Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| lateral gene transfer between obligate intracellular bacteria: evidence from the rickettsia massiliae genome. | rickettsia massiliae is a tick-borne obligate intracellular alpha-proteobacteria causing spotted fever in humans. here, we present the sequence of its genome, comprising a 1.3-mb circular chromosome and a 15.3-kb plasmid. the chromosome exhibits long-range colinearity with the other spotted fever group rickettsia genomes, except for a large fragment specific to r. massiliae that contains 14 tra genes presumably involved in pilus formation and conjugal dna transfer. we demonstrate that the tra re ... | 2007 | 17916642 |
| life cycles of seven ixodid tick species (acari: ixodidae) under standardized laboratory conditions. | studies of transmission, maintenance, infectivity, virulence, and pathogenicity of tick-borne agents require the use of large numbers of live laboratory-raised ticks. colonies of ixodes scapularis say, ixodes pacificus cooley & kohls, amblyomma americanum (l.), dermacentor occidentalis marx, dermacentor variabilis (say), hemaphysalis leporispalustris (packard), and rhipicephalus sanguineus (latrielle) have been maintained in our laboratory at the centers for disease control and prevention for fi ... | 2007 | 17915502 |
| the complete mitochondrial genome of the sea spider achelia bituberculata (pycnogonida, ammotheidae): arthropod ground pattern of gene arrangement. | the phylogenetic position of pycnogonids is a long-standing and controversial issue in arthropod phylogeny. this controversy has recently been rekindled by differences in the conclusions based on neuroanatomical data concerning the chelifore and the patterns of hox expression. the mitochondrial genome of a sea spider, nymphon gracile (pycnogonida, nymphonidae), was recently reported in an attempt to address this issue. however, n. gracile appears to be a long-branch taxon on the phylogenetic tre ... | 2007 | 17908292 |
| movement of rhipicephalus sanguineus adults between co-housed dogs during active feeding. | adult male ticks have been shown capable of experimental acquisition and transmission of tick-borne pathogens without requiring a molt. to determine the ecological relevance of this intrastadial transmission route, we evaluated the extent to which actively feeding male rhipicephalus sanguineus move naturally between co-housed infested dogs. dogs (n=4) were infested with single color-coded ticks, individually housed in tick-confinement cages for 48 h while infestations established, and then each ... | 2007 | 17904292 |
| epidemiological features of mediterranean spotted fever, murine typhus, and q fever in split-dalmatia county (croatia), 1982-2002. | we determined the epidemiological features of three zoonoses in hospitalized patients in southern croatia. patients were diagnosed by serological testing. clinical and epidemiological data were also collected. between 1982 and 2002, mediterranean spotted fever (msf) was diagnosed in 126 (incidence rate 1.27/100,000 per year), murine typhus (mt), in 57 (incidence rate 0.57/100,000 per year), and q fever in 170 (incidence rate 1.7/100,000 per year) patients. msf and q fever were characterized by a ... | 2007 | 17850690 |
| tick fauna from two locations in the brazilian savannah. | the cerrado is brazil's tropical savannah, which is arguably under greater threat than the amazon rainforest. the cerrado biome of tropical south america covers about 2 million km(2) and is considered a biodiversity hot spot which means that it is especially rich in endemic species and particularly threatened by human activities. the cerrado is increasingly exposed to agricultural activities which enhance the likelihood of mixing parasites from rural, urban and wildlife areas. information about ... | 2007 | 17828441 |
| screening dogs in ontario for borrelia burgdorferi and ehrlichia canis should be selective rather than routine. | 2007 | 17824154 | |
| rickettsia conorii israeli tick typhus strain isolated from rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks in portugal. | this report describes the first establishment of five isolates of r. conorii israeli tick typhus (itt) strain from rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks in different regions of portugal. ticks were collected on two separate expeditions that took place in bragança, montesinho natural park, and portalegre city. | 2007 | 17767403 |
| localization and visualization of a coxiella-type symbiont within the lone star tick, amblyomma americanum. | a coxiella-type microbe occurs at 100% frequency in all amblyomma americanum ticks thus far tested. using laboratory-reared ticks free of other microbes, we identified the amblyomma-associated coxiella microbe in several types of tissue and at various stages of the life cycle of a. americanum by 16s rrna gene sequencing and diagnostic pcr. we visualized amblyomma-associated coxiella through the use of a diagnostic fluorescence in situ hybridization (fish) assay supplemented with pcr-based detect ... | 2007 | 17720830 |
| anaphylactic shock caused by tick (rhipicephalus sanguineous). | 2007 | 17694706 | |
| animal babesiosis: an emerging zoonosis also in italy? | in italy, babesiosis is widespread in several central and southern regions, but few data are available on its presence in most italian areas. in 2004 a project was financed by the miur to investigate on the babesiosis epidemiology in vertebrate and invertebrate hosts, and on the transmission risk for humans in central and northern regions of the country. microscopy and/or molecular tools were applied to blood samples of wild animals, livestock and pets, and to 1,677 ticks collected on animals or ... | 2007 | 17691605 |
| detection of "rickettsia sp. strain uilenbergi" and "rickettsia sp. strain davousti" in amblyomma tholloni ticks from elephants in africa. | to date, 6 tick-borne rickettsiae pathogenic for humans are known to occur in africa and 4 of them were first identified in ticks before being recognized as human pathogens. | 2007 | 17683629 |
| identification of rickettsial isolates at the species level using multi-spacer typing. | in order to estimate whether multi-spacer typing (mst), based on the sequencing of variable intergenic spacers, could serve for the identification of rickettsia at the species level, we applied it to 108 rickettsial isolates or arthropod amplicons that include representatives of 23 valid rickettsia species. | 2007 | 17662158 |
| real-time pcr-based prevalence study, infection follow-up and molecular characterization of canine hemotropic mycoplasmas. | hemotropic mycoplasmas (hemoplasmas) have been reported in several mammalian species including dogs. infections may lead to hemolytic anemia, but investigations in the dog had been hampered by the lack of adequate diagnostic methods. only recently sensitive pcr-based assays were reported for the two canine hemoplasmas, mycoplasma haemocanis and candidatus mycoplasma haematoparvum. by applying these assays, 15.4% of 460 dogs from the south of france tested hemoplasma positive. it was hypothesized ... | 2008 | 17656047 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of a highly selective chemokine-binding protein from the tick rhipicephalus sanguineus. | ticks are blood-feeding parasites that secrete a number of immuno-modulatory factors to evade the host immune response. saliva isolated from different species of ticks has recently been shown to contain chemokine neutralizing activity. to characterize this activity, we constructed a cdna library from the salivary glands of the common brown dog tick, rhipicephalus sanguineus. pools of cdna clones from the library were transfected into hek293 cells, and the conditioned media from the transfected c ... | 2007 | 17640866 |
| ehrlichia species in rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks in cameroon. | ehrlichia and anaplasma species are tick-transmitted obligately intracellular bacteria that commonly cause disease in dogs worldwide. in addition to causing disease in canines, ehrlichia chaffeensis, ehrlichia ewingii, and anaplasma phagocytophilum are responsible for emerging and life-threatening human zoonoses in the united states. we previously reported a high prevalence of e. canis infection in cameroonian dogs based on serologic and molecular evidence. this study was undertaken to determine ... | 2007 | 17627442 |
| hepatozoon canis infection in slovakia: imported or autochthonous? | tissue samples from nine red foxes (four samples of striated muscle tissue and five samples of heart tissue) that originated from the michalovce district (slovakia), an area with endemic occurrence of canine babesiosis were examined by pcr method using primers amplifying a fragment of the 18s rrna spanning the v4 region of babesia and theileria. an unexpected determination of 450 bp dna fragment of hepatozoon canis was found in four samples. partial sequences of the 18s rrna gene from the h. can ... | 2007 | 17627439 |
| coinfection with multiple tick-borne and intestinal parasites in a 6-week-old dog. | coinfection with ehrlichia canis, babesia canis, hepatozoon canis, isospora spp., giardia spp., and dipylidium caninum were detected in a 6-week-old dog. the effect of multi-pathogen infection was a fatal combination of gastrointestinal and hematologic abnormalities, including diarrhea, vomiting, anorexia, distended painful abdomen, intussusception, severe thrombocytopenia, anemia, and hypoproteinemia. | 2007 | 17616060 |
| tick acquisition of ehrlichia canis from dogs treated with doxycycline hyclate. | doxycycline generally alleviates clinical monocytic ehrlichiosis, but its efficacy in the control of monocytotropic ehrlichial pathogens requires further investigation. in this study, ehrlichia canis was detected in dogs treated with doxycycline for 14 days and in ticks fed on these dogs, suggesting that treated dogs can remain reservoirs for e. canis. | 2007 | 17606682 |
| a secondary structural common core in the ribosomal its2 (internal transcribed spacer) of culexspecies from diverse geographical locations. | in the present study, sequence and structural analysis of its2 region (the spacer segment between 5.8s and 28s rrna of mature rrna sequences) of 7 culex species belonging to 5 different geographical locations was carried out. alignment of the its2 sequence from the 7 species revealed 8 homologous domains. four species namely c. vishnui, c. annulus, c. pipiens, c. quiquefasciatusshowed high sequence (98-100%) and rna secondary structure similarity. the its2 similarity among different species is h ... | 2005 | 17597853 |
| q fever (coxiella burnetii) among man and farm animals in north sinai, egypt. | antibodies against coxiella burnetii were estimated among sheep, goats and camels (190), their owners (150 patients with pyrexia of unknown origin) and 30 normal individuals in north sinai over the 2006 by indirect immounofluorescence assay. nested polymerase chain reaction was used to detect com-1 gene (genetic target of c. burnetii) encoding a 27-kda outer membrane protein in the samples. c. burnetii ifa antibodies (igm & igg) in patients were 8 (5.3%) and a healthy control (3.3%). the overall ... | 2007 | 17580573 |
| francisella tularensis, portugal. | 2007 | 17561575 | |
| molecular typing of isolates of rickettsia rickettsii by use of dna sequencing of variable intergenic regions. | rickettsia rickettsii, the causative agent of rocky mountain spotted fever, is found throughout the americas, where it is associated with different animal reservoirs and tick vectors. no molecular typing system currently exists to allow for the robust differentiation of isolates of r. rickettsii. analysis of eight completed genome sequences of rickettsial species revealed a high degree of sequence conservation within the coding regions of chromosomes in the genus. intergenic regions between codi ... | 2007 | 17553977 |
| life cycle of hepatozoon canis (apicomplexa: adeleorina: hepatozoidae) in the tick rhipicephalus sanguineus and domestic dog (canis familiaris). | the life cycle of the apicomplexan protozoon hepatozoon canis in its natural hosts rhipicephalus sanguineus (tick) and canis familiaris (domestic dog) was studied in an experimental infection. tick nymphs were fed on a naturally infected dog, or they were infected by percutaneous injection of blood. dogs were inoculated by ingestion of adult ticks containing mature oocysts. gamonts were in syzygy 24 hr after percutaneous injection of ticks. early oocysts were detected 96 hr after nymph repletion ... | 2007 | 17539411 |
| real-time pcr investigation of potential vectors, reservoirs, and shedding patterns of feline hemotropic mycoplasmas. | three hemotropic mycoplasmas have been identified in pet cats: mycoplasma haemofelis, "candidatus mycoplasma haemominutum," and "candidatus mycoplasma turicensis." the way in which these agents are transmitted is largely unknown. thus, this study aimed to investigate fleas, ticks, and rodents as well as saliva and feces from infected cats for the presence of hemotropic mycoplasmas, to gain insight into potential transmission routes for these agents. dna was extracted from arthropods and from rod ... | 2007 | 17468284 |
| differential interaction of dendritic cells with rickettsia conorii: impact on host susceptibility to murine spotted fever rickettsiosis. | spotted fever group rickettsioses are emerging and reemerging infectious diseases, some of which are life-threatening. in order to understand how dendritic cells (dcs) contribute to the host resistance or susceptibility to rickettsial diseases, we first characterized the in vitro interaction of rickettsiae with bone marrow-derived dcs (bmdcs) from resistant c57bl/6 (b6) and susceptible c3h/hen (c3h) mice. in contrast to the exclusively cytosolic localization within endothelial cells, rickettsiae ... | 2007 | 17403875 |
| uninfected mosquito bites confer protection against infection with malaria parasites. | despite decades of research and multiple initiatives, malaria continues to be one of the world's most debilitating infectious diseases. new insights for malaria control and vaccine development will be essential to thwart the staggering worldwide impact of this disease (a. bjorkman and a. bhattarai, acta trop. 94:163-169, 2005); ultimately successful vaccine strategies will undoubtedly be multifactorial, incorporating multiple antigens and targeting diverse aspects of the malaria parasites' biolo ... | 2007 | 17339356 |
| detection of rickettsia rickettsii and bartonella henselae in rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks from california. | sixty-two questing adult rhipicephalus sanguineus (latreille) ticks were collected by direct removal from blades of turfgrass and adjacent concrete walkways at a suburban home in riverside county, ca, and tested for the presence of rickettsia, bartonella, and ehrlichia dna. polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was used to amplify fragments of the 17-kda antigen gene and the rompa gene of the spotted fever group rickettsiae. one male tick contained r. rickettsii dna; its genotype differed from r. rick ... | 2007 | 17294935 |
| prevalence of ehrlichia canis (rickettsiales: anaplasmataceae) in dogs and rhipicephalus sanguineus (acari: ixodidae) ticks from brazil. | the current study evaluated the prevalence of ehrlichia canis donatien and lestoquard in domestic dogs, canis familiaris l., and rhipicephalus sanguineus (latreille) (acari: ixodidae) ticks from different areas of brazil. in monte negro county (state of rondônia, brazilian western amazon), the indirect immunofluorescence assay detected e. canis-reactive antibodies (titer > or = 40) in 58/153 (37.9%) and 40/161 (24.8%) dogs from the urban and rural areas, respectively. these values were significa ... | 2007 | 17294930 |
| an investigation into the distribution, host-preference and population density of ixodid ticks affecting domestic animals in bangladesh. | to study the distribution, host-preference and population density of ixodid ticks in bangladesh, an attempt was made to collect adult ticks from various host animals in three distinct topographic zones, viz. flood plains, hills and steppe 'barind'. five species of ixodid ticks were recorded, namely, boophilus microplus (56.3%), haemaphysalis bispinosa (11.3%), rhipicephalus sanguineus (14.7%), hyalomma anatolicum anatolicum (15.0%) and amblyomma testudinarium (2.8%). the data showed that b. micr ... | 2006 | 17243476 |
| hyalomma aegyptium as dominant tick in tortoises of the genus testudo in balkan countries, with notes on its host preferences. | collection of 1327 ticks sampled throughout greece, bulgaria, romania and croatia, from 211 tortoises belonging to three species, testudo marginata schoepff, t. graeca linnaeus, and t. hermanni gmelin, revealed the presence of four species of ixodid ticks, namely hyalomma aegyptium (linnaeus), haemaphysalis sulcata canestrini and fanzago, h. inermis birula and rhipicephalus sanguineus (latreille). study confirmed the strong dominance of all life stages of h. aegyptium among ticks parasitizing we ... | 2007 | 17237970 |
| the low seroprevalence of tick-transmitted agents of disease in dogs from southern ontario and quebec. | infectious diseases caused by pathogens transmitted by ticks and other insect vectors are an important cause of morbidity and mortality in both dogs and humans throughout north america. the purpose of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of selected vector-transmitted pathogens in southern ontario and quebec. samples submitted to the vector borne disease diagnostic laboratory (vbddl) at the north carolina state university college of veterinary medicine were evaluated for antibodies to ... | 2006 | 17217089 |
| the environmental-endocrine basis of gynandromorphism (intersex) in a crustacean. | commensurate with the decline in many crustacean populations has been an accumulation in reports of sexually ambiguous individuals within these populations. the cause of gynandromorphism or intersex among crustaceans is unknown. we show that gynandromorphism in the branchiopod crustacean daphnia magna is initiated by the sex-determining hormone methyl farnesoate when levels of the hormone are intermediate between low levels that stimulate the production of broods containing all female offspring ... | 2006 | 17205107 |
| sero-prevalence and risk indicators for canine ehrlichiosis in three rural areas of brazil. | ehrlichia canis has a worldwide geographic distribution, occurring particularly in tropical and subtropical areas. in brazil, the main vector in urban areas is believed to be the brown dog tick rhipicephalus sanguineus, but little is known about the occurrence, transmission and other epidemiological aspects of canine ehrlichiosis in rural areas, where amblyomma ticks are found more frequently than r. sanguineus. a sero-prevalence study of canine ehrlichiosis was carried out in three distinct rur ... | 2007 | 17204439 |
| developmental profiles in tick water balance with a focus on the new rocky mountain spotted fever vector, rhipicephalus sanguineus. | recent reports indicate that the common brown dog tick, or kennel tick, rhipicephalus sanguineus (latreille) (acari: ixodidae) is a competent vector of rocky mountain spotted fever in the u.s.a. this tick is of concern to public health because of its high frequency of contact, as it has a unique ability to thrive within human homes. to assess the moisture requirements necessary for survival, water balance characteristics were determined for each developmental stage, from egg to adult. this is th ... | 2006 | 17199747 |
| gene silencing of the tick protective antigens, bm86, bm91 and subolesin, in the one-host tick boophilus microplus by rna interference. | the use of rna interference (rnai) to assess gene function has been demonstrated in several three-host tick species but adaptation of rnai to the one-host tick, boophilus microplus, has not been reported. we evaluated the application of rnai in b. microplus and the effect of gene silencing on three tick-protective antigens: bm86, bm91 and subolesin. gene-specific double-stranded (dsrna) was injected into two tick stages, freshly molted unfed and engorged females, and specific gene silencing was ... | 2007 | 17196597 |
| serologic evidence for exposure to rickettsia rickettsii in eastern arizona and recent emergence of rocky mountain spotted fever in this region. | during 2002 through 2004, 15 patients with rocky mountain spotted fever (rmsf) were identified in a rural community in arizona where the disease had not been previously reported. the outbreak was associated with rickettsia rickettsii in an unexpected tick vector, the brown dog tick (rhipicephalus sanguineus), which had not been previously associated with rmsf transmission in the united states. we investigated the extent of exposure to r. rickettsii in the local area through serologic evaluations ... | 2006 | 17187578 |
| national assessment of human health effects of climate change in portugal: approach and key findings. | in this study we investigated the potential impact of climate change in portugal on heat-related mortality, air pollution-related health effects, and selected vectorborne diseases. the assessment used climate scenarios from two regional climate models for a range of future time periods. the annual heat-related death rates in lisbon may increase from between 5.4 and 6 per 100,000 in 1980-1998 to between 8.5 and 12.1 by the 2020s and to a maximum of 29.5 by the 2050s, if no adaptations occur. the ... | 2006 | 17185290 |
| novel acetylcholinesterase target site for malaria mosquito control. | current anticholinesterase pesticides were developed during world war ii and are toxic to mammals because they target a catalytic serine residue of acetylcholinesterases (aches) in insects and in mammals. a sequence analysis of aches from 73 species and a three-dimensional model of a malaria-carrying mosquito (anopheles gambiae) ache (agache) reported here show that c286 and r339 of agache are conserved at the opening of the active site of aches in 17 invertebrate and four insect species, respec ... | 2006 | 17183688 |
| isolation of rickettsia rhipicephali and rickettsia bellii from haemaphysalis juxtakochi ticks in the state of são paulo, brazil. | in the present study, attempts to isolate rickettsia in cell culture were performed individually in seven specimens of haemaphysalis juxtakochi ticks collected in the state of são paulo (southeastern brazil). rickettsia was successfully isolated by the shell vial technique and established in vero cell culture from six ticks (six isolates). dna extracted from infected cells of these isolates was tested by pcr and dna sequencing, using genus-specific rickettsia primers targeting the genes glta, ht ... | 2007 | 17142361 |
| infection of ixodes scapularis ticks with rickettsia monacensis expressing green fluorescent protein: a model system. | ticks (acari: ixodidae) are ubiquitous hosts of rickettsiae (rickettsiaceae: rickettsia), obligate intracellular bacteria that occur as a continuum from nonpathogenic arthropod endosymbionts to virulent pathogens of both arthropod vectors and vertebrates. visualization of rickettsiae in hosts has traditionally been limited to techniques utilizing fixed tissues. we report epifluorescence microscopy observations of unfixed tick tissues infected with a spotted fever group endosymbiont, rickettsia m ... | 2007 | 17125789 |
| molecular typing of novel rickettsia rickettsii isolates from arizona. | seven isolates of rickettsia rickettsii were obtained from a skin biopsy, two whole-blood specimens, and from rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks from eastern arizona. molecular typing of seven isolates of r. rickettsii and dna samples from two other rh. sanguineus ticks infected with r. rickettsii was conducted by pcr and dna sequencing of rompa and 12 variable-number tandem repeat regions (vntrs). all dna specimens from arizona were identical to each other and to reference human and dermacentor and ... | 2006 | 17114781 |
| spotted fever group rickettsial infection in dogs from eastern arizona: how long has it been there? | a serosurvey of free-roaming dogs for antibodies to spotted fever group rickettsiae was conducted using archival samples that had been collected in the white mountain region of eastern arizona during a plague study in 1996. immunoglobulin g antibodies to rickettsia rickettsii (5.1%) and to r. rhipicephali (3.6%) were demonstrated, and no cross-reactive samples were identified. this study indicates that r. rickettsii was likely present in the dog populations in this area prior to the recognition ... | 2006 | 17114769 |
| surveys on seroprevalence of canine monocytic ehrlichiosis among dogs living in the ivory coast and gabon and evaluation of a quick commercial test kit dot-elisa. | canine monocytic ehlichiosis (cme), an enzootic disease in africa, has been studied in canine blood samples (serum). these dogs, without any clinical sign of disease, were living in abidjan (ivory coast) and in several small villages located in northeasst gabon (ogooué ivindo). the results obtained by indirect fluorescent antibody (ifa) test, used as a point of reference, and by a quick test dot-elisa were compared. blood samples taken from 390 asymptomatic dogs in 2003 (137 in ivory coast and 2 ... | 2006 | 17114755 |
| first molecular detection of r. conorii, r. aeschlimannii, and r. massiliae in ticks from algeria. | ticks collected in northern algeria between may 2001 and november 2003 were tested by pcr for the presence of rickettsia spp. dna using primer amplifying glta and ompa genes. three different spotted fever group rickettsias were amplified from these ticks: r. conorii subsp. p. conorii strain malish in rhipicephalus sanguineus, r. aeschlimannii in hyalomma marginatum, and r. massiliae in rhipicephalus turanicus. our results confirm the presence of r. conorii in ticks in algeria and provide the fir ... | 2006 | 17114743 |
| an outbreak of rocky mountain spotted fever associated with a novel tick vector, rhipicephalus sanguineus, in arizona, 2004: preliminary report. | this study describes preliminary results of an investigation of rmsf in arizona associated with the brown dog tick, rhipicephalus sanguineus. high numbers of dogs and heavy infestations of ticks created a situation leading to human disease. | 2006 | 17114736 |
| rocky mountain spotted fever in arizona: documentation of heavy environmental infestations of rhipicephalus sanguineus at an endemic site. | a recent epidemiologic investigation identified 16 cases and 2 deaths from rocky mountain spotted fever (rmsf) in two eastern arizona communities. prevalence studies were conducted by collecting free-living ticks (acari: ixodidae) from the home sites of rmsf patients and from other home sites within the community. dry ice traps and flagging confirmed heavy infestations at many of the home sites. only rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks were identified and all developmental stages were detected. it is ... | 2006 | 17114735 |
| spotted fever group rickettsiae in ticks feeding on humans in northwestern spain: is rickettsia conorii vanishing? | during a 7-year study, we identified and analyzed by pcr 4,049 ticks removed from 3,685 asymptomatic patients in castilla y león (northwestern spain). a total of 320 ticks (belonging to 10 species) were pcr-positive for rickettsiae. comparison of amplicon sequences in databases enabled us to identify eight different spotted fever group (sfg) rickettsiae: rickettsia slovaca, rickettsia sp. irs3/irs4, r. massiliae/bar29, r. aeschlimannii, rickettsia sp. rpa4/dns14, r. helvetica, rickettsia sp. dms ... | 2006 | 17114733 |
| prevalence of spotted fever group rickettsia species detected in ticks in la rioja, spain. | our objective was to learn the prevalence of spotted fever group (sfg) rickettsia detected in ticks in la rioja, in the north of spain. from 2001 to 2005, 496 ticks representing 7 tick species were analysed at the hospital de la rioja. ticks were removed from humans with or without rickettsial syndrome (n = 59) or collected from mammals (n = 371) or from vegetation by dragging (n = 66). the presence of sfg rickettsia in these ticks was investigated by semi-nested pcr (ompa gene) and sequencing. ... | 2006 | 17114730 |
| boutonneuse fever and climate variability. | researchers have long appreciated the role of climate in vector-borne diseases, including the resurgence of boutonneuse fever (bf). portugal usually is classified as having temperate mediterranean climate. in this new century, in analyzing the data from the meteorology institute, this pattern has changed and an accentuated variability in climate is being observed. bf (febre escaro nodular) is endemic and high season is from late spring and summer. the brown dog tick rhipicephalus sanguineus. is ... | 2006 | 17114701 |
| epidemiology of rickettsioses in north africa. | the first description of mediterranean spotted fever (msf) was made by conor and brush in 1910 in tunisia, where, at the same time, nicolle described the role of lice in transmission of epidemic typhus. however, along this century, there have been few and fragmentary reports about ecology and epidemiology of rickettsioses in north africa. this region was always considered, for these diseases, like other mediterranean regions. the most human tick-borne rickettsiosis known to occur in north africa ... | 2006 | 17114678 |
| the complete mitochondrial genome of the sea spider nymphon gracile (arthropoda: pycnogonida). | mitochondrial genomes form units of genetic information replicating indepentently from nuclear genomes. sequence data (most often from protein-coding genes) and other features (gene order, rna secondary structure) of mitochondrial genomes are often used in phylogenetic studies of metazoan animals from population to phylum level. pycnogonids are primarily marine arthropods, often considered closely related to chelicerates (spiders, scorpions and allies). however, due to their aberrant morphology ... | 2006 | 17087824 |
| highly prevalent coxiella sp. bacterium in the tick vector amblyomma americanum. | laboratory-reared and field-collected amblyomma americanum ticks were hosts of a coxiella sp. and a rickettsia sp. while the coxiella sp. was detected in 50 of 50 field-collected ticks, the rickettsia sp. was absent from 32% of ticks. the coxiella sp. showed evidence of a reduced genome and may be an obligate endosymbiont. | 2007 | 17085709 |
| rickettsia massiliae in ticks removed from humans in castilla y león, spain. | 2006 | 17061097 | |
| differential clearance and immune responses to tick cell-derived versus macrophage culture-derived ehrlichia chaffeensis in mice. | human monocytic ehrlichiosis is caused by a tick-transmitted rickettsia, ehrlichia chaffeensis. we recently reported that e. chaffeensis grown in tick cells expresses different proteins than bacteria grown in macrophages. therefore, we tested the hypothesis that immune responses against e. chaffeensis would be different if the mice are challenged with bacteria grown in macrophages or tick cells. we assessed the e. chaffeensis clearance from the peritoneum, spleen, and liver by c57bl/6j mice usin ... | 2007 | 17060466 |
| evaluation of an imidacloprid (8.8% w/w)--permethrin (44.0% w/w) topical spot-on and a fipronil (9.8% w/w)--(s)-methoprene (8.8% w/w) topical spot-on to repel, prevent attachment, and kill adult rhipicephalus sanguineus and dermacentor variabilis ticks on dogs. | this study evaluated the effectiveness of two topical spot-on formulations, imidacloprid (8.8% w/w)--permethrin (44.0% w/w) and fipronil (9.8% w/w)--(s)-methoprene (8.8% w/w), to repel, prevent the attachment of, and kill adult rhipicephalus sanguineus and dermacentor variabilis on dogs. twelve purpose-bred beagles were distributed into three groups of four dogs each; one group served as untreated controls and each of the other two groups received one of the test products. dogs were exposed to 2 ... | 2006 | 17039441 |
| phylogenetic analysis of "candidatus mycoplasma turicensis" isolates from pet cats in the united kingdom, australia, and south africa, with analysis of risk factors for infection. | two hemotropic mycoplasmas have been recognized in cats, mycoplasma haemofelis and "candidatus mycoplasma haemominutum." we recently described a third feline hemoplasma species, designated "candidatus mycoplasma turicensis," in a swiss cat with hemolytic anemia. this isolate induced anemia after experimental transmission to two specific-pathogen-free cats and analysis of the 16s rrna gene revealed its close relationship to rodent hemotropic mycoplasmas. the agent was recently shown to be prevale ... | 2006 | 17035497 |
| molecular method for identification of rickettsia species in clinical and environmental samples. | we present a pcr method targeting the 23s-5s internal transcribed spacer coupled with reverse line blotting that allows rickettsia species detection and identification in a single step. the method is highly sensitive and specific in identifying rickettsia species from both patient and environmental samples. the generic approach used allowed us to identify new pathogens. | 2006 | 17035495 |
| babesia spp. identified by pcr in ticks collected from domestic and wild ruminants in southern switzerland. | concurrent infections with vector-borne pathogens affected a cattle herd in switzerland, and one of the pathogens was identified as babesia bigemina, which had never been observed in this country before. therefore, a survey of the occurrence of ruminant babesia spp. and their tick vectors in switzerland was conducted. a total of 2,017 ticks were collected from sheep, goats, cattle, and wild ruminants (deer, roe deer, and chamois) in southern parts of switzerland and identified morphologically. t ... | 2006 | 17021198 |
| rickettsial agents in egyptian ticks collected from domestic animals. | to assess the presence of rickettsial pathogens in ticks from egypt, we collected ticks from domestic and peridomestic animals between june 2002 and july 2003. dna extracts from 1019 ticks were tested, using pcr and sequencing, for anaplasma spp., bartonella spp., coxiella burnetii, ehrlichia spp., and rickettsia spp. ticks included: 29 argas persicus, 10 hyalomma anatolicum anatolicum, 55 hyalomma anatolicum excavatum, 174 hyalomma dromedarii, 2 hyalomma impeltatum, 3 hyalomma marginatum rufipe ... | 2006 | 17004028 |
| [study of foveae dorsales of nymphs and adults of four species of ticks (acari: ixodidae) by scanning electron microscopy]. | the foveae dorsalis, the external opening of the sex pheromone 2,6-dichlorophenol producer gland, of amblyomma cajennense, dermacentor nitens, rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus and rhipicephalus sanguineus was studied with scanning electron microscopy. at least three specimens from each stage: unfed larvae, nymphs, females and males, and females fed for 4 to 6 days were examined. the foveae dorsales were not observed in larvae and r. (b.) microplus males. the foveae dorsales were observed as p ... | 2006 | 16978471 |
| canine babesiosis: a brazilian perspective. | canine babesiosis is highly endemic in brazil, caused by babesia canis and babesia gibsoni, both transmitted by rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks. the present review argues for a more adequate method of characterizing the babesia species infecting dogs and cats in different brazilian endemic zones. it advocates for a comprehensive understanding of the biology of r. sanguineus ticks under brazilian conditions in order to define the more effective preventive strategies against canine babesiosis and c ... | 2006 | 16962707 |
| species diversity and seasonality of free-living ticks (acari: ixodidae) in the natural habitat of wild marsh deer (blastocerus dichotomus) in southeastern brazil. | this study evaluated the presence and seasonal activity of free-living ticks in remaining marsh areas by the paraná river, in brazil. eight field trips (once per season) for collection of ticks were performed during 2 years. using co2 traps, dragging, and visual inspection of vegetation, five free-living tick species were collected, in the following order of abundance: amblyomma cajennense, amblyomma dubitatum, amblyomma triste, amblyomma coelebs, and amblyomma nodosum. the seasonal pattern of a ... | 2007 | 16962241 |
| infection of human endothelial cells with spotted fever group rickettsiae stimulates cyclooxygenase 2 expression and release of vasoactive prostaglandins. | rickettsiae, a diverse group of obligately intracellular gram-negative bacteria, include etiologic agents of the spotted fever and typhus groups of diseases. rocky mountain spotted fever and boutonneuse fever, due to rickettsia rickettsii and r. conorii, respectively, are characterized by widespread infection of the vascular endothelium, microvascular injury, and vasculitis. cultured human endothelial cells (ec) are highly susceptible to infection and respond by altering the expression of adhesi ... | 2006 | 16926398 |
| isolation and identification of rickettsia massiliae from rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks collected in arizona. | twenty rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks collected in eastern arizona were tested by pcr assay to establish their infection rate with spotted fever group rickettsiae. with a nested pcr assay which detects a fragment of the rickettsia genus-specific 17-kda antigen gene (htra), five ticks (25%) were found to contain rickettsial dna. one rickettsial isolate was obtained from these ticks by inoculating a suspension of a triturated tick into monolayers of vero e6 monkey kidney cells and xtc-2 clawed toa ... | 2006 | 16885311 |
| dog tick-borne diseases in sicily. | in sicily many tick borne diseases are endemic, in particular way those that see like main carrier ticks that prefer, for their vital cycle, climatic conditions characterized by high temperatures and a warmth-humid atmosphere. the more important pathologies transmitted by ticks causing diseases in dogs are babesiosis and ehrlichiosis. borrelia burgdorferi, anaplasma phagocytophilum, rickettsia conorii, coxiella burnetii and tick transmitted encephalitis virus assume particular relevance because ... | 2006 | 16881419 |
| assessment of the efficacy of parasiticides for the control of tick infection in dogs under field conditions: what's new? | for their biological and ecological characteristics, ticks are vectors of the widest variety of pathogens causing tick-borne diseases (tbds). little information is available about the ways in which time spent by ticks to feed on hosts, transmission times and tbd prevention are related and it is exclusively limited to laboratory reports on adult stages. in particular, the time required by immature stages to transmit pathogens has not been determined for most tbds. considering their importance for ... | 2006 | 16881418 |
| epidemiology and clinical features of mediterranean spotted fever in italy. | mediterranean spotted fever is caused by rickettsia conorii and is transmitted to humans by rhipicephalus sanguineus, the common dog tick. it is characterized by the symptomatologic triad: fever, exanthema and "tache noire", the typical eschar at the site of the tick bite. in italy the most affected region is sicily. the seasonal peak of the disease (from june through september) occurs during maximal activity of immature stage ticks. severe forms of the disease have been reported in 6% of patien ... | 2006 | 16881414 |
| molecular characterization of anaplasma platys strains from dogs in sicily, italy. | the genetic diversity of anaplasma platys (rickettsiales: anaplasmataceae) strains is currently poorly defined. the present study was designed to characterize a. patys strains in dogs from palermo, sicily, italy, using a combination of pcr and sequence analysis of the 16s rdna, heat shock operon groesl and citrate synthase (glta) genes. | 2006 | 16872489 |
| [anaplasma phagocytophila and protozoans of babesia genus in dogs from endemic areas of lyme disease in north-western poland]. | infections caused by the spirochete borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato may be accompanied by other microorganisms, such as anaplasma, ehrlichia and babesia. these pathogens are transmitted by the ticks and are a risk to humans and animals. ixodes ricinus ticks collected from recreational areas of szczecin and northwestern poland contained dna of the pathogens mentioned above and cases of double and triple coinfection have been documented. the aim of this paper was to determine if dogs suspect to ti ... | 2004 | 16865968 |
| a case of histologically diagnosed tick infestation on the scalp of a korean child. | a scalp mass surgically excised from a 4-year-old korean boy was identified as a tick through histological observations. in sections of the mass, characteristic features of a tick, including its gross contour, cuticular structures, well developed musculature and salivary glands, and the capitulum, were discovered. in particular, the capitulum is anteriorly protruded, which strongly suggests that the specimen be a hard tick of family ixodidae. however, the present histological features were not e ... | 2006 | 16809965 |
| prevalence of theileria spp. infection in sheep in south khorasan province, iran. | the prevalence of theileria spp. infection was studied in sheep in the south khorasan province in iran from 2003 to 2004. a total of 840 sheep from 34 flocks were clinically examined and investigated for the presence of theileria spp. in the appropriate blood smears and any tick species on the body of the animals. in this study, 11.9% of sheep were infected with theileria spp., with a parasitemia of 0.02-0.1%. differences in the infection rates were statistically significant among different area ... | 2006 | 16730905 |
| [ixodes ricinus. health risks and approaches in prevention]. | ticks belong to the parasitical mites. there are more than 1000 different species worldwide which do need blood of warm-blooded organisms for their own development. as ticks are well known to be vectors of several pathogens which could cause insidious infectious diseases, they are important in human and veterinarian medicine as well. it is not possible to control ticks in nature. therefore the first step should be an effective prevention. in case of a bite the tick must be removed as soon as pos ... | 2006 | 16719260 |
| the genome of the obligately intracellular bacterium ehrlichia canis reveals themes of complex membrane structure and immune evasion strategies. | ehrlichia canis, a small obligately intracellular, tick-transmitted, gram-negative, alpha-proteobacterium, is the primary etiologic agent of globally distributed canine monocytic ehrlichiosis. complete genome sequencing revealed that the e. canis genome consists of a single circular chromosome of 1,315,030 bp predicted to encode 925 proteins, 40 stable rna species, 17 putative pseudogenes, and a substantial proportion of noncoding sequence (27%). interesting genome features include a large set o ... | 2006 | 16707693 |
| [evaluation of ectoparasites and hemoparasites in dogs kept in apartments and houses with yards in the city of juiz de fora, minas gerais, brazil]. | fleas and ticks transmit various pathogens while feeding on the blood of dogs. this study sought to verify the occurrence of ectoparasitism and hemoparasitism in dogs from two urban areas in the city of juiz de fora, minas gerais, brazil. between february and august 2003, 101 dogs were studied: 50 came from apartments in the downtown region and 51 from houses with grassy yards. the ectoparasites were collected and conserved in etanol 70%. the occurrence of hemoparasites was verified by examining ... | 2006 | 16646996 |
| rickettsia massiliae human isolation. | 2006 | 16634183 | |
| [characterization of rickettsia spp. circulating in a silent peri-urban focus for brazilian spotted fever in caratinga, minas gerais, brazil]. | the present study was intended to characterize rickettsia spp. circulating in arthropod vectors in caratinga, minas gerais, brazil, by pcr and to investigate the presence of antibodies against the spotted fever rickettsiae group (sfrg) in dogs and horses. 2,610 arthropods were collected and taxonomically identified. dna samples obtained from these vectors were submitted to pcr and cycle-sequenced. ctenocephalides and amblyomma cajennense showed sequences presenting 100.0% homology with r. felis. ... | 2006 | 16583093 |
| mediterranean spotted fever: clinical and laboratory characteristics of 415 sicilian children. | mediterranean spotted fever (msf) is an acute febrile, zoonotic disease caused by rickettsia conorii and transmitted to humans by the brown dogtick rhipicephalus sanguineus. nearly four hundred cases are reported every year (mainly from june to september) on the italian island of sicily. the aim of the study was to analyze the clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients with msf and the efficacy of the drugs administered. | 2006 | 16553943 |
| ticks infesting livestock on farms in western sicily, italy. | the results of a 2-year survey on ticks infesting livestock on farms in western sicily, italy, are reported. several dogs living in the same area were also examined for ticks. moreover, free-living ticks from one cattle farm were caught by co(2) traps and flagging. a total of 6208 specimens was collected belonging to 9 species: rhipicephalus bursa (32.4%), rhipicephalus turanicus (22.7%), rhipicephalus sanguineus (19.3%), hyalomma lusitanicum (12.0%), haemaphysalis punctata (7.8%), hyalomma marg ... | 2006 | 16550337 |
| genetic diversity of the q fever agent, coxiella burnetii, assessed by microarray-based whole-genome comparisons. | coxiella burnetii, a gram-negative obligate intracellular bacterium, causes human q fever and is considered a potential agent of bioterrorism. distinct genomic groups of c. burnetii are revealed by restriction fragment-length polymorphisms (rflp). here we comprehensively define the genetic diversity of c. burnetii by hybridizing the genomes of 20 rflp-grouped and four ungrouped isolates from disparate sources to a high-density custom affymetrix genechip containing all open reading frames (orfs) ... | 2006 | 16547017 |
| synergistic effect of silencing the expression of tick protective antigens 4d8 and rs86 in rhipicephalus sanguineus by rna interference. | tick proteins have been shown to be useful for the development of vaccines which reduce tick infestations. potential tick protective antigens have been identified and characterized, in part, by use of rna interference (rnai). rnai allows for analysis of gene function by characterizing the impact of loss of gene expression on tick physiology. herein, we used rnai in rhipicephalus sanguineus to evaluate gene functions of two tick protective antigens, 4d8 and rs86, the homologue of bm86, on tick in ... | 2006 | 16518610 |
| prevalence, risk factor analysis, and follow-up of infections caused by three feline hemoplasma species in cats in switzerland. | recently, a third novel feline hemotropic mycoplasma sp. (aka hemoplasma), "candidatus mycoplasma turicensis," in a cat with hemolytic anemia has been described. this is the first study to investigate the prevalence, clinical manifestations, and risk factors for all three feline hemoplasma infections in a sample of 713 healthy and ill swiss cats using newly designed quantitative real-time pcr assays. "candidatus mycoplasma haemominutum" infection was detected in 7.0% and 8.7% and mycoplasma haem ... | 2006 | 16517884 |
| canine babesiosis in france. | canine babesiosis has a high prevalence in france and continues to constitute a diagnostic challenge. this paper presents essential data derived from epidemiological surveys in order to define the main features of this disease. atypical forms are frequent, the diagnosis must be confirmed by blood smears and treatment is based on the use of imidocarb. prophylaxis currently remains insufficient. | 2006 | 16507334 |
| rhipicephalus sanguineus (acari: ixodidae), the brown dog tick, parasitizing humans in brazil. | the objective of this paper is to describe four cases of human parasitism by rhipicephalus sanguineus (latrielle) in brazil. during an investigation regarding the species of ectoparasites of domestic dogs from the metropolitan region of recife, pernambuco state, four dog owners were found to be parasitized by ticks. the ticks were collected from these individuals and their dogs. all the ticks were identified as rhipicephalus sanguineus . these are, to our knowledge, the first four cases of human ... | 2006 | 16501769 |
| rickettsia africae in the west indies. | rickettsia africae is the agent of african tick-bite fever, a mild but common disease of local persons and tourists in africa. the major vector of this spotted fever group rickettsia is most likely amblyomma variegatum, the tropical bont tick, which has become widely distributed through the west indies in the last 30 years. this report reviews all available information on r. africae in the west indies. | 2006 | 16494746 |
| influence of season and host age on wild boar parasites in corsica using indicator species analysis. | the indicator value (ind val) method which combines measures of fidelity and specificity has been used in a study on wild boar parasites in corsica during 2001-2003. because of its resilience to changes in abundance, indval is a particularly effective tool for ecological bioindication. the ind val method showed how season can influence the occurrence of parasite species in the wild boar, and also identified parasites as bioindicators relative to host age. the randomization test identified five p ... | 2006 | 16469171 |
| [ixodidae ticks in bishkek]. | the fauna of ixodidae ticks was studied in bishkek in 1998-2004. the city is situated in the center of the chuisk valley, at the foot of the kirghiz ridge, at the boundary of a submountain-plain-arid region and a plain-piedmont-semiarid one with steppe fragments. the ticks were gathered on a flag from small mammalians caught by gero traps, from birds, domestic and agricultural animals. a total of 648 animals of 13 species were examined. the bites of ticks were registered in 98 persons in the cit ... | 2005 | 16445237 |
| ticks, ivermectin, and experimental chagas disease. | following an infestation of dogticks in kennels housing dogs used for long-term studies of the pathogenesis of chagas disease, we examined the effect of ivermectin treatment on the dogs, ticks, trypanosome parasites, and also on triatomine vectors of chagas disease. ivermectin treatment was highly effective in eliminating the ticks, but showed no apparent effect on the dogs nor on their trypanosome infection. triatominae fed on the dogs soon after ivermectin treatment showed high mortality, but ... | 2006 | 16444412 |
| a study of ectoparasites of canis lupus familiaris in mueang district, khon kaen, thailand. | we studied ectoparasites found on canis lupus familiaris sampled in five areas in mueang district, khon kaen province, thailand. the prevalence of fleas and ticks as well as their density were determined in 100 dogs that did not receive treatments. a total number of 458 ectoparasites was found corresponding to two species: 25.8% ctenocephalides canis and 74.2% rhipicephalus sanguineus. r. sanguineus was the most abundant species, and ct. canis was the only flea species found. the stages of r. sa ... | 2005 | 16438201 |
| new diseases and increased risk of diseases in companion animals and horses due to transport. | dogs and horses are transported within the european union for a number of reasons. the transport per se may cause physical problems, exemplified by hyperthermia in dogs and pleuropneumonia in horses, and the stress may reactivate latent infections such as canine herpesvirus-1 and equine herpesvirus-1. preventive treatments are vital to protect dogs from ticks and mosquitoes transmitting their potentially lethal infectious agents, such as leishmania donovani infantum, babesia canis, ehrlichia can ... | 2003 | 16429803 |
| experimental infection models of ticks of the rhipicephalus sanguineus group with rickettsia conorii. | rhipicephalus sanguineus group ticks collected on dogs in thailand were maintained in the laboratory over several generations to test methods to infect these ticks with rickettsia conorii, the agent of mediterranean spotted fever. three methods were tested: (1) infection of adults and nymphs through artificially induced bacteremic rabbit, (2) capillary feeding of solution containing 5 x 10(3) and 5 x 10(5)pfu/ml of r. conorii to adult female ticks, and (3) immersion of engorged nymphs which were ... | 2005 | 16417432 |
| an unexpected inhibitory activity of kunitz-type serine proteinase inhibitor derived from boophilus microplus trypsin inhibitor on cathepsin l. | several bpti-kunitz-type serine proteinase inhibitors were described in tick boophilus microplus and rhipicephalus sanguineus species. in this work, we present a synthetic gene based on two tick bpti-kunitz-type serine proteinase inhibitors, the first domain of b. microplus trypsin inhibitor-a (bmti-a) and the carrapatin, the inhibitors were named bmtisint and bmtisint mut. our present results showed that bmtisint and bmtisint mut inhibited trypsin (k(i) 3.3 and 1.0 nm) and human plasma kallikre ... | 2006 | 16414023 |
| presence of rickettsia conorii subsp. israelensis, the causative agent of israeli spotted fever, in sicily, italy, ascertained in a retrospective study. | a retrospective analysis by molecular-sequence-based techniques was performed to correctly identify the etiological agent of 24 mediterranean spotted fever cases occurring in western sicily, italy, from 1987 to 2001. restriction analysis of a 632-bp pcr-amplified portion of the ompa gene allowed presumptive identification of five clinical isolates as belonging to rickettsia conorii subsp. israelensis, the etiological agent of israeli spotted fever (isf). the remaining 19 rickettsial isolates wer ... | 2005 | 16333093 |
| histopathology of tick-bite lesions in naturally infested capybaras (hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) in brazil. | in the present work features of tick-bite lesions were evaluated in capybaras naturally infested with amblyomma cajennense and amblyomma dubitatum ticks. gross appearance of tick bite site was characterized by a mild swelling and erythema. microscopic examination revealed the cement cone, a tube-like homogenous eosinophilic mass penetrating deep into the dermis. this structure was surrounded in the dermis by a cellular infiltrate and free eosinophilic granules and was associated to edema of vari ... | 2005 | 16323054 |
| some observations on ticks (acari: ixodidae) infesting sheep in river nile province of northern sudan. | five species of ixodid ticks were found in a cross-sectional survey in which 200 sheep were examined for ticks in river nile province, sudan. hyalomma anatolicum anatolicum was the predominant species (73.6%), whereas ticks belonging to the rhipicephalus sanguineus group (14.7%), rhipicephalus evertsi evertsi (9.1%), rhipicephalus simus (2%) and hyalomma dromedarii (0.5%) were also found. the mean tick load was 11.2 per animal. in a subsequent longitudinal survey ticks were collected on a monthl ... | 2005 | 16300192 |
| detection of babesia canis rossi, b. canis vogeli, and hepatozoon canis in dogs in a village of eastern sudan by using a screening pcr and sequencing methodologies. | babesia and hepatozoon infections of dogs in a village of eastern sudan were analyzed by using a single pcr and sequencing. among 78 dogs, 5 were infected with babesia canis rossi and 2 others were infected with b. canis vogeli. thirty-three dogs were positive for hepatozoon. hepatozoon canis was detected by sequence analysis. | 2005 | 16275954 |
| cerebral infarction: an unusual complication of mediterranean spotted fever. | mediterranean spotted fever is a rickettsiosis caused by rickettsia conorii and transmitted by the brown dog tick. it is considered as a benign disease but 5% to 10% of patients present with a malignant form which is the result of a diffuse vasculitis. we report here the first case of mediterranean spotted fever with cerebral vasculitis and thrombosis leading to a massive cerebral infarct and death. | 2005 | 16275553 |
| [in vitro pathogenicity of fungic formulation on nymphs and adults of rhipicephalus sanguineus (latreile, 1806) (acari:ixodidae)]. | rhipicephalus sanguineus is responsible for transmitting several pathogenic agents, such as: babesia sp. and ehrlichia sp.. this species is known as the brown dog tick and has wide geographical distribution. the purpose of this work was to evaluate the pathogenicity of biological formulations of beauveria bassiana and metarhizium anisopliae applied to the fed nymphs and adults of r. sanguineus under laboratory conditions. the following treatments were evaluated: control, distilled water with twe ... | 2005 | 16229753 |
| tick-borne rickettsioses around the world: emerging diseases challenging old concepts. | during most of the 20th century, the epidemiology of tick-borne rickettsioses could be summarized as the occurrence of a single pathogenic rickettsia on each continent. an element of this paradigm suggested that the many other characterized and noncharacterized rickettsiae isolated from ticks were not pathogenic to humans. in this context, it was considered that relatively few tick-borne rickettsiae caused human disease. this concept was modified extensively from 1984 through 2005 by the identif ... | 2005 | 16223955 |
| [distribution and control of acari as vectors of human disease in urban population of moscow]. | human ectoparasites, such as itch mites and the follicular mites demodex brevis and d. folliculorum are notified on the territory of moscow. the bird and rodent mites ornythonyssus bacoti and the larvae of harvest mites may attack human beings indoors. the ticks ixodes ricinus and i. persulcatus begin to inhabit the tree belts and environs of moscow and other cities and towns. in the cities and towns of more southern regions of the russian federation, the red hen-mites dermanyssus gallinae are a ... | 2005 | 16212087 |