Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| salmonella enterica infection. | 1996 | 9127891 | |
| rapid detection of salmonella enterica with primers specific for irob. | the irob gene of salmonella enterica is absent from the chromosome of the related organism escherichia coli. we determined the distribution of this gene among 150 bacterial isolates, representing 51 serotypes of different salmonella species and subspecies and 8 other bacterial species which are frequent contaminants during routine enrichment procedures by southern hybridization. an irob-specific dna probe detected homologous sequences in all strains of s. enterica, including serotypes of s. ente ... | 1997 | 9114411 |
| the specificity of sty ski, a type i restriction enzyme, implies a structure with rotational symmetry. | the type i restriction and modification (r-m) enzyme from salmonella enterica serovar kaduna ( sty ski) recognises the dna sequence 5'-cgat(n)7gtta, an unusual target for a type i r-m system in that it comprises two tetranucleotide components. the amino target recognition domain (trd) of sty ski recognises 5'-cgat and shows 36% amino acid identity with the carboxy trd of eco r124i which recognises the complementary, but degenerate, sequence 5'-rtcg. current models predict that the amino and carb ... | 1997 | 9108149 |
| the evaluation of a fluorogenic polymerase chain reaction assay for the detection of salmonella species in food commodities. | the taqman ls-50b pcr detection system facilitates the automated and direct detection of polymerase chain reaction (pcr) products. the system employs the 5' nuclease activity of taq dna polymerase to hydrolyse a salmonella specific internal fluorogenic probe for monitoring the amplification of a 287-bp region of the salmonella inva gene. using the fluorogenic 5' nuclease assay, 164 salmonella strains representing all the subspecies of salmonella enterica were detected while over 50 non-salmonell ... | 1997 | 9105933 |
| on-farm monitoring of mouse-invasive salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis and a model for its association with the production of contaminated eggs. | mice (mus musculus) captured in henhouses were assessed for the presence of salmonellae in spleens. of 621 and 526 spleens cultured during the first and second years of collection, 25.0 and 17.9%, respectively, were positive for salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis. contaminated eggs were cultured from nine houses during the first year of sampling, and for eight of these houses, serovar enteritidis was recovered from the spleens of mice. rank sum statistical analysis of positive mouse spleens ... | 1997 | 9097453 |
| amelioration of bacterial genomes: rates of change and exchange. | although bacterial species display wide variation in their overall gc contents, the genes within a particular species' genome are relatively similar in base composition. as a result, sequences that are novel to a bacterial genome-i.e., dna introduced through recent horizontal transfer-often bear unusual sequence characteristics and can be distinguished from ancestral dna. at the time of introgression, horizontally transferred genes reflect the base composition of the donor genome; but, over time ... | 1997 | 9089078 |
| occurrence of salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis phage types in the slovak republic. | phage typing of 741 isolates of salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis from the slovak republic in 1995 has been carried out using the scheme of ward and colleagues (1987). 202 strains (51 isolated from food) were from 9 outbreaks, 536 isolates were from sporadic cases and 3 isolates were from nosocomial infections of new-born babies. 704 isolates (95%) from all sources were typeable and belonged to 7 different phage types (pts). pt8 was the phage type most frequently identified (72.6%). other ... | 1997 | 9085013 |
| identification of additional genes required for o-antigen biosynthesis in vibrio cholerae o1. | the cloning and expression of the genes encoding the vibrio cholerae o1 lipopolysaccharide o antigen in a heterologous host have been described previously (p. a. manning, m. w. heuzenroeder, j. yeadon, d. i. leavesley, p. r. reeves, and d. rowley, infect. immun. 53:272-277, 1986). it was thus assumed that all the genes required for o-antigen expression were located on a 20-kb saci restriction fragment. we present evidence for a number of other as yet undescribed genes that are essential for o-an ... | 1997 | 9079898 |
| comparative genetics of the inv-spa invasion gene complex of salmonella enterica. | the chromosomal region containing the salmonella enterica pathogenic island inv-spa was present in the last common ancestor of all the contemporary lineages of salmonellae. for multiple strains of s. enterica, representing all eight subspecies, nucleotide sequences were obtained for five genes of the inv-spa invasion complex, invh, inve, inva, spam, and span, al of which encode proteins that are required for entry of the bacteria into cultured epithelial cells. the inve, inva, spam, and span gen ... | 1997 | 9068645 |
| molecular cloning, sequence analysis and functional characterization of the gene kdsa, encoding 3-deoxy-d-manno-2-octulosonate-8-phosphate synthase of chlamydia psittaci 6bc. | the kdsa gene encoding 3-deoxy-d-manno-2-octulosonate-8-phosphate (kdo-8-p) synthase of chlamydia psittaci 6bc was cloned by complementing the temperature-sensitive kdsa mutant salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium ag701i50. the sequence analysis of a recombinant dna fragment revealed an open reading frame of 807 nucleotides which codes for a polypeptide of 269 amino acids with a high degree of similarity to known kdsa proteins. in addition, alignments of kdo-8-p synthases with bacterial and f ... | 1997 | 9063447 |
| relatedness and phylogeny within the family of periplasmic chaperones involved in the assembly of pili or capsule-like structures of gram-negative bacteria. | the structure of a salmonella enterica serovar typhi gene located within the fim gene cluster and encoding a putative periplasmic chaperone-like protein involved in the assembly of type 1 pili was determined. this gene, named fimc, has the ability to encode a 26-kda polypeptide which is similar, at the sequence level, to the papd periplasmic chaperonin mediating the assembly of p pili of escherichia coli, as well as to other periplasmic chaperone-like proteins involved in the biogenesis of pili ... | 1997 | 9060396 |
| safety and efficacy of an avirulent live salmonella choleraesuis vaccine for protection of calves against s dublin infection. | to evaluate the safety and efficacy of avirulent live salmonella choleraesuis strain 54 (sc54) as a vaccine to protect calves against salmonellosis caused by s dublin. | 1997 | 9055972 |
| identification of bacterial cells by chromosomal painting. | chromosomal painting is a technique for the microscopic localization of genetic material. it has been applied at the subcellular level to identify regions of eukaryotic chromosomes. here we describe the development of bacterial chromosomal painting (bcp), a related technology for the identification of bacterial cells. purified genomic dnas from six bacterial strains were labeled by nick translation with the fluorochrome fluor-x, cy3, or cy5. the average size of the labeled fragments was ca. 50 t ... | 1997 | 9055426 |
| recent horizontal transmission of plasmids between natural populations of escherichia coli and salmonella enterica. | seventy-one natural isolates obtained from a salmonella reference collection were examined for the presence of plasmids closely related to the escherichia coli f plasmid. the collection consists of several serovars of the s. enterica typhimurium complex, subspecies i, to which 99% of pathogenic salmonellae belong. molecular genetic techniques of dna hybridization, along with pcr and dna sequencing, were used to examine the occurrence, distribution, and genetic diversity of f-like plasmids among ... | 1997 | 9045822 |
| pseudomonas aeruginosa b-band o-antigen chain length is modulated by wzz (ro1). | the wbp gene cluster, encoding the b-band lipopolysaccharide o antigen of pseudomonas aeruginosa serotype o5 strain pao1, was previously shown to contain a wzy (rfc) gene encoding the o-antigen polymerase. this study describes the molecular characterization of the corresponding wzz (rol) gene, responsible for modulating o-antigen chain length. p. aeruginosa o5 wzz has 19 to 20% amino acid identity with wzz of escherichia coli, salmonella enterica, and shigella flexneri. knockout mutations of the ... | 1997 | 9045803 |
| salmonella spondylitis. | we report a case of salmonella spondylitis in an adolescent without sickle cell disease or any history of salmonella gastroenteritis. the infecting organism (cultured from material aspirated from the bone lesion) was salmonella enterica serovar newport. with nonoperative treatment, evolution was favorable. | 1997 | 9039673 |
| predominant appearance of nk1.1+ t cells producing il-4 may be involved in the increased susceptibility of mice with the beige mutation during salmonella infection. | c57bl/6 mice with the beige mutation (beige mice) showed a high susceptibility to infection with salmonella choleraesuis compared with c57bl/6 (b6) control mice, as assessed by bacterial number in the peritoneal cavity and the liver. the appearance of nk1.1+ cd3- nk cells was significantly suppressed, while nk1.1+ t cells were increased in the peritoneal cavity of beige mice after salmonella infection. the expression level of il-4 mrna was much higher in freshly isolated nk1.1+ t cells of the in ... | 1997 | 9036974 |
| [antibiotic resistance in salmonella enterica: an increasing problem]. | to determine the evolution of the frequencies of salmonella enterica serotypes and their resistance to antimicrobial agents. | 1996 | 9035708 |
| induction of tnf-alpha mrna in murine macrophages by virulent and avirulent strains of salmonella choleraesuis serovar typhimurium and serovar choleraesuis. | tnf-alpha mrna induction in murine macrophages by virulent and avirulent salmonella strains was measured in vitro by rt-pcr method. virulence plasmid-cured strains of s. choleraesuis serovar typhimurium and serovar choleraesuis, and rpos-defective mutant of s. choleraesuis serovar typhimurium induced significantly higher level of tnf-alpha mrna than their parent (virulent) strains in macrophages of c3h/hen mice. when macrophages of lps-low responder (c3h/hej) mice were used, the difference of th ... | 1997 | 9032763 |
| identification and characterization of the dtdp-rhamnose biosynthesis and transfer genes of the lipopolysaccharide-related rfb locus in leptospira interrogans serovar copenhageni. | immunity to leptospirosis is principally humorally mediated and involves opsonization of leptospires for phagocytosis by macrophages and neutrophils. the only protective antigen identified to date is the leptospiral lipopolysaccharide (lps), which biochemically resembles typical gram-negative lps but has greatly reduced endotoxic activity. little is known about the structure of leptospiral lps. a 2.1-kb ecori fragment from the chromosome of serovar copenhageni was cloned in puc18 in escherichia ... | 1997 | 9023210 |
| detection of the induction of salmonella enterotoxin gene expression by contact with epithelial cells with rt-pcr. | all strains of salmonella enterica investigated were found to carry the salmonella enterotoxin gene (stn) as determined by pcr and hybridization studies. however, when using cho-k1 cells for testing the toxicity of the strains, not all strains showed a toxic effect (cell elongation) on the cells or did so only at a low level. the cultivation of salmonella in contact with epithelial cells (iec-6) led to an increase in the production of toxin. the stn gene expression was detectable with the help o ... | 1997 | 9011037 |
| role of sefa subunit protein of sef14 fimbriae in the pathogenesis of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis. | in this study, the role of the sefa subunit protein of sef14 fimbriae in the pathogenesis of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis was investigated. this was accomplished by mutating the sefa gene in the chromosome of two strains of s. enterica serovar enteritidis by allelic exchange with a copy that has been inactivated by interruption with a nonpolar kanamycin resistance (apha-3) cassette. the effect of this mutation on the ability of the s. enterica serovar enteritidis strains to colonize t ... | 1997 | 9009334 |
| some properties and protective activity of specific dle against salmonella cholerae suis infection. | from a rabbit lymphoid tissue, twice immunized with a salmonella ch. suis vaccine, was obtained a dialysable leucocyte extract (dle) (m. w. 10,000da; protein content 1.14 mg/ml; content of ribose 2.7 mg/ml; a260/a280 ratio 2.17 and ph 6.8). by gel filtration on sephadex g-25, six peaks were obtained and activity was found in peak iv. the activity of the extract was determined by a dermo-application test (dat) on 10 cows. the protective effect was tested by a challenge with salmonella ch. suis an ... | 1996 | 8993767 |
| correlation of conversion of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis phage type 1, 4, or 6 to phage type 7 with loss of lipopolysaccharide. | studies of pairs of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis isolates from different poultry flocks showed that phage type (pt) 7 may be derived from pt 1, 4, and 6. the conversion appeared to be associated with loss of lipopolysaccharide. it is concluded that pt 7 may be of little value as an epidemiological marker of s. enterica serovar enteritidis. | 1997 | 8968942 |
| survival and degradation of salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis in intestinal epithelial cells in vitro. | the survival and fate of salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis in henle-407 human intestinal epithelial cells was investigated during prolonged incubation to evaluate the persistence of causative microbes and the relationship to patients developing reactive arthritis. most of the bacteria were killed and degraded quite soon after infection of the cells, but there were still live bacteria inside the cells for up to 14 days. these results suggest that in patients developing reactive arthritis t ... | 1996 | 8958251 |
| genomic lineage of salmonella enterica serotype gallinarum. | forty-eight strains of salmonella enterica serotype gallinarum of biotypes gallinarum and pullorum were characterised by three chromosomally based typing methods. the patterns obtained were compared with those of strains of eight other serotypes of salmonella of o serogroup d. the same pvuii and psti is200 patterns were commonly observed among strains of both biotypes and the three smai ribotypes of serotype gallinarum strains differed in only one or two bands, supporting the view that members o ... | 1996 | 8958244 |
| a third family of allelic hsd genes in salmonella enterica: sequence comparisons with related proteins identify conserved regions implicated in restriction of dna. | salmonella enterica serovar blegdam has a restriction and modification system encoded by genes linked to serb. we have cloned these genes, putative alleles of the hsd locus of escherichia coli k-12, and confirmed by the sequence similarities of flanking dna that the hsd genes of s. enterica serovar blegdam have the same chromosomal location as those of e. coli k-12 and salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium lt2. there is, however, no obvious similarity in their nucleotide sequences, and while t ... | 1996 | 8939428 |
| expression, purification and characterization of recombinant phosphomannomutase and gdp-alpha-d-mannose pyrophosphorylase from salmonella enterica, group b, for the synthesis of gdp-alpha-d-mannose from d-mannose. | the genes rfbk and rfbm from the rfb cluster (o-antigen biosynthesis) of salmonella enterica, group b, encoding for the enzymes phosphomannomutase (ec 5.4.2.8) and gdp-alpha-d-mannose pyrophosphorylase (ec 2.7.7.13) were overexpressed in e.coli bl21 (de3) with specific activities of 0.1 u/mg and 0.3-0.6 u/mg, respectively. both enzymes were partially purified to give specific activities of 0.26 u/mg and 2.75 u/mg, respectively. kinetic characterization of the homodimeric (108 kda) gdp-alpha-d-ma ... | 1996 | 8922954 |
| a novel pathway for o-polysaccharide biosynthesis in salmonella enterica serovar borreze. | the plasmid-encoded gene cluster for o:54 o-polysaccharide synthesis in salmonella enterica serovar borreze (rfbo:54) contains three genes that direct synthesis of a mannac homopolymer with alternating beta1,3 and beta1,4 linkages. in escherichia coli k-12, rfbao:54 adds the first mannac residue to the rfe (udp-glcpnac::undecaprenylphosphate glcpnac-1-phosphate transferase)- modified lipopolysaccharide core. hydrophobic cluster analysis of rfbao:54 indicates this protein belongs to the exou fami ... | 1996 | 8910488 |
| mycotic aneurysm due to non-typhi salmonella: report of 16 cases. | from 1990 through 1994, we collected information on all cases of mycotic aneurysms due to non-typhi salmonella that occurred at the veterans general hospital in kaohsiung, taiwan. all cases of salmonella bacteremia were reviewed to find any additional cases. a total of 16 cases of salmonella mycotic aneurysms occurred. the mortality rate was 100% among the three patients treated with medical therapy alone. nine (70%) of the 13 patients who received surgical and medical therapy survived. ten of t ... | 1996 | 8909837 |
| evaluation and comparison of molecular techniques for epidemiological typing of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar dublin. | a total of 28 unrelated isolates of the salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar dublin (s. dublin) collected during a 6-year period, as well as four samples of the s. dublin live vaccine strain bovisaloral and its prototype strain s. dublin 442/039, were investigated by different molecular typing methods for the following reasons: (i) to find the most discriminatory method for the epidemiological typing of isolates belonging to this salmonella serovar and (ii) to evaluate these methods for t ... | 1996 | 8904430 |
| molecular typing of salmonella enterica serovar typhi. | the efficiencies of different tests for epidemiological markers--phage typing, ribotyping, is200 typing, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge)--were evaluated for strains from sporadic cases of typhoid fever and a well-defined outbreak. ribotyping and pfge proved to be the most discriminating. both detected two different patterns among outbreak-associated strains. | 1996 | 8897193 |
| characterization of a nosocomial outbreak involving an epidemic plasmid encoding for tem-27 in salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serotype othmarschen. | a ceftazidime-resistant salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serotype othmarschen strain, harboring the plasmid-mediated new extended-spectrum beta-lactamase tem-27, was involved in a nosocomial outbreak (8 patients) at the pediatric cardiology department of the ramón y cajal hospital in madrid. genomic dna polymorphism analysis, using an arbitrarily primed polymerase chain reaction, demonstrated the clonal nature of all salmonella isolates. the plasmid encoding tem-27 (pjmm1) was characteriz ... | 1996 | 8896503 |
| high mutation frequencies among escherichia coli and salmonella pathogens. | here it is reported that the incidence of mutators among isolates of pathogenic escherichia coli and salmonella enterica is high (over 1 percent). these findings counter the theory, founded on studies with laboratory-attenuated strains, that suggests mutators are rare among bacterial populations. defects in methyl-directed mismatch repair underlie all mutator phenotypes described here. of nine independently derived hypermutable strains, seven contained a defective muts allele. because these muta ... | 1996 | 8895473 |
| idiopathic disseminated bacillus calmette-guérin infection: a french national retrospective study. | disseminated bacillus calmette-guérin (bcg) infection after inoculation of live vaccine is considered to result from impaired immunity of the child. however, in half of the cases, regarded as idiopathic, no well-defined immunodeficiency condition can account for the infection. the objective of the present study is to report the prevalence, clinical features, associated infections, and outcomes of children with idiopathic disseminated bcg infection. | 1996 | 8885960 |
| molecular characterization of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar choleraesuis field isolates and differentiation from homologous live vaccine strains suisaloral and sc-54. | four independent molecular methods were used to characterize the salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar choleraesuis live vaccine strains sc-54 and suisaloral and to differentiate them from s. choleraesuis field isolates. plasmid analysis revealed the presence of seven plasmid profiles. a virulence plasmid of 52-kbp was identified by hybridization with an spvb-spvc gene probe in each of the s. choleraesuis field isolates and in the suisaloral vaccine strain, but not in the sc-54 vaccine str ... | 1996 | 8880500 |
| investigation of an outbreak of human salmonellosis caused by salmonella enterica ssp. enterica serovar infantis by use of pulsed field gel electrophoresis. | analysis of chromosomal dna restriction patterns produced by pulsed field gel electrophoresis (pfge) was used to investigate an outbreak of human salmonellosis caused by salmonella enterica ssp. enterica serovar infantis (s. infantis) involving more than 500 registered human cases. the outbreak had been tentatively traced back to a single pig slaughterhouse. a total of 135 isolates from various sources produced 21 different pfge patterns with the restriction endonuclease xbai. all human isolates ... | 1996 | 8880333 |
| a novel relationship between o-antigen variation, matrix formation, and invasiveness of salmonella enteritidis. | salmonella enterica enteritidis in chickens serves as a reservoir for salmonellosis in humans and the structure of its lipopolysaccharide (lps) has been used to assess invasiveness. culture from chick spleens generated colonies with an unusual wrinkled morphology, and it is designated the lacy phenotype. the characterize the nature of the morphological change, three isogenic variants were compared. only the lacy phenotype produced a temperature-dependent cell surface matrix composed of several p ... | 1996 | 8870619 |
| molecular typing of yersinia pseudotuberculosis by using an is200-like element. | the is200-like insertion sequence (is) is a 708-bp element recently found in yersinia pestis. its nucleotide sequence is 85% identical to that of is200 recovered in most salmonella enterica isolates. it is also present in multiple copies in y. pseudotuberculosis. in contrast, this is is found in some (biotype 1b strains) but not other y. enterocolitica strains and is absent in the nonpathogenic yersiniae: y. frederiksenii, y. kristensenii, y. intermedia, y. bercovieri, and y. mollaretii. the num ... | 1996 | 8862590 |
| phage types and ribotypes of salmonella enteritidis in southern italy. | differently from other european countries, southern italy was affected by a considerable increase in human infections due to salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar enteritidis (s. enteritidis) only after 1990. on the present investigation, two groups of s. enteritidis strains isolated during the low-incidence period 1980-1984 and the epidemic period 1990-1993, respectively, have been submitted to phage-typing and ribotyping in order to ascertain whether the epidemic increase was determined ... | 1996 | 8861878 |
| partial purification and characterization of salmonella cytotoxin. | the cytotoxins of two strains of salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar nchanga (mp2309) and virchow (mp1871) were partially purified and characterized physicochemically. the toxin was salt-precipitable and non-dialysable. upon filtration through sephadex g-100 gel column, the toxicity was observed mainly in 2nd peak. the cytotoxic activity was lost completely when heated at 121 degrees c for 15 min. the toxin was found active between a narrow range of ph (i.e., 6.0 to 9.0). the cytotox ... | 1996 | 8861639 |
| biology and clinical significance of virulence plasmids in salmonella serovars. | non-typhoid salmonella strains containing virulence plasmids are highly associated with bacteria and disseminated infection in humans. these plasmids are found in salmonella serovars adapted to domestic animals, such as salmonella dublin and salmonella choleraesuis, as well as in the widely distributed pathogens salmonella typhimurium and salmonella enteritidis. although virulence plasmids differ between serovars, all contain a highly conserved 8-kb region containing the spv locus that encodes t ... | 1995 | 8845442 |
| the identification, cloning and mutagenesis of a genetic locus required for lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis in bordetella pertussis. | bordetella pertussis lipopolysaccharide (lps) is biologically active, being both toxic and immunogenic. using transposon mutagenesis we have identified a genetic locus required for the biosynthesis of lps in b. pertussis, which has been cloned and sequenced. we have also identified equivalent loci in bordetella bronchiseptica and bordetella parapertussis and cloned part of it from b. parapertussis. the amino acid sequences derived from most of the genes present in the sequenced b. pertussis locu ... | 1996 | 8821935 |
| antibacterial activity of a synthetic peptide (pr-26) derived from pr-39, a proline-arginine-rich neutrophil antimicrobial peptide. | pr-39 is a proline-arginine-rich (pr) neutrophil antibacterial peptide originally identified and purified from the porcine small intestine. we report on the synthesis of a functional antibacterial domain of pr-39, the first 26 amino acid residues of the nh2 terminus. pr-26 was as potent as or more potent than pr-39 against enteric gram-negative bacteria. this truncated form of pr-39 potentiated neutrophil phagocytosis of salmonella choleraesuis and decreased the level of s. typhimurium invasion ... | 1996 | 8787891 |
| typing of salmonella enterica serovar saintpaul: an outbreak investigation. | during the summer of 1993 an outbreak of human salmonellosis caused by salmonella serovar saintpaul occurred in denmark. a total of 35 isolates originating from pigs, turkeys and imported foodstuffs, and 10 human isolates were compared following their characterization by agglutination of the 0:5 factor, antibiogram typing, plasmid profiling, ribotyping and pulsed field gel electrophoresis, in order to identify the most probable source of infection. after typing, the source of the investigated ou ... | 1996 | 8774669 |
| [salmonella freetown: 1st isolation in argentina]. | in this paper we report the first case of salmonella freetown in argentina. it was isolated from a stool sample of a child of 1 month and 7 days, assisted as outpatient in the hospital de niños dr. ricardo gutiérrez of the city of santa fe. on the basis of the biochemical characteristics and antigenic formulae, this new serovar belongs to the species salmonella enterica subspecies enterica. | 1996 | 8768486 |
| epidemiology of salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis infections in southern italy during the years 1980-1994. | increased frequency of identification of salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis as a causative agent of sporadic and epidemic cases of infection in humans, along with isolation in many parts of the world of strains belonging in a large proportion to a few phage types, has made phage typing alone inadequate for epidemiological investigations. in southern italy the epidemic increase in isolation of s. enterica serotype enteritidis that has been observed since 1990 has been associated in approxim ... | 1996 | 8763625 |
| isolates of salmonella enterica enteritidis pt4 with enhanced heat and acid tolerance are more virulent in mice and more invasive in chickens. | two enteritidis pt4 isolates which differed in inherent tolerance to heat, acid, h2o2 and the ability to survive on surfaces were used to infect mice, day-old chicks or laying hens. the acid-, heat-, h2o2- and surface-tolerant isolate was more virulent in mice and more invasive in laying hens, particularly in reproductive tissue. however, no significant differences were observed in behaviour in chicks. both pt4 isolates were able to infect chicks housed in the same room as infected birds, althou ... | 1996 | 8760953 |
| world health organisation--supervised interlaboratory comparison of elisas for the serological detection of salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis in chickens. | a collaborative exercise, supervised by the world health organisation, was set up to compare elisas used for the serological detection of salmonella enteritica serotype enteritidis in chickens. the aim was to ascertain how far agreement could be reached on the interpretation of optical density readings for high titre, intermediate titre and low titre sera. two sets of sera were sent to 14 participants. the first set compared high, medium and low titre sera raised in specified-pathogen-free and c ... | 1996 | 8760952 |
| distribution, gene sequence and expression in vivo of the plasmid encoded fimbrial antigen of salmonella serotype enteritidis. | the pefa gene which encoded the serotype associated plasmid (sap) mediated fimbrial major subunit antigen of salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium shared genetic identity with 128 of 706 salmonella isolates as demonstrated by dot (colony) hybridization. seventy-seven of 113 isolates of typhimurium and individual isolates of serotypes bovis-morbificans, cholerae-suis and enteritidis phage type 9b hybridized pefa strongly, whereas 48 isolates of enteritidis hybridized pefa weakly and one enteri ... | 1996 | 8760946 |
| the salmonella virulence plasmid enhances salmonella-induced lysis of macrophages and influences inflammatory responses. | the salmonella dublin virulence plasmid mediates systemic infection in mice and cattle. here, we analyze the interaction between wild-type and plasmid-cured salmonella strains with phagocytes in vitro and in vivo. the intracellular recovery of s. dublin from murine peritoneal and bovine alveolar macrophages cultured in the presence of gentamicin in vitro was not related to virulence plasmid carriage. however, the virulence plasmid increased the lytic activity of s. dublin, salmonella typhimurium ... | 1996 | 8757880 |
| molecular analysis of salmonella enterica serotype dublin: building bridges between population genetic and molecular epidemiological studies. | population genetic studies of salmonella enterica serotype dublin using multilocus enzyme electrophoresis have recognised two dominant clones termed du1 and du3. the characterisation of plasmids in dublin suggests greater strain diversity. the application of restriction enzyme fragmentation pattern (refp) analysis of genomic dna using sau3a and hincii together with plasmid subtractive analysis can resolve anomalies in earlier comparisons. twenty-six isolates were selected for inclusion in the st ... | 1996 | 8738324 |
| prevalence and serovar distribution of salmonella in fresh and frozen meat from captive nile crocodiles (crocodylus niloticus). | salmonella was isolated from 6 of 20 (30.0%) samples of fresh meat, and from 28 of 140 (20.0%) samples of frozen meat processed for human consumption from captive nile crocodiles (crocodylus niloticus) in zimbabwe. salmonella enterica isolates showed a serovar distribution of 41.2% (14/34) subsp. enterica, 11.8% (4/34) subsp. salamae and 41.2% (14/34) subsp. diarizonae. analyses of fresh meat samples yielded aeromonas (a. hydrophila) in 18 of 20 samples (90%), and a mean aerobic plate count (apc ... | 1996 | 8722192 |
| [detection of resistance to the amoxicillin-clavulamic acid combination in salmonella and shigella]. | to study the emergence of amoxicilline/clavulanate resistance in salmonella and shigella. | 1996 | 8714185 |
| cytokine release by porcine livers perfused with lipopolysaccharide or live salmonella choleraesuis. | to develop a model to study the kinetics and relative amounts of cytokines produced by liver cells during enteric infection. | 1996 | 8712509 |
| a family of lysozyme-like virulence factors in bacterial pathogens of plants and animals. | we describe a conserved family of bacterial gene products that includes the virb1 virulence factor encoded by tumor-inducing plasmids of agrobacterium spp., proteins involved in conjugative dna transfer of broad-host-range bacterial plasmids, and gene products that may be involved in invasion by shigella spp. and salmonella enterica. sequence analysis and structural modeling show that the proteins in this group are related to chicken egg white lysozyme and are likely to adopt a lysozyme-like str ... | 1996 | 8692991 |
| [foodborne diseases: a survey on working methods used by 6 public health services in the lombardy region. 1. outbreaks]. | since foodborne diseases, especially those caused by bacteria, have become an increasingly important public health problem, the authors conducted a survey in order to evaluate the organization of, and the intervention carried out by, six public health services in the lombardia region, after reports of foodborne diseases outbreaks. lack of correct methodology was detected, not to mention the usual omission of epidemic curves and attack rates. besides, too many microbiological tests were made and ... | 1995 | 8679179 |
| effect of dose on the immune response and persistence of salmonella choleraesuis infection in swine. | to establish the effect of dose on persistence of and immune response to salmonella choleraesuis in swine. | 1996 | 8669761 |
| growth hormone modulates il-alpha and ifn-gamma release by murine splenocytes activated by lps or porins of salmonella typhimurium. | the effect of growth hormone (gh) on the release of il-1alpha and ifn-gamma from murine splenocytes was investigated. their release from splenocytes activated by salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium lipopolysaccharide (lps) 0.5 microg/ml was increased by c. 65% in the presence of gh 100 pg/ml. with splenocytes activated by s. typhimurium porins 5 microg/ml, gh increased the production of both il-1alpha and ifn-gamma by c. 56%. polymyxin treatment abolished the cytokine-releasing activity of l ... | 1996 | 8667411 |
| virulence and genotype stability of salmonella enterica serovar berta during a natural outbreak. | strains of salmonella enterica serotype berta, collected over a period of 6 years from a well documented natural outbreak in denmark, have been characterized in order to assess the stability of chromosomal typing systems and virulence properties. outbreak strains were identical in pvu ii and psti is200 profiles, all but two strains showed the same sma i ribotype, and all but one strain showed the same not i pulsed field gel electrophoretic pattern, indicating that these molecular markers remaine ... | 1996 | 8666069 |
| linkage of genes essential for synthesis of a polysaccharide capsule in sphingomonas strain s88. | several structurally related capsular polysaccharides that are secreted by members of the genus sphingomonas are being developed as aqueous rheological control agents for diverse industrial and food applications. they include gellan (s-60), welan (s-130), rhamsan (s-194), s-657, s-88, s-198, s-7, and nw-11. we refer to these polysaccharides as sphingans, after the genus name. this paper characterizes the first gene cluster isolated from a sphingomonas species (s88) that is required for capsule s ... | 1996 | 8626338 |
| c-terminal half of salmonella enterica wbap (rfbp) is the galactosyl-1-phosphate transferase domain catalyzing the first step of o-antigen synthesis. | we previously showed that the product of the wbap gene of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium has two functions: it is involved in the first step of o-antigen synthesis (the galactosyltransferase [gt] function) and in a later step (the t function), first thought to be the flipping of the o-antigen subunit on undecaprenyl pyrophosphate from the cytoplasmic face to the periplasmic face of the cytoplasmic membrane. we now locate two wbap(t) mutations within the first half of the wbap gene by se ... | 1996 | 8626328 |
| specific detection of salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis using the polymerase chain reaction. | an assay was developed for the specific detection of salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis, using a novel application of the polymerase chain reaction (pcr). this pcr assay is based on the mismatch amplification mutation assay, an allele-specific reaction, and can discriminate enteritidis from all other salmonella. pcr primers were selected to amplify a 351-base pair (bp) dna fragment from the salmonella plasmid virulence a (spv a) gene of enteritidis. a single base difference at position 272 ... | 1996 | 8620904 |
| [epidemiological studies in 2 episodes of food poisoning by salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis and the phenotypic and genotypic characterization of the epidemic strains]. | 1994 | 8611233 | |
| methanol extracts lps from deep rough bacteria. | several rough strains of escherichia coli, salmonella enterica and proteus mirabilis were cultivated in the presence of (14c)acetate, which incorporated into their phospholipids and lipopolysaccharide. phospholipids were removed from the cells with ethanol extraction. however, as shown by thin layer chromatography, methanol additionally extracted remarkable quantities of lipopolysaccharide from deep rough strains, but not from bacteria containing complete or nearly complete core. | 1996 | 8605006 |
| influence of inoculation route on the carrier state of salmonella choleraesuis in swine. | this study was designed to investigate the carrier state of swine infected with salmonella choleraesuis. thirty-five pigs were divided into 3 groups. groups 1 (n = 15) and 2 (n = 16) were challenged with 10(8) cfu of s. choleraesuis intranasally or by gastric route, respectively. group 3 (n = 4) served as uninoculated controls. pigs were necropsied at 2, 4, 6, and 12 weeks post inoculation. clinical signs and microscopic lesions were more severe for group 1. salmonella choleraesuis was recovered ... | 1995 | 8604554 |
| polymorphism of rrna genes and plasmid analysis in the typing of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis from a spanish health area. | a molecular epidemiological study of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis (s. enteritidis) in a spanish health area was carried out using two genotypic methods; polymorphism of rrna genes (ribotyping) and plasmid analysis. the series included 100 isolates randomly selected from among those collected over the period 1984-92 (50 from sporadic episodes and 50 from 10 outbreaks). ribotyping using hindiii, smai, and ecori showed a notable degree of homogeneity within enteritidis serovar, it being ... | 1995 | 8590390 |
| gene transfer is a major factor in bacterial evolution. | lateral gene transfer in four strains of salmonella enterica has been assessed using genomic subtraction. strain lt2 (subspecies i serovar typhimurium) chromosomal dna was used as target and subtracted by three subspecies i strains of serovars typhimurium (s21), muenchen (s71), typhi (m229), and a subspecies v strain (m321). data from probing random cosmids of lt2 dna with preparations of the residual lt2 dna after subtraction were used to estimate the amounts of lt2 dna not able to hybridize to ... | 1996 | 8583905 |
| salmonella enterotoxin (stn) gene is prevalent among strains of salmonella enterica, but not among salmonella bongori and other enterobacteriaceae. | all strains and serovars of salmonella enterica such as serovar typhimurium, enteritidis, dublin, typhi, etc. were found to carry the salmonella enterotoxin determinant stn as far as examined in pcr and hybridization studies. however, using mdck cells for testing the toxicity of the strains under investigation, only a limited number of stn positive strains revealed phenotypically the salmonella enterotoxin stn. in contrast to s. enterica, other enterobacteriaceae including salmonella bongori wer ... | 1995 | 8580901 |
| natural transmission of salmonella choleraesuis in swine. | this experiment was designed to study the natural transmission of salmonella choleraesuis in swine. forty pigs were divided into three groups. group 1 (n = 12) was challenged with 10(8) cfu of s. choleraesuis per ml by intranasal inoculation. one day postinoculation (p.i.), group 2 (n = 24) was commingled with group 1. group 3 (n = 4) served as uninoculated controls. serum samples were collected weekly. blastogenesis assays and necropsies were performed at 1, 2, 4, 6, 9, and 12 weeks p.i., and 1 ... | 1996 | 8572691 |
| dna fingerprint analysis of standard, intermediate, and variant antigenic types of salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar gallinarum biovar pullorum. | dna fingerprint profiles and antigenic types of 150 salmonella enterica serovar gallinarum biovar pullorum field isolates and seven reference strains were evaluated. field isolates were submitted to the national veterinary services laboratories (nvsl), ames, iowa, between oct. 1, 1990, and aug. 20, 1991. three antigenic types (standard [n = 96], intermediate [n = 50], and variant [n = 4]) were identified among the field isolates. the ncii fingerprint profiles of all field isolates were identical ... | 1995 | 8561745 |
| the salmonella dublin virulence plasmid does not modulate early t-cell responses in mice. | the virulence plasmid in salmonella dublin mediates systemic infection in mice and cattle. the role of gamma delta t cells or hepatic extrathymic t cells has recently been reported to be important in the control of the early stage of salmonella choleraesuis infections of mice. here, we report on t-cell responses in conventional mice after challenge with a virulent strain of s. dublin carrying a virulence plasmid or with a strain cured of the plasmid. over a period of 4 days postinfection, when b ... | 1996 | 8557343 |
| large outbreak of salmonella enterica serotype paratyphi b infection caused by a goats' milk cheese, france, 1993: a case finding and epidemiological study. | to assess the magnitude of a nationwide outbreak of infection with salmonella enterica serotype paratyphi b and identify the vehicle and source of infection. | 1996 | 8555937 |
| salmonella enteritidis agfbac operon encoding thin, aggregative fimbriae. | salmonella enteritidis produces thin, aggregative fimbriae, named sef17, which are composed of polymerized agfa fimbrin proteins. dna sequence analysis of a 2-kb region of s. enteritidis dna revealed three contiguous genes, agfbac. the 453-bp agfa gene encodes the agfa fimbrin, which was predicted to be 74% identical and 86% similar in primary sequence to the escherichia coli curli structural protein, csga. phag, a puc18 derivative containing a 3.0-kb hindiii fragment encoding agfbac, directed t ... | 1996 | 8550497 |
| differentiation of strains from a food-borne outbreak of salmonella enterica by phenotypic and genetic typing methods. | a combination of typing methods was used to identify the strains and the infection source in a food-borne outbreak of salmonella enterica occurring in a summer camp and affecting 25 children. all isolates tested were found to be serovar enteritidis, with an identical biotype api 20e and ribotype. however, they differed in their plasmid profiles and/or antibiograms, and were grouped into three strains. one strain was found in human stools, another in a hen's egg, and the third in both stools and ... | 1995 | 8549719 |
| molecular typing of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar enteritidis isolates. | a collection of 31 epidemiologically unrelated salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar enteritidis (s. enteritidis) isolates obtained during a 12-year period was characterised by different molecular typing methods. plasmid profile analysis, the detection of plasmid-encoded virulence genes and ribotyping allowed little or no further differentiation amongst these isolates. two different hybridisation patterns were observed by is200-typing of the s. enteritidis isolates. however, pulsed-field g ... | 1996 | 8544212 |
| il-15 is a novel growth factor for murine gamma delta t cells induced by salmonella infection. | we have previously shown evidence for the early recruitment of gamma delta t cells during the disease course of primary infections with listeria monocytogenes or salmonella choleraesuis in mice. since gamma delta t cells at this stage of the disease do not produce il-2, the growth factor for the gamma delta t cells remains unknown. il-15 is a novel cytokine that uses beta- and gamma-chain of il-2r for signal transduction, and is produced by activated monocytes/macrophages. in this study, we inve ... | 1996 | 8543818 |
| genetic organisation and evolution of yersinia pseudotuberculosis 3,6-dideoxyhexose biosynthetic genes. | 3,6-dideoxyhexose (ddh) sugars occur in some of the o antigens of salmonella enterica and yersinia pseudotuberculosis, but are otherwise rarely found in nature. y. pseudotuberculosis ddh biosynthetic genes rfbs (encoding cdp-paratose synthetase) and rfbe (encoding cdp-tyvelose epimerase) were amplified and cloned, and their sequences determined. comparisons with the equivalent genes of s. enterica show that the genetic arrangement of ddh genes is very similar; however, in y. pseudotuberculosis t ... | 1995 | 8541300 |
| tumor necrosis factor-alpha production in swine after oral or respiratory challenge exposure with live salmonella typhimurium or salmonella choleraesuis. | a series of experiments was conducted to document tumor necrosis factor-alpha (tnf) activity in serum of swine after inoculation with salmonella spp endotoxin and after oral or respiratory tract challenge exposure with live salmonella spp. for experiment 1, a potentially lethal dose of s typhimurium endotoxin (25 micrograms/kg of body weight) was administered iv, and serum tnf activity was measured. high tnf (approx 700 iu/ml) activity at 1 to 2 hours after administration of the inoculum was ass ... | 1995 | 8533971 |
| [enteric fever caused by multiresistant salmonella typhi: 2 autochthonous cases]. | references about isolation of strains of salmonella typhi multiply resistant to antimicrobials and native from spain are very scant. we describe here two cases of typhoid fever produced by two identical strains of salmonella typhi. both strains are multiresistant and autochthonous, judging from epidemiological investigations. | 1993 | 8512972 |
| molecular analysis of spv virulence genes of the salmonella virulence plasmids. | genes on an 8 kb region common to the virulence plasmids of several serovars of salmonella are sufficient to replace the entire plasmid in enabling systemic infection in animal models. this virulence region encompasses five genes which previously have been designated with different names from each investigating laboratory. a common nomenclature has been devised for the five genes, i.e. spv for salmonella plasmid virulence. the first gene, spvr, encodes a positive activator for the following four ... | 1993 | 8483415 |
| purification and characterization of three carboxylesterases from enterobacteriaceae. | the carboxylesterases from proteus vulgaris, salmonella enterica and citrobacter amalonaticus were purified 104-, 95- and 120-fold, respectively by chromatography. the enzymes had similar catalytic activities but differed considerably in their inactivation by heat, di-isopropyl fluorophosphate and cd2+, zn2+, hg2+ and cu2+. quantitative neutralization of hydrolytic activity with specific immunoglobulins indicated that the three enzymes were antigenically distinct. | 1993 | 8472928 |
| different appearance of gamma delta t cells during salmonellosis between ityr and itys mice. | ity gene, which is believed to be a single gene on proximal mouse chromosome 1, determines susceptibility to salmonella infection. we have recently demonstrated that the gamma delta t cells specific for purified protein derivative appear at the early stage after infection with salmonella choleraesuis strain 31n-1 (avirulent strain) in mice. in the present study, we compared the appearance of the gamma delta t cells in ityr and itys mice after infection with s. choleraesuis in an attempt to eluci ... | 1993 | 8468480 |
| salmonella choleraesuis pneumonia in a cat without signs of gastrointestinal tract disease. | primary salmonella choleraesuis pneumonia without enteric manifestations was diagnosed in an 8-year-old cat. the diagnosis was based on culture of the organism from bronchial brushings. pathogens were not isolated from multiple fecal samples. the cat initially responded to treatment with sulfamethoxazole trimethoprim, but relapsed after the owner discontinued treatment because of difficulty in administration. treatment with ampicillin, followed by amoxicillin, resulted in complete resolution of ... | 1993 | 8468222 |
| molecular analysis of the 3,6-dideoxyhexose pathway genes of yersinia pseudotuberculosis serogroup iia. | salmonella enterica and yersinia pseudotuberculosis are the only examples in nature known to use a variety of 3,6-dideoxyhexose derivatives as o antigen constituents. to allow a comparison of the responsible biosynthetic genes of the two organisms, we have sequenced a section of the y. pseudotuberculosis serogroup iia rfb region that contained the genes for the abequose biosynthetic pathway. comparison of the identified genes with the rfb region of s. enterica lt2 showed that the two dideoxyhexo ... | 1993 | 8444803 |
| molecular mechanism of the regulation of expression of plasmid-encoded mouse bacteremia (mba) genes in salmonella serovar choleraesuis. | the regulation of mouse bacteremia genes (mba genes) encoded by a 6.4 kb region on the 50 kb virulence plasmid (pkdsc50) of salmonella serovar choleraesuis was analyzed. the genes mba1, mba2, mba3, and mba4, are arranged in this order, and form a cluster located in the 6.4 kb mba region. we prepared four antibodies, each specific for an individual mba protein, using synthetic peptides as antigens. their amino acid sequences were deduced from the dna sequence of the corresponding mba genes. each ... | 1993 | 8437568 |
| oral immunization of mice and swine with an attenuated salmonella choleraesuis [delta cya-12 delta(crp-cdt)19] mutant containing a recombinant plasmid. | salmonella choleraesuis chi 3781, an attenuated [delta cya-12 delta(crp-cdt)19] mutant, was electroporated with the plasmid pba31-r7, which codes for the expression of a 31-kda protein from brucella abortus (bcsp31). recombinant s. choleraesuis chi 3781 stably maintained the pba31-r7 plasmid and continued to express the cloned protein following recovery of the organism from orally inoculated animals. unlike previous studies using s. typhimurium chi 4064(pba31-r7), s. choleraesuis chi 3781(pba31- ... | 1993 | 8423090 |
| nontoxic forms of lipopolysaccharides, poorly cleared in vivo, are present in variable amounts in phenol-extracted endotoxins. | a radiolabeled lipopolysaccharide (lps) from salmonella choleraesuis was as toxic for galactosamine-treated mice as the unlabeled preparation. after intravenous injection, a large proportion (37%) of the labeled material remained in the circulation. this circulating form of lps was not toxic, even when reextracted with phenol, and remained in the circulation when reinjected into mice. furthermore, toxic and nontoxic constituents were directly isolated in vitro by hydrophobic gel chromatography o ... | 1993 | 8418160 |
| regulation of the ansb gene of salmonella enterica. | the expression of l-asparaginase ii (encoded by ansb) in salmonella enterica was found to be positively regulated by the camp receptor protein (crp) and anaerobiosis. the anaerobic regulation of the s. enterica ansb gene is not mediated by the anaerobic transcriptional activator fnr. this is unlike the situation of the ansb gene of escherichia coli, which is dependent on both crp and fnr. to investigate this fundamental difference in the regulation of l-asparaginase ii expression in s. enterica, ... | 1993 | 8412661 |
| isolation and characterization of carboxylesterase e3 from salmonella enterica. | three esterases (est-) hydrolysing alpha-naphthyl acetate: est-e1, est-e3 and est-e4 produced by salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium, strain lt2 were separated by deae chromatography and gel filtration. est-e3, the major component of this set of enzymes, clearly differed from the two other esterases by its apparent molecular weight, titration curve, substrate specificity and inactivation. immunoglobulins raised against est-e3 completely neutralized the activity of est-e3 but did not react wi ... | 1993 | 8407677 |
| cloning and molecular characterization of a gene involved in salmonella adherence and invasion of cultured epithelial cells. | our laboratories have independently identified a gene in salmonella choleraesuis and salmonella typhimurium that is necessary for efficient adherence and entry of these organisms into cultured epithelial cells. introduction of a mutated gene into several salmonella strains belonging to different serotypes rendered these organisms deficient for adherence and invasion of cultured cells. this effect was most pronounced in the host-adapted serotypes salmonella gallinarum, s. choleraesuis, and salmon ... | 1993 | 8382333 |
| purification, characterization and hplc assay of salmonella glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyl-transferase from the cloned rfba gene. | we here report on the purification and characterization of glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyl-transferase, the first of four enzymes committed to biosynthesis of dtdp-l-rhamnose from salmonella enterica strain lt2. the purification was greatly facilitated by the cloning of the rfba gene encoding this enzyme. pure enzyme was obtained by 109-fold enrichment in three chromatography steps. the glucose-1-phosphate thymidylytransferase catalyzes a reversible bimolecular group transfer reaction and kinetic ... | 1993 | 8382158 |
| [bacterial ascites caused by salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotype indiana]. | 1993 | 8368710 | |
| presence of microorganisms in used ultrasonic cleaning solutions. | this study analyzed ultrasonic cleaning solutions for bacterial contamination and for antibacterial activity after the solutions were used for a full day in dental offices. ten dental offices ultrasonically cleaned their instruments by their standard procedures for a full day using one batch of their normal cleaning solution. the solutions were then quantitatively analyzed for levels of bacterial contamination and for antibacterial activity against staphylococcus aureus and pseudomonas aeruginos ... | 1993 | 8329158 |
| characterization of the small cryptic plasmid, pimvs1, of salmonella enterica ser. typhimurium. | the nucleotide sequence has been determined of a small cryptic plasmid of salmonella typhimurium, designated pimvs1, which correlated with an outbreak of gastroenteritis. this plasmid has a size of 3357 bp with no known functions. it does not encode any protein products but shows homology to several well-characterized plasmids. the replication system with rnai and rnaii and the replication origin (oriv) is highly similar to that of plasmid p15a. it also has a putative mobilisation origin similar ... | 1993 | 8302933 |
| noti macrorestriction analysis suggests a clonal relationship of salmonella enterica, ser. enteritidis phage lysotype 4 strains. | 30 different strains of salmonella enterica ser. enteritidis (s. enteritidis) isolated at the institute for medical microbiology, hannover, were subjected to a noti macrorestriction analysis. the results were compared with the respective phage lysis patterns. 25 of 30 isolates belonged to phage lysotype 4; all these strains displayed an identical genomic noti restriction fragment pattern. in contrast, five isolates of other phage lysotypes revealed more or less prominent differences in their not ... | 1993 | 8300252 |
| acute phase response to salmonella in a pig liver perfusion model. | livers from 7- to 14-day old pigs were maintained on a perfusion apparatus for 3 h. the perfused livers maintained physiologic and immunologic functions during perfusion. the perfused livers retained 78-94% of a non-recirculating inoculum of approximately 1-5 x 10(8) salmonella choleraesuis (scs), and cleared 94.9 +/- 1.7% of the retained (scs) during the 3-h perfusion period. when the acute phase response (apr) was induced in liver donor pigs 24 h before liver perfusion, the perfused livers had ... | 1993 | 8291202 |
| udp-sugar hydrolase isozymes in salmonella enterica and escherichia coli: silent alleles of usha in related strains of group i salmonella isolates, and of ushb in wild-type and k12 strains of e. coli, indicate recent and early silencing events, respectively. | escherichia coli contains a single periplasmic udp-glucose hydrolase (5'-nucleotidase) encoded by usha. salmonella enterica, serotype typhimurium, also contains a single udp-glucose hydrolase but, in contrast to e. coli, it is membrane-bound and is encoded by the non-homologous ushb gene; salmonella enterica (typhimurium) also contains a silent allele of the usha gene (usha0). in this report, we show that nearly all natural isolates of salmonella contain both udp-sugar hydrolases, i.e. they are ... | 1993 | 8288106 |
| purification, characterization, and high performance liquid chromatography assay of salmonella glucose-1-phosphate cytidylyltransferase from the cloned rfbf gene. | we report the purification and characterization of glucose-1-phosphate cytidylyltransferase, the first of five enzymes committed to biosynthesis of cdp-d-abequose from salmonella enterica strain lt2. the purification was greatly facilitated by using a cloned rfbf gene encoding this enzyme. pure enzyme was obtained by 64-fold enrichment in three chromatography steps. the nh2-terminal sequence of the purified enzyme was in agreement with the sequence predicted from the nucleotide sequence of the r ... | 1994 | 8276783 |
| short-term treatment of traveler's diarrhea with norfloxacin: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study during two seasons. | clinical efficacy of norfloxacin for treatment of traveler's diarrhea in 106 finnish tourists vacationing in morocco was evaluated during two different seasons. when the criteria for diagnosis of traveler's diarrhea were fulfilled, norfloxacin (400 mg) or a placebo was given orally, twice daily for 3 days. all symptoms and signs subsided sooner in the norfloxacin group. the clearest difference was observed in the duration of diarrhea: 1.2 days in the norfloxacin group vs. 3.3 days in the placebo ... | 1993 | 8268363 |