Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| sequence analysis of the gene coding for the s1 glycoprotein of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) strains from new zealand. | four new infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) strains (t6, k32, k43, and k87) were isolated from clinically infected chickens in new zealand. these strains were compared with four strains (a, b, c, and d), which had circulated 25 years previously, by sequencing the gene coding for the s1 subunit of the spike glycoprotein. analysis of the nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences revealed that the eight strains from new zealand are genetically related and share greater than 82.8% nucleotide and 79 ... | 2008 | 18712588 |
| baculovirus up-regulates antiviral systems and induces protection against infectious bronchitis virus challenge in neonatal chicken. | in this study, the antheraea pernyi nuclear polyhedrosis virus (apnpv), a member of the baculovirus family, is evaluated for its stimulation of chicken peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) and macrophage cell line hd 11 in vitro, and protection against infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) in neonatal chickens in vivo. this study showed that apnpv significantly enhanced inflammatory cytokine mrna expression in chicken pbmc and hd 11 cells through the clathrin-dependent endocytic and endosomal m ... | 2008 | 18707025 |
| detection of viral antigen following exposure of one-day-old chickens to the holland 52 strain of infectious bronchitis virus. | one-day-old specific-pathogen-free single comb white leghorn chickens were inoculated by eyedrop with either 0.1 ml of phosphate buffered saline containing 10(4.3) eid50 of the holland 52 strain of infectious bronchitis virus or normal allantoic fluid. trachea, caecal tonsils and kidneys were removed from randomly selected birds at 0, 3, 5, 7 and 10 days post-inoculation (pi) and the presence or absence of viral antigen was detected utilizing virus isolation (vi), an indirect fluorescent antibod ... | 1991 | 18680063 |
| use of an infectious bronchitis virus and escherichia coli model infection to assess the ability to vaccinate successfully against infectious bronchitis in the presence of maternally-derived immunity. | using as challenge, a mixed infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) and escherichia coli infection, specified pathogen-free (spf) chicks and chicks with maternally-derived immunity (mdi) could be protected by a single intra-nasal vaccination with a live-attenuated ib vaccine given at 1 day of age against intranasal challenge with either a homologous or a heterologous ibv strain for at least 7 weeks. however, protection was incomplete if challenge occurred within approximately 14 days of vaccination. v ... | 1991 | 18680059 |
| comparative study of respiratory lesions in two chicken lines of different susceptibility infected with infectious bronchitis virus: histology, ultrastructure and immunohistochemistry. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) was inoculated intranasally into line c and line 151 chickens, which were resistant and highly susceptible, respectively, to ibv infection, and the resulting respiratory lesions compared. histologically, damage to the mucociliary system of the respiratory tract in line 151 persisted longer than in line c. using the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex method, ibv antigens were detected in histological sections of the tracheas of line 151 for a longer time than in li ... | 1991 | 18680019 |
| characterisation of strains of infectious bronchitis virus isolated in chile. | nine isolates of infectious bronchitis (ib)-like viruses were made from 23 flocks (broilers or layers) in chile experiencing the types of disease problems commonly associated with ibv. their identity as ib viruses was confirmed. the histological changes they caused in tracheal organ cultures (oc) are described. serum neutralisation tests performed in embryonated eggs (alpha-method) suggested that four of the isolates were serologically related to the massachusetts (mass) serotype of ibv and one ... | 1991 | 18680002 |
| comparison of the susceptibility to avian infectious bronchitis virus infection of two inbred lines of white leghorn chickens. | two inbred lines of white leghorn chickens, line c which are highly resistant to infection with avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), and line 151, which are highly susceptible, were challenged at 11 days of age with ibv massachusetts-41 (m41) strain. line 151 chickens showed more severe respiratory signs than line c and although similar amounts of virus were recovered from the tracheas of both lines for the first four days after inoculation, overall more virus was recovered from the respirat ... | 1990 | 18679958 |
| studies with a bivalent infectious bronchitis killed virus vaccine. | haemagglutination inhibition and virus neutralisation antibody responses of chickens given different vaccination programmes were compared. this was followed by a further experiment in which variously vaccinated laying hens were challenged at 30 weeks of age with two strains of infectious bronchitis virus of the "variant" dutch d207 serotype. chickens were given primary vaccinations to different strains of infectious bronchitis live virus during rearing and then injected at 16 weeks of age with i ... | 1990 | 18679956 |
| respiratory disease and immunity to challenge produced by australian strains of infectious bronchitis virus. | six australian isolates of ib virus were compared as to the severity of respiratory disease they produced and the immunity to challenge they conferred to the respiratory system. only one isolate. vac g/15, produced significant disease. four viruses fully protected the respiratory system from challenge (vac a(3), vac 3, 2032, and vac 4) while two viruses partially protected this system (vac 3/10 and vac g/15). a comparison between tracheal organ culture, histopathology and virus isolation as a me ... | 1990 | 18679940 |
| proteolytic processing of polyproteins 1a and 1ab between non-structural proteins 10 and 11/12 of coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus is dispensable for viral replication in cultured cells. | coronavirus 3c-like proteinase (3clpro) plays important roles in viral life cycle through extensive processing of the polyproteins 1a and 1ab into 12 mature, non-structural proteins (nsp5-nsp16). structural and biochemical studies have revealed that all confirmed 3clpro cleavage sites have a conserved gln residue at the p1 position, which is thought to be absolutely required for efficient cleavage. recent studies on murine hepatitis virus (mhv) showed that processing of the 1a polyprotein at the ... | 2008 | 18678384 |
| swollen head syndrome associated with e. coli and infectious bronchitis virus in the central valley of california. | a commercial broiler flock in the central valley of california experienced a sudden increase in mortality due to heavy culling. clinical signs included a snick, swollen heads and severe depression. necropsy and histology revealed tracheitis, rhinitis, facial cellulitis, blepharitis, episcleritis, otitis media and caseous exudate within the air spaces of cranial bones. escherichia coli serotype o78 was isolated from all lesions. infectious bronchitis virus (massachusetts serotype) was isolated fr ... | 1994 | 18671139 |
| vaccination of chickens against a belgian nephropathogenic strain of infectious bronchitis virus b1648 using attenuated homologous and heterologous strains. | white leghorn chicks without and with maternally derived antibodies (mda) to infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) and broiler chicks with mda were vaccinated at 1 day of age either with h120 vaccine, combined h120 and d274 vaccines or with a non-commercial attenuated strain derived from the virulent belgian nephropathogenic ibv strain, b1648. protection following challenge with virulent b1648 was assessed 4 weeks later by virus isolation from the trachea, antigen detection in the kidney by immunofl ... | 1994 | 18671130 |
| leukocyte subpopulations in kidney and trachea of chickens infected with infectious bronchitis virus. | using immunohistochemical methods, we studied the nephropathogenicity of the infectious bronchitis virus (ibv)-strain v1648- and the leukocyte phenotypes in the pathological lesions in the kidneys and the trachea formed after inoculation with this virus strain. one-day-old wla chickens were intravenously inoculated, and after 5, 7 and 11 days their kidneys, trachea and lungs were removed. monoclonal antibodies were used to detect viral antigen, and lymphoid and non-lymphoid cell populations. in ... | 1994 | 18671118 |
| a simple method for immunofluorescence staining of tracheal organ cultures for the rapid identification of infectious bronchitis virus. | a method is described for the simple application of immunofluorescence (if) staining for the identification of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) in tracheal organ cultures (toc). it involves the application of antiserum and fluorescent antiglobulin to unfixed toc. in toc inoculated with high titres of virus, specific fluorescence was observed in less than 24 h. if staining almost always occurred before ciliostasis. following experimental infection of chicks with ibv, virus could sometimes be det ... | 1994 | 18671114 |
| challenge experiments to evaluate cross-protection induced at the trachea and kidney level by vaccine strains and belgian nephropathogenic isolates of avian infectious bronchitis virus. | intravenous and aerosol challenge experiments were conducted to evaluate tracheal and renal cross-protection in chickens immunized either with infectious bronchitis virus vaccine strains or with nephropathogenic infectious bronchitis virus (nibv)-isolates. intravenous challenge was carried out with four belgian nibv-isolates and with the italian nibv-strain az23.74. virus titrations of tracheas collected at different times after aerosol challenge with the belgian reference nibv-strain b1648 demo ... | 1993 | 18671042 |
| a monoclonal antibody-based antigen capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for identification of infectious bronchitis virus serotypes. | an antigen-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (c-elisa) was developed for detection and identification of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) serotypes arkansas, connecticut, and massachusetts using monoclonal antibodies (mabs) specific to the s1 glycoprotein of the respective serotype. the assay (designed as a double-antibody sandwich assay) gave the best results when the s1-specific mab, antigen, and chicken serum were of the same serotype. however, when a group-specific (m glycoprotein-s ... | 1993 | 18671040 |
| the secretory antibody response of inbred lines of chicken to avian infectious bronchitis virus infection. | two-week-old chicks of a line highly resistant (line c) or highly susceptible (line 151) to infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) were inoculated with the massachusetts-41 strain of ibv. tracheal washings, saliva, lachrymal fluid and serum were collected at intervals after inoculation and titrated for their antibody content using neutralization tests and elisas. there was no marked difference in antibody concentrations in tracheal washings of the two lines, nor in neutralizing antibody or ibv-specif ... | 1992 | 18670987 |
| ascorbic acid and infectious bronchitis infections in broilers. | the effect of supplementing the feed of broiler chicks with different levels of ascorbic acid on the resistance against infectious bronchitis virus was investigated. resistance was measured by the severity of tracheal lesions and the development of airsacculitis after challenge. the effect of ascorbic acid was dose dependent. addition of 300 to 330 ppm ascorbic acid to the feed gave the best results. high concentrations (>600 ppm) had a less beneficial effect. | 1992 | 18670976 |
| infectious bronchitis virus: evidence for recombination within the massachusetts serotype. | the spike (s) glycoprotein gene (which encodes two subunits, s1 and s2), the membrane (m) glycoprotein gene and the gene which encodes the products of gene 3 are situated in the infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) genome in the order s1-s2-3-m. the s1 gene of four isolates of the massachusetts (mass) serotype, isolated between 1970 and 1984, each differed by only 2 to 3% from that of older mass serotype isolates, including m41 and h120. similarly, sequencing of the end of gene 3 and the beginning ... | 1992 | 18670955 |
| location of the amino acid differences in the s1 spike glycoprotein subunit of closely related serotypes of infectious bronchitis virus. | four uk strains of three different serotypes were found to differ by only 2-3% of their s1 amino acids. the s1 sequences were also very similar to those of three dutch isolates (d207, d274 and d3896), the greatest difference between two of the seven isolates being 4.4%. the few amino acid differences between the seven isolates were located largely between residues 19-122 and 251-347 of the mature s1 subunit. the seven isolates could be differentiated using 16 monoclonal antibodies in an enzyme-l ... | 1992 | 18670913 |
| field evaluation of maternal antibody transfer to a group of pathogens in meat-type chickens. | this study was conducted to evaluate the rate of antibody transfer on a flock basis from hens to their day-old chicks in meat-type chickens raised in a commercial setting. fifteen randomly selected hens from a commercial broiler-breeder flock were bled at 37, 40, and 45 wk of age. at day of bleeding, the collected eggs were identified and tracked through hatching where 30 hatchlings were randomly sampled and bled from the jugular vein. antibodies against 10 different pathogens were quantified fr ... | 2008 | 18648048 |
| genetic diversity of avian infectious bronchitis virus isolates in korea between 2003 and 2006. | thirty-three field isolates of avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) were recovered from commercial chicken flocks in korea between 2003 and 2006 and were characterized phylogenetically by nucleotide sequence analysis of the ibv s1 gene hyper-variable region. our phylogenetic analysis revealed that recent field isolates of ibv formed at least three distinct phylogenetic types, including k-i, k-ii, and k-iii. k-i type ibv consisted of indigenous, 13 ibv isolates which evolved from the kr-ej/95 ... | 2008 | 18646466 |
| identification of a newly isolated avian infectious bronchitis coronavirus variant in china exhibiting affinity for the respiratory tract. | twelve infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) isolates obtained from commercial chickens in china between 2005 and 2006 were characterized by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) and the sequencing of the entire s1 gene. ck/ch/lsd/05i--an ibv variant, which was unlike the nephropathogenic ibv isolates found in china--exhibited an affinity for the respiratory tract. the variant was identified by phylogenic analysis and basic local alignment search tool (blast) searches of the entir ... | 2008 | 18646462 |
| universal oligonucleotides for the detection of infectious bronchitis virus by the polymerase chain reaction. | the universality of seven pairs of oligonucleotides for detection of the coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) was examined using 41 isolates of ibv collected over five decades from europe, japan and the usa. oligonucleotides specific for sequences within the s2 region of the spike (s) gene (lin et al., 1991a) and nucleocapsid (n) gene (zwaagstra et al., 1992) gave the appropriate products with all 41 isolates. oligonu-cleotide ... | 1996 | 18645901 |
| detection and differentiation of avian infectious bronchitis viruses using a monoclonal antibody-based. | a sandwich elisa (selisa) employing four monoclonal antibodies as capture and igg from egg yolk of hyperimmune hens as detecting antibodies was developed for the simultaneous detection and differentiation of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) antigen in both allantoic fluid and tissues from experimental and field infections. between 10(2) and 10(3) median ciliostatic dose (cd50) of virus was required for the detection of the majority of ibv strains in allantoic fluid. in chicks infected with 10(4 ... | 1996 | 18645894 |
| cytopathology of chick renal epithelial cells experimentally infected with avian infectious bronchitis virus. | the renal ducto-tubular epithelial cells of chicks infected with the ma-87 strain of avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) were examined ultrastructurally. infected epithelial cells containing ibv particles were more numerous in the collecting ducts, collecting tubules, distal convoluted tubules and henle's loops than in the proximal convoluted tubules. virus particles invaded host cells through endocytotic vesicles. cytopathologic changes in the infected epithelial cells were manifested by a ... | 1996 | 18645891 |
| an in vitro comparison of the virulence of seven strains of infectious bronchitis virus using tracheal and oviduct organ cultures. | the virulence of seven infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) strains for tracheal and oviduct ciliated epithelium was assessed using an in vitro tracheal organ culture (toc) and oviduct organ culture (ooc) system. the ooc were prepared using oviducts obtained from oestrogen-treated chicks. all strains tested stopped ciliary beating in the oviduct by day 5 post-inoculation (p.i.) and in the trachea by day 3 p.i. this corresponded with the absence of immunofluorescent-stained cells in the epithelium a ... | 1996 | 18645889 |
| sequence of the spike protein of the belgian b164s isolate of nephropathogenic infectious bronchitis virus. | the sequence of the gene encoding the spike glycoprotein (s) of the 1984 belgian nephropathogenic isolate b1648 has been determined and shown to encode a protein of 1171 amino acids. comparison of the deduced amino acid sequence of the s1 (amino-terminal half) of s, which induces virus-neutralizing antibodies, with that of vaccinal strains d274, h120 and d1466 revealed that it differed from them by 21, 25 and 49%, respectively, and by 24 to 25% from the north american nephropathogenic isolates g ... | 1996 | 18645882 |
| immunopathogenesis of infection in spf chicks and commercial broiler chickens of a variant infectious bronchitis virus of economic importance. | the immunopathogenesis of an economically important variant of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) has been studied in day-old specific pathogen-free and 6-week-old broiler chickens. experimental infection caused very mild respiratory disease and no mortalities. diarrhoea was seen in the broilers. virus distribution and titre in respiratory, urinary and enteric tissues were assessed. in spf chicks, maximum virus isolations were from oesophagus, followed by trachea, kidney, lung and rectum. in cont ... | 1996 | 18645874 |
| histopathology and immunohistochemistry of renal lesions due to infectious bronchitis virus in chicks. | two-day-old specific-pathogen-free chicks were inoculated intranasally with the ma-87 strain of infectious bronchitis virus, and trachea and kidney lesions studied histologically and immunohistochemically. lesions and viral antigen were first detected in the trachea; severe damage was then observed in the kidney. viral antigen appeared prior to the development of renal lesions and was detected in the cytoplasm of epithelial cells by 4 days post-inoculation (p.i.). the epithelial cells of the col ... | 1996 | 18645858 |
| epithelial cell proliferation of collecting ducts and ureters in the regenerating process of interstitial nephritis caused by infectious bronchitis virus. | the time course of cell proliferation of collecting ducts and ureter epithelium in the regenerating process were investigated in 3-week-old chickens inoculated intravenously with nephropathogenic infectious bronchitis virus (ibv). histopathologically, collecting ducts and ureter epithelia showed severe degenerative changes from 3 to 4 days post-inoculation (p.i.), hyperplasia and hypertrophy by day 8 and had returned to normal by day 10. a labelling index using bromodeoxyuridine showed that the ... | 1996 | 18645840 |
| detection by immunofluorescent assay of serotype-specific and group-specific antigens of infectious bronchitis virus in tracheas of broilers with respiratory problems. | the performances of seven immunofluorescent assays (ifas) for infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) were examined on 115 trachea samples collected from 60 broiler flocks with clinical respiratory distress. whether ibv strains could be serotyped directly on trachea sections by ifas was examined using four different serotype-specific monoclonal antibodies (mabs). two group-specific ifas using two different group-specific mabs, were compared with a conventional ifa using a chicken hyperimmune anti-ibv ... | 1995 | 18645803 |
| re-excretion of infectious bronchitis virus in chickens induced by cyclosporin. | following inoculation of day-old chicks with moroccan strain 'g' of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) which has a predilection for the gut, virus was recovered from the trachea up to day 7 and from the cloaca up to day 35. after this no virus could be detected, even following the natural stress of re-housing with unfamiliar birds at 9 weeks. when the birds were 12.5 weeks old, they were injected with cyclosporin, a selective t-cell suppressor. four of the five birds re-excreted virus very errati ... | 1995 | 18645800 |
| immune responses to structural proteins of avian infectious bronchitis virus. | chickens were vaccinated with live and inactivated infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), and antibody responses to the individual structural proteins, s1, s2, m and n, followed by elisa and western blotting. all four structural proteins elicited an antibody response in chicks vaccinated with either live or inactivated ibv. the s1, s2 and n proteins elicited similar titres of antibodies following vaccination with live ibv, whereas the m glycoprotein elicited significantly lower titres. time of appea ... | 1995 | 18645789 |
| rapid selection in chickens of subpopulations within arkdpi-derived infectious bronchitis virus vaccines. | we examined spike (s) gene sequences of the virus populations of four different commercial arkdpi-derived infectious bronchitis coronavirus vaccines before and during a single passage in specific pathogen free chickens. we found different degrees of genetic heterogeneity among the four vaccines before passage in chickens, ranging from no apparent heterogeneity to heterogeneity in 20 positions in the s gene. in all except one position, nucleotide differences were non-synonymous. the majority of a ... | 2008 | 18568656 |
| a reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction survey of infectious bronchitis virus genotypes in western europe from 2002 to 2006. | a survey of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) genotypes in poultry flocks in selected countries in western europe was carried out between march 2002 and december 2006. identification of ibv was by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction of rna extracted from oropharyngeal swabs taken from poultry flocks exhibiting signs of clinical disease thought to be attributable to ibv. part of the hypervariable s1 gene of ibv was sequenced to differentiate between the various genotypes. during the s ... | 2008 | 18568650 |
| protection abilities of influenza b virus dna vaccines expressing hemagglutinin, neuraminidase, or both in mice. | every year, a vaccination against influenza b virus (ibv) is essential due to an antigenic variation. development of an efficient and convenient vaccine is important for the prevention of viral infection. this study reports examination of the protective immunity in mice evoked by a single inoculation of plasmid dna expressing hemagglutinin (ha dna) or neuraminidase (na dna) of ibv. the ha dna or na dna was injected intramuscularly into balb/c mice separately or as a mixture. the injection of pla ... | 2008 | 18564897 |
| [evaluation of the protection conferred by several avian infectious bronchitis attenuated vaccines against the field strain ck/ch/ldl/97 i in china]. | the entire s1 protein gene of five infectious bronchitis (ib) vaccine strains (jaas, ibn, jilin, j9, h120) used in china were compared with that of the ib field isolate ck/ch/ldl/97 i present in china. the nucleotide and deduced amino acid similarities between the five ib vaccine strains and the field strain, ck/ch/ldl/97 i, were not more than 76.4% and 78.7%, respectively. phylogenetic analysis based on the s1 gene showed that the vaccine strains and the field strain belonged to different clust ... | 2008 | 18536105 |
| [genetic variation of s1 gene hypervariable region i of infectious bronchitis viruses isolated in different periods in guangxi]. | the s1 gene hypervariable region i (hvr i) of 22 infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) strains isolated in guangxi during the period of 1985-2007 were sequenced and compared to that of the other ibv reference strains and the pigeon coronavirus isolates. a phylogenetic tree based on nucleotide sequences of hvr i of all the ibv showed that they were classified into 5 distinct clusters. 16 out of 22 ibv isolates were grouped into cluster i, and had higher homology with pigeon coronavirus isolates but l ... | 2008 | 18533344 |
| complete nucleotide sequence of polyprotein gene 1 and genome organization of turkey coronavirus. | the complete nucleotide sequence of polyprotein gene 1 and the assembled full-length genome sequence are presented for turkey coronavirus (tcov) isolates 540 and atcc. the tcov polyprotein gene encoded two open reading frames (orfs), which are translated into two products, pp1a and pp1ab, the latter being produced via -1 frameshift translation. tcov polyprotein pp1a and pp1ab were predicted to be processed to 15 non-structure proteins (nsp2-nsp16), with nsp1 missing. clustalw analysis revealed 8 ... | 2008 | 18514348 |
| transmission of infectious bronchitis virus within vaccinated and unvaccinated groups of chickens. | the aim of this study was to determine whether vaccination against infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) reduces virus transmission, i.e. to test whether ibv transmission among vaccinated chickens is significantly reduced compared to that among unvaccinated chickens. in two vaccinated and two unvaccinated groups of spf chickens, a standard measure for virus transmission, the reproduction ratio (r) was determined. r is defined as the average number of new infections caused by one typical infectious i ... | 1998 | 18484273 |
| relationship between sequence variation in the s1 spike protein of infectious bronchitis virus and the extent of cross-protection in vivo. | the notion that the s1 subunit of the spike glycoprotein (s) of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is the major inducer of protective immunity has been examined. groups of 10 1-day-old chicks were vaccinated with isolate uk/6/82 and challenged in-tranasally 3 or 6 weeks later with strains whose s1 protein differed from that of uk/6/82 to different extents: nl/d207/79, uk/142/86 and uk/167/84 (2%), uk/123/82 (4%), uk/918/67 (19%), usa/m41/41 and portugal/322/82 (20%; both of the massachusetts sero ... | 1997 | 18484262 |
| antigenic and immunogenic characterization of infectious bronchitis virus strains isolated in china between 1986 and 1995. | eight strains of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) were isolated between 1986 and 1995 from broilers and layers at eight different farms in four provinces in china. the viruses were isolated from flocks which suffered from either respiratory disease or nephritis and the majority had not been vaccinated against ibv. six strains were shown by monoclonal antibodies to differ from h120, connecticut and arkansas 99 strains of ibv and also to differ from each other. four of these strains were serotype ... | 1998 | 18484046 |
| development and application of an aerosol challenge method for reproduction of avian colibacillosis. | we have developed a reliable aerosol challenge method for reproduction of avian colibacillosis. this method involves intranasal administration of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) to 1-day-old birds followed by three aerosol administrations of .e. coli at 3 to 4-day intervals. in four separate experiments there was no significant difference in virulence for a single isolate of .e. coli (e3) whereas four other field isolates of .e. coli ranged from highly virulent to avirulent. we also observed t ... | 1998 | 18484035 |
| epidemiological classification of infectious bronchitis virus isolated in korea between 1986 and 1997. | forty korean isolates and four reference strains of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) were classified by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) analysis. each korean isolate was isolated from different types of commercial chicken flocks between 1986 and 1997. rflp patterns of an amplified dna fragment (1722 bp) containing the s1 gene of ibv digested by restriction enzyme haeiii showed that the 40 korean isolates were classified into fi ... | 1998 | 18484021 |
| intracloacal infection with avian infectious bronchitis virus. | an infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) strain hs-91 isolated from kidneys of chicks which died of nephrosis was inoculated via the cloaca of specific pathogen-free (spf) chicks. these chicks showed more severe clinical signs, grosser kidney lesions and higher mortality than chicks inoculated with the same ibv strain via the trachea. | 1998 | 18484004 |
| detection of specific igm antibodies to infectious bronchitis virus by an antibody-capture elisa. | the results of a new antibody-capture elisa (alpha-igm-ibv elisa), specific for igm directed against infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) show that this assay is a useful tool for diagnosing ibv infections. the data include individual results of the alpha-igm-ibv elisa in sequential spf chicken sera after vaccination with h120 and challenge with m41, the specificity is based on results of 499 spf sera, and the sensitivity on sera from experimentally vaccinated and challenged birds. also reported ar ... | 1998 | 18483980 |
| infectious bronchitis virus: immunopathogenesis of infection in the chicken. | the immunopathogenesis of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) infection in the chicken is reviewed. while infectious bronchitis (ib) is considered primarily a disease of the respiratory system, different ibv strains may show variable tissue tropisms and also affect the oviduct and the kidneys, with serious consequences. some strains replicate in the intestine but apparently without pathological changes. pectoral myopathy has been associated with an important recent variant. several factors can inf ... | 1997 | 18483939 |
| cross-reactive cellular immune responses in chickens vaccinated with live infectious bronchitis virus vaccine. | two-week-old chickens were vaccinated intra-nasally with a live infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) vaccine (h120). on days 4, 7, 11 and 14 post-vaccination (p.v.) spleen mononuclear cells (mnc) prepared from control and vaccinated chickens were stimulated in vitro with homologous (strain m41) and heterologous (strains 7 and 793/b) virus antigens. antigen-specific lymphoproliferation and interleukin-2 (il-2) and interferon-y (ifn) production were used to measure cross-reactive cell mediated immune ... | 1997 | 18483933 |
| molecular analysis of the 793/b serotype of infectious bronchitis virus in great britain. | since the winter of 1990/91 respiratory disease of poultry in great britain has commonly been associated with the 793/b (or 4/91) serotype of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv). we have sequenced a variable part of the s1 region of the spike protein (5) gene. comparison of up to 270 nucleotides of 12 british 793/b isolates, obtained in 1991 and 1993, revealed 94 to 100% nucleotide identity with each other. eleven of them fell into one of two subgroups, a and b, one isolate forming subgroup c. ide ... | 1997 | 18483932 |
| histopathology and immunohistochemistry of renal lesions due to avian infectious bronchitis virus in chicks uninoculated and previously inoculated with highly virulent infectious bursal disease virus. | a nephropathogenic strain of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) was inoculated intra-tracheally into 14-day-old specific-pathogen-free chicks or ones previously inoculated with highly virulent infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) at 7 days of age. the renal lesions were examined histopathologically and immunohistochemi-cally at intervals up to 30 days post-inoculation. the mortality was 20% in the ibdv + ibv-inoculated group, but not in the ibv-inoculated one. swollen and pale kidneys due to ib ... | 1997 | 18483931 |
| susceptibility of organ cultures from chicken tissues for strains of infectious bronchitis virus isolated from the intestine. | organ cultures were prepared from various levels of intestine and kidney of 2 to 4-week old specific-pathogen-free chickens, and their susceptibility to ten strains of infectious bronchitis virus isolated from the chicken intestine and the massachusetts strain m41 was investigated. the ability of a virus to grow depended on the strain of virus and size of the inoculum. while proventriculus, bursa and kidney were found to be universally susceptible to all viruses tested, some strains did not grow ... | 1997 | 18483928 |
| effect of heterophil depletion by 5-fluorouracil on infectious bronchitis virus infection in chickens. | an anti-tumour drug, 5-fluorouracil (5 fu) was used to deplete heterophils in 11-day-old white leghorn chickens. the reduction in heterophil numbers was monitored by total and differential white cell counts in the peripheral blood. three days after injection of 5 fu, when the heterophil numbers were significantly reduced, chickens were infected with the massachusetts strain of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv). following infection, although the numbers of birds exhibiting clinical signs (nasal e ... | 1997 | 18483918 |
| effect of t-cell suppression by cyclosporin on primary and persistent infections of infectious bronchitis virus in chickens. | two-week-old white leghorn (wl) chickens were inoculated intra-nasally with 4.51ogio median ciliostatic doses (cd50) of ibv strain m41. cyclosporin (csp) (100 mg/kg body weight) was injected intra-muscularly 3 days before virus infection and every 3 days till day 15 post-infection (p.i.). significant reduction in proliferation responses of whole blood lymphocytes to a t-cell mitogen, concanavalin a were induced, but not to a b and t-cell mitogen, pokeweed mitogen. mortality in the ibv + csp grou ... | 1997 | 18483906 |
| the expression of gicerin, a cell adhesion molecule, in regenerating process of collecting ducts and ureters of the chicken kidney following infection with a nephrotropic strain of infectious bronchitis virus. | gicerin is a novel cell adhesion molecule belonging to the immunoglobulin super-family. in this study, we examined the relationship between the expression of gicerin, and the regenerating process of collecting ducts and ureters of chickens with interstitial nephritis caused by a nephrotropic strain of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv). immunohistochemical analysis showed that gicerin expression was found on the epithelial cells of collecting ducts and ureters in the embryonic kidneys, but was un ... | 1997 | 18483905 |
| sensitivity and specificity of serological tests for infectious bronchitis virus antibodies in broilers. | broilers with maternally-derived immunity (mdi) to infectious bronchitis (ib) were either spray-vaccinated with h120 at 1 day old, or not vaccinated, then challenged at 28 days with one of four different ibv serotypes. birds were bled frequently and the sera tested by agar gel precipitation (agp), haemagglutination inhibition (hi), 2 commercial elisas, and virus neutralization (vn) to compare the sensitivity and specificity of the assays. the agp detected a transient response to challenge with a ... | 1997 | 18483894 |
| complete genomic sequence of turkey coronavirus. | turkey coronavirus (tcov), one of the least characterized of all known coronaviruses, was isolated from an outbreak of acute enteritis in young turkeys in ontario, canada, and the full-length genomic sequence was determined. the full-length genome was 27,632 nucleotides plus the 3' poly(a) tail. two open reading frames, orfs 1a and 1b, resided in the first two thirds of the genome, and nine additional downstream orfs were identified. a gene for hemagglutinin-esterase was absent in tcov. the regi ... | 2008 | 18468711 |
| health evaluation of free-ranging humboldt penguins (spheniscus humboldti) in peru. | as part of ongoing ecological studies of humboldt penguins (spheniscus humboldti) at punta san juan, ica department, peru, health surveys were conducted in november 1992, 1993, and 1994. in the three surveys, 98 birds in total were handled for examination, and blood was collected for laboratory analysis from 90 of these birds. all birds seemed to be in good condition. body weights of females were significantly lower in 1994 than in the other years. fleas (parapsyllus humboldti) and ticks (ornith ... | 2008 | 18459309 |
| isolation and characterization of chlamydophila psittaci isolated from laying hens with cystic oviducts. | the objective of this study was to isolate and identify a hypothetical chlamydiaceae pathogen from laying hens with an oviduct cyst, and to characterize its potential causal relation with decreased egg production. our clinical survey showed that cystic oviducts were prevalent at rates of 10% and 15.1% in breeder and commercial hen flocks, respectively. chlamydial antigens were detected in 20 of 50 pharyngeal swabs (40%) and in 17 of 20 oviduct tissues (85%) using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assa ... | 2008 | 18459300 |
| pre-validation study for testing of avian viral vaccines for extraneous agents by pcr. | the biological nature of vaccines imposes a permanent risk for contamination with extraneous agents. therefore, testing of vaccines for freedom from extraneous agents is essential in the manufacturing process and quality control. relevant methods for testing for extraneous agents of avian viral vaccines are specified in the monographs of the european pharmacopoeia (ph. eur.). currently, most of these methods involve the use of embryonated eggs or chickens. polymerase chain reaction (pcr) is a wi ... | 2007 | 18413134 |
| infection of the tracheal epithelium by infectious bronchitis virus is sialic acid dependent. | avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is a coronavirus that infects chickens via the respiratory epithelium as primary target cells. the binding of coronaviruses to the cell surface is mediated by the viral surface protein s. recently we demonstrated that alpha2,3-linked sialic acid serves as a receptor determinant for ibv on vero cells and primary chicken embryo kidney cells. here we analyze the importance of the sialic acid binding activity for the infection of tracheal organ cultures (tocs) ... | 2008 | 18396435 |
| predicting ribosomal frameshifting efficiency. | many retroviruses use -1 ribosomal frameshifting as part of the mechanism in translational control of viral protein synthesis. quantitative prediction of the efficiency of -1 frameshifting is crucial for understanding the viral gene expression. here we investigate the free energy landscape for a minimal -1 programmed ribosomal frameshifting machinery, including the codon-anticodon base pairs at the slippery site, the downstream messenger rna structure and the spacer between the slippery site and ... | 2008 | 18367782 |
| the role of phagocytic cells in enhanced susceptibility of broilers to colibacillosis after infectious bronchitis virus infection. | colibacillosis results from infection with avian pathogenic escherichia coli bacteria. healthy broilers are resistant to inhaled e. coli, but previous infection with vaccine or virulent strains of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) predisposes birds for severe colibacillosis. we investigated whether ibv affects recruitment and function of phagocytic cells and examined no production, phagocytic and bactericidal activity, and kinetics of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) and splenocytes. mo ... | 2008 | 18359518 |
| molecular subtype of infectious bronchitis virus in broiler flocks in jordan. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) causes respiratory disease in chickens all over the world. infectious bronchitis virus has many serotypes that do not confer cross protection against each other. the current study was designed to know which ibv types were circulating in jordanian broiler chickens. tracheal swabs from 175 broiler flocks at the acute phase of respiratory disease were collected. the swabs were subjected to rna extraction and tested by reverse transcription pcr (rt-pcr). specific-ne ... | 2008 | 18339986 |
| enhancement of the immunogenicity of an infectious bronchitis virus dna vaccine by a bicistronic plasmid encoding nucleocapsid protein and interleukin-2. | a dna vaccine against infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) can induce specific humoral and cell-mediated immunity. however, compared to conventional vaccines, dna vaccines usually induce poor antibody responses. to develop a more potent ibv dna vaccine formulations, a monocistronic vector encoding the nucleocapsid protein of ibv and a bicistronic vector separately encoding the nucleocapsid protein and immune-stimulatory interleukin-2 were constructed. when the dna vaccines were administered to the ... | 2008 | 18329109 |
| identification of the avian infectious bronchitis coronaviruses with mutations in gene 3. | the sequence of a 6.0-kb fragment was compared in the 3'-encoding region of the genome in 27 infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) strains. all these strains have the same s-3-m-5-n gene order, as is the case for other ibvs. however, the sizes of the corresponding open reading frames (orfs) of some genes varied among the virus strains. phylogenetic analysis and sequence alignments demonstrated that recombination events had occurred in the origin and evolution of the strains ck/ch/lsd/03i and ck/ch/l ... | 2008 | 18295413 |
| molecular survey of avian respiratory pathogens in commercial broiler chicken flocks with respiratory diseases in jordan. | acute respiratory tract infections are of paramount importance in the poultry industry. avian influenza virus (aiv), infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), newcastle disease virus (ndv), avian pneumovirus (apv), and mycoplasma gallisepticum (mg) have been recognized as the most important pathogens in poultry. in this study, trachea swabs from 115 commercial broiler chicken flocks that suffered from respiratory disease were tested for aiv subtype h9n2, ibv, ndv, and apv by using reverse transcription ... | 2008 | 18281569 |
| [potent immune responses elicited by a bicistronic ibv dna vaccine expressing s1 and il-2 gene]. | abstract: candidate ibv vaccines should elicit cellular responses as well as humoral responses. si gene of avian infectious bronchitis virus and interleukin-2 (il-2) gene from chicken were inserted into the bicistronic pires-egfp/ dsred plasmid. the pires-s1, pires-il2 and pires-s1/il-2 plasmid expressing or co-expressing s1 and il-2 gene were constructed. plasmids were transfected into the vero cells by lipofectamine, and the expressed products were detected by rt-pcr and indirect immunofluores ... | 2007 | 18271263 |
| targeted protein accumulation promoted by autoassembly and its recovery from plant cells. | the expression of a fusion protein formed between the avian infectious bronchitis virus m protein and the bacterial enzyme beta-glucuronidase (gus) in plants promotes the formation of new organization of the endoplasmic reticulum in tobacco plants. this unusual organization of the membranes, never present in nontransformed plants, has been explained by the oligomerization of the gus domains of the ibvm-gus fusion proteins. these specific organized membranes could have broad implications for biot ... | 2008 | 18264977 |
| avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis attenuated live vaccines undergo selection of subpopulations and mutations following vaccination. | in this study, we were interested in determining if high titered egg adapted modified live infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) vaccines contain spike gene related quasispecies that undergo selection in chickens, following vaccination. we sequenced the spike glycoprotein of 12 ibv vaccines (5 different serotypes from 3 different manufacturers) directly from the vaccine vial, then compared that sequence with reisolated viruses from vaccinated and contact-exposed birds over time. we found differences ... | 2008 | 18262691 |
| molecular characterization of infectious bronchitis virus strains isolated from the enteric contents of brazilian laying hens and broilers. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is the causative agent of avian infectious bronchitis, which is characterized by respiratory, reproductive, and renal signs. however, the role of ibv as an enteric pathogen in still controversial. in brazil, antigenic groups of ibv divergent from the massachusetts serotype used for vaccination schedules in that country have already been demonstrated. the present study aimed to assess the different genotypes of ibv in brazilian commercial poultry flocks by partia ... | 2007 | 18251411 |
| evaluating viral interference between infectious bronchitis virus and newcastle disease virus vaccine strains using quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. | the potential for infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) and newcastle disease virus (ndv) replication interference was evaluated using quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qrt-pcr). fourteen-day-old broiler chickens were inoculated via eyedrop with live commercial vaccine strains of ibv and ndv alone or in combination to directly evaluate ibv and ndv replication in the trachea at 1, 3, and 5 days after vaccination. commercial ndv vaccine strains used were b1, vg/ga, and c2. ... | 2007 | 18251404 |
| orchitis in roosters with reduced fertility associated with avian infectious bronchitis virus and avian metapneumovirus infections. | the pathogenesis of infection involving both infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) and avian metapneumovirus (ampv) causes reproductive damage in hens after viral replication in the epithelium of the oviduct, resulting in loss of cilia and degeneration and necrosis of the epithelial and glandular cells. although ibv has been indicated as a possible cause of the formation of calcium stones in the epididymus of roosters, a definitive association has not been confirmed. this report describes the detect ... | 2007 | 18251400 |
| coinfection of avian influenza virus (h9n2 subtype) with infectious bronchitis live vaccine. | avian influenza virus of h9n2 subtype is pathotyped as a non-highly pathogenic virus. however, frequent incidences of avian influenza of high mortality that are caused by h9n2 viruses have been observed in broiler chicken farms in iran and some other asian countries. coinfections or environmental factors may be involved in such cases. infectious microorganisms have been implicating in taking part in the cases of coinfection. we studied the effect of experimental coinfection of h9n2 avian influen ... | 2008 | 18247102 |
| coronavirus spike protein inhibits host cell translation by interaction with eif3f. | in response to viral infection, the expression of numerous host genes, including predominantly a number of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, is usually up-regulated at both transcriptional and translational levels. it was noted that in cells infected with coronavirus, transcription and translation of some of these genes were differentially induced. drastic induction of their expression at the transcriptional level was observed in cells infected with coronavirus. however, induction of the ... | 2008 | 18231581 |
| molecular epidemiology and evolution of avian infectious bronchitis virus in spain over a fourteen-year period. | an in-depth molecular study of infectious bronchitis viruses (ibv) with particular interest in evolutionary aspects of ibv in spain was carried out in the present study based on the s1 gene molecular characterization of twenty-six spanish strains isolated over a fourteen-year period. four genotypes were identified based on s1 gene sequence analyses and phylogenetic studies. a drastic virus population shift was demonstrated along time and the novel italy 02 serotype was shown to have displaced th ... | 2008 | 18215734 |
| chinese qx strain of infectious bronchitis virus isolated in the uk. | 2008 | 18204039 | |
| genotyping of canadian isolates of fowl adenoviruses. | five hundred and seventy-three clinical submissions with fowl adenovirus (fadv) involvement were examined to investigate the association of different types of fadv with clinical problems related to fadv infection. samples were received from 2000 to 2006 and originated from seven canadian provinces. four hundred and eighty-seven submissions were inclusion body hepatitis (ibh) related, while 86 were not ibh related. viruses isolated from 287 samples were further analysed by hexon gene loop 1 seque ... | 2008 | 18202956 |
| inhibition of gene expression directed by small interfering rnas in infectious bronchitis virus. | in this study, fourteen small interfering rnas (sirnas) were synthesized for targeting of coding gene sequences, specific 5'-leader sequence of mrna and 3'-end sequence of the infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) genome. the expression of viral genes in vero-e6 cells was detected by real-time pcr. obtained results indicated that the majority of sirnas could effectively inhibit the expression of viral genes. the inhibition effect of sirnas significantly differed among various genes and sites on the ... | 2007 | 18197734 |
| mannan-binding lectin (mbl) serum concentration in relation to propagation of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) in chickens. | mannan-binding lectin (mbl) is a collectin that mediates activation of the complement system and is of importance for host defenses. in humans low concentrations of mbl in serum have been associated with susceptibility to several viral diseases. to understand the function of mbl in relation to infectious viral diseases two chicken lines were selected for high and low concentrations of mbl in serum for several generations. offspring from the two sub-lines were subjected to infection with infectio ... | 2007 | 18158730 |
| demonstration of an interference phenomenon associated with infectious bronchitis virus of chickens. | 1949 | 18151933 | |
| the spike protein of infectious bronchitis virus is retained intracellularly by a tyrosine motif. | we have analyzed the intracellular transport of the spike (s) protein of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), an avian coronavirus. surface expression was analyzed by immunofluorescence microscopy, by surface biotinylation, and by syncytium formation by s-expressing cells. by applying these methods, the s protein was found to be retained intracellularly. tyr1143 in the cytoplasmic tail was shown to be a crucial component of the retention signal. deletion of a dilysine motif that has previously bee ... | 2008 | 18094153 |
| structures of two coronavirus main proteases: implications for substrate binding and antiviral drug design. | coronaviruses (covs) can infect humans and multiple species of animals, causing a wide spectrum of diseases. the coronavirus main protease (m(pro)), which plays a pivotal role in viral gene expression and replication through the proteolytic processing of replicase polyproteins, is an attractive target for anti-cov drug design. in this study, the crystal structures of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) m(pro) and a severe acute respiratory syndrome cov (sars-cov) m(pro) mutant (h41a), in complex w ... | 2008 | 18094151 |
| construction and functional test of a chicken mhc-i (bf2*15)/peptide tetramer. | the major histocompatibility complex class i (mhc class i) peptide tetramer is a sensitive and valuable tool to evaluate antigen-specific cytotoxic t lymphocytes (ctls) of many animal species. to date, no chicken mhc class i peptide tetramer has been reported. in this report, we describe construction and functional evaluation of a chicken mhc-i (bf2*15)/peptide tetramer. to construct the chicken mhc class i peptide tetramer, genes of the chicken mhc-i alpha chain (bf2*15) and beta2 microglobulin ... | 2008 | 18077001 |
| infectious bronchitis viruses with a novel genomic organization. | a number of novel infectious bronchitis viruses (ibvs) were previously identified in commercial poultry in australia, where they caused significant economic losses. since there has been only limited characterization of these viruses, we investigated the genomic and phenotypic differences between these novel ibvs and other, classical ibvs. the 3' 7.5 kb of the genomes of 17 australian ibv strains were sequenced, and growth properties of 6 of the strains were compared. comparison of sequences of t ... | 2008 | 18045937 |
| effects of several virucidal agents on inactivation of influenza, newcastle disease, and avian infectious bronchitis viruses in the allantoic fluid of chicken eggs. | general theories on the inactivation of viruses in the presence of a concentrated protein, such as the allantoic fluid of chicken eggs, are not useful. that is, although sodium hypochlorite and sodium hydroxide are generally known as strong virucidal agents, they do not sufficiently inactivate viruses in allantoic fluid. we found that benzalkonium chloride (bc) is an effective virucidal agent against influenza, newcastle disease, and avian infectious bronchitis viruses even in the presence of a ... | 2007 | 18032831 |
| immunopotentiating effects of four chinese herbal polysaccharides administered at vaccination in chickens. | this study was conducted to evaluate the effects of 4 chinese herbal polysaccharides on the production of serum antibodies and the proliferation of peripheral t lymphocytes, including subpopulations in vaccinated chickens. a total of 450 chickens were randomly assigned to 9 groups at 14 d of age and vaccinated first with live newcastle disease (nd)-infectious bronchitis virus vaccine, and second with nd-infectious bronchitis oil adjuvant vaccine at 28 d of age. at the same time as the first vacc ... | 2007 | 18029798 |
| biological response of chickens (gallus gallus domesticus) induced by corticosterone and a bacterial endotoxin. | experiments were conducted with chickens exposed to corticosterone and lipopolysaccharide (lps) from escherichia coli, with the aim of evaluating and differentiating their effects on endocrine, metabolic and immune response. both, corticosterone and lps significantly elevated plasma corticosterone concentrations and increased heterophil to lymphocyte (h/l) ratios 1 h, 3 h and 24 h post-treatments. repeated exposure to corticosterone caused a prolonged elevation of plasma corticosterone concentra ... | 2008 | 18024213 |
| characterization of the mechanical unfolding of rna pseudoknots. | the pseudoknot is an important rna structural element that provides an excellent model system for studying the contributions of tertiary interactions to rna stability and to folding kinetics. rna pseudoknots are also of interest because of their key role in the control of ribosomal frameshifting by viral rnas. their mechanical properties are directly relevant to their unfolding by ribosomes during translation. we have used optical tweezers to study the kinetics and thermodynamics of mechanical u ... | 2008 | 18021801 |
| a recombinant turkey herpesvirus expressing chicken interleukin-2 increases the protection provided by in ovo vaccination with infectious bursal disease and infectious bronchitis virus. | in ovo vaccination remains an attractive option for the mass application of vaccines to poultry, ensuring a uniform application of vaccine in a cost-effective manner. however, the number of vaccines that can be delivered safely by this method is limited. several infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) vaccines can be given in ovo though most are delivered post-hatch and there are no currently licensed embryo-safe infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) vaccines. reduction in the dose of vaccines given ... | 2007 | 17996994 |
| sequence analysis of the s1 glycoprotein gene of infectious bronchitis viruses: identification of a novel phylogenetic group in korea. | twelve korean infectious bronchitis viruses (ibvs) were isolated in the field from chickens suspected of being carriers of infectious bronchitis between 2001 and 2003. the s1 glycoprotein genes of these ibv isolates were amplified by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (rtpcr) and analyzed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) analysis. these korean ibv isolates were classified into three groups according to their rflp patterns obtained using the restriction enzyme haeii ... | 2007 | 17993755 |
| pathogenesis of infectious bronchitis virus in vaccinated chickens of two different major histocompatibility b complex genotypes. | infectious bronchitis (ib) disease progression in vaccinated chickens after challenge was evaluated in a single commercial line of layer chickens presenting two different major histocompatibility complex (mhc) b complex genotypes. mhc b genotypes were determined by dna sequence-based typing of bf2 alleles. in total, 33 b2/b15 and 47 b2/b21 chickens were vaccinated with an ark-type ib virus (ibv) attenuated vaccine and challenged with ark-type ibv field isolate al/4614/98 14 days later. additiona ... | 2007 | 17992938 |
| molecular mechanisms of primary and secondary mucosal immunity using avian infectious bronchitis virus as a model system. | although mucosal immune responses are critical for protection of hosts from clinical illness and even mortality caused by mucosal pathogens, the molecular mechanism of mucosal immunity, which is independent of systemic immunity, remains elusive. to explore the mechanistic basis of mucosal protective immunity, gene transcriptional profiling in mucosal tissues was evaluated after the primary and secondary immunization of animals with an attenuated avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), a prototy ... | 2008 | 17983666 |
| vaccination against the avian infectious bronchitis virus affects sperm concentration, sperm quality and blood testosterone concentrations in cockerels. | 1. it was previously found that cockerels vaccinated with live attenuated avian infectious bronchitis virus (aibv) have decreased serum testosterone concentrations, epididymal stones and reduced fertility. the objectives of this study were twofold: to determine if reduced fertility following vaccination with live attenuated virus was the result of reduced sperm concentration or reduced sperm quality and to determine if vaccination with a killed strain of virus caused a similar reduction in sperm ... | 2007 | 17952734 |
| evaluation of the protection conferred by commercial vaccines and attenuated heterologous isolates in china against the ck/ch/ldl/97i strain of infectious bronchitis coronavirus. | avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) causes tremendous economic losses to the poultry industry worldwide. different serotypes of this virus show little cross-protection. the present study investigated the genotypic relationship between ck/ch/ldl/97i-type strains and reference ibvs based on s1 gene comparisons and the protection provided by vaccination with commercial vaccines and attenuated homologous and heterologous strains. phylogenetic analysis and the comparison of s1 showed that ck/ch/l ... | 2009 | 17936045 |
| role of phosphorylation clusters in the biology of the coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus nucleocapsid protein. | the coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) nucleocapsid (n) protein is an rna binding protein which is phosphorylated at two conserved clusters. kinetic analysis of rna binding indicated that the c-terminal phosphorylation cluster was involved in the recognition of viral rna from non-viral rna. the ibv n protein has been found to be essential for the successful recovery of ibv using reverse genetics systems. rescue experiments indicated that phosphorylated n protein recovered infectious i ... | 2008 | 17931676 |
| interleukin-6 expression after infectious bronchitis virus infection in chickens. | viral infections in chickens pose a major health threat to the poultry industry. infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) usually causes respiratory disease; however, the disease severity is influenced by the genotype of the chicken and the ibv strain involved. nephropathogenic strains of ibv, such as the australian t strain, can cause high mortalities due to kidney failure characterized by mononuclear cell infiltration and inflammation. in a previous study, a line of specific pathogen-free chickens, t ... | 2007 | 17931118 |
| two-way antigenic cross-reactivity between severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (sars-cov) and group 1 animal covs is mediated through an antigenic site in the n-terminal region of the sars-cov nucleoprotein. | in 2002, severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus (sars-cov) emerged in humans, causing a global epidemic. by phylogenetic analysis, sars-cov is distinct from known covs and most closely related to group 2 covs. however, no antigenic cross-reactivity between sars-cov and known covs was conclusively and consistently demonstrated except for group 1 animal covs. we analyzed this cross-reactivity by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) and western blot analysis using specific ... | 2007 | 17913799 |
| [development and characterization of monoclonal antibodies against h7 hemagglutinin of avian influenza virus]. | to prepare monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against the hemagglutinin protein of h7 subtype of avian influenza virus (aiv). | 2007 | 17908508 |
| [genetic variations of membrane gene of infectious bronchitis virus strains isolated in china between 1995 and 2004]. | membrane (m) protein genes of 20 infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) strains isolated in china between 1995 and 2004 were sequenced and analyzed. the m genes of twenty isolates were composed of 672 to 681 nucleotides, encoding polypeptides of 223 to 226 amino acid residues. variations of the deduced amino acids of m gene mainly occurred at positions 2 to 17 and 221 to 233, comparing with that of the ibv strain lx4. there were deletions or insertions in the m gene of chinese isolates at amino acid ... | 2007 | 17894233 |