Publications

structure of bovine prothrombin fragment 1 refined at 2.25 a resolution.	the structure of bovine prothrombin fragment 1 has been refined at 2.25 a resolution using high resolution measurements made with the synchrotron beam at chess. the synchrotron data were collected photographically by oscillation methods (r-merge = 0.08). these were combined with lower order diffractometer data for refinement purposes. the structure was refined using restrained least-squares methods with the program prolsq to a crystallographic r-value of 0.175. the structure includes 105 water m ...	1991	1856869
factor structure of temperament in the third year of life.	the hypothesis that the nine dimensions of temperament defined by chess and thomas (1984) would emerge in a principal components analysis of maternal descriptions of 763 two-year-olds in a longitudinal study was not confirmed. the only component that bore any resemblance to the a priori dimensions of temperament proposed by chess and thomas was the sixth component--defining rhythmicity--in a promax rotation. a higher order rotation to a two-factor solution produced components representing sociab ...	1991	1757784
[visual evoked potentials in chessboard pattern reversion in children with optic neuritis].	visual evoked potentials (vep) to chess pattern reversion were studied in 17 children with optic neurites during the acute stage and in the course of convalescence 1-2 months and 1-3 years after the disease onset. coarse vep changes were detected in the patients during the acute stage of optic neuritis. a positive time course of vep was followed up in late periods after the acute attack of the disease. despite normalization of vision acuity, no complete restoration of vep to small-cell chess pat ...	2006	1755170
hemispheric specialization for skilled perceptual organization by chessmasters.	the right cerebral hemisphere may be relatively specialized for parsing simple visual stimuli according to default rules, such as the gestalt laws of perceptual organization, whereas the left cerebral hemisphere may be relatively specialized for overriding such default rules. we extend this model to 'semantically rich domains' by performing a divided-visual-field experiment on 16 chessmasters. such subjects are able to recall and recognize complex chess positions by chunking the basic elements o ...	1992	1738469
working memory.	the term working memory refers to a brain system that provides temporary storage and manipulation of the information necessary for such complex cognitive tasks as language comprehension, learning, and reasoning. this definition has evolved from the concept of a unitary short-term memory system. working memory has been found to require the simultaneous storage and processing of information. it can be divided into the following three subcomponents: (i) the central executive, which is assumed to be ...	1992	1736359
"chess-board pattern" spatial modulation of magnetization. assessment of myocardial function.	heart motion is a complex combination of translation, rotation, and concentric contraction. evaluation of these complex motions has been difficult using conventional slice-selective methods. noninvasive tagging of the heart has been obtained by the use of slice-selective radiofrequency pulses. through spatial modulation of the magnetization the entire image can be labeled in different patterns. two new pulse sequences are presented, giving a chess-board like spatial modulation. these pulse seque ...	1992	1731837
the 'sicilian gambit'. a new approach to the classification of antiarrhythmic drugs based on their actions on arrhythmogenic mechanisms. the task force of the working group on arrhythmias of the european society of cardiology.	the queen's gambit is an opening move in chess that provides a variety of aggressive options to the player electing it. this report represents a similar gambit (the 'sicilian gambit') on the part of a group of basic and clinical investigators who met in taormina, sicily, to consider the classification of antiarrhythmic drugs. paramount to their considerations were (1) dissatisfaction with the options offered by existing classification systems for inspiring and directing research, development and ...	1991	1723682
the sicilian gambit. a new approach to the classification of antiarrhythmic drugs based on their actions on arrhythmogenic mechanisms. task force of the working group on arrhythmias of the european society of cardiology.	the queen's gambit is an opening move in chess that provides a variety of aggressive options to the player electing it. this report represents a similar gambit (the sicilian gambit) on the part of a group of basic and clinical investigators who met in taormina, sicily to consider the classification of antiarrhythmic drugs. paramount to their considerations were 1) dissatisfaction with the options offered by existing classification systems for inspiring and directing research, development, and th ...	1991	1717173
[treatment of depression by a combination of clomipramine and triiodothyronine].	the clinical efficacy of a treatment with clomipramine (150 mg/day) associated with a daily dose of 50 micrograms of lt3 (cmi + lt3) compared to a treatment with clomipramine (150 mg/day) (cmi + placebo) for a period of 42 days has been examined in a pilot study, randomized in double-blind conditions, including 20 patients with a normal thyroid status, but presenting a major depressive syndrome (dsm iii). the minimum including score was 30 on the montgomery asberg scale (madrs). the patients wer ...	2015	1669033
why cheat?		1992	1614520
the general intelligence and spatial abilities of gifted young belgian chess players.	thirty-three tournament-level young belgian chess players aged 8 to 13 were tested with the french wisc (wechsler intelligence scale for children). the mean full scale iq = 121, verbal iq = 109 and performance iq = 129. the results suggest that a high level of general intelligence and of spatial ability are necessary to achieve a high standard of play in chess. the high spatial ability of these young chess players suggested by the high performance iqs may go some way towards explaining why males ...	1992	1611410
children and chess expertise: the role of calibration.	three studies of calibration are reported. calibration refers to the accuracy with which one can predict one's own performance. in the first study child chess players, non-chess playing parents, and statistics students were asked to predict chances of winning chess games against hypothetical opponents. these subjective probabilities were compared to the actual probabilities, based on the elo rating system. better players' predictions were better calibrated. confidence and ratings are negatively ...	1992	1603888
learned helplessness in chess players: the importance of task similarity and the role of skill.	the effects of noncontingency between subjects' responses and outcomes were examined with respect to treatment-and-posttest similarity and skill in the task. the experimental design consisted of three groups. the first group had to solve chess problems with objective solutions and received veridical feedback; each member of the second group faced problems with no objective solutions, and received the same feedback as the member of the first group he was yoked with, but without any control on it; ...	1992	1603887
error in chess: the apperception-restructuring view.	five protocol-analysis experiments with tactical, endgame, and strategic positions were conducted to study cognitive errors in chess players' thinking. it will be argued that chess players' errors can be only partially explained in terms of unspecified working-memory overload, because the working-memory loads caused by the solution paths are usually small. it is therefore necessary to consider apperceptive mechanisms also, as these control information intake. subjects fail either because they ar ...	1992	1603886
[possibilities of the use of visual evoked potentials in the evaluation of visual acuity in congenital myopia in children].	studies of visual evoked potentials (ep) to chess field reversion in 80 children (147 eyes) aged 5 to 16 with congenital myopia have demonstrated significant deviations from the reference values of the p100 component to all the stimuli. the clinical groups with various changes in the fundus oculi were found to differ by the p100 component amplitude when chess fields with cells 112 and 56 angular min in size were shown. the number of discrepancies between the clinical vision acuity and its assess ...	2006	1585538
[visual evoked potentials in children with congenital glaucoma].	phasic and established visual evoked potentials (vep) to homogeneous light field and chess patterns were studied in 25 patients (48 eyes) aged 1.5 months to 9 years with different stages of congenital glaucoma and in 114 age-matched healthy children. patients with almost absolute and far progressed stages of the disease presented with gross changes of vep to both large- and small-cell chess patterns. in patients with the initial stages of decompensated congenital glaucoma vep to mostly large-cel ...	2006	1585529
fat suppression with an improved selective presaturation pulse.	chemical shift selective (chess) imaging is an efficient and easily implemented technique for suppression of the fat component in clinical images. a gaussian pulse is widely used as the selective presaturation pulse in the chess technique. however, a gaussian pulse hardly performs well even if the magnetic field is very carefully shimmed. in clinical applications, the fat and water peaks are always inhomogeneously broadened. we have analyzed the performance of the gaussian pulse in the presence ...	1992	1545681
carbon-13 chemical shift imaging of [1-13c] glucose under metabolism in the rat head in vivo.	carbon-13 chemical shift images (metabolic maps) of [1-13c] glucose in the heads of rats were obtained and compared with proton images of the same rats in terms of signal allocation. wistar rats were kept awake or anesthetized. [1-13c] glucose was injected intravenously in a dose of 1 g per kg of body weight. the head of the wistar rat was placed on or into circular coils. carbon-13 images were obtained using a 7.05 tesla system. a simple spin echo sequence was used with a chemical shift selecti ...	1992	1509107
memory recall in a process control system: a measure of expertise and display effectiveness.	previous research has shown that memory-recall performance is correlated with domain expertise. in this study, a process control system was selected as a vehicle for conducting research on memory recall. the primary purposes of the present work were to determine if the classic expertise effects originally obtained in chess generalize to this novel domain and to evaluate the validity of memory recall as a measure of display effectiveness. experts and novices viewed dynamic event sequences showing ...	1992	1495398
chess: a computer-based system for providing information, referrals, decision support and social support to people facing medical and other health-related crises.	chess (the comprehensive health enhancement support system) is an interactive, computer-based system to support people facing health-related crises or concerns. chess provides information, referral to service providers, support in making tough decisions and networking to experts and others facing the same concerns. chess will improve access to health and human services for people who would otherwise face psychological, social, economic or geographic barriers to receiving services. chess has deve ...	1992	1482860
cloning and expression of an embryo-specific mrna up-regulated in hydrated dormant seeds.	dormant seeds do not germinate when imbibed in water even when conditions are favorable for germination. these hydrated seeds remain viable, but growth-arrested for weeks due to unknown restrictions within the embryo. as a model system for the study of the molecular processes occurring in dormant seeds, we have chosen to examine gene expression in bromus secalinas, a grass species that produces seeds with high levels of embryonic dormancy. using differential screening for mrnas present in hydrat ...	1992	1377965
structure of the oxidized long-chain flavodoxin from anabaena 7120 at 2 a resolution.	the structure of the long-chain flavodoxin from the photosynthetic cyanobacterium anabaena 7120 has been determined at 2 a resolution by the molecular replacement method using the atomic coordinates of the long-chain flavodoxin from anacystis nidulans. the structure of a third long-chain flavodoxin from chondrus crispus has recently been reported. crystals of oxidized a. 7120 flavodoxin belong to the monoclinic space group p2(1) with a = 48.0, b = 32.0, c = 51.6 a, and beta = 92 degrees, and one ...	1992	1303762
the council for health and environmental safety of soils.	the council for health and environmental safety of soils (chess) was organized in 1987 to develop a consensus soil risk assessment methodology to be used as a framework for establishing standards for soil contamination to protect the environment and public health. the wide range of contaminating substances of possible health concern in soil is affecting land use and development, causing excessive economic expenditures, and the regulatory approaches for control are disperse. the international soc ...	1992	1293644
amorphosynthesis on the chess board.	visual spatial perception difficulities on the chest board have been studied in a patient with a dominant hemisphere infarction. the game of chess can be useful to demonstrate and follow the evolution of amorphosynthesis.	1975	1220001
difficulties with positioning robertshaw double lumen tubes.	difficulties in positioning robertshaw tubes have been reviewed in a retrospective and a prospective series. pre-operative cheat x-rays did not help in predicting difficulties. the performance of the robertshaw tube was carefully recorded for each malposition in the prospective series, and the relationship of the malplaced tube to the tracheobronchial tree was reconstructed. this exercise allowed a more precise definition of the dangers of malpositions and formulation of procedure to minimize th ...	1975	1211610
talking chess for the blind.		1975	1194553
effects of personality-situation locus of control congruence.	the effects of combining personality and situation differences in locus of control on cheating behavior were tested. eighty college students (36 male and 44 female) were classified as having relatively high internal or external locus of control beliefs using rotter's internal-external scale. in subsequent individually conducted sessions, subjects were given the opportunity to falsely report success (i.e., to cheat) when success was objectively impossible and when the outcome was described as due ...	1975	1185506
reflex epilepsy evoked by decision making.	a patient had seizures while playing chess or cards or when filling out complex forms, doing complex mathematical problems, and during certain parts of the neuropsychological testing. seizures were myoclonic and accompanied and electroencephalographic dysrhythmia of the atypical spike and wave type. evoked seizures were not related to visual, tactile, or auditory stimuli or clues. in chess, seizures occurred when he was on the defense and threatened. simple decision making or physiologic stress ...	1975	1115662
psychosomatic rehabilitation of elderly persons.	the psychosomatic rehabilitation of the elderly is an important task from both social and economic viewpoints. for psychic rehabilitation, moderate activity and the playing of games (such as chess, dominoes or cards) are recommended. based on experiences with a group of 50 persons of the 70-90 age group., bridge playing is an especially desirable form of recreation. for somatic rehabilitation, physical exercise is a valuable aid, based on experiences with 338 partially disabled patients of the 5 ...	1975	1112964
the cheating and intention of a partner as determinants of evaluative decisions among juvenile offenders.	male juvenile offenders were asked to evaluate the work of an experimental partner (confederate) who completed a work task four times. the work partner cheated on two trials and did not cheat on two trials while working for a charity (one cheat and one noncheat trial) or for selfish gain (one cheat and one noncheat trial). it was found that subjects rated the work done on cheating trials lower than work done on noncheating trials. in addition, subjects shared less reward money on cheating trials ...	1976	972207
[effect of defocusing a visual stimulus on a human evoked potential].	a study was made of ep recorded in the visual projection area of the cerebral cortex in children with normal sight and in those with disturbed refraction when presented with blank and checkered patterns, the dimensions of the chess squares equalling 10, 20, 40, 60 and 120 angular minutes. in children with normal sight the patterns were defocussed by eyeglass lenses of --1 to +/- 6 dioptries. the investigation revealed a different ep configuration on the presentation of blank and checkered patter ...	1977	857479
interactions of fosfomycin with other antibiotics.	we selected 100 strains of organisms that were isolated in our hospital, which came from pathological products and which had an mic of fosfomycin of 256 mug/ml or more and belonged to the genera klebsiella, pseudomonas, escherichia coli, serratia, enterobacter, proteus, acinetobacter, levinea and staphylococcus. we have studied the effect of the association of fosfomycin with 15 antibiotics (beta-lactamins, cephalosporins, aminoglycosides, etc.) and 5 chemotherapeutics. the 11 selected strains w ...	1977	832546
effects of orienting tasks on recognition of chess positions.	two experiments using a levels-of-processing paradigm were performed to demonstrate the existence and usefulness of a semantic component in chess knowledge. experiment i compared forced-choice recognition of chess positions after a structural task (piece counting) as opposed to a semantic task (choosing a move). recognition accuracy, confidence, and familiarity ratings all showed a facilitation effect in the semantic condition. by including an orienting task that did not encourage semantic proce ...	1978	752270
effects of personality and situational variation in locus of control on cheating: determinants of the "congruence effect".	thirty-two male and 32 female introductory psychology students were given the opportunity to falsely report success (i.e., to cheat) on a series of objectively unsolvable achievement tasks. consistent with previous evidence, a personality x situational locus of control interaction effect, accounting for 24% of the variance, was found whereby persons classified as having generalized internal locus of control beliefs (internals) cheated more when the task was described as requiring skill while tho ...	1978	650381
chess and combat: the algorithm in medicine.		1977	579214
effect of physostigmine and scopolamine on the memory functions of chess players.	six young trained chess players received 10 consecutive tasks comprising problematic play position at chess. each subject was tested four times with drug orders balanced across subjects. compared with saline placebo, physostigmine (20 microgram/kg i.v.) in the presence of peripheral muscarinic blockade (methylscopolamine 6 microgram/kg i.v.) impaired the performance of good players, but the amount of correct solutions was increased when the initial performance level was low. scopolamine (6 micro ...	1967	547122
[the "bad mother" to the vulnerability of the parent child relationship].	this paper summarizes the results of a longitudinal study on young asthmatic children and particularly on the mother-child relationship in this illness: at both observation times--14 to 30 months and 4 to 6 years--the majority of the children appeaed to be developing in a very adequate manner, both in the area of autonomy and opposition. similarly, in most situations, the mothers appeared quite adequate in the face of their child's illness, and mother-child relationships, generally, seemed harmo ...	1979	519629
the nhi chess game.		1979	469433
what if the government thinks you're a medicare cheat?		1978	359970
algorithms, medicine, chess, and war.		1978	347109
do dental students cheat?	in a questionnaire survey, dental students from all four classes at the university of iowa college of dentistry were asked if they had cheated during their first and second years. they were then asked if they believed that others cheated. cheating was admitted to by 43 percent of the respondents, but 94 percent believed it was occurring. plagiarism was delineated as a form of cheating; while fewer students admitted to its use, the reported occurrence should be of concern in technique courses. re ...	1979	292690
an approach to the analysis of activities: the game of chess.		1975	46152