Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| concentrations of 137cs in lynx (lynx lynx) in relation to prey choice. | concentrations of (137)cs were determined in 747 lynxes killed in norway during the period 1986-2001. highly variable (137)cs concentrations and aggregated transfer coefficient values were observed, probably caused by variable (137)cs concentrations in prey and the lynx's extensive home ranges and roaming distances. adult lynxes had higher (137)cs concentrations than sub-adults, and lynxes killed in regions with extensive reindeer grazing areas were more contaminated than others. a model with (1 ... | 2005 | 15653191 |
| induction of neutralizing antibodies in reindeer (rangifer tarandus) after administration of a killed west nile virus vaccine. | in 2002, west nile virus (wnv) infection with clinical neurologic disease and encephalomyelitis was described in reindeer (rangifer tarandus). the susceptibility of reindeer to wnv prompted questions concerning vaccination of reindeer to prevent wnv infection. between january and april 2003, eleven 2-4-yr-old, castrated male reindeer, some of which had antibody titers suggestive of prior exposure to wnv, were vaccinated three times at 4-wk intervals with a commercially available vaccine approved ... | 2004 | 15650096 |
| susceptibility of campylobacter hyointestinalis subsp. hyointestinalis to antimicrobial agents and characterization of quinolone-resistant strains. | to study the susceptibility of campylobacter hyointestinalis subsp. hyointestinalis to several antimicrobial agents and to investigate the mechanisms of nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin resistance. | 2005 | 15649999 |
| age differences in vitamin a intake among canadian inuit. | inuit traditional food provides ample amounts of preformed vitamin a. however, the dietary transition away from traditional food raises concerns regarding dietary adequacy. vitamin a is an essential nutrient with inadequate and excessive exposures having adverse effects. | 2004 | 15622799 |
| effects on the structure of arctic ecosystems in the short- and long-term perspectives. | species individualistic responses to warming and increased uv-b radiation are moderated by the responses of neighbors within communities, and trophic interactions within ecosystems. all of these responses lead to changes in ecosystem structure. experimental manipulation of environmental factors expected to change at high latitudes showed that summer warming of tundra vegetation has generally led to smaller changes than fertilizer addition. some of the factors manipulated have strong effects on t ... | 2004 | 15573571 |
| responses to projected changes in climate and uv-b at the species level. | environmental manipulation experiments showed that species respond individualistically to each environmental-change variable. the greatest responses of plants were generally to nutrient, particularly nitrogen, addition. summer warming experiments showed that woody plant responses were dominant and that mosses and lichens became less abundant. responses to warming were controlled by moisture availability and snow cover. many invertebrates increased population growth in response to summer warming, ... | 2004 | 15573570 |
| ovarian and placental production of progesterone and oestradiol during pregnancy in reindeer. | we obtained uterine and peripheral venous plasma, and samples of luteal and placental tissues from 2- to 7-year-old, eurasian mountain reindeer (rangifer tarandus tarandus) from a free-living, semi-domesticated herd in northern norway in november 1995, and february and march 1996. in november, ovarian venous blood was also collected from four animals. plasma samples were assayed for progesterone and oestradiol. the tissue samples were examined by light and electron microscopy, steroid dehydrogen ... | 2005 | 15556317 |
| histological structure of antlers in castrated male fallow deer (dama dama). | antlers are periodically replaced cranial appendages that, except for the reindeer, are grown only by male deer. the annual antler cycle is controlled by seasonal fluctuations of sex steroid concentrations in the blood, and accordingly castration of male deer causes deviations from normal antler growth. the present study investigated antler histology of castrated fallow bucks (dama dama). castration in early spring was followed by casting of the hard antlers carried by the bucks and the growth o ... | 2004 | 15523621 |
| redescription of besnoitia tarandi (protozoa: apicomplexa) from the reindeer (rangifer tarandus). | besnoitia tarandi tissue cysts were found in naturally-infected reindeer (rangifer tarandus) from finland. infectivity of its tissue cysts, bradyzoites, and tachyzoites to animals and cell culture was studied. the bradyzoites and tissue cysts were not infectious to out-bred mice, rabbits or gerbils. when fed tissue cysts, neither cats nor dogs excreted oocysts. however, the parasite was lethal to interferon-gamma gene knock out mice irrespective of the route of inoculation. the parasite was grow ... | 2004 | 15491590 |
| epidemiology of reindeer parasites. | every christmas we sing about rudolph the red-nosed reindeer, but do we give much thought to why his nose is red? the general consensus is that rudolf has caught a cold, but as far as i know no proper diagnosis has been made of his abnormal condition. i think that, rather than having a cold, rudolf is suffering from a parasitic infection of his respiratory system. to some this may seem a bit far-fetched as one would not expect an animal living with santa claus at the north pole to be plagued by ... | 1986 | 15462756 |
| absorption, retention and tissue distribution of radiocaesium in reindeer: effects of diet and radiocaesium source. | radiocaesium absorption and retention in reindeer (rangifer tarandus) calves was compared in groups fed diets containing different proportions of lichen and concentrates, and different chemical forms of radiocaesium ((134)cscl in solution or fallout from the chernobyl accident). daily intakes of fallout radiocaesium were 15-23 kbq, while daily intakes of (134)cscl ranged from 70 kbq to 1,160 kbq. the half-life for radiocaesium in red blood cells (rbc) in animals fed with a pure lichen diet excee ... | 2004 | 15459770 |
| acute phase response in reindeer after challenge with escherichia coli endotoxin. | the serum concentrations of two acute phase proteins (apps), haptoglobin (hp) and serum amyloid-a (saa), were monitored in reindeer after challenge with endotoxin. four adult female reindeer received either 0.1 microg/kg escherichia coli 0111:b4 lipopolysaccharide b or saline solution intravenously. at the second challenge, the treatments were reversed. in addition to the apps, changes in blood chemistry and rectal temperature were monitored. the endotoxin challenge caused a significant increase ... | 2004 | 15325514 |
| levels and trends of radioactive contaminants in the greenland environment. | levels of radioactive contaminants in various greenland environments have been assessed during 1999-2001. the source of 137cs, 90sr and (239,240)pu in terrestrial and fresh water environments is mainly global fallout. in addition, the chernobyl accident gave a small contribution of 137cs. reindeer and lamb contain the largest observed 137cs concentrations in the terrestrial environment--up to 80 bq kg(-1) fresh weight have been observed in reindeer. due to special environmental conditions, 137cs ... | 2004 | 15325141 |
| levels and spatial and temporal trends of contaminants in greenland biota: an updated review. | knowledge of contaminant levels in greenland biota has increased substantially in recent years, particularly for persistent organic pollutants. this paper reviews and updates knowledge of spatial and temporal trends of cd, hg and organochlorines (pcbs, ddts, hchs, hcb and chlordane-related compounds) in greenland terrestrial, freshwater and marine biota. the most comprehensive studies of spatial trends of cd and hg in the terrestrial ecosystem concern lichens, with relatively complete coverage, ... | 2004 | 15325140 |
| influence of ethylene oxide sterilization on the activity of native reindeer bone morphogenetic protein. | we studied the effects of ethylene oxide sterilization (steri-vac 4xl, temperature 29 degrees c, exposure time 4 h 10 min, ethylene oxide concentration 860 mg/l) on the osteoinductivity of partially purified native reindeer bone morphogenetic protein (bmp) in a hind leg muscle pouch model of male nmri mice. bmp was administered in implants containing 3 mg in a collagen carrier. implants without sterilization and without bmp served as controls. new bone formation was evaluated based on the calciu ... | 2004 | 15224167 |
| radiocaesium in lynx in relation to ground deposition and diet. | the european lynx (lynx lynx) might be expected to have a high intake of radiocaesium in the parts of sweden where the main prey of the lynx, namely reindeer and roe deer, have high activity concentrations of radiocaesium because of high ground deposition. we have measured (137)cs in muscle samples from 733 lynx during 1996-2003. the aim was to quantify the extent to which radiocaesium is transferred from fallout deposition to lynx, to test whether the transfer was higher in areas where there ar ... | 2004 | 15221315 |
| spatial synchrony of local populations has increased in association with the recent northern hemisphere climate trend. | according to ecological theory, populations whose dynamics are entrained by environmental correlation face increased extinction risk as environmental conditions become more synchronized spatially. this prediction is highly relevant to the study of ecological consequences of climate change. recent empirical studies have indicated, for example, that large-scale climate synchronizes trophic interactions and population dynamics over broad spatial scales in freshwater and terrestrial systems. here, w ... | 2004 | 15197267 |
| examination of cadmium sorption characteristics for a boreal soil near fairbanks, alaska. | the objective of this research was to better understand cadmium (cd) mobility in an organic-rich, boreal soil. cadmium was selected for the study because of its tendency to be more mobile in soils than other heavy metals, such as lead or mercury. the release of metals from soil is a concern for northern regions where soils are gradually warming, resulting in an increased rate of natural organic matter (nom) decomposition and soil erosion. soil samples were collected from three principle soil hor ... | 2004 | 15177104 |
| [comparative morphological analysis of reindeer and cow ovaries]. | 2004 | 15174344 | |
| long-term consequences for northern norway of a hypothetical release from the kola nuclear power plant. | the spatial and temporal variation in radiocaesium and (90)sr doses to two population groups of the two northernmost counties of norway, troms and finnmark, following a hypothetical accident at the kola nuclear power plant (knpp) have been estimated using a model implemented within a geographical information system. the hypothetical accident assumes a severe loss of coolant accident at the knpp coincident with meteorological conditions causing significant radionuclide deposition in the two count ... | 2004 | 15172571 |
| recent isolates of parapoxvirus of finnish reindeer (rangifer tarandus tarandus) are closely related to bovine pseudocowpox virus. | cases of papular stomatitis in finnish reindeer have been reported for many years. the causative agent was thought to be orf virus (orfv), one of the parapoxviridae, although this assumption was based mainly on clinical symptoms, pathology and electron microscopy. here sequence analyses of the viral dna isolated from a recent outbreak of disease in 1999-2000 are presented in comparison to that isolated from earlier outbreaks in 1992-1994. the results show that the virus isolated from the 1999-20 ... | 2004 | 15166423 |
| west nile virus infection in reindeer (rangifer tarandus). | west nile virus (wnv) infection in 4 reindeer (rangifer tarandus) resulted in lymphohistiocytic encephalomyelitis within the medulla oblongata and cervical spinal cord. immunohistochemistry revealed wnv antigen within neurons and among mononuclear cell infiltrates. these represent the first known cases of clinical wnv infection in cervidae. clinical signs and lesions were similar to those described in horses. nucleotide sequence of a 768-bp region of the wnv e-glycoprotein gene revealed 1 nucleo ... | 2004 | 15152836 |
| serologic survey for antibodies against mycobacterium a vium subsp. paratuberculosis in free-ranging cervids from norway. | affinity between protein-g and immunoglobulins from red deer (cervus elaphus), moose (alces alces), roe deer (capreolus capreolus), and reindeer (rangifer tarandus tarandus) was tested in a competition binding assay. sera from red deer, reindeer, and moose inhibited the assay less than sera from cattle (less affinity), whereas sera from roe deer showed a slightly higher affinity to protein-g than did sera from cattle. the conclusion was made that protein-g could be used instead of anti-species a ... | 2004 | 15137486 |
| milk production and composition in reindeer (rangifer tarandus): effect of lactational stage. | milk yield and composition of major milk constituents were measured in captive, nursing reindeer. registration of milk production was performed during two successive lactations (2001 and 2002). the milk yield was significantly affected by week of lactation (p<0.001) and by individual (p<0.001). the lactation curve had an asymmetrical peak 3 weeks postpartum and the milk yield at peak lactation was 983 g/day (range 595-1239). the length of lactation varied from 24 to 26 weeks and average total mi ... | 2004 | 15123172 |
| lack of the canonical prb-binding domain in the e7 orf of artiodactyl papillomaviruses is associated with the development of fibropapillomas. | the l-x-c-x-e prb-binding motif of papillomavirus (pv) e7 proteins has been implicated in the immortalization and transformation of the host cell. however, sequencing of the complete genomes of bovine papillomavirus type 3 (bpv-3), bovine papillomavirus type 5 (bpv-5), equine papillomavirus (eqpv) and reindeer (rangifer tarandus) papillomavirus (rpv) supports the notion that the prb-binding motif is not ubiquitous among e7 proteins in the pv proteome. key among the animal groups that lack the pr ... | 2004 | 15105541 |
| ruminant uptake of nickel and other elements from industrial air pollution in the norwegian-russian border area. | concentrations of the elements aluminium, arsenic, cadmium, chromium, cobalt, copper, lead, mercury, nickel, selenium and zinc in liver, and of nickel in kidneys, were studied in reindeer, moose and sheep from south varanger in eastern finnmark and comparable districts in western finnmark, norway. the study included samples from 31 reindeer, 10 moose and 10 sheep from jarfjord (south varanger); 31 reindeer, 27 moose and 15 sheep from pasvik (south varanger); and 40 reindeer, 16 moose and 15 shee ... | 1995 | 15091503 |
| concentrations of cadmium, lead and sulphur in tissues of wild, forest reindeer from north-west russia. | samples of bone, teeth and antlers of 123 wild, forest reindeer (rangifer tarandus fennica) shot in north karelia and in the archangelsk region from 1986 to 1990 were investigated with regard to heavy metal and sulphur content. the samples of bone contained the highest mean levels of cadmium and lead, and the antlers contained the lowest mean heavy-metal concentrations. no differences in the sulphur content of different tissues were found. these tissues give reliable and sensitive indications of ... | 1995 | 15091494 |
| concurrent fatal listeriosis, zygomycosis and aspergillosis in a reindeer (rangifer tarandus) calf. | 2004 | 15083977 | |
| seroprevalence of salmonella spp. in wild reindeer (rangifer tarandus tarandus) in iceland. | 2004 | 15074765 | |
| modelling of long-term behaviour of caesium and strontium radionuclides in the arctic environment and human exposure. | in this paper a compartment model of the highly vulnerable arctic terrestrial food chain "lichen-reindeer-man" is outlined. based upon an analysis of measured (137)cs and (90)sr contents in lichen and reindeer meat from 1961 up to 2001, site specific model parameters for two regions in north-western arctic russia and for kautokeino municipality in arctic norway have been determined. the dynamics of radionuclide activity concentrations in the "lichen-reindeer-man" food chain for all areas was sat ... | 2004 | 15063545 |
| cytogenetic dose-response and adaptive response in cells of ungulate species exposed to ionizing radiation. | in the studies reported here, the micronucleus assay, a common cytogenetic technique, was used to examine the dose-responses in fibroblasts from three ungulate species (white-tailed deer, woodland caribou, and indian muntjac) exposed to high doses of ionizing radiation (1-4 gy of (60)co gamma radiation). this assay was also used to examine the effects of exposure to low doses (1-100 mgy) typical of what these species experience in a year from natural and anthropogenic environmental sources. an a ... | 2004 | 15063537 |
| effective field sampling for predicting the spatial distribution of reindeer (rangifer tarandus) with help of the gibbs sampler. | we describe an approach to estimation of the spatial distribution of reindeer (rangifer tarandus). spatial autocorrelation, inherent to the data describing the distribution of wildlife species, contains information that can be utilized to improve the effciency of field inventories. our data included reindeer fecal pellet counts, satellite imagery and a digital terrain model. we applied ordinary logistic regression, autologistic regression, and the gibbs sampler to predict spatial distribution of ... | 2003 | 15049354 |
| conflict resolution by participatory management: remote sensing and gis as tools for communicating land-use needs for reindeer herding in northern sweden. | when seeking to resolve complex land-management issues, geographical assessment of resources that are in short supply or in dispute can aid the communication of knowledge and the understanding among and between different stakeholders. in this paper, we illustrate how remote sensing and gis can be used to gather and compile information regarding land-use activities and patterns among reindeer herders and other land users (forestry, mining, tourism, etc) in northern sweden. the project represents ... | 2003 | 15049353 |
| prevalence of toxoplasma gondii antibodies in wild red deer, roe deer, moose, and reindeer from norway. | serum samples from 4339 wild cervids collected in norway were tested for antibodies against toxoplasma gondii using the direct agglutination test. the association between seroprevalence and species, sex, age, and geographic region was investigated. positive titers (> or =1:40) were found in 33.9% of 760 roe deer (capreolus capreolus); 12.6% of 2142 moose (alces alces); 7.7% of 571 red deer (cervus elaphus); and 1.0% of 866 reindeer (rangifer tarandus). the seroprevalences were significantly diff ... | 2004 | 15041091 |
| rumen ciliate protozoal fauna of reindeer in inner mongolia, china. | rumen ciliate species and composition were surveyed on the reindeer kept in inner mongolia, china. as a result of survey, all the reindeer had the same 18 species of 8 genera of the ciliates in their rumen. appearance of entodinium parvum is the first record in this host species. of the species detected, 15 species including entodinium anteronucleatum, e. bicornutum, enoploplastron confluens and epidinium gigas which have been detected only from reindeer were common with those in the reindeer ke ... | 2004 | 15031553 |
| cystic echinococcosis in the arctic and sub-arctic. | the northern biotype of echinococcus granulosus occurs throughout the holarctic zones of tundra and taiga, from eastern fennoscandia to the bering strait in eurasia and in north america from arctic alaska approximately to the northern border of the united states. the cycle of the cestode is complex in taiga at lower latitudes, because of the greater diversity of potential hosts. in the arctic and subarctic, however, four patterns of predator/prey relationships may be discerned. two natural cycle ... | 2003 | 15027606 |
| spatial modeling of harvest constraints on wood supply versus wildlife habitat objectives. | we studied the effects of spatial and temporal timber harvesting constraints on competing objectives of sustaining wildlife habitat supply and meeting timber harvest objectives in a boreal mixedwood forest. a hierarchical modeling approach was taken, where strategic and tactical level models were used to project blocking and scheduling of harvest blocks. harvest block size and proximity, together with short- and long-term temporal constraints, were adjusted in a factorial manner to allow creatio ... | 2003 | 15015702 |
| polygynous mating impairs body condition and homeostasis in male reindeer ( rangifer tarandus tarandus). | reindeer are polygynous ruminants that breed when plant growth declines in the arctic. we studied seven males (2 years and older) in two herds with a total of 34 females to describe the costs and consequences of mating or rut. body mass declined between september and november and did not recover through winter even though food was available ad libitum. dominance did not affect body mass or any correlate of mass loss, indicating similar costs of rut among males. males lost 34% of ingesta-free mas ... | 2004 | 14986044 |
| from the arctic to fetal life: physiological importance and structural basis of an 'additional' chloride-binding site in haemoglobin. | haemoglobins from mammals of sub-arctic and arctic species, as well as fetal human hb, are all characterized by a significantly lower delta h of oxygenation compared with the majority of mammalian haemoglobins from temperate species (exceptions are represented by some cold-resistant species, such as cow, horse and pig). this has been interpreted as an adaptive mechanism of great importance from a physiological point of view. to date, the molecular basis of this thermodynamic characteristic is st ... | 2004 | 14979874 |
| ecology: living in synchrony on greenland coasts? | theory indicates that correlated weather may synchronize populations, but the extent to which this holds for non-identical, nonlinear systems is uncertain. post and forchhammer claim to have shown climate-induced synchrony for musk oxen and caribou that are separated by the greenland ice sheet. however, logical and mathematical errors undermine their finding. whether or not large-scale weather can be a major synchronizing factor across species remains an open question. | 2004 | 14973473 |
| [migration of reindeer into the prehistoric province of les eyzies]. | 1951 | 14839836 | |
| [can doping improve the performance of santa's reindeer?]. | 2003 | 14768262 | |
| the effect of blood sampling method on indicators of physiological stress in reindeer (rangifer tarandus tarandus). | the effects of manual blood sampling and remote blood sampling using automatic blood sampling equipment (abse) on plasma cortisol and catecholamine concentrations were studied on eight adult female reindeer (rangifer tarandus tarandus). contemporary body temperatures and heart rates were also recorded to determine their utility as other possible stress indicators. the animals were blood sampled once every hour with abse on 9-10 may and then by manual blood sampling on 13-14 may. animals were als ... | 2004 | 14757182 |
| spatial modeling of harvest constraints on wood supply versus wildlife habitat objectives. | we studied the effects of spatial and temporal timber harvesting constraints on competing objectives of sustaining wildlife habitat supply and meeting timber harvest objectives in a boreal mixedwood forest. a hierarchical modeling approach was taken, where strategic and tactical level models were used to project blocking and scheduling of harvest blocks. harvest block size and proximity, together with short- and long-term temporal constraints, were adjusted in a factorial manner to allow creatio ... | 2003 | 14753619 |
| [differences in the seroprevalence of salmonella spp. in free-ranging and corralled semi-domesticated reindeer (rangifer tarandus tarandus) in finland]. | serum samples from 1032 semi-domesticated reindeer (rangifer tarandus tarandus) from finland were examined for the occurrence of salmonella-antibodies by use of an indirect elisa. the majority of samples originated from clinically healthy slaughter reindeer, kept extensively (n = 802; year of sampling: 1996). the remaining samples (n = 230) came from a research herd, permanently kept intensively, with repeated outbreaks of diarrhoea. in this study, 29 of the examined serum samples showed an od a ... | 2003 | 14746057 |
| antibodies to ruminant alpha-herpesviruses and pestiviruses in norwegian cervids. | a serologic survey revealed that norwegian populations of free-ranging reindeer (rangifer tarandus tarandus), roe deer (capreolus capreolus), red deer (cervus elaphus), and moose (alces alces) have been exposed to alpha-herpesviruses and pestiviruses. a total of 3,796 serum samples collected during the period 1993-2000 were tested in a neutralization test for antibodies against bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) or cervid herpesvirus 2 (cerhv-2), and 3,897 samples were tested by a neutralization test ... | 2003 | 14733272 |
| [properties of blood serum from reindeer and results of using it in virology and biotechnology]. | the blood serum of the reindeer does not virtually contain any antibodies to respiratory and intestinal viruses widely spread among the cattle. the reindeer blood serum is comparable with the bovine serum by the contents of chlorides, hemoglobin, total protein and protein fractions; however, it is different from the latter by a 2.5-fold higher content of glucose and by a higher osmotic pressure. the serum stimulates the mitotic cell activity and cell monolayer production; it also contributes to ... | 2003 | 14708230 |
| ultrasonography in early pregnancy diagnosis and measurements of fetal size in reindeer (rangifer tarandus tarandus). | transrectal or transabdominal examinations of 13 pluriparous reindeer (rangifer tarandus tarandus) by ultrasonography from the start of mating until week 20 of gestation were conducted to find out when pregnancy could first be detected and to describe fetal development in early pregnancy. the examinations (n=35 per animal) were performed with a 5 mhz linear transducer from 7th october until 1st january and with a 3 mhz sector transducer from that time until 24th february. time of pregnancy diagn ... | 2004 | 14698066 |
| reindeer in the swedish mountains: an assessment of grazing impacts. | during the last decade, several well-publicized grazing-related incidents of vegetation degradation have helped to form an official opinion of overutilization of some mountain areas and a concern that swedish reindeer husbandry may not be ecologically sustainable. we examine these examples in a temporal and management perspective to assess the scale of impact on summer grazing grounds in the swedish mountains. long-term data on population dynamics of reindeer show no trend with fluctuations arou ... | 2003 | 14627368 |
| ecology of uncultivated oscillospira species in the rumen of cattle, sheep, and reindeer as assessed by microscopy and molecular approaches. | the ecology of the uncultured, but large and morphologically conspicuous, rumen bacterium oscillospira spp. was studied. oscillospira-specific 16s rrna gene sequences were detected in north american domestic cattle, sheep from australia and japan, and norwegian reindeer. phylogenetic analysis of the sequences obtained allowed definition of three operational taxonomic units within the oscillospira clade. consistent with this genetic diversity, we observed atypical smaller morphotypes by using an ... | 2003 | 14602644 |
| low levels of nucleotide diversity in mammalian y chromosomes. | sex chromosomes provide a useful context for the study of the relative importance of evolutionary forces affecting genetic diversity. the human y chromosome shows levels of nucleotide diversity 20% that of autosomes, which is significantly less than expected when differences in effective population size and sex-specific mutation rates are taken into account. to study the generality of low levels of y chromosome variability in mammalian genomes, we investigated nucleotide diversity in intron sequ ... | 2004 | 14595096 |
| new bone formation induced by injection of native reindeer bone morphogenetic protein extract. | bone morphogenetic proteins (bmps) are usually administered with a solid framing material during open surgery. in some instances, percutaneous administration of injectable bmp would be preferable. we tested the new bone-forming activity of injectable native reindeer bmp extract in the balb/c mouse thigh muscle pouch model. | 2003 | 14582548 |
| how and why is aquatic quality changing at nahanni national park reserve, nwt, canada? | nahanni national park reserve is located at southwestern nwt-yukon border. one of the first unesco world heritage sites, nahanni lies within taiga cordillera and taiga shield ecozones. base and precious metal mining occurred upstream of nahanni prior to park establishment. nahanni waters, sediments, fish, and caribou have naturally elevated metals levels. baseline water, sediment and fish tissue quality data were collected and analyzed throughout nahanni during 1988-91 and 1992-97. these two pro ... | 2003 | 14570418 |
| genotyping of clostridium perfringens isolated from domestic and exotic ruminants and swine. | clostridium perfringens types a, b, c, d and e are known to cause severe enteritis/enterotoxaemia and diseases (especially caused by type a) belonging to the gas oedema complex in many species. samples from the small intestine as well as faeces of domestic and exotic animals suffering from enterotoxaemic signs or having died within days after first occurance of toxaemia were submitted for typing c. perfringens toxovars by multiplex pcr. the following species have been investigated: domestic shee ... | 2003 | 14535937 |
| ribosomal rna analysis of babesia odocoilei isolates from farmed reindeer (rangifer tarandus tarandus) and elk (cervus elaphus canadensis) in wisconsin. | piroplasms isolated from a farmed reindeer and elk in wisconsin were determined to be babesia odocoilei, based on morphology and ribosomal rna (rrna) analysis. different clinical manifestations were observed in the two host species. the reindeer was parasitemic and exhibited acute babesiosis resulting in death, while the elk showed no parasites in blood smears and no overt clinical signs of babesiosis. b. odocoilei was, however, readily cultured from elk erythrocytes. small subunit rrna gene seq ... | 2003 | 14505046 |
| [characteristics of strains of brucella isolated from reindeers]. | 1962 | 14486760 | |
| cesium 137 burdens in swedish laplanders and reindeer. | 1961 | 14465124 | |
| hypoderma diana (diptera, oestridae) and lipoptena cervi (diptera, hippoboscidae) as parasites of reindeer (rangifer tarandus) in scotland with notes on the second-stage larva of hypoderma diana. | 1955 | 14370836 | |
| radionuclides in alaskan caribou and reindeer, 1963-1964. | 1965 | 14326280 | |
| [spermiogenesis and cycle of the seminoferous epithelium in reindeer]. | 1964 | 14259290 | |
| radionuclides in alaskan caribou and reindeer, 1962-1964. | 1964 | 14254614 | |
| polymorphism in the serum proteins of the reindeer. | 1964 | 14251004 | |
| radioactivity measured in alaskan natives, 1962-1964. | measurements of the cesium-137 content of northern alaskan natives during the summer of 1964 indicated that the adults of the interior village of anaktuvuk pass had the highest average body burden: 1280 nanocuries of cesium-137. this is an increase of 200 percent over the average body burden found in the summer of 1962 and 100 percent over that found in the summer of 1963. the greatest burden found in a native in 1964 was 2.4 microcuries of cesium-137, but the highest burden of all, 3.0 microcur ... | 1965 | 14241411 |
| an immunity study on a reindeer herd. | 1964 | 14230695 | |
| the significance of the artificial introduction of reindeer (rangifer tarandus) and moose (alces alces) in the spread of hydatid disease (echinococcus granulosus). | 1964 | 14212887 | |
| strontium-90 in plants and animals of arctic alaska, 1959-61. | the strontium-90 content of the biota near cape thompson, alaska, was related to environmental factors. in plants, perennials with persistent aerial parts had maximum and similar concentrations of strontium-90. the content of caribou muscle varied seasonally and was highest in winter when lichens were an important caribou food. | 1964 | 14137931 |
| comparative studies on the biology and morphology of echinococcus granulosus from domestic livestock, moose and reindeer. | 1963 | 14080000 | |
| cesium-134 in alaskan eskimos and in fallout. | whole-body counts of alaskan eskimos during the summer of 1962 showed the presence of cesium-134 as well as cesium-137. cesium-134 was also found in reindeer and caribou meat; this finding was confirmed through coincidence counting. there was generally about 1 percent as much cesium-134 as there was cesium-137. cesium-134 was also found on air filters collected at richland, washington. the appearance of cesium-134 seems to be world-wide and continuing. | 1963 | 14057358 |
| [remarks on total ossification in the newborn wren (rangifer tarandus)]. | 1963 | 13991767 | |
| iodine-131 in the thyroids of north american deer and caribou: comparison after nuclear tests. | concentrations of i(131) in the thyroids of deer from washington, colorado, and maryland, and of caribou from alaska were measured after the resumption of nuclear weapon tests by the u.s.s.r. on 1 september 161. maximum concentrations occurred nearly 2 months after the first nuclear test and then decreased at an effective half-time of about 15 days. thyroids from washington and colorado deer showed the highest concentrations, thyroids from alaskan caribou the lowest. | 1963 | 13952648 |
| strontium-90 in alaska. | strontium-90 concentrations have been determined in a variety of foods used by the native population. caribou from the tundra carry 10 to 20 times the level of domestic cattle. eskimos for whom caribou is a staple in the diet are found to have four times the strontium-90 content of the average for the world population of the north temperate zone. | 1962 | 13909456 |
| blood and serum groups in reindeer compared with those in cattle. | 1961 | 13896204 | |
| [brucellosis in conditions of the arctic region. iv. on the study of brucella cultures isolated from reindeers]. | 1962 | 13878682 | |
| [pulmonary mycoses in bisons and reindeers]. | 2006 | 13736459 | |
| [brucellosis in far northern regions. ii. on epidemiological characteristics of a focus of brucellosis in reindeers]. | 1961 | 13692814 | |
| [brucellosis in arctic regions. i. on brucellosis in reindeers]. | 1961 | 13692813 | |
| [brucella infection in far northern regions. iii. clinical manifestations of "reindeer" brucellosis in man]. | 1961 | 13692812 | |
| [seasonal peculiarities of secretory and motor functions of the stomach in reindeers]. | 2006 | 13083743 | |
| [seasonal habitat of the paleolithic reindeer]. | 1953 | 13059959 | |
| molecular genetic characterization of the fennoscandian cervid strain, a new genotypic group (g10) of echinococcus granulosus. | the northern biotype of echinococcus granulosus occurs in north america and northern eurasia in life-cycles involving cervids. previously, cervid isolates of e. granulosus from north america have been characterized using molecular genetic techniques as the g8 genotype. in this study, 5 isolates of e. granulosus were collected from 4 reindeer and 1 moose in north-eastern finland. dna sequences within regions of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase i (coi) and nadh dehydrogenase i (ni)i) genes and t ... | 2003 | 12964823 |
| an examination of a compensatory relationship between food limitation and predation in semi-domestic reindeer. | a central issue in ecology is to what extent food limitation and predation affect animal populations. we studied how survival and reproductive success was related to the female's size in a population of semi-domesticated reindeer during 2 years where there was a large difference in snowfall during winter. the females were kept within a predator-free enclosure for about 5 weeks during the calving period and thereafter released to their natural summer pastures. small females were more likely to fa ... | 2003 | 12955491 |
| phylogeny of dictyocaulus (lungworms) from eight species of ruminants based on analyses of ribosomal rna data. | in this study, we conducted phylogenetic analyses of nematode parasites within the genus dictyocaulus (superfamily trichostrongyloidea). lungworms from cattle (bos taurus), domestic sheep (ovis aries), european fallow deer (dama dama), moose (alces alces), musk ox (ovibos moschatus), red deer (cervus elaphus), reindeer (rangifer tarandus) and roe deer (capreolus capreolus) were obtained and their small subunit ribosomal rna (ssu) and internal transcribed spacer 2 (its2) sequences analysed. in th ... | 2003 | 12954019 |
| [unknown hepatoid glands of some species of cats and deer]. | our histological description of the fourth type of mammalian skin glands--hepatiod glands--allowed us to revise the obtained and published data mistaking the alveolar glands of the anal sacs in cats and the limb glands in deers as sebaceous. large clusters of hepatiod glands were discovered in the anal sacs of the cat, lynx, and tiger, interdigital gland of elk, and the tarsal gland of reindeer. these glands secrete considerable amounts of protein to the clearance of the intercellular canaliculi ... | 2003 | 12942753 |
| species identification of hypoderma affecting domestic and wild ruminants by morphological and molecular characterization. | cuticular structures and the sequence of the cytochrome oxidase i gene were compared for hypoderma bovis (linnaeus), hypoderma lineatum (de villers), hypoderma actaeon brauer, hypoderma diana brauer and hypoderma tarandi (linnaeus) (diptera, oestridae). third-stage larvae of each species were examined by scanning electron microscopy revealing differences among species in the pattern and morphology of spines on the cephalic and thoracic segments, by spine patterns on the tenth abdominal segment, ... | 2003 | 12941017 |
| crowding and winter emergency feeding as predisposing factors for kerato-conjunctivitis in semi-domesticated reindeer in norway. | due to the hard environmental and climatic situation in late winter 1999, a herd of about 200 free-ranging, semi-domesticated reindeer was gathered in a paddock in northern norway for emergency feeding. about the same number of reindeer was not corralled but supplementary fed on their winter pastures. the fodder was of relatively good quality but very dusty and fed in a very dry environment. six weeks later, an outbreak of eye-infection was diagnosed in one third of the corralled reindeer; mild ... | 2003 | 12910868 |
| an arctic terrestrial food-chain bioaccumulation model for persistent organic pollutants. | a model representing the bioaccumulation of persistent organic pollutants (pops) in arctic terrestrial mammalian food-chains is developed, parametrized, tested, and analyzed. the model predicts concentrations of pops in lichen, caribou (rangifer tarandus), and wolf (canis lupus) food-chains of canada's central and western arctic region from measured concentrations in air and snowpack meltwater. the model accounts for temporal and seasonal variation in diet composition, life-stage, body weight, a ... | 2003 | 12875402 |
| enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to differentiate the antibody responses of animals infected with brucella species from those of animals infected with yersinia enterocolitica o9. | enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays using antigens extracted from brucella abortus with n-lauroylsarcosine differentiated natural brucella-infected animals from brucella-vaccinated or yersinia enterocolitica o9-infected animals. a field trial in mongolia showed cattle, sheep, goat, reindeer, camel, and human sera without infection could be distinguished from brucella-infected animals by conventional serological tests. | 2003 | 12853409 |
| genetic and antigenic characterization of novel pestivirus genotypes: implications for classification. | currently, the genus pestivirus comprises the four approved species bovine viral diarrhea virus 1 (bvdv-1), bvdv-2, classical swine fever virus (csfv), and border disease virus (bdv) and one tentative fifth species represented by a single strain (h138) isolated from a giraffe in kenya more than 30 years ago. to further address the issue of heterogeneity of pestiviruses we have determined the entire n(pro) and e2 coding sequences for several new pestivirus isolates. interestingly, phylogenetic an ... | 2003 | 12832207 |
| circulation of parasites among fishes from lakes in the caribou mountains, alberta, canada. | circulation of 24 macroparasite species among 12 species of fish was evaluated within samples of hosts collected from 9 lakes on an isolated plateau in northern alberta, canada. twenty-seven parasite taxa (24 species plus the larval stages of triaenophorus crassus, t. stizostedionis, and raphidascaris acus) had the potential to be circulated among hosts. sixteen parasite taxa were recovered from a single host species within a lake. of the 11 remaining nonspecialist taxa, 4 were larval stages tha ... | 2003 | 12760632 |
| effects of seasonal changes in food quality and food intake on the transport of sodium and butyrate across ruminal epithelium of reindeer. | transport of 22na and 14c-butyrate across the ruminal epithelium of captive reindeer fed a concentrate diet in summer (n=5) and in winter (n=5) and from free-ranging reindeer taken from summer (n=3) and winter pasture (n=5) was measured in vitro in ussing chambers. significant amounts of both na+ and butyrate were transported across the isolated epithelium without any external driving force. the ruminal transport of na+ and butyrate were interacting, as evidenced by both the observed amiloride-i ... | 2003 | 12759766 |
| bacteria of pathogenic importance in faeces from cadavers of free-ranging or corralled semi-domesticated reindeer in northern norway. | there is little information on bacteria that have the potential to cause disease in reindeer husbandry. in this project, faecal samples from 35 free-ranging or corralled reindeer, adults and calves, that died in the winter of 2000 in northern norway, were examined for the occurrence of campylobacter spp., clostridium perfringens, listeria spp., salmonella spp. and yersinia spp. to evaluate the role of these microrganisms in loss and mortality in reindeer husbandry. in addition, 31 of these sampl ... | 2003 | 12718503 |
| global climate change and reindeer: effects of winter weather on the autumn weight and growth of calves. | reindeer/caribou (rangifer tarandus), which constitute a biological resource of vital importance for the physical and cultural survival of arctic residents, and inhabit extremely seasonal environments, have received little attention in the global change debate. we investigated how body weight and growth rate of reindeer calves were affected by large-scale climatic variability [measured by the north atlantic oscillation (nao) winter index] and density in one population in central norway. body wei ... | 2003 | 12707839 |
| refugial origins of reindeer (rangifer tarandus l.) inferred from mitochondrial dna sequences. | the glacial-interglacial cycles of the upper pleistocene have had a major impact on the recent evolutionary history of arctic species. to assess the effects of these large-scale climatic fluctuations to a large, migratory arctic mammal, we assessed the phylogeography of reindeer (rangifer tarandus) as inferred from mitochondrial dna (mtdna) sequence variation in the control region. phylogenetic relationships among haplotypes seem to reflect historical patterns of fragmentation and colonization r ... | 2003 | 12703955 |
| multilevel phenotypic selection on morphological characters in a metapopulation of silene tatarica. | this study partitions selection in a natural metapopulation of a riparian plant species, silene tatarica, into individual- and patch-level components by using contextual analysis, in which a patch refers to a spatially distinct stand of individual plants. we estimated selection gradients for two morphological characters (plant height and number of stems), their respective patch means, and plant density with respect to reproductive success in a two-year study. the approach was also extended to pa ... | 2003 | 12703940 |
| evidence of herpesvirus infection in woodland caribou in saskatchewan. | sera were collected from 40 female and two male woodland caribou (rangifer tarandus caribou) in saskatchewan (canada) from march 1992 to january 1995, inclusive. the samples were examined for antibodies against smooth brucella spp., five serovars of leptospira interrogans, bovine viral diarrhea virus, and bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1). twenty-two (52%) of 42 sera exhibited positive reactions to bhv-1 by a modified serum neutralization test, and the prevalence correlated positively with the age of ... | 2003 | 12685086 |
| gamma-emitting natural and anthropogenic radionuclides in the terrestrial environment of kongsfjord, svalbard. | this paper presents results obtained from a radiometric survey, conducted by the norwegian radiation protection authority, into the levels of gamma-emitting radionuclides, both anthropogenic and natural, in the terrestrial environment of kongsfjorden, which lies on the north-western coast of spitsbergen in the arctic archipelago of svalbard (79 degrees n, 12 degrees e). samples of terrestrial matrices were taken during field campaigns conducted between 2000 and 2002 and analysed for a range of g ... | 2003 | 12670771 |
| adults only? a reconsideration of middle paleolithic 'prime-dominated' reindeer hunting at salzgitter lebenstedt. | 2003 | 12669705 | |
| detection of papillomavirus-dna in mesenchymal tumour cells and not in the hyperplastic epithelium of feline sarcoids. | we examined 12 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded feline skin tumours which had the histopathological features of fibropapillomas for the presence of papillomavirus (pv) dna using touchdown polymerase chain reaction (pcr), dna sequencing and nonradioactive in situ hybridization. nine of the tumours contained a 102-bp pcr product demonstrated using consensus pv primers that amplify a portion of the l1 gene. the nucleotide sequences are closely related, but not identical to that of ovine pv type 2, ... | 2003 | 12603685 |
| genetic variation in caribou and reindeer (rangifer tarandus). | genetic variation at seven microsatellite dna loci was quantified in 19 herds of wild caribou and domestic reindeer (rangifer tarandus) from north america, scandinavia and russia. there is an average of 2.0-6.6 alleles per locus and observed individual heterozygosity of 0.33-0.50 in most herds. a herd on svalbard island, scandinavia, is an exception, with relatively few alleles and low heterozygosity. the central arctic, western arctic and porcupine river caribou herds in alaska have similar all ... | 2003 | 12580784 |
| [character identification of 12 kinds of pilose antler medicinal materials]. | in this paper, commercial medicinal materials of 12 kinds of pilose antler, cervus nippon, c. elaphus, c. albirostris, c. unicolor, c. eldihainanus, c. timorensis c. porinus, dama dama, rangifer farandus, alces alces, elaphurus davidianus, capreolus capreolus were compared and identified. a key and simple character illustration were listed. | 1999 | 12571919 |