Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
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| effect of european chafer larvae (coleoptera: scarabaeidae) on winter wheat and role of neonicotinoid seed treatments in their management. | a critical density of four third-instar larvae per 900 cm2 for european chafer, rhizotrogus (amphimallon) majalis (razoumowsky), in winter wheat, triticum aestivum l., was derived from small-plot greenhouse and field experiments conducted under favorable crop growing conditions at several ontario and michigan locations from 2001-2003. on average, plant weight was decreased by 14% and plant stand by 11% between zero and four larvae per 900 cm2. in a commercial field under moisture stress, a yield ... | 2015 | 26470167 |
| overexpression of a triticum aestivum calreticulin gene (tacrt1) improves salinity tolerance in tobacco. | calreticulin (crt) is a highly conserved and abundant multifunctional protein that is encoded by a small gene family and is often associated with abiotic/biotic stress responses in plants. however, the roles played by this protein in salt stress responses in wheat (triticum aestivum) remain obscure. in this study, three tacrt genes were identified in wheat and named tacrt1, tacrt2 and tacrt3-1 based on their sequence characteristics and their high homology to other known crt genes. quantitative ... | 2015 | 26469859 |
| w3 is a new wax locus that is essential for biosynthesis of β-diketone, development of glaucousness, and reduction of cuticle permeability in common wheat. | w3 is essential for β-diketone biosynthesis but suppresses its hydroxylation. loss-of-function mutation w3 significantly increased cuticle permeability in terms of water loss and chlorophyll efflux. | 2015 | 26468648 |
| effectiveness of genes for hessian fly (diptera: cecidomyiidae) resistance in the southeastern united states. | the hessian fly, mayetiola destructor (say) (diptera: cecidomyiidae), is the most important insect pest of wheat (triticum aestivum l. subsp. aestivum) in the southeastern united states, and the deployment of genetically resistant wheat is the most effective control. however, the use of resistant wheat results in the selection of pest genotypes that can overcome formerly resistant wheat. we have evaluated the effectiveness of 16 resistance genes for protection of wheat from hessian fly infestati ... | 2016 | 26468515 |
| development and molecular cytogenetic identification of a novel wheat-leymus mollis lm#7ns (7d) disomic substitution line with stripe rust resistance. | leymus mollis (2n = 4x = 28, nsnsxmxm) possesses novel and important genes for resistance against multi-fungal diseases. the development of new wheat-l. mollis introgression lines is of great significance for wheat disease resistance breeding. m11003-3-1-15-8, a novel disomic substitution line of common wheat cv. 7182 -l. mollis, developed and selected from the bc1f5 progeny between wheat cv. 7182 and octoploid tritileymus m47 (2n = 8x = 56, aabbddnsns), was characterized by morphological and cy ... | 2015 | 26465140 |
| anatomy and cytogenetic identification of a wheat-psathyrostachys huashanica keng line with early maturation. | in previous studies, our research team successfully transferred the ns genome from psathyrostachys huashanica keng into triticum aestivum (common wheat cv. 7182) using embryo culture. in the present study, one of these lines, i.e., hybrid progeny 25-10-3, which matured about 10-14 days earlier than its wheat parent, was assessed using sequenced characterized amplified region (scar) analysis, est-ssr and est-sts molecular markers, and genomic in situ hybridization (gish). we found that this was a ... | 2015 | 26461884 |
| two homolog wheat glycogen synthase kinase 3/shaggy--like kinases are involved in brassinosteroid signaling. | glycogen synthase kinase 3/shaggy-like kinases (gsks) are multifunctional non-receptor ser/thr kinases. plant gsks are involved in hormonal signaling networks and are required for growth, development, light as well as stress responses. so far, most studies have been carried out on arabidopsis or on other eudicotyledon gsks. here, we evaluated the role of task1 and task2, two homolog wheat (triticum aestivum) gsks, in brassinosteroid signaling. we explored in addition the physiological effects of ... | 2015 | 26458871 |
| diversifying crops for food and nutrition security - a case of teff. | there are more than 50000 known edible plants in the world, yet two-thirds of global plant-derived food is provided by only three major cereals - maize (zea mays), wheat (triticum aestivum) and rice (oryza sativa). the dominance of this triad, now considered truly global food commodities, has led to a decline in the number of crop species contributing to global food supplies. our dependence on only a few crop species limits our capability to deal with challenges posed by the adverse effects of c ... | 0 | 26456883 |
| identification of a new oat β-amylase by functional proteomics. | oat (avena sativa l.) seed extracts exhibited a high degree of catalytic activity including amylase activities. proteins in the oat seed extracts were optimized for their amylolytic activities. oat extract with amylolytic activity was separated by sds-page and a major protein band with an apparent molecular mass of 53 kda was subjected to tryptic digestion. the generated amino acid sequences were analyzed by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (lc/esi/ms/ms) and database searches. the ... | 2016 | 26455400 |
| impact of solid and hollow varieties of winter and spring wheat on severity of wheat stem sawfly (hymenoptera: cephidae) infestations and yield and quality of grain. | wheat stem sawfly (wss), cephus cinctus norton (hymenoptera: cephidae), has recently emerged as a key pest of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) in the great plains and canadian provinces. the expanding impact of wss has caused considerable economic losses to wheat production. solid-stem varieties of wheat remain the only effective measure of suppression of wss, and the goal of this research was to test whether five solid- and hollow-stem varieties of winter and spring wheat reduce survival of wss in ... | 2015 | 26453720 |
| multiple avirulence loci and allele-specific effector recognition control the pm3 race-specific resistance of wheat to powdery mildew. | in cereals, several mildew resistance genes occur as large allelic series; for example, in wheat (triticum aestivum and triticum turgidum), 17 functional pm3 alleles confer agronomically important race-specific resistance to powdery mildew (blumeria graminis). the molecular basis of race specificity has been characterized in wheat, but little is known about the corresponding avirulence genes in powdery mildew. here, we dissected the genetics of avirulence for six pm3 alleles and found that three ... | 2015 | 26452600 |
| assessment of the allergenic potential of transgenic wheat (triticum aestivum) with reduced levels of ω5-gliadins, the major sensitizing allergen in wheat-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis. | the ω5-gliadins are the major sensitizing allergens in wheat-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis (wdeia). in this study, two-dimensional immunoblot analysis was used to assess the allergenic potential of two transgenic wheat lines in which ω5-gliadin genes were silenced by rna interference. sera from 7 of 11 wdeia patients showed greatly reduced levels of immunoglobulin e (ige) reactivity to ω5-gliadins in both transgenic lines. however, these sera also showed low levels of reactivity to othe ... | 2015 | 26447559 |
| wheat wcbp1 encodes a putative copper-binding protein involved in stripe rust resistance and inhibition of leaf senescence. | stripe rust, a highly destructive foliar disease of wheat (triticum aestivum), causes severe losses, which may be accompanied by reduced photosynthetic activity and accelerated leaf senescence. | 2015 | 26444258 |
| genome distribution of differential homoeologue contributions to leaf gene expression in bread wheat. | using a combination of de novo transcriptome assembly, a newly developed 9495-marker transcriptome snp genetic linkage map and comparative genomics approaches, we developed an ordered set of nonredundant transcripts for each of the subgenomes of hexaploid wheat: a (47 160 unigenes), b (59 663 unigenes) and d (40 588 unigenes). we used these as reference sequences against which to map illumina mrna-seq reads derived from young leaf tissue. transcript abundance was quantified for each unigene. usi ... | 2016 | 26442792 |
| influence of stripe rust infection on the photosynthetic characteristics and antioxidant system of susceptible and resistant wheat cultivars at the adult plant stage. | wheat stripe rust (puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, pst), is one of the most serious diseases of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) worldwide. to gain a better understanding of the protective mechanism against stripe rust at the adult plant stage, the differences in photosystem ii and antioxidant enzymatic systems between susceptible and resistant wheat in response to stripe rust disease (p. striiformis) were investigated. we found that chlorophyll fluorescence and the activities of the antioxidan ... | 2015 | 26442087 |
| genome-wide association for grain yield under rainfed conditions in historical wheat cultivars from pakistan. | genome-wide association studies (gwas) were undertaken to identify snp markers associated with yield and yield-related traits in 123 pakistani historical wheat cultivars evaluated during 2011-2014 seasons under rainfed field conditions. the population was genotyped by using high-density illumina iselect 90k single nucleotide polymorphism (snp) assay, and finally 14,960 high quality snps were used in gwas. population structure examined using 1000 unlinked markers identified seven subpopulations ( ... | 2015 | 26442056 |
| proteomic analysis of middle and late stages of bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.) grain development. | proteomic approaches were applied in four grain developmental stages of the chinese bread wheat yunong 201 and its ethyl methanesulfonate (ems) mutant line yunong 3114. 2-de and tandem maldi-tof/tof-ms analyzed proteome characteristics during middle and late grain development of the chinese bread wheat yunong 201 and its ems mutant line yunong 3114 with larger grain sizes. we identified 130 differentially accumulated protein spots representing 88 unique proteins, and four main expression pattern ... | 2015 | 26442048 |
| characterization of low-molecular-weight glutenin subunit genes of aegilops section sitopsis and comparative analysis with those of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and some aegilops species. | 2015 | 26440091 | |
| molecular survey of tamyb10-1 genes and their association with grain colour and germinability in chinese wheat and aegilops tauschii. | to investigate allelic variation of myb10-1 genes in chinese wheat and to examine its association with germination level in wheat, a total of 582 chinese bread wheat cultivars and 110 aegilops tauschii accessions were used to identify allelic variations of three myb10-1 genes. identification results indicated that there is a novel tamyb10-b1 allele, designated tamyb10-b1c, in the five chinese landraces. the tamyb10-b1c possibly has a large deletion including tamyb10-b1 gene. there are three nove ... | 2015 | 26440084 |
| joint transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses reveal changes in the primary metabolism and imbalances in the subgenome orchestration in the bread wheat molecular response to fusarium graminearum. | fusarium head blight is a prevalent disease of bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.), which leads to considerable losses in yield and quality. quantitative resistance to the causative fungus fusarium graminearum is poorly understood. we integrated transcriptomics and metabolomics data to dissect the molecular response to the fungus and its main virulence factor, the toxin deoxynivalenol in near-isogenic lines segregating for two resistance quantitative trait loci, fhb1 and qfhs.ifa-5a. the data set ... | 2015 | 26438291 |
| wheat leaf lipids during heat stress: i. high day and night temperatures result in major lipid alterations. | understanding how wheat (triticum aestivum l.) plants under high temperature (ht) regulate lipid composition is critical to developing climate-resilient varieties. we measured 165 glycerolipids and sterol derivatives under optimum and high day and night temperatures in wheat leaves using electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry. levels of polar lipid fatty acyl chain unsaturation were lower in both heat-tolerant genotype ventnor and susceptible genotype karl 92 under ht, compared with op ... | 2016 | 26436679 |
| wheat leaf lipids during heat stress: ii. lipids experiencing coordinated metabolism are detected by analysis of lipid co-occurrence. | identifying lipids that experience coordinated metabolism during heat stress would provide information regarding lipid dynamics under stress conditions and assist in developing heat-tolerant wheat varieties. we hypothesized that co-occurring lipids, which are up-regulated or down-regulated together through time during heat stress, represent groups that can be explained by coordinated metabolism. wheat plants (triticum aestivum l.) were subjected to 12 days of high day and/or night temperature st ... | 2016 | 26436445 |
| genome-wide comparative analysis of flowering-related genes in arabidopsis, wheat, and barley. | early flowering is an important trait influencing grain yield and quality in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and barley (hordeum vulgare l.) in short-season cropping regions. however, due to large and complex genomes of these species, direct identification of flowering genes and their molecular characterization remain challenging. here, we used a bioinformatic approach to predict flowering-related genes in wheat and barley from 190 known arabidopsis (arabidopsis thaliana (l.) heynh.) flowering gene ... | 2015 | 26435710 |
| supplemental exogenous npk application alters biochemical processes to improve yield and drought tolerance in wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | the recent food security issues, combined with the threats from climate change, demand future farming systems to be more precise and accurate to fulfill the ever increasing global food requirements. the role of nutrients such as nitrogen (n), phosphorous (p), and potassium (k) in stimulating plant growth and development is well established; however, little is known about their function, if applied in combination, in improving crop yields under environmental stresses like drought. the aim of this ... | 2016 | 26432272 |
| optimizing tiller production and survival for grain yield improvement in a bread wheat × spelt mapping population. | tiller production and survival determine final spike number, and play key roles in grain yield formation in wheat (triticum aestivum). this study aimed to understand the genetic and physiological basis of the tillering process, and its trade-offs with other yield components, by introducing genetic variation in tillering patterns via a mapping population of wheat × spelt (triticum spelta). | 2016 | 26424785 |
| fine-mapping the wheat snn1 locus conferring sensitivity to the parastagonospora nodorum necrotrophic effector sntox1 using an eight founder multiparent advanced generation inter-cross population. | the necrotrophic fungus parastagonospora nodorum is an important pathogen of one of the world's most economically important cereal crops, wheat (triticum aestivum l.). p. nodorum produces necrotrophic protein effectors that mediate host cell death, providing nutrients for continuation of the infection process. the recent discovery of pathogen effectors has revolutionized disease resistance breeding for necrotrophic diseases in crop species, allowing often complex genetic resistance mechanisms to ... | 2015 | 26416667 |
| genotypic variation in the uptake, partitioning and remobilisation of nitrogen during grain-filling in wheat. | twenty elite varieties of wheat (triticum aestivum l.), primarily winter wheat, were grown with low and high supplies of nitrogen (n) in a field experiment at rothamsted, southern england, in the season 2004-05. the aim was to quantify genetic variation in the uptake, partitioning and remobilisation of n in individual plant organs at extreme rates of n supply. the biggest contibutor to variation in plant and crop performance was 'n-rate' followed by 'growth stage' and then 'genotype'. at both n- ... | 2014 | 26412936 |
| mitochondrial morphology and dynamics in triticum aestivum roots in response to rotenone and antimycin a. | mitochondria are dynamic organelles, capable of fusion and fission as a part of cellular responses to various signals, such as the shifts in the redox status of a cell. the mitochondrial electron transport chain (etc.) is involved in the generation of reactive oxygen species (ros), with complexes i and iii contributing the most to this process. disruptions of etc. can lead to increased ros generation. here, we demonstrate the appearance of giant mitochondria in wheat roots in response to simulta ... | 2016 | 26411562 |
| exploring the tertiary gene pool of bread wheat: sequence assembly and analysis of chromosome 5m(g) of aegilops geniculata. | next-generation sequencing (ngs) provides a powerful tool for the discovery of important genes and alleles in crop plants and their wild relatives. despite great advances in ngs technologies, whole-genome shotgun sequencing is cost-prohibitive for species with complex genomes. an attractive option is to reduce genome complexity to a single chromosome prior to sequencing. this work describes a strategy for studying the genomes of distant wild relatives of wheat by isolating single chromosomes fro ... | 2015 | 26408103 |
| genetic analysis of chromosomal loci affecting the content of insoluble glutenin in common wheat. | in common wheat, insoluble glutenin (ig) is an important fraction of flour glutenin macropolymers, and insoluble glutenin content (igc) is positively associated with key end-use quality parameters. here, we present a genetic analysis of the chromosomal loci affecting igc with the data collected from 90 common wheat varieties cultivated in four environments. statistical analysis showed that igc was controlled mainly genetically and influenced by the environment. among the major genetic components ... | 2015 | 26408094 |
| identification of low molecular weight glutenin alleles by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tof-ms) in common wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | low molecular weight glutenin subunits (lmw-gs) play an important role in determining dough properties and breadmaking quality. however, resolution of the currently used methodologies for analyzing lmw-gs is rather low which prevents an efficient use of genetic variations associated with these alleles in wheat breeding. the aim of the current study is to evaluate and develop a rapid, simple, and accurate method to differentiate lmw-gs alleles using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization tim ... | 2015 | 26407296 |
| harnessing next generation sequencing in climate change: rna-seq analysis of heat stress-responsive genes in wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | wheat is a staple food worldwide and provides 40% of the calories in the diet. climate change and global warming pose a threat to wheat production, however, and demand a deeper understanding of how heat stress might impact wheat production and wheat biology. however, it is difficult to identify novel heat stress associated genes when the genomic information is not available. wheat has a very large and complex genome that is about 37 times the size of the rice genome. the present study sequenced ... | 2015 | 26406536 |
| the distribution of cotransformed transgenes in particle bombardment-mediated transformed wheat. | although particle bombardment is the predominant method of foreign dna direct transfer, whether transgene is integrated randomly into the genome has not been determined. in this study, we identified the distribution of transgene loci in 45 transgenic wheat (triticum aestivum l.) lines containing co-transformed high molecular weight glutenin subunit genes and the selectable marker bar using fluorescence in situ hybridization. transgene loci were shown to distribute unevenly throughout the genome ... | 2015 | 26405007 |
| additive-dominance genetic model analyses for late-maturity alpha-amylase activity in a bread wheat factorial crossing population. | elevated level of late maturity α-amylase activity (lmaa) can result in low falling number scores, reduced grain quality, and downgrade of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) class. a mating population was developed by crossing parents with different levels of lmaa. the f2 and f3 hybrids and their parents were evaluated for lmaa, and data were analyzed using the r software package 'qgtools' integrated with an additive-dominance genetic model and a mixed linear model approach. simulated results showed h ... | 2015 | 26403988 |
| exogenous nitric oxide (no) interferes with lead (pb)-induced toxicity by detoxifying reactive oxygen species in hydroponically grown wheat (triticum aestivum) roots. | nitric oxide (no) is a bioactive signaling molecule that mediates a variety of biotic and abiotic stresses. the present study investigated the role of no (as snp [sodium nitroprusside]) in ameliorating lead (pb)-toxicity in triticum aestivum (wheat) roots. pb (50 and 250 μm) alone and in combination with snp (100 μm) was given to hydroponically grown wheat roots for a period of 0-8 h. no supplementation reduced the accumulation of oxidative stress markers (malondialdehyde, conjugated dienes, hyd ... | 2015 | 26402793 |
| identification and evaluation of endogenous control genes for use in quantitative rt-pcr during wheat (triticum aestivum l.) grain filling. | the use of appropriate reference genes is essential for the generation of accurate and biologically meaningful results from quantitative real-time pcr (qrt-pcr) analysis. however, studies have found that the expression of most commonly used reference genes is not always independent of the tissues, treatments, or developmental stages studied. genormplus, normfinder, and bestkeeper, were applied and the expression stability of nine candidate genes was evaluated in different data sets during wheat ... | 2015 | 26400285 |
| multiple displacement amplification of the dna from single flow-sorted plant chromosome. | a protocol is described for production of micrograms of dna from single copies of flow-sorted plant chromosomes. of 183 single copies of wheat chromosome 3b, 118 (64%) were successfully amplified. sequencing dna amplification products using an illumina hiseq 2000 system to 10× coverage and merging sequences from three separate amplifications resulted in 60% coverage of the chromosome 3b reference, entirely covering 30% of its genes. the merged sequences permitted de novo assembly of 19% of chrom ... | 2015 | 26400218 |
| infrared microspectroscopic imaging of plant tissues: spectral visualization of triticum aestivum kernel and arabidopsis leaf microstructure. | infrared microspectroscopy is a tool with potential for studies of the microstructure, chemical composition and functionality of plants at a subcellular level. here we present the use of high-resolution bench top-based infrared microspectroscopy to investigate the microstructure of triticum aestivum l. (wheat) kernels and arabidopsis leaves. images of isolated wheat kernel tissues and whole wheat kernels following hydrothermal processing and simulated gastric and duodenal digestion were generate ... | 2015 | 26400058 |
| implications of an inverted duplication in the wheat kn1-type homeobox gene wknox1 for theorigin of persian wheat. | introgression between related species with different ploidy levels has played important roles in wheat subspecies differentiation. persian wheat, a cultivated tetraploid wheat subspecies (triticum turgidum subsp. carthlicum), is postulated to have evolved through interploidy hybridization between tetraploid and hexaploid wheats. here, we report evidence for the origin of subsp. carthlicum based on the discovery of a new allele for the 5th-to-6th exon region of the wknox1bknotted1-type homeobox g ... | 2015 | 26399771 |
| quantitative trait locus analysis for flowering-related traits using two f2 populations derived from crosses between japanese common wheat cultivars and synthetic hexaploids. | flowering time is an important trait for japanese wheat breeding. aegilops tauschii, the d-genome donor of hexaploid wheat, is a useful resource to enlarge the d-genome diversity of common wheat. previously, we identified flowering-related qtls in f2 populations of synthetic hexaploid wheat lines between the tetraploid wheat cultivar langdon and ae. tauschii accessions. here, to evaluate the usefulness of the early-flowering alleles from ae. tauschii for japanese wheat breeding, qtl analyses wer ... | 2015 | 26399768 |
| comparison of genome-wide gene expression patterns in the seedlings of nascent allohexaploid wheats produced by two combinations of hybrids. | allopolyploidization in plants is an important event that enhances heterosis and environmental adaptation. common wheat, triticum aestivum (aabbdd), which is an allohexaploid that evolved from an allopolyploidization event between t. turgidum (aabb) and aegilops tauschii (dd), shows more growth vigor and wider adaptation than tetraploid wheats. to better understand the molecular basis for the heterosis of hexaploid wheat, we systematically analyzed the genome-wide gene expression patterns of two ... | 2015 | 26399767 |
| changes in the starch-protein interface depending on common wheat grain hardness revealed using atomic force microscopy. | the atomic force microscope tip was used to progressively abrade the surface of non-cut starch granules embedded in the endosperm protein matrix in grain sections from wheat near-isogenic lines differing in the puroindoline b gene and thus, hardness. in the hard near-isogenic wheat lines, starch granules exhibited two distinct profiles corresponding either to abrasion in the surrounding protein layer or the starch granule. an additional profile, only identified in soft lines, revealed a marked s ... | 2015 | 26398785 |
| metabolic architecture of the cereal grain and its relevance to maximize carbon use efficiency. | here, we have characterized the spatial heterogeneity of the cereal grain's metabolism and demonstrated how, by integrating a distinct set of metabolic strategies, the grain has evolved to become an almost perfect entity for carbon storage. in vivo imaging revealed light-induced cycles in assimilate supply toward the ear/grain of barley (hordeum vulgare) and wheat (triticum aestivum). in silico modeling predicted that, in the two grain storage organs (the endosperm and embryo), the light-induced ... | 2015 | 26395842 |
| systematic analysis of pericarp starch accumulation and degradation during wheat caryopsis development. | although wheat (triticum aestivum l.) pericarp starch granule (psg) has been well-studied, our knowledge of its features and mechanism of accumulation and degradation during pericarp growth is poor. in the present study, developing wheat caryopses were collected and starch granules were extracted from their pericarp to investigate the morphological and structural characteristics of psgs using microscopy, x-ray diffraction and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy techniques. relative gene expr ... | 2015 | 26394305 |
| analysis of main effect qtl for thousand grain weight in european winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.) by genome-wide association mapping. | grain weight, an essential yield component, is under strong genetic control and at the same time markedly influenced by the environment. genetic analysis of the thousand grain weight (tgw) by genome-wide association study (gwas) was performed with a panel of 358 european winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.) varieties and 14 spring wheat varieties using phenotypic data of field tests in eight environments. wide phenotypic variations were indicated for the tgw with blues (best linear unbiased estim ... | 2015 | 26388877 |
| morpho-physiolological and qualitative traits of a bread wheat collection spanning a century of breeding in italy. | evaluation and characterization are crucial steps in the exploitation of germplasm collections. the sant'angelo lodigiano unit of the consiglio per la ricerca in agricoltura e l'analisi dell'economia agraria (crea) maintains a broad collection of triticum spp, including more than 4000 genotypes of t. aestivum. such collection represents a wide source of genetic variability for many agronomic and qualitative traits, extremely useful in modern breeding programs. the collection size, however, makes ... | 2015 | 26379457 |
| staining with 0.05% neutral red reduces nutrient uptake by wheat roots. | a number of studies have used a 0.05% solution of neutral red to stain live roots so that short term root growth could be measured. these studies, which used a 5 or 10 min staining time, report no effects of the stain on plant properties such as growth, respiration, or nitrate uptake. this paper reports on two experiments conducted to determine whether this staining technique, with a 15 min stain time, affected macronutrient uptake of 6- and 7-week-old wheat (triticum aestivum l.) plants grown i ... | 2015 | 26379198 |
| regions of the bread wheat d genome associated with variation in key photosynthesis traits and shoot biomass under both well watered and water deficient conditions. | a quantitative trait locus (qtl) approach was taken to reveal the genetic basis in wheat of traits associated with photosynthesis during a period of exposure to water deficit stress. the performance, with respect to shoot biomass, gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence, leaf pigment content and the activity of various ascorbate-glutathione cycle enzymes and catalase, of a set of 80 wheat lines, each containing a single chromosomal segment introgressed from the bread wheat d genome progenitor ... | 2016 | 26374127 |
| combined small rna and degradome sequencing reveals novel mirnas and their targets in the high-yield mutant wheat strain yunong 3114. | wheat is one of the main food sources worldwide; large amount studies have been conducted to improve wheat production. micrornas (mirnas) with about 20-30 nucleotide are a class of regulatory small rnas (srnas), which could regulate gene expression through sequence-specific base pairing with target mrnas, playing important roles in plant growth. an ideal plant architecture (ipa) is crucial to enhance yield in bread wheat. in this study, the high-yield wheat strain yunong 3114 was ems-mutagenesis ... | 2015 | 26372220 |
| the nitrate-inducible nac transcription factor tanac2-5a controls nitrate response and increases wheat yield. | nitrate is a major nitrogen resource for cereal crops; thus, understanding nitrate signaling in cereal crops is valuable for engineering crops with improved nitrogen use efficiency. although several regulators have been identified in nitrate sensing and signaling in arabidopsis (arabidopsis thaliana), the equivalent information in cereals is missing. here, we isolated a nitrate-inducible and cereal-specific nam, ataf, and cuc (nac) transcription factor, tanac2-5a, from wheat (triticum aestivum). ... | 2015 | 26371233 |
| reaction of five non-cereal grasses to five races and two host selective toxins of pyrenophora tritici-repentis. | alternative hosts increase the difficulty of disease management in crops because these alternate hosts provide additional sources of primary inoculum or refuges for diversity in the pathogen gene pool. agropyron cristatum (crested wheatgrass), bromus inermis (smooth bromegrass), pascopyrum smithii (western wheatgrass), stipa viridula (green needlegrass), and thinopyrum intermedium (intermediate wheatgrass), commonly identified in range, prairie, verge, and soil reclamation habitats, serve as add ... | 2015 | 26361472 |
| identification of genes bordering breakpoints of the pericentric inversions on 2b, 4b, and 5a in bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | chromosome translocation is an important driving force in shaping genomes during evolution. detailed knowledge of chromosome translocations in a given species and its close relatives should increase the efficiency and precision of chromosome engineering in crop improvement. to identify genes flanking the breakpoints of translocations and inversions as a step toward identifying breakpoints in bread wheat, we systematically analysed genes in the brachypodium genome against wheat survey sequences a ... | 2015 | 26356308 |
| small-scale gene duplications played a major role in the recent evolution of wheat chromosome 3b. | bread wheat is not only an important crop, but its large (17 gb), highly repetitive, and hexaploid genome makes it a good model to study the organization and evolution of complex genomes. recently, we produced a high quality reference sequence of wheat chromosome 3b (774 mb), which provides an excellent opportunity to study the evolutionary dynamics of a large and polyploid genome, specifically the impact of single gene duplications. | 2015 | 26353816 |
| wheat nac transcription factor tanac29 is involved in response to salt stress. | soil salinity is considered as one of the most severe abiotic stress factors, which limit plant growth and cause significant losses in crop yield. nac transcription factors have been proven to play vital roles in abiotic stress signaling in plants. as a staple crop, wheat production is severely constrained by salt stress whereas only a few nac genes have been characterized functionally. to promote the application of nac genes in wheat improvement by genetic engineering, a nac gene designated tan ... | 2015 | 26352804 |
| [identification of the 1rs-7ds.7dl wheat-rye small segment translocation lines]. | rye (secale cereale l., rr) is a valuable genetic resource for the improvement of common wheat (triticum aestivum l., aabbdd). transferring alien rye genes into wheat by distant hybridization and automatic chromosome doubling is an important and efficient method to boost agronomic traits, disease resistance and widening the gene pool in wheat. in this study, an octoploid triticale cd-13 (aabbddrr) was obtained via automatic chromosome doubling by crossing landrace penganbaimaizi (t. aestivum l., ... | 2015 | 26351056 |
| dynamic qtl analysis of protein content and glutamine synthetase activity in recombinant inbred wheat lines. | protein content (pc) is a crucial factor that determines the end-use and nutritional quality of wheat (triticum aestivum). glutamine synthetase (gs), which is a major participant in nitrogen metabolism, can convert inorganic nitrogen into organic nitrogen. although many studies have been conducted on pc and gs, a dynamic analysis of all of the filling stages has not been conducted. therefore, 115 f9-10 recombinant inbred wheat lines of 'r131/r142' were used to analyze pc and gs activity during d ... | 2015 | 26345802 |
| transcriptome analysis of the chinese bread wheat cultivar yunong 201 and its ethyl methanesulfonate mutant line. | roche 454 next-generation sequencing was applied to obtain extensive information about the transcriptomes of the bread wheat cultivar yunong 201 and its ems mutant line yunong 3114. totals of 1.43 million and 1.44 million raw reads were generated, 14,432, 17,845 and 27,867 isotigs were constructed using the reads in yunong 201, yunong 3114 and their combination, respectively. moreover, 29,042, 34,722, and 48,486 unigenes were generated in yunong 201, yunong 3114, and combined cultivars, respecti ... | 2016 | 26342963 |
| biological networks underlying abiotic stress tolerance in temperate crops--a proteomic perspective. | abiotic stress factors, especially low temperatures, drought, and salinity, represent the major constraints limiting agricultural production in temperate climate. under the conditions of global climate change, the risk of damaging effects of abiotic stresses on crop production increases. plant stress response represents an active process aimed at an establishment of novel homeostasis under altered environmental conditions. proteins play a crucial role in plant stress response since they are dire ... | 2015 | 26340626 |
| characterization of a triticum aestivum-dasypyrum villosum t2vs·2dl translocation line expressing a longer spike and more kernels traits. | by using 2v-specific est-pcr markers and sequential gish/fish analysis, we identified four homozygous cs-2v translocation lines, including a novel compensating t2vs·2dl translocation line nau422. this translocation line has longer spikes and produces more grains per spike than its recurrent parent cs and three other translocation lines, which could be a valuable resource in wheat yield improvement. dasypyrum villosum (2n = 14, vv), the wild relative of wheat, possesses novel and superior alleles ... | 2015 | 26334547 |
| study on the immunoreactivity of triticum monococcum (einkorn) wheat in patients with wheat-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis for the production of hypoallergenic foods. | wheat [triticum aestivum (t.a.)] ingestion can cause a specific allergic reaction, which is called wheat-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis (wdeia). the major allergen involved is ω-5 gliadin, a gluten protein coded by genes located on the b genome. our aim was to study the immunoreactivity of proteins in triticum monococcum (einkorn, t.m.), a diploid ancestral wheat lacking b chromosomes, for possible use in the production of hypoallergenic foods. a total of 14 patients with a clear history ... | 2015 | 26332577 |
| the wheat transcription factor tagamyb recruits histone acetyltransferase and activates the expression of a high-molecular-weight glutenin subunit gene. | glutenin proteins in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) flour confer unique viscoelastic properties to dough products and, therefore, the concentration and composition of the glutenin proteins determine its end-use value. however, the mechanisms governing the glutenin gene expression remain elusive. in this study, we report that wheat tagamyb activates the high-molecular-weight glutenin subunit genes (taglu) through recruiting the histone acetyltransferase gcn5. by sequencing the promoters of taglu-1 ... | 2015 | 26332346 |
| drought-induced responses of physiology, metabolites, and pr proteins in triticum aestivum. | the impact of severe drought stress (13% soil moisture) on the physiological responses, metabolic profile, and pathogenesis-related (pr) proteins in wheat above- and below-ground biomass after 20 days of treatment was studied. drought depleted growth, assimilation pigments, and majority of free amino acids in the shoots (but proline increased considerably, +160%). on the contrary, root growth parameters were elevated, and free amino acids did not decrease, indicating investment of metabolites in ... | 2015 | 26330002 |
| insights into triticum aestivum seedling root rot caused by fusarium graminearum. | fusarium graminearum is one of the most common and potent fungal pathogens of wheat (triticum aestivum), known for causing devastating spike infections and grain yield damage. f. graminearum is a typical soil-borne pathogen that builds up during consecutive cereal cropping. speculation on systemic colonization of cereals by f. graminearum root infection have long existed but have not been proven. we have assessed the fusarium root rot disease macroscopically in a diverse set of 12 wheat genotype ... | 2015 | 26325125 |
| identification of the vernalization 4 gene reveals the origin of spring growth habit in ancient wheats from south asia. | wheat varieties with a winter growth habit require long exposures to low temperatures (vernalization) to accelerate flowering. natural variation in four vernalization genes regulating this requirement has favored wheat adaptation to different environments. the first three genes (vrn1-vrn3) have been cloned and characterized before. here we show that the fourth gene, vrn-d4, originated by the insertion of a ∼290-kb region from chromosome arm 5al into the proximal region of chromosome arm 5ds. the ... | 2015 | 26324889 |
| differential activity and expression profile of antioxidant enzymes and physiological changes in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) under drought. | wheat crop may experience water deficit at crucial stages during its life cycle, which induces oxidative stress in the plants. the antioxidant status of the plant plays an important role in providing tolerance against the water stress. the objective of this study was to investigate the impact of water stress on physiological traits, antioxidant activity and transcript profile of antioxidant enzyme related genes in four wheat genotypes (c306, akaw3717, hd2687, pbw343) at three crucial stages of p ... | 2015 | 26319568 |
| genome-wide prediction of three important traits in bread wheat. | five genomic prediction models were applied to three wheat agronomic traits-grain yield, heading date and grain test weight-in three breeding populations, each comprising about 350 doubled haploid or recombinant inbred lines evaluated in three locations during a 3-year period. the prediction accuracy, measured as the correlation between genomic estimated breeding value and observed trait, was in the range of previously published values for yield (r = 0.2-0.5), a trait with relatively low heritab ... | 2017 | 26316839 |
| development of a d genome specific marker resource for diploid and hexaploid wheat. | mapping and map-based cloning of genes that control agriculturally and economically important traits remain great challenges for plants with complex highly repetitive genomes such as those within the grass tribe, triticeae. mapping limitations in the triticeae are primarily due to low frequencies of polymorphic gene markers and poor genetic recombination in certain genetic regions. although the abundance of repetitive sequence may pose common problems in genome analysis and sequence assembly of ... | 2015 | 26315263 |
| increased susceptibility to aphids of flowering wheat plants exposed to low temperatures. | frost is known to directly affect flowering wheat plants (triticum aestivum l.) and lead to reduced grain yield. additionally, it may increase wheat susceptibility to economically important pests, such as aphids (hemiptera: aphididae). wheat plants at flowering stage were exposed to one of the three temperature treatments: ambient (11-12°c), 0°c, and -3°c for 60 min. preference (3-choice) and performance (no-choice) bioassays with aphids (rhopalosiphum padi l.) were conducted 1, 3, 6, and 12 d a ... | 2015 | 26313967 |
| plant photosynthetic responses during insect effector-triggered plant susceptibility and immunity. | gall-inducing insects are known for altering source-sink relationships within plants. changes in photosynthesis may contribute to this phenomenon. we investigated photosynthetic responses in wheat [triticum aestivum l. (poaceae: triticeae)] seedlings attacked by the hessian fly [mayetiola destructor (say) (diptera: cecidomyiidae], which uses a salivary effector-based strategy to induce a gall nutritive tissue in susceptible plants. resistant plants have surveillance systems mediated by products ... | 2015 | 26313966 |
| exogenous salicylic acid enhances the resistance of wheat seedlings to hessian fly (diptera: cecidomyiidae) infestation under heat stress. | heat stress exerts significant impact on plant-parasite interactions. phytohormones, such as salicylic acid (sa), play important roles in plant defense against parasite attacks. here, we studied the impact of a combination of heat stress and exogenous sa on the resistance of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) plants to the hessian fly [mayetiola destructor (say)]. we found that the wheat cultivar 'molly', which contains the resistance gene h13, lost resistance to hessian fly under heat stress (40°c fo ... | 2014 | 26309292 |
| candidate genes expressed in tolerant common wheat with resistant to english grain aphid. | the english grain aphid, sitobion avenae (f.) (hemiptera: aphididae), is a common worldwide pest of wheat (triticum aestivum l.). the use of improved resistant cultivars by the farmers is the most effective and environmentally friendly method to control this aphid in the field. the winter wheat genotypes 98-10-35 and amigo are resistant to s. avenae. to identify genes responsible for resistance to s. avenae in these genotypes, differential-display reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction ... | 2014 | 26309289 |
| influence of crop management and environmental factors on wolf spider assemblages (araneae: lycosidae) in an australian cotton cropping system. | wolf spiders (lycosidae) are the most abundant ground-hunting spiders in the australian cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) agroecosystems. these spiders have potential in controlling pest bollworms, helicoverpa spp. (lepidoptera: noctuidae) in minimum-tilled fields. a study was carried out during a wet growing season (2011-2012) in narrabri, new south wales, australia, to determine how different crop rotations and tillage affect wolf spider assemblages in cotton fields. spider abundance and species ... | 2015 | 26308820 |
| new isoforms and assembly of glutamine synthetase in the leaf of wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | glutamine synthetase (gs; ec 6.3.1.2) plays a crucial role in the assimilation and re-assimilation of ammonia derived from a wide variety of metabolic processes during plant growth and development. here, three developmentally regulated isoforms of gs holoenzyme in the leaf of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) seedlings are described using native-page with a transferase activity assay. the isoforms showed different mobilities in gels, with gsii>gsiii>gsi. the cytosolic gsi was composed of three subuni ... | 2015 | 26307137 |
| the wheat nac transcription factor tanac2l is regulated at the transcriptional and post-translational levels and promotes heat stress tolerance in transgenic arabidopsis. | heat stress poses a serious threat to global crop production. in efforts that aim to mitigate the adverse effects of heat stress on crops, a variety of genetic tools are being used to develop plants with improved thermotolerance. the characterization of important regulators of heat stress tolerance provides essential information for this aim. in this study, we examine the wheat (triticum aestivum) nac transcription factor gene tanac2l. high temperature induced tanac2l expression in wheat and ove ... | 2015 | 26305210 |
| contributions of long-term tillage systems on crop production and soil properties in the semi-arid loess plateau of china. | this study determined the long-term effect of tillage systems on soil properties and crop yields in a semi-arid environment. field pea (pisum sativum l.) and spring wheat (triticum aestivum l.) were alternately grown in six tillage systems at dingxi (35° 28' n, 104° 44' e), north-west china starting in 2001. | 2016 | 26300314 |
| targeting of prolamins by rnai in bread wheat: effectiveness of seven silencing-fragment combinations for obtaining lines devoid of coeliac disease epitopes from highly immunogenic gliadins. | gluten proteins are responsible for the viscoelastic properties of wheat flour but also for triggering pathologies in susceptible individuals, of which coeliac disease (cd) and noncoeliac gluten sensitivity may affect up to 8% of the population. the only effective treatment for affected persons is a strict gluten-free diet. here, we report the effectiveness of seven plasmid combinations, encompassing rnai fragments from α-, γ-, ω-gliadins, and lmw glutenin subunits, for silencing the expression ... | 2016 | 26300126 |
| investigating the influence of histidine residues on the metal ion binding ability of the wheat metallothionein γ-ec-1 domain. | while zn(ii) and cd(ii) have similar geochemical and environmental properties, their biological properties are distinctively different as cd(ii) ions have very limited metabolic significance and are mostly even toxic, while zn(ii) ions belong to the most essential micronutrients. one of the key proteins involved in intracellular zn(ii) and cd(ii) binding are metallothioneins (mts), small cysteine-rich proteins ubiquitously found in many different organisms. in the past two decades, also mt seque ... | 2015 | 26299797 |
| systemic and local regulation of phosphate and nitrogen transporter genes by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in roots of winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | previous studies have reported that the expression of phosphate (pi) or nitrogen (n) transporter genes in roots of plants could be regulated by arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) fungi, but little is known whether the regulation is systemic or not. the present study investigated the systemic and local regulation of multiple phosphate and nitrogen transporter genes by four am fungal species belonging to four genera in the roots of winter wheat. a split-root culture system with am inoculated (mr) and non ... | 2015 | 26298806 |
| adult-plant resistance to septoria tritici blotch in hexaploid spring wheat. | new qtl for septoria tritici blotch detected in hexapoid spring wheat under field conditions across diverse environments. septoria tritici blotch caused by the ascomycete fungus zymoseptoria tritici presents a serious and consistent challenge to global wheat production. in particular the augmented use of soil management practices that leave large amounts of wheat stubble on the soil surface and global warming increases the chance of septoria tritici blotch epidemics to emerge more frequently inc ... | 2015 | 26298303 |
| heritable alteration of dna methylation induced by whole-chromosome aneuploidy in wheat. | aneuploidy causes changes in gene expression and phenotypes in all organisms studied. a previous study in the model plant arabidopsis thaliana showed that aneuploidy-generated phenotypic changes can be inherited to euploid progenies and implicated an epigenetic underpinning of the heritable variations. based on an analysis by amplified fragment length polymorphism and methylation-sensitive amplified fragment length polymorphism markers, we found that although genetic changes at the nucleotide se ... | 2016 | 26295562 |
| immunoprophylactic potential of wheat grass extract on benzene-induced leukemia: an in vivo study on murine model. | wheat grass (triticum aestivum) is a gift of nature given to mankind. a number of scientific research on wheatgrass establishes its anticancer and antioxidant potential. current work was focused to determine antileukemic effect of wheat grass. | 2017 | 26288471 |
| e3 ubiquitin ligase gene cmpg1-v from haynaldia villosa l. contributes to powdery mildew resistance in common wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | powdery mildew is one of the most devastating wheat fungal diseases. a diploid wheat relative, haynaldia villosa l., is highly resistant to powdery mildew, and its genetic resource of resistances, such as the pm21 locus, is now widely used in wheat breeding. here we report the cloning of a resistance gene from h. villosa, designated cmpg1-v, that encodes a u-box e3 ubiquitin ligase. expression of the cmpg1-v gene was induced in the leaf and stem of h. villosa upon inoculation with blumeria grami ... | 2015 | 26287740 |
| phytotoxicity of three plant-based biodiesels, unmodified castor oil, and diesel fuel to alfalfa (medicago sativa l.), lettuce (lactuca sativa l.), radish (raphanus sativus), and wheatgrass (triticum aestivum). | the wide use of plant-based oils and their derivatives, in particular biodiesel, have increased extensively over the past decade to help alleviate demand for petroleum products and improve the greenhouse gas emissions profile of the transportation sector. biodiesel is regarded as a clean burning alternative fuel produced from livestock feeds and various vegetable oils. although in theory these animal and/or plant derived fuels should have less environmental impact in soil based on their simplifi ... | 0 | 26283287 |
| high-resolution three-dimensional structural data quantify the impact of photoinhibition on long-term carbon gain in wheat canopies in the field. | photoinhibition reduces photosynthetic productivity; however, it is difficult to quantify accurately in complex canopies partly because of a lack of high-resolution structural data on plant canopy architecture, which determines complex fluctuations of light in space and time. here, we evaluate the effects of photoinhibition on long-term carbon gain (over 1 d) in three different wheat (triticum aestivum) lines, which are architecturally diverse. we use a unique method for accurate digital three-d ... | 2015 | 26282240 |
| responses of wheat and rice to factorial combinations of ambient and elevated co2 and temperature in face experiments. | elevated co2 and temperature strongly affect crop production, but understanding of the crop response to combined co2 and temperature increases under field conditions is still limited while data are scarce. we grew wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and rice (oryza sativa l.) under two levels of co2 (ambient and enriched up to 500 μmol mol(-1) ) and two levels of canopy temperature (ambient and increased by 1.5-2.0 °c) in free-air co2 enrichment (face) systems and carried out a detailed growth and yiel ... | 2016 | 26279285 |
| metabolism of the fusarium mycotoxins t-2 toxin and ht-2 toxin in wheat. | to investigate the metabolic fate of ht-2 toxin (ht2) and t-2 toxin (t2) in wheat (triticum aestivum l.), an untargeted metabolomics study utilizing stable isotopic labeling and liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry was performed. in total, 11 ht2 and 12 t2 derived in planta biotransformation products were annotated putatively. in addition to previously reported mono- and diglucosylated forms of ht2, evidence for the formation of ht2-malonyl-glucoside and feruloyl-t2, as well a ... | 0 | 26278508 |
| 2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-2h-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4h)-one (dimboa) inhibits trichothecene production by fusarium graminearum through suppression of tri6 expression. | fusarium head blight (fhb) is a devastating disease of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) caused by a mycotoxigenic fungus fusarium graminearum resulting in significantly decreased yields and accumulation of toxic trichothecenes in grains. we tested 7 major secondary metabolites from wheat for their effect on trichothecene production in liquid cultures of f. graminearum producing trichothecene 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol (15-adon). 2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-2h-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4h)-one (dimboa) benzoxazinoid ... | 2015 | 26276561 |
| stress-responsive expression patterns and functional characterization of cold shock domain proteins in cabbage (brassica rapa) under abiotic stress conditions. | although the functional roles of cold shock domain proteins (csdps) have been demonstrated during the growth, development, and stress adaptation of arabidopsis (arabidopsis thaliana), rice (oryza sativa), and wheat (triticum aestivum), the functions of csdps in other plants species, including cabbage (brassica rapa), are largely unknown. to gain insight into the roles of csdps in cabbage under stress conditions, the genes encoding csdps in cabbage were isolated, and the functional roles of csdps ... | 2015 | 26263516 |
| development of a diagnostic co-dominant marker for stem rust resistance gene sr47 introgressed from aegilops speltoides into durum wheat. | a robust and diagnostic sts marker for stem rust resistance gene sr47 was developed and validated for marker-assisted selection. stem rust (caused by puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici, pgt) resistance gene sr47, originally transferred from aegilops speltoides to durum wheat (triticum turgidum subsp. durum) line das15, confers a high level of resistance to pgt race ttksk (ug99). recently, the durum rusty 5d(5b) substitution line was used to reduce the ae. speltoides segment, and the resulting line ... | 2015 | 26260850 |
| ractopamine up take by alfalfa (medicago sativa) and wheat (triticum aestivum) from soil. | ractopamine is a beta adrenergic agonist used as a growth promoter in swine, cattle and turkeys. to test whether ractopamine has the potential to accumulate in plants grown in contaminated soil, a greenhouse study was conducted with alfalfa (medicago sativa) and wheat (triticum aestivum) grown in two soils having different concentrations of organic matter (1.3% and 2.1%), amended with 0, 0.5, and 10 μg/g of ractopamine. plant growth ranged from 2.7 to 8.8 g dry weight (dw) for alfalfa, and 8.7 t ... | 2015 | 26257350 |
| developmental, nutritional and hormonal anomalies of weightlessness-grown wheat. | the behavior of water in weightlessness, as occurs in orbiting spacecraft, presents multiple challenges for plant growth. soils remain saturated, impeding aeration, and leaf surfaces remain wet, impeding gas exchange. herein we report developmental and biochemical anomalies of "super dwarf" wheat (triticum aestivum l.) grown aboard space station mir during the 1996-97 "greenhouse 2" experiment. leaves of mir-grown wheat were hyperhydric, senesced precociously and accumulated aromatic and branche ... | 2015 | 26256629 |
| independent mis-splicing mutations in taphs1 causing loss of preharvest sprouting (phs) resistance during wheat domestication. | preharvest sprouting (phs) is one of the major constraints of wheat production in areas where prolonged rainfall occurs during harvest. taphs1 is a gene that regulates phs resistance on chromosome 3a of wheat, and two causal mutations in the positions +646 and +666 of the taphs1 coding region result in wheat phs susceptibility. three competitive allele-specific pcr (kasp) markers were developed based on the two mutations in the coding region and one in the promoter region and validated in 82 whe ... | 2015 | 26255630 |
| the optimal atmospheric co2 concentration for the growth of winter wheat (triticum aestivum). | this study examined the optimal atmospheric co2 concentration of the co2 fertilization effect on the growth of winter wheat with growth chambers where the co2 concentration was controlled at 400, 600, 800, 1000, and 1200 ppm respectively. i found that initial increase in atmospheric co2 concentration dramatically enhanced winter wheat growth through the co2 fertilization effect. however, this co2 fertilization effect was substantially compromised with further increase in co2 concentration, demon ... | 2015 | 26253981 |
| factorial combinations of protein interactions generate a multiplicity of florigen activation complexes in wheat and barley. | the flowering locus t (ft) protein is a central component of a mobile flowering signal (florigen) that is transported from leaves to the shoot apical meristem (sam). two ft monomers and two dna-binding bzip transcription factors interact with a dimeric 14-3-3 protein bridge to form a hexameric protein complex. this complex, designated as the 'florigen activation complex' (fac), plays a critical role in flowering. the wheat homologue of ft, designated ft1 (= vrn3), activates expression of vrn1 in ... | 2015 | 26252567 |
| carpel size, grain filling, and morphology determine individual grain weight in wheat. | individual grain weight is a major yield component in wheat. to provide a comprehensive understanding of grain weight determination, the carpel size at anthesis, grain dry matter accumulation, grain water uptake and loss, grain morphological expansion, and final grain weight at different positions within spikelets were investigated in a recombinant inbred line mapping population of bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.)×spelt (triticum spelta l.). carpel size, grain dry matter and water accumulation ... | 2015 | 26246614 |
| comparison of leaf sheath transcriptome profiles with physiological traits of bread wheat cultivars under salinity stress. | salinity stress has significant negative effects on plant biomass production and crop yield. salinity tolerance is controlled by complex systems of gene expression and ion transport. the relationship between specific features of mild salinity stress adaptation and gene expression was analyzed using four commercial varieties of bread wheat (triticum aestivum) that have different levels of salinity tolerance. the high-throughput phenotyping system in the plant accelerator at the australian plant p ... | 2015 | 26244554 |
| a high-throughput pipeline for detecting locus-specific polymorphism in hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | bread wheat (triticum aestivum l., 2n = 6x = 42) is an allohexaploid with a huge genome. due to the presence of extensive homoeologs and paralogs, generating locus-specific sequences can be challenging, especially when a large number of sequences are required. traditional methods of generating locus-specific sequences are rather strenuous and time-consuming if large numbers of sequences are to be handled. | 2015 | 26244051 |
| wheat grain filling is limited by grain filling capacity rather than the duration of flag leaf photosynthesis: a case study using nam rnai plants. | it has been proposed that delayed leaf senescence can extend grain filling duration and thus increase yields in cereal crops. we found that wheat (triticum aestivum) nam rnai plants with delayed senescence carried out 40% more flag leaf photosynthesis after anthesis than control plants, but had the same rate and duration of starch accumulation during grain filling and the same final grain weight. the additional photosynthate available in nam rnai plants was in part stored as fructans in the stem ... | 2015 | 26241955 |
| novel bread wheat lines enriched in carotenoids carrying hordeum chilense chromosome arms in the ph1b background. | the use of crop wild relative species to improve major crops performance is well established. hordeum chilense has a high potential as a genetic donor to increase the carotenoid content of wheat. crosses between the 7hch h. chilense substitution lines in wheat and the wheat pairing homoeologous1b (ph1b) mutant allowed the development of wheat-h. chilense translocation lines for both 7hchα and 7hchβ chromosome arms in the wheat background. these translocation lines were characterized by in situ h ... | 2015 | 26241856 |
| characterization of recombinants of the aegilops peregrina-derived lr59 translocation of common wheat. | a compensating, recombined lr59 translocation with greatly reduced alien chromatin was identified. microsatellite locus xdupw217 occurs within the remaining segment and can be used as a co-dominant marker for lr59. in earlier studies, leaf rust (caused by puccinia triticina eriks.) resistance gene lr59 was transferred from aegilops peregrina (hackel) maire et weiler to chromosome arm 1al of common wheat (triticum aestivum l.). the resistance gene was then genetically mapped on the translocated c ... | 2015 | 26239411 |