Publications

[contribution of electronic health record in surveillance of notifiable diseases].	in 2009 a system was introduced for the automatic import (ai) of cases with suspected notifiable diseases (nd) from electronic medical record (emr) to redalerta, an application for surveillance in andalusia. at present, the contribution of this system to classical active statement has not been determined enough. the main objective of this study is to evaluate the usefulness of ia in the province of granada, between 2009 and 2014.	2015	26650475
[evaluation of 10 cases of lyme disease presenting with erythema migrans in istanbul, turkey].	lyme disease (ld) is a tick-borne, multisystemic infection caused by borrelia burgdorferi. although variable rates of seropositivity for b.burgdorferi have been reported between 2% to 44% in turkey, its actual prevalence is not well-understood. the aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the characteristics of 10 cases of ld presenting as erythema migrans (em) between 2009 and 2013 from istanbul which is one of the metropolitan cities of turkey. of the patients, five were male and five w ...	2015	26649410
[monoinfections caused by borrelia burgdorferi and borrelia burgdorferi / anaplasma phagocytophilum co-infections in forestry workers and farmers].	the presence of co-infections induced by tick-borne pathogens in humans is an important epidemiological phenomenon. this issue has attracted growing attention of doctors and people working under conditions of an increased risk of being exposed to tick bites.	2015	26647983
hypothetical protein bb0569 is essential for chemotaxis of the lyme disease spirochete borrelia burgdorferi.	the lyme disease spirochete borrelia burgdorferi has five putative methyl-accepting chemotaxis proteins (mcps). in this report, we provide evidence that a hypothetical protein, bb0569, is essential for the chemotaxis of b. burgdorferi. while bb0569 lacks significant homology to the canonical mcps, it contains a conserved domain (spanning residues 110 to 170) that is often evident in membrane-bound mcps such as tar and tsr of escherichia coli. unlike tar and tsr, bb0569 lacks transmembrane region ...	2016	26644432
erythema migrans associated with partial horner's syndrome.	lyme disease is a tick-borne illness caused mainly by three species of spirochaete borrelia--b. burgdorferi, b. afzelii and b. garinii. it has three stages of presentation--early localised, early-disseminated and late lyme. erythema migrans is the most common manifestation of lyme disease, and is usually seen 7-14 days after the tick bite. patients seldom remember the tick bite. patients may often present with neurological manifestations indicating neuroborreliosis. these manifestations range fr ...	2015	26643187
lyme disease in poland - a serious problem?	we evaluated the clinical picture of patients hospitalized with lyme disease (ld). additionally, we analyzed the possible cause of sudden rise in ld incidence in poland.	2016	26641887
dna data visualization (ddv): software for generating web-based interfaces supporting navigation and analysis of dna sequence data of entire genomes.	data visualization methods are necessary during the exploration and analysis activities of an increasingly data-intensive scientific process. there are few existing visualization methods for raw nucleotide sequences of a whole genome or chromosome. software for data visualization should allow the researchers to create accessible data visualization interfaces that can be exported and shared with others on the web. herein, novel software developed for generating dna data visualization interfaces i ...	2015	26636979
lymphoma presenting as acute-onset dysphagia.	a 61-year-old man with recent bell's palsy developed acute vocal cord paralysis causing severe dysphagia. csf analysis showed elevated protein and a normal cell count; contrast-enhanced mri of the brain was normal. he was treated with ivig for a presumed bulbar-variant aidp and gradually improved. six months later, the patient developed rapidly progressive hearing loss and vestibular dysfunction. repeat mri revealed bilateral enhancement of the eighth cranial nerves and a hypercellular mass in t ...	2015	26635982
lyme disease: time for a new approach?		2015	26634936
appendix d: summary of evidence-based guideline for clinicians: treatment of nervous system lyme disease.		2015	26633793
appendix c: practice parameter: diagnosis of patients with nervous system lyme borreliosis (lyme disease).		2015	26633792
lyme neuroborreliosis.	lyme disease, caused by the spirochete borrelia burgdorferi, is the most common tick-borne illness in the united states and europe. lyme disease usually begins with the characteristic skin lesion, erythema migrans, at the site of the tick bite. following hematogenous dissemination, neurologic, cardiac, and/or rheumatologic involvement may occur. neurologic involvement occurs in up to 15% of untreated b. burgdorferi infection and neurologists should be familiar with its diagnosis and management.	2015	26633786
phylogeographic structure of the white-footed mouse and the deer mouse, two lyme disease reservoir hosts in québec.	modification of a species range is one of many consequences of climate change and is driving the emergence of lyme disease in eastern canada. the primary reservoir host of the bacteria responsible for lyme disease, borrelia burgdorferi, is the white-footed mouse (peromyscus leucopus), whose range is rapidly shifting north into southern québec. the deer mouse, p. maniculatus, is occurring over most québec province and is a less competent host for b. burgdorferi. here, we compared the phylogeograp ...	2015	26633555
gis and remote sensing use in the exploration of lyme disease epidemiology.	given the relatively recent recognition of lyme disease (ld) by cdc in 1990 as a nationally notifiable infectious condition, the rise of reported human cases every year argues for a better understanding of its geographic scope. the aim of this inquiry was to explore research conducted on spatiotemporal patterns of lyme disease in order to identify strategies for implementing vector and reservoir-targeted interventions. the focus of this review is on the use of gis-based methods to study populati ...	2015	26633445
novel structural components contribute to the high thermal stability of acyl carrier protein from enterococcus faecalis.	enterococcus faecalis is a gram-positive, commensal bacterium that lives in the gastrointestinal tracts of humans and other mammals. it causes severe infections because of high antibiotic resistance. e. faecalis can endure extremes of temperature and ph. acyl carrier protein (acp) is a key element in the biosynthesis of fatty acids responsible for acyl group shuttling and delivery. in this study, to understand the origin of high thermal stabilities of e. faecalis acp (ef-acp), its solution struc ...	2015	26631734
novel structural components contribute to the high thermal stability of acyl carrier protein from enterococcus faecalis.	enterococcus faecalis is a gram-positive, commensal bacterium that lives in the gastrointestinal tracts of humans and other mammals. it causes severe infections because of high antibiotic resistance. e. faecalis can endure extremes of temperature and ph. acyl carrier protein (acp) is a key element in the biosynthesis of fatty acids responsible for acyl group shuttling and delivery. in this study, to understand the origin of high thermal stabilities of e. faecalis acp (ef-acp), its solution struc ...	2015	26631734
living in limbo: contested narratives of patients with chronic symptoms following lyme disease.	persistent, subjective symptoms of unknown etiology following treatment for lyme disease have been termed post- treatment lyme disease syndrome or chronic lyme disease (ptlds/cld). the objective of this study was to give primacy to the patient experience of this medically contested condition by eliciting patient illness narratives and identifying emergent issues through semistructured interviews conducted among 29 participants. we used thematic narrative analysis to identify three predominant th ...	2017	26631681
occurrence of borrelia burgdorferi s.l. in different genera of mosquitoes (culicidae) in central europe.	lyme disease or lyme borreliosis is a vector-borne infectious disease caused by spirochetes of the borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex. some stages of the borrelial transmission cycle in ticks (transstadial, feeding and co-feeding) can potentially occur also in insects, particularly in mosquitoes. in the present study, adult as well as larval mosquitoes were collected at 42 different geographical locations throughout germany. this is the first study, in which german mosquitoes were analyzed ...	2016	26631488
lyme carditis in the fast lane: from alternating bundle branch block to asystole in 12 hours.	lyme borreliosis is a multisystem infectious disease with well-known cardiac involvement, including potential carditis as well as conduction abnormalities. we report a case of lyme disease in a previously healthy 24-year-old male presenting with alternating right- and left-bundle branch block, indicating infra-hisian atrioventricular (infra-his) block with an accelerated fascicular escape rhythm. inless than 12 hours, the conduction abnormalities progressed to asystole requiring the urgent place ...	2015	26630701
an e-mail interview with prof. jeremy s. gray.		2015	26629462
hepatic decompensation in the absence of obvious precipitants: the potential role of cytomegalovirus infection/reactivation.	details of two patients with alcohol-related and mixed aetiology cirrhosis who developed acute-on-chronic liver failure/hepatic decompensation with no obvious precipitants are reported. cytomegalovirus (cmv) infection or reactivation was diagnosed in both, and required treatment with ganciclovir in one. both returned to baseline hepatic function and remain well. physicians should be alert to the possibility that cmv might cause or contribute to hepatic decompensation in patients with cirrhosis, ...	2015	26629358
individuality, phenotypic differentiation, dormancy and 'persistence' in culturable bacterial systems: commonalities shared by environmental, laboratory, and clinical microbiology.	for bacteria, replication mainly involves growth by binary fission. however, in a very great many natural environments there are examples of phenotypically dormant, non-growing cells that do not replicate immediately and that are phenotypically 'nonculturable' on media that normally admit their growth. they thereby evade detection by conventional culture-based methods. such dormant cells may also be observed in laboratory cultures and in clinical microbiology. they are usually more tolerant to s ...	2015	26629334
treatment with doxycycline of generalized annular elastolytic giant cell granuloma associated with borrelia burgdorferi infection.	this is a case of generalized annular elastolytic giant cell granuloma (aegcg) associated with borrelia infection and genes of p-30, p-31, p-39. a possible cross-mediated reaction from the t-cell type which might have induced the aegcg is discussed from the concept of "heat-shock proteins (hsps) and molecular mimicry".	2015	26624605
treatment with doxycycline of generalized annular elastolytic giant cell granuloma associated with borrelia burgdorferi infection.	this is a case of generalized annular elastolytic giant cell granuloma (aegcg) associated with borrelia infection and genes of p-30, p-31, p-39. a possible cross-mediated reaction from the t-cell type which might have induced the aegcg is discussed from the concept of "heat-shock proteins (hsps) and molecular mimicry".	2015	26624605
meningitis-retention syndrome.	meningitis-retention syndrome (mrs) is a clinical entity that has recently appeared in the literature. we present the case of a 22-year-old man with fever and headache who, in the course of his hospitalization with a diagnosis of aseptic meningitis, developed acute urinary retention. fewer than 30 such cases have been described and in several of them, no clear associations with other disorders have been made. in some cases, direct association with viral infection has been proved, and in others, ...	2015	26620904
lipid requirements for the enzymatic activity of mray translocases and in vitro reconstitution of the lipid ii synthesis pathway.	screening of new compounds directed against key protein targets must continually keep pace with emerging antibiotic resistances. although periplasmic enzymes of bacterial cell wall biosynthesis have been among the first drug targets, compounds directed against the membrane-integrated catalysts are hardly available. a promising future target is the integral membrane protein mray catalyzing the first membrane associated step within the cytoplasmic pathway of bacterial peptidoglycan biosynthesis. h ...	2015	26620564
electrocardiograph abnormalities in children with lyme meningitis.	the objective of the study was to estimate the prevalence of and identify risk factors for electrocardiographic (ecg) changes in children presenting with lyme meningitis.	2012	26619422
laboratory diagnosis of tick-borne african relapsing fevers: latest developments.	in africa, relapsing fevers caused by ectoparasite-borne borrelia species are transmitted by ticks, with the exception of borrelia recurrentis, which is a louse-borne spirochete. these tropical diseases are responsible for mild to deadly spirochetemia. cultured borrelia crocidurae, borrelia duttonii, and borrelia hispanica circulate alongside at least six species that have not yet been cultured in vectors. direct diagnosis is hindered by the use of non-specific laboratory tools. indeed, microsco ...	2015	26618151
infectious uveitis.	infectious uveitis is one of the most common and visually devastating causes of uveitis in the us and worldwide. this review provides a summary of the identification, treatment, and complications associated with certain forms of viral, bacterial, fungal, helminthic, and parasitic uveitis. in particular, this article reviews the literature on identification and treatment of acute retinal necrosis due to herpes simplex virus, varicella virus, and cytomegalovirus. while no agreed-upon treatment has ...	2015	26618074
making green infrastructure healthier infrastructure.	increasing urban green and blue structure is often pointed out to be critical for sustainable development and climate change adaptation, which has led to the rapid expansion of greening activities in cities throughout the world. this process is likely to have a direct impact on the citizens' quality of life and public health. however, alongside numerous benefits, green and blue infrastructure also has the potential to create unexpected, undesirable, side-effects for health. this paper considers ...	2015	26615823
coinfection by ixodes tick-borne pathogens: ecological, epidemiological, and clinical consequences.	ixodes ticks maintain a large and diverse array of human pathogens in the enzootic cycle, including borrelia burgdorferi and babesia microti. despite the poor ecological fitness of b. microti, babesiosis has recently emerged in areas endemic for lyme disease. studies in ticks, reservoir hosts, and humans indicate that coinfection with b. burgdorferi and b. microti is common, promotes transmission and emergence of b. microti in the enzootic cycle, and causes greater disease severity and duration ...	2015	26613664
coinfection by ixodes tick-borne pathogens: ecological, epidemiological, and clinical consequences.	ixodes ticks maintain a large and diverse array of human pathogens in the enzootic cycle, including borrelia burgdorferi and babesia microti. despite the poor ecological fitness of b. microti, babesiosis has recently emerged in areas endemic for lyme disease. studies in ticks, reservoir hosts, and humans indicate that coinfection with b. burgdorferi and b. microti is common, promotes transmission and emergence of b. microti in the enzootic cycle, and causes greater disease severity and duration ...	2015	26613664
molecular pathogenesis of lymphomas of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue--from (auto)antigen driven selection to the activation of nf-κb signaling.	lymphomas of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (malt) are typically present at sites such as the stomach, lung or urinary tract, where lymphoid tissues scatter in mucosa lamina propria, intra- or sub-epithelial cells. the infection of certain pathogens, such as helicobacter pylori, chlamydophila psittaci, borrelia burgdorferi, hepatitis c virus, or certain autoantigens cause these sites to generate a germinal center called the "acquired lymphoid tissue". the molecular pathogenesis of malt lympho ...	2015	26612043
emerging horizons for tick-borne pathogens: from the 'one pathogen-one disease' vision to the pathobiome paradigm.	ticks, as vectors of several notorious zoonotic pathogens, represent an important and increasing threat for human and animal health in europe. recent applications of new technology revealed the complexity of the tick microbiome, which may affect its vectorial capacity. appreciation of these complex systems is expanding our understanding of tick-borne pathogens, leading us to evolve a more integrated view that embraces the 'pathobiome'; the pathogenic agent integrated within its abiotic and bioti ...	2015	26610021
methodological quality of guidelines for management of lyme neuroborreliosis.	many aspects of clinical management of lyme neuroborreliosis are subject to intense debates. guidelines show considerable variability in their recommendations, leading to divergent treatment regimes. the most pronounced differences in recommendations exist between guidelines from scientific societies and from patient advocacy groups. assessment of the methodological quality of these contradictory guideline recommendations can be helpful for healthcare professionals.	2015	26607686
evaluation of flab1, flab2, flab3, and tp0463 of treponema pallidum for serodiagnosis of syphilis.	syphilis is a multistage disease caused by the invasive spirochete treponema pallidum subsp. pallidum, and accurate diagnosis is important for the prevention and treatment of syphilis. here, to identify appropriate diagnostic antigens for serodiagnosis of syphilis, 6 recombinant proteins were expressed in escherichia coli and purified, including flagellins (flab1 [tp0868], flab2 [tp0792], and flab3 [tp0870]), tp0463, tp0751, and tp1038. the sensitivities were determined by screening sera from in ...	2016	26607421
lyme disease.	lyme disease is among the most frequently diagnosed zoonotic tick-borne diseases worldwide. the number of human cases has been on the increase since the first recognition of its aetiological agent. lyme disease is caused by spirochete bacteria belonging to the genus borrelia, with b. burgdorferi sensu stricto (s.s.) found in the americas, and b. afzelii and b. garinii, in addition to b. burgdorferi s.s., in europe and asia. environmental factors, such as human encroachment onto habitats favourab ...	2015	26601457
monoclonal antibodies for the diagnosis of borrelia crocidurae.	relapsing fever borreliae, produced by ectoparasite-borne borrelia species, cause mild to deadly bacteremia and miscarriage. in the perspective of developing inexpensive assays for the rapid detection of relapsing fever borreliae, we produced 12 monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against borrelia crocidurae and characterized the two exhibiting the highest titers. p3a10 mab reacts with the 35.6-kda flagellin b (flab) of b. crocidurae while p6d9 mab recognizes a 35.1-kda variable-like protein (vlp) in b ...	2016	26598566
lyme disease. recognising and treating erythema migrans.	lyme disease is a tick-borne bacterial infection caused by borrelia spirochetes. the first stage of infection involves a characteristic skin lesion, erythema migrans. erythema migrans is a ring-shaped skin lesion, centred on the bite, which expands outwards. it usually appears within two weeks after a bite from an infected tick. if left untreated, the infection sometimes extends or progresses over a period of months or years, leading to potentially severe neurological, articular, cutaneous and c ...	2015	26594731
ixodes scapularis dystroglycan-like protein promotes borrelia burgdorferi migration from the gut.	the causative agent of lyme borreliosis, borrelia burgdorferi, is transmitted by ixodes ticks. during tick feeding, b. burgdorferi migrates from the tick gut to the salivary glands from where transmission to the host occurs. b. burgdorferi-interacting tick proteins might serve as vaccine targets to thwart b. burgdorferi transmission. a previous screening for b. burgdorferi-interacting ixodes scapularis gut proteins identified an i. scapularis putative dystroglycan protein (iscw015049). here, we ...	2015	26594018
ixodes scapularis dystroglycan-like protein promotes borrelia burgdorferi migration from the gut.	the causative agent of lyme borreliosis, borrelia burgdorferi, is transmitted by ixodes ticks. during tick feeding, b. burgdorferi migrates from the tick gut to the salivary glands from where transmission to the host occurs. b. burgdorferi-interacting tick proteins might serve as vaccine targets to thwart b. burgdorferi transmission. a previous screening for b. burgdorferi-interacting ixodes scapularis gut proteins identified an i. scapularis putative dystroglycan protein (iscw015049). here, we ...	2015	26594018
tickborne borrelia infections: beyond just lyme disease.		2015	26593264
methods to prevent tick bites and lyme disease.	current approaches for prevention of tick bites, lyme disease, and other tick-borne diseases are described. particular attention is paid to 4 risk-reduction strategies: (i) avoiding risk areas; (ii) personal protective measures that reduce the risk of tick bites or transmission of the agent of lyme disease, borrelia burgdorferi; (iii) reducing the number of infected ticks in the environment; and (iv) use of prophylactic antibiotic treatments following a bite to prevent clinical lyme disease.	2015	26593263
borrelia miyamotoi disease: neither lyme disease nor relapsing fever.	borrelia miyamotoi disease (bmd) is a newly recognized borreliosis globally transmitted by ticks of the ixodes persulcatus species complex. once considered to be a tick symbiont with no public health implications, b miyamotoi is increasingly recognized as the agent of a nonspecific febrile illness often misdiagnosed as acute lyme disease without rash, or as ehrlichiosis. the frequency of its diagnosis in the northeastern united states is similar to that of human granulocytic ehrlichiosis. a diag ...	2015	26593262
lyme disease coinfections in the united states.	lyme disease in north america is caused by infection with the spirochetal bacterium borrelia burgdorferi and transmitted by ixodes scapularis and ixodes pacificus ticks. these ticks also have the potential to transmit a rapidly expanding list of other pathogenic bacteria, viruses, and parasites, including anaplasma phagocytophilum, babesia microti, deer tick (powassan) virus, borrelia miyamotoi, and the ehrlichia muris-like organism. coinfections with b burgdorferi and these other agents are oft ...	2015	26593260
alternatives to serologic testing for diagnosis of lyme disease.	although serologic testing remains the gold standard for laboratory diagnosis of lyme disease, the antibody response may take several weeks to increase greater than the limit of detection. because of this extended time frame, it is necessary to identify new diagnostic methods for earlier diagnosis and appropriate treatment of lyme disease. alternative diagnostic modalities, such as borrelia culture or nucleic acid amplification testing, may be beneficial in specific clinical scenarios. in early ...	2015	26593259
lyme disease diagnosis: serology.	serology is the mainstay of confirmation of lyme borreliosis; direct detection has limited application. because standardized 2-tier testing (sttt) has been commonly used since the mid 1990s, standardization and performance have improved. sttt detection of early, localized infection is poor; that of late disease is good. the best indicator of stage 1 infection, erythema migrans, is presented in the majority of us cases and should prompt treatment without testing. clinical and epidemiologic correl ...	2015	26593258
nervous system lyme disease.	nervous system involvement occurs in 10% to 15% of patients infected with the tick-borne spirochetes borrelia burgdorferi, b afzelii, and b garinii. peripheral nervous system involvement is common. central nervous system (cns) involvement, most commonly presenting with lymphocytic meningitis, causes modest cerebrospinal fluid (csf) pleocytosis. parenchymal cns infection is rare. if the cns is invaded, however, measuring local production of anti-b burgdorferi antibodies in the csf provides a usef ...	2015	26593257
clinical manifestations and treatment of lyme disease.	lyme disease is the most common tick-borne illness in the united states and is also seen in areas of europe and asia. the growing deer and ixodes species tick populations in many areas underscore the importance of clinicians to properly recognize and treat the different stages of lyme disease. controversy regarding the cause and management of persistent symptoms following treatment of lyme disease persists and is highlighted in this review.	2015	26593256
borrelia burgdorferi pathogenesis and the immune response.	borrelia burgdorferi is the tick-borne etiologic agent of lyme disease. the spirochete must negotiate numerous barriers in order to establish a disseminated infection in a mammalian host. these barriers include migration from the feeding tick midgut to the salivary glands, deposition in skin, manipulation or evasion of the localized host immune response, adhesion to and extravasation through an endothelial barrier, hematogenous dissemination, and establishment of infection in distal tissue sites ...	2015	26593255
ecology and epidemiology of lyme borreliosis.	lyme borreliosis is a zoonotic, tick-borne disease that infects humans worldwide. the disease is currently recognized as the most common vector-borne disease in europe and north america. disease is caused by several genospecies of the borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex. humans are at high risk of infection in regions where highly competent reservoirs are the primary hosts for the subadult stages of the tick, in contrast to regions where less competent or refractory animals feed ticks. human ...	2015	26593254
infections and mixed infections with the selected species of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex in ixodes ricinus ticks collected in eastern poland: a significant increase in the course of 5 years.	in the years 2008-2009 and 2013-2014, 1620 and 1500 questing ixodes ricinus ticks, respectively, were examined on the territory of the lublin province (eastern poland). the presence of three pathogenic species causing lyme disease was investigated: borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, b. afzelii and b. garinii. the proportion of i. ricinus ticks infected with b. burgdorferi sensu lato showed a highly significant increase between 2008-2009 and 2013-2014, from 6.0 to 15.3%. a significant increase w ...	2015	26590929
infections and mixed infections with the selected species of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex in ixodes ricinus ticks collected in eastern poland: a significant increase in the course of 5 years.	in the years 2008-2009 and 2013-2014, 1620 and 1500 questing ixodes ricinus ticks, respectively, were examined on the territory of the lublin province (eastern poland). the presence of three pathogenic species causing lyme disease was investigated: borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, b. afzelii and b. garinii. the proportion of i. ricinus ticks infected with b. burgdorferi sensu lato showed a highly significant increase between 2008-2009 and 2013-2014, from 6.0 to 15.3%. a significant increase w ...	2015	26590929
evaluation of the leptospira interrogans outer membrane protein ompl37 as a vaccine candidate.	the identification of potential vaccine candidates against leptospirosis remains a challenge. however, one such candidate is ompl37, a potentially surface-exposed antigen that has the highest elastin-binding ability described to date, suggesting that it plays an important role in host colonization. in order to evaluate ompl37's ability to induce a protective immune response, prime-boost, dna and subunit vaccine strategies were tested in the hamster model of lethal leptospirosis. the humoral immu ...	2015	26588685
bacterial motility reveals unknown molecular organization.	the water solubility of lyotropic liquid crystals (lcs) makes them very attractive to study the behavior of biological microorganisms in an environment where local symmetry is broken (as often encountered in nature). several recent studies have shown a dramatic change in the behavior of flagellated bacteria when swimming in solutions of the lyotropic lc disodium cromoglycate (dscg). in this study, the movements of escherichia coli bacteria in dscg-water solutions of different concentrations are ...	2015	26588572
new records of ixodes affinis (acari: ixodidae) parasitizing avian hosts in southeastern virginia.	ixodes affinis neumann (acari: ixodidae) is a hard-bodied tick species distributed throughout much of the southeastern united states. although i. affinis does not parasitize humans, it is a competent vector of borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, the causative-agent of lyme disease, and thus contributes to the enzootic maintenance of this pathogen. this study presents evidence of i. affinis parasitizing five new host passerine species. during 2012-2014, 1,888 birds were captured and examined for ...	2016	26586535
lyme disease.	occupational and environmental health nurses should educate workers about ways to prevent tick bites, which can cause lyme disease.	2016	26585171
intestinal spirochaetes (genus brachyspira) colonise wild birds in the southern atlantic region and antarctica.	the genus brachyspira contains well-known enteric pathogens of veterinary significance, suggested agents of colonic disease in humans, and one potentially zoonotic agent. there are recent studies showing that brachyspira are more widespread in the wildlife community than previously thought. there are no records of this genus in wildlife from the southern atlantic region and antarctica. our aim was therefore, to determine whether intestinal spirochaetes of genus brachyspira colonise marine and co ...	2015	26584828
tickborne lymphadenopathy complicated by acute myopericarditis, spain.		2015	26584361
detection of canine vector-borne diseases in eastern poland by elisa and pcr.	the aim of the study was to establish the prevalence of ehrlichia canis, anaplasma phagocytophilum and borrelia burgdorferi in dogs in eastern poland and to determine the factors associated with exposure (seroposity) or infection (pcr). anti-a. phagocytophilum, anti-b. burgdorferi and anti-e. canis antibodies were determined in 400 dogs, using the snap 4dx ® test (idexx laboratories). in addition, pcrs were performed for the detection of e. canis, a. phagocytophilum and b. burgdorferi dna. in re ...	2015	26581374
detection of canine vector-borne diseases in eastern poland by elisa and pcr.	the aim of the study was to establish the prevalence of ehrlichia canis, anaplasma phagocytophilum and borrelia burgdorferi in dogs in eastern poland and to determine the factors associated with exposure (seroposity) or infection (pcr). anti-a. phagocytophilum, anti-b. burgdorferi and anti-e. canis antibodies were determined in 400 dogs, using the snap 4dx ® test (idexx laboratories). in addition, pcrs were performed for the detection of e. canis, a. phagocytophilum and b. burgdorferi dna. in re ...	2015	26581374
analyzing the molecular mechanism of lipoprotein localization in brucella.	bacterial lipoproteins possess diverse structure and functionality, ranging from bacterial physiology to pathogenic processes. as such many lipoproteins, originating from brucella are exploited as potential vaccines to countermeasure brucellosis infection in the host. these membrane proteins are translocated from the cytoplasm to the cell membrane where they are anchored peripherally by a multifaceted targeting mechanism. although much research has focused on the identification and classificatio ...	2015	26579096
insights into the development of ixodes scapularis: a resource for research on a medically important tick species.	ticks (acari: ixodida) are arthropod ectoparasites dependent on a bloodmeal from a vertebrate host at each developmental stage for completion of their life cycle. this tick feeding cycle impacts animal health by causing damage to hides, secondary infections, immune reactions and diseases caused by transmission of pathogens. the genus ixodes includes several medically important species that vector diseases, including granulocytic anaplasmosis and lyme disease. i. scapularis, commonly called the b ...	2015	26576940
gender differences in childhood lyme neuroborreliosis.	many neurological diseases show differences between genders. we studied gender differences in childhood lyme neuroborreliosis (lnb) in an endemic area of lyme borreliosis in norway.	2015	26576072
treatment options for statin-associated muscle symptoms.	about 4.6 million persons in germany are now taking statins, i.e., drugs that inhibit the enzyme 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme a (hmgcoa) reductase. statins lower the concentration of low-density lipoproteins (ldl) and thereby lessen the rate of cardiovascular events; the size of this effect depends on the extent of lowering of the ldl cholesterol concentration. muscle symptoms are a clinically relevant side effect of statin treatment.	2015	26575138
cyclic di-gmp regulates multiple cellular functions in the symbiotic alphaproteobacterium sinorhizobium meliloti.	sinorhizobium meliloti undergoes major lifestyle changes between planktonic states, biofilm formation, and symbiosis with leguminous plant hosts. in many bacteria, the second messenger 3',5'-cyclic di-gmp (c-di-gmp, or cdg) promotes a sessile lifestyle by regulating a plethora of processes involved in biofilm formation, including motility and biosynthesis of exopolysaccharides (eps). here, we systematically investigated the role of cdg in s. meliloti rm2011 encoding 22 proteins putatively associ ...	2016	26574513
long-term intrinsic rhythm evaluation in dogs with atrioventricular block.	atrioventricular block (avb) is a conduction abnormality along the atrioventricular node that, depending on etiology, may lead to different outcomes.	2015	26572234
long-term intrinsic rhythm evaluation in dogs with atrioventricular block.	atrioventricular block (avb) is a conduction abnormality along the atrioventricular node that, depending on etiology, may lead to different outcomes.	2015	26572234
investigating the roles of the c-terminal domain of plasmodium falciparum gyra.	malaria remains as one of the most deadly diseases in developing countries. the plasmodium causative agents of human malaria such as plasmodium falciparum possess an organelle, the apicoplast, which is the result of secondary endosymbiosis and retains its own circular dna. a type ii topoisomerase, dna gyrase, is present in the apicoplast. in prokaryotes this enzyme is a proven, effective target for antibacterial agents, and its discovery in p. falciparum opens up the prospect of exploiting it as ...	2015	26566222
testing practices and volume of non-lyme tickborne diseases in the united states.	large commercial laboratories in the united states were surveyed regarding the number of specimens tested for eight tickborne diseases in 2008. seven large commercial laboratories reported testing a total of 2,927,881 specimens nationally (including lyme disease). of these, 495,585 specimens (17%) were tested for tickborne diseases other than lyme disease. in addition to large commercial laboratories, another 1051 smaller commercial, hospital, and government laboratories in four states (ct, md, ...	2016	26565931
truncated seasonal activity patterns of the western blacklegged tick (ixodes pacificus) in central and southern california.	patterns of seasonal activity and density of host-seeking western blacklegged ticks, ixodes pacificus, were investigated in central and southern california. weekly to monthly drag sampling was undertaken at two sites in santa barbara county and one site in los angeles county over multiple years. adult i. pacificus became active in the winter (late november) and were rare or absent by late april to early may. nymphal ticks became active in early to late february, were absent by early may to early ...	2016	26564403
coevolved mutations reveal distinct architectures for two core proteins in the bacterial flagellar motor.	switching of bacterial flagellar rotation is caused by large domain movements of the flig protein triggered by binding of the signal protein chey to flim. flig and flim form adjacent multi-subunit arrays within the basal body c-ring. the movements alter the interaction of the flig c-terminal (fligc) "torque" helix with the stator complexes. atomic models based on the salmonella entrovar c-ring electron microscopy reconstruction have implications for switching, but lack consensus on the relative ...	2015	26561852
analysis of nanomechanical properties of borrelia burgdorferi spirochetes under the influence of lytic factors in an in vitro model using atomic force microscopy.	atomic force microscopy (afm) is an experimental technique which recently has been used in biology, microbiology, and medicine to investigate the topography of surfaces and in the evaluation of mechanical properties of cells. the aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the complement system and specific anti-borrelia antibodies in in vitro conditions on the modification of nanomechanical features of b. burgdorferi b31 cells.	2015	26561849
causes of neuropathy in patients referred as "idiopathic neuropathy".	the etiology of neuropathy was idiopathic in 20%-30% of patients despite thorough investigation, based on results from the 1980s and 1990s. since then, new etiologies have been recognized, and skin biopsy has been used to confirm small-fiber neuropathy.	2016	26561790
membrane topology and biochemical characterization of the escherichia coli baca undecaprenyl-pyrophosphate phosphatase.	several integral membrane proteins exhibiting undecaprenyl-pyrophosphate (c55-pp) phosphatase activity were previously identified in escherichia coli that belonged to two distinct protein families: the baca protein, which accounts for 75% of the c55-pp phosphatase activity detected in e. coli cell membranes, and three members of the pap2 phosphatidic acid phosphatase family, namely pgpb, ybjg and lpxt. this dephosphorylation step is required to provide the c55-p carrier lipid which plays a centr ...	2015	26560897
cutaneous primary b-cell lymphomas: from diagnosis to treatment.	primary cutaneous b-cell lymphomas are a heterogeneous group of mature b-cells neoplasms with tropism for the skin, whose biology and clinical course differ significantly from the equivalent nodal lymphomas. the most indolent forms comprise the primary cutaneous marginal zone and follicle center b-cell lymphomas that despite the excellent prognosis have cutaneous recurrences very commonly. the most aggressive forms include the primary cutaneous large b-cell lymphomas, consisting in two major gro ...	2015	26560215
virulence of recurrent infestations with borrelia-infected ticks in a borrelia-amplifying bird.	lyme disease cases caused by borrelia burgdorferi s.l. bacteria is increasing steadily in europe, in part due to the expansion of the vector, ixodes ricinus. wild reservoir hosts are typically recurrently infested. understanding the impact of these cumulative parasite exposures on the host's health is, therefore, central to predict the distribution of tick populations and their pathogens. here, we have experimentally investigated the symptoms of disease caused by recurrent infestations in a comm ...	2015	26553505
no evidence that infection alters global recombination rate in house mice.	recombination rate is a complex trait, with genetic and environmental factors shaping observed patterns of variation. although recent studies have begun to unravel the genetic basis of recombination rate differences between organisms, less attention has focused on the environmental determinants of crossover rates. here, we test the effect of one ubiquitous environmental pressure-bacterial infection-on global recombination frequency in mammals. we applied mlh1 mapping to assay global crossover ra ...	2015	26550833
geographic expansion of lyme disease in the southeastern united states, 2000-2014.	background. the majority of lyme disease cases in the united states are acquired on the east coast between northern virginia and new england. in recent years the geographic extent of lyme disease has been expanding, raising the prospect of lyme disease becoming endemic in the southeast. methods. we collected confirmed and probable cases of lyme disease from 2000 through 2014 from the virginia department of health and north carolina department of public health and entered them in a geographic i ...	2015	26550580
the ecological foundations of transmission potential and vector-borne disease in urban landscapes.	urban transmission of arthropod-vectored disease has increased in recent decades. understanding and managing transmission potential in urban landscapes requires integration of sociological and ecological processes that regulate vector population dynamics, feeding behavior, and vector-pathogen interactions in these unique ecosystems. vectorial capacity is a key metric for generating predictive understanding about transmission potential in systems with obligate vector transmission. this review eva ...	2015	26549921
assessing the abundance, seasonal questing activity, and borrelia and tick-borne encephalitis virus (tbev) prevalence of ixodes ricinus ticks in a lyme borreliosis endemic area in southwest finland.	studies have revealed that ixodes ricinus (acari: ixodidae) have become more abundant and their geographical distribution extended northwards in some nordic countries during the past few decades. however, ecological data of tick populations in finland are sparse. in the current study, i. ricinus abundance, seasonal questing activity, and their borrelia spp. and tick-borne encephalitis virus (tbev) prevalence were evaluated in a lyme borreliosis endemic area in southwest finland, seili island, wh ...	2016	26548608
antibodies to rickettsia spp. and borrelia burgdorferi in spanish wild red foxes (vulpes vulpes).	we examined 314 red foxes (vulpes vulpes) from the province of soria, spain, for rickettsia typhi, rickettsia slovaca, and borrelia burgdorferi infection. immunofluorescence assays showed 1.9% had antibodies to r. typhi, 6.7% had antibodies to r. slovaca, and 8.3% had antibodies to b. burgdorferi. serostatus was not correlated with sex or age. because red foxes can be infected by rickettsiae and b. burgdorferi, presence of red foxes may be and indicator for the presence of these pathogens.	2016	26540334
primary central nervous system vasculitis preceded by granulomatous hypophysitis: case report with a review of the literature.	primary central nervous system (cns) vasculitis is an idiopathic inflammatory process that selectively affects cns vasculature without a systemic inflammatory response, and causes luminal obstruction with resultant ischemia of recipient tissue. its varying clinical symptoms and signs depend on the caliber of vessels involved and distribution and location of the affected structures. granulomatous hypophysitis (gh) is an autoimmune inflammatory process typically affecting women, and usually presen ...	2015	26539311
pathogenesis of myeloproliferative neoplasms: role and mechanisms of chronic inflammation.	myeloproliferative neoplasms (mpns) are a heterogeneous group of clonal diseases characterized by the excessive and chronic production of mature cells from one or several of the myeloid lineages. recent advances in the biology of mpns have greatly facilitated their molecular diagnosis since most patients present with mutation(s) in the jak2, mpl, or calr genes. yet the roles played by these mutations in the pathogenesis and main complications of the different subtypes of mpns are not fully eluci ...	2015	26538820
application of nanotrap technology for high sensitivity measurement of urinary outer surface protein a carboxyl-terminus domain in early stage lyme borreliosis.	prompt antibiotic treatment of early stage lyme borreliosis (lb) prevents progression to severe multisystem disease. there is a clinical need to improve the diagnostic specificity of early stage lyme assays in the period prior to the mounting of a robust serology response. using a novel analyte harvesting nanotechnology, nanotrap particles, we evaluated urinary borrelia outer surface protein a (ospa) c-terminus peptide in early stage lb before and after treatment, and in patients suspected of la ...	2015	26537892
nuclear markers reveal predominantly north to south gene flow in ixodes scapularis, the tick vector of the lyme disease spirochete.	ixodes scapularis, the tick vector of the lyme disease spirochete, is distributed over most of the eastern united states, but >80% of all lyme disease cases occur in the northeast. the role that genetic differences between northern and southern tick populations play in explaining this disparate distribution of lyme disease cases is unclear. the present study was conducted with 1,155 snp markers in eight nuclear genes; the 16s mitochondrial gene was examined for comparison with earlier studies. w ...	2015	26536360
fine-scale genetic structure of woodrat populations (genus: neotoma) and the spatial distribution of their tick-borne pathogens.	dusky-footed woodrats are territorial cricetid rodents that individually occupy large stick houses from which they foray to gather food, find mates, and engage in other activities. these rodents are often bitten by ixodes spp. ticks and are reservoirs of some strains of tick-borne bacterial pathogens such as anaplasma phagocytophilum and borrelia burgdorferi. limited dispersal by hosts and vectors could create fine-scale population structure where related hosts and pathogen exposure are co-distr ...	2016	26530982
clinical characteristics, treatment and outcome of children with lyme arthritis in nova scotia.	lyme disease is an emerging problem in nova scotia. lyme arthritis is a late manifestation of lyme disease.	2015	26526378
structural and computational biology in the design of immunogenic vaccine antigens.	vaccination is historically one of the most important medical interventions for the prevention of infectious disease. previously, vaccines were typically made of rather crude mixtures of inactivated or attenuated causative agents. however, over the last 10-20 years, several important technological and computational advances have enabled major progress in the discovery and design of potently immunogenic recombinant protein vaccine antigens. here we discuss three key breakthrough approaches that h ...	2015	26526043
babesiosis and lyme disease co-infection in a female patient returning from the united states.		2016	26525187
serological survey of borrelia infection of dogs in sapporo, japan, where borrelia garinii infection was previously detected.	a serological survey of borrelia infection of dogs was performed in sapporo, japan, where borrelia garinii infection in dogs was detected in 2011. a total of 314 serum samples were collected from dogs that visited three animal hospitals in sapporo from 2012 to 2014. the two-step evaluation method, involving screening elisa followed by western blot analysis, was used to detect antibodies against borrelia species. a total of 34 samples were positive by elisa. among those 34 samples, 32 were positi ...	2015	26522809
serological survey of borrelia infection of dogs in sapporo, japan, where borrelia garinii infection was previously detected.	a serological survey of borrelia infection of dogs was performed in sapporo, japan, where borrelia garinii infection in dogs was detected in 2011. a total of 314 serum samples were collected from dogs that visited three animal hospitals in sapporo from 2012 to 2014. the two-step evaluation method, involving screening elisa followed by western blot analysis, was used to detect antibodies against borrelia species. a total of 34 samples were positive by elisa. among those 34 samples, 32 were positi ...	2015	26522809
spirochetal motility and chemotaxis in the natural enzootic cycle and development of lyme disease.	two-thirds of all bacterial genomes sequenced to-date possess an organelle for locomotion, referred to as flagella, periplasmic flagella or type iv pili. these genomes may also contain a chemotaxis-signaling system which governs flagellar rotation, thus leading a coordinated function for motility. motility and chemotaxis are often crucial for infection or disease process caused by pathogenic bacteria. although motility-associated genes are well-characterized in some organisms, the highly orchest ...	2015	26519910
the centriolar protein cpap g-box: an amyloid fibril in a single domain.	centrioles are evolutionarily conserved cylindrical cell organelles with characteristic radial symmetry. despite their considerable size (400 nm × 200 nm, in humans), genetic studies suggest that relatively few protein components are involved in their assembly. we recently characterized the molecular architecture of the centrosomal p4.1-associated protein (cpap), which is crucial for controlling the centriolar cylinder length. here, we review the remarkable architecture of the c-terminal domain ...	2015	26517891
distribution and presentation of lyme borreliosis in scotland - analysis of data from a national testing laboratory.	this study examines the distribution of laboratory-confirmed cases of lyme borreliosis in scotland and the clinical spectrum of presentations within nhs highland. methods general demographic data (age/sex/referring health board) from all cases of lyme borreliosis serologically confirmed by the national lyme borreliosis testing laboratory from 1 january 2008 to 31 december 2013 were analysed. clinical features of confirmed cases were ascertained from questionnaires sent to referring clinicians wi ...	2015	26517097
leptomeningeal contrast enhancement and blood-csf barrier dysfunction in aseptic meningitis.	to investigate the blood-csf barrier (bcsfb) dysfunction in aseptic meningitis.	2015	26516629
[atypical form of lyme disease].		2015	26516401
integration of ixodes ricinus genome sequencing with transcriptome and proteome annotation of the naïve midgut.	in europe, ixodes ricinus ticks are the most important vectors of diseases threatening humans, livestock, wildlife and companion animals. nevertheless, genomic sequence information is missing and functional annotation of transcripts and proteins is limited. this lack of information is restricting studies of the vector and its interactions with pathogens and hosts. here we present and integrate the first analysis of the i. ricinus genome with the transcriptome and proteome of the unfed i. ricinus ...	2015	26510422
mandibular bone mineral density in patients with behçet's disease.	behçet's disease (bd) is a chronic, recurring vasculitis of unknown etiology. patients with bd may use a lot of medications associated with the clinical symptoms. drugs that are used in the treatment of bd may cause bone loss. the aims of the current study were to compare the bone mineral density (bmd) values between bd and healthy volunteers and describe the effect of disease duration on mandibular bmd.	2015	26508868
evaluating pathogenic dementia variants in posterior cortical atrophy.	posterior cortical atrophy (pca) is an understudied visual impairment syndrome most often due to "posterior alzheimer's disease (ad)" pathology. case studies detected mutations in psen1, psen2, grn, mapt, and prnp in subjects with clinical pca. to detect the frequency and spectrum of mutations in known dementia genes in pca, we screened 124 european-american subjects with clinical pca (n = 67) or posterior ad neuropathology (n = 57) for variants in genes implicated in ad, frontotemporal dementia ...	2015	26507310