Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| towards malaria control in nigeria: a qualitative study on the population of mosquitoes. | malaria is still highly prevalent in many tropical countries and this disease can only survive in areas where mosquitoes and infected human populations are high. relevant information on the species of mosquitoes, their habitats and their population are important in planning preventative strategies in the control of malaria, hence this study. mosquito species and their habitats were investigated in both high and low density areas of benin city, edo state, nigeria. the results showed that culex pi ... | 1995 | 8568784 |
| infection of aedes albopictus (diptera: culicidae) and ae. aegypti with lambornella stegomyiae (ciliophora: tetrahymenidae). | the transformation of lambornella stegomyiae trophonts to theronts, the distribution of invasion cysts on larval aedes albopictus cuticle, and the virulence of l. stegomyiae to ae. albopictus and aedes aegypti were studied in the laboratory. transformation of trophonts into theronts was induced by a morphogenic agent released from larval ae. albopictus homogenate. the first transformation was observed 4 hr after exposure to larval mosquito homogenate, but most transformations occurred between 12 ... | 1995 | 8568285 |
| understanding productivity, a key to aedes aegypti surveillance. | the objective of this work was to define criteria that could be applied to achieve faster, more economical, and accurate assessment of vector populations for control of dengue viruses. during 1989-1990, 1,349 premises were surveyed in townsville, charters towers and mingela/ravenswood, queensland, australia. in each locality, 1.9-8.4% of premises contained three or more containers with aedes aegypti immature forms and were designated as key premises. comparison of surveys in townsville from 1989 ... | 1995 | 8561260 |
| the premise condition index: a tool for streamlining surveys of aedes aegypti. | premise inspections and treatment of the larval habitats of container-breeding aedes aegypti are extremely labor intensive. since this means of control is the only one available in relation to dengue fever, this report presents an effective approach for streamlining premise surveys in north queensland, australia. from a survey of 877 premises in townsville, charters towers, and mingela/ravenswood in 1990, occupier and premise variables were collected to examine any relationships with the presenc ... | 1995 | 8561259 |
| characterization of six highly mosquitocidal bacillus thuringiensis strains that do not belong to h-14 serotype. | four strains belonging to bacillus thuringiensis serovars thompsoni, malaysiensis, canadensis, jegathesan and two auto-agglutinating b.t. strains were identified as being highly toxic to the mosquito larvae of the species aedes aegypti, anopheles stephensi, and culex pipiens. their larvicidal and hemolytic activities were determined and compared with those of strains known to be highly mosquitocidal and/or cytolytic from serovars of b.t. israelensis, morrisoni, darmstadiensis, medellin, kyushuen ... | 1996 | 8555944 |
| parasitism of aedes aegypti and ae. albopictus (diptera: culicidae) by ascogregarina spp. (apicomplexa: lecudinidae) in florida. | aedes aegypti (l.) and ae. albopictus (skuse) from 40 sites in 17 counties of florida were surveyed for gregarine parasites during the spring and autumn of 1993 and in july 1994. larvae collected from containers (mainly tires) were dissected to determine the number of gregarine trophozoites present. ascogregarina spp. were found at 70% of the sites and occurred as frequently in ae. aegypti populations as in ae. albopictus. within sites, parasite distributions were highly variable and aggregated ... | 1995 | 8551508 |
| establishment and characterization of three cell lines from aedes triseriatus (diptera: culicidae). | three cell lines (a.t. grip-1, 2, and 3) were established from aedes triseriatus (say) embryonated eggs or neonate larvae and their morphology, growth, karyotype, and isozyme pattern were studied. the isozyme alleles observed in the 3 cell lines also were found in adults of the original mosquito colony. each cell line differed in enzymatic, morphological, and karyotypical patterns. la crosse encephalitis (lac) and snowshoe hare (ssh) viruses, members of the california encephalitis virus group, w ... | 1995 | 8551501 |
| failure of immune sera to neutralize dengue-2 virus in intrathoracically inoculated aedes aegypti. | aedes aegypti became infected when inoculated with a mixture of dengue-2 virus and anti-dengue-2 antibodies, but not when they were exposed to the same mixture per os. this phenomenon merits more detailed investigation. understanding why this difference in mosquito infection rate occurs may lead to improved dengue virus assays or provide insights into the nature of dengue virus-antibody interactions. | 1995 | 8551312 |
| evaluation of enemas for exposing aedes aegypti to suspensions of dengue-2 virus. | to determine if enemas could be used to simulate oral exposure of aedes aegypti to dengue-2 virus, we compared infection rates of mosquitoes administered an enema of a blood suspension containing dengue-2 virus to infection rates in mosquitoes that imbibed the same suspension from a drop of blood. in 1 of 4 experiments infection rates were significantly different. more importantly, during 2 of the 4 trials, 100% of the mosquitoes in the enema treatment group were infected. we speculate that the ... | 1995 | 8551311 |
| residual activity of three slow-release temephos formulations against aedes aegypti larvae. | residual effectiveness of plaster matrix formulations of temephos and temephos plus an emulsifier (atlox 3409f) were evaluated against aedes aegypti larvae during an 8-wk period. formulations of 2% and 5% (ai) atlox with 5% (ai) temephos yielded 100% larval mortality for 8 wk. a 5% temephos formulation without the addition of the emulsifier produced 100% larval mortality through only 1 wk. | 1995 | 8551307 |
| probing and gorging responses of three mosquito species to a membrane feeding system at a range of temperatures. | membrane feeding of 3 mosquito species, aedes aegypti, anopheles stephensi, and anopheles arabiensis, with formulated protein meals was carried out at a range of temperatures. the response was evaluated in terms of probing after 5 min, engorgement after 90 min, and 50% feeding time. aedes aegypti showed a satisfactory feeding response across the complete temperature range investigated, 28-40 degrees c, although engorgement was significantly faster between 36 and 40 degrees c. anopheles stephensi ... | 1995 | 8551304 |
| characterization of resistance to organophosphate, carbamate, and pyrethroid insecticides in field populations of aedes aegypti from venezuela. | resistance to the organophosphates (op) temephos, malathion, and pirimiphos methyl, and the carbamate propoxur was found to be low (< 5-fold) in 3 aedes aegypti populations collected from falcon and aragua states of venezuela. resistance to chlorpyrifos (op), permethrin, and lambda-cyhalothrin (pyrethroids) was moderate (7-fold) in both populations. mechanisms of resistance were investigated with the synergists piperonyl butoxide (mixed function oxidase inhibitor) and s, s, s-tributyl phosphorot ... | 1995 | 8551300 |
| isolation of the insecticidal components of tagetes minuta (compositae) against mosquito larvae and adults. | application of tagetes minuta floral extract to silica gel column chromatography produced 2 fractions with the hydrogenate part 20-30 times more toxic to larvae and 12-13 times more toxic to adults of aedes aegypti and anopheles stephensi, respectively, than the oxygenate part. further fractionation by column chromatography of the hydrogenate fraction produced 4 thiophenes, 5-(but-3-ene-1-ynyl)-2,2'-bithiophene, 5-(but-3-ene-1-ynyl)-5'-methyl-2,2'-bithiophene, 2,2',5',2"-terthiophene, and 5-meth ... | 1995 | 8551298 |
| rotundial, a new natural mosquito repellent from the leaves of vitex rotundifolia. | a new natural mosquito repellent was isolated from fresh leaves of vitex rotundifolia. its structure was elucidated by an extensive nmr spectral analysis to be a cyclopentene dialdehyde named rotundial. this compound possessed potent repelling activity against aedes aegypti. | 1995 | 8534996 |
| cloning and expression of a novel toxin gene from bacillus thuringiensis subsp. jegathesan encoding a highly mosquitocidal protein. | a gene, designated cry11b, encoding a 81,293-da crystal protein of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. jegathesan was cloned by using a gene-specific oligonucleotide probe. the sequence of the cry11b protein, as deduced from the sequence of the cry11b gene, contains large regions of similarity with the cry11a toxin (previously cryivd) from b. thuringiensis subsp. israelensis. the cry11b protein was immunologically related to both cry11a and cry4a proteins. the cry11b gene was expressed in a nontoxic s ... | 1995 | 8534090 |
| susceptibility of various mosquitoes of california to subperiodic brugia malayi. | laboratory experiments were conducted to determine the susceptibility of six species of mosquitoes, representing three genera, to subperiodic brugia malayi. the black-eye, liverpool strain of aedes aegypti was the susceptible control. mosquitoes were fed on microfilaremic jirds (meriones unguiculatus). all mosquitoes, except wild caught culex erythrothorax, were laboratory-reared and allowed to feed when 8 to 10 days old. anopheles freeborni, anopheles hermsi, and culiseta inornata proved refrac ... | 1995 | 8533667 |
| glutathion s-transferase activity and ddt-susceptibility of malaysian mosquitos. | comparative ddt-susceptibility status and glutathion s-transferase (gst) activity of malaysian anopheles maculatus, culex quinquefasciatus and aedes aegypti was investigated to ascertain the role of this enzyme in ddt resistance. the standardised who dose-mortality bioassay tests were used to determine ddt susceptibility in these mosquitos, whilst gst microassay (brogdon and barber, 1990) was conducted to measure the activity of this enzyme in mosquito homogenate. it appeared that ddt susceptibi ... | 1995 | 8525405 |
| [single larva sampling for aedes aegypti surveillance]. | buildings in araraquara city, southeastern brazil, were searched during a year for the presence of aedes larvae using single larva sampling in order to check the single-larva methodology. in those breeding places in which aedes larvae were found, one of them was collected. as a control, after the single larva had been collected, all the larvae from the breeding place were collected for later identification. this process was repeated in the laboratory. of the 447 domiciles searched, 12 were consi ... | 1995 | 8525326 |
| public service deficiencies and aedes aegypti breeding sites in venezuela. | the 1992 study reported here assessed relationships between potable water supply and trash collection practices and the prevalence of dengue vector mosquito (aedes aegypti) breeding sites in 30 towns located along the north coast of venezuela. within each study town, 100 homes were chosen. at each of these homes the number of water-bearing containers and containers harboring a. aegypti were determined and interviews were conducted to obtain information about the local water supply, trash collect ... | 1995 | 8520605 |
| search for antifungal, molluscicidal and larvicidal compounds from african medicinal plants. | african medicinal plants provide a rich source of biologically-active natural products. by the use of simple bioassays in conjunction with an approach involving bioactivity guided fractionation, it is possible to isolate novel compounds with interesting properties. several hundred plant extracts have been submitted to different screens, including bioautography on tlc plates with the fungi cladosporium cucumerinum and candida albicans. among the other test systems are a bioassay for molluscicidal ... | 1993 | 8510471 |
| distribution of container-inhabiting aedes larvae (diptera: culicidae) at a dengue focus in thailand. | a thai village with dengue transmission was surveyed for aedes aegypti (l.) and ae. albopictus (skuse) larvae at the end of the rainy season. all containers (1,819) in 186 households were surveyed, recording the presence of larvae, container type, level of water, kind of cover, and location. the number of positive containers was proportional to the total number of containers in a household. standard water jars (approximately 200 liters) contributed 57% and small water jars (< 100 liters) contrib ... | 1993 | 8510120 |
| gorging response of culicine mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) to blood fractions. | although anopheline mosquitoes will ingest plasma without blood cells, culex spp. and aedes spp. require the phagostimulatory effect of blood cells; this effect can be duplicated by the addition of adenine-nucleotides to plasma. because activation of platelets released adp and atp into the plasma, they were suspected as the major source of the phagostimulant. this paper describes quantitatively the role of platelets in ingestion by aedes aegypti (l.) and culex univittatus theobald. we found that ... | 1993 | 8510110 |
| sustainable urban development and human health: septic tank as a major breeding habitat of mosquito vectors of human diseases in south-eastern nigeria. | septic tank mosquitoes in abia state university okigwe, south-eastern nigeria were studied using exit traps between november 1988 and april 1989. the results were revealing and striking. apart from the common septic tank mosquitoes, culex p. quinquefasciatus, cu. cinereus and aedes aegypti, which have been previously commonly found breeding in ammonia and nitrate-rich waters of latrines and septic tanks, the other species, cu. horridus, cu. tigripes and aedes vittatus, have not been commonly rep ... | 1993 | 8508215 |
| arachidonic acid and prostaglandin e2 in malpighian tubules of female yellow fever mosquitoes. | the fatty acid compositions of malpighian tubules from adult females of the mosquito aedes aegypti were determined for total lipids, phospholipids, triacylglycerols and three phospholipid fractions, namely phosphatidylcholine (pc), phosphatidylethanolamine (pe) and phosphatidylinositol/phosphatidylserine (pi/ps). the prostaglandin precursor arachidonic acid (20:4n-6) occurred in total lipids and phospholipids, but not triacylglycerols. within phospholipids, nearly all of the 20:4n-6 was detected ... | 1993 | 8508185 |
| gametogenesis and sporogony of hepatozoon mocassini (apicomplexa: adeleina: hepatozoidae) in an experimental mosquito host, aedes aegypti. | the sexual life cycle of the hemogregarine hepatozoon mocassini was studied in aedes aegypti, an experimental mosquito host, using transmission electron microscopy. gamonts were observed leaving the host snake erythrocyte as early as 30 min after mosquitoes ingested infected blood, and some gamonts had penetrated the gut epithelial cells by this time. six hours post-feeding, gamonts were identified within cells of the abdominal fat body. twenty-four hours post-feeding, gamonts were often entrapp ... | 1993 | 8508167 |
| insecticide susceptibility status of certain populations of aedes aegypti mosquito from rural areas of maharashtra state. | ae. aegypti mosquitoes from rural areas of maharashtra state were subjected to insecticide bio-assays. all the populations showed resistance to ddt at larval and adult stages. no resistance to deltamithrin and malathion was detected at any stage. biochemical analysis of these mosquito populations showed that resistance to ddt was probably due to increase in the kinetics of glutathione s-transferase. | 1993 | 8505082 |
| [the culicidian fauna and its nuisance in kinshasha (zaire)]. | a public health study to inventory bloodsucking mosquitoes was conducted in kinshasa and its regions. 20 culicidian species were represented by 7 anopheles, 6 culex, 5 aedes and 2 mansonia. in general, the number of bites/man/night (b/m/n) was in average 141.5 of cx. quinquefasciatus, 60.1 of cx. antennatus, 21.1 of m. africana, 16.3 of an. gambiae and 7.7 of m. uniformis. the nuisance is different from region to other. culex quinquefasciatus is the most abundant and aggressive species in the ur ... | 1993 | 8504267 |
| growth and development of brugia pahangi larvae under various in vitro conditions. | in vitro culture methods were utilized to investigate specific nutritional requirements of brugia pahangi larvae. infective third-stage larvae (l3) isolated from aedes aegypti (liverpool) mosquitoes were cultured in nctc 135:imdm (ni) medium plus various types of serum under 5% co2/air and 5% co2/n2 atmospheres. larvae grew, developed, and molted to the fourth stage (l4); however, further growth and differentiation beyond the mid-l4 were minimal. serum supplementation was necessary to induce mol ... | 1993 | 8501596 |
| [yellow fever epidemic in the extreme north of cameroon in 1990: first yellow fever virus isolation in cameroon]. | some two years ago, suspicious cases of yellow fever (yf) were reported in northern cameroon. a deadly epidemic broke out during the second half of the rainy season (from 15 september to 22 december 1990) with 180 known cases, of which 125 died. the real figures could have been between 5000 and 20,000 cases with between 500 and 1000 deaths. the affected area was within the yellow fever belt, which is situated around latitude 11 degrees north and 14 degrees east. in this mountainous area (altitud ... | 1993 | 8490979 |
| observations on the breeding habitats of aedes aegypti in calcutta following an episode of dengue haemorrhagic fever. | a year-long (nov. 1990-oct. 1991) search for ae. aegypti larvae was made of all water containers in and around fixed 100 houses at bowbazar area in calcutta following an episode of dhf. out of 10151 containers searched, 615 (6%) were positive. masonry tanks were the major (64.2%) and preferred (17%) breeding sites of ae. aegypti. indoor containers (6.7%) were more conducive to breeding of the vector species than the outdoor ones (3%). breteau index showing wide variation (25 in december '90 to ' ... | 1993 | 8486410 |
| effects of plant flavonoids and other allelochemicals on insect cytochrome p-450 dependent steroid hydroxylase activity. | the plant flavonoids flavone, chrysin, apigenin, kaempferol, morin, quercetin, myricetin and phloretin were found to inhibit in a dose-dependent manner the cytochrome p-450 dependent ecdysone 20-monooxygenase activity associated with adult female aedes aegypti, wandering stage larvae of drosophila melanogaster, and fat body and midgut from prewandering and wandering stage last instar larvae of manduca sexta. the concentrations of these flavonoids required to elicit a 50% inhibition of the steroi ... | 1993 | 8485518 |
| effect of the insect growth regulator methoprene on the ovipositional behavior of aedes aegypti and culex quinquefasciatus. | laboratory and field tests were conducted to determine the attractiveness of the insect growth regulator methoprene to ovipositing mosquitoes when presented at concentrations used in mosquito control programs. laboratory experiments indicated that ovipositing culex quinquefasciatus and aedes aegypti were not attracted to methoprene. in field experiments, culex stigmatosoma and cx. quinquefasciatus larval dip counts in experimental ponds treated with methoprene briquets were not significantly dif ... | 1993 | 8468569 |
| critical review of aedes aegypti control programs in the caribbean and selected neighboring countries. | in recent years the region of the americas has experienced increasing dengue activity with circulation of multiple virus serotypes. associated with this trend has been the occurrence of sporadic dengue hemorrhagic fever (dhf) cases and of dhf epidemics in both the caribbean and latin america. high vector infestation levels persist even though most countries in the caribbean conduct national aedes aegypti control programs and despite the fact that in some instances, expenditures exceed us$5 per c ... | 1993 | 8468568 |
| regulation of epithelial shunt conductance by the peptide leucokinin. | isolated malpighian tubules of the yellow fever mosquito aedes aegypti spontaneously secrete nacl, kcl and water across an epithelium of modest transepithelial resistance (40-80 omega cm2) and high transepithelial voltage (30-70 mv, lumen positive). transepithelial electrochemical potentials indicate that na and k are secreted by active and cl by passive transport mechanisms. the addition of synthetic leucokinin-viii (lk-viii, insect myotropic peptide) to the peritubular bath significantly incre ... | 1993 | 8459448 |
| effects of preblood-meal sugar on sugar seeking and upwind flight by gravid and parous aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae). | sugar seeking and upwind flight of gravid and parous female aedes aegypti (l.) was measured by their attraction to honey in a dual-port airflow olfactometer at selected time intervals after a blood meal. comparisons were made between pre-blood-meal sugar-fed and unfed females. sugar-fed females had greater total energy reserves, mostly because of elevated lipid levels. gravid mosquitoes in both groups showed a strong tendency to fly upwind. this appears to be a pre-ovipositional response. gravid ... | 1993 | 8459411 |
| changes in enzyme titres with age in four geographical strains of aedes aegypti and their association with insecticide resistance. | the enzymes acetylcholinesterase, glutathione s-transferase (gst), glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (g6pd), and general esterases were assayed in four strains of aedes aegypti mosquitoes aged between 1 and 30 days. microtitre plate methods were used to assay activity in the homogenates of individual mosquitoes. the levels of gst and g6pd declined with the age of the mosquitoes, while the activity for the other enzymes remained constant. soluble protein content was also found to decline with mos ... | 1993 | 8435483 |
| lessons of aedes aegypti control in thailand. | the incidence of dengue haemorrhagic fever (dhf) in thailand has increased cyclically since the first recognized outbreak in 1958. without an effective vaccine against dengue, and considering the clinical difficulty of treating dhf cases, vector control is needed to prevent dengue transmission. since the establishment of the who aedes research unit in 1964, continued since 1973 as the who collaborating centre at the department of medical research in bangkok, much operational research has been ca ... | 1993 | 8435481 |
| detection of multiple blood feeding in aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) during a single gonotrophic cycle using a histologic technique. | we evaluated a histologic technique for its usefulness in detecting multiple blood feeding by aedes aegypti (l.) in a single gonotrophic cycle. to standardize the procedure, we carried out a laboratory study in which 166 mosquitoes imbibed two blood meals at known intervals. eighty percent (78/98) of the multiple meals were detected when the interval between meals was from 1 to < to = 24 h and the time from the second meal to fixation ranged from 0 to 12 hr. at intervals outside this range, only ... | 1993 | 8433350 |
| structure, expression, and hormonal control of genes from the mosquito, aedes aegypti, which encode proteins similar to the vitelline membrane proteins of drosophila melanogaster. | genomic and cdna clones of a gene expressed after a blood meal in the mosquito, aedes aegypti, were identified as having significant similarity to the vitelline membrane protein genes of drosophila melanogaster. the predicted protein had unusually high contents of alanine, histidine, and proline and contained a region of hydrophobic amino acids that was highly conserved in the predicted protein of the d. melanogaster vitelline membrane protein genes. the 15a gene was expressed from 5 to 40 hr af ... | 1993 | 8432405 |
| pgs28 belongs to a family of epidermal growth factor-like antigens that are targets of malaria transmission-blocking antibodies. | although pgs28, a 28-kd surface protein of plasmodium gallinaceum oökinetes, was previously thought not to be a target of transmission-blocking antibodies, we found that polyclonal antisera to pgs28 completely blocked parasite infectivity to aedes aegypti mosquitoes. antisera raised against reduced pgs28 were less effective in blocking transmission than were antisera to nonreduced pgs28; thus, the target epitope(s) of transmission-blocking antibodies appears to be conformation dependent. in stag ... | 1993 | 8426118 |
| genetic determinants of host ranges of bacillus sphaericus mosquito larvicidal toxins. | the 51.4-kda-41.9-kda binary toxin produced by different strains of bacillus sphaericus shows differential activity toward culex quinquefasciatus, aedes atropalpus, and aedes aegypti mosquito larvae. the patterns of larvicidal activity toward all three mosquito species and growth retardation in a. aegypti have been shown to be due to the 41.9-kda protein. by using mutant toxins expressed in escherichia coli, insecticidal activity and growth retardation correlated with amino acids centered around ... | 1993 | 8419297 |
| dengue in gujarat state, india during 1988 & 1989. | following the reports of epidemics of febrile illness from several rural and urban areas of gujarat state (india) in 1988, epidemiological investigations were carried out and dengue (den) virus activity was demonstrated in large cities such as surat and rajkot as well as several villages in sabarkantha district. two strains of dengue type-2 each were isolated from human sera from surat city and a village in sabarkantha district. six strains of dengue virus were isolated from aedes aegypti mosqui ... | 1993 | 8406637 |
| vapour toxicity & repellence of some essential oils & terpenoids to adults of aedes aegypti (l) (diptera: culicidae). | bioefficacy of commercially used synthetic insecticides/repellents and potential of selected essential oils and terpenoids were assessed against mosquitoes. essential oils and terpenoids, were vapourised in commercially manufactured mosquito repellent electronic assemblies and effects of such vapours were tested on 6-7 days old adult female aedes aegypti. commercially available 'mats' (coir rectangles) impregnated with allethrin were used as standards for comparison of kt50 and kt90 values. fast ... | 1993 | 8406635 |
| effects on toxicity of eliminating a cleavage site in a predicted interhelical loop in bacillus thuringiensis cryivb delta-endotoxin. | when activated by treatment with mosquito (aedes aegypti) gut extract, the bacillus thuringiensis cryivb delta-endotoxin lysed a. aegypti cells in vitro. sds-page and n-terminal sequence determination showed that in addition to removal of the c-terminal half of the molecule, the activated toxin had undergone proteolytic cleavage at two internal regions producing 47-48-kda and 16-18-kda polypeptides. aligning the cryivb protein sequence with the crystallographic structure of the cryiiia toxin sug ... | 1993 | 8405934 |
| insecticide susceptibility status of anopheles stephensi, culex quinquefasciatus and aedes aegypti in panaji, goa. | adult and larval insecticidal tests conducted in panaji, goa, revealed that adults of an. stephensi were resistant to ddt (4.0%), dieldrin (0.4%) and malathion (5.0%). the larvae of an. stephensi were also resistant to ddt (2.5 mg/l) and malathion (3.125 mg/l). cx. quinquefasciatus adults were resistant to ddt, dieldrin, malathion and fenitrothion (1.0%), and larvae were highly resistant to ddt but showed low resistance to malathion and fenitrothion (0.125 mg/i). adults of ae. aegypti were resis ... | 1993 | 8405597 |
| cloning and sequencing of the cyclodiene insecticide resistance gene from the yellow fever mosquito aedes aegypti. conservation of the gene and resistance associated mutation with drosophila. | in order to examine the conservation of the mechanism of cyclodiene insecticide resistance between species we cloned a cdna from the yellow fever mosquito aedes aegypti homologous to the resistance gene rdl in drosophila. in d. melanogaster, resistance to cyclodienes and picrotoxinin is caused by a single amino acid substitution (alanine to serine) in the putative channel lining of a gamma-aminobutyic acid gated chloride ion channel. we report that the mosquito gene not only shows high homology ... | 1993 | 8391473 |
| experimental infection of aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) by the oral route with sindbis virus. | the infectivity, dissemination, and transmissibility of wild-type sindbis (sin) virus were studied in aedes aegypti (l). there was an initial decline in the viral titer of whole mosquitoes for 3 d after ingestion of virus, followed by a gradual increase to a maximal level by day 6. immunoperoxidase staining of ae. aegypti for viral antigen showed infection of midgut epithelial cells on day 1, of the fat body by day 3, and of the brain by day 4. by day 5, there was infection of the foregut, hindg ... | 1993 | 8384663 |
| phototoxicity of (1h-indenyl)thiophenes. | the (1h-indenyl)thiophene derivatives 2 and 3 were recently reported to be excellent singlet oxygen sensitizers, comparable to alpha-terthienyl (1). the phototoxicity of these compounds was compared, using human erythrocytes, aedes aegypti mosquito larvae, daphnia magna, and fish (fathead minnows, pimephales promelas). the known ranking of the photooxidation properties was found to be a good predictor of phototoxic properties in erythrocytes and mosquito larvae but not in daphnias. all three com ... | 1993 | 8378432 |
| temperature-induced refractoriness of aedes aegypti mosquitoes to infection with the filaria brugia pahangi. | 1993 | 8369568 | |
| three simple devices for preventing development of aedes aegypti larvae in water jars. | we developed three types of covers that are easily fabricated from plastic screen locally manufactured in thailand. the covers were designed to permit normal use of water jars for drinking, utility water uses, and water storage. tests of the covers in the laboratory and field demonstrated that they could completely prevent successful development of aedes aegypti (l.) in water jars. initial experience in a village setting demonstrated that these devices were readily manufactured and used in a com ... | 1993 | 8357077 |
| [a study on transmission of dengue virus by culex fatigans]. | patients with acute dengue fever within 2 days of onset were simultaneously bitten by culex fatigans, aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus, which were fed and incubated in the laboratory. isolation and quantitative assay of dengue virus and transmission experiment were conducted on specimens collected from 3 kinds of mosquitoes at different time. the result showed a positive rate of 5.13% (2/39) and an average viral titer of 2.41 logtcid50, for culex fatigans, which indicates that culex fatigans m ... | 1993 | 8353818 |
| mass spectrometry and characterization of aedes aegypti trypsin modulating oostatic factor (tmof) and its analogs. | trypsin modulating oostatic factor (tmof), a decapeptide that directly inhibits the biosynthesis of trypsin- and chymotrypsin-like enzymes in epithelial cells of mosquito midgut and indirectly inhibits vitellogenesis in anautogenous females, has been sequenced by fourier transform mass spectrometry analysis. the peptide has a primary amino acid sequence of nh2-tyr-asp-pro-ala-(pro)6-cooh and probably exhibits left-handed helical conformation as was shown by computer stereoview simulation. the fa ... | 1993 | 8353526 |
| aedes aegypti in new jersey. | 1993 | 8350084 | |
| identification of blood meals in aedes aegypti by antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | a comparative study of 3 elisa protocols was performed for host blood meal identification in aedes aegypti. in the sandwich-b elisa, which used a combination of heavy and heavy+light chain conjugates, specificity was improved to such a degree that conjugates no longer required cross-adsorption with heterologous sera. using the sandwich-b assay, human blood meals in laboratory reared ae. aegypti could be detected longer after feeding (100% at 32 h and 80% at 42 h) than with a direct assay (100% a ... | 1993 | 8350077 |
| unreliable supply of potable water and elevated aedes aegypti larval indices: a causal relationship? | we investigated the hypothesis that a deficient supply of piped water was causing a high prevalence of water storage containers, which in turn, become important aquatic habitats of aedes aegypti in a small town in venezuela. the house (71.2%) and breteau indices (229) were considerably elevated. prevalent positive containers were: metal drums, small disposable containers (bottles, tins, etc.), tires, house plants (flowers in vases and plants in pots with earth) and tanks. most people reported fr ... | 1993 | 8350076 |
| genetic maps of the sheep blowfly lucilia cuprina: linkage-group correlations with other dipteran genera. | linkage data and revised genetic maps for 72 autosomal loci in lucilia cuprina are presented. comparison of the linkage relationships of biochemically and morphologically similar mutations in ceratitis capitata, drosophila melanogaster, and musca domestica supports the hypothesis that the major linkage elements have survived relatively intact during evolution of the higher diptera. the relationship of the linkage groups of the mosquito aedes aegypti to these species is less clear. | 1993 | 8349126 |
| heterogeneity in patterns of malarial oocyst infections in the mosquito vector. | oocyst prevalence and intensity have been recorded in 349 laboratory infections of anopheles stephensi with plasmodium berghei. intensity and prevalence of infection are shown to be predictably related. the structure and heterogeneity in the infections has been analysed with the objective of describing the biological mechanisms by which the observed negative binomial oocyst distributions are generated. the analysis has revealed that the most likely processes lie within the population dynamic eve ... | 1993 | 8341579 |
| [the effect of water temperature on the action of bacterial insecticides against mosquito larvae]. | the ld50 logarithm of bacillus thuringiensis and b. sphaericus toxins effects on the larvae of aedes aegypti and culex pipiens is in inverse correlation with the water temperature. the influence of the temperature on the toxins effect on c. pipiens larvae is higher than that for a. aegypti larvae. similarly, b. sphaericus toxin effect depends on the water temperature to a greater measure than that of b. thuringiensis toxin. the authors predict a high efficacy of b. sphaericus-based insecticides ... | 1993 | 8336659 |
| stable transformation of mosquito cell lines using a hsp70::neo fusion gene. | mosquito cell culture transfection will allow the advancement of genetic studies of these important disease-transmitting insects. towards this end, we report the generation of stably transformed aedes aegypti mos20 cells using a plasmid construct containing the tn5 neo gene, the drosophila melanogaster hsp70 promoter, an sv40 intron and poly adenylation sequence, and a pbr 322 backbone. the apparent frequency of transfection, as measured by transient resistance of cell colonies to geneticin (g41 ... | 1993 | 8293995 |
| on the transmissibility of eperythrozoon suis by stomoxys calcitrans and aedes aegypti. | the stable fly, stomoxys calcitrans (linnaeus), and the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti (linnaeus), were utilized to determine their capability to transmit eperythrozoon suis splitter between swine. three groups of each insect in each trial were allowed to feed on a pig previously infected with e. suis and then transferred to susceptible splenectomized pigs. as a control, one group of each insect was fed on a non-infected pig and then transferred to a susceptible pig. stable flies were tran ... | 1993 | 8291187 |
| role of the cryivd polypeptide in the overall toxicity of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis. | the gene encoding the cryivd protein of b. thuringiensis subsp. israelensis crystals was disrupted by in vivo recombination. the toxicity of the cryivd protein-free inclusions was similar to that of the wild-type crystals on anopheles stephensi larvae but was half the wild-type toxicity on culex pipiens and aedes aegypti larvae. | 1993 | 8285695 |
| [outbreak of classical fever of dengue caused by serotype 2 in araguaiana, tocantins, brazil]. | we report the first outbreak of dengue fever caused by dengue 2 (den 2) in araguaina, tocantins state. four hundred people of 74 families, living at s. joão, araguaina sul and neblina districts were questioned and then bled, in order to obtain sera to test for anti-dengue antibodies. if a person was sick, a small quantity of blood was collected for virus isolation. the main clinical picture of disease was characterized by fever, headache, myalgias, arthralgias and skin rash. were obtained 1,105 ... | 1993 | 8284598 |
| sialokinin i and ii: vasodilatory tachykinins from the yellow fever mosquito aedes aegypti. | the saliva of the mosquito aedes aegypti has previously been reported to contain a 1400-da peptide with pharmacological properties typical of a tachykinin. in the present study this vasodilator has been purified to homogeneity and found to consist of two peptides: sialokinin i, with the sequence asn-thr-gly-asp-lys-phe-tyr-gly-leu-met-nh2, and sialokinin ii, identical to sialokinin i except for an asp in position 1. these peptides are present in amounts of 0.62 and 0.16 pmol (711 and 178 ng), re ... | 1994 | 8278354 |
| dynamic life table model for aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae): simulation results and validation. | the container-inhabiting mosquito simulation model (cimsim) is a weather-driven, dynamic life table simulation model of aedes aegypti (l.) and similar nondiapausing aedes mosquitoes that inhabit artificial and natural containers. this paper presents a validation of cimsim simulating ae. aegypti using several independent series of data that were not used in model development. validation data sets include laboratory work designed to elucidate the role of diet on fecundity and rates of larval devel ... | 1993 | 8271243 |
| dynamic life table model for aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae): analysis of the literature and model development. | the container-inhabiting mosquito simulation model (cimsim) is a weather-driven, dynamic life table simulation model of aedes aegypti (l.). it is designed to provide a framework for related models of similar mosquitoes which inhibit artificial and natural containers. cimsim is an attempt to provide a mechanistic, comprehensive, and dynamic accounting of the multitude of relationships known to play a role in the life history of these mosquitoes. development rates of eggs, larvae, pupae, and the g ... | 1993 | 8271242 |
| codon preference of aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus. | the codon bias of two aedes mosquito species was examined using a sign test. in general, there appeared to be some preference for c + g at the third base position, although this was not statistically significant. while amino acids such as phenylalanine and tyrosine clearly displayed biases, others such as valine and serine appeared to have little or no bias for any particular codon. three homologous genes of aedes aegypti and drosophila melanogaster were compared using the chi-square test and th ... | 1993 | 8269097 |
| codon usage patterns in chromosomal and retrotransposon genes of the mosquito anopheles gambiae. | codon usage was compiled for fourteen chromosomal genes and four retrotransposons from the mosquito anopheles gambiae. variation exists among chromosomal genes in the degree of bias. the genes showing the highest bias are probably most highly expressed. in these genes, the base composition at the third codon position is much richer in g + c than is the overall coding sequence. thus, codon usage is biased toward g- or c-ending codons. codon usage in each retrotransposon is quite different, not on ... | 1993 | 8269095 |
| seasonal abundance of dengue vectors in manila, republic of the philippines. | the dengue vectors aedes aegypti and ae. albopictus were surveyed within the city of manila from august 1985 to july 1987. survey techniques included ovitraps, indoor resting collections, fay traps, and larval surveys. aedes aegypti was the principal container breeder within the residential areas, while ae. albopictus predominated in cemeteries. the ovitrap was very effective in detecting the presence of ae. aegypti, but not in measuring population changes during the year. indoor resting and fay ... | 1993 | 8266245 |
| the gonotrophic status and diel pattern of entry to outdoor oviposition sites of female aedes aegypti (l.) (diptera: culicidae). | experimental observations, made outdoors during the dry and wet seasons in trinidad, confirm earlier findings regarding the diel pattern of entry to ovitraps and oviposition there and the taking of more than one bloodmeal during a single gonotrophic cycle. for 6-h but not for 6-h exposure periods, significantly more eggs were laid in the morning peak during the dry season than during the wet season. at the study site females were encountered singly, and only in ovitraps that contained eggs. with ... | 1993 | 8257237 |
| laboratory demonstration of oviposition by aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) in covered water jars. | in thailand, ceramic jars (135-200 liters) covered by aluminum lids commonly are used to store water for household use. in laboratory cages, gravid female aedes aegypti (l.) were able to enter and oviposit in a covered water jar. although the aluminum lid was not a complete barrier to gravid females, it reduced the number of eggs oviposited by 77%. a vertically oriented foam rubber ring which was compressed between the lip of the jar and the flange of the lid effectively sealed the jar against o ... | 1993 | 8254646 |
| blood-feeding patterns of aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) collected in a rural thai village. | aedes aegypti (l.) were collected by aspiration once each week from in and around houses in a rural village in chachoengsao province. thailand, during may 1990 to june 1991. of the 1,230 specimens analyzed with a sandwich elisa, 73% reacted to one or more of the seven hosts which we tested. eighty-eight percent (789/896) of all detectable meals were identified as being from a single host (human). patent multiple meals (double and triple), of which one was always human, were detected in 7% (66/89 ... | 1993 | 8254642 |
| distribution, abundance and bionomics of aedes albopictus in southern texas. | a survey was conducted for aedes albopictus in southern texas during the summer of 1992. thirty-five new country records were added to the distribution of this imported mosquito in texas. aedes albopictus was widely distributed throughout the ecological regions in the survey area, but its abundance decreased in counties adjacent to the rio grande river. however, these counties had high densities of aedes aegypti. | 1993 | 8245952 |
| oviposition response of aedes aegypti mosquitoes to different concentrations of hay infusion in trinidad, west indies. | ovitraps containing various concentrations of hay infusion and tap water were exposed weekly in the field for 15 wk to determine the oviposition patterns of aedes aegypti. the results showed 10, 20, 60 and 80% hay infusions each attracted similar numbers of ae. aegypti eggs oviposited and egg occurrences. no repellent effect was observed. in another field study, significantly more eggs and egg occurrences were collected from 25 and 50% hay infusions and tap water. the differences in these result ... | 1993 | 8245947 |
| comparison of sampling efficacy of sweeping and dipping for aedes aegypti larvae in tires. | a sweep net with a flexible plastic frame was compared to a dipper for sampling efficacy for aedes aegypti larvae in different-sized tires. when known numbers of mosquito larvae were introduced into tires, from 2 to 6.8 times more larvae were recovered by sweeping than by dipping. sediment in the tires significantly reduced the recovery of larvae by both methods. sampling efficacy was affected by water level and tire size. in relation to dipping, sweeping showed less variation in percentage reco ... | 1993 | 8245942 |
| insect blood meal studies using radiosodium 24na and 22na. | rabbits were infused with 3.7 gbq (100 mci) of [24na]na ion in a 100-ml sodium carbonate solution. beta particles were detected using a tennelec counting system; background counts were 1.6 +/- 1 counts per minute (cpm). counts for one nanoliter of blood ranged from 22 to 30 cpm. blood volumes on the mouthparts of tabanids following a 15-sec interrupted feeding were estimated to be 12.5 nl for tabanus fuscicostatus, 10.8 nl for t. nigrovittatus and 6.12 nl for chrysops fuliginosus. estimates of t ... | 1993 | 8245935 |
| effect of a community-based aedes aegypti control programme on mosquito larval production sites in el progreso, honduras. | this paper describes the results of a trial to assess the efficacy in reducing the density of larval production sites of utilizing community involvement in the planning and implementation of an aedes aegypti control programme, in a dengue-endemic city in honduras. in addition to a substantial increase in knowledge about dengue transmission and prevention, a relative reduction in ae. aegypti larval infestation indices was found in those city neighbourhoods where community involvement was utilized ... | 1993 | 8236387 |
| effect of ivermectin on two filaria-vector pairs. brugia malayi-aedes aegypti; litomosoides sigmodontis-bdellonyssus bacoti. | the effect of ivermectin was studied on two filaria-vector pairs, brugia malayi-aedes aegypti and litomosoides sigmodontis-bdellonyssus bacoti. the rodent hosts, respectively mastomys coucha and meriones unguiculatus, were treated with ivermectin doses of 0.05 mg/kg, or 0.2 mg/kg or 2 mg/kg. batches of vectors were fed on rodents, infected or not, treated or not, from h7 to d43 post-ivermectin. vector survival was observed and dissections were performed to study the filarial development. it appe ... | 1993 | 8215116 |
| a parvo-like virus persistently infecting a c6/36 clone of aedes albopictus mosquito cell line and pathogenic for aedes aegypti larvae. | we have isolated and partially characterized from an apparently healthy c6/36 subclone of aedes albopictus cell line a small icosahedral non-enveloped dna virus, designated aapv. this virus proved to be highly pathogenic for aedes aegypti neonate larvae. viral infection persisted for over 4 years in the cell culture without any cytopathic effect. attempts to infect suckling mice, drosophila melanogaster adults and spodoptera littoralis larvae with aapv were unsuccessful. similarly, the aapv fail ... | 1993 | 8212862 |
| [aedes (stegomyia) aegypti l. and associated culicidae fauna in a urban area of southern brazil]. | some aspects of the ecology of eleven species of culicidae that were found breeding in recipients in an urban area of southern brazil are presented. a great variety of recipients were listed as efficient breeding sites. apparently aedes aegypti has been recently introduced into the region and was limited to two areas of the city. culex quinquefasciatus, cx. coronator, ae. aegypti, ae. fluviatilis e limatus durhamii were the predominant species. | 1993 | 8209165 |
| [comparative study of larval and ovitrap efficacy for surveillance of dengue and yellow fever vectors]. | a comparative study of the efficiency of ovitraps and larval-traps was undertaken with a view to improving the entomological survey of vectors of dengue and yellow fever-aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus-in s. paulo state, brazil. the region studied is infected only by aedes albopictus, a species that keeps to wild habitats but colonizes artificial breeding grounds as well. the first part of the study was located in a periurban area of tremembé county were 3 hollon trees, 23 ovitraps and 5 larv ... | 1993 | 8209154 |
| de novo biosynthesis of juvenile hormone iii and i by the accessory glands of the male mosquito. | the role of the male accessory glands (mag) in reproduction was investigated in the mosquito aedes aegypti. mag incubated with [14c]acetate synthesized radioactively labeled jh iii, jh iii bisepoxide and methyl farnesoate. mag incubated with l-[methyl-3h]methionine synthesized [3h]jh iii and a molecule that chromatographed on hplc with jh i. analysis of mag and whole males extract by glass capillary combined gas-chromatography-selected ion monitoring mass spectrometry identified jh iii and i as ... | 1994 | 8205141 |
| cold acclimation, diapause, and geographic origin affect cold hardiness in eggs of aedes albopictus (diptera: culicidae). | eggs of five strains of aedes albopictus (skuse) were obtained in both diapause and nondiapause conditions and exposed to various cold acclimation regimes in the laboratory, after which they were subjected to diverse chilling treatments. larvae that survived chilling as eggs survived to the pupal stage. eggs of aedes aegypti (l.) and aedes triseriatus (say) were included as control species. eggs of temperate ae. albopictus were more cold-hardy than eggs of ae. aegypti but less cold-hardy than th ... | 1994 | 8189409 |
| complete nucleotide sequence and genomic organization of the aedes albopictus parvovirus (aapv) pathogenic for aedes aegypti larvae. | we have cloned the replicative form of the aedes albopictus parvovirus (aapv) genome and determined the complete sequence of the viral strand. the sequence is 4176 nucleotides (nt) in length. the first 134 nt at the 3' end and the terminal 182 nt at the 5' end of the viral (minus) strand can both generate by folding and annealing of complementary sequences a typical terminal t-shaped structure although they differ in their sequence. three large open reading frames (orfs), each one in a different ... | 1994 | 8178459 |
| the design of a community-based health education intervention for the control of aedes aegypti. | this report describes the process used to develop locally appropriate educational materials and to implement the education component of a community-based aedes aegypti control program in merida, yucatan, mexico. the process is broken into five stages: formative research, developing recommendations for behavior change, development of educational messages, development and production of educational materials, and distribution of the materials. appropriate terminology and taxonomies for dengue were ... | 1994 | 8166346 |
| plasmodium gallinaceum: differential lysis of two developmental stages of malaria sporozoites by the alternative pathway of complement. | during sporogonic development of plasmodium gallinaceum in the mosquito vector, two developmentally distinct sporozoite stages can be isolated. sporozoites obtained from oocysts in abdomens of mosquitoes 10 days after an infective blood meal are poorly infectious to the vertebrate host (chicken); days later, sporozoites isolated from mosquito salivary glands are highly infectious. in a first step toward understanding the physiologic basis of this developmentally regulated infectivity to the vert ... | 1994 | 8162961 |
| polymerase chain reaction diagnostic for cyclodiene insecticide resistance in the mosquito aedes aegypti. | 1994 | 8161855 | |
| analysis of mosquito vitellogenin cdna. similarity with vertebrate phosvitins and arthropod serum proteins. | the cdna coding for vitellogenin of the mosquito aedes aegypti was cloned and sequenced. an immunological analysis of expressed deletions from the 5'-end of the vitellogenin cdna clones using vitellogenin subunit-specific antibodies showed that the small vitellogenin subunit is located at the n terminus and the large one at the carboxy-portion of the pre-provitellogenin. the position of the cleavage between the vitellogenin subunits in the pre-provitellogenin was identified by locating the n ter ... | 1994 | 8158643 |
| control of larval aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) by cyclopoid copepods in peridomestic breeding containers. | mesocyclops longisetus (thiébaud), mesocyclops thermocyclopoides harada, mesocyclops venezolanus dussart, and macrocyclops albidus (jurine) were tested for their effectiveness in controlling aedes aegypti (l.) larvae in a variety of containers around homes in el progreso, honduras. all four cyclopoid species killed > 20 larvae per cyclopoid per d under container conditions. m. longisetus was most effective, not only because it was the most voracious predator, but also because it survived best in ... | 1994 | 8158627 |
| larval diet, adult size, and susceptibility of aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) to infection with ross river virus. | the relationship of larval nutrition and adult body size to the susceptibility of aedes aegypti (l.) to ross river virus infection was examined. large adult mosquitoes produced by feeding larvae a high-level diet consumed significantly more virus particles than did smaller mosquitoes. however, when a correction for body size was made, smaller mosquitoes were found to consume significantly more virus per unit of body weight. a host viremia of 2.4 log10 pfu/ml failed to infect mosquitoes of any si ... | 1994 | 8158614 |
| dengue: the risk to developed and developing countries. | dengue viruses are members of the flaviviridae, transmitted principally in a cycle involving humans and mosquito vectors. in the last 20 years the incidence of dengue fever epidemics has increased and hyperendemic transmission has been established over a geographically expanding area. a severe form, dengue hemorrhagic fever (dhf), is an immunopathologic disease occurring in persons who experience sequential dengue infections. the risk of sequential infections, and consequently the incidence of d ... | 1994 | 8146129 |
| effects of the insect growth regulators oms 2017 and diflubenzuron on the reproductive potential of aedes aegypti. | the effects of 2 benzoylphenylurea insect growth regulators, oms 2017 and diflubenzuron, on 4th instar larvae of aedes aegypti were investigated in the laboratory. apart from delayed lethal action, possible effects on the reproductive potential were also studied. a baseline concentration of each compound causing 30% emergence inhibition was determined. at this concentration, oms 2017 affected fecundity of the mosquito but diflubenzuron did not. the fertility of females that survived oms 2017 exp ... | 1993 | 8126477 |
| cultured aedes albopictus mosquito cells synthesize hormone-inducible proteins. | to provide a framework for biochemical investigation of ecdysteroid action in aedes albopictus mosquito cells, we examined the effect of 20-hydroxyecdysone on cell growth and morphology, synthesis of inducible proteins (eips), and expression of a transfected gene regulated by a synthetic ecdysteroid response element. when cells were cultured in the continuous presence of 10(-6) m 20-hydroxyecdysone, the rate of growth decreased and subtle changes in cell morphology were observed. in both aedes a ... | 1993 | 8118617 |
| dengue in the south-eastern region of brazil: historical analysis and epidemiology. | the aim of the study is an historical analysis of the work undertaken by the public health organizations dedicated to the combat of the aedes aegypti, as well as an epidemiological study of persons with unexplained fever, with a view to evaluating the occurrence of dengue within the population. the mac-elisa, gac-elisa, hemagglutination inhibition, isolation and typage tests were used. organophosphate intoxication in agricultural workers was also assessed by measuring concentrations of seric cho ... | 1993 | 8115829 |
| intracellular development of subperiodic brugia malayi influenced by mosquito thoracic muscle cells. | the in vitro development of 1-day-old intracellularly lodged larvae of brugia malayi cultured in infected excised thoraces of selected susceptible and refractory strains of aedes aegypti and anopheles quadrimaculatus was compared with larvae reared in vivo. in susceptible mosquitoes, both in vitro and in vivo, larvae developed normally and abnormally. in refractory mosquitoes this pattern of both normal and abnormal development was also observed, except that comparatively fewer larvae developed ... | 1993 | 8105000 |
| variation of larval susceptibility to lagenidium giganteum in three mosquito species. | a significantly greater number of lagenidium giganteum zoospores were found encysting on the dorsal thoracic surface of anopheles gambiae larvae than on the larvae of aedes aegypti and culex pipiens. however, germ tube penetration in the cuticle of a. gambiae provoked an intense and diffuse melanization which encapsulated the fungus and protected 56% from death. although a small number of zoospores attach to and penetrate the cuticular surface of a. aegypti and c. pipiens approximately 99% of bo ... | 1993 | 8104999 |
| linkage map for aedes aegypti using restriction fragment length polymorphisms. | we report construction of a genetic linkage map for the mosquito, aedes aegypti, based on restriction fragment length polymorphisms (rflps). the map consists of 50 dna markers that identify 53 loci covering 134 map units across three linkage groups. determination of linkage associations between rflp markers and several mutant marker loci allowed for partial integration of the rflp markers with an existing classical genetic linkage map for a. aegypti. the rflp markers include 42 random cdna clone ... | 1993 | 8101854 |
| effect of temperature on toxicity of two bioinsecticides spherix (bacillus sphaericus) and bactoculicide (bacillus thuringiensis) against larvae of four vector mosquitoes. | two bioinsecticide preparations, viz. spherix (bacillus sphaericus) and bactoculicide (bacillus thuringiensis h-14), were tested in the laboratory against larvae of anopheles culicifacies, anopheles stephensi, culex quinquefasciatus and aedes aegypti at different temperatures. the lcs50 of spherix against iii instar larvae of these species at 27 +/- 2 degrees c were 2.0, 0.19, 0.05 and > 40 mg/litre, respectively and those of bactoculicide were 0.32, 0.16, 0.06 and 0.03 mg/litre, respectively. t ... | 1993 | 8100540 |
| differential particle uptake by larvae of three mosquito species (diptera: culicidae). | second and fourth instars of culex quinquefasciatus say and aedes aegypti (l.) and fourth instars of culiseta morsitans (theobald) were fed five size classes of latex particles ranging from 0.56 to 5.75 microns. each experimental run was done on two size classes of particles mixed in different proportions of 10:90, 50:50, and 90:10. both the gut contents and the food mixtures were analyzed by flow cytometry, and the particle percentage composition was determined. the null hypothesis that no part ... | 1993 | 8099623 |
| insecticide toxicity, glutathione transferases and carboxylesterase activities in the larva of the aedes mosquito. | 1. toxicity evaluations of ddt, lindane, abate and carbaryl were carried out in the larvae of two wild aedes aegypti strains from kuala lumpur and klang. the kuala lumpur strain was more susceptible to the insecticides than the klang strain. 2. the lethal toxicity time was also determined. the insecticides were found to take a longer time to exert their effect in the klang strain as compared to the kuala lumpur strain. 3. carboxylesterase activity was determined to be higher in the kuala lumpur ... | 1993 | 8097444 |
| cytotoxicity and adp-ribosylating activity of the mosquitocidal toxin from bacillus sphaericus ssii-1: possible roles of the 27- and 70-kilodalton peptides. | clones expressing regions of the 100-kda bacillus sphaericus ssii-1 mosquitocidal toxin (mtx) as fusion proteins with glutathione s-transferase were constructed, and the toxin-derived peptides were purified. the in vitro adp-ribosylation activities of these peptides and their effects on larvae and cells in culture were studied. mtx25 (amino acids 30 to 493) was found to adp-ribosylate two proteins with molecular masses of 38 and 42 kda, respectively, in culex quinquefasciatus (g7) cell extracts, ... | 1993 | 8096838 |