Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
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| distribution and habitat characterization of the recently introduced invasive mosquito aedes koreicus [hulecoeteomyia koreica], a new potential vector and pest in north-eastern italy. | the container breeding species belonging to the genus aedes (meigen) are frequently recorded out of their place of origin. invasive aedes species are proven or potential vectors of important arboviruses and their establishment in new areas pose a threat for human and animal health. a new species of exotic mosquito was recorded in 2011 in north-eastern italy: aedes (finlaya) koreicus [hulecoeteomyia koreica]. the aim of this study was to characterize the biology, the environment and the current d ... | 2013 | 24457085 |
| daily blood feeding rhythms of laboratory-reared north american culex pipiens. | blood feeding by free-living insect vectors of disease is rhythmic and can be used to predict when infectious bites will occur. these daily rhythms can also be targeted by control measures, as in insecticide-treated nets. culex pipiens form pipiens and c.p. f. molestus are two members of the culex pipiens assemblage and vectors of west nile virus throughout north america. although culex species vector human pathogens and parasites, the daily blood feeding rhythms of c.p. f. molestus, to our know ... | 2014 | 24450879 |
| evaluation of the repellent effects of nepeta parnassica extract, essential oil, and its major nepetalactone metabolite against mosquitoes. | the dichloromethane-methanol extract, the essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation from nepeta parnassica, and the isolated 4aα,7α,7aβ-nepetalactone were evaluated for their repellent effect against the mosquitoes aedes (stegomyia) cretinus edwards and culex pipiens pipiens biotype molestus forskål. the chemical analysis of n. parnassica essential oil, dominated by oxygenated monoterpenes (87 %), revealed 4aα,7α,7aβ-nepetalactone (36.8%), 1,8-cineole (25.5%), and 4aα,7β,7aβ-nepetalactone (11. ... | 2014 | 24449446 |
| influence of resource levels, organic compounds and laboratory colonization on interspecific competition between the asian tiger mosquito aedes albopictus (stegomyia albopicta) and the southern house mosquito culex quinquefasciatus. | the mosquitoes aedes albopictus (stegomyia albopicta) (skuse) and culex quinquefasciatus (say) (diptera: culicidae) are common inhabitants of tyres and other artificial containers, which constitute important peridomestic mosquito breeding habitats. we tested the hypotheses that interspecific resource competition between the larvae of these species is asymmetrical, that the concentration of chemicals associated with decomposing detritus affects the competitive outcomes of these species, and that ... | 2014 | 24444185 |
| [genetic investigations on the incompatibility in the culex pipiens complex]. | in crosses between populations of the mosquito culex pipiens of different geographical origin three crossing types have been found (1) crosses with normal offspring (2) crosses with reduced offspring and (3) crosses that show almost total incompatibility. in the case of incompatible crosses 99.9% of the developing embryos are lethal and only about 0.1% of the embryos hatch and develop into fertile diploid females. the origin of the exceptional diploid females has been investigated by means of th ... | 1970 | 24435845 |
| molecular detection of dirofilaria immitis, dirofilaria repens and setaria tundra in mosquitoes from germany. | as a result of globalization and climate change, dirofilaria immitis and dirofilaria repens, the causative agents of dirofilariosis in europe, continue to spread from endemic areas in the mediterranean to northern and northeastern regions of europe where autochthonous cases of dirofilarial infections have increasingly been observed in dogs and humans. whilst d. repens was recently reported from mosquitoes in putatively non-endemic areas, d. immitis has never been demonstrated in mosquitoes from ... | 2014 | 24433279 |
| over-transcription of genes in a parathion-resistant strain of mosquito culex pipiens quinquefasciatus. | insecticide resistance is an evolutionary adaptation that develops quite quickly in mosquitoes because of the high selection pressure of chemical insecticides, rapid generation time and large population size. identification of genes associated with insecticide resistance is fundamental to understand the complex processes responsible for resistance. we compared the gene transcriptional profiles of parathion-resistant and -susceptible culex pipiens quinquefasciatus using a combination of suppressi ... | 2015 | 24431295 |
| present and future potential of plant-derived products to control arthropods of veterinary and medical significance. | the use of synthetic pesticides and repellents to target pests of veterinary and medical significance is becoming increasingly problematic. one alternative approach employs the bioactive attributes of plant-derived products (pdps). these are particularly attractive on the grounds of low mammalian toxicity, short environmental persistence and complex chemistries that should limit development of pest resistance against them.several pesticides and repellents based on pdps are already available, and ... | 2014 | 24428899 |
| determinants of the population growth of the west nile virus mosquito vector culex pipiens in a repeatedly affected area in italy. | the recent spread of west nile virus in temperate countries has raised concern. predicting the likelihood of transmission is crucial to ascertain the threat to public and veterinary health. however, accurate models of west nile virus (wnv) expansion in europe may be hampered by limited understanding of the population dynamics of their primary mosquito vectors and their response to environmental changes. | 2014 | 24428887 |
| cell biological analysis of mosquito midgut invasion: the defensive role of the actin-based ookinete hood. | successful completion of the plasmodium lifecycle in the mosquito vector is critical for malaria transmission. it has been documented that the fate of plasmodium in the mosquito ultimately depends on a fine interplay of molecular mosquito factors that act as parasite agonists and antagonists. here we investigate whether the cellular responses of the invaded midgut epithelium can also determine the parasite fate and development. we show that the parasite hood, an actin-rich structure formed aroun ... | 0 | 24428832 |
| infravec: research capacity for the implementation of genetic control of mosquitoes. | mosquitoes represent a major and global cause of human suffering due to the diseases they transmit. these include parasitic diseases, i.e. malaria and filariasis, and viral infections such as dengue, encephalitis, and yellow fever. the threat of mosquito-borne diseases is not limited to tropical and subtropical regions of the world. trade and climate changes have opened new niches to tropical vectors in temperate areas of the world, thus putting previously unaffected regions at risk of disease t ... | 0 | 24428829 |
| occurrence of bacillus thuringiensis and their phages in yemen soil. | bacillus thuringiensis (bt) isolates were found in all samples of soil in nine governorates of yemen. from 384 isolates of bacillus recovered from these soil samples after acetate selection, 104 isolates (27.1 %) were bt. five isolates of bt were selected and insecticidal activity was tested against culex pipiens, callosobruchus maculatus and spodoptera littoralis. the bt isolate yh18 gave toxicity to all tested insects larvae. this study extended to isolate phages active against the selected bt ... | 2013 | 24426317 |
| comperative studies with culex pipiens egg rafts. immunogenetic, electrophoretic and enzymatic analysis of unfertilized, compatible and incompatible fertilized eggs. | by applying immunologic, electrophoretic and enzymatic methods, extracts of different raft types of culex pipiens were analysed. rafts of the crosses pa x pa and ha x ha contained four common antigens, while unfertilized rafts of pa and ha (no antisera were prepared against them) and rafts of the crosses og x og, og x pa, and pa x og shared three common antigens with the remaining raft extracts. disk-electrophoresis of raft extracts in acrylamide gel resulted in different electropherograms. ten ... | 1974 | 24425457 |
| preparation of a flowable liquid bacterial insecticide based on bacillus sphaericus. | fermenter-produced bacillus sphaericus 2362 was formulated into a thick, dark flowable liquid concentrate containing 4.8×10(9) c.f.u./ml and charcoal as protector against ultraviolet light. the potencies of the formulation against l4 culex pipiens quinquefasciatus before and after storage for 2 years were 5714 and 5862 international toxic units (itu), respectively, when compared with a standardized b. sphaericus from the who at 1000 itu. in field trials, treatment at 1.01/ha gave 96 to 100% cont ... | 1991 | 24425273 |
| [gene mapping on the salivary gland chromosomes of the mosquito culex pipiens l]. | crossing experiments were done with several mutations and aberrant lines of the mosquito culex pipiens l. gene loci and chromosomal structure could be correlated by comparing crossover rates of mutations with breakage points of chromosomal aberrations in the larval salivary gland chromosomes. this confirms linkage groups and their correlated chromosomes.before comparing crossover rates in one chromosome in different experiments, the problem of different crossover rates between two distinct facto ... | 1975 | 24419502 |
| inherited preferential segregation in translocation heterozygotes of the mosquito,culex pipiens l. | the present paper deals with crossing experiments on translocation heterozygotes in the mosquitoculex pipiens l. it is shown that the ratio of euploid and aneuploid gametes is determined by two allelomorphs of one single inheritable factor. these experiments agree with our hypothesis that the ratio of segregation types in a translocation heterozygous organism (alternate and adjacent) is determined by a series of multiple alleles of a single mendelian factor. | 1975 | 24419468 |
| insights into the preservation of the homomorphic sex-determining chromosome of aedes aegypti from the discovery of a male-biased gene tightly linked to the m-locus. | the preservation of a homomorphic sex-determining chromosome in some organisms without transformation into a heteromorphic sex chromosome is a long-standing enigma in evolutionary biology. a dominant sex-determining locus (or m-locus) in an undifferentiated homomorphic chromosome confers the male phenotype in the yellow fever mosquito aedes aegypti. genetic evidence suggests that the m-locus is in a nonrecombining region. however, the molecular nature of the m-locus has not been characterized. u ... | 0 | 24398378 |
| phylogeography of the lutzomyia gomezi (diptera: phlebotominae) on the panama isthmus. | lutzomyia gomezi (nitzulescu, 1931) is one of the main leishmania (vianna) panamensis vectors in panama, and despite its medical significance, there are no population genetic studies regarding this species. in this study, we used the sequences of the mitochondrial gene cytochrome b/start of nadh1 and the nuclear elongation gene α-1 in order to analyze genetic variation and phylogeographic structure of the lu. gomezi populations. | 2014 | 24398187 |
| invasion biology of aedes japonicus japonicus (diptera: culicidae). | aedes japonicus japonicus (theobald) (diptera: culicidae) has recently expanded beyond its native range of japan and korea into large parts of north america and central europe. population genetic studies begun immediately after the species was detected in north america revealed genetically distinct introductions that subsequently merged, likely contributing to the successful expansion. interactions, particularly in the larval stage, with other known disease vectors give this invasive subspecies ... | 0 | 24397520 |
| laboratory identification of arthropod ectoparasites. | the collection, handling, identification, and reporting of ectoparasitic arthropods in clinical and reference diagnostic laboratories are discussed in this review. included are data on ticks, mites, lice, fleas, myiasis-causing flies, and bed bugs. the public health importance of these organisms is briefly discussed. the focus is on the morphological identification and proper handling and reporting of cases involving arthropod ectoparasites, particularly those encountered in the united states. o ... | 2014 | 24396136 |
| replication cycle and molecular biology of the west nile virus. | west nile virus (wnv) is a member of the genus flavivirus in the family flaviviridae. flaviviruses replicate in the cytoplasm of infected cells and modify the host cell environment. although much has been learned about virion structure and virion-endosomal membrane fusion, the cell receptor(s) used have not been definitively identified and little is known about the early stages of the virus replication cycle. members of the genus flavivirus differ from members of the two other genera of the fami ... | 2013 | 24378320 |
| hyperforin and deoxycohumulone as a larvicidal agent against culex pipiens (diptera: culicidae). | the larvicidal effect of hyperforin (1), a bioactive compound of hypericum perforatum, and deoxycohumulone (2) (biosynthetic precursor of hyperforin) were evaluated against culex pipiens (diptera: culicidae) for the first time. all the acetate analogues (3-6) of hyperforin (1) and deoxycohumulone (2) were also synthesized and bioassayed to provide information on structural requirements for the tested compounds. larvicidal results revealed that hyperforin (1) and deoxycohumulone (2) exhibited pot ... | 2014 | 24377447 |
| potential cooperations between odorant-binding proteins of the scarab beetle holotrichia oblita faldermann (coleoptera: scarabaeidae). | it was previously thought that the odorant binding proteins (obps) in the sensillum lymph might serve as carriers, which could carry lipophilic odorant molecules to olfactory receptors. in this study, two novel obp genes of the scarab beetle holotrichia oblita were screened using an antennal cdna library. the full cdna of hoblobp3 and hoblobp4 was cloned using reverse transcription pcr and rapid amplification of the cdna ends. homology modeling of both obps was performed using swiss-model on-lin ... | 2013 | 24376847 |
| competition impedes the recovery of daphnia magna from repeated insecticide pulses. | the effects of multiple insecticide pulses on non-target organisms have rarely been investigated in combination with relevant biotic interactions, such as competition. in this study, we examined the effects of two repeated pulses of the insecticide pirimicarb (3, 10, 24 μg/l) on populations of daphnia magna with or without competition. to investigate the influence of competition, half of the test systems were supplemented with the pirimicarb-insensitive species culex pipiens. the pesticide pulse ... | 2014 | 24373889 |
| studying culicoides vectors of btv in the post-genomic era: resources, bottlenecks to progress and future directions. | culicoides biting midges (diptera: ceratopogonidae) are a major vector group responsible for the biological transmission of a wide variety of globally significant arboviruses, including bluetongue virus (btv). in this review we examine current biological resources for the study of this genus, with an emphasis on detailing the history of extant colonies and cell lines derived from c. sonorensis, the major vector of btv in the usa. we then discuss the rapidly developing area of genomic and transcr ... | 2013 | 24355835 |
| vector-virus interactions and transmission dynamics of west nile virus. | west nile virus (wnv; flavivirus; flaviviridae) is the cause of the most widespread arthropod-borne viral disease in the world and the largest outbreak of neuroinvasive disease ever observed. mosquito-borne outbreaks are influenced by intrinsic (e.g., vector and viral genetics, vector and host competence, vector life-history traits) and extrinsic (e.g., temperature, rainfall, human land use) factors that affect virus activity and mosquito biology in complex ways. the concept of vectorial capacit ... | 2013 | 24351794 |
| integrated human surveillance systems of west nile virus infections in italy: the 2012 experience. | in italy, a west nile virus (wnv) surveillance plan was firstly implemented in 2008 and 2009 in two affected regions and, since 2010, according to a national plan, a wnv neuroinvasive disease (wnnd) surveillance has to be carried out each year during the period 15 june-30 november, in those regions where wnv circulation has been demonstrated among humans, animals or vectors. moreover, since wnv can be transmitted to humans even by blood transfusions and organ transplants obtained from infected d ... | 2013 | 24351740 |
| increased pathogenicity of west nile virus (wnv) by glycosylation of envelope protein and seroprevalence of wnv in wild birds in far eastern russia. | in this review, we discuss the possibility that the glycosylation of west nile (wn) virus e-protein may be associated with enhanced pathogenicity and higher replication of wn virus. the results indicate that e-protein glycosylation allows the virus to multiply in a heat-stable manner and therefore, has a critical role in enhanced viremic levels and virulence of wn virus in young-chick infection model. the effect of the glycosylation of the e protein on the pathogenicity of wn virus in young chic ... | 2013 | 24351738 |
| cutaneous distribution and circadian rhythm of onchocerca lupi microfilariae in dogs. | among the arthropod-borne nematodes infesting dogs, onchocerca lupi (spirurida: onchocercidae) is of increasing zoonotic concern, with new human cases of infection diagnosed in turkey, tunisia, iran and the usa. knowledge of the biology of this nematode is meagre. this study aimed at assessing the distribution and periodicity of o. lupi microfilariae from different body regions in naturally infested dogs. | 2013 | 24349594 |
| expression and biological activity of the cystine knot bioinsecticide pa1b (pea albumin 1 subunit b). | the pa1b (pea albumin 1, subunit b) peptide is an entomotoxin extract from legume seeds with lethal activity on several insect pests, such as mosquitoes, some aphids and cereal weevils. this 37 amino-acid cysteine-rich peptide has been, until now, obtained by biochemical purification or chemical synthesis. in this paper, we present our results for the transient production of the peptide in nicotiana benthamiana by agro-infiltration, with a yield of about 35 µg/g of fresh leaves and maximum produ ... | 2013 | 24349099 |
| synthesis and larvicidal activity against culex pipiens pallens of new triazole derivatives of phrymarolin from phryma leptostachya l. | twelve new triazole derivatives of phrymarolin were prepared from phrymarolin i and the structures of all the derivatives were fully characterized by (1)h-nmr, (13)c-nmr and ms spectral data analyses. larvicidal activities against 4rd instar larvae of culex pipiens pallens of these phrymarolin analogues were assayed. although the triazole derivatives of phrymarolin showed certain larvicidal activity, they showed lower activity than phrymarolin i. the typical non-natural groups triazole substitue ... | 2013 | 24336066 |
| attractive toxic sugar baits: control of mosquitoes with the low-risk active ingredient dinotefuran and potential impacts on nontarget organisms in morocco. | we evaluated the efficacy of attractive toxic sugar baits (atsb) in the laboratory and field with the low-risk active ingredient dinotefuran against mosquito populations. preliminary laboratory assays indicated that dinotefuran in solution with the sugar baits was ingested and resulted in high mortality of female culex quinquefasciatus say and aedes aegypti linnaeus. field studies demonstrated >70% reduction of mosquito populations at 3 wk post-atsb application. nontarget feeding of seven insect ... | 0 | 24331613 |
| evaluating larval mosquito resource partitioning in western kenya using stable isotopes of carbon and nitrogen. | in sub-saharan africa, malaria, transmitted by the anopheles mosquito, remains one of the foremost public health concerns. anopheles gambiae, the primary malaria vector in sub-saharan africa, is typically associated with ephemeral, sunlit habitats; however, an. gambiae larvae often share these habitats with other anophelines along with other disease-transmitting and benign mosquito species. resource limitations within habitats can constrain larval density and development, and this drives competi ... | 2013 | 24330747 |
| status of organophosphate and carbamate resistance in anopheles gambiae sensu lato from the south and north benin, west africa. | with the rapid spread of pyrethroid resistance in the main malaria vectors from benin and the various resistance mechanisms involved (metabolic resistance and knock-down resistance (kdr), it is important to foresee effective resistance management strategies. thus, the knowledge of the insensitive acetylcholinesterase (ace-1r) effects on phenotypes of an. gambiae will help us to strengthen basic and operational research on the development of strategies that will use organophosphates or carbamates ... | 2013 | 24330550 |
| transinfection: a method to investigate wolbachia-host interactions and control arthropod-borne disease. | the bacterial endosymbiont wolbachia manipulates arthropod host biology in numerous ways, including sex ratio distortion and differential offspring survival. these bacteria infect a vast array of arthropods, some of which pose serious agricultural and human health threats. wolbachia-mediated phenotypes such as cytoplasmic incompatibility and/or pathogen interference can be used for vector and disease control; however, many medically important vectors and important agricultural species are uninfe ... | 2013 | 24329998 |
| reintroduction of the invasive mosquito species aedes albopictus in belgium in july 2013. | since its first report in 2000, the invasive mosquito aedes albopictus was not found any more during the different entomological inspections performed at its place of introduction in belgium between 2001 and 2012. in july 2013, one adult male was captured at the same site (a platform of imported used tires located in vrasene, oost-vlaanderen province), during a monitoring using co2-baited trap. this finding suggests the reintroduction of the species in belgium via the used tire trade. | 2013 | 24325893 |
| west nile virus state of the art report of malwest project. | during the last three years greece is experiencing the emergence of west nile virus (wnv) epidemics. within this framework, an integrated surveillance and control programme (malwest project) with thirteen associate partners was launched aiming to investigate the disease and suggest appropriate interventions. one out of seven work packages of the project is dedicated to the state of the art report for wnv. three expert working groups on humans, animals and mosquitoes were established. medical dat ... | 2013 | 24317379 |
| rhodopsin coexpression in uv photoreceptors of aedes aegypti and anopheles gambiae mosquitoes. | differential rhodopsin gene expression within specialized r7 photoreceptor cells divides the retinas of aedes aegypti and anopheles gambiae mosquitoes into distinct domains. the two species express the rhodopsin orthologs aaop8 and agop8, respectively, in a large subset of these r7 photoreceptors that function as ultraviolet receptors. we show here that a divergent subfamily of mosquito rhodopsins, aaop10 and agop10, is coexpressed in these r7 photoreceptors. the properties of the a. aegypti aao ... | 2013 | 24311804 |
| equine seroprevalence rates as an additional indicator for a more accurate risk assessment of the west nile virus transmission. | the west nile virus (wnv) is a zoonotic arbovirus that has recently been causing outbreaks in many countries in southern and central europe. in 2012, for the first time, it caused an outbreak in eastern croatia with total of 7 human clinical cases. with an aim of assisting public health personnel in order to improve survey protocols and vector control, the high risk areas of the wnv transmission were estimated and mapped. the study area included cities of osijek and slavonski brod and 8 municipa ... | 2013 | 24308242 |
| west nile virus outbreak in humans in croatia, 2012. | during august and september 2012, seven cases of west nile neuroinvasive disease were identified in three north-eastern counties of croatia. four cases were reported in osijek-baranja county, two in brod-posavina county and one in vukovar-srijem county. the median age of the patients was 62.7 years. all patients were hospitalized for 2-5 weeks. the patients from slavonski brod had more severe clinical presentation of disease with prolonged hospitalization. medical entomological research was carr ... | 2013 | 24308241 |
| characterization of the small heat shock protein hsp27 gene in chironomus riparius (diptera) and its expression profile in response to temperature changes and xenobiotic exposures. | small heat shock proteins constitute the most diverse and least conserved group within the large family of heat shock proteins, which play a crucial role in cell response to environmental insults. chironomus riparius larvae are widely used in environmental research for testing pollutant toxicity in sediments and freshwater environments. different genes, such as hsp70, hsc70, hsp90, and hsp40, have been identified in this species as sensitive biomarkers for xenobiotics, but small hsps genes remai ... | 2013 | 24297481 |
| ingestibility, digestibility, and engineered biological control potential of flavobacterium hibernum, isolated from larval mosquito habitats. | flavobacterium hibernum, isolated from larval habitats of the eastern tree hole mosquito, a. triseriatus, remained suspended in the larval feeding zone much longer (8 days) than other bacteria. autofluorescent protein markers were developed for the labeling of f. hibernum with a strong flavobacterial expression system. green fluorescent protein (gfp)-tagged f. hibernum cells were quickly consumed by larval mosquitoes at an ingestion rate of 9.5 × 10(4)/larva/h. the ingested f. hibernum cells wer ... | 2014 | 24296502 |
| design and development of aqueous nanoformulations for mosquito control. | microemulsions (me) are thermodynamically stable isotropic mixtures of oil, water, and surfactant; they would also be attractive as potential insecticidal products due to the high bioviability of the active ingredient, attributable to the small sizes of the oil drops. a laboratory study was conducted in order to compare the biological effect of oil in water (o/w) geranium essential oil (eo) and geraniol mes and emulsions, against culex pipiens pipiens mosquito larvae. the systems were based on t ... | 2014 | 24292544 |
| the history of the elimination of lymphatic filariasis in china. | china used to be one of the most heavily endemic countries for lymphatic filariasis (lf) in the world. there were 864 endemic counties/cities in 16 provinces/autonomous regions/municipalities (p/a/m) with a total population of 330 million at risk of infection. since the founding of the people's republic of china in 1949, the chinese government has designated the control of the disease to be a top priority. due to decades of sustained efforts, close cooperation related to lf control among governm ... | 2013 | 24289733 |
| vector contact rates on eastern bluebird nestlings do not indicate west nile virus transmission in henrico county, virginia, usa. | sensitive indicators of spatial and temporal variation in vector-host contact rates are critical to understanding the transmission and eventual prevention of arboviruses such as west nile virus (wnv). monitoring vector contact rates on particularly susceptible and perhaps more exposed avian nestlings may provide an advanced indication of local wnv amplification. to test this hypothesis we monitored wnv infection and vector contact rates among nestlings occupying nest boxes (primarily eastern blu ... | 2013 | 24287858 |
| the changing epidemiology of kunjin virus in australia. | west nile virus (wnv) is a mosquito-borne virus responsible for outbreaks of viral encephalitis in humans and horses, with particularly virulent strains causing recent outbreaks of disease in eastern europe, the middle east and north america. a strain of wnv, kunjin (wnvkun), is endemic in northern australia and infection with this virus is generally asymptomatic. however in early 2011, an unprecedented outbreak of encephalitis in horses occurred in south-eastern australia, resulting in mortalit ... | 2013 | 24287851 |
| natural malaria infection reduces starvation resistance of nutritionally stressed mosquitoes. | in disease ecology, there is growing evidence that environmental quality interacts with parasite and host to determine host susceptibility to an infection. most studies of malaria parasites have focused on the infection costs incurred by the hosts, and few have investigated the costs on mosquito vectors. the interplay between the environment, the vector and the parasite has therefore mostly been ignored and often relied on unnatural or allopatric plasmodium/vector associations. here, we investig ... | 2014 | 24286465 |
| differential virulence and pathogenesis of west nile viruses. | west nile virus (wnv) is a neurotropic flavivirus that cycles between mosquitoes and birds but that can also infect humans, horses, and other vertebrate animals. in most humans, wnv infection remains subclinical. however, 20%-40% of those infected may develop wnv disease, with symptoms ranging from fever to meningoencephalitis. a large variety of wnv strains have been described worldwide. based on their genetic differences, they have been classified into eight lineages; the pathogenic strains be ... | 2013 | 24284878 |
| exploring the spatio-temporal dynamics of reservoir hosts, vectors, and human hosts of west nile virus: a review of the recent literature. | over the last two decades west nile virus (wnv) has been responsible for significant disease outbreaks in humans and animals in many parts of the world. its extremely rapid global diffusion argues for a better understanding of its geographic extent. the purpose of this inquiry was to explore spatio-temporal patterns of wnv using geospatial technologies to study populations of the reservoir hosts, vectors, and human hosts, in addition to the spatio-temporal interactions among these populations. r ... | 2013 | 24284356 |
| mining genes involved in insecticide resistance of liposcelis bostrychophila badonnel by transcriptome and expression profile analysis. | recent studies indicate that infestations of psocids pose a new risk for global food security. among the psocids species, liposcelis bostrychophila badonnel has gained recognition in importance because of its parthenogenic reproduction, rapid adaptation, and increased worldwide distribution. to date, the molecular data available for l. bostrychophila is largely limited to genes identified through homology. also, no transcriptome data relevant to psocids infection is available. | 2013 | 24278202 |
| genome wide gene-expression analysis of facultative reproductive diapause in the two-spotted spider mite tetranychus urticae. | diapause or developmental arrest, is one of the major adaptations that allows mites and insects to survive unfavorable conditions. diapause evokes a number of physiological, morphological and molecular modifications. in general, diapause is characterized by a suppression of the metabolism, change in behavior, increased stress tolerance and often by the synthesis of cryoprotectants. at the molecular level, diapause is less studied but characterized by a complex and regulated change in gene-expres ... | 2013 | 24261877 |
| effects of midgut bacteria and two protease inhibitors on the transmission of wuchereria bancrofti by the mosquito vector, culex pipiens. | laboratory investigations were carried out to study the effect of two protease inhibitors on the transmission of w. bancrofti filarial by culex pipiens and to study the susceptibility interaction between filaria and protease inhibitors. the results obtained revealed that, infection rates were variable among untreated and treated symbiotic and aposymbiotic cx. pipiens females resulted from third instar larvae treated with e-64 and edta. the survival rate was variable among untreated and treated s ... | 2013 | 24260833 |
| effects of midgut bacteria and two protease inhibitors on the reproductive potential and midgut enzymes of culex pipiens infected with wuchereria bancrofti. | laboratory investigations were carried out to asses the effect of some proteases inhibitors on the reproductive potential of culex pipiens females resulted from larvae treated with different protease inhibitors. the fecundity and engorgement of symbiotic and aposymbiotic c. pipiens females were significantly reduced. the blood meal digestion period increased significantly. on the other hand, enzyme band with molecular weight of 40 kda which may be cysteine protease was detected in untreated symb ... | 2013 | 24260832 |
| impact of physical and chemical characteristics of breeding sites on mosquito larval abundance at ismailia governorate, egypt. | the distribution and monthly abundance of mosquito larvae in released water, drainage canals and sewage water tanks in ismailia governorate were investigated. the results obtained indicated the presence of five culicine (culex. pipiens, cx. pusillus, cx. perexiguus, cx. theleri and ochlerotatus. caspius) and two anopheline (anopheles. multicolor and an. pharoensis) mosquito species. significantly higher larval density was recorded in sewage water (n= 5534; 46.08%) as compared with released water ... | 2013 | 24260817 |
| novel virus discovery and genome reconstruction from field rna samples reveals highly divergent viruses in dipteran hosts. | we investigated whether small rna (srna) sequenced from field-collected mosquitoes and chironomids (diptera) can be used as a proxy signature of viral prevalence within a range of species and viral groups, using srnas sequenced from wild-caught specimens, to inform total rna deep sequencing of samples of particular interest. using this strategy, we sequenced from adult anopheles maculipennis s.l. mosquitoes the apparently nearly complete genome of one previously undescribed virus related to chro ... | 2013 | 24260463 |
| identification of wild collected mosquito vectors of diseases using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in jazan province, saudi arabia. | thirty-three species of mosquitoes have been reported from the kingdom of saudi arabia. several of these mosquitoes, anopheles gambiae giles s.l., anopheles stephensi liston, culex pipiens linnaeus, culex quinquefasciatus say, culex tritaeniorhynchus giles, stegomyia aegypti (linnaeus) and aedimorphus vexans arabiensis (patton) are known vectors of human and animal diseases. in this study, the cuticular hydrocarbon profiles of eight mosquito species using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry wer ... | 2013 | 24259205 |
| socio-economic impact of rift valley fever to pastoralists and agro pastoralists in arusha, manyara and morogoro regions in tanzania. | rift valley fever (rvf) is a viral notifiable zoonotic disease primarily of domestic ruminants that causes significant socio-economic impacts. using the 2006-07 outbreak cases, this study aimed to establish the socio-economic impact of rvf and assessing knowledge, attitude and practice of livestock keepers towards controlling rvf in selected areas of tanzania. data were collected in arusha, manyara and morogoro regions using questionnaires, focus group discussions and in-depth interviews with ke ... | 2013 | 24255846 |
| phylotreepruner: a phylogenetic tree-based approach for selection of orthologous sequences for phylogenomics. | molecular phylogenetics relies on accurate identification of orthologous sequences among the taxa of interest. most orthology inference programs available for use in phylogenomics rely on small sets of pre-defined orthologs from model organisms or phenetic approaches such as all-versus-all sequence comparisons followed by markov graph-based clustering. such approaches have high sensitivity but may erroneously include paralogous sequences. we developed phylotreepruner, a software utility that use ... | 2013 | 24250218 |
| selected phenotypic features of br91, a unique spirochaetal strain isolated from the culex pipiens mosquito. | growth temperature range, resistance to selective antibiotics, activities of 23 enzymes, protein fingerprints and fatty acids composition of the spirochaetal strain br91, isolated from the culex pipiens mosquito, were tested. the spirochaetes were grown in bsk-h complete liquid medium. the optimal in vitro growth temperature of the strain was 33 °c. strain br91 was sensitive to trimethoprim, nalidixic acid, 5-fluorouracil, and tolerated phosphomycin. the strain produced acid and alkaline phospha ... | 2014 | 24239193 |
| flaviviruses in europe: complex circulation patterns and their consequences for the diagnosis and control of west nile disease. | in europe, many flaviviruses are endemic (west nile, usutu, tick-borne encephalitis viruses) or occasionally imported (dengue, yellow fever viruses). due to the temporal and geographical co-circulation of flaviviruses in europe, flavivirus differentiation by diagnostic tests is crucial in the adaptation of surveillance and control efforts. serological diagnosis of flavivirus infections is complicated by the antigenic similarities among the flavivirus genus. indeed, most flavivirus antibodies are ... | 2013 | 24225644 |
| the family parvoviridae. | a set of proposals to rationalize and extend the taxonomy of the family parvoviridae is currently under review by the international committee on taxonomy of viruses (ictv). viruses in this family infect a wide range of hosts, as reflected by the longstanding division into two subfamilies: the parvovirinae, which contains viruses that infect vertebrate hosts, and the densovirinae, encompassing viruses that infect arthropod hosts. using a modified definition for classification into the family that ... | 2013 | 24212889 |
| acetylcholinesterase (ace-1) target site mutation 119s is strongly diagnostic of carbamate and organophosphate resistance in anopheles gambiae s.s. and anopheles coluzzii across southern ghana. | with high ddt resistance present throughout much of west africa, carbamates and organophosphates are increasingly important alternatives to pyrethroids for indoor residual spraying (irs). though less widespread, resistance to both of these alternative insecticide classes has also been documented within the anopheles gambiae species pair (formerly the m and s molecular forms) in west africa. to manage insecticide efficacy, it is important to predict how and where resistance is likely to occur and ... | 2013 | 24206629 |
| multiple insecticide resistances in the disease vector culex p. quinquefasciatus from western indian ocean. | several mosquito-borne diseases affect the western indian ocean islands. culex pipiens quinquefasciatus is one of these vectors and transmits filariasis, rift valley and west nile viruses and the japanese encephalitis. to limit the impact of these diseases on public health, considerable vector control efforts have been implemented since the 50s, mainly through the use of neurotoxic insecticides belonging to organochlorines (oc), organophosphates (op) and pyrethroids (pyr) families. however, mosq ... | 2013 | 24204997 |
| transcriptional regulation of culex pipiens mosquitoes by wolbachia influences cytoplasmic incompatibility. | cytoplasmic incompatibility (ci) induced by the endosymbiont wolbachia pipientis causes complex patterns of crossing sterility between populations of the culex pipiens group of mosquitoes. the molecular basis of the phenotype is yet to be defined. in order to investigate what host changes may underlie ci at the molecular level, we examined the transcription of a homolog of the drosophila melanogaster gene grauzone that encodes a zinc finger protein and acts as a regulator of female meiosis, in w ... | 2013 | 24204251 |
| impact of housing condition on indoor-biting and indoor-resting anopheles arabiensis density in a highland area, central ethiopia. | exposure of individuals to malaria infection may depend on their housing conditions as houses serve as biting and resting places of vectors. this study describes the association of housing conditions with densities of indoor-biting and indoor-resting anopheles arabiensis in hobe, dirama and wurib villages of a highland area in central ethiopia. | 2013 | 24191901 |
| investigating the genetics of bti resistance using mrna tag sequencing: application on laboratory strains and natural populations of the dengue vector aedes aegypti. | mosquito control is often the main method used to reduce mosquito-transmitted diseases. in order to investigate the genetic basis of resistance to the bio-insecticide bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis (bti), we used information on polymorphism obtained from cdna tag sequences from pooled larvae of laboratory bti-resistant and susceptible aedes aegypti mosquito strains to identify and analyse 1520 single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps). of the 372 snps tested, 99.2% were validated using d ... | 2013 | 24187584 |
| proteomic and metabolomic profiles of larval hemolymph associated with diapause in the cotton bollworm, helicoverpa armigera. | diapause is programmed developmental arrest coupled with the depression of metabolic activity and the enhancement of stress resistance. pupal diapause is induced by environmental signals and is prepared during the prediapause phase. in the cotton bollworm, helicoverpa armigera, the prediapause phase, which contains two sub-phases, diapause induction and preparation, occurs in the larval stage. here, we performed parallel proteomic and metabolomic analyses on h. armigera larval hemolymph during t ... | 2013 | 24180224 |
| feeding behavior and spatial distribution of culex mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) in wetland areas of the czech republic. | mosquito feeding behavior determines the degree of vector-host contact and may have a serious impact on the risk of pathogen transmission, including that of the west nile virus (wnv). to measure the role of culex mosquitoes as wnv vectors, host-seeking females were collected using animal-baited traps containing live birds (quail) or mammals (rabbits) and co2-baited center for disease control and prevention traps placed in several wetland areas in the czech republic. culex pipiens (l.) and culex ... | 2013 | 24180115 |
| host selection patterns of culex tarsalis (diptera: culicidae) at wetlands near the salton sea, coachella valley, california, 1998-2002. | the bloodmeal hosts used by culex tarsalis coquillett collected along the salton sea in coachella valley, ca, during 1998-2002 were identified using sequences of the cytochrome c oxidase i gene identified from barcode of life database. overall, 265 (83.3%) of 318 bloodmeals were identified, of which 76.6% fed on birds, 18.1% on mammals, and 5.3% on reptiles. forty-seven different hosts were identified, none of which comprised > 12.5% of the total. although cx. tarsalis exhibits specific host-see ... | 0 | 24180112 |
| flight capacity of adult culex pipiens pallens (diptera: culicidae) in relation to gender and day-age. | culex pipiens pallens (l.) is the most common mosquito in houses of central and northern china. it is the primary vector of lymphatic filariasis and japanese encephalitis. the flight range of mosquitoes is an important factor predicting the risk area of transmission of mosquito-borne pathogens to vertebrate hosts. the flight performance of cx. pipiens pallens was measured with a 26-channel computer-monitored flight-mill system. we found that females had longer flight capability than males for to ... | 2013 | 24180110 |
| species-specific pcr to describe local-scale distributions of four cryptic species in the penicillium chrysogenum complex. | penicillium chrysogenum is a ubiquitous airborne fungus detected in every sampled region of the earth. owing to its role in alexander fleming's serendipitous discovery of penicillin in 1928, the fungus has generated widespread scientific interest; however its natural history is not well understood. research has demonstrated speciation within p. chrysogenum, describing the existence of four cryptic species. to discriminate the four species, we developed protocols for species-specific diagnostic p ... | 0 | 24179477 |
| west nile virus. | 2013 | 24179475 | |
| west nile virus: a re-emerging pathogen revisited. | west nile virus (wnv), a flavivirus of the flaviviridae family, is maintained in nature in an enzootic transmission cycle between avian hosts and ornithophilic mosquito vectors, although the virus occasionally infects other vertebrates. wnv causes sporadic disease outbreaks in horses and humans, which may result in febrile illness, meningitis, encephalitis and flaccid paralysis. until recently, its medical and veterinary health concern was relatively low; however, the number, frequency and sever ... | 0 | 24175211 |
| crouching tiger, hidden trouble: urban sources of aedes albopictus (diptera: culicidae) refractory to source-reduction. | our ultimate objective is to design cost-effective control strategies for aedes albopictus, the asian tiger mosquito, an important urban nuisance and disease vector that expanded worldwide during the last 40 years. we conducted mosquito larval surveys from may through october 2009 in the city of trenton, new jersey, usa, while performing intensive monthly source-reduction campaigns that involved removing, emptying, or treating all accessible containers with larvicides and pupicides. we examined ... | 2013 | 24167593 |
| differential expression of olfactory genes in the southern house mosquito and insights into unique odorant receptor gene isoforms. | the southern house mosquito, culex quinquefasciatus, has one of the most acute and eclectic olfactory systems of all mosquito species hitherto studied. here, we used illumina sequencing to identify olfactory genes expressed predominantly in antenna, mosquito's main olfactory organ. less than 50% of the trimmed reads generated by high-quality libraries aligned to a transcript, but approximately 70% of them aligned to the genome. differential expression analysis, which was validated by quantitativ ... | 2013 | 24167245 |
| japanese encephalitis: the virus and vaccines. | japanese encephalitis (je) is an infectious disease of the central nervous system caused by japanese encephalitis virus (jev), a zoonotic mosquito-borne flavivirus. jev is prevalent in much of asia and the western pacific, with over 4 billion people living at risk of infection. in the absence of antiviral intervention, vaccination is the only strategy to develop long-term sustainable protection against jev infection. over the past half-century, a mouse brain-derived inactivated vaccine has been ... | 2013 | 24161909 |
| surveillance and vector control of lymphatic filariasis in the republic of korea. | until the early 2000s, lymphatic filariasis would commonly break out in the coastal areas in korea. through steady efforts combining investigation and treatment, filariasis was officially declared eradicated in 2008. this study surveyed the density of vector species of filariasis in past endemic areas, and inspected filariasis dna from collected mosquitoes for protection against the reemergence of filariasis. | 0 | 24159506 |
| european surveillance for west nile virus in mosquito populations. | a wide range of arthropod-borne viruses threaten both human and animal health either through their presence in europe or through risk of introduction. prominent among these is west nile virus (wnv), primarily an avian virus, which has caused multiple outbreaks associated with human and equine mortality. endemic outbreaks of west nile fever have been reported in italy, greece, france, romania, hungary, russia and spain, with further spread expected. most outbreaks in western europe have been due ... | 2013 | 24157510 |
| phyletic distribution of fatty acid-binding protein genes. | fatty acid-binding proteins (fabps) are a family of fatty acid-binding small proteins essential for lipid trafficking, energy storage and gene regulation. although they have 20 to 70% amino acid sequence identity, these proteins share a conserved tertiary structure comprised of ten beta sheets and two alpha helixes. availability of the complete genomes of 34 invertebrates, together with transcriptomes and ests, allowed us to systematically investigate the gene structure and alternative splicing ... | 2013 | 24155969 |
| permethrin induction of multiple cytochrome p450 genes in insecticide resistant mosquitoes, culex quinquefasciatus. | the expression of some insect p450 genes can be induced by both exogenous and endogenous compounds and there is evidence to suggest that multiple constitutively overexpressed p450 genes are co-responsible for the development of resistance to permethrin in resistant mosquitoes. this study characterized the permethrin induction profiles of p450 genes known to be constitutively overexpressed in resistant mosquitoes, culex quinquefasciatus. the gene expression in 7 of the 19 p450 genes cyp325k3v1, c ... | 2013 | 24155662 |
| mosquitoes of western yunnan province, china: seasonal abundance, diversity, and arbovirus associations. | the western borderland between yunnan province, china, and myanmar is characterized by a climate that facilitates year-round production of mosquitoes. numerous mosquito-transmitted viruses, including japanese encephalitis virus circulate in this area. this project was to describe seasonal patterns in mosquito species abundance and arbovirus activity in the mosquito populations. | 2013 | 24146951 |
| mtx toxins from lysinibacillus sphaericus enhance mosquitocidal cry-toxin activity and suppress cry-resistance in culex quinquefasciatus. | the interaction of mtx toxins from lysinibacillus sphaericus (formerly bacillus sphaericus) with bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis cry toxins and the influence of such interactions on cry-resistance were evaluated in susceptible and cry-resistant culex quinquefasciatus larvae. mtx-1 and mtx-2 were observed to be active against both susceptible and resistant mosquitoes; however varying levels of cross-resistance toward mtx toxins were observed in the resistant mosquitoes. a 1:1 mixture of ... | 2013 | 24144574 |
| larvicidal activity of the active constituent isolated from tabebuia avellanedae bark and structurally related derivatives against three mosquito species. | mosquito larvicidal activities of active constituent isolated from tabebuia avellanedae bark and its structurally related derivatives were examined against the fourth instar larvae of aedes aegypti, culex pipiens pallens, and ochlerotatus togoi. the insecticidal constituent of t. avellanedae bark was isolated by chromatographic techniques and identified as 2-hydroxy-3-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)-1,4-naphthalenedione. on the basis of the 50% lethal concentration (lc50) values against c. pipiens pallens ... | 2013 | 24144401 |
| predicting distribution of aedes aegypti and culex pipiens complex, potential vectors of rift valley fever virus in relation to disease epidemics in east africa. | the east african region has experienced several rift valley fever (rvf) outbreaks since the 1930s. the objective of this study was to identify distributions of potential disease vectors in relation to disease epidemics. understanding disease vector potential distributions is a major concern for disease transmission dynamics. | 2013 | 24137533 |
| aedes aegypti ml and niemann-pick type c family members are agonists of dengue virus infection. | upon exposure to dengue virus, the aedes aegypti mosquito vector mounts an anti-viral immune defense by activating the toll, jak/stat, and rnai pathways, thereby limiting infection. while these pathways and several other factors have been identified as dengue virus antagonists, our knowledge of factors that facilitate dengue virus infection is limited. previous dengue virus infection-responsive transcriptome analyses have revealed an increased mrna abundance of members of the myeloid differentia ... | 2013 | 24135719 |
| mosquito saliva serine protease enhances dissemination of dengue virus into the mammalian host. | dengue virus (denv), a flavivirus of global importance, is transmitted to humans by mosquitoes. in this study, we developed in vitro and in vivo models of saliva-mediated enhancement of denv infectivity. serine protease activity in aedes aegypti saliva augmented virus infectivity in vitro by proteolyzing extracellular matrix proteins, thereby increasing viral attachment to heparan sulfate proteoglycans and inducing cell migration. a serine protease inhibitor reduced saliva-mediated enhancement o ... | 2013 | 24131723 |
| the genome of mesobuthus martensii reveals a unique adaptation model of arthropods. | representing a basal branch of arachnids, scorpions are known as 'living fossils' that maintain an ancient anatomy and are adapted to have survived extreme climate changes. here we report the genome sequence of mesobuthus martensii, containing 32,016 protein-coding genes, the most among sequenced arthropods. although m. martensii appears to evolve conservatively, it has a greater gene family turnover than the insects that have undergone diverse morphological and physiological changes, suggesting ... | 0 | 24129506 |
| ecological niche modelling of potential west nile virus vector mosquito species and their geographical association with equine epizootics in italy. | in italy, west nile virus (wnv) equine outbreaks have occurred annually since 2008. characterizing wnv vector habitat requirements allows for the identification of areas at risk of viral amplification and transmission. maxent-based ecological niche models were developed using literature records of 13 potential wnv italian vector mosquito species to predict their habitat suitability range and to investigate possible geographical associations with wnv equine outbreak occurrence in italy from 2008 ... | 2014 | 24121802 |
| identification, characterization, and functional analysis of tube and pelle homologs in the mud crab scylla paramamosain. | tube and pelle are essential components in drosophila toll signaling pathway. in this study, we characterized a pair of crustacean homologs of tube and pelle in scylla paramamosain, namely, sptube and sppelle, and analyzed their immune functions. the full-length cdna of sptube had 2052 bp with a 1578 bp open reading frame (orf) encoding a protein with 525 aa. a death domain (dd) and a kinase domain were predicted in the deduced protein. the full-length cdna of sppelle had 3825 bp with a 3420 bp ... | 2013 | 24116143 |
| molecular identification of vertebrate and hemoparasite dna within mosquito blood meals from eastern north dakota. | to understand local transmission of vector-borne diseases, it is important to identify potential vectors, characterize their host feeding patterns, and determine if vector-borne pathogens are circulating within the region. this study simultaneously investigated these aspects of disease transmission by collecting engorged mosquitoes within two rural study sites in the central red river valley of north dakota. mosquitoes were identified, midguts were excised, and the blood was expelled from the mi ... | 2013 | 24107213 |
| the complex epidemiological scenario of west nile virus in italy. | entomological, veterinary, and human surveillance systems for west nile virus (wnv) infection have been implemented in italy since the first detection of the virus in 1998. these surveillance activities documented a progressive increase of wnv activity and spread in different regions and the emergence of new wnv lineages and strains. italy is a paradigmatic example of the complex epidemiology of wnv in europe, where sporadic cases of wnv infection, clusters, and small outbreaks have been reporte ... | 2013 | 24084676 |
| mutation in the rmβaor gene is associated with amitraz resistance in the cattle tick rhipicephalus microplus. | we aimed to describe the evolution of resistance to amitraz in rhipicephalus microplus in the field and to test the association between amitraz resistance and the frequency of a mutation in the β-adrenergic octopamine receptor gene (rmβaor). we established six populations of rhipicephalus microplus ticks in similar paddocks by the admixture of ticks from strains known to be susceptible and resistant to amitraz and synthetic pyrethroids. each population was managed using one of three acaricide tr ... | 2013 | 24082133 |
| high-efficiency thermal asymmetric interlaced pcr (hitail-pcr) for determination of a highly degenerated prophage wo genome in a wolbachia strain infecting a fig wasp species. | temperate bacteriophage wo is a model system for studying tripartite interactions among viruses, bacteria, and eukaryotes, especially investigations of the genomic stability of obligate intracellular bacteria. few wo genomes exist because of the difficulty in isolating viral dna from eukaryotic hosts, and most reports are by-products of wolbachia sequencing. only one partial genome of a wo phage has been determined directly from isolated particles. we determine the complete genome sequence of pr ... | 2013 | 24077701 |
| population genomics of rapid adaptation by soft selective sweeps. | organisms can often adapt surprisingly quickly to evolutionary challenges, such as the application of pesticides or antibiotics, suggesting an abundant supply of adaptive genetic variation. in these situations, adaptation should commonly produce 'soft' selective sweeps, where multiple adaptive alleles sweep through the population at the same time, either because the alleles were already present as standing genetic variation or arose independently by recurrent de novo mutations. most well-known e ... | 2013 | 24075201 |
| imperviousness as a predictor for infestation levels of container-breeding mosquitoes in a focus of dengue and saint louis encephalitis in argentina. | dengue and saint louis encephalitis virus are among the most important emerging viruses transmitted by mosquitoes at the global scale, and from 2009 onward both diseases have reached temperate argentina. to test whether the urbanization level can be used as a predictor for the infestation levels of container-breeding mosquito vectors, we searched for aedes aegypti and culex pipiens in 8400 water-filled containers from 14 cemeteries of buenos aires province and we used generalized linear models t ... | 2013 | 24071380 |
| southernmost asia is the source of japanese encephalitis virus (genotype 1) diversity from which the viruses disperse and evolve throughout asia. | although a previous study predicted that japanese encephalitis virus (jev) originated in the malaysia/indonesia region, the virus is known to circulate mainly on the asian continent. however, there are no reported systematic studies that adequately define how jev then dispersed throughout asia. | 2013 | 24069502 |
| temephos resistance in aedes aegypti in colombia compromises dengue vector control. | control and prevention of dengue relies heavily on the application of insecticides to control dengue vector mosquitoes. in colombia, application of the larvicide temephos to the aquatic breeding sites of aedes aegypti is a key part of the dengue control strategy. resistance to temephos was recently detected in the dengue-endemic city of cucuta, leading to questions about its efficacy as a control tool. here, we characterize the underlying mechanisms and estimate the operational impact of this re ... | 2013 | 24069492 |
| discovery of a unique novel clade of mosquito-associated bunyaviruses. | bunyaviruses are the largest known family of rna viruses, infecting vertebrates, insects, and plants. here we isolated three novel bunyaviruses from mosquitoes sampled in côte d'ivoire, ghana, and uganda. the viruses define a highly diversified monophyletic sister clade to all members of the genus orthobunyavirus and are virtually equidistant to orthobunyaviruses and tospoviruses. maximal amino acid identities between homologous putative proteins of the novel group and orthobunyaviruses ranged b ... | 2013 | 24067954 |
| genome sequencing of west nile virus from human cases in greece, 2012. | a west nile virus (wnv) lineage 2 strain, named nea santa-greece-2010, has been demonstrated to be responsible for the large outbreaks of neuroinvasive disease (wnnd) that have been occurring in greece since 2010, based on sequence similarities of viral isolates identified between 2010-2012. however, knowledge on the evolution of this strain is scarce because only partial wnv genome sequences are available from greece. the aim of this study was to get the complete genome sequence of wnv from pat ... | 2013 | 24064795 |
| evidence for the occurrence of two sympatric sibling species within the anopheles (kerteszia) cruzii complex in southeast brazil and the detection of asymmetric introgression between them using a multilocus analysis. | anopheles (kerteszia) cruzii (diptera: culicidae) is a primary vector of human and simian malaria parasites in southern and southeastern brazil. earlier studies using chromosome inversions, isoenzymes and a number of molecular markers have suggested that an. cruzii is a species complex. | 2013 | 24063651 |