Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
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| intercellular adhesion molecule 1 serves as a primary cognate receptor for the type iv pilus of nontypeable haemophilus influenzae. | nontypeable haemophilus influenzae (nthi) utilizes the type iv pilus (tfp) to adhere to respiratory tract epithelial cells thus colonizing its human host; however, the host cell receptor to which this adhesive protein binds is unknown. from a panel of receptors engaged by tfp expressed by other bacterial species, we showed that the majority subunit of nthi tfp, pila, bound to intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (icam1) and that this interaction was both specific and of high affinity. further, tfp- ... | 2016 | 26857242 |
| early-life respiratory infections and asthma development: role in disease pathogenesis and potential targets for disease prevention. | this article presents recent findings and perspectives on the relationship between early-life respiratory infections and asthma inception, and discusses emerging concepts on strategies that target these infectious agents for asthma prevention. | 2016 | 26854761 |
| burden of influenza and respiratory syncytial virus infection in pregnant women and infants under 6 months in mongolia: a prospective cohort study. | pregnant women and infants under 6 months are at risk of influenza-related complications. limited information exists on their community burden of respiratory viruses. | 2016 | 26849042 |
| respiratory viruses associated hospitalization among children aged <5 years in bangladesh: 2010-2014. | we combined hospital-based surveillance and health utilization survey data to estimate the incidence of respiratory viral infections associated hospitalization among children aged < 5 years in bangladesh. | 2016 | 26840782 |
| erratum: effect of prophylactic palivizumab on admission due to respiratory syncytial virus infection in former very low birth weight infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia. | 2016 | 26839492 | |
| chest physiotherapy for acute bronchiolitis in paediatric patients between 0 and 24 months old. | this cochrane review was first published in 2005 and updated in 2007, 2012 and now 2015. acute bronchiolitis is the leading cause of medical emergencies during winter in children younger than two years of age. chest physiotherapy is sometimes used to assist infants in the clearance of secretions in order to decrease ventilatory effort. | 2016 | 26833493 |
| evaluation of a fluorescent immunoassay rapid test (sofia™) for detection of influenza a+b and rsv in a tertiary pediatric setting. | in response to the lack of sensitivity and reproducibility of previously marketed rapid antigen detection tests, a novel fluorescent immunoassay was recently developed. this new assay offers rapidity and automated reading. more characterization of this assay is needed. the aim of this study was to assess diagnostic performance of sofia influenza a+b and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) while compared to traditional viral cell culture. a total of 416 respiratory samples were analyzed prospective ... | 2016 | 26827091 |
| risk of respiratory syncytial virus infection in cyanotic congenital heart disease in a subtropical area. | to compare the risk of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-associated hospitalization and analyze the epidemiology of rsv infection in patients with cyanotic and acyanotic congenital heart disease (chd), we analyzed the nationwide health insurance database from 2005-2010. | 2016 | 26822618 |
| [respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections in the pediatric teaching hospital charles de gaulle of ouagadougou, burkina faso]. | human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections are little known in burkina faso. the objective of our work is to study the epidemiological and clinical aspects of rsv infections in infants in the pediatric teaching hospital charles de gaulle of ouagadougou. between july 1(st) 2010 and june 30(th) 2011, we analyzed by direct immunofluorescence and pcr nasopharyngeal swabs from children from 0 to 36 months old. all in all, 210 patients among whom 74 from the external consultation (35.2%) and 1 ... | 2016 | 26821370 |
| acute uncomplicated febrile illness in children aged 2-59 months in zanzibar - aetiologies, antibiotic treatment and outcome. | despite the fact that a large proportion of children with fever in africa present at primary health care facilities, few studies have been designed to specifically study the causes of uncomplicated childhood febrile illness at this level of care, especially in areas like zanzibar that has recently undergone a dramatic change from high to low malaria transmission. | 2016 | 26821179 |
| absence of human rhinovirus and respiratory syncytial virus from bronchoalveolar lavage and bronchial biopsies of selected patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. | previous studies have reported very different rates of human rhinovirus (hrv) and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) genome detection in nasal and sputum samples, but not in bronchoalveolar lavage (bal) and bronchial biopsy samples. our study aimed to investigate the presence of hrv and rsv in the lungs of 31 consecutive patients with stable copd (11 gold stage i, 11 ii, and 9 iii) and 22 control subjects (12 current or past smokers, and 10 non-smokers), who underwent diagnostic (e.g., lung cance ... | 2016 | 26819185 |
| progress toward a respiratory syncytial virus vaccine. | in accompanying papers (p. l. acosta, m. t. caballero, and f. p. polack, clin vaccine immunol 23:189-195, 2016, http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cvi.00609-15; m. vissers, i. m. l. ahout, m. i. de jonge, and g. ferwerda, clin vaccine immunol 23:243-245, 2016, http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cvi.00590-15) in this issue of clinical and vaccine immunology, the history of and immune mechanisms underlying vaccine-enhanced respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) disease and of investigations of mucosal antibodies and the ... | 2016 | 26818954 |
| angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 inhibits lung injury induced by respiratory syncytial virus. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection is a major cause of severe lower respiratory illness in infants and young children, but the underlying mechanisms responsible for viral pathogenesis have not been fully elucidated. to date, no drugs or vaccines have been employed to improve clinical outcomes for rsv-infected patients. in this paper, we report that angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ace2) protected against severe lung injury induced by rsv infection in an experimental mouse model and in p ... | 2016 | 26813885 |
| protein tyrosine phosphatase 1b negatively regulates s100a9-mediated lung damage during respiratory syncytial virus exacerbations. | protein tyrosine phosphatase 1b (ptp1b) has anti-inflammatory potential but ptp1b responses are desensitized in the lung by prolonged cigarette smoke exposure. here we investigate whether ptp1b expression affects lung disease severity during respiratory syncytial viral (rsv) exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd). ptp1b(-/-) mice infected with rsv exhibit exaggerated immune cell infiltration, damaged epithelial cell barriers, cytokine production, and increased apoptosis. e ... | 2016 | 26813343 |
| fas-associated factor 1 negatively regulates the antiviral immune response by inhibiting translocation of interferon regulatory factor 3 to the nucleus. | this study is designed to examine the cellular functions of human fas-associated factor 1 (faf1) containing multiple ubiquitin-related domains. microarray analyses revealed that interferon-stimulated genes related to the antiviral response are significantly increased in faf1-knockdown hela cells. silencing faf1 enhanced the poly(i·c)- and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-induced production of type i interferons (ifns), the target genes of interferon regulator factor 3 (irf3). irf3 is a key tran ... | 2016 | 26811330 |
| bovine respiratory syncytial virus outbreak reduced bulls' weight gain and feed conversion for eight months in a norwegian beef herd. | cost-benefit evaluation of measures against respiratory disease in cattle requires accounting with the associated production losses. investigations of naturally occurring respiratory infections in a herd setting are an opportunity for accurate estimates of the consequences. this article presents estimates based on individual monitoring of weight and concentrate intake of several hundred bulls previous to, during and after a respiratory infection outbreak with bovine respiratory syncytial virus ( ... | 2016 | 26810215 |
| induction of dna double-strand breaks and cellular senescence by human respiratory syncytial virus. | human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) accounts for the majority of lower respiratory tract infections during infancy and childhood and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. hrsv provokes a proliferation arrest and characteristic syncytia in cellular systems such as immortalized epithelial cells. we show here that hrsv induces the expression of dna damage markers and proliferation arrest such as p-tp53, p-atm, cdkn1a and γh2afx in cultured cells secondary to the production of ... | 2016 | 26809688 |
| efficacy and long-term outcomes of palivizumab prophylaxis to prevent respiratory syncytial virus infection in infants with cystic fibrosis in northern ireland. | rsv causes considerable morbidity and mortality in children. in cystic fibrosis (cf) viral infections are associated with worsening respiratory symptoms and bacterial colonization. palivizumab is effective in reducing rsv hospitalization in high risk patient groups. evidence regarding its effectiveness and safety in cf is inconclusive. cf screening in n. ireland enabled timely palivizumab prophylaxis, becoming routine in 2002. | 2016 | 26808981 |
| incidence and clinical course of respiratory viral coinfections in children aged 0-59 months. | clinical data available on coinfections are contradictory concerning both the number of viruses involved and the severity of the condition. a total of 114 patients aged 0-59 months with symptoms of respiratory tract infection were enrolled into the study. nasal and pharyngeal swabs were tested using the pcr method for the following 12 viruses: influenza a, influenza b, respiratory syncytial virus a (rsv a), respiratory syncytial virus b (rsv b), adenovirus, metapneumovirus, coronavirus 229e/nl63 ... | 2016 | 26801151 |
| respiratory syncytial virus: a byzantine pathogen. | 2016 | 26795683 | |
| cell fusion assay by expression of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) fusion protein to analyze the mutation of palivizumab-resistant strains. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) consists of fusion (f), glyco (g), and small hydrophobic (sh) proteins as envelope proteins, and infects through cell fusion. f protein is expressed on the surface of infected cells, and induces cell fusion. in the present report, expression plasmids of the f, g and sh proteins were constructed and cell fusion activity was investigated under t7 rna polymerase. f protein alone induced cell fusion at a lower concentration than previously reported, and co-expressio ... | 2016 | 26794681 |
| a recombinant g protein plus cyclosporine a-based respiratory syncytial virus vaccine elicits humoral and regulatory t cell responses against infection without vaccine-enhanced disease. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection can cause severe disease in the lower respiratory tract of infants and older people. vaccination with a formalin-inactivated rsv vaccine (fi-rsv) and subsequent rsv infection has led to mild to severe pneumonia with two deaths among vaccinees. the vaccine-enhanced disease (ved) was recently demonstrated to be due to an elevated level of th2 cell responses following loss of regulatory t (treg) cells from the lungs. to induce high levels of neutralizing ... | 2016 | 26792805 |
| c-terminal dxd-containing sequences within paramyxovirus nucleocapsid proteins determine matrix protein compatibility and can direct foreign proteins into budding particles. | paramyxovirus particles are formed by a budding process coordinated by viral matrix (m) proteins. m proteins coalesce at sites underlying infected cell membranes and induce other viral components, including viral glycoproteins and viral ribonucleoprotein complexes (vrnps), to assemble at these locations from which particles bud. m proteins interact with the nucleocapsid (np or n) components of vrnps, and these interactions enable production of infectious, genome-containing virions. for the param ... | 2016 | 26792745 |
| viral etiology of medically attended influenza-like illnesses in children less than five years old in suzhou, china, 2011-2014. | limited information is available on the non-influenza etiology and epidemiology of influenza-like illness (ili) in china. from april 2011 to march 2014, we collected oropharyngeal swabs from children less than 5 years of age with symptoms of ili who presented to the outpatient departments of suzhou university affiliated children's hospital (sch). we used reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) or pcr to detect 11 respiratory viruses. among 3,662 enrolled ili patients, 1,292 (35. ... | 2016 | 26792409 |
| evidence for a biphasic mode of respiratory syncytial virus transmission in permissive hep2 cell monolayers. | during respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection filamentous virus particles are formed on the cell surface. although the virus infectivity remains cell-associated, low levels of cell-free virus is detected during advanced infection. it is currently unclear if this cell-free virus infectivity is due to a low-efficiency specific cell-release mechanism, or if it arises due to mechanical breakage following virus-induced cell damage at the advanced stage of infection. understanding the origin of t ... | 2016 | 26790623 |
| ormdl3 variants associated with bronchiolitis susceptibility in a chinese population. | recent studies revealed common genetic risks for both viral bronchiolitis and asthma. genome-wide association studies revealed that rs7216389 in the ormdl3 gene is associated with childhood asthma. we conducted a case-control study examining the associations between ormdl3 polymorphisms (rs7216389, rs12603332, and rs11650680) and bronchiolitis susceptibility/viral findings among 247 infant bronchiolitis cases and 190 healthy controls. we genotyped single nucleotide polymorphisms by matrix-assist ... | 2015 | 26782568 |
| [detection of respiratory viruses in children with acute lower respiratory tract infection: an analysis of 5,150 children]. | to investigate the distribution of respiratory viruses on throat swabs in hospitalized children with acute lower respiratory tract infection (alrti). | 2016 | 26781413 |
| curcumin modified silver nanoparticles for highly efficient inhibition of respiratory syncytial virus infection. | interactions between nanoparticles and viruses have attracted increasing attention due to the antiviral activity of nanoparticles and the resulting possibility to be employed as biomedical interventions. in this contribution, we developed a very simple route to prepare uniform and stable silver nanoparticles (agnps) with antiviral properties by using curcumin, which is a member of the ginger family isolated from rhizomes of the perennial herb curcuma longa and has a wide range of biological acti ... | 2016 | 26781043 |
| adherence to palivizumab for respiratory syncytial virus prevention in the canadian registry of palivizumab. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a leading cause of lower respiratory tract infections in infants. palivizumab, a means of passive prophylaxis, relies on patient adherence to ensure therapeutic effectiveness. the objective of this study is to evaluate the association between adherence and the incidence of rsv-associated outcomes and to identify demographic factors that may impact adherence. | 2015 | 26780032 |
| [respiratory syncytial virus outbreak in a tertiary hospital neonatal intensive care unit]. | investigation and control of a respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) outbreak that affected the neonatal intensive care unit (nicu) of a university hospital from october to december 2012. | 2016 | 26776167 |
| prevalence of human metapneumovirus infection among patients with influenza-like illness: report from a tertiary care centre, southern india. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv), discovered in the 21st century, has emerged as an important cause of influenza-like illness in children and adults causing mild upper respiratory tract infection to severe bronchiolitis and community-associated pneumonia. the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of hmpv in the union territory of puducherry, india, as part of national influenza surveillance programme. | 2016 | 26776115 |
| immunogenicity and efficacy of alphavirus-derived replicon vaccines for respiratory syncytial virus and human metapneumovirus in nonhuman primates. | human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) and human metapneumovirus (hmpv) are major causes of illness among children, the elderly, and the immunocompromised. no vaccine has been licensed for protection against either of these viruses. we tested the ability of two venezuelan equine encephalitis virus-based viral replicon particle (vee-vrp) vaccines that express the hrsv or hmpv fusion (f) protein to confer protection against hrsv or hmpv in african green monkeys. animals immunized with vee-vrp va ... | 2016 | 26772634 |
| complete genome sequence of human respiratory syncytial virus isolated in mexico. | human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) is a member of the paramyxoviridae family, which causes lower respiratory tract infections in neonates and children younger than 5 years. here, we report the complete genome sequence of hrsv, isolated from a nasopharyngeal swab of a pregnant woman with cardiac complications. | 2016 | 26769933 |
| clinical decision support and palivizumab: a means to protect from respiratory syncytial virus. | palivizumab can reduce hospitalizations due to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), but many eligible infants fail to receive the full 5-dose series. the efficacy of clinical decision support (cds) in fostering palivizumab receipt has not been studied. we sought a comprehensive solution for identifying eligible patients and addressing barriers to palivizumab administration. | 2015 | 26767069 |
| pediatric asthma and viral infection. | respiratory viral infections, particularly respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and rhinovirus, are the most importance risk factors for the onset of wheezing in infants and small children. bronchiolitis is the most common acute respiratory infection in children under 1year of age, and the most common cause of hospitalization in this age group. rsv accounts for approximately 70% of all these cases, followed by rhinovirus, adenovirus, metapneumovirus and bocavirus. the association between bronchioli ... | 2016 | 26766408 |
| pre-birth cohort study of atopic dermatitis and severe bronchiolitis during infancy. | infants hospitalized for bronchiolitis (i.e. severe bronchiolitis) are at increased risk of childhood asthma. there are many known risk factors for severe bronchiolitis, including cardiac and pulmonary diseases. less is known about the association between atopic diseases and risk of severe bronchiolitis. we sought to further examine risk factors for severe bronchiolitis, focusing on atopic dermatitis (ad). | 2016 | 26766307 |
| isg15 is upregulated in respiratory syncytial virus infection and reduces virus growth through protein isgylation. | human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), for which neither a vaccine nor an effective therapeutic treatment is currently available, is the leading cause of severe lower respiratory tract infections in children. interferon-stimulated gene 15 (isg15) is a ubiquitin-like protein that is highly increased during viral infections and has been reported to have an antiviral or a proviral activity, depending on the virus. previous studies from our laboratory demonstrated strong isg15 upregulation during ... | 2016 | 26763998 |
| novel insights into human respiratory syncytial virus-host factor interactions through integrated proteomics and transcriptomics analysis. | the lack of vaccine and limited antiviral options against respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) highlights the need for novel therapeutic strategies. one alternative is to develop drugs that target host factors required for viral replication. several microarray and proteomics studies had been published to identify possible host factors that are affected during rsv replication. in order to obtain a comprehensive understanding of rsv-host interaction, we integrated available proteome and transcriptome ... | 2016 | 26760927 |
| prevalence of upper respiratory tract infections at a tertiary care hospital in the city of são paulo. | to evaluate the prevalence of pathogens in the upper respiratory tract according to age at a tertiary care hospital in the city of são paulo. | 2010 | 26760003 |
| [detection and clinical analysis of acute lower respiratory tract infection with human coronaviruses in children in beijing area 2007-2015]. | to investigate human coronaviruses (hcovs) infection in children with acute lower respiratory tract infection(alrti)and to explore the clinical features of alrti caused by hcovs in children. | 2015 | 26757973 |
| respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) disease - new data needed to guide future policy. | rsv is the main cause of childhood lower respiratory infections, globally, an important cause of childhood wheeze and may be responsible for a substantial burden of disease in the very elderly and in adults with chronic medical problems, such as copd. it is thus responsible for substantial healthcare and social costs. there are currently many companies and academic groups developing and testing candidate vaccines and there is an expectation that these will lead to effective and safe vaccines whi ... | 2015 | 26755941 |
| who informal consultation on surveillance of respiratory syncytial virus on the who global influenza surveillance and response system (gisrs) platform, 25–27 march 2015, geneva, switzerland. | 2016 | 26753193 | |
| phenotype and hierarchy of two transgenic t cell lines targeting the respiratory syncytial virus kdm282-90 epitope is transfer dose-dependent. | in this study, we compared two lines of transgenic cd8+ t cells specific for the same kdm282-90 epitope of respiratory syncytial virus in the cb6f1 hybrid mouse model. here we found that these two transgenic lines had similar in vivo abilities to control viral load after respiratory syncytial virus infection using adoptive transfer. transfer of the trbv13-2 line resulted in higher levels of il-6 and mip1-α in the lung than trbv13-1 transfer. interestingly, when large numbers of cells were co-tra ... | 2016 | 26752171 |
| analysis of antiviral properties of hexoral in vitro against some viruses that cause acute respiratory infections and herpes. | antiviral properties of hexoral (0.1% solution and 0.2% aerosol for local application) and its constituent hexetidine against viruses causing human respiratory tract infections and herpes virus were studied in vitro. it was found that non-cytotoxic concentrations of hexetidine (alone and as a component of hexoral) attenuated infectious properties of highly virulent influenza virus a/h5n1, pandemic influenza virus a/h1n1pdm, respiratory syncytial virus, and herpes simplex virus type 1 after a sho ... | 2016 | 26750930 |
| value of multiplex pcr to determine the bacterial and viral aetiology of pneumonia in school-age children. | conventional methods for the aetiological diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia (cap) are often insufficient owing to low sensitivity and the long wait for the results of culture and particularly serology, and it often these methods establish a diagnosis in only half of cases. | 2017 | 26750616 |
| the logistics and coordination of respiratory syncytial virus immunoprophylaxis use among us pediatric specialists. | this study was conducted to survey us pediatric specialists about administration of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) immunoprophylaxis, communication patterns among physicians and parents, and barriers to access. separate surveys were sent to neonatologists, pediatricians, pediatric pulmonologists, and pediatric cardiologists. most physicians (≥93.5%) routinely recommended immunoprophylaxis to high-risk children. most respondents (≥71.8%) reported that >50.0% of eligible infants and young child ... | 2016 | 26746004 |
| the role of influenza, rsv and other common respiratory viruses in severe acute respiratory infections and influenza-like illness in a population with a high hiv sero-prevalence, south africa 2012-2015. | viruses detected in patients with acute respiratory infections may be the cause of illness or asymptomatic shedding. | 2016 | 26741826 |
| comprehensive real-time epidemiological data from respiratory infections in finland between 2010 and 2014 obtained from an automated and multianalyte maripoc® respiratory pathogen test. | respiratory viruses cause seasonal epidemics every year. several respiratory pathogens are circulating simultaneously and typical symptoms of different respiratory infections are alike, meaning it is challenging to identify and diagnose different respiratory pathogens based on symptoms alone. maripoc® is an automated, multianalyte antigen test which allows the rapid detection of nine respiratory infection pathogens [influenza a and b viruses, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), human metapneumovi ... | 2016 | 26740322 |
| [research progress in membrane fusion of the respiratory syncytial virus]. | the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is one of the most common causes of acute infection of the lower respiratory tract among children. for viruses in the paramyxoviridae subfamily, membrane fusion requires a specific interaction between two glycoproteins: the fusion protein and attachment protein. membrane fusion of the rsv appears to be unique among paramyxoviruses in that fusion is accomplished by the fusion protein alone without help from the attachment protein. here, we review recent achie ... | 2015 | 26738297 |
| prospective clinical and serological follow-up in early childhood reveals a high rate of subclinical rsv infection and a relatively high reinfection rate within the first 3 years of life. | children encounter repeated respiratory tract infections during their early life. we conducted a prospective clinical and serological follow-up study to estimate the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) primary infection and reinfection rates in early childhood. sera were collected from 291 healthy children at the ages of 13, 24 and 36 months and antibody levels against rsv antigens were determined by enzyme immunoassay. the rt-pcr method was also used for identifying the possible presence of rsv i ... | 2016 | 26732801 |
| examination of neurological prognostic markers in patients with respiratory syncytial virus-associated encephalopathy. | no biomarker has been established as a prognostic indicator of acute encephalopathy associated with various etiological factors. in this study, we examined useful prognostic biomarkers in patients with acute encephalopathy associated with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. the subjects were 11 children with rsv-associated encephalopathy admitted to our hospital. we measured the levels of interleukin (il)-6, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (bdnf) and nitrogen oxide (no)x in cerebrospi ... | 2017 | 26732732 |
| human cathelicidin, ll-37, inhibits respiratory syncytial virus infection in polarized airway epithelial cells. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a major cause of severe lower respiratory tract illness in young children worldwide. treatment options for severe rsv disease remain limited and the development of therapeutic treatment strategies remains a priority. ll-37, a small cationic host defense peptide involved in anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial responses, reduces replication of or infection by multiple viruses, including influenza virus, in vitro, and protects against lethal challenge with infl ... | 2016 | 26732674 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection enhances pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm growth through dysregulation of nutritional immunity. | clinical observations link respiratory virus infection and pseudomonas aeruginosa colonization in chronic lung disease, including cystic fibrosis (cf) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. the development of p. aeruginosa into highly antibiotic-resistant biofilm communities promotes airway colonization and accounts for disease progression in patients. although clinical studies show a strong correlation between cf patients' acquisition of chronic p. aeruginosa infections and respiratory viru ... | 2016 | 26729873 |
| host immune response to histophilus somni. | histophilus somni is known to cause several overlapping syndromes or to be found in genital or upper respiratory carrier states in ruminants. vaccines have been used for decades, yet efficacy is controversial and mechanisms of protective immunity are not well understood. since h. somni survives phagocytosis, it has sometimes been considered to be a facultative intercellular parasite, implying that cell-mediated immunity would be critical in protection. however, h. somni not only inhibits phagocy ... | 2016 | 26728062 |
| outcomes of respiratory syncytial virus immunoprophylaxis in infants using an abbreviated dosing regimen of palivizumab. | 2016 | 26720836 | |
| identification of a human respiratory syncytial virus cell entry inhibitor by using a novel lentiviral pseudotype system. | lentiviral budding is governed by group-specific antigens (gag proteins) and proceeds in the absence of cognate viral envelope proteins, which has been exploited to create pseudotypes incorporating envelope proteins from nonlentiviral families. here, we report the generation of infectious lentiviral pseudoparticles incorporating human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) f protein alone (hrsv-fpp) or carrying sh, g, and f proteins (hrsv-sh/g/fpp). these particles recapitulate key infection steps o ... | 2015 | 26719246 |
| experimental evidence and molecular modeling of the interaction between hrsv-ns1 and quercetin. | human respiratory syncytial virus is one of the major causes of acute respiratory infections in children, causing bronchiolitis and pneumonia. non-structural protein 1 (ns1) is involved in immune system evasion, a process that contributes to the success of hrsv replication. this protein can act by inhibiting or neutralizing several steps of interferon pathway, as well as by silencing the hrsv ribonucleoproteic complex. there is evidence that quercetin can reduce the infection and/or replication ... | 2016 | 26718867 |
| contamination of healthcare workers' mobile phones by epidemic viruses. | mobile phones (mps) are potential reservoirs of nosocomial bacteria, but few data are available concerning viruses. we aimed to evaluate the presence of virus rna from epidemic viruses including metapneumovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, influenza viruses, rotavirus (rv) and norovirus on the mps used by healthcare workers (hcws) and to relate it to hygiene measures. an anonymous behavioural questionnaire about mp use at hospital was administered to the hcws of four adult and paediatric depart ... | 2016 | 26713553 |
| comparison of respiratory virus shedding by conventional and molecular testing methods in patients with haematological malignancy. | respiratory viruses (rv) are a leading cause of infection-related morbidity and mortality for patients undergoing treatment for cancer. this analysis compared duration of rv shedding as detected by culture and pcr among patients in a high-risk oncology setting (adult patients with haematological malignancy and/or stem cell transplant and all paediatric oncology patients) and determined risk factors for extended shedding. rv infections due to influenza virus, parainfluenza virus (piv), human meta ... | 2015 | 26711433 |
| efficacy of four commercially available multivalent modified-live virus vaccines against clinical disease, viremia, and viral shedding in early-weaned beef calves exposed simultaneously to cattle persistently infected with bovine viral diarrhea virus and cattle acutely infected with bovine herpesvirus 1. | to evaluate the efficacy of 4 commercially available multivalent modified-live virus vaccines against clinical disease, viremia, and viral shedding caused by bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) and bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv1) in early-weaned beef calves. | 2016 | 26709942 |
| trends in respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis hospitalizations in children less than 1 year: 2004-2012. | to analyze trends in health outcomes and the influence of risk factors in children under 1 year with acute bronchiolitis due to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv bronchiolitis). a risk-adjustment model for rsv bronchiolitis in-hospital mortality was also developed. | 2016 | 26709735 |
| synthesis and antiviral properties of novel indole-based thiosemicarbazides and 4-thiazolidinones. | a novel series of indolylthiosemicarbazides (6a-6g) and their cyclization products, 4-thiazolidinones (7a-7g), have been designed, synthesized and evaluated, in vitro, for their antiviral activity against a wide range of dna and rna viruses. compounds 6a, 6b, 6c and 6d exhibited notable antiviral activity against coxsackie b4 virus, at ec50 values ranging from 0.4 to 2.1 μg/ml. the selectivity index (ratio of cytotoxic to antivirally effective concentration) values of these compounds were betwee ... | 2016 | 26707844 |
| acute respiratory infections in children and adolescents with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. | knowledge regarding the incidence, clinical course, and impact of respiratory viral infections in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (all) is limited. | 2016 | 26700662 |
| etiology and factors associated with pneumonia in children under 5 years of age in mali: a prospective case-control study. | there are very limited data on children with pneumonia in mali. the objective was to assess the etiology and factors associated with community-acquired pneumonia in hospitalized children <5 years of age in mali. | 2015 | 26696249 |
| alcohol's effects on lung health and immunity. | it has long been known that people with alcohol use disorder (aud) not only may develop physical dependence but also may experience devastating long-term health problems. the most common and identifiable alcohol-associated health problems include liver cirrhosis, pancreatitis, cardiomyopathies, neuropathies, and dementia. however, the lung also is adversely affected by alcohol abuse, a fact often overlooked by clinicians and the public. individuals with aud are more likely to develop pneumonia, ... | 2015 | 26695745 |
| t cell responses are elicited against respiratory syncytial virus in the absence of signalling through tlrs, rlrs and il-1r/il-18r. | pattern recognition receptors (prrs) and cytokine receptors are key players in the initiation of immune responses to infection. prrs detecting viral rna, such as toll like receptor (tlr)-3, -7/8, and rig-i like receptors (rlrs; rig-i and mda-5), as well as cytokine receptors such as interleukin 1 receptor (il-1r), have been implicated in responses to rna viruses that infect the airways. the latter includes respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), a human pathogen that can cause severe lower respirator ... | 2015 | 26688048 |
| rsv-specific airway resident memory cd8+ t cells and differential disease severity after experimental human infection. | in animal models, resident memory cd8+ t (trm) cells assist in respiratory virus elimination but their importance in man has not been determined. here, using experimental human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection, we investigate systemic and local virus-specific cd8+ t-cell responses in adult volunteers. having defined the immunodominance hierarchy, we analyse phenotype and function longitudinally in blood and by serial bronchoscopy. despite rapid clinical recovery, we note surprisingly ... | 2015 | 26687547 |
| burden of respiratory syncytial virus infections in china: systematic review and meta-analysis. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most important cause of acute respiratory tract infection (arti) related morbidity and mortality worldwide. however, the disease burden due to rsv has not been systematically summarized in china. | 2015 | 26682049 |
| risk factors for respiratory syncytial virus associated with acute lower respiratory infection in children under five years: systematic review and meta-analysis. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most common pathogen identified in young children with acute lower respiratory infection (alri) as well as an important cause of hospital admission. the high incidence of rsv infection and its potential severe outcome make it important to identify and prioritise children who are at higher risk of developing rsv-associated alri. we aimed to identify risk factors for rsv-associated alri in young children. | 2015 | 26682048 |
| flt3 ligand improves the innate response to respiratory syncytial virus and limits lung disease upon rsv reexposure in neonate mice. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) causes severe bronchiolitis in infants worldwide. the immunological factors responsible for rsv susceptibility in infants are poorly understood. here, we used the balb/c mouse model of neonatal rsv infection to study the mechanisms leading to severe disease upon reexposure to the virus when adults. two major deficiencies in neonatal lung innate responses were found: a poor dcs mobilization, and a weak engagement of the ifni pathway. the administration of flt3 li ... | 2016 | 26681580 |
| human respiratory syncytial virus: role of innate immunity in clearance and disease progression. | human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) infections have worldwide records. the virus is responsible for bronchiolitis, pneumonia, and asthma in humans of different age groups. premature infants, young children, and immunocompromised individuals are prone to severe hrsv infection that may lead to death. based on worldwide estimations, millions of cases were reported in both developed and developing countries. in fact, hrsv symptoms develop mainly as a result of host immune response. due to inabi ... | 2016 | 26679242 |
| correction: molecular characterization of circulating respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) genotypes in gilgit baltistan province of pakistan during 2011-2012 winter season. | 2015 | 26678561 | |
| brief history and characterization of enhanced respiratory syncytial virus disease. | in 1967, infants and toddlers immunized with a formalin-inactivated vaccine against respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) experienced an enhanced form of rsv disease characterized by high fever, bronchopneumonia, and wheezing when they became infected with wild-type virus in the community. hospitalizations were frequent, and two immunized toddlers died upon infection with wild-type rsv. the enhanced disease was initially characterized as a "peribronchiolar monocytic infiltration with some excess in ... | 2015 | 26677198 |
| pulmonary c fibers modulate mmp-12 production via par2 and are involved in the long-term airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness induced by respiratory syncytial virus infection. | children with acute respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection often develop sequelae of persistent airway inflammation and wheezing. pulmonary c fibers (pcfs) are involved in the generation of airway inflammation and resistance; however, their role in persistent airway diseases after rsv is unexplored. here, we elucidated the pathogenesis of pcf activation in rsv-induced persistent airway disorders. pcf-degenerated and intact mice were used in the current study. airway inflammation and airway ... | 2015 | 26676790 |
| targeting innate immunity for antiviral therapy through small molecule agonists of the rlr pathway. | the cellular response to virus infection is initiated when pathogen recognition receptors (prr) engage viral pathogen-associated molecular patterns (pamps). this process results in induction of downstream signaling pathways that activate the transcription factor interferon regulatory factor 3 (irf3). irf3 plays a critical role in antiviral immunity to drive the expression of innate immune response genes, including those encoding antiviral factors, type 1 interferon, and immune modulatory cytokin ... | 2015 | 26676770 |
| antiviral benzofurans from eupatorium chinense. | eleven benzofuran dimers, (+)-dieupachinins a-e, (-)-dieupachinins a-e and dieupachinin f, a benzofuran trimer trieupachinin a, as well as seven known compounds were isolated from the roots of eupatorium chinense. the enantiomers of racemates dieupachinins a-e were separated by chiral hplc. the structures with absolute configurations were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic data, x-ray diffraction analysis, and circular dichroism experiments. the isolated compounds were evaluated for their ... | 2016 | 26675360 |
| revised recommendations concerning palivizumab prophylaxis for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). | respiratory syncytial virus infections are one of the leading causes of severe respiratory diseases that require hospitalization and, in some cases, intensive care. once resolved, there may be respiratory sequelae of varying severity. the lack of effective treatments for bronchiolitis and the lack of vaccines for rsv accentuate the role of prevention in decreasing the impact of this disease. prevention of bronchiolitis strongly relies on the adoption of environment and the hygienic behavior meas ... | 2015 | 26670908 |
| antiviral effect of emodin from rheum palmatum against coxsakievirus b5 and human respiratory syncytial virus in vitro. | viral infections are the major causes of morbidity and mortality in elderly people and young children throughout the world. the most common pathogens include coxsackie virus (cv) and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). however, no antiviral agents with low toxicity and drug resistance are currently available in clinic therapy. the present study aimed to examine the antiviral activities of emodin (an ingredient of rheum palmatum) against cvb5 and rsv infections, in an attempt to discover new antiv ... | 2015 | 26670446 |
| gs-5806 inhibits a broad range of respiratory syncytial virus clinical isolates by blocking the virus-cell fusion process. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a leading cause of lower respiratory tract infections in infants and young children. in addition, rsv causes significant morbidity and mortality in hospitalized elderly and immunocompromised patients. currently, only palivizumab, a monoclonal antibody against the rsv fusion (f) protein, and inhaled ribavirin are approved for the prophylactic and therapeutic treatment of rsv, respectively. therefore, there is a clinical need for safe and effective therapeutic ... | 2015 | 26666922 |
| oxidative stress and inflamatory plasma biomarkers in respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis. | oxidative stress (os) plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory lung diseases. | 2015 | 26663823 |
| direct inhibition of cellular fatty acid synthase impairs replication of respiratory syncytial virus and other respiratory viruses. | fatty acid synthase (fasn) catalyzes the de novo synthesis of palmitate, a fatty acid utilized for synthesis of more complex fatty acids, plasma membrane structure, and post-translational palmitoylation of host and viral proteins. we have developed a potent inhibitor of fasn (tvb-3166) that reduces the production of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) progeny in vitro from infected human lung epithelial cells (a549) and in vivo from mice challenged intranasally with rsv. addition of tvb-3166 to th ... | 2015 | 26659560 |
| respiratory syncytial virus uses cx3cr1 as a receptor on primary human airway epithelial cultures. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most frequent cause of lower respiratory disease in infants, but no vaccine or effective therapy is available. the initiation of rsv infection of immortalized cells is largely dependent on cell surface heparan sulfate (hs), a receptor for the rsv attachment (g) glycoprotein in immortalized cells. however, rsv infects the ciliated cells in primary well differentiated human airway epithelial (hae) cultures via the apical surface, but hs is not detectable on ... | 2015 | 26658574 |
| post-bronchiolitis use of asthma medication: a prospective 1-year follow-up study. | our aim was to evaluate the association between viral findings during bronchiolitis and the use of asthma controller medication (primary outcome) and systemic corticosteroids (secondary outcome) during the first post-bronchiolitis year. | 2016 | 26658529 |
| reduced expression of hla-dr on monocytes during severe respiratory syncytial virus infections. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a common cause of bronchiolitis in infants with a wide spectrum of disease severity. besides environmental and genetic factors, it is thought that the innate immune system plays a pivotal role. the aim of this study was to investigate the expression of immune receptors on monocytes and the in vitro responsiveness from infants with severe rsv infections. | 2016 | 26658377 |
| population-based analysis of bronchiolitis epidemiology in valencia, spain. | there is a lack of european epidemiologic population-based studies on bronchiolitis and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) bronchiolitis including both hospitalizations and primary care attendance. | 2016 | 26658376 |
| impact of meteorological factors on lower respiratory tract infections in children. | to evaluate retrospectively the relationship between meteorological factors in shenmu county, yulin city, shaanxi province, china and the incidence of lower respiratory tract infections in children. | 2016 | 26658270 |
| investigating the influence of ribavirin on human respiratory syncytial virus rna synthesis by using a high-resolution transcriptome sequencing approach. | human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) is a major cause of serious respiratory tract infection. treatment options include administration of ribavirin, a purine analog, although the mechanism of its anti-hrsv activity is unknown. we used transcriptome sequencing (rna-seq) to investigate the genome mutation frequency and viral mrna accumulation in hrsv-infected cells that were left untreated or treated with ribavirin. in the absence of ribavirin, hrsv-specific transcripts accounted for up to one ... | 2016 | 26656699 |
| protection against respiratory syncytial virus by inactivated influenza virus carrying a fusion protein neutralizing epitope in a chimeric hemagglutinin. | a desirable vaccine against respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) should induce neutralizing antibodies without eliciting abnormal t cell responses to avoid vaccine-enhanced pathology. in an approach to deliver rsv neutralizing epitopes without rsv-specific t cell antigens, we genetically engineered chimeric influenza virus expressing rsv f262-276 neutralizing epitopes in the globular head domain as a chimeric hemagglutinin (ha) protein. immunization of mice with formalin-inactivated recombinant chi ... | 2016 | 26656630 |
| mucosal igg levels correlate better with respiratory syncytial virus load and inflammation than plasma igg levels. | maternal vaccination is currently considered a strategy against respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections. in rsv-infected infants, high mucosal igg levels correlated better with reduced rsv load and lower mucosal cxcl10 levels than plasma igg levels. for future vaccination strategies against rsv, more focus should be on the mucosal humoral immune response. | 2015 | 26656116 |
| a sensitive surface-enhanced raman scattering enzyme-catalyzed immunoassay of respiratory syncytial virus. | respiratory viruses have become a major global health challenge which would benefit from advances in screening methods for early diagnosis. respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is one of the most important pathogen causing severe lower respiratory tract infections. here we present a novel surface-enhanced raman scattering (sers) enzyme-catalyzed immunoassay of rsv by employing peroxidase substrate 3, 3'-5, 5'-tetramethylbenzidine (tmb) as raman molecule. horseradish peroxidase (hrp) attached to the ... | 2016 | 26653454 |
| therapeutic potential of n-acetylcysteine for wound healing, acute bronchiolitis, and congenital heart defects. | wound healing is a composite and vital process in which devitalized tissue layers and cellular structures repair themselves. bronchiolitis is generally prompted by respiratory syncytial virus or human metapneumovirus; this condition is an acute inflammatory injury of bronchioles. heart problems that develop before birth are known as congenital heart defects (chds), and pregestational diabetes is considered a major predisposing factor of chds. n-acetylcysteine (nac) is a transformed kind of amino ... | 2016 | 26651980 |
| evaluation of case definitions for estimation of respiratory syncytial virus associated hospitalizations among children in a rural community of northern india. | the burden estimation studies for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) have been based on varied case definitions, including case-definitions designed for influenza surveillance systems. we used all medical admissions among children aged 0-59 months to study the effect of case definitions on estimation of rsv-associated hospitalizations rates. | 2015 | 26649172 |
| sendai virus as a backbone for vaccines against rsv and other human paramyxoviruses. | human paramyxoviruses are the etiological agents for life-threatening respiratory virus infections of infants and young children. these viruses, including respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), the human parainfluenza viruses (hpiv1-4) and human metapneumovirus (hmpv), are responsible for millions of serious lower respiratory tract infections each year worldwide. there are currently no standard treatments and no licensed vaccines for any of these pathogens. here we review research with which sendai ... | 2016 | 26648515 |
| retrospective phylogenetic analysis of circulating ba genotype of human respiratory syncytial virus with 60 bp duplication from new delhi, india during 2007-2010. | human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) is the most common viral pathogen of acute lower respiratory tract infection in infants and young children. the g protein of hrsv is the trans-membrane glycoprotein that is involved in the attachment of virion with the host cell. the nasopharyngeal aspirates were subjected to rt-pcr for the second hypervariable region of the g protein gene in the present investigation. sequencing and phylogenetic analysis revealed that all the study strains clustered with ... | 2015 | 26645038 |
| baculovirus vectors expressing f proteins in combination with virus-induced signaling adaptor (visa) molecules confer protection against respiratory syncytial virus infection. | baculovirus has been exploited for use as a novel vaccine vector. to investigate the feasibility and efficacy of recombinant baculoviruses (rbvs) expressing respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) fusion (f) proteins, four constructs (bac-tf/64, bac-cf, bac-cf/tf64 and bac-cf/tf64-visa) were generated. bac-tf64 displays the f ectodomain (tf) on the envelope of rbvs, whereas bac-cf expresses full-length f protein in transduced mammalian cells. bac-cf/tf64 not only displays tf on the envelope but also e ... | 2016 | 26643933 |
| genetic polymorphisms of toll-like receptor 4 are associated with respiratory syncytial virus infection in a chinese infant population. | while genetic polymorphisms in toll-like receptor 4 (tlr4) have been demonstrated to play an important role in respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections in western populations, the association between tlr4 polymorphisms and rsv infections has not been investigated in chinese patient populations. the study presented here identifies tlr4 polymorphisms and investigates the association of tlr4 genetic polymorphism with rsv infection in a chinese infant patient population. | 2015 | 26642699 |
| molecular mechanism of respiratory syncytial virus fusion inhibitors. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a leading cause of pneumonia and bronchiolitis in young children and the elderly. therapeutic small molecules have been developed that bind the rsv f glycoprotein and inhibit membrane fusion, yet their binding sites and molecular mechanisms of action remain largely unknown. here we show that these inhibitors bind to a three-fold-symmetric pocket within the central cavity of the metastable prefusion conformation of rsv f. inhibitor binding stabilizes this conf ... | 2016 | 26641933 |
| understanding respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) vaccine development and aspects of disease pathogenesis. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most important cause of lower respiratory tract infections causing bronchiolitis and some mortality in young children and the elderly. despite decades of research there is no licensed rsv vaccine. although significant advances have been made in understanding the immune factors responsible for inducing vaccine-enhanced disease in animal models, less information is available for humans. in this review, we discuss the different types of rsv vaccines and thei ... | 2016 | 26641318 |
| kinetics of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) memphis strain 37 (m37) infection in the respiratory tract of newborn lambs as an rsv infection model for human infants. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection in preterm and newborn infants can result in severe bronchiolitis and hospitalization. the lamb lung has several key features conducive to modeling rsv infection in human infants, including susceptibility to human strains of rsv such as the a2, long, and memphis strain 37 (m37). in this study, the kinetics of m37 infection was investigated in newborn lambs in order to better define clinical, viral, physiological, and immunological parameters as well as ... | 2015 | 26641081 |
| outcomes of influenza infections in hematopoietic cell transplant recipients: application of an immunodeficiency scoring index. | hematopoietic cell transplant (hct) recipients have lower immune response to influenza vaccination and are susceptible to lower respiratory tract infection (lri) and death. we determined clinical characteristics and outcomes of laboratory-confirmed influenza, including 2014/h3n2 infection, in 146 hct recipients. an immunodeficiency scoring index (isi) was applied to identify patients at high risk for lri and death. thirty-three patients (23%) developed lri and 7 (5%) died within 30 days of diagn ... | 2016 | 26638804 |