Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| efficacy of methyl bromide fumigation and insecticidal dips against aedes eggs on lucky bamboo. | importation of lucky bamboo (dracaena sp.) stalk clusters has led to the accidental importation of aedes albopictus in some countries. current methods of fumigation using methyl bromide are harmful to live plants and thus are not acceptable. we exposed aedes aegypti eggs to methyl bromide at rates of 32 g/m3 for 2 and 3 h and 48 g/m3 for 3 h, achieving complete control in 0/5, 1/5, and 5/5 replicates, respectively. submersion for 1 min in aqueous solutions of 0.04% active ingredient (ai) lambda- ... | 2004 | 15532928 |
| repellency of aerosol and cream products containing fennel oil to mosquitoes under laboratory and field conditions. | the repellency of fennel (foeniculum vulgare miller)-containing products (5% aerosol and 8% cream) against mosquitoes was compared with those of citronella oil, geranium oil and deet, as well as three commercial repellents, baby keeper cream containing ir3535, meimei cream containing citronella and geranium oils, and repellan s aerosol containing 19% n,n-diethyl-m-toluamide (deet) under laboratory and field conditions. in a laboratory study with female aedes aegypti (l), fennel oil exhibited goo ... | 2004 | 15532688 |
| larvicidal action of ethanolic extracts from fruit endocarps of melia azedarach and azadirachta indica against the dengue mosquito aedes aegypti. | ethanolic extracts from the kernels of ripe fruits from the indian lilac melia azedarach and from the well-known neem tree, azadirachta indica were assayed against larvae of aedes aegypti, the mosquito vector of dengue fever. the lethality bioassays were carried out according to the recommendations of the world health organization. extracts were tested at doses ranging from 0.0033 to 0.05 g% in an aqueous medium for 24 and 48 h, at 25 or 30 degrees c, with or without feeding of the larvae. lc50, ... | 2004 | 15530964 |
| entomological observations on dengue vector mosquitoes following a suspected outbreak of dengue in certain parts of nagaland with a note on their susceptibility to insecticides. | three species of aedes viz., aedes albopictus, aedes aegypti and aedes annandalei were detected from different breeding sources in and around human habitats during entomological study conducted following an outbreak suspected to be of dengue (which occurred during, 1994) in parts of medziphema phc area of nagaland in two different points of time ie., in the year, 1994 and, 2000. the potential dengue vector, aedes albopictus showed high preponderance by breeding in all types of containers searche ... | 2004 | 15529881 |
| molecular characterization of brevibacillus laterosporus and its potential use in biological control. | thirty-three strains of brevibacillus laterosporus, including three novel strains isolated from brazilian soil samples, were examined for genetic variability by the use of different pcr-based methods. molecular markers that could characterize bacterial strains with regards to their pathogenic potential were investigated. in addition, toxicity was assessed by the use of insects belonging to the orders lepidoptera and coleoptera and the mollusk biomphalaria glabrata. among the targets tested, biom ... | 2004 | 15528531 |
| field- and laboratory-based active dengue surveillance in chennai, tamil nadu, india: observations before and during the 2001 dengue epidemic. | dengue cases are reported every year in the city of chennai, tamil nadu, india. since april 2001, longitudinal field- and laboratory-based active dengue surveillance has been carried out in chennai to study dengue trends. | 2004 | 15525913 |
| molecular characterization of a novel peroxidase involved in aedes aegypti chorion protein crosslinking. | peroxidase-catalyzed chorion or eggshell protein crosslinking is an important biochemical event contributing to the formation of a protective chorion or eggshell in insects. although the survival of the developing or developed embryo in the environment before hatching relies on the protection of the chorion, the identity of the peroxidative enzyme responsible for mediating chorion protein crosslinking has never been identified in any insect species. in this report, we describe the determination ... | 2004 | 15522615 |
| natively unfolded domains in endocytosis: hooks, lines and linkers. | it is commonly assumed that a protein must adopt a tertiary structure to achieve its active native state and that regions of a protein that are devoid of alpha-helix or beta-sheet structures are functionally inert. although extended proline-rich regions are recognized as presenting binding motifs to, for example, src homology 2 (sh2) and sh3 domains, the idea persists that natively unfolded regions in functional proteins are simply 'spacers' between the folded domains. such a view has been chall ... | 0 | 15520805 |
| essential role of membrane-attack protein in malarial transmission to mosquito host. | after ingestion of infected blood by a mosquito, malarial parasites are fertilized in the mosquito midgut and develop into motile ookinetes. these ookinetes invade epithelial cells by rupturing the cell membrane and migrate through the cytoplasm toward the basal lamina, on which they develop to oocysts. here we report that a microneme protein with a membrane-attack complex and perforin (macpf)-related domain, which we name membrane-attack ookinete protein (maop), is produced in the ookinete stag ... | 2004 | 15520375 |
| new insecticidal amides from petroleum ether extract of dried piper nigrum l. whole fruits. | the petroleum ether extract of dried ground whole fruits of piper nigrum l. afforded 20 compounds (1-20) including two new insecticidal amides named as pipnoohine (1), and pipyahyine (2), seven reported for the first time from this plant (12, 13, 15-17, 19, 20), and eleven known compounds (3-11, 14, 18). the structure of 1 has been elucidated as (2e,4e,12z)-n-(4-methylpentyl)octadeca-2,4,12-trienamide and that of 2 as (2e,4e,11e)-12-(benzo[1,3]dioxol-5-yl)-n-(3-methylbutyl)dodeca-2,4,11-trien-am ... | 2004 | 15516761 |
| molecular differentiation of colonized human malaria vectors by 28s ribosomal dna polymorphisms. | anopheles gambiae s.s. giles, an. stephensi liston, an. freeborni aitken, and an. quadrimaculatus say are cultured and studied in molecular genetic and transgenic laboratories with increasing frequency. with limited research space, these mosquitoes are often maintained in the same insectary. under these conditions, cross-contamination of colonies can occur and have devastating consequences to affected research programs. we have developed a polymerase chain reaction-based assay targeting the 28s ... | 2004 | 15516651 |
| population dynamics of aedes aegypti from a dengue hyperendemic urban setting in colombia. | this study evaluated if the aedes aegypti population in the city of cali, colombia was composed of genetically distinct local populations with different levels of insecticide resistance and dengue vector competence. insecticide resistance was assayed biochemically and was associated with varying levels of mixed-function oxidases and non-specific esterases. the genes encoding those enzymes were under selective pressure from insecticides used to suppress ae. aegypti populations. vector competence ... | 2004 | 15516650 |
| nosocomial transmission of dengue. | 2004 | 15515246 | |
| study of sequence variation of dengue type 3 virus in naturally infected mosquitoes and human hosts: implications for transmission and evolution. | dengue virus is an arbovirus that replicates alternately in the mosquito vector and human host. we investigated sequences of dengue type 3 virus in naturally infected aedes aegypti mosquitoes and in eight patients from the same outbreak and reported that the extent of sequence variation seen with the mosquitoes was generally lower than that seen with the patients (mean diversity, 0.21 versus 0.38% and 0.09 versus 0.23% for the envelope [e] and capsid [c] genes, respectively). this was further ve ... | 2004 | 15507664 |
| serotype-specific entry of dengue virus into liver cells: identification of the 37-kilodalton/67-kilodalton high-affinity laminin receptor as a dengue virus serotype 1 receptor. | dengue virus, the causative agent of dengue fever, dengue shock syndrome, and dengue hemorrhagic fever, infects susceptible cells by initially binding to a receptor(s) located on the host cell surface. evidence to date suggests that receptor usage may be cell and serotype specific, and this study sought to identify dengue virus serotype 1 binding proteins on the surface of liver cells, a known target organ. by using a virus overlay protein binding assay (vopba), in both nondenaturing and denatur ... | 2004 | 15507651 |
| chemical composition and larvicidal activity of the essential oils from eupatorium betonicaeforme (d.c.) baker (asteraceae). | the volatile composition of the essential oils from leaves and roots of eupatorium betonicaeforme (d.c.) baker was analyzed by gc-ms. a total of 12 compounds were identified. beta-caryophyllene (12.4-41.7%), alpha-humulene (11.7-14.6%), gamma-muurolene (10.4-19.0%), bicyclogermacrene (15.0-17.5%), 2,2-dimethyl-6-vinylchroman-4-one (10.3-25.5%), and 2-senecioyl-4-vinylphenol (8.5-41.0%) were the most prominent constituents. the former two compounds were isolated and characterized by spectroscopic ... | 2004 | 15506805 |
| dengue emergence and adaptation to peridomestic mosquitoes. | phylogenetic evidence suggests that endemic and epidemic dengue viruses (denv), transmitted among humans by the anthropophilic mosquitoes aedes aegypti and ae. albopictus, emerged when ancestral, sylvatic denv transmitted among nonhuman primates by sylvatic aedes mosquitoes adapted to these peridomestic vectors. we tested this hypothesis by retrospectively examining evidence for adaptation of epidemic and endemic versus sylvatic strains of denv-2 to ae. albopictus and ae. aegypti. first and seco ... | 2004 | 15504265 |
| control of aedes aegypti with temephos in a buenos aires cemetery, argentina. | the efficacy of a larvicide, temephos, for controlling ae. aegypti was evaluated in a cemetery in buenos aires, argentina. breeding sites decreased from 18.4% in the first study period (nov 1998 to may 1999, without temephos) to 2.2% in the second period (nov 1999 to may 2000, two applications), and to 0.05% in the third one (nov 2000 to may 2001, five applications). ovitraps with eggs decreased from 17% in the first period to 5.8% in the second period, and to 2.9% in the third one. results sugg ... | 2004 | 15499449 |
| [tyrophagus putrescentiae predating adult insects of aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus in laboratory]. | the present study aimed at identifying a mite infesting a colony of aedes aegypti and ae. albopictus as well as investigating the source of infestation. the mite species was identified after it was mounted on slides in hoyer's medium and examined under an optical microscope. it showed to be tyrophagus putrescentiae. fish and rabbit food samples were kept in an environmental chamber at 27 degrees c and 90% humidity for 21 days and were weekly examined. the presence of t. putrescentiae was only ob ... | 2004 | 15499448 |
| [susceptibility of aedes aegypti larvae to the insecticide temephos in the federal district, brazil]. | to study the susceptibility status of aedes aegypti to the organophosphate insecticide temephos. | 2004 | 15499431 |
| conservation of capa peptide-induced nitric oxide signalling in diptera. | in d. melanogaster malpighian (renal) tubules, the capa peptides stimulate production of nitric oxide (no) and guanosine 3', 5'-cyclic monophosphate (cgmp), resulting in increased fluid transport. the roles of no synthase (nos), no and cgmp in capa peptide signalling were tested in several other insect species of medical relevance within the diptera (aedes aegypti, anopheles stephensi and glossina morsitans) and in one orthopteran out-group, schistocerca gregaria. nos immunoreactivity was detect ... | 2004 | 15498959 |
| acinetobacter baumannii in human body louse. | while we were isolating bartonella quintana from body lice, 40 acinetobacter baumannii strains were also isolated and genotyped. one clone was unique and the other was ampicillin susceptible. a. baumannii dna was later detected in 21% of 622 lice collected worldwide. these findings show an a. baumannii epidemic in human body lice. | 2004 | 15498175 |
| yellow fever outbreak, southern sudan, 2003. | in may 2003, an outbreak of fatal hemorrhagic fever, caused by yellow fever virus, occurred in southern sudan. phylogenetic analysis showed that the virus belonged to the east african genotype, which supports the contention that yellow fever is endemic in east africa with the potential to cause large outbreaks in humans. | 2004 | 15498174 |
| yellow fever virus infectivity for bolivian aedes aegypti mosquitoes. | the absence of urban yellow fever virus (yfv) in bolivian cities has been attributed to the lack of competent urban mosquito vectors. experiments with aedes aegypti from santa cruz, bolivia, demonstrated infection (100%), dissemination (20%), and transmission of a bolivian yfv strain (cenetrop-322). | 2004 | 15498171 |
| genetic divergence and dispersal of yellow fever virus, brazil. | an analysis of 79 yellow fever virus (yfv) isolates collected from 1935 to 2001 in brazil showed a single genotype (south america i) circulating in the country, with the exception of a single strain from rondonia, which represented south america genotype ii. brazilian yfv strains have diverged into two clades; an older clade appears to have become extinct and another has become the dominant lineage in recent years. pairwise nucleotide diversity between strains ranged from 0% to 7.4%, while amino ... | 2004 | 15498159 |
| incomplete surveillance of a dengue-2 epidemic in ibagué, colombia, 1995-1997. | from april 1995 through november 1997 a dengue epidemic occurred in ibagué (400,000 population), colombia, where 3,419 cases were reported and den 2 virus was isolated from seven patients. a sero-survey conducted in 1996 found evidence of previous dengue infection in 9.6% of the population, indicating that many infections had not been reported. the dengue infections occurred in all age groups, but children under five years of age were most frequently infected. forty-five percent of this ibagué p ... | 2004 | 15495597 |
| a preliminary study of multilevel geographic distribution & prevalence of aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) in the state of goa, india. | dengue virus activity has never been reported in the state of goa. the present study was carried out to document a multilevel geographic distribution, prevalence and preliminary analysis of risk factors for the invasions of aedes aegypti in goa. | 2004 | 15489555 |
| yellow fever: the recurring plague. | despite the availability of a safe and efficacious vaccine, yellow fever (yf) remains a disease of significant public health importance, with an estimated 200,000 cases and 30,000 deaths annually. the disease is endemic in tropical regions of africa and south america; nearly 90% of yf cases and deaths occur in africa. it is a significant hazard to unvaccinated travelers to these endemic areas. virus transmission occurs between humans, mosquitoes, and monkeys. the mosquito, the true reservoir of ... | 2004 | 15487593 |
| [epidemiological characteristics of dengue in the municipality of são luís, maranhão, brazil, 1997-2002]. | a total of 12,008 cases of dengue were reported from 1997 to 2002, with peaks in 1997 (35.8%) and 1998 (45.8%). the disease predominated in the 15-49-year age group (72.2%) and during the rainy season (83.3%), showing a positive correlation with the amount of rainfall (r = 0.84) and relative humidity (r = 0.76) and a negative correlation with temperature (r = -0.78). there was no significant difference (chi2 = 2.319; p > 0.05) in the number of cases in males (49%) and females (51%). dengue was d ... | 2004 | 15486688 |
| comparative larvicidal toxicities of three ecdysone agonists on the mosquitoes aedes aegypti, culex quinquefasciatus, and anopheles gambiae. | ecdysone agonists are hormonally active insect growth regulators that disrupt development of pest insects and have potential for development as insecticides. their effects have been particularly well-studied in lepidoptera and coleoptera, but significantly less is known about their effects on dipterans, particularly aquatic species. the potency of three ecdysone agonists on larvae of 3 mosquito species, aedes aegypti, anopheles gambiae, and culex quinquefasciatus, was examined. anopheles gambiae ... | 2004 | 15484259 |
| aromaticity of tyr-202 in the alpha4-alpha5 loop is essential for toxicity of the bacillus thuringiensis cry4a toxin. | the current model for the mechanism of action of the bacillus thuringiensis cry delta-endotoxins involves the penetration of the alpha4-alpha5 hairpin into the target midgut epithelial cell membranes, followed by pore formation. in this study, pcr-based mutagenesis was employed to identify a critical residue within the alpha4-alpha5 loop of the 130kda cry4a mosquito-larvicidal protein. alanine-substitutions of two charged (asp-198 and asp-200) and four polar (asn-190, asn-195, tyr-201 and tyr-20 ... | 2004 | 15469709 |
| satellite dna from the y chromosome of the malaria vector anopheles gambiae. | satellite dna is an enigmatic component of genomic dna with unclear function that has been regarded as "junk." yet, persistence of these tandem highly repetitive sequences in heterochromatic regions of most eukaryotic chromosomes attests to their importance in the genome. we explored the anopheles gambiae genome for the presence of satellite repeats and identified 12 novel satellite dna families. certain families were found in close juxtaposition within the genome. six satellites, falling into t ... | 2005 | 15466420 |
| saint lucia revisited. | the eastern caribbean island of saint lucia is now famous in parasitological history as the setting for a major programme of schistosomiasis control'. perhaps less well-known are the island's effective control of many intestinal parasites, and elimination of malaria, such that the current patterns of mortality and other demographic indicators now resemble those of industrialized countries. more recently, the island has become the focus for another community-based health programme as the caribbea ... | 1988 | 15463009 |
| the role of hemagglutinins in the midgut extracts of two lines of aedes aegypti in their susceptibility to dengue-2 virus. | hemagglutinin activity (ha) was studied in the midgut extracts from highly (h) and lowly susceptible strains of aedes aegypti mosquitoes to dengue-2 virus (den-2). ha in the midgut extracts from these two isofemale strains of mosquitoes was high in as compared to (h) mosquitoes. ha was found to be higher with chicken red blood cells (rbcs) than with rabbit and human rbcs of o group. larval midgut extracts showed higher activity than those from adult female mosquitoes. exposure of midgut extracts ... | 2004 | 15462286 |
| vaccine candidates derived from a novel infectious cdna clone of an american genotype dengue virus type 2. | a dengue virus type 2 (den-2 tonga/74) isolated from a 1974 epidemic was characterized by mild illness and belongs to the american genotype of den-2 viruses. to prepare a vaccine candidate, a previously described 30 nucleotide deletion (delta30) in the 3' untranslated region of den-4 has been engineered into the den-2 isolate. | 2004 | 15461822 |
| characterization of an endogenous gene expressed in aedes aegypti using an orally infectious recombinant sindbis virus. | sindbis virus expression vectors have been used successfully to express and silence genes of interest in vivo in several mosquito species, including aedes aegypti, ae. albopictus, ae. triseriatus,culex pipiens, armigeres subalbatus and anopheles gambiae. here we describe the expression of an endogenous gene, defensin, in ae. aegypti using the orally infectious sindbis virus, mre/3'2j expression vector. we optimized conditions to infect mosquito larvae per os using c6/36ae. albopictus cells infec ... | 2001 | 15455070 |
| individual and population variation in invertebrates revealed by inter-simple sequence repeats (issrs). | pcr-based molecular markers are well suited for questions requiring large scale surveys of plant and animal populations. inter-simple sequence repeats or issrs are analyzed by a recently developed technique based on the amplification of the regions between inverse-oriented microsatellite loci with oligonucleotides anchored in microsatellites themselves. issrs have shown much promise for the study of the population biology of plants, but have not yet been explored for similar studies of animals. ... | 2001 | 15455068 |
| distribution of ovary ecdysteroidogenic hormone i in the nervous system and gut of mosquitoes. | ovary ecdysteroidogenic hormone i (oeh i) is a gonadotropin in the female mosquito, aedes aegypti. whole-mount immunocytochemistry using oeh i antisera revealed an extensive distribution of immunostained cells in larvae and adults of this mosquito comparable to that observed in the african malaria mosquito, anopheles gambiae. medial neurosecretory cells were stained in brains of larvae and adult ae. aegypti. in an gambiae the lateral neurosecretory cells were stained more often. in both species, ... | 2001 | 15455063 |
| a single gene (yes) controls pigmentation of eyes and scales in heliothis virescens. | a yellow-eyed mutant was discovered in a strain of heliothis virescens, the tobacco budworm, that already exhibited a mutation for yellow scale, y. we investigated the inheritance of these visible mutations as candidate markers for transgenesis. yellow eye was controlled by a single, recessive, autosomal factor, the same type of inheritance previously known for y. presence of the recombinant mutants with yellow scales and wild type eyes in test crosses indicated independent segregation of genes ... | 2001 | 15455061 |
| structure-based analysis of the ultraspiracle protein and docking studies of putative ligands. | the ultraspiracle protein (usp) is the insect ortholog of the mammalian retinoid x receptor (rxr). fundamental questions concern the functional role of usp as the heterodimerization partner of insect nuclear receptors such as the ecdysone receptor. the crystallographic structures of the ligand binding domain of usps of heliothis virescens and drosophila melanogaster solved recently show that helix 12 is locked in an antagonist conformation raising the question whether usps could adopt an agonist ... | 2002 | 15455059 |
| decreased survival of mosquito cells after stable transfection with a drosophila ecdysteroid response element: possible involvement of a 40 kda dna binding protein. | homologous transfection systems provide a useful tool for characterizing promoters and other regulatory elements from cloned genes. we have used cultured aedes albopictus c7-10 mosquito cells to evaluate expression of 20-hydroxyecdysone-inducible genes. although this cell line has previously been shown to synthesize components of the ecdysteroid receptor and ecdysone-inducible proteins, the well-characterized ecdysteroid response element (ecre) from the drosophilahsp27 promoter failed to confer ... | 2002 | 15455055 |
| abstracts of the fourth international symposium on molecular insect science. may 28-june 2, 2002. tucson, arizona, usa. | 2002 | 15455051 | |
| triacylglycerol-rich lipophorins are found in the dipteran infraorder culicomorpha, not just in mosquitoes. | lipophorin is the major hemolymph protein responsible for lipid transport between tissues of insects. lipophorins from several insect species in order diptera (the fruit fly drosophila melanogaster from the suborder brachycera, the mosquito aedes aegypti; the phantom midges chaoborus maximus and minimus; the black fly simulium vittatum; the crane fly nephrotoma abbreviata, all from the suborder nematocera) were isolated and characterized. all lipophorins consisted of two protein subunits of appr ... | 2002 | 15455049 |
| aedes aegypti ferritin heavy chain homologue: feeding of iron or blood influences message levels, lengths and subunit abundance. | secreted ferritin in the mosquito, aedes aegypti, has several subunits that are the products of at least two genes, one encoding a homologue of the vertebrate heavy chain (hch) and the other the light chain homologue (lch). here we report the developmental and organ specific pattern of expression of the ferritin hch messages and of both subunit types in control sugar-fed mosquitoes, in those exposed to high levels of dietary iron, and after blood feeding. when northern blots were probed with a h ... | 2002 | 15455041 |
| effects of juvenile hormone and ecdysone on the timing of vitellogenin appearance in hemolymph of queen and worker pupae of apis mellifera. | the caste-specific regulation of vitellogenin synthesis in the honeybee represents a problem with many yet unresolved details. we carried out experiments to determine when levels of vitellogenin are first detected in hemolymph of female castes of apis mellifera, and whether juvenile hormone and ecdysteroids modulate this process. vitellogenin levels were measured in hemolymph using immunological techniques. we show that in both castes the appearance of vitellogenin in the hemolymph occurs during ... | 2002 | 15455035 |
| arrest of development of plasmodium gallinaceum in mosquitoes (aedes aegypti) by radiation effect of p32 1,2. | 1950 | 15424666 | |
| [control of aedes aegypti in chile]. | 1950 | 15411454 | |
| aedes aegypti and other mosquito control measures in port sudan. | 1949 | 15408260 | |
| rearing of anopheles quadrimaculatus say and aedes aegypti (l.) in the laboratory. | 1949 | 15406584 | |
| methods to find out the expression of activated genes. | this review deals with the methods of identifying genes that have been activated by inner or outer impulses. the activation and subsequent expression of a gene can be detected by its transcription into a corresponding messenger ribonucleic acid (mrna). principles of the methods for identification of individual activated genes, as well as groups of activated genes are described, the former methods being mostly based on subtractive hybridization and serial analysis of gene expression (sage), the l ... | 2004 | 15385048 |
| densonucleosis virus purification by ion exchange membranes. | preparative chromatography is widely used in the downstream purification of biopharmaceutical products. replacement of resins by membranes as chromatographic supports, overcomes many of the limitations associated with resin-based chromatography such as high-pressure drops, slow processing rates due to pore diffusion and channeling of the feed through the bed. in particular, adsorptive membranes may be ideally suited for virus capture. virus capture is critical in a number of applications. in gen ... | 2004 | 15384051 |
| some basic biological characteristics of the vector, aedes aegypti, responsible for dengue virus transmission. | 2004 | 15379084 | |
| the aeact-4 gene is expressed in the developing flight muscles of female aedes aegypti. | population reduction of mosquitoes is an effective method for controlling dengue fever and malaria transmission. recent developments in control techniques include proposals to construct transgenic strains of mosquitoes carrying dominant, conditional-lethal genes under the control of sex- and stage-specific promoters. in order to identify such promoters, subtractive cdna libraries derived from male and female pupal mrna of the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti, were constructed and screened. a ... | 2004 | 15373813 |
| expression of a sterol carrier protein-x gene in the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti. | the sterol carrier protein-x (scp-x), a peroxisomal thiolase/nonspecific lipid binding protein, was characterized in the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti. the aedes aegypti scp-x (aescp-x) has 83% and 75% similarities to drosophila and mammalian scp-x, respectively. however, the aescp-x gene did not produce multiple transcripts, which is characteristic of the vertebrate scp-x gene. levels of aescp-x transcription were higher in larvae and pupae. gut tissue showed the highest level of aescp-x ... | 2004 | 15373808 |
| a potentially functional mariner transposable element in the protist trichomonas vaginalis. | mariner transposable elements encoding a d,d34d motif-bearing transposase are characterized by their pervasiveness among, and exclusivity to, animal phyla. to date, several hundred sequences have been obtained from taxa ranging from cnidarians to humans, only two of which are known to be functional. related transposons have been identified in plants and fungi, but their absence among protists is noticeable. here, we identify and characterize tvmar1, the first representative of the mariner family ... | 2005 | 15371525 |
| the anterior stomach of larval mosquitoes (aedes aegypti): effects of neuropeptides on transepithelial ion transport and muscular motility. | the present investigation studied the influence of a number of neuropeptides on semi-open preparations of the isolated and perfused anterior stomach of larval aedes aegypti. effects of peptides were observed on the lumen negative transepithelial voltage (vte) that is present with serotonin in the bath; this voltage most likely reflects active hco3- secretion involved in alkalization of the larval anterior stomach. the five different a. aegypti allatostatins (allatostatin a 1-5) all affected vte ... | 2004 | 15371480 |
| the logistic model for predicting the non-gonoactive aedes aegypti females. | to estimate, using logistic regression, the likelihood of occurrence of a non-gonoactive aedes aegypti female, previously fed human blood, with relation to body size and collection method. | 2004 | 15368866 |
| stereodivergent construction of cyclic ethers by a regioselective and enantiospecific rhodium-catalyzed allylic etherification: total synthesis of gaur acid. | 0 | 15366088 | |
| [evaluation of the impact on aedes aegypti infestation in cement tanks of the municipal district of canindé, ceará, brazil after using the betta splendens fish as an alternative biological control]. | canindé has a population of 71,235 inhabitants. in april 2001, the city started using larvivorous fish in cement water tanks, as a means of biological control of aedes aegypti larvae. during house-to-house visits by health agents, instead of treating the water tank with larvicide, a betta splendens fish was introduced into each tank. the number of houses and the number of tanks was estimated by monthly surveys. then, the number of tanks per house was determined. taking into account this estimate ... | 2004 | 15361957 |
| [larvicidal activity of tannins isolated of magonia pubescens st. hil. (sapindaceae) against aedes aegypti (diptera, culicidae)]. | phytochemical study of the larvicidal fractions which were carried out for the first time, isolated of the magonia pubescens, monitored by the study of efficacy against the 3rd larval instar of aedes aegypti, in the search of alternatives for the control of that mosquito and to obtain structures susceptible to chemical improving of the activity for the synthetic via of other derived. the fractions with biological activity were monitored chemically through chromatography of thin layer, using as r ... | 2006 | 15361956 |
| [evaluation of an educational module on dengue and aedes aegypti for schoolchildren in honduras]. | to evaluate the effectiveness of a special course on environmental health and dengue, given to primary school students and intended to promote behavioral changes in the mothers of those students that would lead to the safe handling of water, adequate disposal of trash, and control of household breeding sites of aedes aegypti, the mosquito vector for dengue. | 2004 | 15357933 |
| experimental evaluation of the relationship between lethal or non-lethal virulence and transmission success in malaria parasite infections. | evolutionary theory suggests that the selection pressure on parasites to maximize their transmission determines their optimal host exploitation strategies and thus their virulence. establishing the adaptive basis to parasite life history traits has important consequences for predicting parasite responses to public health interventions. in this study we examine the extent to which malaria parasites conform to the predicted adaptive trade-off between transmission and virulence, as defined by morta ... | 2004 | 15355551 |
| laboratory and field evaluation of teknar hp-d, a biolarvicidal formulation of bacillus thuringiensis ssp. israelensis, against mosquito vectors. | larvicidal efficacy of teknar hp-d, an improved biolarvicidal formulation of bacillus thuringiensis ssp. israelensis (bti), against anopheles stephensi, culex quinquefasciatus and aedes aegypti was determined in the laboratory, and in field the efficacy of the formulation was tested against cx. quinquefasciatus breeding in cesspits, unused wells and drains. the toxicity of the formulation to gambusia affinis (larvivorous fish), notonecta sp. and diplonychus indicus (water bugs) was also evaluate ... | 2004 | 15350862 |
| utilization of pre-existing energy stores of female aedes aegypti mosquitoes during the first gonotrophic cycle. | pre-existing energy reserves may play an important role in regulating the utilization of blood meal proteins in female anautogenous mosquitoes. determining the fate of reserves derived from the sugar meal and larval food during the first gonotrophic cycle would help to elucidate the relative contributions of larval and adult nutrition to survival and reproduction. we measured the allocation of pre-blood-meal reserves to egg production or energy production during the first gonotrophic cycle by us ... | 2004 | 15350611 |
| critical review of the vector status of aedes albopictus. | the mosquito aedes (stegomyia) albopictus (skuse) (diptera: culicidae), originally indigenous to south-east asia, islands of the western pacific and indian ocean, has spread during recent decades to africa, the mid-east, europe and the americas (north and south) after extending its range eastwards across pacific islands during the early 20th century. the majority of introductions are apparently due to transportation of dormant eggs in tyres. among public health authorities in the newly infested ... | 2004 | 15347388 |
| function-informed transcriptome analysis of drosophila renal tubule. | comprehensive, tissue-specific, microarray analysis is a potent tool for the identification of tightly defined expression patterns that might be missed in whole-organism scans. we applied such an analysis to drosophila melanogaster malpighian (renal) tubule, a defined differentiated tissue. | 2004 | 15345053 |
| intriguing olfactory proteins from the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti. | four antennae-specific proteins (aaegobp1, aaegobp2, aaegobp3, and aaegasp1) were isolated from the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti and their full-length cdnas were cloned. rt-pcr indicated that they are expressed in female and, to a lesser extent, in male antennae, but not in control tissues (legs). aaegobp1 and aaegobp3 showed significant similarity to previously identified mosquito odorant-binding proteins (obps) in cysteine spacing pattern and sequence. two of the isolated proteins have ... | 2004 | 15338030 |
| a single amino acid substitution in the envelope protein of chimeric yellow fever-dengue 1 vaccine virus reduces neurovirulence for suckling mice and viremia/viscerotropism for monkeys. | a chimeric yellow fever-dengue 1 (chimerivax-den1) virus was produced by the transfection of vero cells with chimeric in vitro rna transcripts. the cell culture supernatant was subjected to plaque purification for the identification of a vaccine candidate without mutations. of 10 plaque-purified clones, 1 containing no mutation (clone j) was selected for production of the vaccine virus. during subsequent cell culture passaging of this clone for vaccine production, a single amino acid substitutio ... | 2004 | 15331733 |
| genetic relationships and evolution of genotypes of yellow fever virus and other members of the yellow fever virus group within the flavivirus genus based on the 3' noncoding region. | genetic relationships among flaviviruses within the yellow fever (yf) virus genetic group were investigated by comparing nucleotide sequences of the 3' noncoding region (3'ncr). size heterogeneity was observed between members and even among strains of the same viral species. size variation between yf strains was due to duplications and/or deletions of repeated nucleotide sequence elements (ryf). west african genotypes had three copies of the ryf (ryf1, ryf2, and ryf3); the angola and the east an ... | 2004 | 15331698 |
| mosquito larvicidal properties of essential oil of an indigenous plant, ipomoea cairica linn. | laboratory bioassay of the essential oil extracted from an indigenous plant, ipomoea cairica, commonly known as 'railway creeper', was carried out against the larvae of four vector species of mosquitoes in order to evaluate its mosquito larvicidal effect. bioassay test revealed that the essential oil of the plant possess remarkable larvicidal properties as it could induce 100% mortality in the larvae of culex tritaeniorhynchus (100 ppm), aedes aegypti (120 ppm), anopheles stephensi (120 ppm), an ... | 2004 | 15329451 |
| a conserved domain of alkaline phosphatase expression in the malpighian tubules of dipteran insects. | malpighian (renal) tubules are key components of the insect osmoregulatory system and show correspondingly great diversity in both number and length. recently, the organisation of the drosophila melanogaster tubule has been elucidated by enhancer trapping, and an array for functional properties has been shown to align with the functional domains. in drosophila, there is a lower tubule domain, which coincides with expression of alkaline phosphatase and delineates the absorptive region of the tubu ... | 2004 | 15326206 |
| seasonal pattern of abundance of aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) in buenos aires city, argentina. | in buenos aires, the most crowded city of argentina, there is a potential risk of dengue virus transmission by the mosquito aedes aegypti during late summer. the temporal patterns of oviposition activity and abundance of breeding sites of this vector were studied in two cemeteries of the city. between september 1998 and august 1999, we examined 142 ovitraps weekly and a total of 18,010 water-filled containers. both study areas showed remarkable differences in the percentages of positive ovitraps ... | 2004 | 15322622 |
| mutations in the bacillus thuringiensis cry1ca toxin demonstrate the role of domains ii and iii in specificity towards spodoptera exigua larvae. | several mutants of the bacillus thuringiensis cry1ca toxin affected with regard to specific activity towards spodoptera exigua were studied. alanine was used to replace single residues in loops 2 and 3 of domain ii (mutant ppb19) and to replace residues 541-544 in domain iii (mutant ppb20). additionally, a cry1ca mutant combining all mutations was constructed (mutant ppb21). toxicity assays showed a marked decrease in toxicity against s. exigua for all mutants, while they retained their activity ... | 2004 | 15320864 |
| dinotefuran: a potential neonicotinoid insecticide against resistant mosquitoes. | because pyrethroid, organophosphate, and carbamate resistance is more and more developed in mosquitoes of medical importance, there is an urgent need for alternative insecticides for vector control. dinotefuran, a new neonicotinoid insecticide commercialized by mitsui chemicals (tokyo, japan), could be a useful candidate in public health because it shows low mammalian toxicity and great insecticidal activity against a broad range of pests. in this study, the intrinsic toxicity of dinotefuran was ... | 2004 | 15311465 |
| evaluation of the colchicine-like activity of gloriosa superba-extracted fractions for mosquito (diptera: culicidae) cytogenetic study. | four fractions of gloriosa superba l., i.e., hexane fraction, dichloromethane fraction 1, dichloromethane fraction 2, and methanol fraction, were investigated for colchicine-like activity using a mosquito cytogenetic assay. the results revealed that the latter three fractions yielded promisingly high colchicine-like activity, whereas the hexane fraction yielded very low activity compared with 1% colchicine in a 0.85% sodium chloride solution. the metaphase rates and average number of metaphase c ... | 2004 | 15311459 |
| comparisons of amplified fragment length polymorphism (aflp), microsatellite, and isoenzyme markers: population genetics of aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) from phnom penh (cambodia). | aedes aegypti is the main vector of dengue viruses responsible for dengue hemorrhagic fever, which has become a major public health concern in tropical countries. because vaccines are still under development, dengue prevention depends entirely on vector control. knowledge of gene dispersal patterns is required to develop efficient vector control strategies. here we report the use of amplified fragment length polymorphism (aflp) to infer the genetic structure of ae. aegypti populations at a local ... | 2004 | 15311458 |
| adult size and distribution of aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) associated with larval habitats in iquitos, peru. | adult mosquito size may be related to longevity, feeding frequency, and other factors that impact vectorial capacity. various investigations have shown that characteristics of larval mosquito habitats influence adult size. we studied breeding container characteristics in relation to size and abundance of aedes aegypti larvae and pupae in iquitos, peru, and compared these with the size of resulting adult females. during 22 may to 20 july 2000, immature mosquitoes were collected from 12,722 contai ... | 2004 | 15311454 |
| direct and indirect immunosuppression by a malaria parasite in its mosquito vector. | malaria parasites develop as oocysts within the haemocoel of their mosquito vector during a period that is longer than the average lifespan of many of their vectors. how can they escape from the mosquito's immune responses during their long development? whereas older oocysts might camouflage themselves by incorporating mosquito-derived proteins into their surface capsule, younger stages are susceptible to the mosquito's immune response and must rely on other methods of immune evasion. we show th ... | 2004 | 15306308 |
| attenuation of dengue virus infection by adeno-associated virus-mediated sirna delivery. | background: the need for safe and effective treatment of dengue virus (den), a class a agent that causes dengue hemorrhagic fever/dengue shock syndrome, has been a critical global priority. an effective vaccine for den is not yet available. in this study the possibility of attenuating den infection using adeno-associated virus (aav)-encoded short interfering rnas (sirna) was examined in vero cells and human dendritic cells (dcs). methods: a cassette encoding sirna targeted to a 3' untranslated s ... | 2004 | 15301687 |
| cloning and characterization of a mosquito larvicidal toxin produced during vegetative stage of bacillus sphaericus 2297. | the mosquitocidal toxin 1 (mtx1) gene from genomic dna of b. sphaericus strain 2297 was cloned and expressed in e. coli. dna sequencing analysis of the cloned gene revealed a single open reading frame encoding an 870-amino acid polypeptide. expression level of the full-length gene in e. coli was very low even though strong promoter was used or the gene was expressed as a fusion protein. expression level was highly improved after the putative leader sequence was deleted, and the truncated gene wa ... | 2004 | 15297911 |
| a simulation model of african anopheles ecology and population dynamics for the analysis of malaria transmission. | malaria is one of the oldest and deadliest infectious diseases in humans. many mathematical models of malaria have been developed during the past century, and applied to potential interventions. however, malaria remains uncontrolled and is increasing in many areas, as are vector and parasite resistance to insecticides and drugs. | 2004 | 15285781 |
| modulation of dengue virus infection of dendritic cells by aedes aegypti saliva. | dengue virus (dv) is a flavivirus carried by the aedes aegypti mosquito that causes a spectrum of illnesses in the tropics, including dengue fever, dengue hemorrhagic fever, and dengue shock syndrome. dendritic cells (dcs) are professional antigen presenting cells recently shown to be permissive for dv, and implicated as the primary targets of initial dv infection. dv is transmitted to human host by infected mosquitoes during a blood meal, but it is currently unknown whether transmission is modi ... | 2004 | 15279703 |
| venezuelan equine encephalitis emergence: enhanced vector infection from a single amino acid substitution in the envelope glycoprotein. | in 1993 and 1996, subtype ie venezuelan equine encephalitis (vee) virus caused epizootics in the mexican states of chiapas and oaxaca. previously, only subtype iab and ic vee virus strains had been associated with major outbreaks of equine and human disease. the iab and ic epizootics are believed to emerge via adaptation of enzootic (sylvatic, equine-avirulent) strains for high titer equine viremia that results in efficient infection of mosquito vectors. however, experimental equine infections w ... | 2004 | 15277679 |
| fish digital imaging microscopy in mosquito genomics. | the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti, transmits pathogens that affect both humans and livestock, and has been the focus of extensive research to identify genetic loci that may be useful in control strategies. fluorescence in situ hybridization (fish) and digital imaging microscopy have provided a rapid mechanism to populate the physical map with probes derived from genetic markers, cdnas and recombinant genomic libraries. when the physical and genetic linkage maps are aligned, map-based clon ... | 1996 | 15275237 |
| effect of ten chlorophytes on larval survival, development and adult body size of the mosquito aedes aegypti. | the effect of ten microalgal chlorophytes isolated from mosquito breeding containers on the survival, larval development and adult body size of the mosquito aedes aegypti was investigated. all larvae fed with six of the microalgal isolates died after 7 days. these isolates were found to be resistant to digestion by mosquito larvae. delayed pupation and body size reduction of the mosquitos fed with chlorococcum umacc 218 and scenedesmus umacc 220 were observed. in contrast, larvae fed with ankist ... | 2004 | 15272748 |
| the cost of immunity in the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti depends on immune activation. | although host immunity offers the obvious benefit of reducing parasite infection, it is often traded-off with other fitness components. we investigated whether the cost of an immune response in the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti, is modulated by the antigen that activates the melanization immune response. thus, one of three different novel antigens were injected into the mosquito's thorax--either a glass bead, a negatively charged (c-25) sephadex bead, or a neutral (g-25) sephadex bead--an ... | 2004 | 15271083 |
| ovicidal and larvicidal activity against aedes aegypti and anopheles gambiae complex mosquitoes of essential oils extracted from three spontaneous plants of burkina faso. | essential oils extracted from dried leaves of three spontaneous plants naturally growing in burkina faso, i.e. cymbopogon proximus, lippia multiflora and ocimum canum, exhibited larvicidal activity by the who standard protocol against 3rd and 4th instar f1-larvae of field-collected mosquitoes vectors of human disease, namely aedes aegypti and members of the anopheles gambiae complex, an. arabiensis and an. gambiae. the median lethal concentration (lc50) for ae. aegypti and an. gambiae s.l. larva ... | 2003 | 15270540 |
| enhanced esterase activity in salivary gland and midgut of aedes aegypti mosquito infected with dengue-2 virus. | mosquitoes were infected by intrathoracic inoculation. about 95% head squashes were positive for dengue virus antigen on the 15th post infection day (pid). esterase activity was determined in the homogenates prepared from the salivary glands and midguts on different pids of dengue virus inoculated and control mosquitoes showed that it was consistently higher in the virus-infected batches. | 2003 | 15267144 |
| oviposition by aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) in relation to conspecific larvae infected with internal symbiotes. | female mosquitoes use abiotic and biotic factors, such as the presence of heavy metals or parasites, to determine the acceptability of oviposition sites. some biotic factors can originate from mosquito larvae. when mosquito larvae are starved or infected with trematode metacercaria, they render associated water unacceptable to ovipositioning females. internal symbiotes are common in wild mosquito populations, and i tested whether or not larvae of aedes aegypti infected with a gregarine (ascogreg ... | 2004 | 15266753 |
| the invasion of urban forest by dengue vectors in rio de janeiro. | the invasion of a secondary forest within the city of rio de janeiro by aedes aegypti and ae. albopictus was evaluated from july 1997 to june 1998 through collections of immature stages in ovitraps set at 1 m, 10 m, 100 m, 500 m, and 1,000 m into the forest from houses on the periphery. both mosquito species were much more abundant close to houses (1-10 m). aedes aegypti was not collected beyond 100 m, while ae. albopictus was the most abundant species overall and in ovitraps at all distances fr ... | 2004 | 15266746 |
| antagonistic effects of energy status on meal size and egg-batch size of aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae). | the effect of sugar feeding on egg-batch size in aedes aegypti was examined in a way that would distinguish between the roles of a recent sugar meal (full vs. empty crop) and of repeated sugar feeding and digestion (high vs. low energy reserves). egg numbers of females representing the four combinations of these characteristics (full crop/high reserves, full crop/low reserves, empty crop/high reserves, empty crop/low reserves) were counted during their first gonotrophic cycle. in addition, the s ... | 2004 | 15266745 |
| food as a limiting factor for aedes aegypti in water-storage containers. | an understanding of the ecological factors that regulate natural populations of aedes aegypti mosquitoes can improve control and reduce the incidence of dengue (df) and dengue hemorrhagic fever (dhf) in tropical areas. we investigated whether immature ae. aegypti in water-storage containers from an urban area were under food limitation. we used starvation resistance (number of days alive without food) as an indicator of the feeding history in third-instar ae. aegypti larvae. resistance to starva ... | 2004 | 15266737 |
| efficacy and longevity of a new formulation of temephos larvicide tested in village-scale trials against larval aedes aegypti in water-storage containers. | field trials on the initial and long-term efficacy of a new formulation of temephos granules (1% on zeolite) applied at 1 ppm active ingredient (ai) were conducted in water-storage containers against aedes aegypti in 3 villages in the kanchanaburi province in thailand. a total of 316 water-storage containers of various types and sizes were included in the study. in the initial survey, we found that some containers were positive for larval ae. aegypti, whereas others were devoid of larvae before ... | 2004 | 15264628 |
| evaluation of an in vitro bloodfeeding system for testing mosquito repellents. | median effective doses and 95% effective doses of 9 commercial mosquito repellents were determined for the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti, in an in vitro bloodfeeding test system and on the human forearm. results obtained in the 2 test systems did not differ significantly but, because of the inherent variability of repellent test data, did not always agree closely. potential modifications of in vitro bloodfeeding test systems for increased accuracy, precision, and reliability are discussed ... | 2004 | 15264624 |
| repellency of aromatic medicinal plant extracts and a steam distillate to aedes aegypti. | the repellent activity of methanol extracts from 23 aromatic medicinal plant species and a steam distillate against female blood-starved aedes aegypti was examined in the laboratory by skin test and compared with that of n,n-diethyl-m-toluamide (deet). responses varied according to plant species. at a dose of 0.1 mg/cm2, the repellency of extracts of cinnamomum cassia bark (91%), nardostachys chinensis rhizome (81%), paeonia suffruticosa root bark (80%), and cinnamomum camphora steam distillate ... | 2004 | 15264623 |
| tents pre-treated with insecticide for malaria control in refugee camps: an entomological evaluation. | a refugee shelter that is treated with insecticide during manufacture would be useful for malaria control at the acute stage of an emergency, when logistic problems, poor co-ordination and insecurity limit the options for malaria control. | 2004 | 15253773 |
| high-level gene expression in aedes albopictus cells using a baculovirus hr3 enhancer and ie1 transactivator. | aedes aegypti is the key vector of both the yellow fever and dengue fever viruses throughout many parts of the world. low and variable transgene expression levels due to position effect and position effect variegation are problematic to efforts to create transgenic laboratory strains refractory to these viruses. transformation efficiencies are also less than optimal, likely due to failure to detect expression from all integrated transgenes and potentially due to limited expression of the transpo ... | 2004 | 15251037 |
| aedes aegypti resistance to temephos during 2001 in several municipalities in the states of rio de janeiro, sergipe, and alagoas, brazil. | for more than 30 years temephos, an organophosphate insecticide, has been the sole larvicide used in brazil in the control of aedes aegypti. organophosphates were also used for adult control, being replaced by pyrethroids since 1999. in this same year the brazilian health foundation started the coordination of the ae. aegypti insecticide resistance monitoring program. in the context of this program, our group was responsible for the detection of temephos resistance in a total of 12 municipalitie ... | 2004 | 15250476 |
| piptigrine, a new insecticidal amide from piper nigrum linn. | a new insecticidal amide piptigrine (1) possessing highly extended conjugation was isolated from the dried ground seeds of piper nigrum linn. along with the known amides piperine and wisanine (hitherto unreported from this plant). the structure of 1 has been elucidated as 1-[9-(3',4'-methylenedioxyphenyl)-4e,6e,8e-nonatrienoyl]piperidine through extensive 1d- and 2d-nmr (cosy-45, noesy, j-resolved, hmqc, hmbc and noesy studies. the known compounds have been identified through comparison of their ... | 2004 | 15248617 |
| [social representations of the relationships between plant vases and the dengue vector]. | to investigate how houseplant 'caretakers' represent the relationship between plant vases and breeding sites for the dengue vector, in order to reformulate educational policies. | 2004 | 15243671 |