Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| infectious bronchitis virus vaccine interferes with the replication of avian pneumovirus vaccine in domestic fowl. | experiments were performed in chickens to ascertain whether application of infectious bronchitis (ib) h120 vaccine had an effect on the replication of an attenuated avian pneumovirus (apv) strain, using as indicators virus detection, humoral antibody responses and clinical protection against in vivo apv challenge. a preliminary experiment demonstrated that pharyngeal swabs were as efficient for recovery of apv as were buccal cavity swabs, and that either site was superior to swabbing the nasal c ... | 2001 | 19184905 |
| a nomenclature for avian coronavirus isolates and the question of species status. | currently, there is no agreed naming system for isolates of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), whose host is the domestic fowl (gallus gallus domesticus). a uniform, informative system for naming ibv isolates would be very helpful. furthermore, the desirability of a single naming system has become more important with the recent discoveries that coronaviruses with genome organizations and gene sequences very similar to those of ibv have been isolated from turkeys (meleagris gallopavo) and pheasan ... | 2001 | 19184884 |
| detection of infectious bronchitis virus in experimentally infected chickens by an antigen-competitive elisa. | an antigen-competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ag-c-elisa) was developed for the detection of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) antigens, m41 strain, in tissues from experimentally infected chickens, or in allantoic fluid harvested from inoculated embryonated eggs. the detection limit of ibv in the ag-c-elisa was 10(4.1) median embryo infective doses (eid(50))/well. tracheal and lung samples from chickens vaccinated with 10(2.5) eid(50) of live attenuated infectious bronchitis (h120) ... | 2001 | 19184876 |
| use of reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism to examine the interaction between infectious bronchitis virus strains massachusetts 41 and jmk in ovo. | the reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (rtpcr-rflp) technique has been developed and used in the serotype diagnosis of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) infection. in this report, we first demonstrate that the rt-pcr-rflp was sensitive in detecting both massachusetts 41 (mass 41) and jmk strains of ibv singly; the detection limit for both was approximately 0.15ng viral rna using gel electrophoresis. subsequently, the ability of the technique ... | 2000 | 19184836 |
| turkey coronavirus is more closely related to avian infectious bronchitis virus than to mammalian coronaviruses: a review. | turkey coronavirus (tcov) is the cause of an acute highly contagious enteric disease of turkeys. in recent years, tcov has been increasingly recognized in north america as an important pathogen of young turkeys, resulting in economic loss due to impaired growth and poor feed conversion. while the epidemiology and pathogenesis of tcov have been extensively studied, tcov remains one of the least characterized of the known coronaviruses. avian and mammalian coronaviruses have been subdivided into d ... | 2000 | 19184806 |
| detection of infectious bronchitis virus. | the detection methods for infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) are reviewed. advantages and disadvantages of available techniques of ibv detection by virus isolation, antigen or genome detection, and serology are discussed. factors of influence on the level of success in detection of ibv after a disease outbreak are discussed, as are the possibilities and dangers of strain classification by protectotyping, serotyping, epitope-typing and genotyping. | 2000 | 19184793 |
| crystal structures of the x-domains of a group-1 and a group-3 coronavirus reveal that adp-ribose-binding may not be a conserved property. | the polyproteins of coronaviruses are cleaved by viral proteases into at least 15 nonstructural proteins (nsps). consisting of five domains, nsp3 is the largest of these (180-210 kda). among these domains, the so-called x-domain is believed to act as adp-ribose-1''-phosphate phosphatase or to bind poly(adp-ribose). however, here we show that the x-domain of infectious bronchitis virus (strain beaudette), a group-3 coronavirus, fails to bind adp-ribose. this is explained on the basis of the cryst ... | 2009 | 19177346 |
| effects of infectious bronchitis virus vaccine on the oviduct of hens. | in australia, currently, all pullets reared for egg production are vaccinated with live attenuated strains of infectious bronchitis virus. various vaccines and protocols to control this viral disease have been developed, although the severity of the disease varies from place to place and flock to flock. in the present trial, the effects of vaccine strains a3 and vic s on the oviduct of laying hens were assessed by histopathology, electron microscopy, serology and also by determining the presence ... | 2009 | 19174178 |
| isolation of 4/91 type of infectious bronchitis virus as a new variant in japan and efficacy of vaccination against 4/91 type field isolate. | among field isolates of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) from recent outbreaks, some isolates that were classified into the 4/91 genotype, by analysis of the s1 gene, have been confirmed to be a new variant in japan. to elucidate the characteristics of these isolates, pathogenicity in chicks and the efficacy of vaccines against this new variant were examined. severe respiratory symptoms were observed in 4-day-old specific pathogen free chicks inoculated with a 4/91 genotype isolate, either jp/w ... | 2008 | 19166052 |
| infectious bronchitis virus in the chicken harderian gland and lachrymal fluid: viral load, infectivity, immune cell responses, and effects of viral immunodeficiency. | we compared detection of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) by quantitative rt-pcr (qrt-pcr) in tears and trachea of ibv-infected chickens and found that quantitative detection of ibv rna in tears is more sensitive than in tracheal homogenates. furthermore, we demonstrated that ibv contained in chicken lachrymal fluid is infectious and that tears of ibv-infected chickens can be used to infect naive chickens. we compared the immune responses to ibv in the harderian gland and cecal tonsils of immun ... | 2008 | 19166051 |
| backyard chicken flocks pose a disease risk for neotropic birds in costa rica. | pathogens of free-ranging chickens create a risk of disease for wild birds, some of which migrate to the united states, as well as potential economic losses for resource-poor farmers. free-roaming backyard chickens are commonly kept in shade-grown coffee plantations, habitats that attract large numbers of wild birds. the husbandry and pathogen prevalence of backyard chicken flocks in san luis, costa rica, were investigated. based on serologic evidence, newcastle disease virus, infectious laryngo ... | 2008 | 19166045 |
| induction of eggshell apex abnormalities by mycoplasma synoviae: field and experimental studies. | a novel eggshell pathology, characterized by an altered shell surface, thinning, increased translucency, and cracks and breaks in the eggshell apex, has become increasingly common in layer flocks of various breeds in the netherlands. two field studies found an association between the eggshell apex abnormalities (eaa) and infection with mycoplasma synoviae. m. synoviae was isolated from the oviduct of birds that produced abnormal eggs, but not from birds in control flocks, although both affected ... | 2009 | 19156584 |
| comparative analysis of the sialic acid binding activity and the tropism for the respiratory epithelium of four different strains of avian infectious bronchitis virus. | avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is a major pathogen in commercial poultry flocks. we recently demonstrated that sialic acid serves as a receptor determinant for ibv on the tracheal epithelium. here we compared the ibv strains beaudette, 4/91, italy02, and qx for their sialic acid-binding properties. we demonstrate that sialic acid binding is important for the infection of primary chicken kidney cells and the tracheal epithelium by all four strains. there were only slight differences betw ... | 2009 | 19156578 |
| existence of avian infectious bronchitis virus with a european-prevalent 4/91 genotype in japan. | eight isolates of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) were obtained from various prefectures in japan during 2003-2007 and were genetically analyzed by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) coupled with direct sequencing. these ibv isolates were classified into three genetic groups, including two that have already been reported (jp-i and jp-iii). the remaining group is related to the 4/91 (also known as 793/b) type, prevalent mainly in european countries, and has not been identi ... | 2008 | 19122402 |
| complete genomic sequence analysis of infectious bronchitis virus ark dpi strain and its evolution by recombination. | an infectious bronchitis virus arkansas dpi (ark dpi) virulent strain was sequenced, analyzed and compared with many different ibv strains and coronaviruses. the genome of ark dpi consists of 27,620 nucleotides, excluding poly (a) tail, and comprises ten open reading frames. comparative sequence analysis of ark dpi with other ibv strains shows striking similarity to the conn, gray, jmk, and ark 99, which were circulating during that time period. furthermore, comparison of the ark genome with oth ... | 2008 | 19102764 |
| identification of taiwan and china-like recombinant avian infectious bronchitis viruses in taiwan. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) infections in poultry cause great economic losses to the poultry industry worldwide. the emergence of viral variants complicates disease control. the ibv strains in taiwan were clustered into two groups, taiwan group i and taiwan group ii, based on the s1 gene. a variant was previously identified and showed a distinct s1 gene homology with other local strains. this study investigated the 3' 7.3 kb genome of eight taiwan strains isolated from 1992 to 2007. the ge ... | 2009 | 19100792 |
| pathogenicity of infectious bronchitis virus isolates from ontario chickens. | infectious bronchitis (ib) is one of the important viral diseases of chickens, and in spite of regular vaccination, ib is a continuous problem in canadian poultry operations. in an earlier study using sentinel chickens we determined the incidence of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) in ontario commercial layer flocks. the objective of this study was to determine the pathogenicity of 5 nonvaccine-related ibv isolates recovered from the sentinel birds. the clinical signs, gross, and histological l ... | 2008 | 19086372 |
| infectious bronchitis virus induces acute interferon-gamma production through polyclonal stimulation of chicken leukocytes. | infectious bronchitis virus, a member of the coronaviridae, is a respiratory pathogen in poultry. we found that in vitro stimulation with ibv resulted in chifn-gamma production in splenocytes of both infected birds and uninfected birds. the non-specific stimulation did not occur when other avian viruses or other coronaviruses were used or when mammalian cells were stimulated with ibv. inactivation of ibv reduced chifn-gamma production, but chifn-gamma remained elevated compared to unstimulated c ... | 2009 | 19070879 |
| isolation and propagation of coronaviruses in embryonated eggs. | the embryonated egg is a complex structure comprising an embryo and its supporting membranes (chorioallantoic, amniotic, yolk). the developing embryo and its membranes provide the diversity of cell types that are needed for successful replication of a wide variety of different viruses. within the family coronaviridae, the embryonated egg has been used as a host system primarily for two group 3 coronaviruses, infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) and turkey coronavirus (tcov), but it also has been sh ... | 2008 | 19057881 |
| generating antibodies to the gene 3 proteins of infectious bronchitis virus. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), a group 3 coronavirus, produces three proteins (ibv e, ibv 3a, and ibv 3b) from subgenomic mrna 3 during infection. ibv e, a viral envelope protein, plays a role in virus budding, possibly by altering membrane morphology at the virus assembly site. in addition to this role, ibv e may also function as a viroporin, although no data from infected cells have confirmed this possibility definitively. conversely, the ibv 3a and ibv 3b proteins are nonstructural protei ... | 2008 | 19057877 |
| generation of recombinant coronaviruses using vaccinia virus as the cloning vector and stable cell lines containing coronaviral replicon rnas. | coronavirus reverse genetic systems have become valuable tools for studying the molecular biology of coronavirus infections. they have been applied to the generation of recombinant coronaviruses, selectable replicon rnas, and coronavirus-based vectors for heterologous gene expression. here we provide a collection of protocols for the generation, cloning, and modification of full-length coronavirus cdna using vaccinia virus as a cloning vector. based on cloned coronaviral cdna, we describe the ge ... | 2008 | 19057873 |
| transient dominant selection for the modification and generation of recombinant infectious bronchitis coronaviruses. | we have developed a reverse genetics system for the avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) in which a full-length cdna corresponding to the ibv genome is inserted into the vaccinia virus genome under the control of a t7 promoter sequence. vaccinia virus as a vector for the full-length ibv cdna has the advantage that modifications can be introduced into the ibv cdna using homologous recombination, a method frequently used to insert and delete sequences from the vaccinia virus genome. ... | 2008 | 19057872 |
| rt-pcr detection of avian coronaviruses of galliform birds (chicken, turkey, pheasant) and in a parrot. | of the many primer combinations that we have investigated for the detection of avian coronaviruses, two have worked better than any of the others: they worked with the largest number of strains/samples of a given coronavirus and the most species of avian coronavirus, and they also produced the most sensitive detection tests. the primer combinations were: oligonucleotide pair 2bp/4bm, which is in a region of gene 1 that is moderately conserved among all species of coronavirus (1); and utr11-/utr4 ... | 2008 | 19057865 |
| the preparation of chicken tracheal organ cultures for virus isolation, propagation, and titration. | chicken tracheal organ cultures (tocs), comprising transverse sections of chick embryo trachea with beating cilia, have proved useful in the isolation of several respiratory viruses and as a viral assay system, using ciliostasis as the criterion for infection. a simple technique for the preparation of chicken tracheal organ cultures in glass test tubes, in which virus growth and ciliostasis can be readily observed, is described. | 2008 | 19057860 |
| formation of stable homodimer via the c-terminal alpha-helical domain of coronavirus nonstructural protein 9 is critical for its function in viral replication. | coronaviruses devote more than three quarters of their coding capacity to encode two large polyproteins (1a and 1ab polyproteins), which are proteolytically processed into 15-16 mature, nonstructural replicase proteins (nsp1 to 16). these cleavage products are believed to play essential roles in replication of the giant rna genome of approximately 30 kb and transcription of a nested set of 5 to 9 subgenomic rna species by a unique discontinuous transcription mechanism. in this report, one of the ... | 2009 | 19022466 |
| qx genotypes of infectious bronchitis virus circulating in europe. | 2008 | 19011250 | |
| progression of lesions in the respiratory tract of broilers after single infection with escherichia coli compared to superinfection with e. coli after infection with infectious bronchitis virus. | the progression of escherichia coli lesions was studied in the respiratory tract of 4-week-old commercial broilers. lesions were induced after a single intratracheal e. coli infection, and after an infection with e. coli preceded 5 days earlier by an oculo-nasal and intratracheal infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) infection of either the virulent m41 strain or the h120 vaccine strain. trachea, lung and thoracic airsac lesions were examined macroscopically and microscopically. tissue samples were ... | 2009 | 19004507 |
| crystal structures of two coronavirus adp-ribose-1''-monophosphatases and their complexes with adp-ribose: a systematic structural analysis of the viral adrp domain. | the coronaviruses are a large family of plus-strand rna viruses that cause a wide variety of diseases both in humans and in other organisms. the coronaviruses are composed of three main lineages and have a complex organization of nonstructural proteins (nsp's). in the coronavirus, nsp3 resides a domain with the macroh2a-like fold and adp-ribose-1"-monophosphatase (adrp) activity, which is proposed to play a regulatory role in the replication process. however, the significance of this domain for ... | 2009 | 18987156 |
| course of infection and immune responses in the respiratory tract of ibv infected broilers after superinfection with e. coli. | colibacillosis results from infection with avian pathogenic escherichia coli bacteria. healthy broilers are resistant to inhaled e. coli, but previous infection with vaccine or virulent strains of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) predisposes birds for severe colibacillosis. the aim of this study was to investigate how ibv affects the course of events upon infection with e. coli. broilers were inoculated with ibv h120 vaccine virus or virulent m41 and challenged 5 days later with e. coli 506. a ... | 2009 | 18976820 |
| comparative analysis of complete genome sequences of three avian coronaviruses reveals a novel group 3c coronavirus. | in this territory-wide molecular epidemiology study of coronaviruses (covs) in hong kong involving 1,541 dead wild birds, three novel covs were identified in three different bird families (bulbul cov hku11 [bucov hku11], thrush cov hku12 [thcov hku12], and munia cov hku13 [mucov hku13]). four complete genomes of the three novel covs were sequenced. their genomes (26,396 to 26,552 bases) represent the smallest known cov genomes. in phylogenetic trees constructed using chymotrypsin-like protease ( ... | 2009 | 18971277 |
| lna probe-based real-time rt-pcr for the detection of infectious bronchitis virus from the oviduct of unvaccinated and vaccinated laying hens. | in the present study, lna-probe based real-time pcr was designed for the detection and absolute quantification of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) from the oviduct of unvaccinated and vaccinated hens after ibv challenge. using a recombinant plasmid standard, the detection limit of the reaction was found to be 10 copies and independent assay runs showed reproducible ct values. amongst the unvaccinated hens, the virus could be detected between 6 and 20 days post-infection (p.i.), with a peak of v ... | 2009 | 18955085 |
| transmissibility of infectious bronchitis virus h120 vaccine strain among broilers under experimental conditions. | the aim of this study was to quantify transmission of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) h120 vaccine strain among broilers, and to assess whether birds that have been exposed to vaccine strain-shedding birds were protected against clinical signs after infection with a virulent strain of the same serotype. a transmission experiment and a replicate were carried out, each with six groups of commercial broilers. at day of hatch (n = 30) or at 15 days of age (n = 20), half of each group was inoculate ... | 2008 | 18939636 |
| the immunoreactivity of a chimeric multi-epitope dna vaccine against ibv in chickens. | epitope-based vaccines designed to induce cellular immune response and antibody responses specific for infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) are being developed as a means for increasing vaccine potency. in this study, we selected seven epitopes from the spike (s1), spike (s2), and nucleocapsid (n) protein and constructed a multi-epitope dna vaccine. the 7-day-old chickens were immunized intramuscularly with multi-epitope dna vaccine encapsulated by liposome and boosted two weeks later, and were cha ... | 2008 | 18840402 |
| pathogenicity of a qx strain of infectious bronchitis virus in specific pathogen free and commercial broiler chickens, and evaluation of protection induced by a vaccination programme based on the ma5 and 4/91 serotypes. | the aims of this study were firstly to evaluate the pathogenicity of an italian isolate of the qx strain of infectious bronchitis (ib) virus using 1-day-old female specific pathogen free chicks (layer type) and 1-day-old female commercial broiler type chickens, and secondly to assess the level of protection induced in these birds by a vaccination programme including the ib massachusetts and 4/91 serotype live attenuated vaccines. unvaccinated birds showed clinical signs of varying severity, pred ... | 2008 | 18798022 |
| characterization and membrane gene-based phylogenetic analysis of avian infectious bronchitis virus chinese strain hh06. | a chinese isolate of avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) designated hh06 was isolated from the kidney tissues of a chicken flock experiencing an outbreak of nephritis. in vivo pathogenicity of the ibv isolate hh06 was determined by inoculating specific pathogen-free (spf) chickens. the clinical signs and related gross lesions of hh06 infected chickens were similar with those of the field-infected chickens. spf embryonated eggs were inoculated with virus suspension for serial passage and thei ... | 2009 | 18792774 |
| the combined influence of age of embryo and temperature and duration of incubation on the replication and yield of avian infectious bronchitis (ib) virus in the developing chick embryo. | two experiments were undertaken to investigate the combined influence of the age of embryo at infection and the temperature and duration of incubation on the replication and yield of the beaudette strain of ib virus lin allantoic fluid and the chorio allantoic membrane. in general a higher titre of virus was found in the allantoic fluid and chorioallantoic membrane of living embryos than of dead ones and with continued incubation of dead embryos the titre of virus fell still further. for embryos ... | 1973 | 18777405 |
| a virus neutralization screening test: its limitations in classifying field isolates of infectious bronchitis virus. | a virus neutralization screening test using a 1:5 serum dilution of known antisera against approximately 100 embryo infective doses50 of an unknown virus was used to classify field isolates of infectious bronchitis virus. such a test will detect the major antigen and antibody relationships. the weakness of a screening test is that it does not quantitatively measure the minor antigen-antibody relationships between strains which would be essential to develop a classification scheme for infectious ... | 1973 | 18777389 |
| the survival of infectious bronchitis (ib) virus in water. | observations on the survival of infectious bronchitis virus in 3 mains waters showed that it survived for a much shorter period in one of them which contained a relatively high content of copper (0.2 mg/1). other factors adversely affecting survival were 5 ppm of free residual chlorine and increase in temperature over the range of 20-35 degrees c. survival of virus was prolonged in the presence of 0.1% w/v powdered skim milk (psm), 1,0% w/v poultry mash, 1,0% w/v fresh poultry droppings, rust an ... | 1973 | 18777388 |
| dropped egg production, soft shelled and shell-less eggs associated with appearance of precipitins to adenovirus in flocks of laying fowls. | two outbreaks of dropped egg production and production of soft shelled and shell-less eggs are described. the outbreaks were selected from a larger number of flocks with similar problems in the field. the drop in egg production was closely correlated with the appearance of precipitins to adenovirus in the laying birds. birds were also infected with mycoplasma synoviae. a number of other infectious causes of production problems could be excluded in these outbreaks. in particular infectious bronch ... | 1976 | 18777355 |
| observations on the effects of the h52 and h120 vaccine strains of infectious bronchitis virus in the domestic fowl. | the pathogenicity of h120 and h52 infectious bronchitis vaccine viruses was compared in one-day-old and 12-weeks-old chickens. both viruses produced moderate respiratory symptoms. both were also nephrotropic but whereas h52 was accompanied by gross and microscopic kidney changes, which probably accounted for the mortality which occurred, h120 produced no change in the kidney and no mortality. both viruses caused gross and microscopic changes in the bursa of fabricius. | 1976 | 18777342 |
| preliminary evaluation of the haemagglutination and haemagglutination inhibition tests for avian infectious bronchitis virus. | four of the 9 strains of infectious bronchitis virus which were concentrated and treated with phospholipase c type 1 showed haemagglutination activity. these strains, holte, massachusetts 41 (m41), h120 and connecticut, were distinguishable by the haemagglutination inhibition (hi) test but showed much closer relationships than could be detected by the plaque reduction (pr) test. the four haemagglutinating strains were used to compare the hi and pr titres of 17 anti sera prepared against referenc ... | 1976 | 18777337 |
| changes in the harderian gland of the chicken following conjunctival and intranasal infection with infectious bronchitis virus in one- and 20-day-old chickens. | three days after conjunctival and intranasal infection with ib vaccine virus a great increase in the number of plasma cells together with an increase in vascularization was observed in the stroma of the harderian gland of chickens vaccinated either at one day of age or 20 days old. from 7 days to 21 days after vaccination a pronounced formation of follicles occurred which were composed of lymphocytes. birds exposed to diluted allantoic fluid showed a limited increase of plasma cells only; follic ... | 1976 | 18777328 |
| [differentiation of haemophilus strains isolated from chickens. iii. pathogenicity tests in chickens]. | pathogenicity tests of 6 isolates of the haemophilus-group i (h. paragallinarum) and 8 isolates of the haemophilus-group ii isolated from chickens in the federal german republic and one strain of h. parainfluenzae isolated from man were carried out in 6-week old spf-chickens. infectious coryza (coryza contagiosa gallinarum) could be produced in chickens with all strains of group i after experimental inoculation and by contact exposure. at necropsy 3 weeks post inoculation (p.i.) organisms of gro ... | 1975 | 18777310 |
| the histopathogenesis of the nephrosis-nephritis syndrome. | chickens were infected with the australian t-strain of infectious bronchitis virus. histologically the disease started as a mild tracheo-bronchitis, accompanied by severe degenerative changes of the renal epithelia and marked inflammatory changes in the intertubular interstitium of renal cortex and medulla and in the propria and submucosa of the ureters and the main collecting ducts. there was a good correlation between the sequence of clinical signs and pathophysiological changes of the disease ... | 1974 | 18777251 |
| a chromatographic strip test for rapid detection of one lineage of the h5 subtype of highly pathogenic avian influenza. | a rapid immune colloidal gold test strip for detecting 1 lineage of the h5 subtype of highly pathogenic avian influenza was developed based on membrane chromatography with monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against hemagglutinin (ha) of the h5 subtype of avian influenza virus (aiv). bagg albino c mice that were immunized with aiv a/goose/guangdong/3/96(h5n1) yielded 4 hybridomas secreting mabs (1a6, 1b8, 3c4, and 8f6) specific for ha. monoclonal antibody 3c4 was conjugated with colloidal gold as the d ... | 2008 | 18776087 |
| viral nucleolar localisation signals determine dynamic trafficking within the nucleolus. | localisation of both viral and cellular proteins to the nucleolus is determined by a variety of factors including nucleolar localisation signals (nolss), but how these signals operate is not clearly understood. the nucleolar trafficking of wild type viral proteins and chimeric proteins, which contain altered nolss, were compared to investigate the role of nolss in dynamic nucleolar trafficking. three viral proteins from diverse viruses were selected which localised to the nucleolus; the coronavi ... | 2008 | 18775548 |
| the response of the harderian gland of the fowl to antigen given by the ocular route. ii. antibody production. | after ocular administration to young chickens of sheep erythrocytes (srbc), newcastle disease virus (ndv), infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) or mycoplasma gallisepticum, homologous antibody was detected in serum and in saline extracts of harderian glands. parenteral immunisation with srbc or ndv stimulated moderately high serum antibody titres but did not evoke a measurable antibody response by the harderian gland. | 1979 | 18770464 |
| effects on biological properties of embryo-adapted beaudette strain of infectious bronchitis virus of passage through chick embryo trachea organ culture. | two substrains derived from an uncloned 71st embryo (e71) passage and a cloned 71st embryo-10th chick embryo kidney cell (e71cek10) passage of the beaudette strain of avian infectious bronchitis virus were back-passaged through organ cultures of chick embryo trachea. the organ culture-passaged viruses had altered biological properties such as absence of or delayed lethality for chick embryos and lack or diminution of plaque-forming ability in chick embryo kidney monolayers but they showed no cle ... | 1979 | 18770459 |
| immunosuppressive effect of infectious bursal disease virus on vaccination against infectious bronchitis. | groups of broiler chicks hatched with parental antibodies to infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) and infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) were vaccinated against ibv at 1 day of age via the oculonasal routes and inoculated with virulent ibdv at 1, 5, 10, 15 or 20 days of age. while the non-ibdv inoculated birds were solidly immune against ibv challenge at an age of 29 days, immunity in the ibdv infected birds was depressed. this depression, which was most serious in the birds ibdv inoculated at ... | 1979 | 18770430 |
| the response of the harderian gland of the fowl to antigen given by the ocular route. i. histological changes. | during a study of local immunity in the fowl, histological examination was made of the harderian and lachrymal glands after eye-drop application of sheep erythrocytes (srbc), or live vaccine strains of newcastle disease virus (ndv) and infectious bronchitis virus (ibv). as judged by counts of lymphoid foci and russell body (rb-containing cells each treatment resulted in heightened lymphoid activity and increase in plasma cell numbers in both glands. however, the changes were more apparent in the ... | 1979 | 18770429 |
| studies on the antigenic relationship between an isolate (127) from the egg drop syndrome 1976 and a fowl adenovirus. | birds infected with fowl adenovirus type 1 (fav-1) developed precipitating antibody to fav-1 but not to haemagglutinating virus 127 isolated from flocks with a depressed egg production syndrome. once the precipitating antibody to fav-1 was no longer detectable, the birds were then infected with 127 virus. they developed precipitating and haemagglutination-inhibiting antibody to 127 virus. they also developed precipitating antibody to the adenovirus group antigen. birds infected only with 127 vir ... | 1978 | 18770415 |
| organ culture in avian virology: a review. | a review has been made of the applications of organ culture techniques in studies with viruses associated with avian disease. after a brief historical introduction, the discussion has been confined to viruses which relate directly to disease in domestic poultry, and has not included viruses which primarily affect man and other animals. the literature reviewed concerns a number of the recognised families of viruses, including poxviridae, herpetoviridae, adenoviridae, orthomyxoviridae, paramyxovir ... | 1978 | 18770387 |
| histopathological changes in the oviduct of hens producing shell-less eggs associated with precipitins to adenovirus. | histopathological changes in oviducts of laying hens which produced shell-less eggs associated with the presence of precipitins to adenovirus appeared to be limited to the uterus (shell-gland). changes could not be seen macroscopically. microscopically extensive atrophy of the glandular tissue, oedema and infiltration by plasma cells and lymphocytes in the uterine villi were observed. the changes are compared with those described for infectious bronchitis virus infection. | 1978 | 18770379 |
| observations on experimental infection of chicks with escherichia coli. | a study was made of the pathogenesis of colibacillosis in chicks in order to develop a reproducible model for the induction of the disease by inoculation. in experimental infections with escherichia coli (e. coli), serotype 026k60 was pathogenic only during the first week of age, whereas serotype 078k80 caused lesions during the first 3 weeks. natural resistance against e. coli occurred after 1 and 3 weeks respectively. chicks were much more susceptible to intratracheal than to oral inoculation. ... | 1978 | 18770374 |
| serological studies on flocks showing depressed egg production. | a serological investigation was undertaken of flocks with depressed egg production. no obvious correlation was found between antibody to adenovirus, infectious bronchitis virus or infectious bursal disease virus and this syndrome. no antibody was detected to newcastle disease virus, mycoplasma gallisepticum or in most cases to mycoplasma synoviae. a relationship was found between the development of antibody to a haemagglutinating virus, 127, and depressed egg production. a retrospective survey o ... | 1977 | 18770349 |
| incidence of pasteurella haemolytica in the respiratory tract of apparently healthy chickens and chickens with infectious bronchitis. characterisation of 213 strains. | the tracheal flora of healthy chickens consisted mainly of gram-positive microorganisms. a shift to a predominantly gram-negative flora, mainly due to escherichia, was observed in chickens with respiratory symptoms caused by infectious bronchitis. most of the chickens in which e. coli formed a predominant part of the tracheal flora also showed a positive serological reaction to mycoplasma gallisepticum. a raised incidence of pasteurella haemolytica with increase in age was noted both with regard ... | 1977 | 18770338 |
| the agar-gel precipitin response to the h120 and h52 vaccines of infectious bronchitis virus. | the respiratory and agar-gel precipitin response of chickens to h120 and h 52 vaccines of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) were studied. on aerosol exposure of 3-weeks-old chicks to h120, slight respiratory symptoms were observed in 30% while 70% produced precipitins. eleven-weeks-old chicks inoculated intratracheally with h52 alone showed severe symptoms and 100% produced precipitins. similar birds previously vaccinated with h120 showed no symptoms on challenge with h52 but 55% produced precip ... | 1977 | 18770322 |
| [respiratory diseases of the fowl:principles of histopathological diagnosis]. | groups of specific pathogen free chickens were inoculated with five strains of newcastle disease virus, one strain of adenovirus, four strains of infectious bronchitis virus, one strain of mycoplasma gallisepticum and with infectious bronchitis virus together with mycoplasma gallisepticum. lungs and tracheas were taken at regular intervals for histopathological examination. a diagnosis could be based on tracheal lesions at different periods of their development. newcastle disease was distinguish ... | 1977 | 18770313 |
| influence of maternal antibodies on vaccination of chicks of different ages against infectious bronchitis. | in chicks from immune hens levels of antibody to infectious bronchitis (ibv) measured by the neutralisation test (ni values) decreased linearly with age. in 1-day-old chicks ni values were high, whereas they were zero in 30-days-old birds. vaccination of 1-day-old chicks with high ni values by the conjunctival and intranasal routes with h 120 vaccine virus resulted 4 weeks later in an immunity that was as good as that obtained by vaccination of 20- and 15-days-old birds with lower levels of mate ... | 1977 | 18770311 |
| procedures for the haemagglutination and the haemagglutination inhibition tests for avian infectious bronchitis virus. | various aspects of production, storage and stability of the haemagglutination (ha) activity of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) were studied. from the results obtained, a standard procedure for the production of ibv, ha and the ha and haemagglutination inhibition (hi) tests is suggested. the main points of the suggested procedure are: (1) the virus should be concentrated but not purified; (2) the virus should be treated with phospho-lipase c type 1 (plc), at a final concentration of one unit/ml ... | 1977 | 18770308 |
| vaccination of 1-day-old broilers against infectious bronchitis by eye drop application or coarse droplet spray and the effect of revaccination by spray. | broilers hatched with maternal antibodies against infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) had developed protective immunity by 3 weeks after vaccination by the conjunctival route with h120 vaccine virus at 1-day-old. immunity was still present when birds were 7 weeks old. following vaccination of similar 1-day-old chicks by the same route by a coarse droplet spray, immunity developed more slowly; 50% of the 3-week-old birds developed clinical and/or pathological changes typical of infectious bronchiti ... | 1980 | 18770291 |
| effect of the removal of the harderian gland in 1-day-old chicks on immunity following ib vaccination. | after removal of the harderian gland in 1-day-old chicks (hx birds), protective immunity to infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) was decreased 3 weeks after vaccination with the h120 strain of ibv. protective immunity was measured by challenge. the decreased protection was not reflected in the neutralisation indices of the hx birds. in contrast, the mean neutralisation index was higher in the hx birds than in the vaccinated controls. the role of the lachrymal gland in the development of immunity to ... | 1980 | 18770290 |
| an inverse age resistance of chicken kidneys to infectious bronchitis virus. | ten-fold serial dilutions of the h52 vaccine strain of infectious bronchitis virus were inoculated intravenously into 3-week-old and 10-week-old chickens. the severity of the histological lesions in the kidney was graded and described. the younger birds were much more resistant to the nephritogenic effects of the virus. although very small doses of virus caused nephritis, no marked dose-related response was demonstrated in either age group. | 1980 | 18770264 |
| assessment of cross-immunity dm chickens to strains of avian infectious bronchitis virus using tracheal organ cultures. | a method is described of assessing cross-immunity in chickens afforded by strains of avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), by observing the presence or absence of ciliary activity in tracheal explants prepared from chickens following challenge. chickens inoculated with the h120 vaccine strain were challenged intra-tracheally 3 weeks later with the homologous strain or one of seven heterologous strains of ibv. vaccinated chickens were protected against challenge by the homologous strain (h120) ... | 1980 | 18770255 |
| an investigation of urolithiasis in two flocks of laying fowls. | urolithiasis and kidney disease as causes of significant mortality in fowls were investigated in two flocks of commercial laying birds on farms where outbreaks had occurred previously. the investigation, covering the first 10-11 months of egg production, included macroscopic and histological examination of individual cases of the disease, biochemical studies on blood samples collected at regular intervals from marked birds and the analysis of feed samples taken at the same time. the aetiology an ... | 1980 | 18770235 |
| field observations on serological responses to vaccine strains of infectious bronchitis virus administered by coarse spray and via the drinking water. | the agar gel precipitin (agp) and haemagglutination inhibition (hi) responses to vaccination with infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) were investigated in three flocks. the vaccines were administered by coarse spray in one large flock of commercial layers and via the drinking water in two smaller flocks of broiler breeders. in two flocks, one vaccinated by coarse spray and one vaccinated via the drinking water, the chicks had high levels of maternal antibody and failed to respond serologically to ... | 1982 | 18770219 |
| [evaluation of post-vaccinal immunity against infectious bronchitis in chickens reared conventionally: comparative study of four serological techniques]. | four tests (agar gel precipitin, seroneutralisation alpha, seroneutralisation beta, and haemagglutination-inhibition) were used to detect antibodies to avian infectious bronchitis from 3 weeks to 40 weeks of age in four breeder flocks which were given four different vaccination programmes against infectious bronchitis. during the rearing period to 20-22 weeks of age, birds were kept on the ground in isolation. then, most of them were housed conventionally during the laying period except for 25 b ... | 1982 | 18770185 |
| a study on the synthesis and secretion of immunoglobulins by the jarderian gland of the fowl after eyedrop vaccination against infectious bronchitis at 1-day-old. | one-day-old chickens with maternally derived antibodies to infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) were vaccinated against ib by eye-drop. at 2 and 3 weeks of age the synthesis of immunoglobulins of the iga isotype in the harderian gland was demonstrated by immunofluorescence. with an anti igg conjugate diffuse fluorescence of igg was observed in the gland at 2, 3 and 4 weeks of age. involvement of the harderian gland in the synthesis or the secretion of igm after ib vaccination could not be demonstra ... | 1982 | 18770173 |
| immunity following vaccination with the h120 strain of infectious bronchitis virus via the drinking water. | administration of the h120 vaccine strain of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) via the drinking water caused mild respiratory symptoms in six out of 57 susceptible 3-week-old chickens and 45 became positive to the agar gel precipitin (agp) test for ib. this was associated with complete protection against subsequent intratracheal challenge with the h52 strain of ibv at 11 weeks of age. the vigorous agp response to h120 recorded here in susceptible birds contrasts with previous reports of failure ... | 1981 | 18770143 |
| active and passive immunisation against nephritis induced by an avian infectious bronchitis virus. | intranasal vaccination with the h120 strain of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) produced serum neutralisation indices of three or more in nine out of 12 birds. this afforded complete protection against intravenous challenge with the nephritogenic h52 strain of ibv and prevented the multiplication of virus in the kidney. passive immunisation with homologous convalescent serum protected the kidney but not the respiratory tract against similar challenge. the frequency of virus isolations from the ... | 1981 | 18770131 |
| study on the local effect of eye-drop vaccination against infectious bronchitis in 1-day-old chicks with maternal antibodies. | one-day-old chicks with maternal antibodies to infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) were vaccinated by eye-drop with h120 vaccine strain of ibv. four weeks later the chicks were challenged by eye-drop or intratracheally with virulent ibv (massachusetts-type field strain). the chicks were resistant to ocular challenge, but highly susceptible to an intratracheal challenge. after intratracheal challenge the birds showed clinical signs of infectious bronchitis (ib). the immunofluorescence test on ibv w ... | 1981 | 18770125 |
| comparative studies with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for antibodies to avian infectious bronchitis virus. | an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was used to detect igg class-specific antibodies to avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) in chickens. the technique detected specific antibody with a high degree of sensitivity and was more sensitive than neutralisation or haemagglutination-inhibition methods of antibody assay. the possible application of the technique for diagnosis and research on ibv is discussed. | 1981 | 18770117 |
| complete genome sequence analysis of a predominant infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) strain in china. | infectious bronchitis (ib) is one of the major diseases in poultry flocks all over the world caused by infectious bronchitis virus (ibv). in the study, the complete genome sequence of strain a2 was sequenced and analyzed, which was a predominant ibv strain in china. the results indicated that there were mutations, insertions, and deletions distributed in the whole genome. the a2 virus had the highest identity to s14 and bj in terms of full genome, whereas had a further distance to massachusetts ... | 2009 | 18770015 |
| pathogenesis of infectious bronchitis nephritis. 2. studies of water and electrolyte balance in colostomised chickens. | water and electrolyte balance was examined throughout the course of an experimental infection with t strain infectious bronchitis virus in colostomised chickens. significant losses of water and negative sodium and potassium balances were observed. the major change in the electrolyte balance was the increased output of sodium in urine and this was associated with a diuresis. a decrease in food intake was the most important contribution to the negative potassium balance. death resulted from acute ... | 1985 | 18766944 |
| a clearance test to assess protection in chickens vaccinated against avian infectious bronchitis virus. | a clearance test is described that is designed as a model for the quantitative assessment of protection in chickens vaccinated against avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv). this is based on the ability of a vaccinating strain to have induced within 3 weeks an immunity sufficient to inhibit the replication of a challenge strain in the upper respiratory tract by the 4th day subsequent to challenge. a median protective dose (pd50) was determined for each of 4 vaccinating strains (h120, h52, d41 ... | 1985 | 18766943 |
| comparison of the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), haemagglutination inhibition test and agar gel precipitation test for detection of antibodies to avian infectious bronchitis virus. | the immune response after vaccination with infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) under field conditions was measured by the elisa, haemagglutination-inhibition (hi) and agar-gel precipitin (agp), tests. vaccinations were performed in three flocks and one experimental group via the drinking water with the vaccine strains h 120 and h 52. in each flock 40 random serum samples were taken every 2 weeks and tested individually. in the experimental group blood samples were collected every week from each of ... | 1985 | 18766934 |
| relationship between several criteria of challenge-immunity and humoral immunity in chickens vaccinated with avian infectious bronchitis vaccines. | several methods were compared for assessing the immunity of chickens vaccinated with avian-infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) by observing tracheal ciliary activity, respiratory signs and virus recovery from several organs following challenge with virus which had not been passaged in embryos. all chickens vaccinated twice with live kita-1 strain were protected according to all criteria. however, in chickens vaccinated with killed ibv and with h-120 strain 13 weeks earlier, respiratory signs were ... | 1985 | 18766913 |
| infectious bronchitis in laying hens: interference with response to emulsion vaccine by attenuated live vaccine. | pullet chicks were reared in isolation; all except a control group were variously vaccinated against infectious bronchitis. individual haemagglutination inhibition (hi) antibody responses were measured from 1 day to 38 weeks old when all birds were challenged with virulent infectious bronchitis virus, and egg production recorded for a further 5 week period. in the controls hi titres remained low until challenge: this caused a loss of 15.1 eggs/hen. in birds injected with oil emulsion killed vacc ... | 1985 | 18766895 |
| the classification of new serotypes of infectious bronchitis virus isolated from poultry flocks in britain between 1981 and 1983. | between 1981 and 1983 10 isolations of infectious bronchitis (ib) virus were made from broiler chickens with respiratory infection and five from breeder chickens showing aberrant egg production. one isolate was serologically similar to an ib virus isolated in england in 1976; the remainder were related to three of the four serotypes of ib virus first isolated in the netherlands (davelaar et al., 1981). neutralising antibody to each of the four dutch serotypes of ib virus was widespread in the se ... | 1984 | 18766883 |
| induction of humoral neutralising and haemagglutination-inhibiting antibody by the spike protein of avian infectious bronchitis virus. | the spike (s), membrane (m) and nucleocapsid (n) proteins of avian infectious bronchitis virus strain m41 (ibv-m41) were separated by sucrose gradient sedimentation after dissociation of the virus by non-ionic detergent. groups of four chickens were inoculated intramuscularly with 20 microg of s, m or n in freund's complete adjuvant and at 4 and 7 weeks later with 20 microg, of s, m or n protein in freund's incomplete adjuvant. chickens were bled at 4, 7, 10 and 13 weeks after the first vaccinat ... | 1984 | 18766869 |
| concurrence of nephrosis-nephritis due to infectious bronchitis virus and infectious bursal disease in broiler chickens. | a condition showing nephrosis-nephritis caused by infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) and atrophy of the bursa of fabricius attributable to infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) occurred with a mortality rate of 6.4%, 7.4% and 8.5% in young broiler chickens in three flocks on a poultry farm. eighteen birds from the outbreaks were studied histologically and ultra-structurally. nephrosis-nephritis appeared initially as degenerative changes of the convoluted tubules, followed by inflammatory reactio ... | 1984 | 18766836 |
| confirmation of the presence of avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) using cloned dna complementary to the 3' terminus of the ibv genome. | a hybridisation test has been developed to aid the identification of virus isolates as avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) when serum neutralisation tests have proved inadequate. in this test nucleic acid prepared from four recent virus isolates suspected of being ibv hybridised with a 32p-radiolabelled cloned cdna (complementary dna) probe complementary to rna from ibv strain beaudette. since these strains represent one or more new serotypes they had not been identified by neutralisation te ... | 1984 | 18766825 |
| immunity following inoculation of the h120 and h52 vaccine strains of infectious bronchitis virus into the crop of the domestic fowl. | the serological responses and protection associated with inoculation of the hi20 and h52 vaccine strains of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) into the trachea and directly into the crop of chickens were compared. intratracheal inoculation at 3 weeks of age with hi20 resulted in the moderate log2 haemagglutination inhibition (hi) titres of 6, previously found to be characteristic of this highly attenuated vaccine strain of ibv. more than 80% of these birds gave a positive reaction to the agar gel ... | 1983 | 18766795 |
| presence of viral antigens and antibody in the trachea of chickens infected with avian infectious bronchitis virus. | following infection of chickens with infectious bronchitis virus (strain m41) viral antigens were detected by immunofluorescence in the basal layer of the tracheal mucosal epithelium for 44 days. the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) first detected virus-specific antibody in tracheal washes 7 days after infection and at 10 days these antibodies reached a level that was maintained for at least 44 days, although there was considerable variation between chickens. in contrast a neutralisatio ... | 1983 | 18766789 |
| effects of avian viruses on cultured chicken bone-marrow-derived macrophages. | cultured chicken bone-marrow-derived macrophages have been assayed for their susceptibility to infection with various avian viruses. three criteria of infection were employed: (1) virus-induced alterations in cell morphology ; (2) presence of intracellular viral antigens detectable by immunofluorescence; (3) kinetics of virus release by infected macrophages. macrophages proved to be resistant to marek's disease virus (mdv), herpesvirus of turkeys (hvt-fc126), infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) an ... | 1983 | 18766776 |
| routine virus isolation or detection in the diagnosis of diseases in birds. | between august 1986 and july 1987, 373 submissions for laboratory diagnosis of suspected virus diseases of birds were received. in 116 cases (31%) viruses were isolated or detected, consisting of 25 reo-viruses, 17 rotaviruses, 14 adenoviruses plus demonstration of haemorrhagic enteritis virus antigen in the spleens of 15 birds, eight pox-viruses, 19 duck enteritis herpesviruses and six other avian herpes-viruses, four duck hepatitis viruses, six other enterovirus-like isolates, two duck astrovi ... | 1988 | 18766750 |
| the induction and control of delayed type hypersensitivity reactions induced in chickens by infectious bronchitis virus. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) was shown to induce delayed type hypersensitivity (dth) reactions in the wattle, or to inhibit migration in a macrophage migration inhibition test (mit) in sensitised birds. the magnitude of the reactions was related to the sensitising dose of the virus. the optimal dose for the cold attenuated a3-ibv was 10(3 .5) eid50, higher doses giving lower responses. birds given a similar dose of t-ibv had negative dth reactions, but the spleen non-adherent lymphocytes fr ... | 1988 | 18766694 |
| infectious bronchitis in laying hens: the relationship between haemagglutination inhibition antibody levels and resistance to experimental challenge. | in three separate and unrelated experiments, in which vaccinated hens were challenged with virulent infectious bronchitis virus, the ability of individual hens to maintain egg production was related to their serum haemagglutination inhibition antibody titre at the time of challenge. it was found that, regardless of the vaccination programme used, the ability of laying hens to withstand infectious bronchitis virus challenge, as measured by the effect upon their egg production, is directly related ... | 1988 | 18766692 |
| serological classification of recent infectious bronchitis virus isolates by the neutralization of immunofluorescent foci. | the neutralisation of immunofluorescent foci test was adapted to the grouping of 14 recent dutch infectious bronchitis virus isolates. this test provides a distinct grouping of the isolates and the corresponding sera. evaluation of the tests was carried out by means of the computer program called 'taxonomic', designed for the calculation of taxonomic order from serological data. the taxonomic order, depicted in the form of a tree, facilitates the judgement of the degree of resemblance between vi ... | 1988 | 18766673 |
| comparison of the haemagglutination inhibition test and the serum neutralisation test in tracheal organ cultures for typing infectious bronchitis virus strains. | five strains of infectious bronchitis (ib) virus, which had been compared antigenically by the serum neutralisation (sn) test in tracheal organ cultures (oc), were arbitrarily coded and then compared by the haemagglutination inhibition (hi) test. their antigenic relationships were found to be similar by the two methods but, because of the high and variable cross reactions found in the hi test, the differences between the strains were less clear by that method. it was concluded that the hi test, ... | 1987 | 18766638 |
| maternally-derived antibody to infectious bronchitis virus: its detection in chick trachea and serum and its role in protection. | chicks with maternally-derived igg antibodies to infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) were protected against challenge with a mixture of ibv and escherichia coli. this protective immunity lasted for at least 1 week. ibv-specific igg was detected, using an elisa, in the majority of tracheal washes taken from chicks aged 1 day and 1 week that had been hatched from ibv-infected hens. some of the 2-week-old chicks also had detectable antibody. this tracheal igg may be an important factor in mediating p ... | 1987 | 18766630 |
| the detection of cytotoxic lymphocyte activity in chickens infected with infectious bronchitis virus or fowl pox virus. | a cytotoxic lymphocyte assay, using cells that adhered to plastic as the target cells and neutral red as the indicator for lysis, was applied to chickens infected with either infectious bronchitis virus or fowl pox virus. both target and effector cells were derived from the same bird. cytotoxic lymphocytes were generated in birds infected with either virus. the activity was confined to cells of the spleen after initial immunisation, but could be detected in white cells from the blood after chall ... | 1987 | 18766629 |
| coronavirus ibv: relationships among recent european isolates studied by limited proteolysis of the virion glycopolypeptides. | after the year 1978, strains of avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) were isolated in the netherlands and the uk which were assigned by neutralisation tests to four new serotypes (arbitrarily designated a, b, c and d in this communication) distinct from the long recognised us serotypes. we have labelled, with 35s-methionine, the structural polypeptides of 12 of the european isolates during growth in de-embryonated eggs. the s2, spike-anchoring, polypeptide of isolates of all four serotypes ha ... | 1987 | 18766585 |
| the detection of specific igm to infectious bronchitis virus in chicken serum using an elisa. | an elisa is reported for the detection of specific igm to infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) in serum samples from ibv-infected chickens. both igm and igg antibodies to a heterologous, as well as to a homologous, strain could be detected by the elisa. the igm response was both rapid and transient, suggesting that its detection could be used as a means of identifying a recent ibv infection. because igg appeared to compete successfully with igm for sites on the viral antigen, it was found necessary ... | 1986 | 18766544 |
| immunohistochemical detection of infectious bursal disease and infectious bronchitis viral antigens in fixed, paraffin-embedded chicken tissues. | immunoperoxidase and immunofluorescent techniques were used to detect and localise infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) and infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) in fixed, paraffin-embedded chicken tissues. a modified bouin's solution (9 parts of 1% picric acid to 1 part of 10% neutral buffered formalin and 5% acetic acid) proved to be the fixative of choice. tissues fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin showed heavy background staining, whereas enzyme treatment of these tissues succeeded in expo ... | 1986 | 18766540 |
| isolation, characterisation and preliminary cross-protection studies with a new pathogenic avian infectious bronchitis virus (strain pl-84084). | virological 1 examination of a severe infectious bronchitis (ib)-like field case in laying hens, led to the isolation of a coronavirus antigenically different from massachusetts, connecticut and four dutch ib variant strains. the virulence of the isolate for the fowl, and its dual tropism for the respiratory and genital tracts were demonstrated. in preliminary cross-protection studies commercial vaccines did not protect against challenge with this isolate. these points and the possible economic ... | 1986 | 18766539 |
| newly isolated serotypes of infectious bronchitis virus: their role in disease. | the pathogenicity of isolates of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) made from broiler or breeder flocks in britain between 1981 and 1983, together with three made from flocks of commercial laying hens during 1984, has been investigated. when 11-day-old ibv-free chicks were challenged with these ibv isolates, together with a pool of pathogenic strains of e. coli, some mortality was recorded, together with a high incidence of morbidity. three ibv isolates, when given to groups of ibv-free brown-egg ... | 1986 | 18766511 |
| the isolation and characterisation of six avian infectious bronchitis viruses isolated in morocco. | the first isolation and characterisation of infectious bronchitis (ib) viruses from poultry flocks in morocco are reported. five isolates designated d, e, f, h and m were related serologically to the massachusetts serotype, while the sixth, isolate g, was found to be different from any previously reported serotype of ib virus. neutralising antibodies to isolate g have been detected in sera collected from commercial flocks in britain, although the virus has not been isolated. while all six isolat ... | 1986 | 18766508 |
| purification, crystallization and preliminary crystallographic analysis of avian infectious bronchitis virus nsp3 adrp domain. | avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) encodes 15 nonstructural proteins (nsps) which play crucial roles in rna transcription and genome replication. one of them, nsp3, contains an adrp (adenosine diphosphate-ribose-1'-phosphatase) domain which was revealed in recent studies to have adp-ribose-1'-monophosphatase (appr-1'-pase) activity. appr-1'-pase catalyzes the conversion of adp-ribose-1'-monophosphate (appr-1'-p) to adp-ribose in the trna-splicing pathway. the gene segment encoding the ibv n ... | 2008 | 18765908 |
| serosurvey of five viruses in chickens on smallholdings in bangladesh. | a serologic survey was undertaken in chickens in smallholdings in bangladesh for avian influenza a virus (aiv), egg drop syndrome '76 virus (eds'76v), infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), newcastle disease virus (ndv) and reovirus (rv) in three phases: january 2002-may 2003, september 2003-august 2004, and august 2005-march 2006. four hundred thirty-six sera collected in the 2nd phase, 295 in the first phase, 755 in the 1st plus 2nd phases and 295 in the 1st phase were investigated for aiv, eds'76 ... | 2009 | 18723236 |