Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| [dengue in panama, 1993]. | up to 1993, panama was the only country in central america where the autochthonous transmission of dengue virus had been detected without experimenting an explosive epidemic despite being reinfected with the aedes aegypti mosquito since 1985. the characteristics of this first outbreak reported on november 19, 1993, are described in this paper. it is shown that even when there is a program for the surveillance and control of dengue, which considers low levels of aedes aegypti infection and a syst ... | 1997 | 9685969 |
| re-emergence of yellow fever in senegal in 1995. | an outbreak of yellow fever (yf) occurred in the central part of senegal during october 1995. thirty-one probable cases were detected and 79 cases were confirmed either by igm elisa or by virus isolation (30 strains isolated). the case fatality rate was 18.9%. incidence of the infection was evaluated by a serosurvey in the area. males 10-29 years old belonging to the peul ethnic group were more affected. moreover, 28 yf virus strains were isolated from mosquitoes and larvae pools and vertical tr ... | 1998 | 9684637 |
| field evaluation of cyfluthrin and malathion 96 tg ulv spraying at high-rise flats on dengue vectors in malaysia. | cyfluthrin (solfac ulo15) and malathion 96 tg were evaluated against sentinel sugar-fed adults and 4th-instar larvae of aedes aegypti at high-rise flats in malaysia by ulv spraying. the impact of both insecticides on field populations of aedes spp. (ae. aegypti and ae. albopictus) larvae were monitored weekly using containers. both cyfluthrin and malathion 96 tg showed adulticidal effects but cyfluthrin showed more significant larvicidal effect than malathion 96 tg (p < 0.05). | 1998 | 9673932 |
| toxicity of a phenyl pyrazole insecticide, fipronil, to mosquito and chironomid midge larvae in the laboratory. | toxicity of a phenyl pyrazole insecticide, fipronil, to 4th-instar larvae of 6 species of colonized mosquitoes (aedes aegypti, ae. albopictus, ae. taeniorhynchus, anopheles quadrimaculatus, culex nigripalpus, and cx. quinquefasciatus) and 2 species of field-collected chironomid midges (chironomus crassicaudatus and glyptotendipes paripes) was evaluated in the laboratory. all mosquito species were highly susceptible with 48-h median lethal concentration (lc50) values ranging from 0.00043 ppm (ae. ... | 1998 | 9673927 |
| effect of skin abrasions on the efficacy of the repellent deet against aedes aegypti. | abrasion of repellent-treated human skin affected the efficacy of a sustained-release insect repellent containing n,n-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide (deet) against bites of aedes aegypti. skin treated with repellent when abraded up to 30 times showed significantly lower protection than unabraded skin against mosquito bites for 10 h. the mean value of the kinetic coefficient of friction during skin abrasion by clothing (battle dress uniform fabric) for repellent-treated skin (0.159 +/- 0.003) was sign ... | 1998 | 9673919 |
| north carolina mosquito records. i. uncommon aedes and anopheles (diptera: culicidae). | new distribution records are provided for 10 mosquito species that are rare or uncommon in north carolina: aedes aegypti, ae. cinereus, ae. dupreei, ae. fulvus pallens, ae. hendersoni, ae. mitchellae, ae. thibaulti, ae. tormentor, ae. trivittatus, and anopheles atropos. biological notes are provided for habitats, behavior, and, in some cases, color patterns. comments are also made about 6 additional species that are rare or uncommon in north carolina. | 1998 | 9673917 |
| effect of female size on fecundity and survivorship of aedes aegypti fed only human blood versus human blood plus sugar. | we determined whether size, an indirect measure of teneral energy reserves, modifies the fitness advantage (sigma survival x egg production/female/day) conferred to female aedes aegypti (l.) maintained on human blood over cohorts fed human blood plus sugar. different sized females were obtained by rearing them at different larval densities and with different amounts of food per larva. each female in 4 treatment groups of 23 mosquitoes each was maintained in a separate cage. a 10% sucrose solutio ... | 1998 | 9673914 |
| a comparison of surveillance systems for the dengue vector aedes aegypti in port of spain, trinidad. | when the currently used larval surveillance system (visual inspection) for the dengue vector aedes aegypti was compared with the surveillance for the presence of eggs by ovitrapping in port of spain, trinidad, it was found that the latter (39.1%) was significantly more sensitive than the visual inspection system (10.1%). at the same time, the presence of the nuisance mosquito culex quinquefasciatus was detected in 38.4% of the households. both ae. aegypti and cx. quinquefasciatus showed preferen ... | 1998 | 9673912 |
| dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever. | dengue fever, a very old disease, has reemerged in the past 20 years with an expanded geographic distribution of both the viruses and the mosquito vectors, increased epidemic activity, the development of hyperendemicity (the cocirculation of multiple serotypes), and the emergence of dengue hemorrhagic fever in new geographic regions. in 1998 this mosquito-borne disease is the most important tropical infectious disease after malaria, with an estimated 100 million cases of dengue fever, 500,000 ca ... | 1998 | 9665979 |
| chitinases are a multi-gene family in aedes, anopheles and drosophila. | degenerate primers were used to amplify by the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) dna fragments from the chitinase genes of five insect species: aedes aegypti, anopheles freeborni, anopheles gambiae, anopheles stephensi and drosophila melanogaster. as many as four different products were found for each species; each deduced protein sequence having greatest homology to chitinase sequences from other species of insects and the crustacean, penaeus japonicus. the four pcr products of a. aegypti hybridi ... | 1998 | 9662472 |
| identification of immune-related protein kinases from mosquitoes (aedes aegypti). | protein kinases are known to be involved in signal transduction for numerous physiological events. however, little is known about the roles of protein kinases in insect immunity. a fragment around 150 bp was amplified by polymerase chain reaction using cdna templates from bacterial inoculated mosquitoes and primers corresponding to the conserved domain of protein kinases. based on sequence analysis, 11 groups of protein kinases were characterized including 3 nonreceptor tyrosine kinases, 3 recep ... | 1998 | 9662071 |
| isolation and sequence of a partial vitellogenin cdna from the cockroach, blattella germanica (l.) (dictyoptera, blattellidae), and characterization of the vitellogenin gene expression. | a partial cdna clone of the vitellogenin gene from the cockroach blattella germanica has been isolated from a cdna expression library using an anti-vitellin-vitellogenin antiserum probe. the analysis of cdna inserts gave a sequence of 2,645 nucleotides corresponding to the 3' region. the deduced amino acid sequence is 825 residues long and is similar to the homologous portion of the vitellogenin of other insect species, especially that of the mosquito aedes aegypti. rna hybridization studies ind ... | 1998 | 9658559 |
| structural, genomic, and phylogenetic analysis of lian, a novel family of non-ltr retrotransposons in the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti. | a retrotransposon named lian-aa1 was discovered in an intron of an aahr3-1 gene of the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti. this retrotransposon contained a long open reading frame with 1,219 amino acids that included endonuclease, reverse transcriptase, and rnase h domains. it was shown that in the rock strain of ae. aegypti, there were up to 1,380 copies of lian elements, equivalent to 0.8% of the entire genome. five additional copies of lian elements were isolated, mapped by restriction dige ... | 1998 | 9656485 |
| laboratory evaluation of the biocontrol potential of mesocyclops thermocyclopoides (copepoda: cyclopidae) against mosquito larvae. | biocontrol potential of mesocyclops thermocyclopoides against first instar larvae of anopheles stephensi, aedes aegypti and culex quinquefasciatus was studied under laboratory conditions. it was found that m. thermocyclopoides had the highest predation efficacy against ae. aegypti followed by an. stephensi and cx. quinquefasciatus. there was a significant reduction in the predation efficacy of m. thermocyclopoides against cx. quinquefasciatus in the presence of alternate food (p < 0.01). the cag ... | 1997 | 9656415 |
| breeding habitats of aedes aegypti (l) and aedes. albopictus (skuse) in villages of barru, south sulawesi, indonesia. | the breeding habitats of the dengue vector, aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus, were studied using larval collection method inside and outside houses in 6 villages of barru, south sulawesi, indonesia from july 1994 to august 1995. aedes aegypti was the dominant species, being abundant indoors especially in the coastal areas. aedes albopictus was breeding primarily in outdoor containers in the hill and mountain areas. earthen jar was the most common breeding habitat of aedes aegypti in all villag ... | 1997 | 9656413 |
| identification and cdna cloning of novel juvenile hormone responsive genes from fat body of the bean bug, riptortus clavatus by mrna differential display. | juvenile hormone (jh) induces termination of diapause and initiation of reproductive maturation in the adult female bean bug, riportus clavatus. applying pcr-based differential display, we have identified four novel jh-responsive cdnas, that is, three repressible (jr-1, 2 and 3) and one inducible (ji-1). these dna fragments were partially sequenced and compared with sequences in the data base. jr-3 was shown to have similarity to the transferrins of other insects, which have been reported as jh- ... | 1998 | 9654740 |
| high level transactivation by a modified bombyx ecdysone receptor in mammalian cells without exogenous retinoid x receptor. | our studies of the bombyx mori ecdysone receptor (be) revealed that, unlike the drosophila melanogaster ecdysone receptor (de), treatment of be with the ecdysone agonist tebufenozide stimulated high level transactivation in mammalian cells without adding an exogenous heterodimer partner. gel mobility shift and transfection assays with both the ultraspiracle gene product (usp) and retinoid x receptor heterodimer partners indicated that this property of be stems from significantly augmented hetero ... | 0 | 9653129 |
| insecticidal activity of bacillus laterosporus. | the bacillus laterosporus strains 921 and 615 were shown to have toxicity for larvae of the mosquitoes aedes aegypti, anopheles stephensi, and culex pipiens. the larvicidal activity of b. laterosporus was associated with spores and crystalline inclusions. purified b. laterosporus 615 crystals were highly toxic for aedes aegypti and anopheles stephensi. | 1998 | 9647857 |
| detection of japanese encephalitis virus by reverse transcription/polymerase chain reaction. | a simple and rapid reverse transcription/polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) assay for detection of japanese encephalitis virus (jev) envelope (e) gene sequences in various biological samples is described. the assay successfully amplified jev e gene sequences from infected cell cultures, aedes aegypti larvae, mosquitoes and mouse blood. the sensitivity of the assay was currently 1 ng of jev rna and could be increased up to 1 pg on the background of 1 microgram of cellular rna by biotinylation of ... | 1998 | 9645237 |
| cytotoxic and insecticidal constituents of the unripe fruit of persea americana. | unripe avocado fruit (persea americana) was subjected to a bioactivity-directed fractionation, as monitored via the brine shrimp lethality assay, to isolate three major bioactive constituents (1-3). compounds 1-3 all have a 1,2,4-triol moiety and a long aliphatic chain that terminates as either an alkane, alkene, or alkyne, respectively; 1 is new, while 2 and 3 have been described previously but not as cytotoxic or pesticidal agents. all have activity against six human tumor cell lines in cultur ... | 1998 | 9644064 |
| the lepidopteran transposon vector, piggybac, mediates germ-line transformation in the mediterranean fruit fly. | the piggybac (ifp2) short inverted terminal repeat transposable element from the cabbage looper trichoplusia ni was tested for gene transfer vector function as part of a bipartite vector-helper system in the mediterranean fruit fly ceratitis capitata. a piggybac vector marked with the medfly white gene was tested with a normally regulated piggybac transposase helper at two different concentrations in a white eye host strain. both experiments yielded transformants at an approximate frequency of 3 ... | 0 | 9636182 |
| mediation of deet repellency in mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) by species, age, and parity. | laboratory bioassays assessed differences in the protection time provided by the repellent deet (n,n-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide) against 5-d-old nulliparous and 10-, 15-, and 20-d-old nulliparous and parous female aedes aegypti (l.), anopheles albimanus (weidemann), and anopheles quadrimaculatus say sensu lato. mean protection time was shortest against an. albimanus (1.6 h) and an. quadrimaculatus (1.5 h) and longest against ae. aegypti (6.5 h), but was not significantly influenced by mosquito ag ... | 1998 | 9615557 |
| carboxypeptidase b in anopheles gambiae (diptera: culicidae): effects of abdominal distention and blood ingestion. | carboxypeptidase b (cpb) activity was detected in the guts of strain g-3 of anopheles gambiae (giles) and aedes aegypti (l.). mosquitoes were examined 3-5 d after emergence following exposure to 20% sucrose, from 0 to 4 h after feeding on a meal of latex beads in saline, and from 0 to 96 h after blood feeding. cpb activity was assayed in whole-gut homogenates, including lumenal contents and peritrophic matrix, by following the hydrolysis of a substrate specific for cpb-[3h]-benzoyl-l-phe-l-arg. ... | 1998 | 9615537 |
| dose-dependent effects of crf-like diuretic peptide on transcellular and paracellular transport pathways. | the mechanism of action of synthetic culex corticotropin-releasing factor (crf)-like diuretic peptide (ccrf-dp) was investigated in isolated, perfused malpighian tubules of the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti. low concentrations of ccrf-dp (10(-10) and 10(-9) m) caused depolarizing oscillations of the lumen-positive transepithelial voltage (vt) in malpighian tubules, whereas high concentrations (10(-8) and 10(-7) m) first depolarized and then transiently hyperpolarized vt; ccrf-dp always lo ... | 1998 | 9612320 |
| clinical evaluation of a rapid immunochromatographic test for the diagnosis of dengue virus infection. | a rapid immunochromatographic test was compared to the hemagglutination inhibition assay for separate determinations of dengue virus-specific immunoglobulin m (igm) and igg levels in paired serum specimens from 92 patients (34 with primary dengue virus infection, 35 with secondary dengue virus infection, and 23 without dengue virus infection). the rapid test showed 99% sensitivity in the diagnosis of dengue virus infection. the majority (30 of 34 [88%]) of patients with primary infection showed ... | 1998 | 9606000 |
| plasmodium gallinaceum: differential killing of some mosquito stages of the parasite by insect defensin. | we examined several insect antimicrobial peptides to study their effect on plasmodium gallinaceum zygotes, ookinetes, oocysts, and sporozoites. only two insect defensins-aeschna cyanea (dragon fly) and phormia terranovae (flesh fly)-had a profound toxic effect on the oocysts in aedes aegypti and on isolated sporozoites. the defensins affected the oocysts in a time-dependent manner. injecting the peptide into the hemolymph 1 or 2 days after an infectious blood meal had no significant effect on pr ... | 1998 | 9603495 |
| nucleotide sequence and deduced amino acid sequence of a putative asparagine synthetase in the mosquito aedes aegypti (l.). | a cdna was cloned from a aedes aegypti head cdna library, containing the complete coding sequence for an asparagine synthetase homolog. the predicted polypeptide sequence exhibits high homology with different proteins of the 'purf' glutamine amidotransferase enzyme family. the aminoterminal region, containing cys-1 which is crucial to perform the glutaminase reaction, was highly conserved among the asparagine synthetase family. subsequent expression of the cdna yielded a 54,000 da protein corres ... | 1998 | 9602118 |
| the lethal effects of cyperus iria on aedes aegypti. | the sedge cyperus iria, a common weed in rice, contains large amounts of the insect hormone (10r) juvenile hormone iii (jh iii). given its widespread distribution in asia and africa, we examined the possibility that c. iria could be used as a safe, inexpensive, and readily available mosquito larvicide. plants of varying ages were harvested and leaves tested for lethal effects on larvae of the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti. the median lethal doses (ld50s) for frozen leaves from 1- and 2-mo ... | 1998 | 9599328 |
| laboratory bioassay to compare susceptibilities of aedes aegypti and anopheles albimanus to bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis as affected by their feeding rates. | this study presents the effect of differences in the feeding rates of aedes aegypti and anopheles albimanus on their susceptibilities to bacillus thuringiensis israelensis. aedes aegypti was more susceptible than an. albimanus because of its faster rate of feeding. aedes aegypti ingested 11.5 times more spores than did an. albimanus, resulting in lower lt50 values. anopheles albimanus larvae fed at a slower rate and required fewer spores than ae. aegypti to induce 50% mortality. these findings s ... | 1998 | 9599326 |
| natural habitats of aedes aegypti in the caribbean--a review. | natural breeding habitats of aedes aegypti in the caribbean region were reviewed by conducting larval surveys in trinidad. puerto rico, and the u.s. virgin islands and referring to records from the mosquitoes of middle america project. twelve types of natural habitats were recorded: rock holes (9.7%), calabashes (2.4%), tree holes (19.5%), leaf axils (4.8%), bamboo joints (14.9%), papaya stumps (7.3%), coconut shells (4.8%), bromeliads (7.3%), ground pools (14.9%), coral rock holes (9.7%), crab ... | 1998 | 9599318 |
| engineered resistance in aedes aegypti to a west african and a south american strain of yellow fever virus. | double subgenomic sindbis (dssin) viruses were engineered to transduce mosquito cells with antisense rna derived either from the premembrane (prm) or polymerase (ns5) coding regions of the 17d vaccine strain of yellow fever virus (yfv). aedes albopictus c6/36 cells were infected at high multiplicities of infection (moi) with each dssin virus. forty-eight hours later, the transduced cells were challenged with an moi of 0.1 of the asibi strain of yfv. at 72-hr postchallenge, the cells were assayed ... | 1998 | 9598458 |
| monitoring of dengue viruses in field-caught aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus mosquitoes by a type-specific polymerase chain reaction and cycle sequencing. | virologic surveillance for dengue through the detection of the prevalent serotype(s) circulating in the human population during inter- and intra-epidemic periods constitutes a reliable sentinel system for dengue outbreaks. we have applied a rapid and sensitive, semi-nested, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) assay using nonstructural protein 3 gene primers for the type-specific-detection of dengue viruses in artificially infected and in field-caught adult aedes mosquitoes. ... | 1998 | 9598444 |
| effects on larvicidal activity of single proline substitutions in alpha3 or alpha4 of the bacillus thuringiensis cry4b toxin. | the possible role of alpha-helices 3 and 4 in toxicity of the dipteran-active bacillus thuringiensis cry4b delta-endotoxin was investigated by employing proline substitutions via site-directed mutagenesis. similar to the wild-type cry4b, the mutant toxins were over-expressed in escherichia coli as cytoplasmic inclusions and were structurally stable upon solubilization and trypsin activation. the substitution of glutamine 149 by proline in the center of helix 4 (q149p) resulted in a nearly comple ... | 1998 | 9584996 |
| adherence of erythrocytes during exflagellation of plasmodium falciparum microgametes is dependent on erythrocyte surface sialic acid and glycophorins. | malaria male gametocytes within a newly ingested infected blood meal in the mosquito midgut emerge from erythrocytes and extrude approximately eight flagellar microgametes in a process termed exflagellation. in culture, and in blood removed from infected patients, emerging microgametes avidly adhere to neighboring uninfected and infected erythrocytes, as well as to emerged female macrogametes, creating "exflagellation centers". the mechanism of erythrocyte adherence is not known nor has it been ... | 1998 | 9584138 |
| the ultraspiracle gene of the spruce budworm, choristoneura fumiferana: cloning of cdna and developmental expression of mrna. | cloning and characterization of a choristoneura fumiferana ultraspiracle (cfusp) cdna are described. first, a pcr fragment and then a cdna clone (4.4 kb) were isolated from spruce budworm cdna libraries. comparison of the deduced amino acid sequence of this cdna with the sequences in genbank showed that this sequence had high homology with the ultraspiracle cdnas cloned from drosophila melanogaster (dmusp), bombyx mori (bmusp), manduca sexta (msusp), and aedes aegypti (aausp). the cfusp cdna con ... | 1998 | 9581288 |
| the concentration-dependence of crf-like diuretic peptide: mechanisms of action. | the mechanism of action of synthetic ccrf-dp, the corticotropin-releasing factor (crf)-related diuretic peptide of the salt marsh mosquito culex salinarius, was investigated in isolated malpighian tubules of the yellow fever mosquito aedes aegypti. a low concentration of ccrf-dp (10(-9)mol l-1) caused a small but insignificant increase in transepithelial secretion of nacl and fluid, but significantly reduced transepithelial voltage and resistance without a change in short-circuit current, pointi ... | 1998 | 9576886 |
| involvement of superoxide dismutase in spore coat assembly in bacillus subtilis. | endospores of bacillus subtilis are enclosed in a proteinaceous coat which can be differentiated into a thick, striated outer layer and a thinner, lamellar inner layer. we found that the n-terminal sequence of a 25-kda protein present in a preparation of spore coat proteins matched that of the mn-dependent superoxide dismutase (sod) encoded by the sod4 locus. sod4 is transcribed throughout the growth and sporulation of a wild-type strain and is responsible for the sod activity detected in total ... | 1998 | 9573176 |
| germination, growth, and sporulation of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis in excreted food vacuoles of the protozoan tetrahymena pyriformis. | spores of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis and their toxic crystals are bioencapsulated in the protozoan tetrahymena pyriformis, in which the toxin remains stable. each t. pyriformis cell concentrates the spores and crystals in its food vacuoles, thus delivering them to mosquito larvae, which rapidly die. vacuoles containing undigested material are later excreted from the cells. the fate of spores and toxin inside the food vacuoles was determined at various times after excretion by phas ... | 1998 | 9572947 |
| cloning of cdna for vitellogenin of the parasitoid wasp, pimpla nipponica (hymenoptera: apocrita: ichneumonidae): vitellogenin primary structure and evolutionary considerations. | the cdna for vitellogenin (vg) of the parasitoid wasp pimpla nipponica (hymenoptera: apocrita) was cloned and sequenced. the deduced amino acid sequence with 1807 residues was obtained. the n-terminal 20 amino acids chemically determined for vitellin (vn) agreed completely with the deduced 20 amino acids that follow the 16 amino acid residues for putative signal peptide. the cdna clone for the vg of the turnip sawfly athalia rosae (hymenoptera: symphyta), previously obtained and partially sequen ... | 1997 | 9569645 |
| transient expression of the drosophila melanogaster cinnabar gene rescues eye color in the white eye (we) strain of aedes aegypti. | the lack of eye pigment in the aedes aegypti we (white eye) colony was confirmed to be due to a mutation in the kynurenine hydroxylase gene, which catalyzes one of the steps in the metabolic synthesis of ommochrome eye pigments. partial restoration of eye color (orange to red phenotype) in pupae and adults occurred in both sexes when first or second instar larvae were reared in water containing 3-hydroxykynurenine, the metabolic product of the enzyme kynurenine hydroxylase. no eye color restorat ... | 1997 | 9569641 |
| plasmodium gallinaceum: effect of insect cells on ookinete development in vitro. | in vitro culture conditions affecting the transformation efficiency from zygote to ookinete for plasmodium gallinaceum were examined, as a step toward improving the overall efficiency of in vitro culture systems for sporogonic stages. gametocytes from infected chickens were allowed to fertilize in vitro and the resulting zygotes were purified and cultured. the time course for ookinete development in vitro was similar to that seen in aedes aegypti mosquitoes. supplementing a basal m-199 culture m ... | 1998 | 9562424 |
| effect of sublethal dosages of malathion on the oral susceptibility of aedes aegypti to dengue-2 virus infection. | 1997 | 9561626 | |
| [dengue, arbovirus and migrations in the indian ocean]. | an arbovirus requires a competent haematophagous arthropod for transmission from one vertebrate to another susceptible host. air transportations allow quick transfers from place to place and the diffusion of potential vectors or infectious hosts. the merchandise transportation by containers allowed the diffusion of ae. albopictus from asia through africa and america. emerging arbovirusis may occur in zones where they do not exist. dengue which originally was located in southeastern asia, is the ... | 1998 | 9559164 |
| gene expression and regulation from the p7 promoter of aedes densonucleosis virus. | the nonstructural proteins ns1 and ns2 are thought to be expressed from the p7 promoter of aedes densonucleosis virus (aednv). to study gene expression from the p7 promoter, eight different plasmids were constructed by fusing beta-galactosidase or beta-glucuronidase into the genome so that the reporter gene was in different open reading frames and under the transcriptional control of the p7 promoter. after transfection into c6/36 aedes albopictus cells, constructs generated comparable amounts of ... | 1998 | 9557726 |
| reduced transdermal absorption of n,n-diethyl-m-toluamide from a new topical insect repellent formulation. | extensive absorption of the topical insect repellent n, n-diethyl-m-toluamide (deet) causes systemic and local toxicities. this report describes the preparation and characterization of a new insect repellent formulation (fa), a peg-polyacrylic acid polymer system, for its deet release, in vitro skin permeation, and in vivo transdermal absorption properties; and for its relative repellency against aedes aegypti mosquitoes. deet release and skin permeation were studied in franz diffusion cells. de ... | 1997 | 9552429 |
| effect of size and geographic origin of aedes aegypti on oral infection with dengue-2 virus. | differences in larval habitats cause variation in the size of aedes aegypti (l.) adults. we suspected that such size variation was related to the ease with which the mosquitoes could be infected with dengue virus. using a rearing procedure that produced three distinct size classes of mosquitoes, we determined the percentage of mosquitoes that developed disseminated dengue-2 infection following oral feeding with a suspension containing 3.3 x 10(7) plaque-forming units/ml. mosquitoes were reared f ... | 1998 | 9546404 |
| aedes aegypti survival and dispersal estimated by mark-release-recapture in northern australia. | the survival and dispersal of adult aedes aegypti were estimated in northern australia where sporadic outbreaks of ae. aegypti-borne dengue viruses have occurred in recent years. standard mark-release-recapture methods were used. in addition, a new sticky trap was used to capture the mosquitoes. prior to the field study, the survival and effect of marking ae. aegypti with fluorescent powder were determined in the laboratory. mortality was age-dependent and the marked cohorts had higher survival ... | 1998 | 9546403 |
| ultrastructural studies on the reproductive system of male aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) infected with dengue 2 virus. | dengue 2 virus was found by transmission electron microscopy to be present in the reproductive tissues of male aedes aegypti (l) 14 d after intrathoracic inoculation. dengue 2 particles were detected in the matrix, epithelial cells, and the peripheral fat body of the testes; secretory droplets of columnar cells of the accessory glands; and the epithelial and muscle cells of the seminal vesicles. however, none was found in the germ cells (i.e., spermatogonia, spermatocytes, spermatid, or spermato ... | 1998 | 9542348 |
| antifungal and larvicidal meroterpenoid naphthoquinones and a naphthoxirene from the roots of cordia linnaei. | three new meroterpenoid naphthoquinones, the known cordiaquinone b and a new naphthoxirene have been isolated from the roots of cordia linnaei. their structures were established by spectrometric methods including ei, d/ci and fab mass spectrometry, 1h, 13c and 2d nmr experiments. the naphthoquinones showed activity against cladosporium cucumerinum, candida albicans and the larvae of the yellow fever-transmitting mosquito aedes aegypti, while the naphthoxirene derivative was found to be inactive ... | 1998 | 9542168 |
| two contiguous outbreaks of dengue type 2 in north queensland. | to investigate two outbreaks of dengue type 2 in north queensland, one in the torres strait beginning in late 1996, the other in a cairns suburb in early 1997. | 1998 | 9539900 |
| serum composition of aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) larvae and the production of an oviposition repellent are influenced by infection with the entomopathogenic digenean plagiorchis elegans (trematoda: plagiorchiidae), starvation, and crowding. | subjecting aedes aegypti (l.) larvae to conditions that induced the production of oviposition repellency also reduced their wet and dry weights and the concentration of total serum carbohydrates, amino acids, and proteins. thus, infection with metacercariae of the entomopathogenic digenean plagiorchis elegans (rudolphi), starvation for 7 d, or crowding for 2 d reduced larval dry weights by as much as 32, 20, and 23%, respectively, and wet weights by 20, 14, and 11%, respectively. total serum car ... | 1998 | 9538578 |
| phylogeny of amblyospora (microsporida: amblyosporidae) and related genera based on small subunit ribosomal dna data: a possible example of host parasite cospeciation. | small subunit ribosomal rna (ssu rrna) gene sequences were analyzed for six species and four genera of microsporidia from mosquito hosts; amblyospora stimuli (aedes stimulans), amblyospora californica (culex tarsalis), amblyospora sp. (culex salinarius), edhazardia aedis (aedes aegypti), culicosporella lunata (culex pilosus), and parathelohania anophelis (anopheles quadrimaculatus). comparison of these sequences to those of other microsporidia show that these sequences are longer with the ssu rr ... | 1998 | 9538024 |
| expression and rapid purification of an aedes aegypti salivary allergen by a baculovirus system. | mosquito salivary proteins cause allergic reactions in humans. recombinant salivary allergens will facilitate both the diagnosis and immunotherapy of mosquito allergy. the aed a 1, a 68-kd apyrase in the saliva of aedes aegypti, has been demonstrated to be an allergen which binds to the ige of mosquito-allergic subjects. the baculovirus expression vector pbluebachis c equipped with an n-terminal histidine tag was used to express the aed a 1 protein. the cdna coding for the 3' significant portion ... | 1998 | 9531167 |
| putative chikungunya virus-specific receptor proteins on the midgut brush border membrane of aedes aegypti mosquito. | two proteins (putative receptors) of 60 and 38 kda, for chikungunya (chik) virus were detected in the brush border membrane fraction (bbmf) of the normal population of aedes aegypti mosquitoes. mosquitoes were infected orally with chik virus and infectivity checked by testing the head squashes. bbmf was prepared from proved positive and negative mosquitoes. the receptor proteins were found to be present in both the proved genotypes. however, dot-b'ot assays showed that the chik virus binding act ... | 1998 | 9529775 |
| development of a chimeric sindbis virus with enhanced per os infection of aedes aegypti. | the te/3'2j double subgenomic sindbis (dssin) viruses have been used to stably express genes in aedes aegypti nerve and salivary gland tissues. however, because these viruses inefficiently infect ae. aegypti when administered by the per os route, te/3'2j viruses must be intrathoracically inoculated into the mosquitoes to infect these tissues. a malaysian sindbis (sin) virus isolate (mre16) does efficiently infect ae. aegypti midgut tissues after ingestion, and approximately 95% of these mosquito ... | 1998 | 9527919 |
| mariner transposition and transformation of the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti. | the mariner transposable element is capable of interplasmid transposition in the embryonic soma of the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti. to determine if this demonstrated mobility could be utilized to genetically transform the mosquito, a modified mariner element marked with a wild-type allele of the drosophila melanogaster cinnabar gene was microinjected into embryos of a kynurenine hydroxylase-deficient, white-eyed recipient strain. three of 69 fertile male founders resulting from the micr ... | 0 | 9520438 |
| stable transformation of the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti, with the hermes element from the housefly. | the mosquito aedes aegypti is the world's most important vector of yellow fever and dengue viruses. work is currently in progress to control the transmission of these viruses by genetically altering the capacity of wild ae. aegypti populations to support virus replication. the germ-line transformation system reported here constitutes a major advance toward the implementation of this control strategy. a modified hermes transposon carrying a 4.7-kb fragment of genomic dna that includes a wild-type ... | 1998 | 9520437 |
| plasmodium gallinaceum preferentially invades vesicular atpase-expressing cells in aedes aegypti midgut. | penetration of the mosquito midgut epithelium is obligatory for the further development of plasmodium parasites. therefore, blocking the parasite from invading the midgut wall disrupts the transmission of malaria. despite such a pivotal role in malaria transmission, the cellular and molecular interactions that occur during the invasion are not understood. here, we demonstrate that the ookinetes of plasmodium gallinaceum, which is related closely to the human malaria parasite plasmodium falciparu ... | 1998 | 9520375 |
| an important step forward in the genetic manipulation of mosquito vectors of human disease. | 1998 | 9520367 | |
| survey of cyclopids (crustacea, copepoda) in brazil and preliminary screening of their potential as dengue vector predators. | cyclopid copepods are known to be good mosquito controllers, specially as regards the larvae of the dengue vectors aedes aegypti and ae. albopictus. | 1997 | 9515258 |
| effect of heavy metals on aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) larvae. | studies were conducted to determine the biological effects of heavy metals on the development of aedes aegypti. embryos immersed in 32 ppm cu or 5 ppm cd did not hatch. the arrest of hatching was in part reversible by removal of the heavy metals. the mortality rate of third-instar larvae exposed to heavy metals for 24 h was metal and dose dependent; the 50% lethal concentration (lc50) endpoints were 3.1, 16.5, and 33 ppm for hg, cd, and cu, respectively. interestingly, a proportion of aedes aegy ... | 1998 | 9515074 |
| mosquito density, biting rate and cage size effects on repellent tests. | mosquito biting rates and the mean duration of protection (in hours) from bites (mdpb) of aedes aegypti and anopheles quadrimaculatus, using the repellent 'deet' (n,n-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide) on a 50 cm2 area of healthy human skin, were observed in small (27 l), medium (approximately 65 l) and large (125 l) cages containing low, medium or high densities of mosquitoes: respectively, 640, 128 or 49 cm3 of cage volume per female. at the initial treatment rate of approximately 0.4 microliter/cm2 ( ... | 1998 | 9513937 |
| [atypical activity rhythm in aedes aegypti in a sub-sudanian savannah zone of côte d'ivoire]. | ae. aegypti is vector of many arboviruses of medical and/or economical importance. it transmits the yellow fever, dengue and chikungunya viruses. small water collections constitute its potential breeding sites. three different populations of ae. aegypti are known in africa: a selvatic population breeding in tree holes and rock holes, a population breeding in discarded containers in peri-domestic area and a third population which breeds in drinking water containers and various receptacles inside ... | 1997 | 9507772 |
| hemagglutinins in mosquitoes and their role in the immune response to brugia malayi (filarioidea:nematoda) larvae. | hemagglutinins were determined in six species of mosquitoes that are susceptible and refractory to brugia malayi (filarioidea: nematoda). high titers of hemagglutinins were found in the salivary gland extract and in the body fluid of a completely refractory species, aedes taeniorhynchus, and in partially refractory species, anopheles quadrimculatus but low levels of hemagglutinins were also present in the body fluid of aedes aegypti (black-eye, liverpool strain), a susceptible species. hemagglut ... | 1997 | 9505436 |
| evidence for genetic hitchhiking effect associated with insecticide resistance in aedes aegypti. | information on genetic variation within and between populations is critical for understanding the evolutionary history of mosquito populations and disease epidemiology. previous studies with drosophila suggest that genetic variation of selectively neutral loci in a large fraction of genome may be constrained by fixation of advantageous mutations associated with hitchhiking effect. this study examined restriction fragment length polymorphisms of four natural aedes aegypti mosquito populations fro ... | 1998 | 9504925 |
| la untadita: a procedure for maintaining washbasins and drums free of aedes aegypti based on modification of existing practices. | chlorine bleach and detergent are routinely used by householders in el progreso, honduras in the process of cleaning washbasins and drums, the two most important larval habitats of aedes aegypti in the city. the efficacy of these materials in eliminating eggs, larvae, and pupae of ae. aegypti was assessed under controlled conditions. the promising results obtained led to trials using a combination of chlorine bleach and detergent to apply to the walls of washbasins and drums as a method for elim ... | 1998 | 9502612 |
| dengue--a re-emerging infectious disease in singapore. | despite its well-established integrated nationwide aedes mosquito control programme which incorporates source reduction, public health education and law enforcement, singapore has not been spared from the regional resurgence of dengue. the disease incidence has been increasing from 9.3 per 100,000 in 1988 to 102.7 per 100,000 in 1996 at the time when the aedes house index (hi) has dropped to around 1% from > 25% in the 1960s. majority of the cases reported from 1990 to 1996 were dengue fever (df ... | 1997 | 9494676 |
| preliminary field evaluation of the combined adulticidal, larvicidal, and wall residual activity of ulv-applied bifenthrin against mosquitoes. | the combined adulticidal, larvicidal, and wall residual activity of ulv-applied bifenthrin, a synthetic pyrethroid, was evaluated in houses in kuala lumpur, malaysia, against larvae and adults of lab-bred aedes aegypti and culex quinquefasciatus. a portable ulv sprayer was used to disperse a ulv formulation of bifenthrin at a discharge rate of 45 ml/min. the results indicated that bifenthrin sprayed at this rate exhibited all the three activities against the test mosquitoes. complete adult morta ... | 1997 | 9491365 |
| down regulation of macrophage activation in brugia pahangi-infected jirds (meriones unguiculatus). | the macrophage is a major component of the inflammatory response induced by lymphatic tissue-dwelling filariae. intraperitoneal (i.p.) infections with brugia pahangi in mongolian gerbils, or jirds (meriones unguiculatus), induce a peritoneal inflammatory response characterized by accumulation of numerous macrophages and fewer eosinophils. this inflammatory response is associated with the release of microfilariae by female worms. the aim of this study was to investigate the activation state of th ... | 1998 | 9488396 |
| global situation of dengue and dengue haemorrhagic fever, and its emergence in the americas. | about two-thirds of the world's population live in areas infested with dengue vectors, mainly aedes aegypti. all four dengue viruses are circulating, sometimes simultaneously, in most of these areas. it is estimated that up to 80 million persons become infected annually although marked underreporting results in the notification of much smaller figures. currently dengue is endemic in all continents except europe and epidemic dengue haemorrhagic fever (dhf) occurs in asia, the americas and some pa ... | 1997 | 9477544 |
| transamination of 3-hydroxykynurenine to produce xanthurenic acid: a major branch pathway of tryptophan metabolism in the mosquito, aedes aegypti, during larval development. | an electrochemically active compound was detected in the larvae of aedes aegypti mosquitoes and progressive accumulation of this compound was observed during larval development. the compound was purified from mosquito larvae using various chromatographic techniques and spectral analysis of the purified compound resulted in its identification as xanthurenic acid. production of xanthurenic acid results from the transamination of 3-hydroxykynuorenine, and analysis of the biochemical pathway in xant ... | 1997 | 9474782 |
| differential accumulation and tissue distribution of mosquito hexamerins during metamorphosis. | the pupal hexamerins were characterized for two mosquitoes representative of the culicine and anopheline families, aedes aegypti and anopheles gambiae. like higher diptera, both mosquito species express two types of hexamerins, hex-1 and hex-2, whose subunits are distinguished by different levels of methionine and aromatic amino acids. in a. aegypti there are two heterohexamers, aahex-1 and aahex-2. in a. gambiae there are two homohexamers, aghex-1.1 and aghex-1.2, and one heterohexamer, aghex-2 ... | 1997 | 9474778 |
| a novel insecticidal serotype of clostridium bifermentans. | a novel clostridium bifermentans strain toxic to mosquito larvae on ingestion was isolated from a soil sample collected from secondary forest floor. this strain was designated as serovar paraiba (c. b. paraiba) according to its specific h antigen. clostridium bifermentans paraiba is most toxic to anopheles maculatus theobald larvae (lc50 = 0.038 mg/liter), whereas toxicity to aedes aegypti (linn.) (lc50 = 0.74 mg/liter) and culex quinquefasciatus say (lc50 = 0.11 mg/liter) larvae was 20 and 3 ti ... | 1997 | 9474569 |
| the mossie-buster: a hose-driven insecticide delivery tool for the control of container-breeding mosquitoes. | a novel insecticide delivery tool, the mossie-buster, was recently developed to control larval populations from urban breeding sites in townsville, australia. this functional and user-friendly control device directly targets the main breeding sites of aedes aegypti (l.) with a focused delivery of insecticides. the mossie-buster comprises a commercially available device and attachments that mix an insecticide solution into the flow of water emitted from a hose. attached to the device is a trigger ... | 1997 | 9474568 |
| performance of ulv formulations (pesguard 102/vectobac 12as) against three mosquito species. | adulticidal and larvicidal performances of a water-based pyrethroid microemulsion pesguard ps 102 (ai d-allethrin and d-phenothrin, both at 5.0% w/w) and vectobac 12as, an aqua-suspension bacillus thuringiensis israelensis (b.t.i.) formulation (ai 1,200 itu/mg) were assessed against mosquitoes aedes aegypti, aedes albopictus, and culex quinquefasciatus using a leco ulv fog generator model 1600 and a scorpion 20 ulv airblast sprayer. laboratory-cultured mosquito adults and larvae were used for ef ... | 1997 | 9474567 |
| evolution of repellent tolerances in representative arthropods. | eight commercial insect repellents were tested against ornithodoros parkeri (acari: argasidae), dermacentor variabilis (acari: ixodidae), aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae), and xenopsylla cheopis (siphonaptera: pulicidae). patterns of tolerance to the test materials were distinctive for each test species. levels of tolerance were coded as character state 0 (sensitive), 1 (intermediate), or 2 (tolerant) and mapped on a cladogram reflecting the accepted classification of the test species. charact ... | 1997 | 9474558 |
| an equipment for the study of behavioural responses of mosquitoes to residual application of synthetic insecticides. | excito-repellency (e-r) test box was developed to study under laboratory conditions the refractory behaviour of mosquitoes to residual application of synthetic insecticides. the observations obtained through the equipment were compared with another behavioural study of mosquitoes using standard who irritability test kit. during 16 hour exposure period there was restricted entry of mosquitoes in ddt treated chamber of e-r test box for all mosquito species tested (anopheles stephensi, aedes aegypt ... | 1997 | 9465527 |
| first evidence of natural vertical transmission of yellow fever virus in aedes aegypti, its epidemic vector. | entomological investigations were conducted in 1995 in senegal, following a yellow fever (yf) outbreak. a total of 1125 mosquitoes collected in the field, including males, females and 12-48 h old newly emerged adults reared from wild-caught larvae, were tested for yf virus. among the 22 species captured, aedes aegypti was the most common. 'wild' vectors of yf were also captured, including a. furcifer, a. metallicus and a. luteocephalus. in all, 28 yf virus isolations were made: 19 from a. aegypt ... | 1997 | 9463659 |
| identification of a steroidogenic neurohormone in female mosquitoes. | in the female mosquito, aedes aegypti, neurohormones are released from the brain in response to a blood meal and stimulate the ovaries to secrete ecdysteroid hormones, which modulate yolk protein synthesis in the fat body. neuropeptides with this bioactivity were isolated from head extracts, and partial sequences from these peptides when aligned gave a 31-residue sequence at the amino terminus. oligonucleotide primers for this sequence were used to amplify with the polymerase chain reaction a ge ... | 1998 | 9461584 |
| analysis of a ribosomal dna intergenic spacer region from the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti. | we have sequenced the 1.8 kb intergenic spacer (igs) region from an aedes aegypti ribosomal dna repeat and have identified conserved functional motifs shared with the related mosquito, aedes albopictus. despite the shorter length and greater homogeneity of the ae. aegypti igs region, the sequences of two potential rna polymerase i core promoters and closely associated terminator elements were highly conserved. primer extension analysis indicated that the predominant transcription initiation site ... | 1998 | 9459426 |
| development of a comparative genetic linkage map for armigeres subalbatus using aedes aegypti rflp markers. | one of the causative agents of lympahtic filariasis is the nematode parasite brugia malayi that requires a competent mosquito vector for its development and transmission. armigeres subalbatus mosquitoes rapidly destroy invading b. malayi microfilariae via a defense response known as melanotic encapsulation. we have constructed a genetic linkage map for this mosquito species using rflp markers from aedes aegypti. this heterologous approach was possible because of the conserved nature of the codin ... | 1998 | 9445486 |
| genetic determinants responsible for acquisition of dengue type 2 virus mouse neurovirulence. | studies conducted some 50 years ago showed that serial intracerebral passage of dengue viruses in mice selected for neurovirulent mutants that also exhibited significant attenuation for humans. we investigated the genetic basis of mouse neurovirulence of dengue virus because it might be directly or indirectly associated with attenuation for humans. analysis of the sequence in the c-prem-e-ns1 region of the parental dengue type 2 virus (den2) new guinea c (ngc) strain and its mouse-adapted, neuro ... | 1998 | 9445071 |
| chikungunya in thailand: a re-emerging disease? | the first reported case of chikungunya virus diagnosed by serology in thailand was in 1960 and the last one was in 1991. the disease surveillance system does not specifically include chikungunya cases and the signs and symptoms are similar to these of dengue fever/dengue hemorrhagic fever (df/dhf), rubella, and fever of unknown origin (fuo); thus cases might often be reported under those diagnoses. during the rainy season of 1995 (jun-aug), there were at least 2 reported chikungunya outbreaks wh ... | 1997 | 9444021 |
| evidence for two distinct members of the amylase gene family in the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti. | genomic dna fragments encoding a salivary gland-specific alpha-amylase gene, amylase i (amy i), and an additional amylase, amylase ii (amyii) of the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti, were isolated and characterized. two independently isolated dna fragments, g34-f and g34-14a, encode polymorphic alleles of amy i. a 3.2 kilobase (kb) ecor i fragment of g34-f, f2, has been sequenced in its entirety and contains 832 base pairs (bp) of the 5'-end, non-coding and putative promoter regions that are ... | 1997 | 9443377 |
| evaluation of commercial insect repellents on human skin against aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae). | an olfactometer was used to evaluate the efficacy of selected commercial insect repellent products against aedes aegypti (l.). a comparison of 12 commercial repellent products was made on human skin. the products tested included 2 natural oil insect repellent formulations (buzz away and green ban) containing plant extracts, 2 proprietary products (skin-so-soft lotion and bath oil), and 8 commercial deet preparations in various concentrations and forms of spray, aerosol, stick, cream, and lotion. ... | 1997 | 9439116 |
| influence of plant abundance on nectar feeding by aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) in southern mexico. | the availability of flowering plants affected the sugar feeding rates of female aedes aegypti (l.) in 4 areas of a small city in southern mexico. the proportion of mosquitoes containing sugar varied from 8 to 21% in 4 areas in direct relation to blooming plant abundance. human density was similar in the 4 areas (range, 3.9-5.4 per house), whereas the number of flowering plants per house increased on the outskirts (range, 3.1-5.4 plants per house). equal proportions of sugar positive females were ... | 1997 | 9439110 |
| evaluation of a rapid immunochromatographic test for diagnosis of dengue virus infection. | a rapid (<7-min) immunochromatographic test for immunoglobulin m (igm) and igg antibodies to dengue viruses was evaluated by using hospital admission and discharge sera from 124 patients. the reference laboratory diagnosis was based on the results of virus isolation, hemagglutination-inhibition assay (hai), and enzyme immunoassay (eia). by the standard assays, patients experienced primary dengue virus infection (n = 30), secondary dengue virus infection (n = 48), japanese encephalitis (je) virus ... | 1998 | 9431954 |
| the gecko: an environmentally friendly biological agent for mosquito control. | laboratory experiments with aedes aegypti mosquitoes investigated the effects of light, mosquito density and physiological state on predation rates by the australian gecko gehydra dubia and the exotic asian house gecko hemidactylus frenatus. for both gecko species a positive correlation was demonstrated between prey density and the predation rate. using ae.aegypti males and unfed females as prey in a terrarium (0.054 m3), consumption rates reached 76-108/day for g.dubia and 63-109/day for h.fren ... | 1997 | 9430109 |
| molecular mapping of insecticide resistance genes in the yellow fever mosquito (aedes aegypti). | several loci conferring insecticide resistance in the yellow fever mosquito (aedes aegypti) have previously been mapped by simple recombinational mapping. here we describe correlation of these resistance phenotypes with molecular gene probes for insecticide target sites by rflp mapping. the para sodium channel gene homologue and the gaba receptor gene resistance to dieldrin map to the same genome regions as the ddt/pyrethroid and cyclodiene resistance loci, respectively. although the acetylcholi ... | 2010 | 9419893 |
| [impregnation of uniforms with permethrin as a mean of protection of working personnel exposed to contact with hematophagous arthropods]. | laboratory bioassays were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of permethrin-impregnated clothing against biting arthropods. military battle dress uniforms were impregnated at a rate of 0.12-0.15 mg active ingredient (a.i.)/cm2. gas chromatographic analysis of cloth patches treated showed that over 50% of the chemical remained after 6 cycles of washing. this amount of a.i. (0.06-0.07 mg/cm2) was effective in providing protection against aedes aegypti and ixodes ricinus. mosquitoes and ticks w ... | 1997 | 9409928 |
| mosquito larvicidal activity of transgenic anabaena strain pcc 7120 expressing combinations of genes from bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis. | various combinations of the genes cryiva (cry4a), cryivd (cry11a), and p20 from bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis were introduced into the nitrogen-fixing cyanobacterium anabaena sp. strain pcc 7120 by means of escherichia coli-anabaena shuttle vector prl488p and were expressed under control of two tandem strong promoters, a cyanobacterial promoter (ppsba) and an e. coli t7 promoter (pa1). two of the clones carrying cryiva plus cryivd, one with p20 and one without p20, displayed toxicity ... | 1997 | 9406420 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of a novel mosquitocidal protein gene from bacillus thuringiensis subsp. fukuokaensis. | a novel mosquitocidal protein gene, cry20aa, was cloned from bacillus thuringiensis subsp. fukuokaensis (h-3a: 3d: 3e). the gene product, cry20aa, was naturally truncated and had a molecular mass of 86,138 da. the cry20aa protein possessed five conserved sequence blocks, as do most other insecticidal cry toxins. however, an amino acid comparison of cry20aa with other mosquitocidal toxins, including cry4a, cry4b, cry10a, cry11a, and cry11b, demonstrated that cry20aa was quite different from other ... | 1997 | 9406385 |
| isolation of the v-atpase a and c subunit cdnas from mosquito midgut and malpighian tubules. | using conserved amino acid sequences for the design of oligonucleotide primers, we isolated cdna clones for two subunits of the v-atpase from the midgut and malpighian tubules of aedes aegypti larvae. the 3.1 kb cdna of the a subunit of the peripheral catalytic v1 sector codes for a protein of 68.6 kda. the protein contains conserved motifs, including an atp/gtp binding site, found in all other a subunits. southern analysis using the a subunit as a probe suggests the presence of only a single co ... | 1998 | 9397516 |
| aedes aegypti in córdoba province, argentina. | in 1955, the area infested by aedes aegypti in argentina was estimated as 1,500,000 km2; and in 1963, the species was considered to be eradicated from argentina. in 1995, the argentine ministry of health reported reinfestation by ae. aegypti. during 1994-95, the ministry of health of córdoba province, zoonosis department, established a surveillance system for ae. aegypti in córdoba province, argentina. this report is a summary of results obtained thus far. in total, 74 localities in córdoba prov ... | 1997 | 9383767 |
| oviposition responses of aedes aegypti and ae. atropalpus (diptera: culicidae) females to waters from conspecific and heterospecific normal larvae and from larvae infected with plagiorchis elegans (trematoda: plagiorchiidae). | ovipositing aedes aegypti (l.) females were attracted to waters in which uninfected aedes atropalpus (coquillett) larvae had been reared, but were repelled by waters from larvae of either species infected with the entomopathogenic digenean plagiorchis elegans (rudolphi). in contrast, ae. atropalpus females were attracted to or repelled by waters from conspecific uninfected and infected larvae, respectively, but did not respond to corresponding waters from ae. aegypti larvae. the sensitivity of o ... | 1997 | 9379463 |
| secretory and internalization pathways of mosquito yolk protein precursors. | the vitellogenic female fat body of the mosquito aedes aegypti produces three yolk protein precursors that are deposited in the yolk bodies of developing oocytes: vitellogenin, vitellogenic carboxypeptidase (vcp), and 44-kda protein (44kp). we have used gold immunocytochemistry to investigate the pathways of their secretion in fat body trophocytes and their internalization by oocytes. in fat body trophocytes, all three yolk protein precursors are co-localized in the golgi complex and secretory g ... | 1997 | 9377633 |
| site-directed mutagenesis of an acetylcholinesterase gene from the yellow fever mosquito aedes aegypti confers insecticide insensitivity. | insecticide resistance is a serious problem facing the effective control of insect vectors of disease. insensitive acetylcholinesterase (ache) confers resistance to organophosphorus (op) and carbamate insecticides and is a widespread resistance mechanism in vector mosquitoes. although the point mutations that underlie ache insensitivity have been described from drosophila, the colorado potato beetle, and house flies, no resistance associated mutations have been documented from mosquitoes to date ... | 1997 | 9371089 |
| chymotrypsin inhibitors in mosquitoes: activity profile during development and after blood feeding. | chymotrypsin and trypsin inhibitors persist throughout all developmental instars of aedes aegypti. after a blood meal, inhibitor activity against chymotrypsin was more than double that of sugar-fed females, but only weak activity was detected in midguts where proteinase inhibitors has been thought to regulate proteinases during blood digestion. a fourfold increase in the ratio of abdominal/thoracic inhibitor activity after the blood meal strongly suggested that fat body, or other abdominal tissu ... | 1997 | 9366013 |
| improvement of bacillus sphaericus toxicity against dipteran larvae by integration, via homologous recombination, of the cry11a toxin gene from bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis. | integrative plasmids were constructed to enable integration of foreign dna into the chromosome of bacillus sphaericus 2297 by in vivo recombination. integration of the apha3 kanamycin resistance gene by a two-step procedure demonstrated that this strategy was applicable with antibiotic resistance selection. hybridization experiments evidenced two copies of the operon encoding the binary toxin from b. sphaericus in the recipient strain. the bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis cry11aal gene ... | 1997 | 9361428 |
| mosquito clathrin heavy chain: analysis of protein structure and developmental expression in the ovary during vitellogenesis. | we have deduced the amino acid sequences of clathrin heavy chain (chc) polypeptides based on cdna and genomic clones from the mosquito, aedes aegypti. two isoforms which differ in the very beginning of the n-terminal domain, ovary-specific aachca and somatic-specific aachcb, were identified, characterized and compared to one another as well as to chc polypeptides from different species. the 1682 amino acid sequence of the aachca isoform predicts a molecular mass (m[r]) of 191,743 daltons and an ... | 1997 | 9359577 |