Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| three regulatory regions of the aedes aegypti glutamine synthetase gene differentially regulate expression: identification of a crucial regulator in the first exon. | aedes aegyptiglutamine synthetase (gs) is expressed constitutively at various developmental stages and its relative mrna abundance increases in the midgut following blood feeding in support of the biosynthesis of chitin, a component of the peritrophic matrix. to understand the regulation of gs expression better, gs-luciferase reporter fusion genes were constructed and analysed in transiently transfected c6/36 cells. these studies have identified three gs regions: gs-a, -b and -c (c1, c2) that ar ... | 2003 | 14986918 |
| in vitro expression and pharmacology of the 5-ht7-like receptor present in the mosquito aedes aegypti tracheolar cells and hindgut-associated nerves. | we have previously reported the cloning of a 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor (aedes 5-ht7-like receptor) from adult aedes aegypti. for functional expression of the aedes 5-ht7-like receptor, cho-k1 cells were stably transfected with a receptor expression construct, pc5-ht7. the aedes 5-ht7-like receptor positively coupled to gs protein, increasing intracellular camp in response to 5-ht; adenylyl cyclase activity was induced in a concentration-dependent, saturable manner. only 5-ht, and not octopami ... | 2003 | 14986917 |
| triatoma infestans apyrases belong to the 5'-nucleotidase family. | apyrases are nucleoside triphosphate-diphosphohydrolases (ec 3.6.1.5) present in a variety of organisms. the apyrase activity found in the saliva of hematophagous insects is correlated with the prevention of adp-induced platelet aggregation of the host during blood sucking. purification of apyrase activity from the saliva of the triatomine bug triatoma infestans was achieved by affinity chromatography on oligo(dt)-cellulose and gel filtration chromatography. the isolated fraction includes five n ... | 2004 | 14985353 |
| mucigerin, a new coumarin from calophyllum mucigerum (guttiferae). | our recent studies on the stem bark of calophyllum mucigerum (guttiferae) have yielded a new coumarin mucigerin, a prenylated xanthone cudraxanthone c and the common steroidal triterpenes friedelin and stigmasterol. structural elucidations of these compounds were achieved using 1h nmr, 13c nmr, dept, cosy, hetcor and hmbc experiments while ms gave the molecular masses. cytotoxic assays using cem-ss cell line (t-lymphoblastic leukemia) on the crude extracts of the stem bark indicated some activit ... | 2004 | 14984084 |
| biochemical and cytoimmunological evidence for the control of aedes aegypti larval trypsin with aea-tmof. | trypsin and chymotrypsin-like enzymes were detected in the gut of aedes aegypti in the four larval instar and pupal developmental stages. although overall the amount of trypsin synthesized in the larval gut was 2-fold higher than chymotrypsin, both enzymes are important in food digestion. feeding aea-trypsin modulating oostatic factor (tmof) to ae. aegypti and culex quinquefasciatus larvae inhibited trypsin biosynthesis in the larval gut, stunted larval growth and development, and caused mortali ... | 2004 | 14981657 |
| efficacy of vectobac (bacillus thuringiensis variety israelensis) formulations for mosquito control in australia. | laboratory bioassays were conducted on the efficacy of a water-dispersible granule (wg) formulation of bacillus thuringiensis variety israelensis (vectobac wg; active ingredient [ai]: 3,000 bti international toxic units [itu]/mg) against third instars of six common australian mosquito species, aedes aegypti (l.), ochlerotatus vigilax (skuse), ochlerotatus notoscriptus (skuse), culex sitiens wiedemann, culex annulirostris skuse, and culex quinquefasciatus say. the normal model for log-linear mort ... | 2003 | 14977116 |
| genetic, biochemical, and structural characterization of a new densovirus isolated from a chronically infected aedes albopictus c6/36 cell line. | we report the isolation, sequencing, biochemical, and structural characterization of a previously undescribed virus in a chronically infected aedes albopictus c6/36 cell line. this virus is identified as a new densovirus under the densovirinae subfamily of the parvoviridae based on its biological and morphologic properties as well as sequence homologies, and is tentatively designated a. albopictus c6/36 cell densovirus (c6/36 dnv). analysis of the 4094 nt of the c6/36 dnv genome revealed that th ... | 2004 | 14972541 |
| analysis of the replication kinetics of the chimerivax-den 1, 2, 3, 4 tetravalent virus mixture in aedes aegypti by real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. | the vector competence of mosquitoes for chimeric viruses being developed as vaccines to protect against dengue (den) virus infection were evaluated in a cooperative agreement with acambis, inc. chimeric viruses have been constructed that contain the premembrane (prm) and envelope (e) genes of each of the wild-type (wt) den virus serotypes, den-1, den-2, den-3, and den-4, in the yellow fever (yf) vaccine virus (strain 17d) yf-vax backbone. it was previously shown that the replication profile of c ... | 2004 | 14971704 |
| genotoxic evaluation of the organophosphorous pesticide temephos. | the chemical compound temephos (0,0,0',0'-tetrametyl-0,0'-thiodi-p-phenylene phosphorothioate) is an organophosphorous pesticide that has been used in brazil since 1967 in control campaigns against the mosquito aedes aegypti, the vector of dengue and yellow fever. we used single cell gel electrophoresis (scge), sos/umu and ames/salmonella assays to test the toxicity and mutagenicity of temephos. temephos was genotoxic in the scge assay, inducing severe dna lesions (type iv lesions) at doses abov ... | 2002 | 14963843 |
| [domestic water reservoir as breeding site of aedes aegypti]. | 2004 | 14963555 | |
| "plus-c" odorant-binding protein genes in two drosophila species and the malaria mosquito anopheles gambiae. | olfaction plays a crucial role in many aspects of insect behaviour, including host selection by agricultural pests and vectors of human disease. insect odorant-binding proteins (obps) are thought to function as the first step in molecular recognition and the transport of semiochemicals. the whole genome sequence of the fruit fly drosophila melanogaster has been completed and a large number of genes have been annotated as obps, based on the presence of six conserved cysteine residues and a conser ... | 2004 | 14960367 |
| the mechanism of the transmission of myxomatosis in the european rabbit (oryctolagus cuniculus) by the mosquito aedes aegypti. | 1952 | 14934625 | |
| studies on plasmodium gallinaceum. iv. a comparison of the susceptibility of aedes aegypti, anopheles quadrimaculatus and anopheles freeborni. | 1952 | 14933391 | |
| [eradication of aedes aegypti and control of yellow fever; four year continental program]. | 1951 | 14886443 | |
| some nutritional requirements of adult mosquitoes (aedes aegypti) for oviposition. | 1951 | 14851026 | |
| studies on plasmodium gallinaceum. i. characteristics of the infection in the mosquito, aedes aegypti. | 1951 | 14846794 | |
| [innocuousness of the addition of 1 ppm of ddt to drinking water for the eradication of aedes aegypti]. | 1951 | 14821037 | |
| estimation of traces of ddt using aedes aegypti larvae as a biological indicator. | 1951 | 14817816 | |
| a method of infecting aedes aegypti with plasmodium gallinaceum from chick embryos. | 1950 | 14795205 | |
| [attempt at control of aedes aegypti by application of ddt in water tanks]. | 1950 | 14783641 | |
| [a game as an educational strategy for the control of aedes aegypti in venezuelan schoolchildren]. | to assess the value of a game known as jugando en salud: dengue [playing for health: dengue] as a teaching/learning tool leading to the incorporation of schoolchildren enrolled in secondary school in the control of aedes aegypti and dengue prevention activities in the municipality of girardot, aragua state, venezuela. | 2003 | 14769156 |
| enhanced vector competence of aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) from the torres strait compared with mainland australia for dengue 2 and 4 viruses. | australian aedes aegypti (l.) mosquitoes colonized from the torres strait and three mainland localities (charters towers, townsville, and cairns) were fed on blood suspensions containing dengue virus type 2 (den-2) or dengue virus type 4 (den-4). variation was found in oral susceptibility to den-2 (59 -99% infection) and den-4 (28-79% infection) among ae. aegypti assayed for virus at 8, 12, 16, or 20 d after ingestion of infected blood. torres strait ae. aegypti were the most susceptible to den- ... | 2003 | 14765675 |
| contact toxicity and residual activity of different permethrin-based fabric impregnation methods for aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae), ixodes ricinus (acari: ixodidae), and lepisma saccharina (thysanura: lepismatidae). | the effectiveness and residual activities of permethrin-impregnated military battle dress uniforms were evaluated by comparing a new company-manufactured ready-to-use polymer-coating method with two "dipping methods" that are currently used to treat uniforms. residual permethrin amounts and remaining contact toxicities on treated fabrics before and after up to 100 launderings were tested against aedes aegypti (l.), ixodes ricinus (l.), and lepisma saccharina (l.). the residual amount of permethr ... | 2003 | 14765673 |
| the impact of selective oviposition and infection with plagiorchis elegans on aedes aegypti pre-imago population dynamics at optimal food availability. | progressive changes in the attraction of waters harboring pre-imago populations of aedes aegypti exposed to different levels of the entomopathogenic digenean plagiorchis elegans to ovipositing conspecific females were assessed under conditions of optimal food availability. the impact of ovipositional preference and parasitic infection on population structure and development was investigated. probabilities that larvae progress from one stage to the next or die within 24 h were calculated for all ... | 2003 | 14765660 |
| convergent habitat segregation of aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus (diptera: culicidae) in southeastern brazil and florida. | during the rainy season of 2001, the incidence of the dengue vectors aedes aegypti and ae. albopictus was examined in different habitats of two cities (rio de janeiro and nova iguaçu) in rio de janeiro state, brazil, and in two cities (palm beach and boca raton) in florida. oviposition trap collections were performed in urban, suburban, and rural habitats in both areas. our hypothesis that the abundances and frequencies of occurrence of ae. aegypti and ae albopictus are affected in opposite ways ... | 2003 | 14765654 |
| allomonal effect of breath contributes to differential attractiveness of humans to the african malaria vector anopheles gambiae. | background: removal of exhaled air from total body emanations or artificially standardising carbon dioxide (co2) outputs has previously been shown to eliminate differential attractiveness of humans to certain blackfly (simuliidae) and mosquito (culicidae) species. whether or not breath contributes to between-person differences in relative attractiveness to the highly anthropophilic malaria vector anopheles gambiae sensu stricto remains unknown and was the focus of the present study. methods: the ... | 2004 | 14748930 |
| comparative delta-endotoxins of bacillus thuringiensis against mosquito vectors (aedes aegypti and culex pipiens). | pure crystals of seven bacillus thuringiensis field isolates from the lower silesia region (poland) were tested against larvae of aedes aegypti l. and culex pipiens l. (culicidae, diptera). the crystals of opq3 phylloplane isolate (belonging to the first biochemical type of b. thuringiensis subsp. japonensis, yoso, jinghongiensis) killed from 68 +/- 7% to 84 +/- 7% of the fourth instar larvae of a. aegypti. the crystals of two other strains (kpf3 and kpc1) of this group caused mortality between ... | 2003 | 14743982 |
| use of a geographic information system for defining spatial risk for dengue transmission in bangladesh: role for aedes albopictus in an urban outbreak. | we used conventional and spatial analytical tools to characterize patterns of transmission during a community-wide outbreak of dengue fever and dengue hemorrhagic fever in dhaka, bangladesh in 2000. a comprehensive household-level mosquito vector survey and interview was conducted to obtain data on mosquito species and breeding as well as illness consistent with dengue. clusters of dengue illnesses and high-density vector populations were observed in a distinct sector of the city. dengue cluster ... | 2003 | 14740881 |
| human transportation influences aedes aegypti gene flow in southeast asia. | estimates of population genetic organization and gene flow of aedes aegypti, the main vector of dengue viruses, have provided insights into dengue epidemiology. to assess the role of the vector in the changing pattern of dengue in southeast asia, extensive studies on the genetic differentiation of aedes aegypti have been carried out. among them, vector differentiation has been estimated for cambodia, thailand and south vietnam using microsatellite markers. analysis showed that there was less gen ... | 2004 | 14739019 |
| collagenolytic serine protease pc and trypsin pc from king crab paralithodes camtschaticus: cdna cloning and primary structure of the enzymes. | in this paper, we describe cdna cloning of a new anionic trypsin and a collagenolytic serine protease from king crab paralithodes camtschaticus and the elucidation of their primary structures. constructing the phylogenetic tree of these enzymes was undertaken in order to prove the evolutionary relationship between them. | 2004 | 14731305 |
| development of a new sindbis virus transducing system and its characterization in three culicine mosquitoes and two lepidopteran species. | alphavirus transducing systems (atss) are alphavirus-based tools for expressing genes in insects. here we describe an ats (5'dsmre16ic) based entirely on sindbis mre16 virus. gfp expression was used to characterize alimentary tract infections and dissemination in three culicine and two lepidopteran species. following per os infection, 5'dsmre16ic-egfp efficiently infected aedes aegypti and culex tritaeniorhynchus, but not culex pipiens pipiens. ae. aegypti clearly showed accumulation of green fl ... | 2004 | 14728670 |
| characterization of an aedes aegypti bacterial artificial chromosome (bac) library and chromosomal assignment of bac clones for physical mapping quantitative trait loci that influence plasmodium susceptibility. | previous studies have confirmed a genetic basis for susceptibility of mosquitoes to plasmodium parasites. here we describe our efforts to characterize a bacterial artificial chromosome genomic library for the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti, and to identify bac clones containing genetic markers that define quantitative trait loci (qtl) for plasmodium gallinaceum susceptibility. this library (ndl) was prepared from the ae. aegypti liverpool strain and consists of 50 304 clones arrayed in 384 ... | 2004 | 14728665 |
| epidemiological and entomological surveillance of the co-circulation of den-1, den-2 and den-4 viruses in french guiana. | we surveyed the disease epidemiology of dengue in french guiana after the first dengue haemorrhagic fever epidemic from 1991 to 1993 and during an endemic period from 1993 to 1995. den-1, den-2 and den-4 viruses were isolated from patients and den-4 was also isolated from aedes aegypti mosquitoes. cases of dengue were reported from all over the country, not only from urban areas, but also from rural areas and isolated human settlements, indicating widespread circulation of the viruses. the mosqu ... | 2004 | 14728605 |
| global change and human vulnerability to vector-borne diseases. | global change includes climate change and climate variability, land use, water storage and irrigation, human population growth and urbanization, trade and travel, and chemical pollution. impacts on vector-borne diseases, including malaria, dengue fever, infections by other arboviruses, schistosomiasis, trypanosomiasis, onchocerciasis, and leishmaniasis are reviewed. while climate change is global in nature and poses unknown future risks to humans and natural ecosystems, other local changes are o ... | 2004 | 14726459 |
| dengue-1 virus isolation during first dengue fever outbreak on easter island, chile. | dengue virus was detected for the first time in chile, in an outbreak of dengue fever on easter island. the virus was isolated in tissue culture and characterized by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction as being dengue type 1. | 2003 | 14718094 |
| laboratory and field evaluation of novaluron, a new acylurea insect growth regulator, against aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae). | novaluron, a new chitin synthesis inhibitor type of insect growth regulator, was evaluated in the laboratory and field against larvae of the mosquito aedes aegypti (l.). in the laboratory, the technical material showed a high level of activity against 2nd and 4th instar larvae. the inhibition of emergence (ie) was 100% at concentrations of 0.25 to 1.0 microg/l. second instars were slightly more susceptible than fourth instars. at the high concentration (1 ppb), most of the mortality occurred in ... | 2003 | 14714674 |
| seasonal prevalence and container preferences of aedes albopictus in santo domingo city, dominican republic. | the seasonal prevalence and container preferences of aedes albopictus (skuse) were studied in the park, parque mirador del norte in santo domingo city, dominican republic, from january to december 1994. tire ovitraps were set along a transect through the park and monitored weekly while two larval surveys were conducted in both the park and surrounding houses using standard entomological methodology. no seasonal pattern of oviposition was observed with similar numbers of positive tire traps colle ... | 2003 | 14714670 |
| comparative susceptibility to oral infection with dengue viruses among local strains of aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) collected at different seasons of the year. | the vector competence of aedes aegypti (l.) mosquitoes, collected during the hot, rainy and cool seasons from different localities in thailand, was tested for a correlation with a seasonal cyclic pattern of dengue incidence. under laboratory conditions, some groups of mosquitoes exhibited differences in susceptibility to oral infection but showed no correlation to dengue cases that peak during the rainy season. thus, the environmental conditions of each season, although they might affect a tempo ... | 2003 | 14714664 |
| assessing fitness costs for transgenic aedes aegypti expressing the gfp marker and transposase genes. | the development of transgenic mosquitoes that are refractory to the transmission of human diseases such as malaria, dengue, and yellow fever has received much interest due to the ability to transform a number of vector mosquito species with transposable elements. transgenic strains of mosquitoes have been generated with molecular techniques that exhibit a reduced capacity to transmit pathogens. these advancements have led to questions regarding the fitness of transgenic mosquitoes and the abilit ... | 2004 | 14711992 |
| evaluation of carbon dioxide- and 1-octen-3-ol-baited centers for disease control fay-prince traps to collect aedes albopictus. | during the summer of 2001, field studies were performed to evaluate the effects of carbon dioxide (co2) and 1-octen-3-ol (octenol) on the ability to collect aedes albopictus with centers for disease control (cdc) fay-prince traps. results from these studies indicated that ae. albopictus is significantly more attracted to co2- or co2 + octenol-baited cdc fay-prince traps than unbaited or octenol-baited traps. however, the difference between the responses to co2 and co2 + octenol was not statistic ... | 0 | 14710753 |
| susceptibility of italian populations of aedes albopictus to temephos and to other insecticides. | we evaluated larval and adult susceptibility to 5 insecticides commonly used for control of aedes albopictus, by using 15 field-collected populations from northern and central italy, and we compared these data, collected in 2002, with those from evaluations conducted in 1992-93, 1996, and 1998-99. larvae were tested for susceptibility to temephos and to the conventional diagnostic dosages of chlorpyrifos and fenthion proposed by the world health organization for aedes aegypti. adults were expose ... | 2003 | 14710746 |
| laboratory evaluation of 18 repellent compounds as oviposition deterrents of aedes albopictus and as larvicides of aedes aegypti, anopheles quadrimaculatus, and culex quinquefasciatus. | among 18 experimental skin repellent compounds tested at five concentrations in the laboratory as oviposition deterrents against aedes albopictus. 12 compounds showed significant activity, with median effective dose values ranging from 0.005 to 0.052%. the test compounds also were evaluated in the laboratory as larvicides against laboratory-reared 4th instars of aedes aegypti, anopheles quadrimaculatus, and culex quinquefasciatus with the same concentrations employed for the oviposition deterren ... | 2003 | 14710743 |
| age-dependent bloodfeeding of aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus on artificial and living hosts. | in order to quantify age-dependent acquisition of a bloodmeal, we compared bloodfeeding patterns of aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus starting from the time of first responsiveness to a bloodmeal up to 15 days postemergence. in separate experiments, cohorts of ae. aegypti and ae. albopictus of known age were offered their first bloodmeal from a silicon-membrane system or a restrained chicken. for cohorts ranging from 3 to 15 days old, the proportions feeding were significantly affected by speci ... | 2003 | 14710735 |
| genetic relationships among populations of aedes aegypti in taiwan by using phenotypic and random amplified dna-polymerase chain reaction markers. | an analysis of gene flow was conducted among collections of aedes aegypti from 7 localities along the southwestern and southeastern coasts in taiwan. markers include 7 types of scaling patterns and 23 random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) loci amplified by the polymerase chain reaction. differences in scaling pattern and in the frequencies of rapd markers were detected among populations and cluster analyses revealed 2 main groups on each side of the central mountain range. regression analysis ... | 2003 | 14710733 |
| aedes aegypti in brazil: genetically differentiated populations with high susceptibility to dengue and yellow fever viruses. | aedes aegypti was eliminated from brazil in 1955, but re-infested the country in the 1970s. dengue outbreaks have occurred since 1981 and became endemic in several cities in brazil after 1986. urban yellow fever has not occurred since 1942, and only jungle yellow fever cases have been reported. a population genetic analysis using isoenzyme variation combined with an evaluation of susceptibility to both yellow fever and dengue 2 viruses was conducted among 23 a. aegypti samples from 13 brazilian ... | 2004 | 14702837 |
| microevolution and virulence of dengue viruses. | the evolution of dengue viruses has had a major impact on their virulence for humans and on the epidemiology of dengue disease around the world. although antigenic and genetic differences in virus strains had become evident, it is mainly due to the lack of animal models of disease that has made it difficult to detect differences in virulence of dengue viruses. however, phylogenetic studies of many different dengue virus samples have led to the association between specific genotypes (within serot ... | 2003 | 14696333 |
| characteristics of the spatial pattern of the dengue vector, aedes aegypti, in iquitos, peru. | we determine the spatial pattern of aedes aegypti and the containers in which they develop in two neighborhoods of the amazonian city of iquitos, peru. four variables were examined: adult ae. aegypti, pupae, containers positive for larvae or pupae, and all water-holding containers. adults clustered strongly within houses and weakly to a distance of 30 meters beyond the household; clustering was not detected beyond 10 meters for positive containers or pupae. over short periods of time restricted ... | 2003 | 14695086 |
| effects of leucokinin-viii on aedes malpighian tubule segments lacking stellate cells. | the diuretic peptide leucokinin is known to increase fluid secretion in malpighian tubules of the yellow fever mosquito aedes aegypti by increasing a transepithelial cl(-) conductance. the present study sought to examine whether stellate cells provided this transepithelial conductance in aedes malpighian tubules as they do in drosophila malpighian tubules. aedes malpighian tubule segments with and without stellate cells were perfused in vitro for measurements of the transepithelial voltage (v(t) ... | 2004 | 14691099 |
| relative efficacy of five synthetic pyrethroids against four vector mosquitoes, anopheles culicifacies, anopheles stephensi, culex quinquefasciatus and aedes aegypti. | 2013 | 14686108 | |
| [dengue] | objective: to review the literature about epidemiological, clinical and preventive aspects of hemorrhagic dengue fever in children, and to provide brazilian pediatricians with an update on dengue methods: we reviewed medline and classic texts.results: dengue is an arbovirus disease, transmitted by aedes aegypti, a mosquito that feeds indoors and is disseminated in brazil. its clinical presentation ranges from asymptomatic forms to acute disease with fever, myalgia, headache and rash. evolution w ... | 1999 | 14685479 |
| a simple parafilm m-based method for blood-feeding aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus (diptera: culicidae). | a simple device for blood-feeding aedes (stegomyia) mosquitoes is described. parafilm m is stretched and pressed into fiberglass window screen to form a packet for holding warmed blood. the method has been used successfully to maintain aedes albopictus colonies for >2 yr. in typical blood-feeding trials, 53 +/- 0.8% (+/-se) of aedes aegypti (linnaeus) and 31 +/- 6% of ae. albopictus (skuse) fed to repletion. | 2003 | 14680132 |
| methoprene interferes with mosquito midgut remodeling during metamorphosis. | many juvenile hormone analogs interfere with insect metamorphosis, a property that makes them useful in insect control and as investigatorial tools with which to study metamorphic mechanisms. we report that one such analog, methoprene, interferes with mosquito metamorphic midgut remodeling. methoprene treated aedes aegypti (l.), aedes albopictus (skuse), and culex quinquefasciatus (say) fourth instars pupate, but the pupal midguts are morphologically similar to larval midguts. the degree of midg ... | 2003 | 14680117 |
| olfactometric evaluation of spatial repellents for aedes aegypti. | the spatial repellency responses of aedes aegypti (l.) to deet, dehydrolinalool and linalool were evaluated using a dual port olfactometer. in the absence of human attractant mixture, each of the three chemicals resulted in activation and/or orientation of mosquitoes to the chemical source. linalool was the most attractive compound. in the presence of human attractant mixture, activation and/or orientation of mosquitoes to each of the three chemicals was reduced. we compared reductions in mosqui ... | 2003 | 14680112 |
| field evaluation of a lethal ovitrap for the control of aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) in thailand. | in 1999 and 2000 we evaluated a lethal ovitrap (lo) for the control of aedes aegypti (l.) in three villages in ratchaburi province, thailand. two blocks of 50 houses (a minimum of 250 m apart) served as treatment and control sites in each village, with each house in the treatment area receiving 10 los. thirty houses in the center of each treatment and control block were selected as sampling sites, with larval and adult mosquito sampling initiated when los were placed. sampling was conducted week ... | 2003 | 14680111 |
| genetic differentiation of aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae), the major dengue vector in brazil. | in 2000, brazil reported 180,137 cases of dengue, approximately 80% of the total in the americas. however, little is known about gene flow among the vector populations in brazil. random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) was used to study the genetic structure of aedes aegypti in 15 populations from five states, with a range extending 2,800 km. an analysis of 47 polymorphic rapd loci estimated gene flow at the macro- (different states) and micro- (different cities) geographical levels. genetic pol ... | 2003 | 14680106 |
| behaviour of filariae: morphological and anatomical signatures of their life style within the arthropod and vertebrate hosts. | this paper attempts to pinpoint the most original morphological anatomical features of the biology of filariae per se and those which are or could be important for triggering regulatory processes in the arthropod vector and uncontrolled pathogenic processes in the vertebrate hosts. the following stages are considered: the motile egg or newly-hatched larva, the microfilaria, in the lymphatic or blood vessels of its vertebrate host; the larva, its migrations and its intrasyncitial development in t ... | 2003 | 14675490 |
| an external loop region of domain iii of dengue virus type 2 envelope protein is involved in serotype-specific binding to mosquito but not mammalian cells. | dengue virus (dv) is a flavivirus and infects mammalian cells through mosquito vectors. this study investigates the roles of domain iii of dv type 2 envelope protein (eiii) in dv binding to the host cell. recombinant eiii interferes with dv infection to bhk21 and c6/36 cells by blocking dengue virion adsorption to these cells. inhibition of eiii on bhk21 cells was broad with no serotype specificity; however, inhibition of eiii on c6/36 cells was relatively serotype specific. soluble heparin comp ... | 2004 | 14671119 |
| raised houses reduce mosquito bites. | background: in many parts of continental africa house construction does not appear to impede entry of malaria vectors and, given their generally late biting cycle, the great majority of transmission takes place indoors. in contrast, many houses in são tomé, 140 km off the coast of gabon, are raised on stilts and built of wooden planks. building on stilts is a time-honoured, but largely untested, way of avoiding mosquito bites. exposure may also be affected by mosquito activity times and age comp ... | 2003 | 14667242 |
| cry29a and cry30a: two novel delta-endotoxins isolated from bacillus thuringiensis serovar medellin. | two novel crystal protein genes from a highly mosquitocidal bacillus thuringiensis serovar medellin strain were cloned and sequenced. the corresponding proteins, cry29a and cry30a, were nontoxic when tested individually against the mosquito species bioassayed (aedes aegypti, culex pipiens and anopheles stephensi). however, cry29a synergized the toxicity of cry11bb against aedes aegypti by a four-fold factor. | 2003 | 14666976 |
| [potential of bacillus thuringiensis israelensis berliner for controlling aedes aegypti]. | the importance of the entomopathogenic bacterium bacillus thuringiensis israelensis in the control of aedes aegypti is presented. the use and potential of b. thuringiensis israelensis against the mosquito vector of dengue fever is described. other aspects such as insect's resistance development against chemicals and advantages and constraints of using microbial control are discussed. emphasis is given to the importance of the use of this bacterium in brazil, which could contribute significantly ... | 2003 | 14666315 |
| [dominance of aedes aegypti over aedes albopictus in the southeastern coast of brazil]. | to assess infestation of aedes aegypti and aedes albopiticus and describe their association with weather conditions and container colonization in urban areas. | 2003 | 14666302 |
| emodin isolated from cassia obtusifolia (leguminosae) seed shows larvicidal activity against three mosquito species. | mosquito larvicidal activity of cassia obtusifolia (leguminosae) seed-derived materials against the fourth-instar larvae of aedes aegypti, aedes togoi, and culex pipiens pallens was examined. the chloroform fraction of c. obtusifolia extract showed a strong larvicidal activity of 100% mortality at 25 mg/l. the biologically active component of c. obtusifolia seeds was characterized as emodin by spectroscopic analyses. the lc(50) values of emodin were 1.4, 1.9, and 2.2 mg/l against c. pipiens pall ... | 2003 | 14664519 |
| learning and memory in the mosquito aedes aegypti shown by conditioning against oviposition deterrence. | oviposition site choice by female mosquitoes, aedes aegypti (l) (diptera: culicidae), was affected by rearing them in water treated with 0.016% of the repellent mozaway trade mark containing citronella and neem. given a choice between a bowl of repellent-treated and a bowl of untreated water, ae. aegypti reared in untreated water strongly preferred to oviposit on the clean water (93-98%) instead of repellent-treated water. this demonstrates effective deterrence of oviposition by dilute mozaway t ... | 2003 | 14651662 |
| monoclonal antibody mg96 completely blocks plasmodium yoelii development in anopheles stephensi. | in spite of research efforts to develop vaccines against the causative agent of human malaria, plasmodium falciparum, effective control remains elusive. the predominant vaccine strategy focuses on targeting parasite blood stages in the vertebrate host. an alternative approach has been the development of transmission-blocking vaccines (tbvs). tbvs target antigens on parasite sexual stages that persist within the insect vector, anopheline mosquitoes, or target mosquito midgut proteins that are pre ... | 2003 | 14638789 |
| removal of wolbachia from brugia pahangi is closely linked to worm death and fecundity but does not result in altered lymphatic lesion formation in mongolian gerbils (meriones unguiculatus). | approximately 30 years ago, researchers reported intracellular bacteria in filarial nematodes. these bacteria are relatives of the arthropod symbiont wolbachia and occur in many filarial nematodes, including brugia pahangi and brugia malayi. wolbachia bacteria have been implicated in a variety of roles, including filaria development and fecundity and the pathogenesis of lymphatic lesions associated with filarial infections. however, the role of the bacteria in worm biology or filarial disease is ... | 2003 | 14638788 |
| acute atrial fibrillation during dengue hemorrhagic fever. | dengue fever is a viral infection transmitted by the mosquito, aedes aegypti. cardiac rhythm disorders, such as atrioventricular blocks and ventricular ectopic beats, appear during infection and are attributed to viral myocarditis. however, supraventricular arrhythmias have not been reported. we present a case of acute atrial fibrillation, with a rapid ventricular rate, successfully treated with intravenous amiodarone, in a 62-year-old man with dengue hemorrhagic fever, who had no structural hea ... | 2003 | 14636482 |
| sex-specific reaction norms to intraspecific larval competition in the mosquito aedes aegypti. | as the relationship between a given life-history trait and fitness is not necessarily the same for the two sexes, an 'intersexual ontogenetic conflict' may arise. we analysed the phenotypic reaction to intraspecific larval competition of the mosquito, aedes aegypti, asking: (i) do both sexes pay the cost of competition with the same life-history traits and are they equal competitors? (ii) is there a specific cost of competition beyond sharing food resources? we found that competition incurs a sp ... | 2003 | 14632235 |
| [interepidemic transmission of dengue in the city of colima, mexico]. | to determine the occurrence of interepidemic dengue in a community infested with aedes aegypti and to analyze its epidemiologic characteristics. | 2003 | 14628616 |
| beyond the fire-hazard mentality of medicine: the ecology of infectious diseases. | 2003 | 14624236 | |
| the role of reactive oxygen species on plasmodium melanotic encapsulation in anopheles gambiae. | malaria transmission depends on the competence of some anopheles mosquitoes to sustain plasmodium development (susceptibility). a genetically selected refractory strain of anopheles gambiae blocks plasmodium development, melanizing, and encapsulating the parasite in a reaction that begins with tyrosine oxidation, and involves three quantitative trait loci. morphological and microarray mrna expression analysis suggest that the refractory and susceptible strains have broad physiological difference ... | 2003 | 14623973 |
| creb isoform represses yolk protein gene expression in the mosquito fat body. | in mosquitoes, the steroid 20-hydroxyecdysone (20e) is the main regulator of yolk protein precursor (ypp) gene expression. however, peptide hormones have also been implicated. to investigate involvement of the camp-mediated signal-transduction cascade in regulation of mosquito vitellogenic events, we cloned an aedes aegypti camp response element binding protein (aacreb). the aacreb contained the domains characteristic to members of the camp response element binding protein (creb) family of trans ... | 2003 | 14615059 |
| the construction of an est database for bombyx mori and its application. | to build a foundation for the complete genome analysis of bombyx mori, we have constructed an est database. because gene expression patterns deeply depend on tissues as well as developmental stages, we analyzed many cdna libraries prepared from various tissues and different developmental stages to cover the entire set of bombyx genes. so far, the bombyx est database contains 35,000 ests from 36 cdna libraries, which are grouped into approximately 11,000 nonredundant ests with the average length ... | 2003 | 14614147 |
| chitinolytic activities in the gut of aedes aegypti (diptera:culicidae) larvae and their role in digestion of chitin-rich structures. | mosquito larvae are believed to be capable of digesting chitin, an insoluble polysaccharide of n-acetylglucosamine, for their nutritional benefit. studies based on physiological and biochemical assays were conducted in order to detect the presence of chitinase activities in the gut of the detritus-feeding aedes aegypti larvae. larvae placed for 24 h in suspensions of chitin azure were able to digest the ingested chitin. semi-denaturing page using glycol chitin and two fluorogenic substrate analo ... | 2003 | 14613799 |
| generating and manipulating transgenic animals using transposable elements. | transposable elements, or transposons, have played a significant role in the history of biological research. they have had a major influence on the structure of genomes during evolution, they can cause mutations, and their study led to the concept of so-called "selfish dna". in addition, transposons have been manipulated as useful gene transfer vectors. while primarily restricted to use in invertebrates, prokaryotes, and plants, it is now clear that transposon technology and biology are just as ... | 2003 | 14613544 |
| inhibition of interferon signaling by dengue virus. | dengue virus is a worldwide-distributed mosquito-borne flavivirus with a positive strand rna genome. its transcribed polyprotein is cleaved by host- and virus-encoded peptidases into 10 proteins, some of which are of unknown function. although dengue virus-infected cells seem to be resistant to the antiviral action of ifn, the viral products that mediate this resistance are unknown. therefore, we have analyzed the ability of the 10 dengue virus-encoded proteins to antagonize the ifn response. we ... | 2003 | 14612562 |
| the non-ltr retrotransposons in ciona intestinalis: new insights into the evolution of chordate genomes. | non-long terminal repeat (non-ltr) retrotransposons have contributed to shaping the structure and function of genomes. in silico and experimental approaches have been used to identify the non-ltr elements of the urochordate ciona intestinalis. knowledge of the types and abundance of non-ltr elements in urochordates is a key step in understanding their contribution to the structure and function of vertebrate genomes. | 2003 | 14611659 |
| [application of one step rt-pcr assay for detection of flavivirus rna in mosquitoes]. | the conditions of one step rt-pcr method for detection of virus rna in field-collected mosquitoes, and preservation period of infected mosquitoes for one step rt-pcr were examined. we compared several virus rna extraction methods with artificially contaminated mosquito pools with dengue virus (dv), japanese encephalitis virus (jev), and yellow fever virus (yfv) with a known amount of plaque forming unit (pfu) to establish the condition of one step rt-pcr. in this study, most effective rna extrac ... | 2003 | 14608915 |
| diagnosis of dengue virus infection by the visual and simple aubiodot immunoglobulin m capture system. | the dengue igm capture elisa (mac-elisa) is the immunoenzymatic system recommended by the pan american health organization and the world health organization for the serological diagnosis of dengue virus infection due to its high sensitivity, ease of performance, and use of a single acute-phase serum sample. however, tests with this enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) system are time-consuming and require equipment for washing, incubation, and reading of the results. aubiodot is a multistep ... | 2003 | 14607869 |
| high efficiency, site-specific excision of a marker gene by the phage p1 cre-loxp system in the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti. | the excision of specific dna sequences from integrated transgenes in insects permits the dissection in situ of structural elements that may be important in controlling gene expression. furthermore, manipulation of potential control elements in the context of a single integration site mitigates against insertion site influences of the surrounding genome. the cre-loxp site-specific recombination system has been used successfully to remove a marker gene from transgenic yellow fever mosquitoes, aede ... | 2003 | 14602940 |
| activity of the corpora allata of adult female aedes aegypti: effects of mating and feeding. | the synthesis of juvenile hormone iii (jh iii) by the isolated corpora allata (ca) of aedes aegypti adult female was studied using an in vitro radiochemical assay. we dissected the corpora allata-corpora cardiaca (ca-cc) complex attached to a piece of aorta. the complex was left connected to the intact head capsule to facilitate the visualization and transfer of the glands. a linear increase in the cumulative amount of biosynthesized jh iii was found for at least the first 6 h of incubation; app ... | 2003 | 14599502 |
| synergistic attraction of aedes aegypti (l.) to binary blends of l-lactic acid and acetone, dichloromethane, or dimethyl disulfide. | kairomones produced by humans provide female anthropophilic mosquitoes with vital cues used in host-seeking for a blood meal. these chemicals are emanated primarily by the skin and provide the mosquitoes a means to orient themselves to humans at a relatively close range. chemical studies of these emanations have provided new ideas for the formulation of attractant blends. we report mosquito attraction responses for three binary blends and their separate components. the blends are comprised of l- ... | 2003 | 14596278 |
| rna interference-mediated knockdown of a gata factor reveals a link to anautogeny in the mosquito aedes aegypti. | blood feeding tightly regulates the reproductive cycle in anautogenous mosquitoes. vitellogenesis (the synthesis of yolk protein precursors) is a key event in the mosquito reproductive cycle and is activated in response to a blood meal. before blood feeding, aedes aegypti is in a state of reproductive arrest during which the yolk protein precursor genes (ypps) are repressed. the regulatory region of the major ypp gene vitellogenin (vg) has multiple gata-binding sites required for the high expres ... | 2003 | 14595016 |
| posttranscriptional control of the competence factor betaftz-f1 by juvenile hormone in the mosquito aedes aegypti. | in anautogenous mosquitoes, vitellogenesis, which includes production of yolk protein precursors, requires blood feeding. consequently, mosquitoes transmit many diseases. understanding the molecular mechanisms of vitellogenesis regulation will contribute significantly to vector control strategies. newly emerged aedes aegypti females require 3 days before becoming competent to activate vitellogenesis in response to a blood-meal-initiated, elevated titer of 20-hydroxyecdysone (20e). an orphan nucl ... | 2003 | 14593204 |
| mosquito larvicidal activity of transgenic anabaena pcc 7120 expressing toxin genes from bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis. | genes encoding the mosquito larvicidal toxins cry4aa, cry11aa, cyt1aa and the regulatory p20 from bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis were introduced into the nitrogen-fixing, filamentous cyanobacterium anabaena pcc 7120 for expression under control of two strong promoters p(psba) and p(a1). the clone prve4-adrc displayed toxicity against fourth-instar larvae of aedes aegypti, the highest ever achieved in cyanobacteria. it was about 2.5-fold more toxic than the respective clone without cyt ... | 2003 | 14592708 |
| [centenary of the discovery of yellow fever virus and its transmission by a mosquito (cuba 1900-1901)]. | during the 17th, 18th and 19th centuries, yellow fever has been an ordinary scourge in american cities. in the early part of the 20th century, a main discovery has been achieved in havana city, cuba, leading to direct consequences for tropical medicine, public health and virology. there, the u.s. army yellow fever commission headed by walter reed proved that yellow fever was a viral disease transmitted by a specific mosquito, stegomyia fasciata, in fact aedes aegypti l. the idea that vomito negr ... | 2003 | 14582304 |
| effects of a brassinosteroid analogue to mosquito larvae. | many plant compounds are able to modulate herbivore growth and reproduction by directly interacting with steroid hormones systems. in insects, several classes of phytochemicals, including brassinosteroids and related substances, interfere with molting and reproduction. the effects of the molting-hormone antagonist pesticide di-31, a brassinosteroid analogue, on aedes aegypti mosquito larvae were tested in two different exposure scenarios. after static exposure of first-instar larvae, the calcula ... | 2003 | 14575682 |
| a family of genes clustered at the triplo-lethal locus of drosophila melanogaster has an unusual evolutionary history and significant synteny with anopheles gambiae. | within the unique triplo-lethal region (tpl) of the drosophila melanogaster genome we have found a cluster of 20 genes encoding a novel family of proteins. this family is also present in the anopheles gambiae genome and displays remarkable synteny and sequence conservation with the drosophila cluster. the family is also present in the sequenced genome of d. pseudoobscura, and homologs have been found in aedes aegypti mosquitoes and in four other insect orders, but it is not present in the sequen ... | 2003 | 14573474 |
| [household water reservoirs and control of aedes aegypti]. | water reservoirs for domestic use are important sites for the development of aedes aegypti. in poor areas, these reservoirs are often located outdoors upon flat rooftops. in modern architecture buildings, however, the same is seen even in high-class condominiums. special attention should be given to these modern architectural constructions during entomological surveillance. | 2003 | 14569348 |
| [scanning electron microscopy of eggs of haemagogus leucocelaenus (diptera: culicidae)]. | to observe morphological details of the eggs of haemagogus (conopostegus) leucocelaenus, seen for the first time via scanning electron microscopy (sem), with morphometric analysis of the main structures. | 2003 | 14569344 |
| microbial ecology of bacillus thuringiensis: fecal populations recovered from wildlife in korea. | a total of 34 fecal samples, collected from 14 species of wild mammals in korea, were examined for the occurrence of bacillus thuringiensis. the organism was detected in 18 (53%) samples. among the three food-habit groups, herbivorous animals yielded the highest frequency (69%) of samples positive for b. thuringiensis, followed by omnivorous animals (50%). of the six fecal samples from carnivorous animals, only one sample contained b. thurin giensis. among 527 isolates belonging to the bacillus ... | 2003 | 14569287 |
| 1,5-disubstituted imidazoles inhibit juvenile hormone biosynthesis by the corpora allata of the mosquito aedes aegypti. | we investigated the effect of fifteen 1,5-disubstituted imidazoles (1,5-dis) on juvenile hormone iii (jh iii) and methyl farnesoate (mf) biosynthesis by the corpora allata (ca) of the mosquito aedes aegypti in vitro. four compounds (th-35, th-83, th-62 and th-28) significantly decreased jh biosynthesis in the ca dissected from 3-day old sugar-fed females. the decrease of jh synthesis was not always associated with increased mf. th-30 and th-83 increased mf levels, while th-85 and th-61 significa ... | 2003 | 14568578 |
| infection of malaria (anopheles gambiae s.s.) and filariasis (culex quinquefasciatus) vectors with the entomopathogenic fungus metarhizium anisopliae. | current intra-domiciliary vector control depends on the application of residual insecticides and/or repellents. although biological control agents have been developed against aquatic mosquito stages, none are available for adults. following successful use of an entomopathogenic fungus against tsetse flies (diptera: glossinidae) we investigated the potency of this fungus as a biological control agent for adult malaria and filariasis vector mosquitoes. | 2003 | 14565851 |
| blood meal induces global changes in midgut gene expression in the disease vector, aedes aegypti. | blood feeding is an essential developmental process for many arthropods and plays a significant role in disease transmission. understanding physiological responses in the midgut is important because it is the primary site of blood meal digestion and pathogenic infection. processes that occur in the midgut in response to a blood meal have been studied but are poorly understood. here, we use cdna microarrays to examine midgut gene expression on a global level in response to blood feeding to assist ... | 2003 | 14563362 |
| role of gregarine parasite ascogregarina culicis (apicomplexa: lecudinidae) in the maintenance of chikungunya virus in vector mosquito. | ascogregarina culicis and ascogregarina taiwanensis are common gregarine parasites of aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus mosquitoes, respectively. these mosquito species are also known to transmit dengue and chikungunya viruses. the sporozoites of these parasites invade the midgut epithelial cells and develop intracellularly and extracellularly in the gut to complete their life cycles. the midgut is also the primary site for virus replication in the vector mosquitoes. therefore, studies were car ... | 2003 | 14563178 |
| effect of rotenoids from the seeds of millettia dura on larvae of aedes aegypti. | a crude chloroform extract of seeds of millettia dura dunn (leguminosae) showed high activity (lc50 = 3.5 microg ml(-1) at 24 h) against second-instar larvae of the mosquito, aedes aegypti l (diptera: culicidae). the rotenoids, deguelin and tephrosin, isolated from the seeds of this plant also showed potent activities, with lc50 values of 1.6 and 1.4 microg ml(-1) at 24 h, respectively. the related rotenoids millettone and millettosin were inactive at 20 microg ml(-1). saturation at the b/c ring ... | 2003 | 14561074 |
| dengue 2 pdk-53 virus as a chimeric carrier for tetravalent dengue vaccine development. | attenuation markers of the candidate dengue 2 (d2) pdk-53 vaccine virus are encoded by mutations that reside outside of the structural gene region of the genome. we engineered nine dengue virus chimeras containing the premembrane (prm) and envelope (e) genes of wild-type d1 16007, d3 16562, or d4 1036 virus within the genetic backgrounds of wild-type d2 16681 virus and the two genetic variants (pdk53-e and pdk53-v) of the d2 pdk-53 vaccine virus. expression of the heterologous prm-e genes in the ... | 2003 | 14557629 |
| culex pipiens pipiens: characterization of immune peptides and the influence of immune activation on development of wuchereria bancrofti. | stimulating or augmenting the innate immune response of insect vectors has been shown to impede or disrupt the development and transmission of eukaryotic pathogens; however, the majority of such studies have utilized model systems and not natural parasite-vector systems. the culex pipiens complex of mosquitoes functions as a primary urban vector of wuchereria bancrofti, a causative agent of lymphatic filariasis. to test the effects of immune activation on this vector-parasite interaction, culex ... | 2003 | 14550895 |
| identification of two isoforms of aminopeptidase n in aedes aegypti larval midgut. | the bacterium bacillus thuringiensis produces toxin inclusions that are deleterious to target insect larvae. these toxins are believed to interact with a specific receptor protein(s) that is present on the gut epithelial cells of the larvae. in various insect species (in particular those belonging to the lepidopteran class), aminopeptidase n (apn) is one of the two receptor proteins that are considered to be involved in toxin-receptor interactions. however, in mosquitoes, the nature and identity ... | 2003 | 14536036 |
| laboratory and field evaluations of the insect repellent 3535 (ethyl butylacetylaminopropionate) and deet against mosquito vectors in thailand. | the insect repellents 3535 (ethyl butylacetylaminopropionate or ir3535) and deet (n,n-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide) were prepared as 20% solutions in absolute ethanol and evaluated for repellency against many mosquito species in thailand under laboratory and field conditions using human subjects. in the laboratory, 0.1 ml was applied per 30-cm2 of exposed area on a volunteer's forearm (0.66-0.67 mg active ingredient [ai]/ cm2), whereas in the field, volunteers' legs (from knee to ankle, with a surf ... | 2001 | 14529087 |
| mosquito vector control and biology in latin america--an eleventh symposium. | the 11th annual latin american symposium presented by the american mosquito control association (amca) was held as part of the 67th annual meeting in dallas, tx, in february 2001. the principal objective, as for the previous 10 symposia, was to promote participation in the amca by vector control specialists, public health workers, and academicians from latin america. this publication includes summaries of 45 presentations that were given orally in spanish or presented as posters by participants ... | 2001 | 14529084 |