Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
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| physiological and genomic characterization of two novel marine thaumarchaeal strains indicates niche differentiation. | ammonia-oxidizing archaea (aoa) are ubiquitous throughout the oceanic water column; however, our knowledge on their physiological and ecological diversity in different oceanic regions is rather limited. here, we report the cultivation and characterization of two novel nitrosopumilus strains, originating from coastal surface waters of the northern adriatic sea. the combined physiological and genomic information revealed that each strain exhibits different metabolic and functional traits, potentia ... | 2015 | 26528837 |
| physiological and genomic characterization of two novel marine thaumarchaeal strains indicates niche differentiation. | ammonia-oxidizing archaea (aoa) are ubiquitous throughout the oceanic water column; however, our knowledge on their physiological and ecological diversity in different oceanic regions is rather limited. here, we report the cultivation and characterization of two novel nitrosopumilus strains, originating from coastal surface waters of the northern adriatic sea. the combined physiological and genomic information revealed that each strain exhibits different metabolic and functional traits, potentia ... | 2015 | 26528837 |
| etiology of childhood infectious diarrhea in a developed region of china: compared to childhood diarrhea in a developing region and adult diarrhea in a developed region. | in china, great differences in economy, social characteristics and hygiene exist between developing and developed regions. a comparative study of infectious diarrhea between two regions was needed. three groups of diarrheal patients were collected: children ≤5 year-olds from beijing (developed region) and henan province (developing region), and adults over 18 year-olds from beijing. a questionnaire was used to survey and feces samples were examined for 16 enteropathogens. we enrolled 1422 childr ... | 2015 | 26528820 |
| evidence from human and animal studies: pathological roles of cd8(+) t cells in autoimmune peripheral neuropathies. | autoimmune peripheral neuropathies such as guillain-barre syndrome (gbs) and chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (cidp) affect millions of people worldwide. despite significant advances in understanding the pathology, the molecular and cellular mechanisms of immune-mediated neuropathies remain elusive. t lymphocytes definitely play an important role in disease pathogenesis and cd4(+) t cells have been the main area of research for decades. this is partly due to the fact that the mo ... | 2015 | 26528293 |
| synergistic anti-campylobacter jejuni activity of fluoroquinolone and macrolide antibiotics with phenolic compounds. | the increasing resistance of campylobacter to clinically important antibiotics, such as fluoroquinolones and macrolides, is a serious public health problem. the objective of this study is to investigate synergistic anti-campylobacter jejuni activity of fluoroquinolones and macrolides in combination with phenolic compounds. synergistic antimicrobial activity was measured by performing a checkerboard assay with ciprofloxacin and erythromycin in the presence of 21 phenolic compounds. membrane perme ... | 2015 | 26528273 |
| regulation of fucose and 1,2-propanediol utilization by salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. | after ingestion, salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium (s. typhimurium) encounters a densely populated, competitive environment in the gastrointestinal tract. to escape nutrient limitation caused by the intestinal microbiota, this pathogen has acquired specific metabolic traits to use compounds that are not metabolized by the commensal bacteria. for example, the utilization of 1,2-propanediol (1,2-pd), a product of the fermentation of l-fucose, which is present in foods of herbal origin and is ... | 2015 | 26528264 |
| surveillance of food- and smear-transmitted pathogens in european soldiers with diarrhea on deployment in the tropics: experience from the european union training mission (eutm) mali. | introduction. since 2013, european soldiers have been deployed on the european union training mission (eutm) in mali. from the beginning, diarrhea has been among the most "urgent" concerns. diarrhea surveillance based on deployable real-time pcr equipment was conducted between december 2013 and august 2014. material and methods. in total, 53 stool samples were obtained from 51 soldiers with acute diarrhea. multiplex pcr panels comprised enteroinvasive bacteria, diarrhea-associated escherichia co ... | 2015 | 26525953 |
| susceptibility of bacteria isolated from acute gastrointestinal infections to rifaximin and other antimicrobial agents in mexico. | bacterial resistance may hamper the antimicrobial management of acute gastroenteritis. bacterial susceptibility to rifaximin, an antibiotic that achieves high fecal concentrations (up to 8,000μg/g), has not been evaluated in mexico. | 2017 | 26525276 |
| comprehensive reports on the latest advances in gastroenterology and hepatology from:: the 50th annual meeting of the european association for the study of the liverapril 22-26, 2015vienna, austriadigestive disease week 2015may 16-19, 2015washington, dc. | 2015 | 26523126 | |
| dysbiotic infection in the stomach. | microbiota in human alimentary tract plays important roles for homeostatic maintenance of the body. compositional difference of gut microbiota is tightly associated with susceptibility of many diseases, including inflammatory diseases, obesity, diabetes mellitus, cancer, and atherosclerosis. "dysbiosis" refers to a state of imbalance among the colonies of microorganisms within the body, which brings abnormal increase of specific minor components and decrease in the normally dominant species. sin ... | 2015 | 26523109 |
| role of environmental pollution in irritable bowel syndrome. | irritable bowel syndrome (ibs), with the prevalence of 10%-20 % of the population has become an emerging problem worldwide. ibs is a functional gastrointestinal (gi) disorder characterized by abdominal pain or discomfort and altered bowel habits. the etiology of ibs contains genetic, psychological, and immunological factors, and has not been fully elucidated; of note, recent studies also point at environmental pollution and its role in the development of functional gi diseases. in this review we ... | 2015 | 26523104 |
| eucast recommendations for antimicrobial susceptibility testing applied to the three main campylobacter species isolated in humans. | antimicrobial susceptibility testing of campylobacter isolates is of great importance for treatment options especially in systemic diseases. the european committee for antimicrobial susceptibility testing (eucast) recently proposed epidemiological cut-offs (ecoffs) for a limited number of antimicrobial compounds and for campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli only. in the present study, the eucast method was used after minor modifications to define antimicrobial susceptibility patterns for, ... | 2015 | 26519770 |
| whole-genome sequencing analysis accurately predicts antimicrobial resistance phenotypes in campylobacter spp. | the objectives of this study were to identify antimicrobial resistance genotypes for campylobacter and to evaluate the correlation between resistance phenotypes and genotypes using in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility testing and whole-genome sequencing (wgs). a total of 114 campylobacter species isolates (82 c. coli and 32 c. jejuni) obtained from 2000 to 2013 from humans, retail meats, and cecal samples from food production animals in the united states as part of the national antimicrobial re ... | 2016 | 26519386 |
| efficacy of a typing scheme for campylobacter based on the combination of true and questionable crispr. | this study evaluates an improved scheme for campylobacter genotyping based on the combination of true and questionable crispr (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) elements. a total of 180 campylobacter strains (campylobacter jejuni n=93 and campylobacter coli n=87), isolated from neck skin and caecal content of broilers, poultry meat and sewage water were analysed. another 97 c. jejuni dna samples from cases of human campylobacteriosis were assessed. sixty-three genotypes ... | 2015 | 26518609 |
| identification of novel components influencing colonization factor antigen i expression in enterotoxigenic escherichia coli. | colonization factors (cfs) mediate early adhesion of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) in the small intestine. environmental signals including bile, glucose, and contact with epithelial cells have previously been shown to modulate cf expression in a strain dependent manner. to identify novel components modulating cf surface expression, 20 components relevant to the intestinal environment were selected for evaluation. these included mucin, bicarbonate, norepinephrine, lincomycin, carbon sou ... | 2015 | 26517723 |
| the landscape of realized homologous recombination in pathogenic bacteria. | recombination enhances the adaptive potential of organisms by allowing genetic variants to be tested on multiple genomic backgrounds. its distribution in the genome can provide insight into the evolutionary forces that underlie traits, such as the emergence of pathogenicity. here, we examined landscapes of realized homologous recombination of 500 genomes from ten bacterial species and found all species have "hot" regions with elevated rates relative to the genome average. we examined the size, g ... | 2015 | 26516092 |
| the landscape of realized homologous recombination in pathogenic bacteria. | recombination enhances the adaptive potential of organisms by allowing genetic variants to be tested on multiple genomic backgrounds. its distribution in the genome can provide insight into the evolutionary forces that underlie traits, such as the emergence of pathogenicity. here, we examined landscapes of realized homologous recombination of 500 genomes from ten bacterial species and found all species have "hot" regions with elevated rates relative to the genome average. we examined the size, g ... | 2015 | 26516092 |
| synthesis and immunodetection of 6-o-methyl-phosphoramidyl-α-d-galactose: a campylobacter jejuni antigenic determinant. | campylobacter jejuni is a leading cause of traveler's diarrhea. previously, we have shown that a c. jejuni capsule polysaccharide (cps) conjugate vaccine can fully prevent c.jejuni diarrhea in non-human primates. c.jejuni cpss are decorated with non-stoichiometric amounts of o-methyl phosphoramidate (meopn) units that are key serospecific markers. in the case of c.jejuni serotype complex hs23/36, the meopn are at positions 2 and 6 of the cps galactose (gal). we describe here the synthesis of the ... | 2015 | 26513759 |
| a systematic review of waterborne disease outbreaks associated with small non-community drinking water systems in canada and the united states. | reports of outbreaks in canada and the united states (u.s.) indicate that approximately 50% of all waterborne diseases occur in small non-community drinking water systems (sdwss). summarizing these investigations to identify the factors and conditions contributing to outbreaks is needed in order to help prevent future outbreaks. | 2015 | 26513152 |
| conservation of σ28-dependent non-coding rna paralogs and predicted σ54-dependent targets in thermophilic campylobacter species. | assembly of flagella requires strict hierarchical and temporal control via flagellar sigma and anti-sigma factors, regulatory proteins and the assembly complex itself, but to date non-coding rnas (ncrnas) have not been described to regulate genes directly involved in flagellar assembly. in this study we have investigated the possible role of two ncrna paralogs (cjnc1, cjnc4) in flagellar assembly and gene regulation of the diarrhoeal pathogen campylobacter jejuni. cjnc1 and cjnc4 are 37/44 nt id ... | 2015 | 26512728 |
| the lasb elastase of pseudomonas aeruginosa acts in concert with alkaline protease apra to prevent flagellin-mediated immune recognition. | the opportunistic pathogen pseudomonas aeruginosa is capable of establishing severe and persistent infections in various eukaryotic hosts. it encodes a wide array of virulence factors and employs several strategies to evade immune detection. in the present study, we screened the harvard medical school transposon mutant library of p. aeruginosa pa14 for bacterial factors that modulate interleukin-8 responses in a549 human airway epithelial cells. we found that in addition to the previously identi ... | 2015 | 26502908 |
| the lasb elastase of pseudomonas aeruginosa acts in concert with alkaline protease apra to prevent flagellin-mediated immune recognition. | the opportunistic pathogen pseudomonas aeruginosa is capable of establishing severe and persistent infections in various eukaryotic hosts. it encodes a wide array of virulence factors and employs several strategies to evade immune detection. in the present study, we screened the harvard medical school transposon mutant library of p. aeruginosa pa14 for bacterial factors that modulate interleukin-8 responses in a549 human airway epithelial cells. we found that in addition to the previously identi ... | 2015 | 26502908 |
| investigating reports of complex regional pain syndrome: an analysis of hpv-16/18-adjuvanted vaccine post-licensure data. | complex regional pain syndrome (crps) is a chronic pain disorder that typically follows trauma or surgery. suspected crps reported after vaccination with human papillomavirus (hpv) vaccines led to temporary suspension of proactive recommendation of hpv vaccination in japan. we investigated the potential crps signal in relation to hpv-16/18-adjuvanted vaccine (cervarix®) by database review of crps cases with independent expert confirmation; a disproportionality analysis and analyses of temporalit ... | 2015 | 26501109 |
| ex vivo proteomics of campylobacter jejuni 81-176 reveal that fabg affects fatty acid composition to alter bacterial growth fitness in the chicken gut. | campylobacter jejuni is one of the leading causes of foodborne gastrointestinal illness worldwide. here we performed ex vivo proteomic analysis of c. jejuni 81-176 in chicken, a main reservoir for human infection. at 0, 1 and 4 weeks post-infection (p.i.) with the gfp-expressing 81-176 strain, inocula were recovered from chicken ceca by cell sorting using flow cytometry. itraq-coupled 2d-lc-ms/ms analyses that detected 55 c. jejuni proteins, among which either 3 (fabg, hydb, cjj81176_0876) or 7 ... | 2016 | 26499093 |
| chromosomal integration vectors allowing flexible expression of foreign genes in campylobacter jejuni. | campylobacter jejuni is a major cause of human gastroenteritis yet there is limited knowledge of how disease is caused. molecular genetic approaches are vital for research into the virulence mechanisms of this important pathogen. vectors that allow expression of genes in c. jejuni via recombination onto the chromosome are particularly useful for genetic complementation of insertional knockout mutants and more generally for expression of genes in particular c. jejuni host backgrounds. | 2015 | 26497958 |
| solar disinfection of viruses in polyethylene terephthalate bottles. | solar disinfection (sodis) of drinking water in polyethylene terephthalate (pet) bottles is a simple, efficient point-of-use technique for the inactivation of many bacterial pathogens. in contrast, the efficiency of sodis against viruses is not well known. in this work, we studied the inactivation of bacteriophages (ms2 and ϕx174) and human viruses (echovirus 11 and adenovirus type 2) by sodis. we conducted experiments in pet bottles exposed to (simulated) sunlight at different temperatures (15, ... | 2015 | 26497451 |
| solar disinfection of viruses in polyethylene terephthalate bottles. | solar disinfection (sodis) of drinking water in polyethylene terephthalate (pet) bottles is a simple, efficient point-of-use technique for the inactivation of many bacterial pathogens. in contrast, the efficiency of sodis against viruses is not well known. in this work, we studied the inactivation of bacteriophages (ms2 and ϕx174) and human viruses (echovirus 11 and adenovirus type 2) by sodis. we conducted experiments in pet bottles exposed to (simulated) sunlight at different temperatures (15, ... | 2015 | 26497451 |
| genetic import and phenotype specific alleles associated with hyper-invasion in campylobacter jejuni. | campylobacter jejuni is a major zoonotic pathogen, causing gastroenteritis in humans. invasion is an important pathogenesis trait by which c. jejuni causes disease. here we report the genomic analysis of 134 strains to identify traits unique to hyperinvasive isolates. | 2015 | 26497129 |
| heterogeneity in the infection biology of campylobacter jejuni isolates in three infection models reveals an invasive and virulent phenotype in a st21 isolate from poultry. | although campylobacter is the leading cause of bacterial foodborne gastroenteritis in the world and the importance of poultry as a source of infection is well understood we know relatively little about its infection biology in the broiler chicken. much of what we know about the biology of campylobacter jejuni is based on infection of inbred or spf laboratory lines of chickens with a small number of isolates used in most laboratory studies. recently we have shown that both the host response and m ... | 2015 | 26496441 |
| matrix metalloproteinase-2 mediates intestinal immunopathogenesis in campylobacter jejuni-infected infant mice. | increased levels of the matrix metalloproteinases (mmps)-2 and -9 (also referred to gelatinase-a and -b, respectively) can be detected in the inflamed gut. we have recently shown that synthetic gelatinase blockage reduces colonic apoptosis and pro-inflammatory immune responses following murine campylobacter (c.) jejuni infection. in order to dissect whether mmp-2 and/or mmp-9 is involved in mediating c. jejuni-induced immune responses, infant mmp-2(-/-), mmp-9(-/-), and wildtype (wt) mice were p ... | 2015 | 26495129 |
| milk modulates campylobacter invasion into caco-2 intestinal epithelial cells. | raw milk is a recognized source of campylobacter outbreaks, but pasteurization is an effective way to eliminate the causative agent of campylobacteriosis. whereas breastfeeding is protective against infectious diseases, consumption of formula milk is thought to be not. however, in relation to campylobacter, such data is currently unavailable. although both pasteurized and formula milk are pathogen free and prepared in a quality controlled manner, the effect they have on the virulence of campylob ... | 2015 | 26495128 |
| draft genome sequence of the enteropathogenic bacterium campylobacter jejuni strain cj255. | the enteropathogen campylobacter jejuni is a global health disaster, being one of the leading causes of bacterial gastroenteritis. here, we present the draft genome sequence of c. jejuni strain cj255, isolated from a chicken source in islamabad, pakistan. the draft genome sequence will aid in epidemiological studies and quarantine of this broad-host-range pathogen. | 2015 | 26494669 |
| mhc variation sculpts individualized microbial communities that control susceptibility to enteric infection. | the presentation of protein antigens on the cell surface by major histocompatibility complex (mhc) molecules coordinates vertebrate adaptive immune responses, thereby mediating susceptibility to a variety of autoimmune and infectious diseases. the composition of symbiotic microbial communities (the microbiota) is influenced by host immunity and can have a profound impact on host physiology. here we use an mhc congenic mouse model to test the hypothesis that genetic variation at mhc genes among i ... | 2015 | 26494419 |
| phylogenomics and sequence-structure-function relationships in the gmrsd family of type iv restriction enzymes. | gmrsd is a modification-dependent restriction endonuclease that specifically targets and cleaves glucosylated hydroxymethylcytosine (glc-hmc) modified dna. it is encoded either as two separate single-domain gmrs and gmrd proteins or as a single protein carrying both domains. previous studies suggested that gmrs acts as endonuclease and ntpase whereas gmrd binds dna. | 2015 | 26493560 |
| inactivation of bacterial pathogens in yoba mutandabota, a dairy product fermented with the probiotic lactobacillus rhamnosus yoba. | mutandabota is a dairy product consumed as a major source of proteins and micronutrients in southern africa. in this study the microbial safety of traditional and a variant of mutandabota fermented with the probiotic lactobacillus rhamnosus yoba (yoba mutandabota) was investigated by challenging the products with five important food pathogens: listeria monocytogenes, salmonella spp., campylobacter jejuni, escherichia coli o157:h7 and bacillus cereus. pasteurized full-fat cow's milk was used for ... | 2016 | 26490648 |
| interventions to improve water quality for preventing diarrhoea. | diarrhoea is a major cause of death and disease, especially among young children in low-income countries. in these settings, many infectious agents associated with diarrhoea are spread through water contaminated with faeces.in remote and low-income settings, source-based water quality improvement includes providing protected groundwater (springs, wells, and bore holes), or harvested rainwater as an alternative to surface sources (rivers and lakes). point-of-use water quality improvement interven ... | 2015 | 26488938 |
| crystal structure and identification of two key amino acids involved in ai-2 production and biofilm formation in streptococcus suis luxs. | streptococcus suis has emerged as an important zoonotic pathogen that causes meningitis, arthritis, septicemia and even sudden death in pigs and humans. quorum sensing is the signaling network for cell-to-cell communication that bacterial cells can use to monitor their own population density through production and exchange of signal molecules. s-ribosylhomocysteinase (luxs) is the key enzyme involved in the activated methyl cycle. autoinducer 2 (ai-2) is the adduct of borate and a ribose derivat ... | 2015 | 26484864 |
| survey of small intestinal and systemic immune responses following murine arcobacter butzleri infection. | arcobacter (a.) butzleri has been described as causative agent for sporadic cases of human gastroenteritis with abdominal pain and acute or prolonged watery diarrhea. in vitro studies revealed distinct adhesive, invasive and cytotoxic properties of a. butzleri. information about the underlying immunopathological mechanisms of infection in vivo, however, are scarce. the aim of this study was to investigate the immunopathological properties of two different a. butzleri strains in a well-establishe ... | 2015 | 26483849 |
| characterization of a unique tetrasaccharide and distinct glycoproteome in the o-linked protein glycosylation system of neisseria elongata subsp. glycolytica. | broad-spectrum o-linked protein glycosylation is well characterized in the major neisseria species of importance to human health and disease. within strains of neisseria gonorrhoeae, n. meningitidis, and n. lactamica, protein glycosylation (pgl) gene content and the corresponding oligosaccharide structure are fairly well conserved, although intra- and interstrain variability occurs. the status of such systems in distantly related commensal species, however, remains largely unexplored. using a st ... | 2015 | 26483525 |
| characterization of a unique tetrasaccharide and distinct glycoproteome in the o-linked protein glycosylation system of neisseria elongata subsp. glycolytica. | broad-spectrum o-linked protein glycosylation is well characterized in the major neisseria species of importance to human health and disease. within strains of neisseria gonorrhoeae, n. meningitidis, and n. lactamica, protein glycosylation (pgl) gene content and the corresponding oligosaccharide structure are fairly well conserved, although intra- and interstrain variability occurs. the status of such systems in distantly related commensal species, however, remains largely unexplored. using a st ... | 2015 | 26483525 |
| substitute sweeteners: diverse bacterial oligosaccharyltransferases with unique n-glycosylation site preferences. | the central enzyme in the campylobacter jejuni asparagine-linked glycosylation pathway is the oligosaccharyltransferase (ost), pglb, which transfers preassembled glycans to specific asparagine residues in target proteins. while c. jejuni pglb (cjpglb) can transfer many diverse glycan structures, the acceptor sites that it recognizes are restricted predominantly to those having a negatively charged residue in the -2 position relative to the asparagine. here, we investigated the acceptor-site pref ... | 2015 | 26482295 |
| emerging and re-emerging zoonoses of dogs and cats. | since the middle of the 20th century, pets are more frequently considered as "family members" within households. however, cats and dogs still can be a source of human infection by various zoonotic pathogens. among emerging or re-emerging zoonoses, viral diseases, such as rabies (mainly from dog pet trade or travel abroad), but also feline cowpox and newly recognized noroviruses or rotaviruses or influenza viruses can sicken our pets and be transmitted to humans. bacterial zoonoses include bacter ... | 2014 | 26480316 |
| cell-free protein synthesis: pros and cons of prokaryotic and eukaryotic systems. | from its start as a small-scale in vitro system to study fundamental translation processes, cell-free protein synthesis quickly rose to become a potent platform for the high-yield production of proteins. in contrast to classical in vivo protein expression, cell-free systems do not need time-consuming cloning steps, and the open nature provides easy manipulation of reaction conditions as well as high-throughput potential. especially for the synthesis of difficult to express proteins, such as toxi ... | 2015 | 26478227 |
| flipping a lipid-linked oligosaccharide? you must whip it! | the mechanism for flipping large lipid-linked oligosaccharides across membranes has remained a paradox. perez et al. now report the structure of the pglk protein of c. jejuni, a flippase for a bacterial lipid-linked oligosaccharide, and reveal an unexpected whip-like mechanism. | 2015 | 26476576 |
| campylobacter in poultry: ecology and potential interventions. | avian hosts constitute a natural reservoir for thermophilic campylobacter species, primarily campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli, and poultry flocks are frequently colonized in the intestinal tract with high numbers of the organisms. prevalence rates in poultry, especially in slaughter-age broiler flocks, could reach as high as 100% on some farms. despite the extensive colonization, campylobacter is essentially a commensal in birds, although limited evidence has implicated the organism a ... | 2015 | 26473668 |
| gaba selectively increases mucin-1 expression in isolated pig jejunum. | the inhibitory neurotransmitter gaba (γ-aminobutyric acid) is synthesized by glutamic acid decarboxylase, which is expressed in the central nervous system and in various other tissues including the intestine. moreover, gaba can be ingested in vegetarian diets or produced by bacterial commensals in the gastrointestinal tract. as previous studies in lung have suggested a link between locally increased gaba availability and mucin 5ac production, the present study sought to test whether the presence ... | 2015 | 26471792 |
| pretreatment biopsy analysis of dab2ip identifies subpopulation of high-risk prostate cancer patients with worse survival following radiation therapy. | decreased expression of tumor suppressor dab2ip is linked to aggressive cancer and radiation resistance in several malignancies, but clinical survival data is largely unknown. we hypothesized that pretreatment dab2ip reduction would predict worse prostate cancer-specific survival (pcss). immunohistochemistry of pretreatment biopsies was scored by an expert genitourinary pathologist. other endpoints analyzed include freedom from biochemical failure (ffbf), castration resistance-free survival (crf ... | 2015 | 26471467 |
| major contribution of the type ii beta carbonic anhydrase canb (cj0237) to the capnophilic growth phenotype of campylobacter jejuni. | campylobacter jejuni, the leading cause of human bacterial gastroenteritis, requires low environmental oxygen and high carbon dioxide for optimum growth, but the molecular basis for the carbon dioxide requirement is unclear. one factor may be inefficient conversion of gaseous co2 to bicarbonate, the required substrate of various carboxylases. two putative carbonic anhydrases (cas) are encoded in the genome of c. jejuni strain nctc 11168 (cj0229 and cj0237). here, we show that the deletion of the ... | 2016 | 26470757 |
| helicobacter pylori and micrornas: relation with innate immunity and progression of preneoplastic conditions. | the accepted paradigm for intestinal-type gastric cancer pathogenesis is a multistep progression from chronic gastritis induced by helicobacter pylori (h. pylori) to gastric atrophy, intestinal metaplasia, dysplasia and ultimately gastric cancer. the genetic and molecular mechanisms underlying disease progression are still not completely understood as only a fraction of colonized individuals ever develop neoplasia suggesting that bacterial, host and environmental factors are involved. micrornas ... | 2015 | 26468448 |
| non-coeliac gluten sensitivity and reproductive disorders. | an association between coeliac disease and fertility disorders is well recognised in the current literature, but the information related to non-coeliac gluten sensitivity (ncgs) and infertility is lacking. this case highlights a possible role of treating ncgs in the reversal of infertility. | 2015 | 26468350 |
| extended microbiological characterization of göttingen minipigs in the context of xenotransplantation: detection and vertical transmission of hepatitis e virus. | xenotransplantation has been proposed as a solution to the shortage of suitable human donors. pigs are currently favoured as donor animals for xenotransplantation of cells, including islet cells, or organs. to reduce the xenotransplantation-associated risk of infection of the recipient the pig donor should be carefully characterised. göttingen minipigs from ellegaard are often used for biomedical research and are regularly tested by their vendor for the presence of numerous bacteria, fungi, viru ... | 2015 | 26466154 |
| celery seed and related extracts with antiarthritic, antiulcer, and antimicrobial activities. | celery preparations have been used extensively for several millennia as natural therapies for acute and chronic painful or inflammatory conditions. this chapter reviews some of the biological and chemical properties of various celery preparations that have been used as natural remedies. many of these have varying activities and product qualities. a fully standardized celery preparation has been prepared known as an alcoholic extract of the seeds of a plant source derived from northern india. thi ... | 2015 | 26462366 |
| superoxide dismutase sodb is a protective antigen against campylobacter jejuni colonisation in chickens. | campylobacter is the leading cause of foodborne diarrhoeal illness in the developed world and consumption or handling of contaminated poultry meat is the principal source of infection. strategies to control campylobacter in broilers prior to slaughter are urgently required and are predicted to limit the incidence of human campylobacteriosis. towards this aim, a purified recombinant subunit vaccine based on the superoxide dismutase (sodb) protein of c. jejuni m1 was developed and tested in white ... | 2015 | 26458797 |
| high-resolution structures of lactobacillus salivarius transketolase in the presence and absence of thiamine pyrophosphate. | probiotic bacterial strains have been shown to enhance the health of the host through a range of mechanisms including colonization, resistance against pathogens, secretion of antimicrobial compounds and modulation of the activity of the innate immune system. lactobacillus salivarius ucc118 is a well characterized probiotic strain which survives intestinal transit and has many desirable host-interaction properties. probiotic bacteria display a wide range of catabolic activities, which determine t ... | 2015 | 26457526 |
| structural basis for amino-acid recognition and transmembrane signalling by tandem per-arnt-sim (tandem pas) chemoreceptor sensory domains. | chemotaxis, mediated by methyl-accepting chemotaxis protein (mcp) receptors, plays an important role in the ecology of bacterial populations. this paper presents the first crystallographic analysis of the structure and ligand-induced conformational changes of the periplasmic tandem per-arnt-sim (pas) sensing domain (ptpsd) of a characterized mcp chemoreceptor. analysis of the complex of the campylobacter jejuni tlp3 ptpsd with isoleucine (a chemoattractant) revealed that the ptpsd is a dimer in ... | 2015 | 26457436 |
| understanding luminal microorganisms and their potential effectiveness in treating intestinal inflammation. | the human intestine contains 10 bacteria, which outnumber the mammalian cells 10-fold. certain other commensal or infectious agents, like helminthic parasites, become members of this microbial ecosystem, especially in populations living under less hygienic conditions. intestinal microbes, also called the microbiome or microbiota, shape the host immune reactivity to self and nonself throughout life. changes in microbiome composition may impair the maturation of immune regulatory pathways and pred ... | 2016 | 26457381 |
| extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of the lung: evolution from an underlying reactive lymphoproliferative disorder. | extranodal marginal zone lymphoma (enmzl) of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (malt) is a problematic and sometimes controversial diagnosis. while commonly seen in the stomach in the setting of chronic helicobacter pylori infection, other extranodal sites, such as the lung, may also present with disease. enmzl is clinically and morphologically heterogeneous; however, regardless of presentation, the etiology lies in the accumulation of lymphoid tissue in non-traditional sites. this phenomenon is ... | 2015 | 26457231 |
| clostridium perfringens epsilon toxin binds to membrane lipids and its cytotoxic action depends on sulfatide. | epsilon toxin (etx) is one of the major lethal toxins produced by clostridium perfringens types b and d, being the causal agent of fatal enterotoxemia in animals, mainly sheep and goats. etx is synthesized as a non-active prototoxin form (proetx) that becomes active upon proteolytic activation. etx exhibits a cytotoxic effect through the formation of a pore in the plasma membrane of selected cell targets where etx specifically binds due to the presence of specific receptors. however, the identit ... | 2015 | 26452234 |
| campylobacter jejuni outer membrane vesicle-associated proteolytic activity promotes bacterial invasion by mediating cleavage of intestinal epithelial cell e-cadherin and occludin. | outer membrane vesicles (omvs) play an important role in the pathogenicity of gram-negative bacteria. campylobacter jejuni produces omvs that trigger il-8, il-6, hbd-3 and tnf-α responses from t84 intestinal epithelial cells and are cytotoxic to caco-2 iecs and galleria mellonella larvae. proteomic analysis of 11168h omvs identified the presence of three proteases, htra, cj0511 and cj1365c. in this study, 11168h omvs were shown to possess proteolytic activity that was reduced by pretreatment wit ... | 2016 | 26451973 |
| commensal bacterial internalization by epithelial cells: an alternative portal for gut leakiness. | co-existing paracellular and transcellular barrier defect in intestinal epithelium was documented in inflammatory bowel disease, celiac disease, and intestinal obstruction. mechanisms regarding tight junction disruption have been extensively studied; however, limited progress has been made in research on bacterial transcytosis. densely packed brush border (bb), with cholesterol-based lipid rafts in the intermicrovillous membrane invagination, serves as an ultrastructural barrier to prevent direc ... | 2015 | 26451337 |
| biomarkers of guillain-barré syndrome: some recent progress, more still to be explored. | guillain-barré syndrome (gbs), the axonal subtype of which is mainly triggered by c. jejuni with ganglioside-mimicking lipooligosaccharides (los), is an immune-mediated disorder in the peripheral nervous system (pns) accompanied by the disruption of the blood-nerve barrier (bnb) and the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier (b-csf-b). biomarkers of gbs have been extensively explored and some of them are proved to assist in the clinical diagnosis and in monitoring disease progression as well as in as ... | 2015 | 26451079 |
| pilot study of long-term anaesthesia in broiler chickens. | to provide stable anaesthesia of long duration in broiler chickens in order to perform a terminal caecal ligated loop procedure. | 2015 | 26449623 |
| pilot study of long-term anaesthesia in broiler chickens. | to provide stable anaesthesia of long duration in broiler chickens in order to perform a terminal caecal ligated loop procedure. | 2015 | 26449623 |
| use of biomarkers in irritable bowel syndrome: to predict the future, look at the past. | 2015 | 26448457 | |
| [detection of biofilm formation by selected pathogens relevant to the food industry]. | detection of biofilm formation by microbial pathogens relevant to the food industry and comparison of biofilm formation under different conditions of culture. | 2015 | 26448305 |
| molecular typing of fluoroquinolone-resistant campylobacter jejuni isolated from broilers in japan using multilocus sequence typing and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. | fluoroquinolone-resistant campylobacter jejuni isolates from broilers in japan were characterized using multilocus sequence typing and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) in order to elucidate the genetic relationship between these strains. forty-three of the isolates were classified into 20 sequence types and were clustered into 21 pfge types with 70% similarity. the most dominant clonal complex (cc) was cc-21 (41.9%). diverse pfge patterns were observed within the same cc, but the combined ... | 2016 | 26447604 |
| nonmedical uses of antibiotics: time to restrict their use? | the global crisis of antibiotic resistance has reached a point where, if action is not taken, human medicine will enter a postantibiotic world and simple injuries could once again be life threatening. new antibiotics are needed urgently, but better use of existing agents is just as important. more appropriate use of antibiotics in medicine is vital, but the extensive use of antibiotics outside medical settings is often overlooked. antibiotics are commonly used in animal husbandry, bee-keeping, f ... | 2015 | 26444324 |
| dna methylation. | the dna of escherichia coli contains 19,120 6-methyladenines and 12,045 5-methylcytosines in addition to the four regular bases, and these are formed by the postreplicative action of three dna methyltransferases. the majority of the methylated bases are formed by the dam and dcm methyltransferases encoded by the dam (dna adenine methyltransferase) and dcm (dna cytosine methyltransferase) genes. although not essential, dam methylation is important for strand discrimination during the repair of re ... | 2014 | 26442938 |
| correcting inconsistencies and errors in bacterial genome metadata using an automated curation tool in excel (autocure). | whole-genome data are invaluable for large-scale comparative genomic studies. current sequencing technologies have made it feasible to sequence entire bacterial genomes with relative ease and time with a substantially reduced cost per nucleotide, hence cost per genome. more than 3,000 bacterial genomes have been sequenced and are available at the finished status. publically available genomes can be readily downloaded; however, there are challenges to verify the specific supporting data contained ... | 2015 | 26442252 |
| the bacterial pangenome as a new tool for analysing pathogenic bacteria. | the bacterial pangenome was introduced in 2005 and, in recent years, has been the subject of many studies. thanks to progress in next-generation sequencing methods, the pangenome can be divided into two parts, the core (common to the studied strains) and the accessory genome, offering a large panel of uses. in this review, we have presented the analysis methods, the pangenome composition and its application as a study of lifestyle. we have also shown that the pangenome may be used as a new tool ... | 2015 | 26442149 |
| pancreatic amylase is an environmental signal for regulation of biofilm formation and host interaction in campylobacter jejuni. | campylobacter jejuni is a commensal bacterium in the intestines of animals and birds and a major cause of food-borne gastroenteritis in humans worldwide. here we show that exposure to pancreatic amylase leads to secretion of an α-dextran by c. jejuni and that a secreted protease, cj0511, is required. exposure of c. jejuni to pancreatic amylase promotes biofilm formation in vitro, increases interaction with human epithelial cell lines, increases virulence in the galleria mellonella infection mode ... | 2015 | 26438798 |
| the importance of rare subtypes in diagnosis and treatment of peripheral neuropathy: a review. | peripheral neuropathy is a prevalent condition that usually warrants a thorough history and examination but has limited diagnostic evaluation. however, rare localizations of peripheral neuropathy often require more extensive diagnostic testing and different treatments. | 2015 | 26437251 |
| sweet talk: protein glycosylation in bacterial interaction with the host. | pathogenic bacteria encode virulent glycosyltransferases that conjugate various glycans onto substrate proteins via the n- or o-linkage. the hmw system in nontypeable haemophilus influenzae and the pgl system in campylobacter jejuni glycosylate bacterial surface or periplasmic proteins at the eukaryotic-like asn-x-ser/thr motif. the nleb effector from enterobacteria mediates arginine glcnacylation of host death-domain proteins to block inflammation, representing an atypical n-glycosylation. the ... | 2015 | 26433695 |
| reactive oxygen species and mitochondria: a nexus of cellular homeostasis. | reactive oxygen species (ros) are integral components of multiple cellular pathways even though excessive or inappropriately localized ros damage cells. ros function as anti-microbial effector molecules and as signaling molecules that regulate such processes as nf-kb transcriptional activity, the production of dna-based neutrophil extracellular traps (nets), and autophagy. the main sources of cellular ros are mitochondria and nadph oxidases (noxs). in contrast to nox-generated ros, ros produced ... | 2015 | 26432659 |
| the intestinal microbiome in bariatric surgery patients. | with nearly 39% of the worldwide adult population classified as obese, much of the globe is facing a serious public health challenge. increasing rates of obesity, coupled with the failure of many behavioural and pharmacological interventions, have contributed to a rise in popularity of bariatric surgery as a treatment for obesity. surgery-mediated weight loss was initially thought to be a direct result of mechanical alterations causing restriction and calorie malabsorption. however, the mounting ... | 2015 | 26426680 |
| neuroimmune pharmacological approaches. | intestinal inflammation is a major health problem which impairs the quality of life, impacts mental health and is exacerbated by stress and psychiatric disturbances which, in turn, can affect disease prognosis and response to treatment. accumulating evidence indicates that the immune system is an important interface between intestinal inflammation and the enteric, sensory, central and autonomic nervous systems. in addition, the neuroimmune interactions originating from the gastrointestinal tract ... | 2015 | 26426677 |
| trachoma and ocular chlamydial infection in the era of genomics. | trachoma is a blinding disease usually caused by infection with chlamydia trachomatis (ct) serovars a, b, and c in the upper tarsal conjunctiva. individuals in endemic regions are repeatedly infected with ct throughout childhood. a proportion of individuals experience prolonged or severe inflammatory episodes that are known to be significant risk factors for ocular scarring in later life. continued scarring often leads to trichiasis and in-turning of the eyelashes, which causes pain and can even ... | 2015 | 26424969 |
| campylobacter jejuni pflb is required for motility and colonisation of the chicken gastrointestinal tract. | campylobacter jejuni is the leading cause of foodborne bacterial gastroenteritis worldwide. although the mechanisms by which c. jejuni causes disease are not completely understood, the presence of functional flagella appears to be required for colonisation of the gastrointestinal tract of humans and animals. therefore much attention has been given to understanding the synthesis and role of flagella in c. jejuni. in this study we report insights into the function of pflb that is essential for cam ... | 2015 | 26423554 |
| campylobacter species in animal, food, and environmental sources, and relevant testing programs in canada. | campylobacter species, particularly thermophilic campylobacters, have emerged as a leading cause of human foodborne gastroenteritis worldwide, with campylobacter jejuni, campylobacter coli, and campylobacter lari responsible for the majority of human infections. although most cases of campylobacteriosis are self-limiting, campylobacteriosis represents a significant public health burden. human illness caused by infection with campylobacters has been reported across canada since the early 1970s. m ... | 2015 | 26422448 |
| guillain-barré syndrome: clinical profile and management. | guillain-barré syndrome (gbs) is a fulminant polyradiculoneuropathy that is acute, frequently severe and autoimmune in nature. etiology of gbs is incompletely understood, prognosis is usually good with early detection and prompt treatment. this retrospective study was done to evaluate clinical profile, epidemiological, laboratory, and electrodiagnostic features of patients with gbs and mode of management, complications and prognostic factors. | 2015 | 26421004 |
| high-frequency variation of purine biosynthesis genes is a mechanism of success in campylobacter jejuni. | phenotypic variation is prevalent in the zoonotic pathogen campylobacter jejuni, the leading agent of enterocolitis in the developed world. heterogeneity enhances the survival and adaptive malleability of bacterial populations because variable phenotypes may allow some cells to be protected against future stress. exposure to hyperosmotic stress previously revealed prevalent differences in growth between c. jejuni strain 81-176 colonies due to resistant or sensitive phenotypes, and these isolated ... | 2015 | 26419875 |
| determination of cut-off cycle threshold values in routine rt-pcr assays to assist differential diagnosis of norovirus in children hospitalized for acute gastroenteritis. | norovirus (nv) is an important cause of acute gastroenteritis in children, but is also frequently detected in asymptomatic children, which complicates the interpretation of nv detection results in both the clinical setting and population prevalence studies. a total of 807 faecal samples from children aged <5 years hospitalized for acute gastroenteritis were collected in thai binh, vietnam, from january 2011 to september 2012. real-time rt-pcr was used to detect and quantify nv-rna in clinical sa ... | 2015 | 26418350 |
| cysteine mutational studies provide insight into a thiol-based redox switch mechanism of metal and dna binding in fura from anabaena sp. pcc 7120. | the ferric uptake regulator (fur) is the main transcriptional regulator of genes involved in iron homeostasis in most prokaryotes. fura from anabaena sp. pcc 7120 contains five cysteine residues, four of them arranged in two redox-active cxxc motifs. the protein needs not only metal but also reducing conditions to remain fully active in vitro. through a mutational study of the cysteine residues present in fura, we have investigated their involvement in metal and dna binding. | 2016 | 26414804 |
| pathogen loading from canada geese faeces in freshwater: potential risks to human health through recreational water exposure. | canada geese (branta canadensis) faeces have been shown to contain pathogenic protozoa and bacteria in numerous studies over the past 15 years. further, increases in both the canada geese populations and their ideal habitat requirements in the united states (us) translate to a greater presence of these human pathogens in public areas, such as recreational freshwater beaches. combining these factors, the potential health risk posed by canada geese faeces at freshwater beaches presents an emerging ... | 2016 | 26414207 |
| distribution of antimicrobial resistance in campylobacter strains isolated from poultry at a slaughterhouse and supermarkets in japan. | fifty strains of campylobacter jejuni/coli were detected in 108 specimens of chicken meat and organs sampled at six supermarkets and one poultry slaughterhouse (large scale) between april and october 2013 (isolation rates: 84.8% from the slaughterhouse, 29.3% from the supermarkets). 46/50 strains were successfully recovered and subjected to the e-test to examine their susceptibility to three fluoroquinolone antibacterial agents authorized for use in poultry in japan: enrofloxacin (erfx), ofloxac ... | 2015 | 26412697 |
| flhg employs diverse intrinsic domains and influences flhf gtpase activity to numerically regulate polar flagellar biogenesis in campylobacter jejuni. | flagellation in polar flagellates is one of the rare biosynthetic processes known to be numerically regulated in bacteria. polar flagellates must spatially and numerically regulate flagellar biogenesis to create flagellation patterns for each species that are ideal for motility. flhg atpases numerically regulate polar flagellar biogenesis, yet flhg orthologs are diverse in motif composition. we discovered that campylobacter jejuni flhg is at the center of a multipartite mechanism that likely inf ... | 2015 | 26411371 |
| flhg employs diverse intrinsic domains and influences flhf gtpase activity to numerically regulate polar flagellar biogenesis in campylobacter jejuni. | flagellation in polar flagellates is one of the rare biosynthetic processes known to be numerically regulated in bacteria. polar flagellates must spatially and numerically regulate flagellar biogenesis to create flagellation patterns for each species that are ideal for motility. flhg atpases numerically regulate polar flagellar biogenesis, yet flhg orthologs are diverse in motif composition. we discovered that campylobacter jejuni flhg is at the center of a multipartite mechanism that likely inf ... | 2015 | 26411371 |
| the increased severity in patients presenting to hospital with diarrhea in dhaka, bangladesh since the emergence of the hybrid strain of vibrio cholerae o1 is not unique to cholera patients. | a hybrid strain of vibrio cholerae o1 el tor that expresses a classical cholera toxin (ct) emerged in 2001. this hybrid variant rapidly replaced the previous el tor strain around the world. the global emergence of this variant coincided with anecdotal reports that cholera patients were presenting with more severe dehydration and disease in many locations. | 2015 | 26409202 |
| risk of escherichia coli o157:h7, non-o157 shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli, and campylobacter spp. in food animals and their products in qatar. | escherichia coli o157:h7, non-o157 e. coli, and campylobacter spp. are among the top-ranked pathogens that threaten the safety of food supply systems around the world. the associated risks and predisposing factors were investigated in a dynamic animal population using a repeat-cross-sectional study design. animal and environmental samples were collected from dairy and camel farms, chicken processing plants, and abattoirs and analyzed for the presence of these pathogens using a combination of bac ... | 2015 | 26408129 |
| thermodynamics of abc transporters. | abc transporters form the largest of all transporter families, and their structural study has made tremendous progress over recent years. however, despite such advances, the precise mechanisms that determine the energy-coupling between atp hydrolysis and the conformational changes following substrate binding remain to be elucidated. here, we present our thermodynamic analysis for both abc importers and exporters, and introduce the two new concepts of differential-binding energy and elastic confo ... | 2015 | 26408021 |
| thermodynamics of abc transporters. | abc transporters form the largest of all transporter families, and their structural study has made tremendous progress over recent years. however, despite such advances, the precise mechanisms that determine the energy-coupling between atp hydrolysis and the conformational changes following substrate binding remain to be elucidated. here, we present our thermodynamic analysis for both abc importers and exporters, and introduce the two new concepts of differential-binding energy and elastic confo ... | 2015 | 26408021 |
| evidence for the sialylation of pila, the pi-2a pilus-associated adhesin of streptococcus agalactiae strain nem316. | streptococcus agalactiae (or group b streptococcus, gbs) is a commensal bacterium present in the intestinal and urinary tracts of approximately 30% of humans. we and others previously showed that the pi-2a pilus polymers, made of the backbone pilin pilb, the tip adhesin pila and the cell wall anchor protein pilc, promote adhesion to host epithelia and biofilm formation. affinity-purified pi-2a pili from gbs strain nem316 were recognized by n-acetylneuraminic acid (neunac, also known as sialic ac ... | 2015 | 26407005 |
| novel gm1 ganglioside-like peptide mimics prevent the association of cholera toxin to human intestinal epithelial cells in vitro. | cholera is an acute diarrheal disease caused by infection in the gastrointestinal tract by the gram-negative bacterium, vibrio cholerae, and is a serious public health threat worldwide. there has not been any effective treatment for this infectious disease. cholera toxin (ct), which is secreted by v. cholerae, can enter host cells by binding to gm1, a monosialoganglioside widely distributed on the plasma membrane surface of various animal epithelial cells. the present study was undertaken to gen ... | 2015 | 26405107 |
| novel gm1 ganglioside-like peptide mimics prevent the association of cholera toxin to human intestinal epithelial cells in vitro. | cholera is an acute diarrheal disease caused by infection in the gastrointestinal tract by the gram-negative bacterium, vibrio cholerae, and is a serious public health threat worldwide. there has not been any effective treatment for this infectious disease. cholera toxin (ct), which is secreted by v. cholerae, can enter host cells by binding to gm1, a monosialoganglioside widely distributed on the plasma membrane surface of various animal epithelial cells. the present study was undertaken to gen ... | 2015 | 26405107 |
| site-specific ser/thr/tyr phosphoproteome of sinorhizobium meliloti at stationary phase. | sinorhizobium meliloti, a facultative microsymbiont of alfalfa, should fine-tune its cellular processes to live saprophytically in soils characterized with limited nutrients and diverse stresses. in this study, tio2 enrichment and lc-ms/ms were used to uncover the site-specific ser/thr/tyr phosphoproteome of s. meliloti in minimum medium at stationary phase. there are a total of 96 unique phosphorylated sites, with a ser/thr/tyr distribution of 63:28:5, in 77 proteins. phosphoproteins identified ... | 2015 | 26401955 |
| core genome multilocus sequence typing scheme for high- resolution typing of enterococcus faecium. | enterococcus faecium, a common inhabitant of the human gut, has emerged in the last 2 decades as an important multidrug-resistant nosocomial pathogen. since the start of the 21st century, multilocus sequence typing (mlst) has been used to study the molecular epidemiology of e. faecium. however, due to the use of a small number of genes, the resolution of mlst is limited. whole-genome sequencing (wgs) now allows for high-resolution tracing of outbreaks, but current wgs-based approaches lack stand ... | 2015 | 26400782 |
| mosaic composition of riba and wspb genes flanking the virb8-d4 operon in the wolbachia supergroup b-strain, wstr. | the obligate intracellular bacterium, wolbachia pipientis (rickettsiales), is a widespread, vertically transmitted endosymbiont of filarial nematodes and arthropods. in insects, wolbachia modifies reproduction, and in mosquitoes, infection interferes with replication of arboviruses, bacteria and plasmodia. development of wolbachia as a tool to control pest insects will be facilitated by an understanding of molecular events that underlie genetic exchange between wolbachia strains. here, we used n ... | 2015 | 26400107 |
| mosaic composition of riba and wspb genes flanking the virb8-d4 operon in the wolbachia supergroup b-strain, wstr. | the obligate intracellular bacterium, wolbachia pipientis (rickettsiales), is a widespread, vertically transmitted endosymbiont of filarial nematodes and arthropods. in insects, wolbachia modifies reproduction, and in mosquitoes, infection interferes with replication of arboviruses, bacteria and plasmodia. development of wolbachia as a tool to control pest insects will be facilitated by an understanding of molecular events that underlie genetic exchange between wolbachia strains. here, we used n ... | 2015 | 26400107 |
| synergistic effects of probiotic leuconostoc mesenteroides and bacillus subtilis in malted ragi (eleucine corocana) food for antagonistic activity against v. cholerae and other beneficial properties. | finger millet (elucine corocana), locally known as ragi, and probiotics have been recognized for their health benefits. in the present work we describe novel probiotic ragi malt (functional food) that has been prepared using ragi and probiotic leuconostoc mesenteroides (lm) and bacillus subtilis natto (bs), alone and in combination, for antagonistic activity against vibrio cholerae (vc). in vitro studies using pure cultures showed that each probiotic strain (lm or bs) was able to inhibit the pla ... | 2012 | 26396299 |
| synergistic effects of probiotic leuconostoc mesenteroides and bacillus subtilis in malted ragi (eleucine corocana) food for antagonistic activity against v. cholerae and other beneficial properties. | finger millet (elucine corocana), locally known as ragi, and probiotics have been recognized for their health benefits. in the present work we describe novel probiotic ragi malt (functional food) that has been prepared using ragi and probiotic leuconostoc mesenteroides (lm) and bacillus subtilis natto (bs), alone and in combination, for antagonistic activity against vibrio cholerae (vc). in vitro studies using pure cultures showed that each probiotic strain (lm or bs) was able to inhibit the pla ... | 2012 | 26396299 |