compensatory movements does occur after injury to cortical motor areas, full recovery is rare. the distinction between complete recovery and compensatory recovery is important as the development of compensatory movements in the upper extremity may not translate into full functional u ... | 2019 | 31072219 |
| zika virus infection induces elevation of tissue factor production and apoptosis on human umbilical vein endothelial cells. | zika virus (zikv) infection is typically characterized by a mild disease presenting with fever, maculopapular rash, headache, fatigue, myalgia, and arthralgia. a recent animal study found that zikv-infected pregnant ifnar-/-mice developed vascular damage in the placenta and reduced amount of fetal capillaries. moreover, zikv infection causes segmental thrombosis in the umbilical cord of pregnant rhesus macaques. furthermore, several case reports suggest that zikv infection cause coagulation diso ... | 2019 | 31068911 |
| neuronal effects of spatial and feature attention differ due to normalization. | although spatial and feature attention have differing effects on neuronal responses in visual cortex, it remains unclear why. response normalization has been implicated in both types of attention (carandini and heeger, 2011), and single-unit studies have demonstrated that the magnitude of spatial attention effects on neuronal responses covaries with the magnitude of normalization effects. however, the relationship between feature attention and normalization remains largely unexplored. we recorde ... | 2019 | 31068439 |
| k63-linked ubiquitin is required for restriction of hiv-1 reverse transcription and capsid destabilization by rhesus trim5α. | trim5α is an antiviral restriction factor that inhibits retroviral infection in a species-specific fashion. trim5α binds to and forms assemblies around the retroviral capsid. following binding, poorly understood, ubiquitin-dependent events lead to the disassembly of the viral core, prior to the accumulation of viral reverse transcription products in the target cell. it is also known that assemblies of trim5α and other trim family proteins can be targets of autophagic degradation. the goal of thi ... | 2019 | 31068426 |
| revised recommendations for health monitoring of non-human primate colonies (2018): felasa working group report. | the genetic and biological similarity between non-human primates and humans has ensured the continued use of primates in biomedical research where other species cannot be used. health-monitoring programmes for non-human primates provide an approach to monitor and control both endemic and incoming agents that may cause zoonotic and anthroponotic disease or interfere with research outcomes. in 1999 felasa recommendations were published which aimed to provide a harmonized approach to health monitor ... | 2019 | 31068070 |
| ocular safety evaluation of blue light scleral cross-linking in vivo in rhesus macaques. | to investigate the safety of blue light scleral cross-linking (sxl) by evaluating changes in biological parameters in the retina and choroid in the eyes of rhesus macaques (macaca mulatta). | 2019 | 31065848 |
| ultrastructural localization of dreadds in monkeys. | designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs (dreadds) are extensively used to modulate neuronal activity in rodents, but their use in primates remains limited. an essential need that remains is the demonstration that dreadds are efficiently expressed on the plasma membrane of primate neurons. to address this issue, electron microscopy immunogold was used to determine the subcellular localization of the aav vector-induced dreadds hm4di and hm3dq fused to different tags in various b ... | 2019 | 31063250 |
| disrupted folate metabolism with anesthesia leads to myelination deficits mediated by epigenetic regulation of ermn. | exposure to anesthetics during early life may impair cognitive functions. however, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. we set out to determine effects of sevoflurane anesthesia on folate metabolism and myelination in young non-human primates, mice and children. | 2019 | 31060905 |
| high detection rate and high genetic diversity of genogroup i picobirnaviruses from roe deer. | picobirnaviruses (pbvs) have been characterized as opportunistic enteric pathogens detected in various domestic, zoo and wild animals, suggesting a wide host range of these viruses. it is thus important to monitor wild animals for the presence of various human and animal pathogens in order to identify a potential reservoir of infectious diseases. in this study, the first phylogenetic analysis of pbv from roe deer (capreolus capreolus) was performed with a total of 70 investigated samples of fece ... | 2019 | 31059785 |
| re: donor spermatogenesis in de novo formed seminiferous tubules from transplanted testicular cells in rhesus monkey testis. | 2019 | 31059661 | |
| early changes of ocular biological parameters in rhesus monkeys after scleral cross-linking with riboflavin/ultraviolet-a. | to evaluate the ocular biological parameter difference between scleral corneal cross-linking (cxl) and control eyes in rhesus monkeys by using a rebound tonometer, a-scan ultrasonography, retinoscopy, optical coherence tomography, and electroretinography (erg). | 2019 | 31059583 |
| interferon-gamma test for the detection of mycobacterium tuberculosis complex infection in macaca mulatta and other non-human primates. | we have formatted an assay to detect mycobacterium tuberculosis complex infections of non-human primates. commercially available reagents were used to elicit a specific immune response that was measured by interferon-gamma release. initial evaluation using blood samples from rhesus macaques experimentally infected with m tuberculosis distinguished infected versus uninfected animals. | 2019 | 31056769 |
| quantification of movement in normal and parkinsonian macaques using video analysis. | quantification of spontaneous animal movement can be achieved using analysis of video recordings of the animals. previous reports of video-based methods are based on outdated computer platforms or require the use of specialized equipment. | 2019 | 31055027 |
| cerebellar purkinje cells control eye movements with a rapid rate code that is invariant to spike irregularity. | the rate and temporal pattern of neural spiking each have the potential to influence computation. in the cerebellum, it has been hypothesized that the irregularity of interspike intervals in purkinje cells affects their ability to transmit information to downstream neurons. accordingly, during oculomotor behavior in mice and rhesus monkeys, mean irregularity of purkinje cell spiking varied with mean eye velocity. however, moment-to-moment variations revealed a tight correlation between eye veloc ... | 2019 | 31050648 |
| antibody fab-fc properties outperform titer in predictive models of siv vaccine-induced protection. | characterizing the antigen-binding and innate immune-recruiting properties of the humoral response offers the chance to obtain deeper insights into mechanisms of protection than revealed by measuring only overall antibody titer. here, a high-throughput, multiplexed fab-fc array was employed to profile rhesus macaques vaccinated with a gp120-cd4 fusion protein in combination with different genetically encoded adjuvants, and subsequently subjected to multiple heterologous simian immunodeficiency v ... | 2019 | 31048360 |
| distinct amino acid and lipid perturbations characterize acute versus chronic malaria. | chronic malaria is a major public health problem and significant challenge for disease eradication efforts. despite its importance, the biological factors underpinning chronic malaria are not fully understood. recent studies have shown that host metabolic state can influence malaria pathogenesis and transmission, but its role in chronicity is not known. here, with the goal of identifying distinct modifications in the metabolite profiles of acute versus chronic malaria, metabolomics was performed ... | 2019 | 31045574 |
| low-dose maraviroc, an antiretroviral drug, attenuates the infiltration of t cells into the central nervous system and protects the nigrostriatum in hemiparkinsonian monkeys. | parkinson disease (pd) is the most common neurodegenerative movement disorder in humans. despite intense investigation, no effective therapy is available to stop the progression of this disease. it is becoming clear that both innate and adaptive immune responses are active in pd. accordingly, we have reported a marked increase in rantes and eotaxin, chemokines that are involved in t cell trafficking, in vivo in the substantia nigra (sn) and the serum of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridi ... | 2019 | 31043478 |
| an experimental group a streptococcus vaccine that reduces pharyngitis and tonsillitis in a nonhuman primate model. | group a streptococcus (gas) infections account for an estimated 500,000 deaths every year. this bacterial pathogen is responsible for a variety of mild and life-threatening infections and the triggering of chronic autoimmune sequelae. pharyngitis caused by group a streptococcus (gas), but not asymptomatic gas carriage, is a prerequisite for acute rheumatic fever (arf). repeated bouts of arf may trigger rheumatic heart disease (rhd), a major cause of heart failure and stroke accounting for 275,00 ... | 2019 | 31040243 |
| molecular prevalence and subtyping of cryptosporidium hominis among captive long-tailed macaques (macaca fascicularis) and rhesus macaques (macaca mulatta) from hainan island, southern china. | cryptosporidium is an important zoonotic parasite that is commonly found in non-human primates (nhps). consequently, there is the potential for transmission of this pathogen from nhps to humans. however, molecular characterization of the isolates of cryptosporidium from nhps remains relatively poor. the aim of the present work was to (i) determine the prevalence; and (ii) perform a genetic characterization of the cryptosporidium isolated from captive macaca fascicularis and m. mulatta on hainan ... | 2019 | 31039801 |
| chemokine receptor ccr5 correlates with functional cd8+ t cells in siv-infected macaques and the potential effects of maraviroc on t-cell activation. | c-c chemokine receptor 5 (ccr5) plays an essential role in hiv pathogenesis as the major coreceptor on cd4+ t cells used by hiv, yet the function of ccr5 on cd8 t cells is not well understood. furthermore, the immunologic effects of the ccr5 inhibitor maraviroc (mvc), despite approval for clinical use, have not yet been well evaluated for their potential effects on cytotoxic t-cell responses. in this study, we characterized the development and function of ccr5+cd8+ t cells in rhesus macaques wit ... | 2019 | 31034775 |
| a consensus guide to capturing the ability to inhibit actions and impulsive behaviors in the stop-signal task. | response inhibition is essential for navigating everyday life. its derailment is considered integral to numerous neurological and psychiatric disorders, and more generally, to a wide range of behavioral and health problems. response-inhibition efficiency furthermore correlates with treatment outcome in some of these conditions. the stop-signal task is an essential tool to determine how quickly response inhibition is implemented. despite its apparent simplicity, there are many features (ranging f ... | 2019 | 31033438 |
| superior intestinal integrity and limited microbial translocation are associated with lower immune activation in sivmac239-infected northern pig-tailed macaques (macaca leonina). | microbial translocation is a cause of systemic immune activation in hiv/siv infection. in the present study, we found a lower cd8+ t cell activation level in macaca leonina (northern pig-tailed macaques, npms) than in macaca mulatta (chinese rhesus macaques, chrms) during sivmac239 infection. furthermore, the levels of plasma lps-binding protein and soluble cd14 in npms were lower than those in chrms. compared with chrms, siv-infected npms had lower chiu scores, representing relatively normal in ... | 2019 | 31033262 |
| terminal organization of the corticospinal projection from the lateral premotor cortex to the cervical enlargement (c5-t1) in rhesus monkey. | high-resolution tract tracing and stereology were used to study the terminal organization of the corticospinal projection (csp) from the ventral (v) and dorsal (d) regions of the lateral premotor cortex (lpmc) to spinal levels c5-t1. the lpmcv csp originated from the postarcuate sulcus region, was bilateral, sparse, and primarily targeted the dorsolateral and ventromedial sectors of contralateral lamina vii. the convexity/lateral part of lpmcv did not project below c2. thus, very little lpmcv co ... | 2019 | 31032921 |
| replicating adenovirus-siv immunization of rhesus macaques induces mucosal dendritic cell activation and function leading to rectal immune responses. | inducing strong mucosal immune responses by vaccination is important for providing protection against simian immunodeficiency virus (siv). a replicating adenovirus type 5 host range mutant vector (ad5hr) expressing siv proteins induced mucosal immune responses in rectal tissue associated with delayed siv acquisition in female rhesus macaques, but the initial mechanisms leading to the induced immunity have not been elucidated. as dendritic cells (dcs) are known to orchestrate both innate and adap ... | 2019 | 31031768 |