Publications

immunogenic domains of hepatitis delta virus antigen: peptide mapping of epitopes recognized by human and woodchuck antibodies.	hepatitis delta virus (hdv) is a defective rna virus which is dependent on hepatitis b virus for essential helper functions. only a single highly basic phosphoprotein, hdv antigen (hdag), is expressed by the hdv genome during infection in humans. antibody directed to hdag is important in the diagnosis of hdv infection, and it is likely but not yet proven that the immune response to hdag provides significant protection against subsequent exposures to hdv. in an effort to map the antigenic domains ...	1990	1689390
molecular mimicry between a uveitopathogenic site of s-antigen and viral peptides. induction of experimental autoimmune uveitis in lewis rats.	s-antigen (s-ag) is a well characterized 45,000 m.w. photoreceptor cell protein. when injected into susceptible animal species, including primates, it induces an experimental autoimmune uveitis, a predominantly t cell-mediated autoimmune disease of the retina and uveal tract of the eye, and of the pineal gland. in this study we found an amino acid sequence homology between a uveitopathogenic site of s-ag, several viral proteins and one additional nonviral protein. an experimental autoimmune uvei ...	1990	1689349
persistent reduction of b virus (herpesvirus simiae) seropositivity in rhesus macaques acquired for a study of renal allograft tolerance.	one hundred and two rhesus macaques were used in a study of renal allograft tolerance. each animal was monitored serologically more than one time to determine its b virus (herpesvirus simiae) antibody status. the follow-up period for some individuals was 3 years, extending from 1986 to 1989. the accumulated test results eventually provided an opportunity to retrospectively support a contention that a small research colony of rhesus macaques could become and remain b virus seronegative if the ani ...	1991	1667193
a functional hepatitis b virus x protein produced in insect cells.	we have constructed a recombinant baculovirus from autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus, called acx, that expresses the gene encoding the hepatitis b virus x protein in infected spodoptera frugiperda (sf21ae) insect cells. a 16.5-kda monomer and a 33-kda dimer of the x protein were detected in extracts from acx-infected cells on immunoblots using a polyclonal anti-x antibody. the biological activity of the insect cell-produced x protein was assayed by fusing acx-infected sf21ae cell ...	1991	1660211
herpesvirus simiae (b virus) antibody response and virus shedding in experimental primary infection of cynomolgus monkeys.	four cynomolgus monkeys (macaca fascicularis) were inoculated in the lips and tongues with b virus. virus shedding and antibody responses were monitored for up to 50 days postinfection. virus was isolated from the oral cavities of all monkeys at 6 days postinfection despite the absence of observable lesions. virus was not isolated from genital swabs or serum. antibodies to both b virus and herpes simplex virus were detected by neutralization between days 8 and 12. virus-specific igm and igg anti ...	1991	1658484
immunological evaluation of the multiple antigen peptide (map) system using the major immunogenic site of foot-and-mouth disease virus.	the multiple antigenic peptide (map) system for presenting epitopes to the immune system has been studied with an immunogenic foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv) peptide comprising amino acids 141-160 of protein vp1. neutralizing antibody responses known to protect guinea-pigs against challenge infection were obtained with a single inoculation of 0.8-4 micrograms of peptide, presented as an octamer or a tetramer, whereas 20 micrograms of a dimer were required to evoke a similar level of antibody ...	1991	1652552
[hepatitis b virus and hepatocellular carcinoma].	hepatocellular carcinomas in woodchuck were characterized for woodchuck hepatitis virus integration near c-myc oncogene. in one tumor, viral integration resulted in overexpression of a c-myc viral cotranscript. in a second tumor, viral insertion, 600 bp upstream of c-myc exon 1, was associated with increased levels of normal c-myc mrna. these results demonstrate that integration of woodchuck hepatitis virus near a proto-oncogene can contribute to the genesis of liver tumors. from a comparison of ...	1991	1650625
development of immunogenic recombinant oka varicella vaccine expressing hepatitis b virus surface antigen.	recombinant oka varicella vaccine expressing hepatitis b virus (hbv) surface antigen (hbs) was constructed by inserting the hbs gene into the viral thymidine kinase (tk) gene and was examined for its immunogenicity in guinea-pigs. the hbs gene encoding 25 amino acids of pres2 and the whole of the s region was inserted into the tk gene of the cloned plasmid. the chimeric plasmid dna and oka varicella vaccine dna were cotransfected and recombinant virus was isolated after immunofluorescence screen ...	1991	1646279
full-length and truncated versions of the hepatitis b virus (hbv) x protein (px) transactivate the cmyc protooncogene at the transcriptional level.	the products of the human hepatitis b virus (hbv) and woodchuck hepatitis b virus x genes (pxs) transactivate homologous and heterologous genes including the hbv-x and core promoters, the human immunodeficiency viruses 1 (hiv-1) and 2 (hiv-2) long terminal repeats and the beta interferon regulatory sequences. we report here that px is also able to influence the expression of both extrachromosomal transfected c-myc regulatory sequences and endogenous c-myc gene. px acts by increasing transcriptio ...	1991	1645550
effects of 2'-fluorinated arabinosyl-pyrimidine nucleosides on duck hepatitis b virus dna level in serum and liver of chronically infected ducks.	the 2'-fluorinated arabinosyl-pyrimidine nucleosides, 1-(2'-deoxy-2'-fluoro-beta-d-arabinofuranosyl)-5-iodocytosine (fiac) and 1-(2'-deoxy-2'-fluoro-beta-d-arabinofuranosyl)-5-methyluracil (fmau), are new antiviral compounds with in vitro inhibitory activity against the dna polymerase of hepadnaviruses. those compounds also induced permanent inhibition of viral replication in woodchucks chronically infected by woodchuck hepatitis virus. the effects of these antiviral compounds were assessed in d ...	1992	1629711
spliced rna of woodchuck hepatitis virus.	polymerase chain reaction was used to investigate rna splicing in liver of woodchucks infected with woodchuck hepatitis virus (whv). two spliced species were detected, and the splice junctions were sequenced. the larger spliced rna has an intron of 1300 nucleotides, and the smaller spliced sequence shows an additional downstream intron of 1104 nucleotides. we did not detect singly spliced sequences from which the smaller intron alone was removed. control experiments showed that spliced sequences ...	1992	1604814
frequent amplification of c-myc in ground squirrel liver tumors associated with past or ongoing infection with a hepadnavirus.	persistent infection with hepatitis b virus (hbv) is a major cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc) in humans. hcc has also been observed in animals chronically infected with two other hepadnaviruses: ground squirrel hepatitis virus (gshv) and woodchuck hepatitis virus (whv). a distinctive feature of whv is the early onset of woodchuck tumors, which may be correlated with a direct role of the virus as an insertional mutagen of myc genes: c-myc, n-myc, and predominantly the woodchuck n-myc2 retr ...	1992	1570307
human immunodeficiency virus type 1 major neutralizing determinant exposed on hepatitis b surface antigen particles is highly immunogenic in primates.	hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) produced by recombinant dna technology is now widely and safely used worldwide for hepatitis b vaccination. we used the hbsag particle as a carrier molecule for presentation of selected human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) determinants to the immune system. immunization of rhesus monkeys with an hbsag chimera carrying the hiv-1 envelope major neutralizing determinant allowed us to generate proliferative t-cell responses and, in some cases, neutralizing ...	1992	1548782
assembly of hepatitis delta virus particles.	hepatitis delta virus (hdv) is a subviral satellite of hepatitis b virus (hbv). since the rna genome of hdv can replicate in cultured cells in the absence of hbv, it has been suggested that the only helper function of hbv is to supply hbv coat proteins in the assembly process of hdv particles. to examine the factors involved in such virion assembly, we transiently cotransfected cells with various hepadnavirus constructs and cdnas of hdv and analyzed the particles released into the medium. we rep ...	1992	1548764
the precore gene of the woodchuck hepatitis virus genome is not essential for viral replication in the natural host.	a number of naturally occurring hepatitis b virus mutants that cannot synthesize the virus precore protein have been identified. such mutants have been associated with more severe forms of hepatitis, including fulminant hepatitis. the most common mutation observed is a substitution of g to a in the distal precore gene that converts a codon specifying trp (tgg) to a termination codon (tag). using oligonucleotide-directed mutagenesis, we have produced the same point mutation in the precore gene of ...	1992	1501300
effects of phyllanthus plant extracts on duck hepatitis b virus in vitro and in vivo.	the effects of extracts of five australian phyllanthus species (p. hirtellus, p. gunnii, p. gasstroemii, p. similis and p. tenellus), other plant extracts and the antiviral drug foscarnet on duck hepatitis b virus (dhbv) endogenous dna polymerase (dnap) activity were compared. all 5 phyllanthus species caused 50% inhibition at concentrations of dry weight between 350-800 micrograms/ml, which is comparable with the effect described for p. amarus on the dnap of human and woodchuck hepatitis b viru ...	1992	1416905
altered glycosylation of alpha-fetoprotein in hepadnavirus-induced hepatocellular carcinoma of the woodchuck.	altered glycosylation of alpha-fetoprotein (afp) has been proposed as a marker of hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc) in humans. the lectin-binding properties of woodchuck afp were investigated to determine if woodchuck hepatitis virus (whv)-induced hccs are also accompanied by changes in afp glycosylation. ninety-eight to 100% of the afp from normal, whv-free woodchucks with physiologic afp elevations and from whv-carrier woodchucks with hcc bound to concanavalin a, indicating that virtually all of ...	1992	1373341
hepatitis b virus envelope l protein particles. synthesis and assembly in saccharomyces cerevisiae, purification and characterization.	the hepatitis b virus envelope gene encodes three transmembrane proteins in frame; s, the product of s gene; m, the product of m (pre-s2 + s) gene; and l, the product of l (pre-s1 + pre-s2 + s) gene. unlike the s and m proteins, attempts to efficiently synthesize l proteins and assemble them into l protein particles in various eukaryotic cells have been unsuccessful, probably because of the presence of the pre-s1 peptide with an unknown function which appears to be inhibitory to the host secreto ...	1992	1370486
activation of b virus (herpesvirus simiae) in chronically immunosuppressed cynomolgus monkeys.	three of 14 cynomolgus monkeys given the highest dose of an immunosuppressive drug in a 6-month toxicology study developed b virus (herpesvirus simiae) oral lesions after 3 months of dosing. this necessitated early removal of all high-dose monkeys from the study due to concerns related to b virus. the incidence and severity of parasitic (oesphagostomum sp.) lesions of the large intestine were also increased in high-dose animals. both b virus and oesophagostomum are enzootic in macaques, and the ...	1992	1351111
pharmacokinetics and metabolism of racemic 2',3'-dideoxy-5-fluoro-3'-thiacytidine in rhesus monkeys.	2',3'-dideoxy-5-fluoro-3'-thiacytidine (ftc) is a nucleoside analog that selectively inhibits human immunodeficiency and hepatitis b viruses in vitro. in this study, the preclinical pharmacokinetics of racemic ftc in rhesus monkeys following intravenous and oral administration were characterized. the terminal half-life of ftc was independent of the route of administration and averaged 1.34 +/- 0.18 h (mean +/- standard deviation). total clearance of ftc was moderate to high, averaging 1.49 +/- 0 ...	1992	1336946
the role of hepatitis b virus in the development of primary hepatocellular carcinoma: part i.	chronic infections with hepatitis b virus (hbv) of humans and animal hepadnavirus infections in their natural hosts are strongly associated with primary hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc). although viral integrations are found in cells of many hcc, no general viral-specific hepatocarcinogenic mechanism for hepadnaviruses has been identified. in approximately one half of hcc in woodchuck hepatitis virus (whv) infected woodchucks, viral integrations near the c-myc or n-myc genes have been reported whi ...	1992	1336678
mammalian hepatitis b viruses and primary liver cancer.	hepatitis b virus is a major etiologic agent in the development of human hepatocellular carcinoma, but the precise role of the virus in the tumorigenic process is still unclear. recent studies of naturally occurring animal models, such as woodchucks and squirrels infected with hepatitis b-like viruses (hepadnaviruses) have revealed different oncogenic strategies and outlined the predominant role of myc genes in rodent hepatomas. higher oncogenicity of woodchuck hepatitis virus has been correlate ...	1992	1335794
an attempt to eradicate herpesvirus simiae from a rhesus monkey breeding colony.	in the fall of 1987 an attempt to establish a herpesvirus simiae (b-virus)-negative rhesus monkey (macaca mulatta) breeding colony was initiated at the armstrong laboratory. a serologic testing program was used to identify all monkeys into groups that were either positive or negative to b-virus based on serologic tests. segregation of the groups allowed the creation of breeding harems that were exclusively seropositive or -negative to b-virus. animals that were serologically positive were kept i ...	1992	1334170
cells transfected with human interleukin 6 cdna acquire binding sites for the hepatitis b virus envelope protein.	earlier studies revealed that human interleukin 6 (il-6) contains recognition sites for the hepatitis b virus (hbv) envelope (env) protein, and that il-6 and anti-il-6 antibodies, respectively, inhibited the interaction of cells expressing a receptor for hbv with the pres(21-47) segment of the hbv env protein, encompassing the complementary attachment site for il-6. this suggested that il-6 mediates hbv-cell interactions. we report that: (a) chinese hamster ovary cells transfected with human il- ...	1992	1334115
hepadnavirus integration: mechanisms of activation of the n-myc2 retrotransposon in woodchuck liver tumors.	in persistent hepadnavirus infections, a distinctive feature of woodchuck hepatitis virus (whv) is the coupling of frequent viral integrations into myc family genes with the rapid onset of primary liver tumors. we have investigated the patterns of whv dna insertion into n-myc2, a newly identified retroposed oncogene, in woodchuck hepatomas resulting from either natural or experimental infections. in both cases, integrated viral sequences were preferentially associated with the n-myc2 locus. in m ...	1992	1323693
relationship between superoxide dismutase (sod) and viral liver diseases.	immunohistochemical evaluation of cu, zn- and mn-superoxide dismutase (sod) activity in various viral liver diseases was performed by the peroxidase-conjugated antibody indirect method. anti-human cu, zn-sod (rabbit) and anti-human mn-sod (guinea-pig) derived and purified from sod of human erythrocytes and placentas were used to determine sod distribution in liver tissues. sod in the liver tissues was detected in 68 inpatients of our unit. they consisted of 23 cases with chronic hepatitis caused ...	1992	1320579
multiple rearrangements and activated expression of c-myc induced by woodchuck hepatitis virus integration in a primary liver tumour.	woodchuck hepatitis virus (whv) is a small, partially double-stranded dna virus. like the related human hepatitis b virus (hbv), whv induces acute and chronic hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc) in its natural host. whv dna integration into c-myc and n-myc, resulting in deregulated expression of these genes, has been described previously in woodchuck hcc. we have analysed a woodchuck liver tumour in which whv dna was integrated in the c-myc gene. the virus insertion provoked multiple al ...	1992	1317604
biology of b virus in macaque and human hosts: a review.	b virus is a zoonotic alpha-herpesvirus enzootic in asian monkeys of the genus macaca. at least 25 cases of human disease caused by b virus have occurred to date, leading to death in 16 instances. advances in the technology available for the diagnosis of b virus infection and in the agents for its treatment are improving the prognosis for cases in human beings. efforts are under way at several institutions in the united states to establish b virus-free colonies of rhesus macaques for use in biom ...	1992	1313312
naturally occurring point mutation in the c terminus of the polymerase gene prevents duck hepatitis b virus rna packaging.	a duck hepatitis b virus (dhbv) genome cloned from a domestic duck from the people's republic of china has been sequenced and exhibits no variation in sequences known to be important in viral replication or generation of gene products. intrahepatic transfection of a dimer of this viral genome into ducklings did not result in viremia or any sign of virus infection, indicating that the genome was defective. functional analysis of this mutant genome, performed by transfecting the dna into a chicken ...	1992	1309904
progress report on the charles river breeding laboratories' free-ranging rhesus monkey breeding colony on key lois, florida.	the nucleus of a breeding colony of free-ranging rhesus monkeys (macaca mulatta) free from tuberculosis, herpes-b virus, shigellosis, and salmonellosis has been established on key lois, florida, usa. standardized procedures for trapping, quarantine, and shipping from the wild in india to the island have been established. the monkeys seem to have adapted well to the florida keys' climate. reproduction has proceeded according to expectations, and social groups have been formed with continual restr ...	1976	1271747
hepatitis b core antigen and antibody.	two distinct antigen-antibody systems are associated with the hepatitis b virus: the hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag, australia antigen) and antibody (anti-hbs) and the recently characterized hepatitis b core antigen (hbcag) and antibody (anti-hbc, anti-core). hbsag is found in the serum of patients acutely or chronically infected with the hepatitis b virus (hbv) and is represented on electron microscopy of such serum as 20 nm spherical and tubular structures and as the surface component of t ...	1975	1204955
viral hepatitis, type b, in experimental animals.	evidence of natural infection with hepatitis b virus (hbv) in chimpanzees was followed by demonstration that this species provides a highly sensitive animal model system for experimental type b hepatitis. with rare exceptions, inoculation of sero-negative chimps with materials containing infectious hbv produces serologic evidence of infection including appearance of circulating hepatitis b surface antigen (hbs ag) and subsequently development of antibody to hbs ag and hepatitis b core antigen. s ...	1975	1181931
vaccine against human hepatitis b.	a highly purified and inactivated vaccine was made of hepatitis b virus surface antigen. the vaccine was tested exhaustively for safety by ordinary procedures and additionally in chimpanzees and marmosets. it was highly potent and induced antibody in guinea pigs, grivet monkeys, and chimpanzees after three doses of vaccine were given subcutaneously. chimpanzees given three doses of vaccine were protected against challenge with 1,000 chimpanzee-infectious doses of live human hepatitis b virus giv ...	1976	819667
development and chimpanzee testing of a vaccine against human hepatitis b.	highly purified hepatitis b virus surface antigen (australia antigen) purified by physical and chemical procedures from infected human plasma was used to prepare hepatitis b vaccine. the purified antigen was treated with formalin and the vaccine was tested exhaustively for safety by ordinary procedures and additionally in marmosets (for live hepatitis b virus). the vaccine was highly potent, inducing antibody in guinea pigs, grivet monkeys, and chimpanzees given three doses of vaccine containing ...	1976	817293
transmission of hepatitis b to the rhesus monkey.	the rhesus monkey does provide a suitable laboratory animal model for studying hepatitis b virus and for investigating various aspects of interaction between this infectious agent and the host. this species of non-human primate, however, offers a less sensitive animal model for hepatitis b infection than the chimpanzee.	1975	812744
[biological characteristics of influenza b viruses isolated during influenza b epidemics in 1976-1977].	comparative studies of the antigenic structure of influenza b viruses isolated in 1976-1977 and in previous years demonstrated one-way relationship of the hemagglutinin of b/76 viruses with that of b/72 viruses. antisera to new b/76 strains neutralized the hemagglutinating activity of all known reference influenza b virus strains beginning from 1972. influenza b/76 viruses were divided into two groups depending on complete or partial neutralization by antiserum b/hong kong/7/75. the study of the ...	1978	749340
transmission experiments with hepatitis b surface antigen and the common bedbug (cimex lectularius l).	hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag)-positive blood meals were fed to a colony of the common bedbug (cimex lectularius l) in a series of 5 experiments. antigen persisted in the bugs for at least 7 1/2 weeks, but was undetectable after 18 weeks. trans-stadial transmission was demonstrated through one moult only, and transovarial transmission did not occur. antigen was successfully transmitted by adult bugs into 3 out of 35 canisters of hbsag-negative blood. antibody of hbsag was detected in the se ...	1979	573506
[experiments for the development of a hepatitis b vaccine: immunogenicity of hbsag in guinea pigs (author's transl)].	hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) was purified from human plasma by gel chromatography, isopyknic centrifugation, and zonal centrifugation. the final product had about 60% of the original activity and was essentially free from hepatitis b virus particles (hbv) and plasma proteins. treatment with formaldehyde concentrations up to 0.1% for inactivation of residual infectivity did not significantly reduce antigenicity in vitro and immunogenicity in guinea pigs. adsorption to aluminum hydroxide re ...	1979	572908
[rearing and management of chimpanzees for experimental infection with hepatitis b virus (author's transl)].	for the purpose of experimental infection with human hepatitis b virus, 14 chimpanzees (pan troglodytes) were delivered to the division of animal research, faculty of medicine, university of tokyo, tokyo. these chimps, 11 males and 3 females, born in the west africa, had been reared for two to six months. several days after delivery, they were anesthetized with ketalar in order to make clinical, bacteriological and parasitological examinations; it was found that one of them was in malnutrition, ...	1977	558103
t-lymphocyte cytotoxicity to hbsag-coated target cells in hepatitis b virus infection.	the cytotoxic effect of peripheral lymphocytes on chicken red blood cells (chrbc) coated with purified hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) has been studied as an in vitro parameter of cell-mediated immunity in acute and chronic infection with hepatitis b virus. using this technique, the mean cytotoxic index of lymphocytes from patients with acute hepatitis b (29.13 +/- 20.88) was significantly higher than that obtained with lymphocytes from control subjects (6.53 +/- 3.75). only 33.3% of the pat ...	1977	304824
partial amino acid sequence of two major component polypeptides of hepatitis b surface antigen.	determination of the amino acid sequence of the immunogenic polypeptides of hepatitis b surface antigen may not only permit molecular localization of the distinct determinants a, d, and y but may also lead to the synthesis of a hapten useful in prophylactic immunization against hepatitis b virus infection. for this purpose, purified monotypic hepatitis b surface antigen of adw subtype was resolved into equal amounts of two major polypeptides (22,000 and 28,000 daltons) and up to six other minor ...	1977	266193
classification of porcine enteroviruses by antigenic analysis and cytopathic effects in tissue culture: description of 3 new serotypes.	porcine enteroviruses isolated in the united kingdom between 1972 and 1976 were compared with the 8 serotypes previously described and with human coxsackie b virus types 1 to 6 for ability to grow in different cell lines. this allowed the classification of all strains into 3 broad groups according to type of cytopathic effect in ibrs-2 cells and further subdivision on the basis of production of cytopathic effect in bhk 21, hela and vero cells. none of the porcine enterovirus strains was neutrali ...	1979	229804
viral type a and type b hepatitis: morphology, biology, immunology and epidemiology--a review.	viral hepatitis is one of the most serious infectious diseases in the united states and is of great concern to the public health agencies, hospitals and research laboratories. progress in our knowledge of this disease has been based on cooperation between specialists in many diverse scientific disciplines employing sophisticated scientific instruments and technics. close cooperation between clinical pathologists and clinicians is of great importance in diagnosis. biologic, immunologic, epidemiol ...	1976	218439
a virus similar to human hepatitis b virus associated with hepatitis and hepatoma in woodchucks.	particles with properties similar to those associated with human hepatitis b were found in serum from woodchucks with chronic hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma. it is suggested that woodchuck hepatitis virus is a second member of a novel class of viruses represented by the human hepatitis b virus.	1978	212758
properties of the erythrocyte receptors for influenza c virus.	properties of the receptor for influenza c virus were studied. although the receptor for influenza c virus on chicken erythrocytes was destroyed by the homologous virion, neuraminidase activity could not be detected in any of the influenza c virus strains tested. the receptor activity of chicken erythrocytes for influenza c virus was diminished by formaldehyde treatment but not by periodate oxidation. there was a considerable variation in the pattern and the titer of hemagglutination of influenz ...	1978	211399
experimental carcinoma of liver in macaque monkeys exposed to diethylnitrosamine and hepatitis b virus.	the effects of treatments with diethylnitrosamine (dena) and hepatitis b virus (hbv) on macaque monkeys were investigated by virus serology and by light and electron microscopy. the experimental groups comprised 43 newborn or juvenile cynomolgus and rhesus monkeys of both sexes. hbv neither had a carcinogenic effect nor increased the oncogenic effect of dena. however, hbv given to juvenile primates before treatment with dena resulted in subsequent gross and microscopic alterations consistent wit ...	1977	198564
comparative complement fixation and serum neutralization antibody titers to herpes simplex virus type 1 and herpesvirus simiae in macaca mulatta and humans.	the serological relationship of herpes simplex type 1 virus and herpesvirus simiae was studied. antibody titers to these viruses were determined in 163 macaca mulatta sera and 67 human sera by serum neutralization (sn) and complement fixation (cf) tests. both groups of sera were also tested by cf with envelope and capsid antigens of herpes simplex type 1. by sn, the majority of the monkeys and all of the humans had a higher titer to herpes simplex type 1 than to h. simiae. by cf, with crude anti ...	1977	192762
oncogenicity of avian leukosis viruses of different subgroups and of mutants of sarcoma viruses.	leukosis viruses of seven subgroups were tested for oncogenicity in chickens susceptible to virus infection and to development of lymphoid leukosis (ll) tumors. all subgroup a viruses and the subgroup b virus tested produced a high incidence of ll and other related neoplasms. viruses of subgroup c and rav-61 of subgroup f produced a low level of ll. the rav-50 of subgroup d produced osteopetrosis. in these tests, the viruses of subgroup e and g and one virus of subgroup f were not pathogenic, po ...	1977	191400
hepatitis a antigen isolated from liver and stool: immunologic comparison of antisera prepared in guinea pigs.	morphologically similar hepatitis a antigen particles (ha ag)3 have been detected in the stools of patients with type a hepatitis and in the livers of marmosets experimentally infected with hepatitis a virus. to investigate the humoral antibody responses to these antigens and to compare the immunologic properties of ha ag from these two sources, we immunized guinea pigs with either marmoset liver-derived ha ag or with human stool-derived ha ag in complete freund's adjuvant and measured their ant ...	1976	182882
multiple testing for the detection of b virus antibody in specially handled rhesus monkeys after capture from virgin trapping grounds.	eight groups of rhesus monkeys totaling over 1,000 animals were captured in the virgin trapping grounds of jammu and kashmir, india. individual caging and special handling technics were utilized to prevent cross-contamination during capture, holding, and subsequent shipment to quarantine facilities in the united states. immediately following the arrival of the monkeys, 5 consecutive blood samples were obtained at approximately 2-wk intervals, and the sera were rested for neutralizing antibody ag ...	1976	177807
recovery of herpes simiae (b virus) from both primary and latent infections in rhesus monkeys.	the suspected ability of herpes simiae (b virus) to persist in a latent form has been confirmed in rhesus monkeys. the virus was recovered from primary oral lesions of 2 young monkeys and again, 6 months after disappearance of symptoms, from cultures of gasserian ganglia taken from the same individuals. b virus was identified by its effects in vivo and in vitro and in cross neutralization tests with antisera to reference b virus and herpes simplex virus. tests showed that the same virus was pres ...	1975	177038
the isolation of monkey b virus (herpesvirus simiae) from the trigeminal ganglia of a healthy seropositive rhesus monkey.		1975	169266
multiple herpesvirus simiae isolation from a rhesus monkey which died of cerebral infarction.	a rhesus monkey housed in the new england regional primate research center for more than 4 yr died after an illness of 19 da. clinical signs included central nervous system involvement and ulcers on the labial mucosa. microscopically, the cause of death was established as multiple cerebral infarction. lesions characteristic of herpesvirus infections were not present in the brain nor in any other tissue; however, herpesvirus simiae was isolated from oral and anal swabs as well as from tongue and ...	1975	167229
transmission of hepatitis b to the rhesus monkey. studies on the humoral and cell-mediated immune response.	the susceptibility of the rhesus monkey (macaca mulatta) to hepatitis b virus was enhanced by the induction of chronic infection with plasmodium inuei.	1978	101663
serological relationship of woodchuck hepatitis virus to human hepatitis b virus.	two antigenic systems of the woodchuck hepatitis virus have been identified. the relationship between viral antigens of the woodchuck hepatitis virus and the human hepatitis b virus was determined by using immunoprecipitation, hemagglutination, and immune electron microscopy techniques. antigens found on the cores of the two viruses were cross-reactive. lack of cross-reactivity between the surface antigens of the two viruses in immunodiffusion experiments suggested that the major antigenic deter ...	1979	94359
the hepatitis b virus and its dna polymerase: the prototype three-d virus.	the hepatitis b virus (hbv), the causal agent of serum hepatitis, has a diameter of 42 nm and is comprised of an outer surface coat and a 27 nm core. a unique dna-dependent dna polymerase is associated with the core of the virus. the core also houses a circular dna that contains both double-stranded and single-stranded regions. in the endogenous reaction, the dna polymerase repairs the single-stranded gaps of the viral dna. the surface protein of the virus, called hepatitis b surface antigen, co ...	1979	91092
immunochemical and oligonucleotide fingerprint analyses of venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis complex viruses.	rna oligonucleotide fingerprint analyses indicate that the genome rna obtained from trinidad donkey (trd) venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis (vee) virus serotype i a, its vaccine strain derivative tc-83, and the vee i b virus isolate ptf-39, have almost identical patterns of characteristic ribonuclease t1 resistant oligonucleotides. the tc-83 strain and the i b isolate can, on the basis of these analyses, be considered as variants of the trd virus and categorized as i ab serotypes. comparisons ...	1979	90115
antigens of hepatitis b virus: failure to detect hbeag on the surfaces of hbsag forms.	the particulate forms of hbsag were analysed for the presence of hbeag on their surfaces. by immunodiffusion analysis, anti-hbe did not form precipitin bands with the purified forms of hbsag and hyperimmune guinea pig antisera to these forms did not react with hbeag. lines of non-identity were observed between the hbeag determinants (e1 and e2) and the dane particles and filaments isolated from an hbeag-positive serum. finally, anti-hbe failed to precipitate the polymerase-positive subpopulation ...	1978	75946
hazards from simian herpes viruses: reactivation of skin lesions with virus shedding.	a new simian herpes virus with biological properties similar to herpes simplex and to simian "b" virus has been used as a model system for studying virus latency in dorsal root spinal sensory ganglia. following intradermal injection, virus is present in the skin lesions and corresponding ganglia only, during the acute stage of the disease. by organ-culture techniques, latent virus was rescued from ganglia up to 2 years later. no latent virus was ever found in skin organ cultures of the primar ...	1975	47078
immune complexes of hepatitis b surface antigen in the pathogenesis of periarteritis nodosa. a study of seven necropsy cases.	in 7 unselected necropsy cases of clinically diagnosed periarteritis nodosa, the detection of hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) and hepatitis b core antigen (hbcag) in the cytoplasm and nuclei of hepatocytes indicated an ongoing infection with hepititis b virus (hbv). in all these cases histologic changes found in the liver varied from "minimal" to chronic aggressive hepatitis. in all the cases, deposits of hbsag, immunoglobulins, beta1c-globulin and c1q were detected in vascular lesions. that ...	1978	24342