Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| optimization of cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase production from klebsiella pneumoniae as-22 in batch, fed-batch, and continuous cultures. | production of a novel cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase (cgtase) from klebsiella pneumoniae as-22 strain, which converts starch predominantly to alpha-cd at high conversion yields, in batch, fed-batch, and continuous cultures, is presented. in batch fermentations, optimization of different operating parameters such as temperature, ph, agitation speed, and carbon-source concentration resulted in more than 6-fold increase in cgtase activity. the enzyme production was further improved by two fed-bat ... | 2003 | 14656144 |
| effect of fungi fermentation on organoleptic properties, energy content and in-vitro multienzyme digestibility of cassava products (flour & gari). | the present study sought to investigate the effect of fungi fermentation on the energy content, sensory quality and the digestibility (in vitro) of cassava products (flour and gari). the fungi fermented cassava products (gari and flour) were produced, by fermenting cassava mash with pure strains of some common saprophytes, namely, aspergillus flavus, aspergillus niger, rhizopus oryzae and saccharomyces spp (baker's yeast and palm wine yeast) for 72 hrs before processing into cassava flour and ga ... | 2003 | 14653508 |
| novel system for the simultaneous analysis of geminivirus dna replication and plant interactions in nicotiana benthamiana. | the origin of replication of african cassava mosaic virus (acmv) and a gene expression vector based on potato virus x were exploited to devise an in planta system for functional analysis of the geminivirus replication-associated protein (rep) in transgenic nicotiana benthamiana line pori-2. this line contains an integrated copy of a tandem repeat of the acmv origin of replication flanking nonviral sequences that can be mobilized and replicated by rep as an episomal replicon. a rep-gfp fusion pro ... | 2003 | 14645587 |
| microbial modification of the texture of grated cassava during fermentation into akyeke. | the traditional akyeke inoculum and fermenting akyeke, an indigenous cassava product, were investigated to identify microbial species responsible for the modification of cassava texture during fermentation. both field and laboratory samples were examined and only some cultures isolated on plate count agar and malt extract agar were found to be capable of causing a softening of cassava tissue when plated directly on sterile cassava slices. the cassava tissue softening isolates on pca were tentati ... | 2003 | 14623393 |
| use of cell culture media for cultivation of the mite pathogenic fungi neozygites tanajoae and neozygites floridana. | the pathogenic fungus neozygites tanajoae, one of the most efficient natural enemies of the cassava green mite (cgm) mononychellus tanajoa in brazil, was introduced experimentally in benin in 1998/1999 for the control of cgm. isolation methods and culture media for in vitro production of n. tanajoae are reported for the first time in this study. continuous growth of n. tanajoae was achieved using medium nt-1 (ipl-41+5-10% fetal bovine serum+0.3% lactalbumin hydrolysate+0.3% yeastolate). this med ... | 2003 | 14615221 |
| improvement of organoleptic quality of retted cassava products by alkali pretreatment of roots and addition of sodium nitrate during retting. | alkali pretreatment of cassava roots before retting and addition of sodium nitrate during retting were used to manipulate the metabolism of microorganisms involved in cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) retting, as a method for removing the characteristic offensive odour of retted cassava products. odour was assessed by organoleptic methods. the characteristics of fermentation of cassava by the traditional method (control) were as follows; aerobic mesophilic count (apc) on nutrient agar (na) at 3 ... | 2003 | 14580976 |
| antimicrobial interactions of microbial species involved in the fermentation of cassava dough into agbelima with particular reference to the inhibitory effect of lactic acid bacteria on enteric pathogens. | lactic acid bacteria, bacillus species and yeasts are involved in the fermentation of cassava dough into agbelima. microbial interactions within and between these groups of microorganisms were investigated in addition to the survival of five enteric pathogens inoculated into agbelima under various conditions. nine out of 10 cultures of lactic acid bacteria isolated at the end of agbelima fermentation showed inhibitory effect against 10 cultures of lactic acid bacteria isolated at the start of fe ... | 2003 | 14580972 |
| generation of cyanogen-free transgenic cassava. | cassava ( manihot esculenta crantz.) is the major source of calories for subsistence farmers in sub-saharan africa. cassava, however, contains potentially toxic levels of the cyanogenic glucoside, linamarin. the cyanogen content of cassava foods can be reduced to safe levels by maceration, soaking, rinsing and baking; however, short-cut processing techniques can yield toxic food products. our objective was to eliminate cyanogens from cassava so as to eliminate the need for food processing. to ac ... | 2003 | 14520563 |
| micronutrient fortification of plants through plant breeding: can it improve nutrition in man at low cost? | can commonly-eaten food staple crops be developed that fortify their seeds with essential minerals and vitamins? can farmers be induced to grow such varieties? if so, would this result in a marked improvement in human nutrition at a lower cost than existing nutrition interventions? an interdisciplinary international effort is underway to breed for mineral- and vitamin-dense varieties of rice, wheat, maize, beans and cassava for release to farmers in developing countries. the biofortification str ... | 2003 | 14506888 |
| determination of total antioxidant activity in three types of local vegetables shoots and the cytotoxic effect of their ethanolic extracts against different cancer cell lines. | antioxidants play an important role in inhibiting and scavenging radicals, thus providing protection to humans against infections and degenerative diseases. literature shows that the antioxidant activity is high on herbal and vegetable plants. realizing the fact, this research was carried out to determine total antioxidant activity and the potential anticancer properties in three types of selected local vegetable shoots such as diplazium esculentum (paku shoot), manihot utillissima (tapioca shoo ... | 2003 | 14505992 |
| the impact of cyanoglycoside rich fraction isolated from cassava (manihot esculenta) on alcohol induced oxidative stress. | the effects of feeding a cassava (manihot esculenta) rich diet on alcohol induced peroxidative damages were investigated in male albino rats. rats were divided into four groups and maintained for 60 days as follows. (1) control group: cassava free diet, (2) alcohol group: cassava free diet+ethanol (4 g/kg body wt/day), (3) cassava group: cassava diet and (4) alcohol+cassava group: cassava diet+ethanol (4 g/kg body wt/day). results revealed that alcohol induced significant lipid peroxidation, sin ... | 2003 | 14505936 |
| the supplementary value of certain processed protein foods based on blends of groundnut, soya-bean, sesame, chick-pea (cicer arietinum) flours and skim-milk powder to a maize--tapioca diet. | 1962 | 14452512 | |
| metabolic activity of starch granules from the tapioca plant. i. udpg-starch-glucosyl transferase. | 1965 | 14336510 | |
| supplementary value of peanut flour, chickpea flour and skim-milk powder and their blends to maize-tapioca diet. | 1962 | 13919759 | |
| an unspecific metaphosphatase from the leaves of the tapioca plant (mannihot utillissima). | 1959 | 13792057 | |
| effect of varying levels of protein and calcium in the diet on the structure and composition of liver of rats. i. the effect of supplementation of diets based on rice and rice-tapioca with calcium on the growth and structure and composition of liver of albino rats. | 1960 | 13789689 | |
| the supplementary value of coconut meal, groundnut meal, bengal gram, low-cost protein food and skim milk powder to tapioca-rice diet. | 1961 | 13775406 | |
| [tapioca in the diet of infants under 6 months of age]. | 1960 | 13760693 | |
| the effect of replacing wheat in a poor indian diet by a blend of whole wheat flour, tapioca flour and low-fat groundnut flour (paushtic atta) on the metabolism of nitrogen, calcium and phosphorus in children. | 1961 | 13755269 | |
| nutritive value of cereal and cassava diets for growing and fattening pigs in nigeria. | 1961 | 13731827 | |
| two cassava promoters related to vascular expression and storage root formation. | cassava ( manihot esculenta crantz) storage roots, organs accumulating large amounts of starch, develop from primary roots via secondary growth. the availability of promoters related to storage-root formation is a prerequisite for engineering root traits in cassava. two cdnas, c15 and c54, were identified from a storage-root cdna library of cassava mcol1505 via differential screening. the transcripts of c15 and c54 were detected in storage roots but not in leaves by northern analysis. homology a ... | 2003 | 13680228 |
| preliminary study of l-lysine production by bacillus species using various agricultural by-products. | the production of lysine by bacillus megaterium sp-14 and bacillus circulans tx-22 using agricultural by-products as carbon and nitrogen sources was assessed. among the carbon substrates used were potato, sorghum, plantain, millet, yam, cassava, and corn starches, while the nitrogen sources include cowpea, bambara-nut, cotton seed, groundnut, soybean, and blood meals. the effect of natural nitrogen sources (1.0% w/v) and synthetic nitrogen source (4.0% w/v (nh4)2so4) on lysine production by the ... | 2003 | 13678257 |
| [mechanical transmission of cassava brown streak virus]. | 1959 | 13666823 | |
| the metabolism of nitrogen, calcium and phosphorus in undernourished children. 4. the effect of replacing rice in the diet by tapioca macaroni on the metabolism of nitrogen, calcium and phosphorus. | 1958 | 13607947 | |
| the effect of replacement of rice in a poor vegetarian diet by tapioca macaroni on the general health and nutritional status of children. | 1958 | 13607939 | |
| effect of long-term feeding of albino rats on rice and on rice-tapioca diets on the blood and on the liver. | 1958 | 13572752 | |
| [chemical study of manioc leaves (manihot utilissima pohl., euphoriaceae)]. | 2006 | 13540437 | |
| partial replacement of rice with tapioca in poor rice diets; the effect on growth and liver structure in the albino rat. | 1958 | 13523097 | |
| [synovial-urethro-conjunctival syndrome (fiessinger-leroy-reiter); adjuvant therapy with tapioca gel injections]. | 1957 | 13485827 | |
| studies on the starch-synthesizing enzymes in tapioca (manihot utilissima) roots. | 1957 | 13414717 | |
| [in vivo and in vitro study of the digestibility of manioc in various forms: whole farina, bolted farina, flour and gary; application in african regimens]. | 1956 | 13355082 | |
| [nutritive value of manioc stems]. | 1953 | 13151628 | |
| effects of the general health and nutritional status of children of partial replacement of rice in a poor vegetarian diet by tapioca flour. | 1954 | 13140825 | |
| effects of partial replacement of rice in a rice diet by tapioca flour on the metabolism of nitrogen, calcium and phosphorus in adult human beings. | 1954 | 13140824 | |
| influence of different concentrations of disodium fumarate on methane production and fermentation of concentrate feeds by rumen micro-organisms in vitro. | batch cultures of mixed rumen micro-organisms were used to study the effects of different concentrations of disodium fumarate on the fermentation of five concentrate feeds (maize, barley, wheat, sorghum and cassava meal). rumen contents were collected from four merino sheep fed lucerne hay ad libitum and supplemented with 300 g concentrate/d. disodium fumarate was added to the incubation bottles to achieve final concentrations of 0, 4, 7 and 10 mm-fumarate. in 17 h incubations, the final ph and ... | 2003 | 13129468 |
| tolerance, toxicity, and caloric availability of intravenously injected tapioca dextrin solution in rabbits. | 1952 | 12999634 | |
| characterization and differentiation of lactobacillus manihotivorans strains isolated from cassava sour starch. | lactobacillus manihotivorans has been reported as one of the dominant species in cassava sour starch production process. seven isolates that have previously been identified as belonging to this species were studied in the present work. their molecular and phenotypic characteristics showed higher strain diversity than previously described. differences were found in their fermentation profiles, whereas no major differences were observed in properties related to processing conditions (salt concentr ... | 2003 | 12927722 |
| rhizopus microsporus var. rhizopodiformis: a thermotolerant fungus with potential for production of thermostable amylases. | the effect of several nutritional and environmental parameters on growth and amylase production from rhizopus microsporus var. rhizopodiformis was analysed. this fungus was isolated from soil of the brazilian "cerrado" and produced high levels of amylolytic activity at 45 degrees c in liquid medium supplemented with starch, sugar cane bagasse, oat meal or cassava flour. glucose in the culture medium drastically repressed the amylolytic activity. the products of hydrolysis were analysed by thin l ... | 2003 | 12920607 |
| genetic mapping of qtls affecting productivity and plant architecture in a full-sib cross from non-inbred parents in cassava (manihot esculenta crantz). | an attempt was made to identify quantitative trait loci (qtls) for several productivity and plant architecture traits in a full-sib progeny of 144 individuals from two non-inbred parents in cassava. a molecular linkage map of this cross constructed previously with over 250 markers was the source of molecular markers. the progeny were grown under field conditions at two locations (palmira and quilichao) in colombia and evaluated in 2 years (1998 and 1999) for architecture and productivity traits. ... | 2003 | 12910344 |
| new aspects in pathogenesis of konzo: neural cell damage directly caused by linamarin contained in cassava (manihot esculenta crantz). | epidemic spastic paraparesis (konzo) found in tropical and subtropical countries is known to be caused by long-term intake of cassava (manihot esculenta crantz), which contains a cyanoglucoside linamarin (alpha-hydroxyisobutyronitrile-beta-d-glucopyranoside). it has been reported that linamarin is enzymatically converted to cyanide by bacteria in the intestine, and this is absorbed into the blood and then damages neural cells. however, unmetabolized linamarin was found in the urine after oral ad ... | 2003 | 12908909 |
| l-lactic acid production from raw cassava starch in a circulating loop bioreactor with cells immobilized in loofa (luffa cylindrica). | l-lactic acid was produced from raw cassava starch, by simultaneous enzyme production, starch saccharification and fermentation in a circulating loop bioreactor with aspergillus awamori and lactococcus lactis spp. lactis immobilized in loofa sponge. a. awamori was immobilized directly in cylindrical loofa sponge while the l. lactis was immobilized in a loofa sponge alginate gel cube. in the loofa sponge alginate gel cube, the sponge serves as skeletal support for the gel with the cells. the algi ... | 2003 | 12889820 |
| a single residual replacement improves the folding and stability of recombinant cassava hydroxynitrile lyase in e. coil. | substitution of ser113 for gly113 in the cap domain of hydroxynitrile lyase from manihot esculenta (mehnl) was performed by site-directed mutagenesis to improve its self-generated folding and stability under denaturation conditions. the yield of the recombinant mutant hnl1 (mut-hnl1), which had higher specific activity than the wild type hnl0 (wt-hnl0), was increased by 2 to 3-fold. thermostability of mehnl was also enhanced, probably due to an increase in content of the beta-strand secondary st ... | 2003 | 12889812 |
| short interfering rna-mediated interference of gene expression and viral dna accumulation in cultured plant cells. | gene silencing mediated by double-stranded rna is a sequence-specific rna degradation mechanism highly conserved in eukaryotes that serves as an antiviral defense pathway in both plants and drosophila. short interfering rnas (sirnas), the 21- to 23-nt double-stranded intermediates of this natural defense mechanism, are becoming powerful tools for reducing gene expression and countering viral infection in a variety of mammalian cells. here we report the use of sirnas to target reporter gene expre ... | 2003 | 12886005 |
| neuro-ophthalmologic findings in konzo, an upper motor neuron disorder in africa. | to investigate the neuro-ophthalmological manifestations in konzo, a non-progressive symmetric spastic para/tetraparesis of acute onset associated with consumption of insufficiently processed bitter cassava roots combined with a low protein intake. | 2003 | 12872796 |
| simple sequence repeat marker diversity in cassava landraces: genetic diversity and differentiation in an asexually propagated crop. | cassava (manihot esculenta) is an allogamous, vegetatively propagated, neotropical crop that is also widely grown in tropical africa and southeast asia. to elucidate genetic diversity and differentiation in the crop's primary and secondary centers of diversity, and the forces shaping them, ssr marker variation was assessed at 67 loci in 283 accessions of cassava landraces from africa (tanzania and nigeria) and the neotropics (brazil, colombia, peru, venezuela, guatemala, mexico and argentina). a ... | 2003 | 12856084 |
| cassava cyanogens and free amino acids in raw and cooked leaves. | cassava leaves (manihot esculenta crantz) constitute the main daily source of protein as supplement to the major staple food, the processed cassava roots in remote rural areas of africa. konzo, an upper motoneurone disease with permanent spastic paralysis of both legs, has been reported among populations consuming this unbalanced diet. in commercial pounded cassava leaves residual cyanogens and the presence of inherent potentially toxic non-protein amino acids were analysed to check their safety ... | 2003 | 12842188 |
| isolation of resistance gene candidates (rgcs) and characterization of an rgc cluster in cassava. | plant disease resistance genes (r genes) show significant similarity amongst themselves in terms of both their dna sequences and structural motifs present in their protein products. oligonucleotide primers designed from nbs (nucleotide binding site) domains encoded by several r-genes have been used to amplify nbs sequences from the genomic dna of various plant species, which have been called resistance gene analogues (rgas) or resistance gene candidates (rgcs). using specific primers from the nb ... | 2003 | 12827500 |
| anaphylactic reaction to manioc: cross-reactivity to latex. | 2003 | 12823136 | |
| fish are central in the diet of amazonian riparians: should we worry about their mercury concentrations? | the amazon rain forest extends over an area of 7.8x10(6)km(2) in nine countries. it harbors a diverse human population distributed in dense cities and isolated communities with extreme levels of infrastructure. amazonian forest people, either autochthons or frontier riparians (ribeirinhos) living in isolated areas, share the same environment for survival and nutritional status. the peculiarities of the hydrological cycle determine disease patterns, agricultural conditions, and food availability. ... | 2003 | 12804520 |
| transfer and expression of an artificial storage protein (asp1) gene in cassava (manihot esculenta crantz). | in order to increase the nutritional quality of cassava storage roots, which contain up to 85% starch of their dry weight, but are deficient in protein, a synthetic asp1 gene encoding a storage protein rich in essential amino acids (80%) was introduced into embryogenic suspensions of cassava via agrobacterium-mediated gene transfer. transgenic plants were regenerated from suspension lines derived from hygromycin-resistant friable embryogenic callus lines. molecular analysis showed the stable int ... | 2003 | 12739891 |
| tuber storage proteins. | a wide range of plants are grown for their edible tubers, but five species together account for almost 90 % of the total world production. these are potato (solanum tuberosum), cassava (manihot esculenta), sweet potato (ipomoea batatus), yams (dioscorea spp.) and taro (colocasia, cyrtosperma and xanthosoma spp.). all of these, except cassava, contain groups of storage proteins, but these differ in the biological properties and evolutionary relationships. thus, patatin from potato exhibits activi ... | 2003 | 12730067 |
| cassava flour wastewater as a substrate for biosurfactant production. | five cassava flour wastewater (manipueira) preparations were tested as culture media for biosurfactant production by a wild-type bacillus sp. isolate. no-solids (f), no-solids diluted (f/2), natural (i), natural diluted (i/2), and decanted (ips) were the tested manipueira media. the microorganism was able to grow and to produce biosurfactant on all manipueira preparations. the media whose solids were removed (f and f/2) showed better results than preparations with the presence of solids (i, i/2, ... | 2003 | 12721453 |
| [neurological syndromes linked with the intake of plants and fungi containing a toxic component (i). neurotoxic syndromes caused by the ingestion of plants, seeds and fruits]. | a wide range of plants, seeds and fruits used for nutritional and medicinal purposes can give rise to neurotoxic symptoms. | 2003 | 12717675 |
| metabolic and hormonal effects of five common african diets eaten as mixed meals: the cameroon study. | to evaluate glycaemic and insulinaemic index and in vitro digestibility of the five most common cameroonian mixed meals consisting of rice+tomato soup (diet a), bean stew+plantains (b), foofoo corn+ndolé (c), yams+groundnut soup (d), and koki beans+cassava (e). | 2003 | 12700620 |
| molecular characterization of whitefly, bemisia tabaci (hemiptera: aleyrodidae) populations infesting cassava. | bemisia tabaci (gennadius) populations, collected from cassava and other plants in major cassava-cultivation areas of sub-saharan africa and from elsewhere around the world, were studied to determine their biotype status and genetic variation. random amplified polymorphic dna-polymerase chain reaction (rapd-pcr) markers were used to examine the genetic structure of the populations. the dendogram obtained using the neighbour joining method (nj) split the cassava-associated populations from the no ... | 2003 | 12699530 |
| cassava (manihot esculenta) leaf and tuber concentrate in diets for broiler chickens. | experiment 1 was conducted to determine the nutritive quality of cassava tuber leaf concentrate prepared either by mixing cassava tubers and leaves together before grinding or grinding them separately before mixing. three mixing proportions of 50:50, 60:40 and 80:20 were used. samples were subjected to either sundrying or oven drying. physical examination of samples, proximate analysis and cyanide content of each of the samples were determined. in experiment 2 the sample of highest nutritive val ... | 2003 | 12688471 |
| new cytotoxic triterpene acids from aboveground parts of manihot esculenta from the suriname rainforest. | two novel triterpene acids, esculentoic acid a ( 1) and b ( 2) as well as the seven known compounds 3 - 9 were isolated from an etoac extract of leaves, stems, and twigs of manihot esculenta by bioassay-guided fractionation for cytotoxic activity. the structures of the two new compounds were established as 3alpha-hydroxytaraxer-14-en-29-oic acid ( 1) and 3-oxotaraxer-14-en-29-oic acid ( 2) on the basis of 1d and 2d nmr spectroscopic data interpretation and chemical conversions. the two new compo ... | 2003 | 12677535 |
| a novel circulating loop bioreactor with cells immobilized in loofa ( luffa cylindrica) sponge for the bioconversion of raw cassava starch to ethanol. | a circulating loop bioreactor (clb) with cells immobilized in loofa sponge was constructed for simultaneous aerobic and anaerobic processes. the clb consists of an aerated riser and a non-aerated downcomer column connected at the top and bottom by cylindrical pipes. ethanol production from raw cassava starch was investigated in the clb. aspergillus awamori iam 2389 and saccharomyces cerevisiae ir2 immobilized on loofa sponge were placed, respectively, in the aerated riser column and non-aerated ... | 2003 | 12664145 |
| a transformation method for obtaining marker-free plants of a cross-pollinating and vegetatively propagated crop. | it is generally thought that transformation of plant cells using agrobacterium tumefaciens occurs at a very low frequency. therefore, selection marker genes are used to identify the rare plants that have taken up foreign dna. genes encoding antibiotic and herbicide resistance are widely used for this purpose in plant transformation. over the past several years, consumer and environmental groups have expressed concern about the use of antibiotic- and herbicide-resistance genes from an ecological ... | 2003 | 12627169 |
| the relation between starch digestion rate and amino acid level for broiler chickens. | digestion coefficients of nutrients give information about the amount of nutrients available to the animal but not about the rate or site of absorption. gradual digestion of starch may have an amino acid sparing effect and therefore enhance growth efficiency of broiler chickens. a growth trial was performed with 6,800 broiler chickens from 9 to 30 d of age to investigate interactions between starch digestion rate and amino acid level. birds were fed either a pea-corn-based diet (slowly digestibl ... | 2003 | 12619806 |
| substrate specificity of mutants of the hydroxynitrile lyase from manihot esculenta. | several tryptophan128-substituted mutants of the hydroxynitrile lyase from manihot esculenta (mehnl) are constructed and applied in the mehnl-catalyzed addition of hcn to various aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes as well as to methyl and ethyl ketones to yield the corresponding cyanohydrins. the mutants (especially mehnl-w128a) are in most cases superior to the wild-type (wt) enzyme when diisopropyl ether is used as the solvent. substitution of tryptophan128 by an alanine residue enlarges the ent ... | 2003 | 12616635 |
| efficient replication of cloned african cassava mosaic virus in cassava leaf disks. | a transient viral replication assay for cloned african cassava mosaic virus (acmv) was developed using cassava leaf disks. tms60444 leaf disks were transfected using biolistic-mediated inoculation with acmv clones pkacmva and pkacmvb, which originate from west kenya acmv isolate 844 (acmv-ke). viral dna synthesized de novo was monitored by southern hybridization with an av1 dna probe. by using the methylation-sensitive restriction enzymes dpni and mboi, it was possible to distinguish between the ... | 2003 | 12606075 |
| the clinicopathologic significance of enriching grated cassava mash with red palm oil in the production of gari. | the neglect of traditional processing methods in the production of gari (toasted cassava granules) has been blamed for reported cases of poisoning following consumption of gari. this study investigated the nutritional and clinicopathologic effects of not enriching cassava mash with red palm oil (rpo) during gari production. two gari samples were produced with and without rpo. total cyanogen, acetone cyanohydrin, free cyanogen, and crude protein contents were not found to be significantly (p > 0. ... | 2002 | 12602937 |
| effects of dietary fermentable carbohydrates on behavior and heat production in group-housed sows. | the effects of dietary nonstarch polysaccharides (nsp) on behavior and heat production in group-housed sows were studied. twelve groups of six nonpregnant sows were fed one of four experimental diets that were similar in composition except for starch and nsp contents. exchanging sugar beet pulp silage (sbps) for tapioca created the difference in dietary starch and nsp ratio. on a dry matter (dm) basis, diets contained 0, 10, 20, or 30% sbps. sows were group-housed. intake of fermentable nsp (fns ... | 2003 | 12597389 |
| plant feeding by a predatory mite inhabiting cassava. | plant feeding by arthropod predators may strongly affect the dynamics of bi-and tri-trophic interactions. we tested whether a predatory mite, typhlodromalus aripo, feeds upon its host plant, cassava. this predator species is an effective biological control agent of monoychellus tanajoa (the cassava green mite or cgm) a herbivorous mite specific to cassava. we developed a technique to detect plant feeding, based on the use of a systemic insecticide. we found that t. aripo feeds upon plant-borne m ... | 2002 | 12593510 |
| metabolic engineering of valine- and isoleucine-derived glucosinolates in arabidopsis expressing cyp79d2 from cassava. | glucosinolates are amino acid-derived natural products that, upon hydrolysis, typically release isothiocyanates with a wide range of biological activities. glucosinolates play a role in plant defense as attractants and deterrents against herbivores and pathogens. a key step in glucosinolate biosynthesis is the conversion of amino acids to the corresponding aldoximes, which is catalyzed by cytochromes p450 belonging to the cyp79 family. expression of cyp79d2 from cassava (manihot esculenta crantz ... | 2003 | 12586901 |
| multitasking in replication is common among geminiviruses. | geminiviruses package single-stranded circular dna and replicate via double-stranded dna intermediates. during the past decade, increasing evidence has led to the general acceptance that their replication follows a rolling-circle replication mechanism like bacteriophages with single-stranded dna. in a recent study, we showed that this is also true for abutilon mosaic geminivirus (abmv), but that this particular virus may also use a recombination-dependent replication (rdr) route in analogy to t4 ... | 2003 | 12584322 |
| genetic analysis and qtl mapping of early root bulking in an f1 population of non-inbred parents in cassava ( manihot esculenta crantz). | the genetic basis of early bulking in cassava was studied in a replicated, multi-locational trial using 144 f1 progeny derived from an intra-specific cross between two non-inbred parents. a second, sequential harvest experiment examined the relative importance of eight yield-related traits on early bulking and their qtls during the crop growth cycle. our objectives were to identify traits, and genes controlling them, strongly associated with early yield as a first step to marker-assisted improve ... | 2002 | 12582871 |
| genetic mapping of a dominant gene conferring resistance to cassava mosaic disease. | cassava mosaic disease (cmd) is the most-important disease of cassava ( manihot esculenta) in africa, and is a potential threat to latin american (la) cassava production. although this viral disease is still unknown in la, its vector - the whitefly - has recently been found. the disease is best controlled through host-plant resistance, which was first found in third backcross derivatives of an interspecific cross between cassava and manihot glaziovii, and is thought to be polygenic. recently, hi ... | 2002 | 12582500 |
| identification, isolation and quantification of representative bacteria from fermented cassava dough using an integrated approach of culture-dependent and culture-independent methods. | the use of denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge) and traditional culture-depending methods for examining the bacterial community of traditional cassava starch fermentation were investigated. it appeared that dgge profiles of total dna of cassava dough exhibited 10 distinguishable bands. in contrast, dgge fingerprints of bacteria recovered from enrichment cultures of fermented dough gave variable profiles containing fewer bands. bands corresponding to five bacterial species detected by d ... | 2003 | 12568751 |
| [continuous ethanol fermentation using tapioca starch by immobilized yeast cell without carrier]. | a widespread interest has been noted in continuous power ethanol fermentation utilizing systems with immobilized yeast cell through self-flocculating. we studied continuous ethanol fermentation by a naturally flocculent strain of schizosaccharomyces pombe and the performance of two-stage continuous ethanol fermentation system using suspended-bioreactors(total effective volume 1.5 l) has been established: the high biomass levels achieved allow efficient ethanol conversion(72.7 g/l, average), resi ... | 2000 | 12548945 |
| [study on factors influencing agrobacterium-mediated cassava transformation]. | factors influencing agrobacterium-mediated cassava transformation were investigated. among the four agrobacterium strains tested, lba 4404 (ptok 233) and lba 4404 (pbin9gusint) gave higher transient expression than c 58 c1 (pig121hm) and eha 105 (pbin9husint). pretreatment of explants by bombardment or vaccum had no significant effect on transient expression while preinduction of agrobacterium with acetosyringone showed better effects, and preculture of explants showed worse effects. all the cul ... | 1999 | 12548867 |
| adaptation to the digestion of nutrients of a starch diet or a non-starch polysaccharide diet in group-housed pregnant sows. | a trial was conducted with twenty group-housed pregnant sows to study the adaptation in nutrient digestibility to a starch-rich diet or a diet with a high level of fermentable non-starch polysaccharides (nsp) during a time period of 6 weeks. the starch-rich diet was primarily composed of wheat, peas and tapioca, whereas soya bean hulls and sugar beet pulp, which both are highly fermentable nsp sources, were used to formulate the nsp-rich diet. the starch-rich diet and the nsp-rich diet were form ... | 2002 | 12534834 |
| ion chromatography of phytate in roots and tubers. | the ion chromatographic method for the quantification of phytate (insp(6)) in foods was adapted for the analysis of roots and tubers. to maximize sensitivity, ultraviolet (uv) detection following postcolumn derivatization was compared with evaporative light-scattering detection (elsd). detection limits for phytate were 0.5 and 1 microg for uv and elsd, respectively. unidentified peaks eluting close to and after insp(6) were removed by solid-phase extraction. phytate was detected in 11 of 15 root ... | 2003 | 12517094 |
| gibberellic acid production by solid-state fermentation in coffee husk. | five strains of gibberella fujikuroi and one of fusarium moniliforme were screened for the production of gibberellic acid (ga3) in coffee husk, and based on the results, one strain, g. fujikuroi lpb-06, was selected. the comparative production of ga3 by solid-state fermentation and submerged fermentation indicated better productivity with the former technique, mainly with pretreated substrate. the ga3 accumulation was 6.1 times higher in the case of solid-state fermentation. considering the c:n ... | 2002 | 12396121 |
| optimisation of batch culture conditions for cyclodextrin glucanotransferase production from bacillus circulans df 9r. | background: the extracellular enzyme cyclodextrin glucanotransferase (cgtase) synthesizes cyclic malto-oligosaccharides called cyclodextrins (cds) from starch and related alpha-1,4-glucans. cgtases are produced by a variety of bacteria, mainly bacillus species, by submerged culture in complex medium. cgtases differ in the amount and types of cds produced. in addition, cgtase production is highly dependent on the strain, medium composition and culture conditions. therefore we undertook this study ... | 2002 | 12392599 |
| [sorption of mono- and sesquiterpenes by natural polysaccharides]. | sorption of terpenoids (essential oil components) from aqueous solutions by six types of native food starches was studied by capillary gas chromatography. sorption of volatile substances did not depend on amylose content in starch and specific surface of its granules. the degree of sorption was maximum (86%) for corn starch containing 25-28% amylose and decreased in the following order: tapioca starch (77%) > potato starch (74%) > wheat starch (70%) > high-amylose corn starch (58%) > amylopectin ... | 2006 | 12391760 |
| cytogenetics of manihot esculenta crantz (cassava) and eight related species. | thirty-nine cultivars of cassava and eight related wild species of manihot were analyzed in this work for number, morphology and size of chromosomes, prophase condensation pattern and the structure of the interphase nucleus. in four accessions, the chromosome size was measured and in some others, the number of secondary constrictions, meiotic behavior, c-band pattern, cma/dapi bands, nucleoli number and the location of 5s and 18s-5.8s-28s rdna sites were also observed. all investigated accession ... | 2002 | 12369103 |
| development and sensory acceptability of crackers made from the big-eye fish (brachydeuterus auritus). | the big-eye (brachydeuterus auritus), which is present in a large biomass in the gulf of guinea, is generally considered an underutilized fish species. in an attempt to add value, it was used to complement cassava starch (manihot esculenta crantz) to produce fish crackers. three levels of fish (40%, 50%, and 60%) and three levels of starch (60%, 50%, and 40%) were used in the formulations. proximate analyses and sensory evaluations were carried out. the protein, fat, and ash contents increased w ... | 2002 | 12362597 |
| tropical calcific pancreatitis: strong association with spink1 trypsin inhibitor mutations. | tropical calcific pancreatitis (tcp) is a chronic pancreatitis unique to developing countries in tropical regions. the cause of tcp is obscure. whereas environmental factors, such as protein energy malnutrition and ingestion of cassava, have been implicated, a genetic predisposition to the disease also may be important. in the present study we report on mutations in the serine protease inhibitor, kazal type 1 (spink1) gene in north indian patients with tcp. | 2002 | 12360463 |
| green leaves are the stuff of life. | children, pregnant women, nursing mothers, and the elderly need to eat dark green leafy vegetables. these vegetables provide vitamin a which prevents night blindness and increases resistance to illness. the vitamin is also transferred to babies in breast milk; so mothers, in particular, need to consume these vegetables. vitamin a is also contained in squash, sweet potatoes, carrots, mangoes, milk, eggs, and liver. iron, which prevents tiredness and weakness, is found in meat, peas, beans, spinac ... | 2013 | 12345402 |
| [children and traditional practices]. | african traditional practices can be both beneficial and harmful to the newly born. this article describes these practices from 4 perspectives: 1) the period following childbirth or "maternage;" 2) nutrition; 3) curative care; and 4) social customs. the beneficial practices include: 1) giving the baby water as soon as he is washed to prevent neonatal hypoglycemia; 2) breast feeding; 3) carrying the baby on the mother's back and 4) the traditional massage. the harmful practices during maternag ... | 1990 | 12342828 |
| the relevant population dynamics to land degradation in the northeast region. | this paper reviews the possible linkage between population factors such as population size/growth, in-migration/out-migration, and age/sex structures and land degradation in northeastern thailand. using both qualitative and quantitative methods, the feasible relationship between population factors and land degradation are analyzed. in addition, a review of the existing reforestation and population policy of the thai government is presented. analysis within sample units demonstrated a significa ... | 2000 | 12322566 |
| aids and agricultural production. report of a land utilization survey, masaka and rakai districts of uganda. | increased aids mortality and other preexisting conditions have contributed to agricultural productivity declines in the districts of masaka and rakai in uganda. these two districts were the most fertile in uganda and also had the highest hiv seroprevalence rates in africa. 66% of study households experienced land use decline to some extent over the past 5 years. the 11% decline in poultry production and 32% decline in cattle production was reportedly due to poor management and loss of grazing la ... | 1993 | 12319218 |
| notes on nambiquara demography. | total population, fertility, and differential mortality are described for the nambiquara of western mato grosso, brazil. the nambiquara are hunters and subsistence farmers of maize and manioc. communities are scattered clusters of 30 individuals, led by political "brothers." dravidian kinship and cross-cousin marriages predominate in exogamous marriages. western contact occurred after 1910 with the arrival of the telegraph line. missionary contact was during the 1920s, and claude levi-strauss vi ... | 1994 | 12319068 |
| what is a population? spouse import in the northwest amazon. | in northwest amazon societies, diverse groups marry across linguistic and geographic barriers: kinship and kin proximity occur according to cultural rules, and kinship, language, and residence may not be equated with genetic relatedness, as previously postulated. the assumption of genetic relatedness and random mating within a prescribed geographic zone or linguistic unit does not always hold true. models should be based on cultural determinants of population dynamics that are more sensitive to ... | 1994 | 12319063 |
| population and food problems in indonesia. | this discussion examines the relationship between population growth and food problems in indonesia and their connection with the total food production requirement particularly of staples or basic foods in the country. in 1976 indonesia's population numbered about 130 million. the uneven distribution of population by regions is 1 of the outstanding features of indonesia's demographic situation. the estimates of mortality levels for the period 1961-1971 mostly refer to life expectancies at birt ... | 1979 | 12312142 |
| [local food mixtures for the treatment of protein-calorie malnutrition in the mondongo, zaire rural health center]. | protein-calorie malnutrition is found in environments characterized by ignorance, illiteracy, poverty, poor hygiene, and absence of food processing industries. at the mondongo rural health center in zaire, malnourished children are not rare, although they live in an environment rich in the foods necessary for growth and development. parents are poorly informed about the desirable age at weaning, the nutritional requirements of weaned infants, and appropriate diet and food preparation for weane ... | 1993 | 12287305 |
| dying for water. | in danchira village in ghana for the last 5 years, women and children rise before dawn every day to fetch water from a tributary or the river densu, which is 5 miles from the village. diminished rainfall has dried the village's 3 ponds and bore-hole where the women and children used to fetch water. to exacerbate the water problem, the ghana water and sewerage corporation no longer comes to fill the huge water tank it brought to danchira when water scarcity first occurred. the villagers could ... | 1993 | 12287019 |
| [government policies and actions in burundi in the area of rural development]. | this article discusses policies and actions designed by the government of burundi to assure food self-sufficiency and to improve living conditions in rural areas. burundi has had a long history of food self-sufficiency due to good soils, adequate rainfall, and hard work by the rural population. in the past 3 decades, however, the food supply has been threatened by various factors including soil erosion and rapid population increase. the government has undertaken a reforestation program which cov ... | 2014 | 12268240 |
| [how to increase food production?]. | pressure of population on cultivable land, serious soil erosion, and low productivity due to scarcity of inputs have hampered efforts to provide an adequate diet for the population of rwanda. until the present, production has increased about as rapidly as population, but rwanda is not totally self-sufficient in food, future climatic conditions may be less favorable than those of the past, technical and resource constraints are likely to increase, and little new land will be available for cultiva ... | 1984 | 12267714 |
| [brazil: agricultural modernisation and food production restructuring in the international crisis]. | this study examines the complex relationship of capital accumulation, external debt, and food supply in brazil, a country which has simultaneously increased its food exports and its unsatisfied demand for food imports in the context of the world economic crisis. in brazil, the substitution of export cash crops for subsistence crops has been accompanied by a profound but incomplete restructuring of the basic food supply and model of consumption, a restructuring made possible by declining real co ... | 1985 | 12267623 |
| in vitro, greenhouse and field assessments of cassava lines for resistance to anthracnose disease caused by colletotrichum gloeosporioides f.sp. manihotis. | fifty-three cassava lines were selected from breeding populations at the international institute of tropical agriculture (iita), ibadan, nigeria and screened in vitro for resistance to cassava anthracnose disease (cad). the in vitro inoculation of stem cuttings with the fungus colletotrichum gloeosporioides f.sp. manihotis showed significant differences (p +/- 0.05) in acervuli production and in the sensitivity of the cassava lines to the fungal infection after 7 days of incubation at 25 degrees ... | 2002 | 12206320 |
| asean. | asean is a group of counties encompassing 3 million sq. km with 333 million inhabitants, of whom approximately 65% are literate. the group was formed august 8, 1967, and includes brunei, indonesia, malaysia, the philippines, singapore, and thailand. malay, indonesian, filipino, thai, chinese, and english are spoken by malay, thai, chinese, indian, and other ethnic groups who variously are of the islamic, buddhist, christian, taoist, and hindu faiths. life expectancy is approximately 85 years, wi ... | 1992 | 12178041 |
| linamarase expression in cassava cultivars with roots of low- and high-cyanide content. | this paper reports the expression and localization of linamarase in roots of two cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) cultivars of low and high cyanide. two different patterns of linamarase activity were observed. in the low-cyanide type, young leaves displayed very high enzyme activity during the early plant growing stage (3 months), whereas in root peel, the activity increased progressively to reach a peak in 11-month-old plants. conversely, in the high-cyanide cultivar (hcv), root peel linamara ... | 2002 | 12177481 |
| neuropathologic study of long term cyanide administration to goats. | cyanogenic glycosides, which release cyanide, are present in several plant species of high importance for animal production, such as cassava and sorghum. several human neurological diseases have been associated with chronic cyanide exposure. on the other hand, these effects in ruminants are almost unknown. thus, the objective of the present study was to determine the long-term lesions of the central nervous system (cns) caused by daily administration of potassium cyanide (kcn) to goats. thirty-f ... | 2002 | 12176095 |
| daily ingestion of 232th, 238u, 226ra, 228ra and 210pb in vegetables by inhabitants of rio de janeiro city. | the concentrations of the naturally occurring radionuclides 232th, 238u, 210pb, 226ra and 238ra were determined in the vegetables (leafy vegetables, fruit, root, bean and rice) and derived products (sugar, coffee, manioc flour, wheat flour, corn flour and pasta) consumed most by the adult inhabitants of rio de janeiro city. a total of 88 samples from 26 different vegetables and derived products were analyzed. the highest contribution to radionuclide intake arises from bean, wheat flour, manioc f ... | 2002 | 12141609 |
| effect of medium salt concentration on differentiation and maturation of somatic embryos of cassava (manihot esculenta crantz). | culture of cassava somatic embryos on media with an altered macro- and micro-nutrient salt concentration affected embryo development and germination capability. in the tests, quarter-, half-, full- or double-strength murashige and skoog (ms) media were compared. the maximum number of somatic embryos differentiated from a proliferative nodular embryogenic callus (nec) on either half- or full-strength ms medium, and the greatest numbers of cotyledonary stage embryos were formed on full-strength ms ... | 2002 | 12099540 |
| energy metabolism of cocks and broiler chickens fed on diets with different carbohydrate sources. | energy balances of cocks and chickens were measured using the nitrogen-carbon-balance method. in experiment 1 twelve adult white leghorn cocks were fed alternately on a basal ration or on a supplemental ration composed of 75% basal diet and 25% carbohydrate source as a supplement. in experiment 2 six groups of 12 male broiler chickens were fed successively on two diets each with different carbohydrate sources (40% of dm) and on two energy levels. the investigated carbohydrate sources were glucos ... | 2001 | 12098835 |
| wild manihot species do not possess c4 photosynthesis. | cultivated cassava (manihot esculenta) has a higher rate of photosynthesis than is usual for c3 plants and photosynthesis is not light saturated. for these reasons it has been suggested that cultivated cassava could be derived from wild species possessing c4 photosynthesis. the natural abundance of 13c and activities of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase and phosphoglycolate phosphatase were measured in leaves of 20 wild cassava species to test this hypothesis. all the species studied, including m. ... | 2002 | 12096814 |