Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
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| cspa influences biofilm formation and drug resistance in pathogenic fungus aspergillus fumigatus. | the microbial cell wall plays a crucial role in biofilm formation and drug resistance. cspa encodes a repeat-rich glycophosphatidylinositol-anchored cell wall protein in the pathogenic fungus aspergillus fumigatus. to determine whether cspa has a significant impact on biofilm development and sensitivity to antifungal drugs in a. fumigatus, a δcspa mutant was constructed by targeted gene disruption, and we then reconstituted the mutant to wild type by homologous recombination of a functional cspa ... | 2015 | 25821832 |
| identification and mutational analyses of phosphorylation sites of the calcineurin-binding protein cbpa and the identification of domains required for calcineurin binding in aspergillus fumigatus. | calcineurin is a key protein phosphatase required for hyphal growth and virulence in aspergillus fumigatus, making it an attractive antifungal target. however, currently available calcineurin inhibitors, fk506 and cyclosporine a, are immunosuppressive, limiting usage in the treatment of patients with invasive aspergillosis. therefore, the identification of endogenous inhibitors of calcineurin belonging to the calcipressin family is an important parallel strategy. we previously identified the gen ... | 2015 | 25821446 |
| antibodies generated against streptococci protect in a mouse model of disseminated aspergillosis. | invasive aspergillosis (ia) resulting from infection by aspergillus fumigatus is a leading cause of death in immunosuppressed populations. there are limited therapeutic options for this disease and currently no vaccine. there is evidence that some anti-a. fumigatus mabs can provide protection against ia. however, vaccine development has been impeded by a paucity of immunological targets on this organism demonstrated to provide protective responses. sialylated oligosaccharide epitopes found on a ... | 2015 | 25821219 |
| aetiology of bronchiectasis in guangzhou, southern china. | aetiologies of bronchiectasis in mainland china and their comparisons with those in western countries are unknown. we aimed to investigate bronchiectasis aetiologies in guangzhou, southern china, and to determine ethnic or geographic differences with reports from western countries. | 2015 | 25819403 |
| preparative separation and purification of fumigaclavine c from fermented mycelia of aspergillus fumigatus cy018 by macroporous adsorption resin. | in this work, the separation and purification of fumigaclavine c (fc), an ergot alkaloid with strong anti-inflammatory activity from fermented mycelia of aspergillus fumigatus was systematically evaluated. among the eight tested resins, the non-polar resin d101 displayed the best adsorption and desorption based on of static adsorption and desorption tests. adsorption isotherms were constructed on d101 resin and fitted well to the freundlich model. dynamic adsorption and desorption tests on a col ... | 2015 | 25817261 |
| in vitro activity of calcium sulfate and hydroxyapatite antifungal disks loaded with amphotericin b or voriconazole in consideration for adjunctive osteomyelitis management. | regarding antibiotic-loaded cements, there is an abundant amount of literature regarding the antibacterial in vitro inhibitory and clinical applications for the treatment of osteomyelitis. the opposite can be said about literature regarding in vitro antifungal-loaded cement drug delivery for the treatment of fungal osteomyelitis. | 2015 | 25815648 |
| biomarker-based classification of bacterial and fungal whole-blood infections in a genome-wide expression study. | sepsis is a clinical syndrome that can be caused by bacteria or fungi. early knowledge on the nature of the causative agent is a prerequisite for targeted anti-microbial therapy. besides currently used detection methods like blood culture and pcr-based assays, the analysis of the transcriptional response of the host to infecting organisms holds great promise. in this study, we aim to examine the transcriptional footprint of infections caused by the bacterial pathogens staphylococcus aureus and e ... | 2015 | 25814982 |
| cryopreserved ex vivo-expanded allogeneic myeloid progenitor cell product protects neutropenic mice from a lethal fungal infection. | severe neutropenia induced by chemotherapy or conditioning for hematopoietic cell transplantation often results in morbidity and mortality due to infection by opportunistic pathogens. a system has been developed to generate ex vivo-expanded mouse myeloid progenitor cells (mmpcs) that produce functional neutrophils in vivo upon transplantation in a pathogen challenge model. it has previously been demonstrated that transplantation of large numbers of freshly isolated myeloid progenitors from a sin ... | 2016 | 25812169 |
| identification of aspergillus fumigatus surface components that mediate interaction of conidia and hyphae with human platelets. | platelets were recently identified as a part of innate immunity. they are activated by contact with aspergillus fumigatus; putative consequences include antifungal defense but also thrombosis, excessive inflammation, and thrombocytopenia. we aimed to identify those fungal surface structures that mediate interaction with platelets. | 2015 | 25810442 |
| highly cadmium tolerant fungi: their tolerance and removal potential. | soil and effluent of lead and zinc industries contain high concentration of cadmium. the present study was conducted to isolate tolerant fungal strains from cadmium -polluted sites in zanjan province, iran. | 2015 | 25806110 |
| fungal isolates from a pu-erh type tea fermentation and their ability to convert tea polyphenols to theabrownins. | the natural microbiota involved in the fermentation influence the quality and taste of fully postfermented teas such as china's pu-erh tea. ten microbial isolates representing 6 species were recovered from a solid-state fermentation of a pu-erh type tea. the isolates were aspergillus tubingensis, aspergillus marvanovae, rhizomucor pusillus, rhizomucor tauricus, aspergillus fumigatus, and candida mogii. with the exception of a. marvanovae and c. mogii, all these microorganisms have been previousl ... | 2015 | 25799937 |
| fungal burden in waste industry: an occupational risk to be solved. | high loads of fungi have been reported in different types of waste management plants. this study intends to assess fungal contamination in one waste-sorting plant before and after cleaning procedures in order to analyze their effectiveness. air samples of 50 l were collected through an impaction method, while surface samples, taken at the same time, were collected by the swabbing method and subject to further macro- and microscopic observations. in addition, we collected air samples of 250 l usi ... | 2015 | 25796518 |
| nebulised amphotericin b-polymethacrylic acid nanoparticle prophylaxis prevents invasive aspergillosis. | aspergillus species are the major life threatening fungal pathogens in transplant patients. germination of inhaled fungal spores initiates infection, causes severe pneumonia, and has a mortality of >50%. this is leading to the consideration of pre-exposure prophylaxis to prevent infection. we made a very low mwt amphotericin b-polymethacrylic acid nanoparticle. it was not toxic to lung epithelial cells or monocyte-derived-macrophages in-vitro, or in an in-vivo transplant immuno-suppression mouse ... | 2015 | 25791815 |
| activity and safety of inhaled itraconazole nanosuspension in a model pulmonary aspergillus fumigatus infection in inoculated young quails. | pulmonary aspergillosis is frequently reported in parrots, falcons, and other birds held in captivity. inhalation is the main route of infection for aspergillus fumigatus, resulting in both acute and chronic disease conditions. itraconazole (itra) is an antifungal commonly used in birds, but its administration requires repeated oral dosing, and the safety margin is narrow. to investigate the efficacy of inhaled itra, six groups of ten young quails (coturnix japonica) were inoculated intratrachea ... | 2015 | 25790942 |
| superoxide dismutase reduces the inflammatory response to aspergillus and alternaria in human sinonasal epithelial cells derived from patients with chronic rhinosinusitis. | aspergillus fumigatus and alternaria alternata are ubiquitous environmental fungal allergens that can exacerbate airway inflammation and contribute to the disease process in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (crs). these antigens have been shown to induce human sinonasal epithelial cells (hsnecs) to promote a proinflammatory response, but what is unclear is a means by which to reduce these effects. inhaled pathogens can induce hsnecs to produce reactive oxygen species (ros) that trigger cytok ... | 2015 | 25785747 |
| age influence on mice lung tissue response to aspergillus fumigatus chronic exposure. | exposure to conidia of aspergillus fumigatus was described as a causative factor of a number of the respiratory system diseases, including asthma, chronic eosinophilic pneumonia, hypersensitivity pneumonitis and bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. the study investigates the effects of the repeated exposure to a. fumigatus in mice pulmonary compartment. our work tackles two, so far insufficiently addressed, important aspects of interaction between affected organism and a. fumigatus: 1) recurrent char ... | 2015 | 25780831 |
| in vitro and in vivo evaluation of small cationic abiotic lipopeptides as novel antifungal agents. | we investigated the antifungal potential of short lipopeptides against clinical fungal isolates with an objective to evaluate their clinical feasibility. all tested lipopeptides exhibit good antifungal activity with negligible difference between the mics against susceptible and drug-resistant clinical fungal isolates. the mtt assay results revealed the lower cytotoxicity of lipopeptides toward mammalian cells (nrk-52e). in particular, lp24 displayed highest potency against most of the tested fun ... | 2015 | 25777475 |
| the newly nonsporulated characterization of an aspergillus fumigatus isolate from an immunocompetent patient and its clinic indication. | aspergillus fumigatus (a. fumigatus) commonly produces abundant and heavily melanized infectious conidia, which are the primary agents that cause invasive aspergillosis (ia) in immunocompromised patients. we isolated a white nonsporulating a. fumigatus strain (a1j) from an immunocompetent patient. it was identified by histopathological examination and morphological observation, and subsequently confirmed by dna sequencing of internal transcribed spacer (its) regions and partial β-tubulin genes. ... | 2015 | 25776795 |
| assessment techniques to detect aspergillus fumigatus in different samples of immunosuppressed male western albino rats. | there are several conventional, immunological and molecular techniques to diagnose the fungi that cause aspergillosis in biological samples; these methods have some advantages and disadvantages. | 2014 | 25774269 |
| targeting zinc homeostasis to combat aspergillus fumigatus infections. | aspergillus fumigatus is able to invade and grow in the lungs of immunosuppressed individuals and causes invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. the concentration of free zinc in living tissues is much lower than that required for optimal fungal growth in vitro because most of it is tightly bound to proteins. to obtain efficiently zinc from a living host a. fumigatus uses the zinc transporters zrfa, zrfb, and zrfc. the zafa transcriptional regulator induces the expression of all these transporters and ... | 2015 | 25774155 |
| the malaria co-infection challenge: an investigation into the antimicrobial activity of selected guinean medicinal plants. | in sub-saharan africa, concomitant occurrence of malaria and invasive infections with micro-organisms such as gram-positive staphylococcus aureus, gram-negative escherichia coli and yeasts or fungi such as candida albicans and aspergillus fumigatus is common. non-tuberculous mycobacteriosis caused by mycobacterium chelonae has been recognized as a pulmonary pathogen with increasing frequency without effective therapy. although less important, the high incidence of trichophyton rubrum infections ... | 2015 | 25773488 |
| pathogenic fungi regulate immunity by inducing neutrophilic myeloid-derived suppressor cells. | despite continuous contact with fungi, immunocompetent individuals rarely develop pro-inflammatory antifungal immune responses. the underlying tolerogenic mechanisms are incompletely understood. using both mouse models and human patients, we show that infection with the human pathogenic fungi aspergillus fumigatus and candida albicans induces a distinct subset of neutrophilic myeloid-derived suppressor cells (mdscs), which functionally suppress t and nk cell responses. mechanistically, pathogeni ... | 2015 | 25771792 |
| exploration of aspergillus fumigatus ras pathways for novel antifungal drug targets. | ras pathway signaling is a critical virulence determinant for pathogenic fungi. localization of ras to the plasma membrane (pm) is required for ras network interactions supporting fungal growth and virulence. for example, loss of aspergillus fumigatus rasa signaling at the pm via inhibition of palmitoylation leads to decreased growth, altered hyphal morphogenesis, decreased cell wall integrity and loss of virulence. in order to be properly localized and activated, ras proteins must transit a ser ... | 2015 | 25767465 |
| resistance is not futile: gliotoxin biosynthesis, functionality and utility. | gliotoxin biosynthesis is encoded by the gli gene cluster in aspergillus fumigatus. the biosynthesis of gliotoxin is influenced by a suite of transcriptionally-active regulatory proteins and a bis-thiomethyltransferase. a self-protection system against gliotoxin is present in a. fumigatus. several additional metabolites are also produced via the gliotoxin biosynthetic pathway. moreover, the biosynthesis of unrelated natural products appears to be influenced either by gliotoxin or by the activity ... | 2015 | 25766143 |
| [a case of lung abscess due to aspergillus viridinutans in a patient with aplastic anemia]. | a 75-year-old woman with aplastic anemia was admitted to our university hospital because of a dry cough that had persisted for a month. chest computed tomography showed a mass shadow with a central low attenuation area in the lower lobe of the left lung. filamentous fungus resembling aspergillus fumigatus was cultured from the specimens obtained by transthoracic needle aspiration biopsy and bronchoalveolar lavage. the initial diagnosis was a lung abscess due to a. fumigatus, although the patient ... | 2014 | 25764808 |
| chitin recognition via chitotriosidase promotes pathologic type-2 helper t cell responses to cryptococcal infection. | pulmonary mycoses are often associated with type-2 helper t (th2) cell responses. however, mechanisms of th2 cell accumulation are multifactorial and incompletely known. to investigate th2 cell responses to pulmonary fungal infection, we developed a peptide-mhcii tetramer to track antigen-specific cd4+ t cells produced in response to infection with the fungal pathogen cryptococcus neoformans. we noted massive accruement of pathologic cryptococcal antigen-specific th2 cells in the lungs following ... | 2015 | 25764512 |
| detection of aspergillus flavus and a. fumigatus in bronchoalveolar lavage specimens of hematopoietic stem cell transplants and hematological malignancies patients by real-time polymerase chain reaction, nested pcr and mycological assays. | pulmonary aspergillosis (pa) is one of the most serious complications in immunocompromised patients, in particular among hematopoietic stem cell transplants (hsct) and patients with hematological malignancies. | 2015 | 25763133 |
| histone deacetylase inhibition as an alternative strategy against invasive aspergillosis. | invasive aspergillosis (ia) is a life-threatening infection due to aspergillus fumigatus and other aspergillus spp. drugs targeting the fungal cell membrane (triazoles, amphotericin b) or cell wall (echinocandins) are currently the sole therapeutic options against ia. their limited efficacy and the emergence of resistance warrant the identification of new antifungal targets. histone deacetylases (hdacs) are enzymes responsible of the deacetylation of lysine residues of core histones, thus contro ... | 2015 | 25762988 |
| [epidural abscess due to aspergillus fumigatus with compression of the optic nerve]. | 2015 | 25760724 | |
| structural insights into aspergillus fumigatus lectin specificity: afl binding sites are functionally non-equivalent. | the aspergillus fumigatus lectin afl was recently described as a new member of the aal lectin family. as a lectin from an opportunistic pathogen, it might play an important role in the interaction of the pathogen with the human host. a detailed study of structures of afl complexed with several monosaccharides and oligosaccharides, including blood-group epitopes, was combined with affinity data from spr and discussed in the context of previous findings. its six binding sites are non-equivalent, a ... | 2015 | 25760594 |
| pharmacodynamics of isavuconazole in an aspergillus fumigatus mouse infection model. | azole resistance is an emerging problem in aspergillus fumigatus which translates into treatment failure. alternative treatments with new azoles may improve therapeutic outcome in invasive aspergillosis (ia) even for strains with decreased susceptibility to current azoles. the in vivo efficacy of 0.25, 1, 4, 16, 64, 128, 256, and 512 mg/kg of body weight/day prodrug isavuconazonium sulfate (bal8557) (isavuconazole [isa]-equivalent doses of 0.12, 0.48, 1.92, 7.68, 30.7, 61.4, 122.9, and 245.8 mg/ ... | 2015 | 25753636 |
| pulmonary aspergillosis. | aspergillosis is a mycotic disease usually caused by aspergillus fumigatus, a saprophytic and ubiquitous airborne fungus. aspergillus-related lung diseases are traditionally classified into four different forms, whose occurrence depends on the immunologic status of the host and the existence of an underlying lung disease. allergic broncho-pulmonary aspergillosis (abpa) affects patients with asthma or cystic fibrosis. saprophytic infection (aspergilloma) occurs in patients with abnormal airways ( ... | 2015 | 25753544 |
| aspergillus, angiogenesis, and obesity: the story behind beloranib. | fumagillin, an antimicrobial compound first isolated in 1949 from the fungus aspergillus fumigatus, four decades later was unexpectedly found to inhibit angiogenesis. interest in developing angiogenesis inhibitor drugs as possible treatments for cancer led to the synthesis of analogs of fumagillin. preclinical studies of various analog drugs confirmed that they inhibited angiogenesis, but they also were associated with weight loss as an adverse effect. because adipose tissue can grow and regress ... | 2015 | 25751824 |
| immune reconstitution after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and association with occurrence and outcome of invasive aspergillosis. | invasive aspergillosis (ia) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients receiving allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (hsct). to date, no reliable immunological biomarkers for management and outcome of ia exist. here, we investigated reconstitution of antifungal immunity in patients during the first 12 months after hsct and correlated it with ia. | 2015 | 25748323 |
| pediatric severe asthma with fungal sensitization is mediated by steroid-resistant il-33. | the mechanism underlying severe asthma with fungal sensitization (safs) is unknown. il-33 is important in fungus-induced asthma exacerbations, but its role in fungal sensitization is unexplored. | 2015 | 25746970 |
| high-resolution ultrasound including contrast-enhanced ultrasound (ceus) for the detection of gas formation during aspergillus fumigatus infection in mice. | a. fumigatus infections represent a major threat for patients with a suppressed immune system. early diagnosis is of importance for a favorable outcome but appears to be difficult due to limited diagnostic procedures. here we investigated the sensitivity of high-resolution ultrasound (hru) for the detection of a. fumigatus infection in the liver. | 2016 | 25741669 |
| improved production of reducing sugars from rice straw using crude cellulase activated with fe₃o₄/alginate nanocomposite. | effect of fe3o4 nanoparticles (nps) and fe3o4/alginate nanocomposites (ncs) have been investigated on production and thermostability of crude cellulase enzyme system obtained by newly isolated thermotolerant aspergillus fumigatus aa001. fe3o4 nps and fe3o4/alginate ncs have been synthesized by co-precipitation method and characterized through various techniques. in presence of fe3o4 nps and fe3o4/alginate ncs, filter paper activity of crude cellulase was increased about 35% and 40%, respectively ... | 2015 | 25740000 |
| secondary metabolite profiles and antifungal drug susceptibility of aspergillus fumigatus and closely related species, aspergillus lentulus, aspergillus udagawae, and aspergillus viridinutans. | the incidence of aspergillus infection has been increasing in the past few years. also, new aspergillus fumigatus-related species, namely aspergillus lentulus, aspergillus udagawae, and aspergillus viridinutans, were shown to infect humans. these fungi exhibit marked morphological similarities to a. fumigatus, albeit with different clinical courses and antifungal drug susceptibilities. the present study used liquid chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometry to identify the secondary metabol ... | 2015 | 25737146 |
| reduced risk of nontuberculous mycobacteria in cystic fibrosis adults receiving long-term azithromycin. | azithromycin reduces exacerbations in cystic fibrosis (cf) patients. our aim was to investigate its association with nontuberculous mycobacteria isolation and macrolide susceptibility. | 2015 | 25735458 |
| comparative proteomics of a tor inducible aspergillus fumigatus mutant reveals involvement of the tor kinase in iron regulation. | the tor (target of rapamycin) kinase is one of the major regulatory nodes in eukaryotes. here, we analyzed the tor kinase in aspergillus fumigatus, which is the most important airborne fungal pathogen of humans. because deletion of the single tor gene was apparently lethal, we generated a conditional lethal tor mutant by replacing the endogenous tor gene by the inducible xylp-tor gene cassette. by both 2de and gel-free lc-ms/ms, we found that tor controls a variety of proteins involved in nutrie ... | 2015 | 25728394 |
| quantitative proteomic study of aspergillus fumigatus secretome revealed deamidation of secretory enzymes. | aspergillus sp. plays an essential role in lignocellulosic biomass recycling and is also exploited as cell factories for the production of industrial enzymes. this study profiled the secretome of aspergillus fumigatus when grown with cellulose, xylan and starch by high throughput quantitative proteomics using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (itraq). post translational modifications (ptms) of proteins play a critical role in protein functions. however, our understanding of ... | 2015 | 25724730 |
| identification and deletion of tft1, a predicted glycosyltransferase necessary for cell wall β-1,3;1,4-glucan synthesis in aspergillus fumigatus. | aspergillus fumigatus is an environmental mold that causes severe, often fatal invasive infections in immunocompromised patients. the search for new antifungal drug targets is critical, and the synthesis of the cell wall represents a potential area to find such a target. embedded within the main β-1,3-glucan core of the a. fumigatus cell wall is a mixed linkage, β-d-(1,3;1,4)-glucan. the role of this molecule or how it is synthesized is unknown, though it comprises 10% of the glucans within the ... | 2015 | 25723175 |
| biologically active metabolites produced by the basidiomycete quambalaria cyanescens. | four strains of the fungus quambalaria cyanescens (basidiomycota: microstromatales), were used for the determination of secondary metabolites production and their antimicrobial and biological activities. a new naphthoquinone named quambalarine a, (s)-(+)-3-(5-ethyl-tetrahydrofuran-2-yliden)-5,7,8-trihydroxy-2-oxo-1,4-naphthoquinone (1), together with two known naphthoquinones, 3-hexanoyl-2,5,7,8-tetrahydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone (named here as quambalarine b, 2) and mompain, 2,5,7,8-tetrahydroxy-1 ... | 2015 | 25723150 |
| [invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in influenza]. | invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (ipa) is a life-threatening infection that occurs predominantly in severely immunocompromised patients. recently, ipa is also increasingly seen in less severely immunocompromised patients, such as patients with copd receiving glucocorticoids and patients on ventilation in an ic unit. | 2015 | 25714763 |
| multiple mechanisms contribute to the development of clinically significant azole resistance in aspergillus fumigatus. | infections caused by the filamentous fungus aspergillus fumigatus are a significant clinical issue and represent the second most-common form of fungal infection. azole drugs are effective against this pathogen but resistant isolates are being found more frequently. infections associated with azole resistant a. fumigatus have a significantly increased mortality making understanding drug resistance in this organism a priority. the target of azole drugs is the lanosterol α-14 demethylase enzyme enc ... | 2015 | 25713565 |
| allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis in children. | allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (abpa) is a disease of the lungs resulting from a hypersensitivity reaction to spores of aspergillus fumigatus. here we report the case of a 13-year-old girl with abpa who presented with productive cough, bronchiectasis and decline in lung function, and review the clinical features and treatment for pediatric abpa. | 2015 | 25712512 |
| pharmacodynamics of amphotericin b deoxycholate, amphotericin b lipid complex, and liposomal amphotericin b against aspergillus fumigatus. | amphotericin b is a first-line agent for the treatment of invasive aspergillosis. however, relatively little is known about the pharmacodynamics of amphotericin b for invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. we studied the pharmacokinetics (pk) and pharmacodynamics (pd) of amphotericin b deoxycholate (damb), amphotericin b lipid complex (ablc), and liposomal amphotericin b (lamb) by using a neutropenic-rabbit model of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. the study endpoints were lung weight, infarct score ... | 2015 | 25712363 |
| a rare pigmented keratitis caused by aspergillus fumigatus. | 2015 | 25709935 | |
| early expression of mannose-binding lectin 2 during aspergillus fumigatus infection in human corneal epithelial cells. | to evaluate the early expression of mannose-binding lectin 2 (mbl2) in human corneal epithelial cells (hcecs) infected by aspergillus fumigatus (af). | 2015 | 25709904 |
| n-myristoyltransferase is a cell wall target in aspergillus fumigatus. | treatment of filamentous fungal infections relies on a limited repertoire of antifungal agents. compounds possessing novel modes of action are urgently required. n-myristoylation is a ubiquitous modification of eukaryotic proteins. the enzyme n-myristoyltransferase (nmt) has been considered a potential therapeutic target in protozoa and yeasts. here, we show that the filamentous fungal pathogen aspergillus fumigatus possesses an active nmt enzyme that is essential for survival. surprisingly, par ... | 2015 | 25706802 |
| effect of phosphatidylcholine on the level expression of plc genes of aspergillus fumigatus by real time pcr method and investigation of these genes using bioinformatics analysis. | phosphlipases are a group of enzymes that breakdown phosphatidylcholine (phospholipids) molecules producing second products. these produced products have a divers role in the cell like signal transduction and digestion in humans. in this research the effect of phosphatidylcholine on the expression of plc genes of a. fumigatus was studied. the plc genes of this fungus were also interrogated using bioinformatics studies. | 2014 | 25705361 |
| allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis in patient with cystic fibrosis - a case report. | asthma with allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (abpa), a hypersensitivity disease of the lungs due to an immune response to aspergillus fumigattus (af) antigens, is rarely seen in children, other than complicating cystic fibrosis. we present the case of a 14 - year- old female teenager with cystic fibrosis (cf), admitted in our hospital with respiratory failure and persistent cyanosis. chest x-ray showed perihilar and upper lobes pulmonary infiltrates. her airway cultures were positive for ... | 2014 | 25705310 |
| concerted activation of the aim2 and nlrp3 inflammasomes orchestrates host protection against aspergillus infection. | invasive pulmonary aspergillosis is a leading cause of infection-associated mortality in immunocompromised individuals. aspergillus fumigatus infection produces ligands that could activate inflammasomes, but the contribution of these host defenses remains unclear. we show that two inflammasome receptors, aim2 and nlrp3, recognize intracellular a. fumigatus and collectively induce protective immune responses. mice lacking both aim2 and nlrp3 fail to confine aspergillus hyphae to inflammatory foci ... | 2015 | 25704009 |
| cellular cytokine and chemokine responses to parasite antigens and fungus and mite allergens in children co-infected with helminthes and protozoa parasites. | in sub-saharan africa poly-parasite infections are frequently observed in children, and with poly-parasitism modulating immune mechanisms, mediated by cytokines and chemokines, are required to prevent overwhelming inflammation and host tissue damage. we analyzed in children co-infected with helminthes and protozoan parasites their cellular production of regulatory and pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in response to parasite antigens and allergens. | 2015 | 25698903 |
| hyaluronan stimulates ex vivo b lymphocyte chemotaxis and cytokine production in a murine model of fungal allergic asthma. | allergic asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways characterized by excessive eosinophilic and lymphocytic inflammation with associated changes in the extracellular matrix (ecm) resulting in airway wall remodeling. hyaluronan (ha) is a nonsulfated glycosaminoglycan ecm component that functions as a structural cushion in its high molecular mass (hmm) but has been implicated in metastasis and other disease processes when it is degraded to smaller fragments. however, relatively little ... | 2015 | 25698348 |
| adrenal and hepatic aspergillosis in an immunocompetent patient. | invasive aspergillosis, an infection most frequently induced by aspergillus fumigatus and aspergillus flavus, typically occurs in immunocompromised patients and is usually transmitted through inhalation of aspergillus spores. as the lungs are by far the most common site involved in invasive aspergillosis and invasive aspergillosis in immunocompetent hosts is very rare, there have been a few case reports of extra-pulmonary, disseminated invasive aspergillosis in immunocompetent persons. herein, w ... | 2015 | 25692352 |
| kexin-like endoprotease kexb is required for n-glycan processing, morphogenesis and virulence in aspergillus fumigatus. | kexin-like proteins belong to the subtilisin-like family of the proteinases that cleave secretory proproteins to their active forms. several fungal kexin-like proteins have been investigated. the mutants lacking of kexin-like protein display strong phenotypes such as cell wall defect, abnormal polarity, and, in case of candida albicans, diminished virulence. however, only several proteins have been confirmed as the substrates of kexin-like proteases in these fungal species. it still remains uncl ... | 2015 | 25687931 |
| virulence determinants of the human pathogenic fungus aspergillus fumigatus protect against soil amoeba predation. | filamentous fungi represent classical examples for environmentally acquired human pathogens whose major virulence mechanisms are likely to have emerged long before the appearance of innate immune systems. in natural habitats, amoeba predation could impose a major selection pressure towards the acquisition of virulence attributes. to test this hypothesis, we exploited the amoeba dictyostelium discoideum to study its interaction with aspergillus fumigatus, two abundant soil inhabitants for which w ... | 2015 | 25684622 |
| epidemiology of filamentous fungal infections in burned patients: a french retrospective study. | filamentous fungal infections (ffi) seem to become more frequent in burn patients, in whom they are usually accepted to cause severe. however published data regarding their incidence and consequences in that context remain scarce. the aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of mould infections in our burn centre, and to review characteristics and outcomes of patients with such infections. | 2015 | 25681957 |
| clinical and allergic sensitization characteristics of allergic rhinitis among the elderly population in istanbul, turkey. | prevalence of allergic rhinitis (ar) in elderly population in turkey is not known. studies on the prevalence and features of allergy in older adults are needed to identify safe and effective diagnostic/therapeutic methods for elderly ar patients. we aimed to identify the clinical and allergic characteristics of sensitization to aeroallergens among individuals aged ≥60 years with allergic rhinitis admitted to an allergy outpatient clinic in istanbul. of 109 patients, 33.9 % were atopic. sixty-fiv ... | 2015 | 25680346 |
| effective neutrophil phagocytosis of aspergillus fumigatus is mediated by classical pathway complement activation. | aspergillus fumigatus is an important airborne fungal pathogen and a major cause of invasive fungal infections. susceptible individuals become infected via the inhalation of dormant conidia. if the immune system fails to clear these conidia, they will swell, germinate and grow into large hyphal structures. neutrophils are essential effector cells for controlling a. fumigatus infection. in general, opsonization of microbial particles is crucial for efficient phagocytosis and killing by neutrophil ... | 2015 | 25676601 |
| pseudomonas aeruginosa manipulates redox and iron homeostasis of its microbiota partner aspergillus fumigatus via phenazines. | the opportunistic fungal pathogen aspergillus fumigatus is increasingly found as a coinfecting agent along with pseudomonas aeruginosa in cystic fibrosis patients. amongst the numerous molecules secreted by p. aeruginosa during its growth, phenazines constitute a major class. p. aeruginosa usually secreted four phenazines, pyocyanin (pyo), phenazine-1-carboxamide (pcn), 1-hydroxyphenazine (1-hp) and phenazine-1-carboxylic acid (pca). these phenazines inhibited the growth of a. fumigatus but the ... | 2015 | 25665925 |
| airway hyper-responsiveness to mannitol provides a good evaluation of atopy in childhood asthma. | the relationship between airway hyper-responsiveness (ahr) and atopy has been previously investigated, but there are still some issues to be clarified. the aim of this study was to assess the link between ahr and mannitol and atopy in asthmatic children. | 2015 | 25661794 |
| differential gene expression in aspergillus fumigatus induced by human platelets in vitro. | invasive aspergillosis is characterized by vascular invasion and thrombosis. in order to determine the antifungal activity of human platelets, hyphal elongation and metabolic activity of a clinical a. fumigatus isolate were measured. genome-wide identification of differentially expressed genes in a. fumigatus was performed after exposure to platelets for 15, 30, 60 and 180 min. data were analyzed by gene ontology annotation as well as functional categories (funcat) and kegg enrichment analyses. ... | 2015 | 25661519 |
| recognition of aspergillus fumigatus hyphae by human plasmacytoid dendritic cells is mediated by dectin-2 and results in formation of extracellular traps. | plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pdcs) were initially considered as critical for innate immunity to viruses. however, our group has shown that pdcs bind to and inhibit the growth of aspergillus fumigatus hyphae and that depletion of pdcs renders mice hypersusceptible to experimental aspergillosis. in this study, we examined pdc receptors contributing to hyphal recognition and downstream events in pdcs stimulated by a. fumigatus hyphae. our data show that dectin-2, but not dectin-1, participates in ... | 2015 | 25659141 |
| characterisation of alternaria alternata manganese-dependent superoxide dismutase, a cross-reactive allergen homologue to asp f 6. | it is well known that alternaria alternata presents a significant level of allergenic cross-reactivity with several other phylogenetically related and non-related allergenic moulds. to improve the molecular diagnosis, the identification and characterisation of all clinically relevant allergens, including both species-specific and cross-reacting proteins, is required. in this study we report the molecular and immunological characterisation of the a. alternata manganese-dependent superoxide dismut ... | 2015 | 25657116 |
| assessment of probiotic, antifungal and cholesterol lowering properties of pediococcus pentosaceus kcc-23 isolated from italian ryegrass. | lactic acid bacteria (lab) are important for the processing of various food products. although genetically modified organisms have contributed to improvements in various food products, there are some limitations. thus, the discovery of wild strains from natural sources must be considered as the most suitable approach for identifying new lab. therefore, we planned to isolate and characterise the lab from italian ryegrass forage and evaluate their biological potential. | 2016 | 25655225 |
| [nadph oxidase-induced macrophage autophagy mediated by reactive oxygen species in aspergillus fumigatus infection]. | to investigate whether or not nadph oxidase (nox) participates in aspergillus fumigatus induced macrophage autophagy in raw264.7 cells and explore the possible mechanism. | 2015 | 25652860 |
| sphenoid sinus fungus ball by filaments of actinomycetes and aspergillus fumigatus. | we present a case of sphenoid sinus fungus ball caused by aspergillus fumigatus associated with actinomycosis. this case represents the first known reported infection caused by this rare association. | 2015 | 25652418 |
| in vitro activity of calcium sulfate and hydroxyapatite antifungal disks loaded with amphotericin b or voriconazole in consideration for adjunctive osteomyelitis management. | background: regarding antibiotic-loaded cements, there is an abundant amount of literature regarding the antibacterial in vitro inhibitory and clinical applications for the treatment of osteomyelitis. the opposite can be said about literature regarding in vitro antifungal-loaded cement drug delivery for the treatment of fungal osteomyelitis. methods: aspergillus fumigatus and candida (atcc 10231; atcc, manassas, virginia) were plated on antibiotic/antifungal-free plates. voriconazole- and amphot ... | 2015 | 25650835 |
| convergent synthesis of isomeric heterosaccharides related to the fragments of galactomannan from aspergillus fumigatus. | aspergillus fumigatus is a very common fungus with high pathogenic potential for immunosuppressed hospital patients. a. fumigatus galactomannan, being the part of its cell wall, is considered as a promising candidate for vaccine and diagnostic test-systems. in this article we report the convergent synthesis of pentasaccharide fragments of the galactomannan containing the β-(1→5)-linked galactofuranoside chain attached to o-3 or o-6 of a spacer-armed mannopyranoside residue. the synthesis of sele ... | 2015 | 25643073 |
| clinical efficacy and immunologic effects of omalizumab in allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. | allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (abpa) often presents with persistently uncontrolled asthma despite the use of corticosteroids and antifungal therapy. omalizumab is a humanized anti-ige monoclonal antibody currently used to treat severe asthma. | 2015 | 25640470 |
| phagocytosis-dependent activation of a tlr9-btk-calcineurin-nfat pathway co-ordinates innate immunity to aspergillus fumigatus. | transplant recipients on calcineurin inhibitors are at high risk of invasive fungal infection. understanding how calcineurin inhibitors impair fungal immunity is a key priority for defining risk of infection. here, we show that the calcineurin inhibitor tacrolimus impairs clearance of the major mould pathogen aspergillus fumigatus from the airway, by inhibiting macrophage inflammatory responses. this leads to defective early neutrophil recruitment and fungal clearance. we confirm these findings ... | 2015 | 25637383 |
| cyclic colisporifungin and linear cavinafungins, antifungal lipopeptides isolated from colispora cavincola. | colisporifungin (1), a cyclic depsilipopeptide structurally related to the aselacins, and cavinafungins a and b, two linear peptides, were isolated from liquid culture broths of the hitherto unstudied fungus colispora cavincola using a candida albicans whole-cell assay as well as a bioassay to detect compounds potentiating the antifungal activity of caspofungin. the structural elucidation, including the absolute configuration of the new molecules, was accomplished using a combination of spectros ... | 2015 | 25636062 |
| real-time monitoring of hydrogen cyanide (hcn) and ammonia (nh₃) emitted by pseudomonas aeruginosa. | we present the real-time monitoring of hydrogen cyanide (hcn) production from pseudomonas aeruginosa (p. aeruginosa) strains in vitro, using laser-based photoacoustic spectroscopy. simultaneously, the production of ammonia (nh3) was measured, and the influence of different factors (e.g. the medium, temperature and antibiotics treatment) was assessed. both reference strains and clinical isolates of patients with cf were studied, and compared to other pathogens commonly present in lungs/airways of ... | 2015 | 25634638 |
| detection of aspergillus-specific antibodies by agar gel double immunodiffusion and igg elisa in feline upper respiratory tract aspergillosis. | feline upper respiratory tract aspergillosis (urta) is an emerging infectious disease. the aims of this study were: (1) to assess the diagnostic value of detection of aspergillus-specific antibodies using an agar gel double immunodiffusion (agid) assay and an indirect immunoglobulin g (igg) elisa; and (2) to determine if an aspergillin derived from mycelia of aspergillus fumigatus, aspergillus niger and aspergillus flavus can be used to detect serum antibodies against cryptic aspergillus spp. in ... | 2015 | 25634077 |
| mechanism of n-hydroxylation catalyzed by flavin-dependent monooxygenases. | aspergillus fumigatus siderophore (sida), a member of class b flavin-dependent monooxygenases, was selected as a model system to investigate the hydroxylation mechanism of heteroatom-containing molecules by this group of enzymes. sida selectively hydroxylates ornithine to produce n(5)-hydroxyornithine. however, sida is also able to hydroxylate lysine with lower efficiency. in this study, the hydroxylation mechanism and substrate selectivity of sida were systematically studied using dft calculati ... | 2015 | 25633869 |
| chitin enhances serum ige in aspergillus fumigatus induced allergy in mice. | aspergillus fumigatus (a. fumigatus) is a ubiquitous fungus that activates, suppresses or modulates the immune response by changing its cell wall structure and by secreting proteases. in this study, we show that chitin acts as an adjuvant in a murine model of a. fumigatus protease induced allergy. the mice were immunised intraperitoneally with a. fumigatus culture filtrate antigen either with or without chitin and were subsequently challenged with the culture filtrate antigen intranasally. alum ... | 2015 | 25631683 |
| sputum and bronchial secretion samples are equally useful as bronchoalveolar lavage samples for the diagnosis of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in selected patients. | in the absence of histopathology studies of lung biopsies, the bronchoalveolar lavage (bal) sample is preferred for the diagnosis of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. isolation of aspergillus fumigatus from sputum and bronchial secretion samples are commonly interpreted as colonization or laboratory contamination, particularly in nonneutropenic patients. we studied if sputum/bronchial secretions and bal samples are equally useful for the diagnosis of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. we retrospe ... | 2015 | 25631477 |
| emergence of azole-resistant invasive aspergillosis in hsct recipients in germany. | aspergillus fumigatus is the most common agent of invasive aspergillosis (ia). in recent years, resistance to triazoles, the mainstay of ia therapy, has emerged in different countries worldwide. ia caused by azole-resistant a. fumigatus (araf) shows an exceedingly high mortality. in this study, ia due to araf isolates in hsct recipients in germany was investigated. | 2015 | 25630644 |
| il-1α signaling is critical for leukocyte recruitment after pulmonary aspergillus fumigatus challenge. | aspergillus fumigatus is a mold that causes severe pulmonary infections. our knowledge of how a. fumigatus growth is controlled in the respiratory tract is developing, but still limited. alveolar macrophages, lung resident macrophages, and airway epithelial cells constitute the first lines of defense against inhaled a. fumigatus conidia. subsequently, neutrophils and inflammatory ccr2+ monocytes are recruited to the respiratory tract to prevent fungal growth. however, the mechanism of neutrophil ... | 2015 | 25629406 |
| the molecular mechanism of azole resistance in aspergillus fumigatus: from bedside to bench and back. | the growing use of immunosuppressive therapies has resulted in a dramatic increased incidence of invasive fungal infections (ifis) caused by aspergillus fumigatus, a common pathogen, and is also associated with a high mortality rate. azoles are the primary guideline-recommended therapy agents for first-line treatment and prevention of ifis. however, increased azole usage in medicinal and agricultural settings has caused azole-resistant isolates to repeatedly emerge in the environment, resulting ... | 2015 | 25626363 |
| aspergillus fumigatus mycovirus causes mild hypervirulent effect on pathogenicity when tested on galleria mellonella. | mycoviruses are a specific group of viruses that naturally infect and replicate in fungi. the importance of mycoviruses was revealed after their effects were identified not only in economically important fungi but also in the human pathogenic fungus aspergillus fumigatus. the latter was shown recently to harbor at least three different types of mycoviruses including a chrysovirus, a partitivirus and an as yet uncharacterized virus. assessment of virulence in the presence and absence of mycovirus ... | 2015 | 25626171 |
| compartment-specific and sequential role of myd88 and card9 in chemokine induction and innate defense during respiratory fungal infection. | aspergillus fumigatus forms ubiquitous airborne conidia that humans inhale on a daily basis. although respiratory fungal infection activates the adaptor proteins card9 and myd88 via c-type lectin, toll-like, and interleukin-1 family receptor signals, defining the temporal and spatial pattern of myd88- and card9-coupled signals in immune activation and fungal clearance has been difficult to achieve. herein, we demonstrate that myd88 and card9 act in two discrete phases and in two cellular compart ... | 2015 | 25621893 |
| the diagnostic criteria for allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis in children with poorly controlled asthma need to be re-evaluated. | the aim of this study was to examine the association between allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (abpa) and poorly controlled asthma in children and appraise the diagnostic criteria. | 2015 | 25620428 |
| comparison of diagnostic tools for the detection of aspergillosis in blood samples of experimentally infected falcons. | antemortem diagnosis of avian aspergillosis is very challenging. diagnostic assays using blood samples would aid in an early and more definitive diagnosis. in the current study, detection of anti-aspergillus antibodies, aspergillus antigen, and aspergillus toxin (fumigaclavine a), protein electrophoresis and measurement of acute-phase protein concentrations were performed on serum of 18 adult and plasma of 21 juvenile gyr-saker hybrid falcons (falco rusticolus x falco cherrug). adult (n = 15) an ... | 2014 | 25619004 |
| the three-dimensional structure of the cellobiohydrolase cel7a from aspergillus fumigatus at 1.5 å resolution. | the enzymatic degradation of plant cell-wall cellulose is central to many industrial processes, including second-generation biofuel production. key players in this deconstruction are the fungal cellobiohydrolases (cbhs), notably those from family gh7 of the carbohydrate-active enzymes (cazy) database, which are generally known as cbhi enzymes. here, three-dimensional structures are reported of the aspergillus fumigatus cbhi cel7a solved in uncomplexed and disaccharide-bound forms at resolutions ... | 2015 | 25615982 |
| evaluation of mold exposure in cystic fibrosis patients' dwellings and allergic bronchopulmonary risk. | very few studies have been conducted on cystic fibrosis (cf) patients' exposure to the indoor environment and, to our knowledge, there are no studies dealing with the link between specific fungal environmental exposure at home and fungal colonization resulting in allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (abpa). fungal exposure of cf adult patients with abpa (n=4) with fungal sensitization (n=7) and with no abpa (n=5) was assessed in 16 homes by dust sampling with electrostatic dust fall collector ... | 2015 | 25612900 |
| the serum opsonin l-ficolin is detected in lungs of human transplant recipients following fungal infections and modulates inflammation and killing of aspergillus fumigatus. | invasive aspergillosis (ia) is a life-threatening systemic fungal infection in immunocompromised individuals that is caused by aspergillus fumigatus. the human serum opsonin, l-ficolin, has been observed to recognize a. fumigatus and could participate in fungal defense. | 2015 | 25612732 |
| persistence of nosocomial pathogens on various fabrics. | fabrics can become contaminated with high numbers of microorganisms that may be pathogenic to patients in a hospital setting and can play an important role in the chain of infection. the aim of this study was to investigate the survival of several clinical bacterial and fungal isolates on several fabrics commonly used in hospitals. | 2012 | 25610201 |
| in vitro activity of 23 tea extractions and epigallocatechin gallate against candida species. | in this study, we investigate the susceptibility of candida albicans, candida glabrata, candida krusei, candida parapsilosis, candida tropicalis, and aspergillus fumigatus using the eucast microdilution minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) method (final tea supernatant concentration range 5.0-0.005 mg/ml) to 23 different teas and tea catechins including epigallocatechin gallate (egcg) isolated from green tea. all teas exhibited potent in vitro antifungal activity against c. glabrata. six out o ... | 2015 | 25605775 |
| rate of cyp51a mutation in aspergillus fumigatus among lung transplant recipients with targeted prophylaxis. | the most common mechanism of azole (itraconazole and voriconazole) resistance in aspergillus fumigatus is a mutation at the cyp51a locus. the aim of our study was to determine the rate of cyp51a mutations in lung transplant recipients (ltr) undergoing targeted antifungal prophylaxis with 12 weeks of voriconazole. | 2015 | 25604745 |
| epidemiology of invasive fungal infections in lung transplant recipients on long-term azole antifungal prophylaxis. | lung transplant recipients (ltr) at our institution receive prolonged and mostly lifelong azole antifungal (af) prophylaxis. the impact of this prophylactic strategy on the epidemiology and outcome of invasive fungal infections (ifi) is unknown. this was a single-center, retrospective cohort study. we reviewed the medical records of all adult ltr from january 2002 to december 2011. overall, 16.5% (15 of 91) of patients who underwent lung transplantation during this time period developed ifi. nin ... | 2015 | 25604399 |
| physiological behaviour of gliotoxigenic aspergillus fumigatus sensu stricto isolated from maize silage under simulated environmental conditions. | environmental conditions play a key role in fungal development. during the silage production process, humidity, oxygen availability and ph vary among lactic-fermentation phases and among different silage sections. the aim of this work was to study the physiological behaviour of gliotoxicogenic aspergillus fumigatus strains isolated from maize silage under simulated natural physicochemical conditions - different water activities (a(w)), temperatures (tº), ph and oxygen pressure - on the growth pa ... | 2015 | 25599419 |
| high osmolarity glycerol response ptcb phosphatase is important for aspergillus fumigatus virulence. | aspergillus fumigatus is a fungal pathogen that is capable of adapting to different host niches and to avoid host defenses. an enhanced understanding of how, and which, a. fumigatus signal transduction pathways are engaged in the regulation of these processes is essential for the development of improved disease control strategies. protein phosphatases are central to numerous signal transduction pathways. to comprehend the functions of protein phosphatases in a. fumigatus, 32 phosphatase catalyti ... | 2015 | 25597841 |
| genetic control of asexual development in aspergillus fumigatus. | aspergillus fumigatus is one of the most common fungi found in the environment. it is an opportunistic human pathogen causing invasive pulmonary aspergillosis with a high mortality rate in immunocompromised patients. conidia, the asexual spores, serve as the main dispersal and infection agent allowing entrance of the fungus into the host through the respiratory tract. therefore, understanding the asexual developmental process that gives rise to the conidia is of great interest to the scientific ... | 2015 | 25596030 |
| an alkaloid and a steroid from the endophytic fungus aspergillus fumigatus. | two new compounds, fumitremorgin 12-methoxy-13-[5'-hydroxy-2'-(1''-hydroxy-3''-methoxy-5''-methylbenzoyl)-3'-methoxy]benzoic acid methyl ester (fumitremorgin d, 1) and 4,8,10,14-tetramethyl-6-acetoxy-14-[16-acetoxy-19-(20,21-dimethyl)-18-ene]-phenanthrene-1-ene-3,7-dione (2) were isolated from the cultured endophytic isolated fungus aspergillus fumigatus, together with fourteen known compounds. their structures were elucidated by 1-d and 2-d nmr analyses. the cytotoxicity profile of the compound ... | 2015 | 25594349 |
| allergen sensitization profiles in a population-based cohort of children hospitalized for asthma. | allergen sensitization is associated with asthma morbidity. a better understanding of allergen sensitization patterns among children hospitalized for asthma could help clinicians tailor care more effectively. to our knowledge, however, sensitization profiles among children hospitalized for asthma are unknown. | 2015 | 25594255 |
| efficacy of oleylphosphocholine (olpc) in vitro and in a mouse model of invasive aspergillosis. | invasive aspergillosis (ia) has become increasingly common and is characterised by high morbidity and mortality. upcoming resistance threatens treatment with azoles and highlights the continuous need for novel therapeutics. this laboratory study investigated the in vitro and in vivo potential of the alkylphospholipid oleylphosphocholine (olpc) against aspergillus. in vitro activities of olpc, miltefosine, posaconazole and voriconazole were determined for aspergillus fumigatus, a. niger, a. terre ... | 2015 | 25590577 |
| the strength of synergistic interaction between posaconazole and caspofungin depends on the underlying azole resistance mechanism of aspergillus fumigatus. | the majority of azole resistance mechanisms in aspergillus fumigatus correspond to mutations in the cyp51a gene. as azoles are less effective against infections caused by multiply azole-resistant a. fumigatus isolates, new therapeutic options are warranted for treating these infections. we therefore investigated the in vitro combination of posaconazole (posa) and caspofungin (cas) against 20 wild-type and resistant a. fumigatus isolates with 10 different resistance mechanisms. fungal growth was ... | 2015 | 25583716 |