Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| fluorination at position 6 of derivatives of methyl alpha-d-galactopyranoside. | 1994 | 7518742 | |
| convergent synthesis of an octasaccharide fragment of the o-specific polysaccharide of shigella dysenteriae type 1. | a stereocontrolled, convergent synthesis is described of the linear octasaccharide methyl glycoside alpha-l-rha p-(1-->2)-alpha-d-gal p-(1-->3)-alpha-glc p nac-(1-->3)-al pha-l-rha p-(1-->3)-alpha-l-rha p-(1-->2)-alpha-d-gal p-(1-->3) -alpha-d-glc p nac-(1-->3)-alpha-l-rha p-ome (11), which corresponds to two contiguous repeating units of the o-specific polysaccharide of shigella dysenteriae type 1. | 1994 | 7518739 |
| structure of the o antigen of escherichia coli k-12 and the sequence of its rfb gene cluster. | escherichia coli k-12 has long been known not to produce an o antigen. we recently identified two independent mutations in different lineages of k-12 which had led to loss of o antigen synthesis (d. liu and p. r. reeves, microbiology 140:49-57, 1994) and constructed a strain with all rfb (o antigen) genes intact which synthesized a variant of o antigen o16, giving cross-reaction with anti-o17 antibody. we determined the structure of this o antigen to be -->2)-beta-d-galf-(1-->6)-alpha-d-glcp- (1 ... | 1994 | 7517391 |
| genetic analysis of the o-specific lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis region (rfb) of escherichia coli k-12 w3110: identification of genes that confer group 6 specificity to shigella flexneri serotypes y and 4a. | we recently reported a novel genetic locus located in the sbcb-his region of the chromosomal map of escherichia coli k-12 which directs the expression of group 6-positive phenotype in shigella flexneri lipopolysaccharide, presumably due to the transfer of o-acetyl groups onto rhamnose residues of the s. flexneri o-specific polysaccharide (z. yao, h. liu, and m. a. valvano, j. bacteriol. 174:7500-7508, 1992). in this study, we identified the genetic region encoding group 6 specificity as part of ... | 1994 | 7517390 |
| genes for tdp-rhamnose synthesis affect the pattern of lipopolysaccharide heterogeneity in escherichia coli k-12. | the rough lipopolysaccharide (lps) of commonly used strains of escherichia coli k-12 has two distinctly different band patterns when analyzed by high-resolution polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. the lps of ancestral strains such as w1485f- consists primarily of a single broad gel band. in contrast, the lps of strains derived from strain y10 such as ab1133 or c600 gives three sharp gel bands. complementation studies using dna fragments from the rfb gene cluster of shigella dysenteriae 1 indicat ... | 1994 | 7517388 |
| synthesis of methyl o-alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)-alpha-d-galactopyranosides specifically deoxygenated at position 3, 4, or 6 of the galactose residue. | the title disaccharides were synthesized by condensation of 2,3,4-tri-o-benzoyl-alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl bromide with suitably protected, deoxygenated derivatives of methyl alpha-d-galactopyranoside. deoxygenation was achieved via activation of a protected methyl alpha-d-gluco- or galacto-pyranoside with n,n'-thiocarbonyldiimidazole followed by treatment with tributyltin hydride and azobisisobutyronitrile. at position 3, the deoxygenation was more successful when performed with the tri-o-benzoyla ... | 1994 | 7511986 |
| binding of the o-antigen of shigella dysenteriae type 1 and 26 related synthetic fragments to a monoclonal igm antibody. | shigella dysenteriae type 1 possesses an o-antigen whose repeating unit is -->3)-alpha-l-rhap-(1-->3)-alpha-l-rhap-(1-->2)-alpha-d-galp -(1-->3)-alpha-d- glcpnac-(1-->, where rhap is rhamnopyranosyl, galp is galactopyranosyl, and glcp is glucopyranosyl. using ligand-induced protein fluorescence change, we have measured the affinities of a monoclonal murine igm for 26 fragments of, or related to, the structure of the o-polysaccharide and of the igm fab for the intact o-specific bacterial polysacc ... | 1993 | 7503987 |
| a monoclonal antibody to shigella dysenteriae serotype 13 cross-reacting with shiga toxin. | 1995 | 7502927 | |
| mucosal immune response in patients with dysentery. | 1995 | 7502926 | |
| shigellosis in mozambique: the 1993 outbreak rehabilitation--a follow-up study. | in this paper we describe a dysentery outbreak in mozambique during 1993. a total of 47,483 cases and 199 deaths were reported, with an incidence rate of 292.5/100,000 and a fatality rate of 0.25% for the whole country. of the 144 districts in the country 123 were affected: those situated along the principal communications routes and corridors had high incidence rates, up to 3308/100,000. all the provincial capitals were affected with incidence rates between 59.6 and 4381.8/100,000. shigella dys ... | 1995 | 7502323 |
| role of amylase-treated, energy-dense liquid diet in the nutritional management of acute shigellosis in children: a controlled clinical trial. | to evaluate if an energy-dense porridge liquefied by amylase-rich flour (arf) from germinated wheat increased the calorie intake in children with acute shigellosis, we studied 66 children, aged 6-35 months, in a randomized, controlled clinical trial. children were randomized to receive either an energy-dense porridge liquefied with arf (group 1), a thick unaltered porridge (group 2) or a porridge diluted with water (group 3) to a similar viscosity as that in group 1. mean +/- sd calorie intakes ... | 1995 | 7488808 |
| isolation and characterization of shigella shigae cytotoxin. | shigella shigae cytotoxin was isolated from pressure-dialyzed culture medium and from a 26-year-old sample of partially purified toxin. the toxin was adsorbed to a column of acid-treated chitin at low salt concentration and eluted with 1 m nacl. the partially purified toxin was labeled with 125 i and resubmitted to chromatography on acid-treated chitin. the labeled material eluted with 1 m nacl was mixed with unlabeled rabbit hemoglobin as a carrier and the toxin was further purified by chromato ... | 1980 | 7350160 |
| measurement of hypozincaemia in mice: a sensitive test for detection of pyrogens. | 1. the effect of bacterial pyrogens on plasma zinc concentration in mice was studied as a method of bioassay for these substances. 2. a dose-related depression of plasma zinc concentrations was observed 4 h after intravenous injection of doses of 0.05-500 ng of purified endotoxins of salmonella abortus equi, shigella dysenteriae and escherichia coli. responses were dose-dependent and reproducible for each endotoxin in five strains of mice. 3. tolerance to endotoxin could be induced in mice by in ... | 1981 | 7285495 |
| [antimicrobial activity of chlorine-substituted 4-alkyl- and arylphenols]. | the results of the study on the antimicrobial activity of 12 chlorine-substituted 4-alkyl- and arylphenols against staphylococcus, streptococcus, e. coli, salmonella typhosa, salmonella typhimurium, shigella dysenteriae, proteus, klebsiella rhinoscleromatis, candida, trichophyton gypseum and microsporum lanosum are presented. it was found that introduction of the alkyl substitute to position 4 of orthochlorphenol increased the activity of the substances against the majority of test microbes. the ... | 1981 | 7271258 |
| enumeration and identification of pathogenic bacteria from sewage in kuwait. | mycobacterium spp. was isolated and enumerated in all sewage samples at different stages of the sewage treatment. aeromonas hydrophila, salmonella spp., shigella dysenteriae and others were isolated from both treated and untreated sewage. moreover, the serological identification of salmonella spp. was also done, using antisera specific to their antigenic structures. counts of bacteria in various sewage sludges and effluents tested showed the efficiency of the activated sludge process in reducing ... | 1982 | 7168261 |
| purification and biological characterization of shiga toxin from shigella dysenteriae 1. | shiga toxin has been purified in milligram quantities to near homogeneity from cell lysates of shigella dysenteriae 1 strain 3818-0. purification involved an initial ultracentrifugation, ammonium sulfate fractionation, chromatography on deae-cellulose and carboxymethyl cellulose, gel filtration, and preparative isoelectric focusing in sucrose gradients. the purified toxin was resolved by discontinuous polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis into a major cytotoxic protein band and a closely migrating, ... | 1982 | 7047403 |
| structural studies on a polysaccharide from shigella dysenteriae type 7. | the polysaccharide obtained from the o-somatic antigen of shigella dysenteriae type 7 (strain nctc 519/66) contains d-glucose, d-galactose, and 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-d-glucose in the mole ratios of 2:1-1. from the results of methylation, periodate oxidation, graded hydrolysis, and deamination studies, the structure assigned to the repeating unit of the polysaccharide is as follows, (formula: see text) oxidation studies with chromium trioxide revealed the nature of the anomeric linkages of some of ... | 1982 | 7046934 |
| expression in escherichia coli k12 of the cloned genes for a major outer membrane protein (ompa protein) from shigella dysenteriae, enterobacter aerogenes and serratia marcescens. | 1982 | 7044211 | |
| purification of a lethal toxin produced by shigella dysenteriae. | a lethal toxin was purified from the culture supernatant of shigella dysenteriae 1. the purification procedure utilized ammonium sulfate fractionation, column chromatography on deae-cellulose, cm-cellulose, hydroxylapatite and gel filtration on sephadex g-200. about a 4760-fold purification was achieved, with a yield of 2.7%. the purified lethal toxin appeared homogeneous on polyacrylamide gel disc electrophoresis. the ld50 of the purified lethal toxin in mice following i.p. injection was about ... | 1982 | 7043787 |
| [shigellosis in pediatric wards]. | 1981 | 7042492 | |
| [etiological factors in bacillary dysentery in poland 1965-1979]. | 1981 | 7041196 | |
| immunochemical and cytotoxic activities of shigella dysenteriae 1 (shiga) and shiga-like toxins. | toxins in culture supernatants and bacterial lysates of s. dysenteriae 1 and s. flexneri were quantitated by a cytotoxicity assay and a newly developed radioimmunoassay. cytotoxin titers paralleled toxin antigen levels. thus, variations in cytotoxicity among shigellae probably reflect differences in toxin yield rather than specific activity (cytotoxicity per microgram of toxin antigen). | 1982 | 7040247 |
| cloning and expression in escherichia coli k-12 of the genes for major outer membrane protein ompa from shigella dysenteriae, enterobacter aerogenes, and serratia marcescens. | the outer membranes of many gram-negative bacteria contain a major heat-modifiable protein which shows serological cross-reactivity with the ompa protein of escherichia coli k-12. using the cloned gene for the e. coli k12 protein as a dna-dna hybridization probe, we were able to identify the corresponding genes from shigella dysenteriae. enterobacter aerogenes, and serratia marcescens. these were cloned in a phage lambda vector, and their expression in e. coli k-12 was studied. all three ompa pr ... | 1982 | 7033204 |
| [antigens of shigella dysenteriae serovars 3-7. iii. chemical composition, toxic and physicochemical properties of exotoxins]. | the exotoxins of shigella dysenteriae, serovars 3-7, were isolated. these exotoxins were found to differ from o-antigens in their chemical composition and resistance to heating, drying and the action of chemical substances. the toxicity of exotoxin was determined by its thermolabile component. exotoxin formation varied in different strains. the preparations obtained from the cultures in the s-form, isolated from patients with severe toxic forms of the infectious process, possessed the highest to ... | 1981 | 7029981 |
| association of cockroaches with an outbreak of dysentery. | 1981 | 7029807 | |
| [diagnosis of grigor'ev-shiga dysentery]. | the data on the relative significance and composition of sh. dysenteriae serovars isolated in some regions of the ussr in 1975-1979 are presented. special tests revealed that endo agar was the best medium, while ploskirev's agar was the worst medium for growing sh. dysenteriae 1 (the museum strain and the newly isolated strain from bangladesh). the testing of agar with eosine-methylene blue yielded moderate results in respect of the growth of the museum strain; as to the growth of the strain fro ... | 1981 | 7025526 |
| [serologic affinity and specificity of action of pseudotuberculosis and coli-dysentery phages]. | the study of serological properties, specificity and the range of action has revealed affinity between y. pseudotuberculosis phages (pst, 3m, kotlyarova, 2344, 2391), some coliphages (t2, t3, t4) and sh. dysenteriae phage (dd iv). the existence of serovar iii of y. pseudotuberculosis phages has been established; to this serovar phage pst belongs. newly isolated 2344 and 2391 belong to serovar i. the problem of the existence of y. pseudotuberculosis phages as an independent group is discussed. | 1981 | 7023155 |
| subunit structure of shigella cytotoxin. | shigella cytotoxin was purified from the culture medium of shigella shigae 60 r and from the bacterial pellet by an extensive purification scheme involving chromatography on cibachron blue f3ga, chitin, and deae-cellulose columns, sucrose gradient centrifugation, and finally polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis under nondenaturing conditions. in sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gels, purified toxin showed two bands, a heavy one with the molecular weight of 30,500 (a chain), and a broad band m ... | 1981 | 7021550 |
| salmonella and shigella surveillance in hungary, 1972-1976. ii. shigella surveillance. | shigellae were isolated from 32 399 persons in the bacteriological laboratories of the public health stations between 1972-1976. the number of isolations ranged between 5325 and 8237 yearly. as s. dysenteriae and s. boydii serotypes occurred only in about 1.5% of all isolations, the epidemiological situation was determined by the incidence of s. flexneri and s. sonnei. except in 1973, s. sonnei constituted the majority in every year. s. sonnei predominance, observed first in the western regions ... | 1981 | 7020354 |
| enterotoxigenic bacteria in food and water from an ethiopian community. | food and water samples from an ethiopian community were screened for the presence of enterotoxin-producing bacteria. using the chinese hamster ovary cell assay, 40 of 213 isolates (18.8%) produced heat-labile (lt) enterotoxin. these lt-producing isolates comprised 33 of 177 (18.6%) strains from 24 of 68 food samples (35.3%) and 7 of 36 (19.4%) isolates of 4 of 17 water samples (23.5%). one lt-producing strain each of salmonella emek and of shigella dysenteriae was found. three pseudomonads, all ... | 1981 | 7016032 |
| quantitative microtiter cytotoxicity assay for shigella toxin. | the cytotoxic activity of shigella dysenteriae 1 was assayed by exposing hela cells in microtiter cultures to dilutions of toxin. exposure to toxin caused either failure of cells in suspension to attach or detachment of cells from established monolayers. estimates of toxin potency were made by staining residual cells with crystal violet and visually inspecting the stained plates. quantitation of the cytotoxic effect was made possible by eluting and spectrophotometrically measuring the stain. the ... | 1980 | 7012172 |
| protein synthesis in hela or henle 407 cells infected with shigella dysenteriae 1, shigella flexneri 2a, or salmonella typhimurium w118. | the incorporation of [14c]leucine into protein was studied in two mammalian cell lines which had been infected with strains of shigella dysenteriae 1, shigella flexneri 2a, or salmonella typhimurium w118. these cell lines differed in susceptibility to the effects of exogenously applied shiga cytotoxin. all invasive shigella strains (which synthesize this toxin to a greater or lesser degree) were found to inhibit protein synthesis in both cell lines with equal efficiency. leucine accumulation con ... | 1981 | 7012026 |
| nucleotide sequences of the trpg regions of escherichia coli, shigella dysenteriae, salmonella typhimurium and serratia marcescens. | 1980 | 7007652 | |
| resistance to trimethoprim and other antibiotics in shigellae isolated in the province of ontario. | antimicrobial susceptibility determinations for three commonly used and seven seldom used antibacterial drugs against 482 strains of shigellae isolated in ontario during 1977 and 1978 were carried out. resistance to the first-line treatment drugs, ampicillin and tetracycline, occurred in 20.5 and 39.2% of strains, respectively. the emergence of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole resistance was noted for the first time in 3.2% of the strains in 1978. all strains retained their susceptibility to gentam ... | 1980 | 7006767 |
| relative potencies of four reference endotoxin standards as measured by the limulus amoebocyte lysate and usp rabbit pyrogen tests. | four commonly used reference endotoxin standards, escherichia coli o113:h10:k0, e. coli o55:b5, salmonella abortusequi, and shigella dysenteriae were compared by the usp rabbit pyrogen and the limulus amoebocyte lysate tests. by the rabbit pyrogen test, s. abortus equi was identified as the most potent endotoxin, followed closely by e. coli o113:h10:k0 and e. coli o55:b5. | 1980 | 7006505 |
| survival of shigellae in soil. | the survival of four shigella strains in soil (sh. sonnei, sh. boydii, sh. flexneri and sh. dysenteriae) was studied under various conditions. their survival period was tested in two different types of sterile soil at 18-20 degrees c and in one type of soil at 4 and 37 degrees c. this latter type of soil, after enrichment with casaminoacids or (nh4)2hpo4 was also used for testing again the survival of the strains at 18-20 degrees c. though the initial number of the inoculated microorganisms was ... | 1980 | 7006270 |
| [characteristics and function of enterotoxins of gram negative bacteria (author's transl)]. | several factors are important for the pathogenesis of bacterial intestinal disease: 1. colonisation of the intestine; 2. exo(= entero)toxin production without penetration into the intestinal wall; 3. invasion of the intestinal wall with or without (?) simultaneous formation of enterotoxin. these factors are of different importance for the various infective agents. whereas cholera is exclusively caused by an enterotoxin, this is of minor importance for the pathogenesis of shigella dysentery. the ... | 1980 | 7005079 |
| contrasting epidemiology of shigellae dysenteriae and shigellae flexneri, dacca. | 1980 | 7003832 | |
| isolation and characterization of minicell-producing mutants of shigella spp. | minicells are small, anucleate cells resulting from aberrant cell divisions at the polar ends of bacilli. we have isolated minicell-producing mutant strains of shigella flexneri 2a (mc-i) and shigella dysenteriae 1 (mc-v) after mutagenesis with n-methyl-n'-nitro-n-nitrosoguanidine. microscopically, broth cultures of mc-i and mc-v were found to contain free minicells, normal cells, and filamentous cells with polar, attached minicells. both strains retained their ability to provoke keratoconjuncti ... | 1980 | 7002790 |
| characterization of shigella dysenteriae 1 (shiga) toxin purified by anti-shiga toxin affinity chromatography. | shigella dysenteriae 1 (shiga) toxin was purified from whole-cell lysates by antitoxin affinity column chromatography, radioiodination, and sephacryl s-200 gel filtration of 125i-labeled affinity column eluates. two chromatographic peaks were observed. the percentage of radioactivity in peak i samples immunoprecipitated with antitoxin ranged from 95 to 100%. a pool of samples from this first peak contained over 90% of the hela-cell-cytotoxic units applied to the column and was enterotoxic for ra ... | 1980 | 7002787 |
| shigella dysenteriae i enterotoxin: proposed role in pathogenesis of shigellosis. | bacterial strains of shigella dysenteriae i (3818-t and 3818-o) and shigella enterotoxin altered myoelectric activity of the small intestine in new zealand white rabbits. these agents were compared with activity caused by sterile culture broth or sterile saline. the altered myoelectric activity was characterized by two distinct complexes: repetitive bursts of action potentials (rbap), characteristic of invasive strains of bacteria, and the migrating action potential complex (mapc), characteristi ... | 1980 | 7001925 |
| cytotoxicity of shigella dysenteriae 1 for cultured mammalian cells. | the cytotoxicity of an invasive toxigenic wild-type strain of shigella dysenteriae 1 (3818t) was compared with that of noninvasive, toxigenic strain 38180 and hypotoxigenic strain 725. cytolysis of hela or henle 407 cells exposed to these strains was measured by release of (3h) uridine from prelabeled monolayers. hela cells exposed to noninvasive, toxigenic strain 38180, or to partially purified shiga toxin were lysed only after a latent period of more than 8 hr. during this period, protein synt ... | 1980 | 7001884 |
| randomized trial of high- and low-dose ampicillin therapy for treatment of severe dysentery due to shigella dysenteriae type 1. | to establish optimal therapy for severe dysentery due to shigella dysenteriae type 1 and shigella flexneri, we compared in a prospective randomized trial two oral ampicillin doses (50 and 150 mg/kg per day) in 57 children and 39 adults in dacca, bangladesh. clinical failure did not occur in either group, indicating that conventional doses need not be increased even in severe disease. among children 3 years of age or under, bacteriological relapses tended to be more frequent in the low-dose group ... | 1980 | 6999981 |
| esterase electrophoretic pattern relatedness between shigella species and escherichia coli. | esterases of 57 strains of shigella dysenteriae, sh. flexneri, sh. boydii and sh. sonnei and 26 strains of escherichia coli, including the alkalescens dispar group, were compared by polyacrylamide-agarose gel electrophoresis. six types of esterase bands differing in their ability to hydrolyse synthetic substrates and in their sensitivity to heat and to di-isofluoropropyl phosphate were defined. individual activities and sensitivities of these bands and the apparent molecular weight of the major ... | 1980 | 6999118 |
| association of human enteric pathogenicity and mouse lung toxicity of escherichia coli. | mouse lung toxicity of 439 strains (431 escherichia coli, 1 shigella dysenteriae 1, 1 enterobacter cloacae, 5 vibrio sp., 1 klebsiella) was compared to other pathogenicity tests (mouse virulence, enterotoxicity, guinea pig eye test), to serogroup distribution, loss of virulence on storage, origin and haemolytic activity. mouse lethality was highest in serogroup o4 (p < 0.001), o18a,c (p < 0.001); serogroups o6, o20, o75, o115, o147 were next in order. e. coli serogroups o19, o26, o28a,b, o32, o5 ... | 1980 | 6998258 |
| [formation of iron-binding metabolites by bacteria of the enterobacteriaceae family]. | the capacity of enterobacteriaceae strains cultivated in a synthetic medium for the biosynthesis of catechols and hydroxamates has been studied. among the strains under study all strains of the genera salmonella (8 strains), escherichia (102 strains), citrobacter (5 strains), enterobacter (2 strains), serratia (1 strain) synthesize catechols. in the genus shigella (128 strains) all sh. flexneri serovars (79 strains) do not synthesize catechols, other representatives of this genus synthesize iron ... | 1980 | 6998212 |
| regulation of tryptophan biosynthesis. | 1980 | 6996563 | |
| bacillary dysentery due to multidrug resistant sh. dysenteriae type 1. | 1980 | 6991403 | |
| shigella toxin inhibition of binding and translation of polyuridylic acid by escherichia coli ribosomes. | shigella toxin inhibits polyuridylic acid-directed polymerization of phenylalanine in ribosome-enzyme systems obtained from escherichia coli or from shigella dysenteriae. the inhibition is the result of toxin acting on ribosomes to prevent polyuridylic acid attachment. | 1980 | 6988411 |
| prolonged intermittent diarrhea after shiga dysentery: postdysenteric syndrome. | a 42-year-old woman had dysentery caused by the shiga bacillus, shigella dysenteriae type 1, while taking diphenoxylate with atropine during and after her return from a trip to mexico. although she was treated with appropriate antibiotics, she suffered a prolonged and toxic acute course followed by intermittent bouts of diarrhea and abdominal cramping which persisted for two years. the risk of confusing shiga dysentery with ulcerative colitis is illustrated by the presentation, management, and p ... | 1980 | 6987740 |
| plasmids and antibiotic resistance in gram-negative bacteria. | 1980 | 6987459 | |
| fever, antipyretics and serum iron levels in rabbits. | the intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection of bacterial endotoxin (shigella dysenteriae) produces a rise in deep-body temperature in rabbits. the increase in body temperature was partially inhibited by polymyxin b (p), and completely suppressed by ketoprofen (k). the systemic injection of bacterial endotoxins (shigella dysenteriae or salmonella typhosa) elicited an elevation of body temperature in rabbits which was partially blocked by polymyxin b and completely antagonized by ketoprofen. se ... | 1982 | 6983446 |
| in vitro antibacterial activity of fluorinated analogs of chloramphenicol and thiamphenicol. | we evaluated the in vitro antimicrobial activity of sch 24893, sch 25298, and sch 25393, three novel analogs of chloramphenicol and thiamphenicol. all of the analogs had minimal inhibitory concentrations of less than or equal to 10 micrograms/ml for 18 chloramphenicol-thiamphenicol-resistant strains of shigella dysenteriae and 21 strains of resistant salmonella typhi. the analogs were also more active than were chloramphenicol and thiamphenicol against chloramphenicol-resistant enteric bacteria, ... | 1981 | 6957162 |
| interaction of shigella shigae cytotoxin with receptors on sensitive and insensitive cells. | the effect of a cytotoxin isolated from shigella shigae has been tested on different cell lines. hela s3 cells, as well as some other human carcinoma cells, were killed by picomolar to femtomolar concentrations of the pure toxin, whereas certain other human carcinoma cells and a variety of non-epithelial cells from human tissue and from various animal tissues were resistant to-nanomolar concentrations of the toxin. binding studies with 125 i-labelled shigella shigae cytotoxin showed that the sen ... | 1980 | 6895387 |
| the cytotoxic activity of shigella toxin. evidence for catalytic inactivation of the 60 s ribosomal subunit. | the cytotoxic test system for shigella shigae toxin was improved and used to study the stability of the toxin to various ph values, temperature, and chemicals. inhibition of protein synthesis is the first demonstrable effect in cells treated with shigella toxin. this inhibition appears to be at the level of peptide chain elongation. an inhibition effect on cell-free protein synthesis is exhibited by toxin pretreated first with trypsin and then with dithiothreitol and 8 m urea or 1% sodium dodecy ... | 1981 | 6894922 |
| shigella dysenteriae bacteremia. | 1983 | 6889165 | |
| [antigens of shigella dysenteriae serovars 3-7. iv. immunochemical study of the exotoxin]. | the exotoxins of sh. dysenteriae, serovars 3 and 7, possess antigenic and serological properties and are characterized by the heterogeneous antigenic structure which distinctly differs from the structure of o-antigen in its immunochemical properties. these exotoxins consist of thermolabile and thermostable components. the thermolabile exotoxin fraction is a lethal toxin. the thermostable exotoxin fraction, obtained from the cultures of sh. dysenteriae in the s-form, corresponds to o-antigen and ... | 1982 | 6808792 |
| increase in drug resistance among shigella dysenteriae, sh flexneri, and sh boydii. | 1982 | 6803969 | |
| behavioural and body temperature effects of meningococcal lipopolysaccharide after intraventricular injection in adult fowls gallus domesticus. | the effects of the meningococcal lipopolysaccharide (lps), given into the ii cerebral ventricle of adult fowls, were studied on behaviour and body temperature. immediately after the administration a marked and dose- dependent behavioural sedation or sleep lasting over 2 hours or more according to the dose was observed. the body temperature effects of lps were biphasic, i.e. and immediate initial phase of hypothermia lasting about 100 min, followed by a longer-lasting fever response. a pretreatme ... | 1981 | 6800001 |
| immune response to parental and rough mutant strains of salmonella minnesota. | specificity of immune response to smooth and rough mutant strains of salmonella minnesota was investigated. immunization of mice with rd and re rough mutants resulted in formation of bactericidal plaque-forming cells directed against the lipopolysaccharide structure of both the mutants and the parental smooth strain. these antibody plaques, however, were not bactericidal for smooth strains of other gram-negative species, i.e., escherichia coli, salmonella typhosa, klebsiella pneumoniae, shigella ... | 1981 | 6793518 |
| increase in drug resistance among shigella dysenteriae, sh flexneri, and sh boydii. | two thousand three hundred and seventy strains of shigella dysenteriae, sh flexneri, and sh boydii isolated in england and wales from 1974 to 1978 were tested for resistance to 12 antimicrobial drugs. eighty per cent of strains were resistant to one or more drugs, with sulphonamide resistance occurring most frequently. resistance to streptomycin, tetracycline, ampicillin, and chloramphenicol increased during the period, as did the incidence of multiple resistance. most infections due to sh dysen ... | 1981 | 6790085 |
| [features of the infectious process caused by shigellae of different species]. | 1980 | 6778021 | |
| effects of intravenous and aerosol administration of crude shigella toxin to rhesus macaques: preliminary study. | experiments were conducted to determine the dose response, survival time, blood biochemical changes, and cardiohepatic responses to a single iv injection of crude shigella toxin in rhesus macaques (macaca mulatta). circulatory shock, hepatic falure, respiratory depression, dyspnea, convulsions, and coma were observed before death. the survival time was inversely related to the administered toxic dose, which ranged from 20 to 200 microgram/kg of body weight. however, the severity of lesions in th ... | 1980 | 6773452 |
| comparative studies on the regulation of tryptophan synthesis. | in vitro dna recombination techniques have revolutionized the study of genetic control of biosynthetic pathways. using examples drawn from the pathway of tryptophan synthesis, approaches to the deciphering of regulatory signals and response mechanisms through transposition of dna segments and dna sequence analysis will be presented. after reviewing the known chromosomal arrangements and regulatory patterns of trp genes in the bacterial groups studied so far, and describing the results of transfe ... | 1980 | 6772375 |
| foodborne outbreak of shigellosis caused by an unusual shigella strain. | a family outbreak of foodborne shigellosis caused by an unusual strain of shigella is described. the strain was a mannitol-positive variant of shigella dysenteriae and agglutinated in antiserum prepared against provisional serotype 3341-55. | 1980 | 6768766 |
| [anti-shigella dysenteriae 1 antibodies in the mexican population. their possible relation to the central american outbreaks of 1968-70]. | 1982 | 6765039 | |
| isolation of the shigella genus bacteria from the beach sand and water of the bay of gdańsk. | 1982 | 6764618 | |
| bacterial adhesiveness and invasiveness in cell culture monolayer. 2. in vitro invasiveness of 45 strains belonging to the family enterobacteriaceae. | the invasive potential of 45 presumptive enteropathogenic and non-enteropathogenic bacterial strains belonging to the family enterobacteriaceae have been tested using the serény test and hep-2 cell monolayers examined by a combined light optical method. all the presumptive enteropathogenic strains of shigella dysenteriae, s. boydii, s. flexneri, s. sonnei and salmonella typhimurium showed in vitro invasiveness in the hep-2 cell culture test. fourteen presumptive non-enteropathogenic strains of e ... | 1982 | 6762798 |
| [use of coagglutination for serotyping shigella dysenteriae and shigella boydii]. | the coagglutination test was used to identify shigella boydii and shigella dysenteriae. a trial was carried out with 13 native rabbit antisera to s. boydii and 10 antisera to s. dysenteriae, as well as with coagglutinating reagents prepared from these antisera. the use of coagglutinating reagents was shown to ensure the complete specificity of the results, to prevent the adsorption of diagnostic antisera and to decrease their consumption 50 times. the importance of the coagglutination test for t ... | 1982 | 6760638 |
| [bacillary dysentery - 1980]. | 1982 | 6755564 | |
| production of shigella dysenteriae type 1-like cytotoxin by escherichia coli. | strains of escherichia coli previously implicated or proven to be causes of diarrhea were examined for production of a toxin similar to that of shigella dysenteriae type 1 (shiga). organisms grown in an iron-depleted broth were lysed by pressure disruption followed by ultracentrifugation. saline-dialyzed extracts were tested for cytotoxic effects on hela cells that were neutralizable with antiserum to shiga toxin. among the 13 e. coli strains so analyzed, 11 made a shiga-like cytotoxin in levels ... | 1982 | 6754826 |
| the leukemoid reaction in shigellosis. | leukemoid reactions occurred in 136 patients (3.8%) hospitalized with shigellosis in bangladesh. sixty-eight percent of the patients with leukemoid reactions were children less than 4 years old. when compared with patients without leukemoid reactions, the leukemoid reactions were significantly associated with children aged less than 10 years. the most common serotype of shigella in the patients with leukemoid reactions was shigella dysenteriae 1, isolated from 96 patients (71%), whereas the most ... | 1984 | 6695872 |
| [clinical and laboratory studies on acute bacterial diarrhea]. | 1984 | 6437636 | |
| drug resistance in shigella dysenteriae, s flexneri and s boydii in england and wales: increasing incidence of resistance to trimethoprim. | a total of 2753 strains of shigella belonging to subgroups a, b, and c that were isolated from patients in england and wales during the period from 1979 to mid-1983 were studied. of these, 1690 (61%) were from patients recently returned from abroad or in contact with recent travellers, and 760 (45%) of these affected travellers from the indian subcontinent. the number of strains resistant to sulphonamides and streptomycin remained at a high level throughout (average 76% and 72% respectively). re ... | 1984 | 6423079 |
| hospital-associated outbreak of shigella dysenteriae type 2--maryland. | 1983 | 6405168 | |
| an epidemic of blood and mucus diarrhoea complicated by disseminated intravascular coagulation. | 1984 | 6399690 | |
| shigellosis: an old disease with new faces. | 1984 | 6397507 | |
| [shigella dysenteriae in our environment]. | 1984 | 6394922 | |
| shigellemia. | 1984 | 6394497 | |
| [the local epidemic of shigella dysenteriae in wuwei county, gansu province]. | 1984 | 6394140 | |
| pathogenesis of shigella diarrhea. ix. simplified high yield purification of shigella toxin and characterization of subunit composition and function by the use of subunit-specific monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies. | a simple purification scheme for shigella cytotoxin was devised, resulting in high yields (approximately 50%) and a 1,300-fold increase in specific activity compared with the initial crude bacterial cell lysate. the purified toxin was enterotoxic in ligated rabbit ileal loops and neurotoxic when injected into the peritoneal cavity of mice. measurement of specific activity of cytotoxin and enterotoxin demonstrated that these two toxicities copurify during the fractionation procedure. on sodium do ... | 1984 | 6392471 |
| [molecular structure of the o-specific polysaccharide of shigella dysenteriae type 2]. | 1984 | 6391882 | |
| epidemic shiga bacillus dysentery in central africa. | an outbreak of dysentery began late in 1979 in central africa and spread to involve a major portion of zaire as well as rwanda and burundi. we traveled to a mission hospital in northeast zaire during the epidemic and isolated shigella dysenteriae, type 1, from most of the patients studied. all isolates were resistant to ampicillin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, sulfathiazole, and streptomycin but sensitive to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. antimicrobial resistance was transferable to escherichi ... | 1984 | 6391226 |
| [bacillary dysentery 1982]. | 1984 | 6390523 | |
| epidemic dysentery caused by the shiga bacillus in a southern indian village. | multi-drug resistant shigella dysenteriae type 1 caused an epidemic of dysentery in a village in southern india. the epidemic started as a common source outbreak, through the piped water supply of the village with subsequent person-to-person spread. although the attack rate was high, with nearly 1/2 the children under age 5 being affected, the case fatality rate was only about 1%. of the 248 patients who attended the field clinic, 89.4% passed small mucoid stools mixed with blood, with the ma ... | 1984 | 6389664 |
| expression of lipopolysaccharide o antigen in escherichia coli k-12 hybrids containing plasmid and chromosomal genes from shigella dysenteriae 1. | the requirement for both plasmid and chromosomal genes in the biosynthesis of shigella dysenteriae 1 lipopolysaccharide o antigen was demonstrated in escherichia coli-shigella hybrids. a 6-megadalton s. dysenteriae 1 plasmid, designated pwr23, was phenotypically tagged with the tn3 ampicillin-resistance transposon. the tagged plasmid, designated pwr24, was transferred by transformation or conjugal mobilization to a rough e. coli k-12 recipient. although the resultant hybrids were agglutinated in ... | 1984 | 6389345 |
| usefulness of plasmid profiles for differentiation of shigella isolates in bangladesh. | we studied the plasmid profiles of 136 shigella isolates in bangladesh to determine whether plasmid profiles could be used for differentiation of strains for epidemiological studies. many different plasmid patterns were observed within each species, indicating that many genetically different strains of shigella are responsible for illness in bangladesh. | 1984 | 6386850 |
| the humoral antibody response to shigella dysenteriae type 1 infection, as determined by elisa. | an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for determining the class-specific humoral antibody response to the lipopolysaccharide antigen from shigella dysenteriae serotype 1 bacteria has been tested. two or more serum samples from each of 60 persons infected with this organism during a dysentery outbreak in a boarding school for young men near haiphong, viet nam, and single serum samples from 39 healthy vietnamese and from 20 healthy swedes were included in the study. comparison of the titres ... | 1984 | 6386207 |
| [a patient with a complicated course of shigellosis]. | 1984 | 6384800 | |
| small virulence plasmid of shigella dysenteriae 1 strain w30864 encodes a 41,000-dalton protein involved in formation of specific lipopolysaccharide side chains of serotype 1 isolates. | a 6-megadalton plasmid, phw400, of shigella dysenteriae 1 strain w30864 was previously found to specify one or more functions for o-antigen production and bacterial virulence (h. watanabe and k. n. timmis, infect. immun. 43:391-396, 1984). the region of phw401, a tn801-tagged derivative of phw400, responsible for o-antigen production has been localized by gene cloning and tn5 transposon mutagenesis. analysis of lipopolysaccharide isolated from s. dysenteriae 1 bacteria carrying mutant plasmids r ... | 1984 | 6384048 |
| effect of bacterial endotoxin on body temperature, plasma zinc and plasma concentrations of the acute-phase protein serum amyloid p component in mice. | bacterial endotoxin and lipid a evoked dose-dependent increases in body temperature and plasma sap concentrations and dose-dependent falls in plasma zinc concentrations in mice. the respective sensitivities of the three variables to lipid a or to whole endotoxin had the relation sap greater than zinc much greater than body temperature; zinc and sap responses were evoked by less than 1 ng lipid a/endotoxin. pretreatment with indomethacin prevented only the temperature response to lipid a. pretrea ... | 1984 | 6380557 |
| changes in the trend of shigellosis in dhaka: family study on secondary infection, clinical manifestation and sensitivity pattern: 1980. | the incidence of shigellosis and the death rate have increased and the resistance of shigellae to antibiotics has changed in dhaka during our experiences. in 1980, we investigated the secondary infection and case rates, infection to case ratio, duration of illness, excretion of shigellae and antibiotic sensitivity pattern in 100 families with cases of shigellosis, culturing rectal swabs obtained by home visits for a 10-day period. standard methods were used for culture and sensitivity tests. the ... | 1984 | 6380011 |
| [shigellosis abroad]. | 1983 | 6379992 | |
| [arthritis in shigella and salmonella infections]. | 1984 | 6379799 | |
| circulating antisomatic antibody response in shiga dysentery & igm & igg activities after 2-mercaptoethanol treatment. | 1984 | 6378776 | |
| dried filter paper for sending dysenteric faeces to the laboratory. a neglected method? | 1984 | 6375592 | |
| [recent advances in the molecular mechanism of action of bacterial toxins, in particular of diphtheria, cholera, coli, botulinum and shigella toxins as well as tetanospasmin and the toxins of staphylococcus aureus]. | great progress was achieved in the clarification of the molecular structure and the mechanism of action of the toxins of pathogenic forms of bacteria. proportions of toxins of corynebacterium diphtheriae and of pseudomonas aeruginosa transfer from the nad and adp-ribose protein to an amino acid of the elongation factor 2. thus the protein synthesis is much inhibited. the cholera toxin and the l-toxin from escherichia coli have a similar structure. they transfer an adp-ribose portion from nad to ... | 1984 | 6375175 |
| [transfer of h2s plasmid from e. coli to shigella]. | 1983 | 6374333 | |
| immunochemical studies on a polysaccharide from shigella dysenteriae type 2. | the polysaccharide isolated from shigella dysenteriae type 2, strain nctc 566, on smith degradation and graded hydrolysis yielded three oligosaccharides which were characterised using methylation studies. using homologous rabbit antiserum and the monosaccharides that constituted the polysaccharide and the oligosaccharides isolated from it and the cross-reactions in some type-specific pneumococcal antisera, immunochemical specificities of different sugar groupings in the polysaccharide molecule w ... | 1983 | 6371498 |
| shigella dysentery in tripoli, libya. | 1984 | 6371260 |