Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| contact-dependent growth inhibition toxins exploit multiple independent cell-entry pathways. | contact-dependent growth inhibition (cdi) systems function to deliver toxins into neighboring bacterial cells. cdi+ bacteria export filamentous cdia effector proteins, which extend from the inhibitor-cell surface to interact with receptors on neighboring target bacteria. upon binding its receptor, cdia delivers a toxin derived from its c-terminal region. cdia c-terminal (cdia-ct) sequences are highly variable between bacteria, reflecting the multitude of cdi toxin activities. here, we show that ... | 2015 | 26305955 |
| acquisition of the lac operon by salmonella enterica. | classical bacteriological characteristics of salmonella enterica indicate that the members of this species are unable to utilize lactose as a carbon source. however, lactose-fermenting (lac+) strains of several salmonella serovars have been isolated from different foodborne outbreaks as well as different geographical regions worldwide. in the present study, we sequenced the genomes of 13 lac + s. enterica isolates and characterized the lac region, comparing it to the lac region in other enteric ... | 2015 | 26303940 |
| minimal peptidoglycan (pg) turnover in wild-type and pg hydrolase and cell division mutants of streptococcus pneumoniae d39 growing planktonically and in host-relevant biofilms. | we determined whether there is turnover of the peptidoglycan (pg) cell wall of the ovococcus bacterial pathogen streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus). pulse-chase experiments on serotype 2 strain d39 radiolabeled with n-acetylglucosamine revealed little turnover and release of pg breakdown products during growth compared to published reports of pg turnover in bacillus subtilis. pg dynamics were visualized directly by long-pulse-chase-new-labeling experiments using two colors of fluorescent d-a ... | 2015 | 26303829 |
| dissemination of carbapenemase-producing enterobacteriaceae and pseudomonas aeruginosa in romania. | fifteen carbapenemase-producing enterobacteriaceae isolates and 12 carbapenemase-producing pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates were recovered from patients hospitalized between august 2011 and march 2013 at the hospital of infectious disease, cluj-napoca, romania. one kpc-, nine ndm-1-, four oxa-48-, and one vim-4-producing enterobacteriaceae isolates along with 11 vim-2-producing and one imp-13-producing p. aeruginosa isolates were recovered from clinical samples. all carbapenemase genes were locat ... | 2015 | 26303798 |
| maldi-tof mass spectrometry: an emerging technology for microbial identification and diagnosis. | currently microorganisms are best identified using 16s rrna and 18s rrna gene sequencing. however, in recent years matrix assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tof ms) has emerged as a potential tool for microbial identification and diagnosis. during the maldi-tof ms process, microbes are identified using either intact cells or cell extracts. the process is rapid, sensitive, and economical in terms of both labor and costs involved. the technology has been r ... | 2015 | 26300860 |
| kpc and vim producing enterobacter cloacae strain from a hospital in northeastern venezuela. | an 83-year-old male patient is admitted to the central hospital in cumana, venezuela with severe urinary infection, history of hospitalizaions and prolonged antimicrobial treatments. a strain of enterobacter cloacae was isolated showing resistance to multiple types of antibiotics (only sensitive to gentamicin), with phenotype of serine- and metallo-carbapenemases. both, bla(vim-2) and bla(kpc) genes were detected in the isolate. this is the first report of an enterobacteriaceae species producing ... | 2015 | 26299058 |
| enterobacter muelleri sp. nov., isolated from the rhizosphere of zea mays. | a beige-pigmented, oxidase-negative bacterial strain (jm-458t), isolated from a rhizosphere sample, was studied using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. cells of the isolate were rod-shaped and stained gram-negative. a comparison of the 16s rrna gene sequence of strain jm-458t with sequences of the type strains of closely related species of the genus enterobacter showed that it shared highest sequence similarity with enterobacter mori (98.7 %), enterobacter hormaechei (98.3 %), enterobacter cloaca ... | 2015 | 26294947 |
| indirect tris-edta disk testing using imipenem and meropenem for detection of oxa-48 carbapenemase production. | 2015 | 26292309 | |
| hyperammonemia in urinary tract infections. | the present study investigated the incidence of hyperammonemia in urinary tract infections and explored the utility of urinary obstruction relief and antimicrobial administration to improve hyperammonemia. | 2015 | 26292215 |
| effect of culture-independent diagnostic tests on future emerging infections program surveillance. | the centers for disease control and prevention emerging infections program (eip) network conducts population-based surveillance for pathogens of public health importance. central to obtaining estimates of disease burden and tracking microbiological characteristics of these infections is accurate laboratory detection of pathogens. the use of culture-independent diagnostic tests (cidts) in clinical settings presents both opportunities and challenges to eip surveillance. because cidts offer better ... | 2015 | 26291736 |
| the anti-inflammatory and antibacterial action of nanocrystalline silver and manuka honey on the molecular alternation of diabetic foot ulcer: a comprehensive literature review. | honey and silver have been used since ancient times for treating wounds. their widespread clinical application has attracted attention in light of the increasing prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. while there have been a number of studies exploring the anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effects of manuka honey and nanocrystalline silver, their advantages and limitations with regard to the treatment of chronic wounds remain a subject of debate. the aim of this paper is to examine the e ... | 2015 | 26290672 |
| multicenter study of combination dep regimen as a salvage therapy for adult refractory hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. | hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (hlh) is a refractory immune disorder with a significant risk of death. although standard therapy has dramatically improved survival in hlh patients, approximately 30%, especially adults, show no response to current treatment strategies. this prospective study aimed to investigate the efficacy of liposomal doxorubicin treatment combined with etoposide and methylprednisolone (doxorubicin-etoposide-methylprednisolone; dep) as a salvage therapy for adult refractor ... | 2015 | 26289641 |
| the β-lactams strike back: ceftazidime-avibactam. | gram-negative resistance has reached a crucial point, with emergence of pathogens resistant to most or all available antibiotics. ceftazidime-avibactam is a newly approved agent combining ceftazidime and a novel β-lactamase inhibitor with activity against multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria. avibactam has increased potency and expanded spectrum of inhibition of class a and c β-lactamases relative to available β-lactamase inhibitors, including extended-spectrum β-lactamases, ampc, and kleb ... | 2015 | 26289307 |
| marine indole alkaloids. | marine indole alkaloids comprise a large and steadily growing group of secondary metabolites. their diverse biological activities make many compounds of this class attractive starting points for pharmaceutical development. several marine-derived indoles were found to possess cytotoxic, antineoplastic, antibacterial and antimicrobial activities, in addition to the action on human enzymes and receptors. the newly isolated indole alkaloids of marine origin since the last comprehensive review in 200 ... | 2015 | 26287214 |
| il-21 and probiotic therapy improve th17 frequencies, microbial translocation, and microbiome in arv-treated, siv-infected macaques. | increased mortality in antiretroviral (arv)-treated, hiv-infected individuals has been attributed to persistent immune dysfunction, in part due to abnormalities at the gastrointestinal barrier. in particular, the poor reconstitution of gastrointestinal th17 cells correlates with residual translocation of dysbiotic, immunostimulatory microflora across a compromised intestinal epithelial barrier. we have previously demonstrated that oral probiotics promote increased intestinal cd4(+) t-cell recons ... | 2015 | 26286233 |
| il-21 and probiotic therapy improve th17 frequencies, microbial translocation, and microbiome in arv-treated, siv-infected macaques. | increased mortality in antiretroviral (arv)-treated, hiv-infected individuals has been attributed to persistent immune dysfunction, in part due to abnormalities at the gastrointestinal barrier. in particular, the poor reconstitution of gastrointestinal th17 cells correlates with residual translocation of dysbiotic, immunostimulatory microflora across a compromised intestinal epithelial barrier. we have previously demonstrated that oral probiotics promote increased intestinal cd4(+) t-cell recons ... | 2015 | 26286233 |
| extended-spectrum β-lactamases and/or carbapenemases-producing enterobacteriaceae isolated from retail chicken meat in zagazig, egypt. | the aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence and to characterize extended-spectrum β-lactamases- and/or carbapenemases-producing enterobacteriaceae among enterobacteriaceae isolated from retail chicken meat in zagazig, egypt. | 2015 | 26284654 |
| interplay among membrane-bound lytic transglycosylase d1, the crebc two-component regulatory system, the ampng-ampdi-nagz-ampr regulatory circuit, and l1/l2 β-lactamase expression in stenotrophomonas maltophilia. | lytic transglycosylases (lts) are an important class of enzymes involved in peptidoglycan (pg) cleavage, with the concomitant formation of an intramolecular 1,6-anhydromuramoyl reaction product. there are six annotated lt genes in the stenotrophomonas maltophilia genome, including genes for five membrane-bound lts (mlta, mltb1, mltb2, mltd1, and mltd2) and a gene for soluble lt (slt). six lts of s. maltophilia kj were systematically mutated, yielding the δmlta, δmltb1, δmltb2, δmltd1, δmltd2, an ... | 2015 | 26282431 |
| emergence of raoultella ornithinolytica coproducing imp-4 and kpc-2 carbapenemases in china. | we report here the emergence of seven imp-4-producing raoultella ornithinolytica isolates obtained from one patient. all isolates carried the blaimp-4 carbapenemase gene, five isolates also carried blashv-12, four contained blatem-1, and one contained blaoxa-1. notably, the r. ornithinolytica isolate ro25724 also expressed klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (kpc)-2. the blakpc-2 gene was located on a tn3-tn4401 integration structure on a plasmid of ∼450 kb. this is the first description of the ... | 2015 | 26282422 |
| outbreak caused by enterobacteriaceae harboring ndm-1 metallo-β-lactamase carried in an incfii plasmid in a tertiary care hospital in mexico city. | carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae carrying new delhi metallo-β-lactamase 1 (ndm-1) have rarely been reported in latin america. we report of an outbreak caused by a blandm-1-harboring plasmid spread through different bacterial species, including escherichia coli (st617) and enterobacter cloacae (st182) isolates from the same patient and three klebsiella pneumoniae isolates (st22) derived from three epidemiologically related patients. incfii plasmids were found in all strains. measures to co ... | 2015 | 26282410 |
| spontaneous bacterial and fungal infections in genetically engineered mice: is escherichia coli an emerging pathogen in laboratory mouse? | the impact of particular microbes on genetically engineered mice depends on the genotype and the environment. infections resulting in clinical disease have an obvious impact on animal welfare and experimentation. in this study, we investigated the bacterial and fungal aetiology of spontaneous clinical disease of infectious origin among the genetically engineered mice from our institution in relation to their genotype. a total of 63 mice belonging to 33 different mice strains, from severe immunod ... | 2015 | 26281439 |
| delta neutrophil index as a marker for differential diagnosis between acute graft pyelonephritis and acute graft rejection. | the delta neutrophil index (dni) is the fraction of circulating immature granulocytes, which reflect infectious and/or septic condition. acute graft pyelonephritis (agpn) versus acute graft rejection is a frequently encountered diagnostic and therapeutic dilemma in kidney transplant recipients, but little is known about the clinical usefulness of dni value in the differentiation of the two conditions. | 2015 | 26275220 |
| heme signaling impacts global gene expression, immunity and dengue virus infectivity in aedes aegypti. | blood-feeding mosquitoes are exposed to high levels of heme, the product of hemoglobin degradation. heme is a pro-oxidant that influences a variety of cellular processes. we performed a global analysis of heme-regulated aedes aegypti (yellow fever mosquito) transcriptional changes to better understand influence on mosquito physiology at the molecular level. we observed an iron- and reactive oxygen species (ros)-independent signaling induced by heme that comprised genes related to redox metabolis ... | 2015 | 26275150 |
| long-term evaluation of the antimicrobial susceptibility and microbial profile of subgingival biofilms in individuals with aggressive periodontitis. | this study evaluates the antimicrobial susceptibility and composition of subgingival biofilms in generalized aggressive periodontitis (gap) patients treated using mechanical/antimicrobial therapies, including chlorhexidine (chx), amoxicillin (amx) and metronidazole (met). gap patients allocated to the placebo (c, n = 15) or test group (t, n = 16) received full-mouth disinfection with chx, scaling and root planning, and systemic amx (500 mg)/met (250 mg) or placebos. subgingival plaque samples we ... | 2015 | 26273264 |
| 16s rrna gene sequence-based identification of bacteria in automatically incubated blood culture materials from tropical sub-saharan africa. | the quality of microbiological diagnostic procedures depends on pre-analytic conditions. we compared the results of 16s rrna gene pcr and sequencing from automatically incubated blood culture materials from tropical ghana with the results of cultural growth after automated incubation. | 2015 | 26270631 |
| characterization of foodborne outbreaks of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis with whole-genome sequencing single nucleotide polymorphism-based analysis for surveillance and outbreak detection. | salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis is a significant cause of gastrointestinal illness in the united states; however, current molecular subtyping methods lack resolution for this highly clonal serovar. advances in next-generation sequencing technologies have made it possible to examine whole-genome sequencing (wgs) as a potential molecular subtyping tool for outbreak detection and source trace back. here, we conducted a retrospective analysis of s. enteritidis isolates from seven epidemiolog ... | 2015 | 26269623 |
| inhibitory effects of lactobacillus fermentum on microbial growth and biofilm formation. | beneficial effects of lactobacilli have been reported, and lactic bacteria are employed for conservation of foods. therefore, the effects of a lactobacillus fermentum strain were analyzed regarding inhibitory effects on staphylococci, candida albicans and enterotoxigenic enterobacteria by transmission electron microscopy (tem). tem of bacterial biofilms was performed using cocultures of bacteriocin-producing l. fermentum 97 with different enterotoxigenic strains: staphylococcus epidermidis expre ... | 2015 | 26267163 |
| acute acalculous cholecystitis complicating chemotherapy for acute myeloblastic leukemia. | acute acalculous cholecystitis is a rare complication in the treatment of acute myeloblastic leukemia. diagnosis of acute acalculous cholecystitis remains difficult during neutropenic period. we present two acute myeloblastic leukemia patients that developed acute acalculous cholecystitis during chemotherapy-induced neutropenia. they suffered from fever, vomiting and acute pain in the epigastrium. ultrasound demonstrated an acalculous gallbladder. surgical management was required in one patient ... | 2015 | 26266093 |
| influence of rhizobacterial volatiles on the root system architecture and the production and allocation of biomass in the model grass brachypodium distachyon (l.) p. beauv. | plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria are increasingly being seen as a way of complementing conventional inputs in agricultural systems. the effects on their host plants are diverse and include volatile-mediated growth enhancement. this study sought to assess the effects of bacterial volatiles on the biomass production and root system architecture of the model grass brachypodium distachyon (l.) beauv. | 2015 | 26264238 |
| new delhi metallo-β-lactamase 1(ndm-1), the dominant carbapenemase detected in carbapenem-resistant enterobacter cloacae from henan province, china. | the emergence of new delhi metallo-β-lactamase 1 (ndm-1) has become established as a major public health threat and represents a new challenge in the treatment of infectious diseases. in this study, we report a high incidence and endemic spread of ndm-1-producing carbapenem-resistant enterobacter cloacae isolates in henan province, china. eight (72.7%) out of eleven non-duplicated carbapenem-resistant e. cloacae isolates collected between june 2011 and may 2013 were identified as ndm-1 positive. ... | 2015 | 26263489 |
| a qpcr and multiplex pyrosequencing assay combined with automated data processing for rapid and unambiguous detection of esbl-producers enterobacteriaceae. | rapid and specific detection of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing (esbl) bacteria is crucial both for timely antibiotic therapy when treating infected patients as well as for appropriate infection control measures aimed at curbing the spread of esbl-producing isolates. whereas a variety of phenotypic methods are currently available for esbl detection, they remain time consuming and sometimes difficult to interpret while being also affected by a lack of sensitivity and specificity. consider ... | 2015 | 26260895 |
| professional acquisition of m. bovis in calabria region (southern italy): a challenging case of osteomyelitis in a migrant patient from bulgaria. | we report herein the first case of a coinfection with brucella spp., m. bovis, and enterobacter cloacae in a butcher who moved from bulgaria to italy. molecular typing suggested professional acquisition of m. bovis in italy. so, surveillance and preventive measures need to be implemented. | 2015 | 26257970 |
| norovirus immunology: of mice and mechanisms. | noroviruses (novs) are the most common cause of sporadic and epidemic gastroenteritis in the united states and europe and are responsible for 20% of acute gastroenteritis worldwide. over the past decade, the understanding of nov immunology has grown immensely. studies of the natural immune response to nov in humans and animal models have laid the foundation for innovations in cell culture systems for nov and development of new therapeutics. evidence from animal models, nov surrogates, observatio ... | 2015 | 26256101 |
| a new oxolane from enterobacter cloacae. | enterobacter cloacae is a highly pathogenic gram-negative proteobacterium which is responsible for a wide array of infections. in the present study, the fermentation culture of e. cloacae has yielded one new oxolane compound, rimboxo (1) in addition to three known compounds, i.e. maculosine (2), phenylacetic acid (3) and methyl myristate (4). these compounds were isolated and characterised using extensive chromatographic and spectroscopic methods, and were subjected to cytotoxicity evaluations. | 2016 | 26252083 |
| complete genome sequence of enterobacter cloacae uw5, a rhizobacterium capable of high levels of indole-3-acetic acid production. | we report the complete genome sequence of enterobacter cloacae uw5, an indole-3-acetic acid-producing rhizobacterium originally isolated from the rhizosphere of grass. the 4.9-mbp genome has a g+c content of 54% and contains 4,496 protein-coding sequences. | 2015 | 26251488 |
| characterization of a novel putative xer-dependent integrative mobile element carrying the bla(nmc-a) carbapenemase gene, inserted into the chromosome of members of the enterobacter cloacae complex. | an enterobacter ludwigii strain was isolated during routine screening of a japanese patient for carriage of carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae. pcr analysis revealed the blanmc-a carbapenemase gene. whole-genome sequencing revealed that blanmc-a was inserted in the chromosome and associated with a novel 29.1-kb putative xer-dependent integrative mobile element, named eludimex-1. bioinformatic analysis identified similar elements in the genomes of an enterobacter asburiae strain and of other ... | 2015 | 26248383 |
| characterization of an enterobacter cloacae strain producing both kpc and ndm carbapenemases by whole-genome sequencing. | a carbapenem-resistant enterobacter cloacae strain, wchecl-14653, causing a fatal bloodstream infection, was characterized by genome sequencing and conjugation experiments. the strain carried two carbapenemase genes, blandm-1 and blakpc-2, on separate incf plasmids. the coexistence of blandm-1 and blakpc-2 conferred slightly higher-level carbapenem resistance compared with that of blandm-1 or blakpc-2 alone, and the coexistence of two incf plasmids may generate new platforms for spreading carbap ... | 2015 | 26248381 |
| antimicrobial peptide novicidin synergizes with rifampin, ceftriaxone, and ceftazidime against antibiotic-resistant enterobacteriaceae in vitro. | the spread of antibiotic resistance among gram-negative bacteria is a serious clinical threat, and infections with these organisms are a leading cause of mortality worldwide. traditional novel drug development inevitably leads to the emergence of new resistant strains, rendering the new drugs ineffective. therefore, reviving the therapeutic potentials of existing antibiotics represents an attractive novel strategy. novicidin, a novel cationic antimicrobial peptide, is effective against gram-nega ... | 2015 | 26248380 |
| photophysical and antibacterial properties of complex systems based on smectite, a cationic surfactant and methylene blue. | solid or colloidal materials with embedded photosensitizers are promising agents from the medical or environmental perspective, where the direct use of photoactive solutions appears to be problematic. colloids based on layered silicates of the saponite (sap) and montmorillonite (mon) type, including those modified with dodecylammonium cations (c12) and photosensitizer--methylene blue (mb) were studied. two representatives of bacteria, namely enterobacter cloacae and escherichia coli, were select ... | 2015 | 26248233 |
| xander: employing a novel method for efficient gene-targeted metagenomic assembly. | metagenomics can provide important insight into microbial communities. however, assembling metagenomic datasets has proven to be computationally challenging. current methods often assemble only fragmented partial genes. | 2015 | 26246894 |
| efficacy of antibiotics sprayed into surgical site for prevention of the contamination in the spinal surgery. | retrospective study. | 2015 | 26240708 |
| maldi-tof ms as a tool to detect a nosocomial outbreak of extended-spectrum-β-lactamase- and arma methyltransferase-producing enterobacter cloacae clinical isolates in algeria. | enterobacter cloacae is among the most important pathogens responsible for nosocomial infections and outbreaks. in this study, 77 enterobacter isolates were collected: 27 isolates from algerian hospitals (in constantine, annaba, and skikda) and 50 isolates from marseille, france. all strains were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tof ms). antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed by the disk diffusion method. pcr was used to d ... | 2015 | 26239991 |
| comparison of infectious agents susceptibility to photocatalytic effects of nanosized titanium and zinc oxides: a practical approach. | nanotechnology contributes towards a more effective eradication of pathogens that have emerged in hospitals, veterinary clinics, and food processing plants and that are resistant to traditional drugs or disinfectants. since new methods of pathogens eradication must be invented and implemented, nanotechnology seems to have become the response to that acute need. a remarkable achievement in this field of science was the creation of self-disinfecting surfaces that base on advanced oxidation process ... | 2015 | 26239879 |
| kinetic and structural characterization of the interaction of 6-methylidene penem 2 with the β-lactamase from mycobacterium tuberculosis. | mycobacterium tuberculosis is intrinsically resistant to most β-lactam antibiotics because of the constitutive expression of the blac-encoded β-lactamase. this enzyme has extremely high activity against penicillins and cephalosporins, but weaker activity against carbapenems. the enzyme can be inhibited by clavulanate, avibactam, and boronic acids. in this study, we investigated the ability of 6-methylidene β-lactams to inhibit blac. one such compound, penem 2, inhibited blac more than 70 times m ... | 2015 | 26237118 |
| diversity and global distribution of incl/m plasmids enabling horizontal dissemination of β-lactam resistance genes among the enterobacteriaceae. | antibiotic resistance determinants are frequently associated with plasmids and other mobile genetic elements, which simplifies their horizontal transmission. several groups of plasmids (including replicons of the incl/m incompatibility group) were found to play an important role in the dissemination of resistance genes encoding β-lactamases. the incl/m plasmids are large, broad host range, and self-transmissible replicons. we have identified and characterized two novel members of this group: par ... | 2015 | 26236726 |
| pathogens protection against the action of disinfectants in multispecies biofilms. | biofilms constitute the prevalent way of life for microorganisms in both natural and man-made environments. biofilm-dwelling cells display greater tolerance to antimicrobial agents than those that are free-living, and the mechanisms by which this occurs have been investigated extensively using single-strain axenic models. however, there is growing evidence that interspecies interactions may profoundly alter the response of the community to such toxic exposure. in this paper, we propose an overvi ... | 2015 | 26236291 |
| an internal reference control duplex real-time polymerase chain reaction assay for detecting bacterial contamination in blood products. | real-time polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) enables effective and sensitive screening for infectious risk in the field of blood safety. however, when using rt-pcr to detect bacterial contamination, several intractable points must be considered, one of which is the lack of appropriate quality control. in this study, we developed a simplified rt-pcr assay in which the same primer set and two distinct probes were used to detect both, an internal reference control and the target in a reaction. the ... | 2015 | 26230627 |
| the relationship between extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis and multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacilli. | the relationship between extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (xdr-tb) and multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacilli (mdr-gnb) is unclear. identification of the relationship between xdr-tb and mdr-gnb would have important implications for patient care. | 2015 | 26230499 |
| association between positive urine cultures and necrotizing enterocolitis in a large cohort of hospitalized infants. | we used a large research database to examine the association between urinary tract infections and necrotizing enterocolitis (nec) in premature infants. | 2015 | 26226102 |
| evaluation of two phenotypic screening tests for carbapenemase-producing enterobacteriaceae. | we evaluated the performance of two rapid tests for detection of carbapenemase-producing enterobacteriaceae (cpe) strains. the sensitivities and the specificities were 97.6% and 94.4% for the rapid carb screen and 98.8% and 93.1% for the kpc/mbl & oxa-48 confirm tests, providing the usefulness of these tools for screening cpe in microbiology wards. | 2015 | 26224841 |
| surgical site infection in critically ill patients with secondary and tertiary peritonitis: epidemiology, microbiology and influence in outcomes. | surgical site infection (ssi) remains a significant problem in the postoperative period that can negatively affect clinical outcomes. microbiology findings are typically similar to other nosocomial infections, with differences dependent on microbiology selection due to antibiotic pressure or the resident flora. however, this is poorly understood in the critical care setting. we therefore aimed to assess the incidence, epidemiology and microbiology of ssi and its association with outcomes in pati ... | 2015 | 26223477 |
| characterization of is26-composite transposons and multidrug resistance in conjugative plasmids from enterobacter cloacae. | shv-12 is the most widespread resistance determinant of enterobacter cloacae in taiwan; however, blashv-12 has rarely been mobilized. six multidrug-resistant e. cloacae isolates were collected. after conjugal transfer, plasmid profiling and analysis of incompatibility groups was performed to characterize the genetic context of blashv-12 -containing fragments. the presence of mobile genetic elements was demonstrated by pcr, cloning, sequencing and bioinformatics analyses. four different β-lactama ... | 2015 | 26223152 |
| early insights into the potential of the oxford nanopore minion for the detection of antimicrobial resistance genes. | genome sequencing will be increasingly used in the clinical setting to tailor antimicrobial prescribing and inform infection control outbreaks. a recent technological innovation that could reduce the delay between pathogen sampling and data generation is single molecule sequencing. an example of this technology, which is undergoing evaluation through an early access programme, is the oxford nanopore minion. | 2015 | 26221019 |
| genomically informed surveillance for carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae in a health care system. | carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae (cre) are an urgent public health concern. rapid identification of the resistance genes, their mobilization capacity, and strains carrying them is essential to direct hospital resources to prevent spread and improve patient outcomes. whole-genome sequencing allows refined tracking of both chromosomal traits and associated mobile genetic elements that harbor resistance genes. to enhance surveillance of cres, clinical isolates with phenotypic resistance to c ... | 2015 | 26220969 |
| melting temperature mapping method: a novel method for rapid identification of unknown pathogenic microorganisms within three hours of sample collection. | acquiring the earliest possible identification of pathogenic microorganisms is critical for selecting the appropriate antimicrobial therapy in infected patients. we herein report the novel "melting temperature (tm) mapping method" for rapidly identifying the dominant bacteria in a clinical sample from sterile sites. employing only seven primer sets, more than 100 bacterial species can be identified. in particular, using the difference value, it is possible to identify samples suitable for tm map ... | 2015 | 26218169 |
| thrombolytic therapy using urokinase for management of central venous catheter thrombosis. | the management of central venous catheters (cvcs) and catheter thrombosis vary among centers, and the efficacy of the methods of management of catheter thrombosis in cvcs is rarely reported. we investigated the efficacy of bedside thrombolysis with urokinase for the management of catheter thrombosis. | 2014 | 26217634 |
| four cases of carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae infection from january to march in 2014. | infection with carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae (cre) and other multidrug resistant bacteria has increased rapidly in korea. the korea centers for disease control and prevention reported 1,609 cases of cre infection in the country in 2013. the risk factors for cre infection include history of treatment with antibiotics such as cephalosporins or carbapenem, trauma, diabetes, cancer, and history of ventilator support. herein, we report four cases of cre infection seen during a 3-month perio ... | 2015 | 26217484 |
| the role of mucosal associated invariant t cells in antimicrobial immunity. | mucosal associated invariant t (mait) cells are an innate-like t cell subset prevalent in humans and distributed throughout the blood and mucosal sites. human mait cells are defined by the expression of the semi-invariant tcrα chain trav1-2/traj12/20/33 and are restricted by the non-polymorphic major histocompatibility complex (mhc) class i-like molecule, mhc-related protein 1, mr1. mait cells are activated by small organic molecules, derived from the riboflavin biosynthesis pathway of bacteria ... | 2015 | 26217338 |
| thrombocytopenia in small-for-gestational-age infants. | thrombocytopenia is common among small-for-gestational-age (sga) neonates (birth weight <10th percentile reference range), but several aspects of this thrombocytopenia are unclear, including the incidence, typical nadir, duration, association with preeclampsia, mechanism, and risk of death. | 2015 | 26216323 |
| high voltage electrochemiluminescence (ecl) as a new method for detection of pah during screening for pah-degrading microbial consortia. | the search for new bacterial consortia capable of removing pah from the environment is associated with the need to employ novel, simple, and economically efficient detection methods. a fluorimetric method (fl) as well as high voltage electrochemiluminescence (ecl) on a modified surface of an aluminum electrode were used in order to determine the changes in the concentrations of pah in the studied aqueous solutions. the ecl signal (the spectrum and emission intensity for a given wavelength) was d ... | 2015 | 26213425 |
| heart rate variability analysis is more sensitive at identifying neonatal sepsis than conventional vital signs. | sepsis remains the largest preventable source of neonatal mortality in the world. heart rate variability (hrv) analysis and noninvasive cardiac output have been shown to be useful adjuncts to sepsis detection in many patient groups. | 2015 | 26212391 |
| [expression and characterization of a neutral enterobacter cloacae gx-3 invertase]. | to characterize a neutral invertase from enterobacter cloacae gx-3. | 2015 | 26211321 |
| novel glucose-1-phosphatase with high phytase activity and unusual metal ion activation from soil bacterium pantoea sp. strain 3.5.1. | phosphorus is an important macronutrient, but its availability in soil is limited. many soil microorganisms improve the bioavailability of phosphate by releasing it from various organic compounds, including phytate. to investigate the diversity of phytate-hydrolyzing bacteria in soil, we sampled soils of various ecological habitats, including forest, private homesteads, large agricultural complexes, and urban landscapes. bacterial isolate pantoea sp. strain 3.5.1 with the highest level of phytas ... | 2015 | 26209662 |
| genome sequence of klebsiella pneumoniae cicc10011, a promising strain for high 2,3-butanediol production. | klebsiella pneumoniae cicc10011, a promising 2,3-butanediol producer, has received much attention because of its high productivity. here, the first draft genome sequence of this efficient strain may provide the genetic basis for further insights into the metabolic and regulatory mechanisms underlying the production of 2,3-butanediol at a high titer. | 2015 | 26205860 |
| alleviation of high fat diet-induced obesity by oligofructose in gnotobiotic mice is independent of presence of bifidobacterium longum. | diet-induced obesity is associated with changes in the gut microbiota and low-grade inflammation. oligofructose was reported to ameliorate high fat diet-induced metabolic disorders in mice by restoring the number of intestinal bifidobacteria. however, this has not been experimentally demonstrated. | 2015 | 26202344 |
| diagnosis of bacteremia in pediatric oncologic patients by in-house real-time pcr. | infections are the major cause of morbidity and mortality in children with cancer. gaining a favorable prognosis for these patients depends on selecting the appropriate therapy, which in turn depends on rapid and accurate microbiological diagnosis. this study employed real-time pcr (qpcr) to identify the main pathogens causing bloodstream infection (bsi) in patients treated at the pediatric oncology institute iop-graacc-unifesp-brazil. antimicrobial resistance genes were also investigated using ... | 2015 | 26201513 |
| evaluation of the light-cycler® septifast test in newborns with suspicion of nosocomial sepsis. | nosocomial sepsis (ns) in newborns (nbs) is associated with high mortality rates and low microbial recovery rates. to overcome the latter problem, new techniques in molecular biology are being used. | 2015 | 26199693 |
| red algae (rhodophyta) from the coast of madagascar: preliminary bioactivity studies and isolation of natural products. | several species of red algae (rhodophyta) from the coastal regions of madagascar have been investigated for their natural products. the most abundant compound was cholesterol (5) in combination with a series of oxidized congeners. the brominated indoles 1-3 along with the sesquiterpene debilone (4) have been isolated from laurencia complanata. for the first time, debilone (4) has been obtained from a marine plant. from the methanol extract of calloseris sp., we have achieved the second isolation ... | 2015 | 26198236 |
| randomized trial of rapid multiplex polymerase chain reaction-based blood culture identification and susceptibility testing. | the value of rapid, panel-based molecular diagnostics for positive blood culture bottles (bcbs) has not been rigorously assessed. we performed a prospective randomized controlled trial evaluating outcomes associated with rapid multiplex pcr (rmpcr) detection of bacteria, fungi, and resistance genes directly from positive bcbs. | 2015 | 26197846 |
| health care-associated infection outbreak investigations in outpatient settings, los angeles county, california, usa, 2000-2012. | health care services are increasingly delivered in outpatient settings. however, infection control oversight in outpatient settings to ensure patient safety has not improved and literature quantifying reported health care-associated infection outbreaks in outpatient settings is scarce. the objective of this analysis was to characterize investigations of suspected and confirmed outbreaks in outpatient settings in los angeles county, california, usa, reported during 2000-2012, by using internal lo ... | 2015 | 26196293 |
| real-time microbiology laboratory surveillance system to detect abnormal events and emerging infections, marseille, france. | infectious diseases are a major threat to humanity, and accurate surveillance is essential. we describe how to implement a laboratory data-based surveillance system in a clinical microbiology laboratory. two historical microsoft excel databases were implemented. the data were then sorted and used to execute the following 2 surveillance systems in excel: the bacterial real-time laboratory-based surveillance system (balyses) for monitoring the number of patients infected with bacterial species iso ... | 2015 | 26196165 |
| first report of ceftazidime-avibactam resistance in a kpc-3-expressing klebsiella pneumoniae isolate. | ceftazidime-avibactam is the first antimicrobial approved by the u.s. fda for the treatment of carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae. avibactam, a non-β-lactam β-lactamase inhibitor, inactivates class a serine carbapenemases, including klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (kpc). we report a kpc-producing k. pneumoniae isolate resistant to ceftazidime-avibactam (mic, 32/4 μg/ml) from a patient with no prior treatment with ceftazidime-avibactam. | 2015 | 26195508 |
| escherichia coli of sequence type 3835 carrying bla ndm-1, bla ctx-m-15, bla cmy-42 and bla shv-12. | new delhi metallo-β-lactamase (ndm) represents a serious challenge for treatment and public health. a carbapenem-resistant escherichia coli clinical strain wchec13-8 was subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility tests, whole genome sequencing and conjugation experiments. it was resistant to imipenem (mic, >256 μg/ml) and meropenem (mic, 128 μg/ml) and belonged to st3835. bla ndm-1 was the only carbapenemase gene detected. strain wchec13-8 also had a plasmid-borne ampc gene (bla cmy-42) and two e ... | 2015 | 26194736 |
| chimeric adaptor proteins translocate diverse type vi secretion system effectors in vibrio cholerae. | vibrio cholerae is a diverse species of gram-negative bacteria, commonly found in the aquatic environment and the causative agent of the potentially deadly disease cholera. these bacteria employ a type vi secretion system (t6ss) when they encounter prokaryotic and eukaryotic competitors. this contractile puncturing device translocates a set of effector proteins into neighboring cells. translocated effectors are toxic unless the targeted cell produces immunity proteins that bind and deactivate in ... | 2015 | 26194724 |
| two novel algicidal isolates kill chlorella pyrenoidosa by inhibiting their host antioxidase activities. | in the biocontrol of harmful algal blooms, there has been considerable interest about the role of algicidal bacteria in algicidal activity. in this experiment, two novel algicidal bacteria (strains np23 and am11) against chlorella pyrenoidosa were isolated from the baiguishan reservoir in china. phylogenetic analysis based on 16s rrna gene sequences revealed that strains np23 and am11 belonged to enterobacter cloacae and gibberella moniliformis, respectively. to further understand the algicidal ... | 2015 | 26194712 |
| identification and application of ssdna aptamers against h₃₇rv in the detection of mycobacterium tuberculosis. | microscopy of direct smear with the ziehl-neelsen stain is still broadly used in tuberculosis diagnosis. however, this method suffers from low specificity and is difficult to distinguish mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) from nontuberculosis mycobacterial (ntm), since all mycobacterial species are positive in ziehl-neelsen stain. in this study, we utilized whole cell selex to obtain species-specific aptamers for increasing the specificity of mtb detection. whole cell selex was performed in mtb re ... | 2015 | 26194558 |
| bioremediation of hexavalent chromium (vi) by a soil-borne bacterium, enterobacter cloacae b2-dha. | chromium and chromium containing compounds are discharged into the nature as waste from anthropogenic activities, such as industries, agriculture, forest farming, mining and metallurgy. continued disposal of these compounds to the environment leads to development of various lethal diseases in both humans and animals. in this paper, we report a soil borne bacterium, b2-dha that can be used as a vehicle to effectively remove chromium from the contaminated sources. b2-dha is resistant to chromium w ... | 2015 | 26191988 |
| binding to histo-blood group antigen-expressing bacteria protects human norovirus from acute heat stress. | this study aims to investigate if histo-blood group antigen (hbga) expressing bacteria have any protective role on human norovirus (nov) from acute heat stress. eleven bacterial strains were included, belonging to escherichia coli, enterobacter cloacae, enterobacter aerogenes, clostridium difficile, bifidobacterium adolescentis, and b. longum. hbga expression of the bacteria as well as binding of human nov virus-like particles (vlps, gi.1, and gii.4 strains) to the bacteria were detected by flow ... | 2015 | 26191052 |
| structural basis of transcription inhibition by cbr hydroxamidines and cbr pyrazoles. | cbr hydroxamidines are small-molecule inhibitors of bacterial rna polymerase (rnap) discovered through high-throughput screening of synthetic-compound libraries. cbr pyrazoles are structurally related rnap inhibitors discovered through scaffold hopping from cbr hydroxamidines. cbr hydroxamidines and pyrazoles selectively inhibit gram-negative bacterial rnap and exhibit selective antibacterial activity against gram-negative bacteria. here, we report crystal structures of the prototype cbr hydroxa ... | 2015 | 26190576 |
| whence resistance? | antimicrobial resistance results from a complex interaction between pathogenic and non-pathogenic bacteria, antimicrobial pressure, and genes, which together comprise the total body of potential resistance elements. the purpose of this study is to review and evaluate the importance of antimicrobial pressure on the development of resistance in a single surgical intensive care unit. | 2015 | 26186101 |
| changes of proteases, antiproteases, and pathogens in cystic fibrosis patients' upper and lower airways after iv-antibiotic therapy. | in cystic fibrosis (cf) the upper (uaw) and lower airways (law) are reservoirs for pathogens like pseudomonas aeruginosa. the consecutive hosts' release of proteolytic enzymes contributes to inflammation and progressive pulmonary destruction. objectives were to assess dynamics of protease : antiprotease ratios and pathogens in cf-uaw and law sampled by nasal lavage (nl) and sputum before and after intravenous- (iv-) antibiotic therapy. | 2015 | 26185365 |
| bacterial extracellular polysaccharides in biofilm formation and function. | microbes produce a biofilm matrix consisting of proteins, extracellular dna, and polysaccharides that is integral in the formation of bacterial communities. historical studies of polysaccharides revealed that their overproduction often alters the colony morphology and can be diagnostic in identifying certain species. the polysaccharide component of the matrix can provide many diverse benefits to the cells in the biofilm, including adhesion, protection, and structure. aggregative polysaccharides ... | 2015 | 26185074 |
| suspected involvement of eptfe membrane in sterile intrathoracic abscess and pericardial empyema in a multi-allergic lvad recipient: a case report. | device-related infections in recipients of left ventricular assist devices (lvad) have been recognized as a major source of morbidity and mortality. they require a high level of diagnostic effort as part of the overall burden resulting from infectious complications in lvad recipients. we present a multi-allergic patient who was treated for persistent sterile intrathoracic abscess formation and pericardial empyema following minimally invasive lvad implantation including use of a sheet of e-polyte ... | 2015 | 26183430 |
| necrotizing fasciitis in hematological patients: enterobacteriaceae predominance and limited utility of laboratory risk indicator for necrotizing fasciitis score. | immune suppression is a recognized risk factor for necrotizing fasciitis. in patients with hematological malignancies, a profoundly immunocompromised group, the predominant causative organisms are gram negative. clinical presentation and outcomes in these patients are similar to the immunocompetent. the laboratory risk indicator for necrotizing fasciitis score is not reliable for risk stratification of the disease. | 2015 | 26180830 |
| evaluation of the recently launched rapid carb blue kit for detection of carbapenemase-producing gram-negative bacteria. | 2015 | 26179299 | |
| monoterpenes as nitrofurantoin resistance modulating agents: minimal structural requirements, molecular dynamics simulations, and the effect of piperitone on the emergence of nitrofurantoin resistance in enterobacteriaceae. | the effects of different monoterpenes and 2-cyclohexen-1-one on the antibacterial activity of nitrofurantoin against resistant enterobacter cloacae, were compared and the minimal structural component of monoterpene required for the highest level of resistance-modulating activity was determined. subinhibitory concentrations of all compounds tested enhanced the antibacterial activity of nitrofurantoin against e. cloacae to different extents. the highest synergistic effect was observed for the mono ... | 2015 | 26174760 |
| transforming berberine into its intestine-absorbable form by the gut microbiota. | the gut microbiota is important in the pathogenesis of energy-metabolism related diseases. we focused on the interaction between intestinal bacteria and orally administered chemical drugs. oral administration of berberine (bbr) effectively treats patients with metabolic disorders. however, because bbr exhibits poor solubility, its absorption mechanism remains unknown. here, we show that the gut microbiota converts bbr into its absorbable form of dihydroberberine (dhbbr), which has an intestinal ... | 2015 | 26174047 |
| a novel intracellular mutualistic bacterium in the invasive ant cardiocondyla obscurior. | the evolution of eukaryotic organisms is often strongly influenced by microbial symbionts that confer novel traits to their hosts. here we describe the intracellular enterobacteriaceae symbiont of the invasive ant cardiocondyla obscurior, 'candidatus westeberhardia cardiocondylae'. upon metamorphosis, westeberhardia is found in gut-associated bacteriomes that deteriorate following eclosion. only queens maintain westeberhardia in the ovarian nurse cells from where the symbionts are transmitted to ... | 2015 | 26172209 |
| a novel intracellular mutualistic bacterium in the invasive ant cardiocondyla obscurior. | the evolution of eukaryotic organisms is often strongly influenced by microbial symbionts that confer novel traits to their hosts. here we describe the intracellular enterobacteriaceae symbiont of the invasive ant cardiocondyla obscurior, 'candidatus westeberhardia cardiocondylae'. upon metamorphosis, westeberhardia is found in gut-associated bacteriomes that deteriorate following eclosion. only queens maintain westeberhardia in the ovarian nurse cells from where the symbionts are transmitted to ... | 2015 | 26172209 |
| predominance of genotype p[9]g3 in rotavirus gastroenteritis in polish children. | rotavirus (rv) infection is the most common cause of gastroenteritis in children. this paper identifies the most common genotypes of rotaviruses isolated from children hospitalized with gastroenteritis and attempts to determine any relationship between infection with a certain rotavirus genotype. | 2015 | 26170851 |
| non-o1/non-o139 vibrio cholerae avian isolate from france cocarrying the bla(vim-1) and bla(vim-4) genes. | we describe here a non-o1/non-o139 vibrio cholerae isolate producing both vim-1 and vim-4 carbapenemases. it was isolated from a yellow-legged gull in southern france. the blavim genes were part of a class 1 integron structure located in an inca/c plasmid. this study emphasizes the presence of carbapenemase genes in wildlife microbiota. | 2015 | 26169421 |
| fast and accurate large-scale detection of β-lactamase genes conferring antibiotic resistance. | fast detection of β-lactamase (bla) genes allows improved surveillance studies and infection control measures, which can minimize the spread of antibiotic resistance. although several molecular diagnostic methods have been developed to detect limited bla gene types, these methods have significant limitations, such as their failure to detect almost all clinically available bla genes. we developed a fast and accurate molecular method to overcome these limitations using 62 primer pairs, which were ... | 2015 | 26169415 |
| inhibition of aac(6')-ib-mediated resistance to amikacin in acinetobacter baumannii by an antisense peptide-conjugated 2',4'-bridged nucleic acid-nc-dna hybrid oligomer. | multiresistant acinetobacter baumannii, a common etiologic agent of severe nosocomial infections in compromised hosts, usually harbors aac(6')-ib. this gene specifies resistance to amikacin and other aminoglycosides, seriously limiting the effectiveness of these antibiotics. an antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (odn4) that binds to a duplicated sequence on the aac(6')-ib mrna, one of the copies overlapping the initiation codon, efficiently inhibited translation in vitro. an isosequential nuclease-r ... | 2015 | 26169414 |
| tigecycline activity tested against carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae from 18 european nations: results from the sentry surveillance program (2010-2013). | we evaluated the in vitro activity of tigecycline and selected comparator agents tested against carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae (cre) isolated from european medical centers. a total of 14,286 clinically significant nonduplicate enterobacteriaceae isolates were collected from 18 european countries in 2010-2013. susceptibility testing was performed by clsi broth microdilution method, and isolates with a meropenem or imipenem mic at ≥4μg/ml were categorized as cre. selected cre strains were ... | 2015 | 26164275 |
| the enterobacterium trabulsiella odontotermitis presents novel adaptations related to its association with fungus-growing termites. | fungus-growing termites rely on symbiotic microorganisms to help break down plant material and to obtain nutrients. their fungal cultivar, termitomyces, is the main plant degrader and food source for the termites, while gut bacteria complement termitomyces in the degradation of foodstuffs, fixation of nitrogen, and metabolism of amino acids and sugars. due to the community complexity and because these typically anaerobic bacteria can rarely be cultured, little is known about the physiological ca ... | 2015 | 26162887 |
| low serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin level as a marker of malnutrition in maintenance hemodialysis patients. | neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (ngal or lcn2) is an iron-transporting factor which possesses various activities such as amelioration of kidney injury and host defense against pathogens. its circulating concentrations are elevated in acute and chronic kidney diseases and show a positive correlation with poor renal outcome and mortality, but its clinical significance in maintenance hemodialysis (hd) patients remains elusive. | 2015 | 26161663 |
| the molecular epidemiology and genetic environment of carbapenemases detected in africa. | research articles describing carbapenemases and their genetic environments in gram-negative bacteria were reviewed to determine the molecular epidemiology of carbapenemases in africa. the emergence of resistance to the carbapenems, the last resort antibiotic for difficult to treat bacterial infections, affords clinicians few therapeutic options, with a resulting increase in morbidities, mortalities, and healthcare costs. however, the molecular epidemiology of carbapenemases throughout africa is ... | 2016 | 26161476 |
| enterobacter cloacae sacroiliitis with acute respiratory distress syndrome in an adolescent. | enterobacter cloacae has emerged as an important nosocomial pathogen, but is rarely a cause of sacroiliitis. herein, we present the first reported case of enterobacter cloacae sacroiliitis associated with sepsis and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ards). a previously healthy 14-year-old boy presented with low-grade fever and pain in the left side of the hip that was aggravated by walking. pelvic computed tomography (ct) showed normal findings, and the patient received supportive care for tr ... | 2015 | 26157593 |
| epidemiology and characteristics of metallo-β-lactamase-producing pseudomonas aeruginosa. | metallo-β-lactamase-producing pseudomonas aeruginosa (mppa) is an important nosocomial pathogen that shows resistance to all β-lactam antibiotics except monobactams. there are various types of metallo-β-lactamases (mbls) in carbapenem-resistant p. aeruginosa including imipenemase (imp), verona integron-encoded metallo-β-lactamase (vim), sao paulo metallo-β-lactamase (spm), germany imipenemase (gim), new delhi metallo-β-lactamase (ndm), florence imipenemase (fim). each mbl gene is located on spec ... | 2015 | 26157586 |
| rapid and sensitive isothermal detection of nucleic-acid sequence by multiple cross displacement amplification. | we have devised a novel amplification strategy based on isothermal strand-displacement polymerization reaction, which was termed multiple cross displacement amplification (mcda). the approach employed a set of ten specially designed primers spanning ten distinct regions of target sequence and was preceded at a constant temperature (61-65 °c). at the assay temperature, the double-stranded dnas were at dynamic reaction environment of primer-template hybrid, thus the high concentration of primers a ... | 2015 | 26154567 |