Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| characterization of the phenylalanine ammonia-lyase gene (slpal5) from tomato (solanum lycopersicum l.). | phylogenetic analysis based on the deduced amino acid sequence of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase gene (slpal5) cdna from tomato (solanum lycopersicum l.) revealed high sequence similarity to pal genes in nicotiana tabacum (92%), ipomoea nil (87%), manihot esculenta (84%), and catharanthus roseus (84%). the slpal5 gene exists as multiple copies in the tomato plant, and its transcription was strongly expressed in old leaves and flowers. from 5 days post-anthesis to the onset of ripening, slpal5 expre ... | 2009 | 18791854 |
| multiplex pcr for the detection of african cassava mosaic virus and east african cassava mosaic cameroon virus in cassava. | a multiplex pcr was developed for simultaneous detection of african cassava mosaic virus (acmv) and east african cassava mosaic cameroon virus (eacmcv) in cassava affected with cassava mosaic disease (cmd). one set of three primers consisting of an upstream primer common for both viruses and two down stream virus-specific primers were designed for simultaneous amplification of 368 base pair (bp) and 650 bp dna fragments specific to the replicase gene of acmv and eacmcv, respectively. similarly, ... | 2008 | 18789974 |
| intestinal inflammation in nursing infants: different causes and a single treatment ... but of protected origin. | three case histories of nursing infants suffering from different forms of intestinal problems, who underwent special dietary therapy in order to solve situations that would be difficult to deal with using the special artificial milk varieties on the market, are presented. these children were administered a homemade food consisting ofparmigiano reggiano cheese seasoned for at least 36 months, rice or maize custard and tapioca, sugar, maize oil. in the first case the diagnosis of "widespread nonsp ... | 2008 | 18788512 |
| effects of soya fatty acids on cassava ethanol fermentation. | ethanol tolerance is a key trait of microbes in bioethanol production. previous studies have shown that soya flour contributed to the increase of ethanol tolerance of yeast cells. in this paper, the mechanism of this ethanol tolerance improvement was investigated in cassava ethanol fermentation supplemented with soya flour or defatted soya flour, respectively. experiment results showed that ethanol tolerance of cells from soya flour supplemented medium increased by 4-6% (v/v) than the control wi ... | 2010 | 18769879 |
| cloning, extracellular expression and characterization of a predominant beta-cgtase from bacillus sp. g1 in e. coli. | the cyclodextrin glucanotransferase (cgtase, ec 2.4.1.19) gene from bacillus sp. g1 was successfully isolated and cloned into escherichia coli. analysis of the nucleotide sequence revealed the presence of an open reading frame of 2,109 bp and encoded a 674 amino acid protein. purified cgtase exhibited a molecular weight of 75 kda and had optimum activity at ph 6 and 60 degrees c. heterologous recombinant protein expression in e. coli is commonly problematic causing intracellular localization and ... | 2008 | 18726621 |
| an investigation of microbial adhesion to natural and synthetic polysaccharide-based films and its relationship with the surface energy components. | in recent years, polysaccharide-based films have been developed for many applications. some of these are in the pharmaceutical industry, where the adhesion of microorganisms to surfaces is a concern. after adhesion of a microorganism to a solid surface has taken place, the subsequent biofilm formed can act as a vehicle for spreading infections. the aim of this study is to compare the bacterial adhesion of e. coli and s. aureus from a contaminated solid model (tryptone soya agar) to a range of po ... | 2009 | 18712504 |
| phylogenetic patterns in the genus manihot (euphorbiaceae) inferred from analyses of nuclear and chloroplast dna regions. | from a phylogenetic perspective, the genus manihot can be considered as an orphan group of plants, and the scientific knowledge acquired has been mainly related to cassava, one of the most important crops in poor tropical countries. the goal of the majority of evolutionary studies in the genus has been to decipher the domestication process and identify the closest relatives of cassava. few investigations have focused on wild manihot species, and the phylogeny of the genus is still unclear. in th ... | 2008 | 18706508 |
| inhibition of chemically induced inflammation and pain by orally and topically administered leaf extract of manihot esculenta crantz in rodents. | the aqueous leaf extract of manihot esculenta crantz (mele) is being used orally and topically in traditional african medicine for the treatment of inflammation and pain, and claimed to be safe. the anti-inflammatory effects of mele (100-400 mg/kg, p.o. or 1-4%, w/w in petroleum jelly, topically) were tested against carrageenan-induced paw oedema in rats as well as against xylene-induced ear oedema in mice. the analgesic effect of mele (100-400 mg/kg, p.o. or 1-4%, w/w in petroleum jelly, topica ... | 2008 | 18675525 |
| alternate hosts of african cassava mosaic virus and east african cassava mosaic cameroon virus in nigeria. | cassava mosaic disease (cmd) caused by african cassava mosaic virus (acmv) and east african cassava mosaic cameroon virus (eacmcv) is the major constraint to cassava production in nigeria. sequences of the dna-a component of acmv and eacmcv isolates from leguminous plant species (senna occidentalis, leucana leucocephala and glycine max), castor oil plant (ricinus communis), a weed host (combretum confertum) and a wild species of cassava (manihot glaziovii) were determined. all acmv isolates from ... | 2008 | 18661095 |
| induction and identification of a small-granule, high-amylose mutant in cassava (manihot esculenta crantz). | only two mutations have been described in the literature, so far, regarding starch and root quality traits in cassava. this article reports on an induced mutation in this crop, first identified in 2006. botanical seed from five different cassava families were irradiated with gamma rays. seed was germinated, transplanted to the field (m1 plants), and self-pollinated to produce the m2 generation. abnormal types regarding starch granule morphology were identified during the single plant evaluation ... | 2008 | 18656938 |
| diversity of ltr-retrotransposons and enhancer/suppressor mutator-like transposons in cassava (manihot esculenta crantz). | cassava (manihot esculenta crantz), though a major world crop with enormous potential, is very under studied. little is known about its genome structure and organisation. transposable elements have a key role in the evolution of genome structure, and can be used as important tools in applied genetics. this paper sets out to survey the diversity of members of three major classes of transposable element within the cassava genome and in relation to similar elements in other plants. members of two c ... | 2008 | 18636276 |
| production and characterization of a plant alpha-hydroxynitrile lyase in escherichia coli. | the coding sequence of the cyanogenic alpha-hydroxynitrile lyase gene of manihot esculenta crantz (cassava) was cloned in the plasmid vector pmal-c2 and expressed in escherichia coli strain jm105. dna sequencing showed that the recombinant plasmid contained the same sequence as the cdna clone phnl10. peptide sequencing of the recombinant protein showed that the n-terminus was heterogeneous, with either four or six additional amino acid residues compared with the native protein. circular dichrois ... | 1997 | 18633988 |
| disassembly of african cassava mosaic virus. | the plant-infecting geminiviruses encapsidate their single-stranded dna genome in characteristic twinned particles that are unique among viruses. these particles are formed by joining two incomplete t=1 icosahedra. african cassava mosaic virions were purified by density-gradient centrifugation from infected nicotiana benthamiana plants and analysed for their stability with respect to ph changes and heat treatment by using electron microscopy. negative staining and rotary shadowing revealed stabl ... | 2008 | 18632975 |
| evaluation of constitutive viral promoters in transgenic soybean roots and nodules. | the efficiency of beta-glucuronidase (gus) expression was evaluated with five viral promoters to identify the most suitable promoter or promoters for use in soybean hairy roots, including applications to study the symbiotic interaction with bradyrhizobium japonicum. levels of gus activity were fluorimetrically and histochemically assayed when the gus (uida) gene was driven by the cauliflower mosaic virus (camv) 35s promoter and enhanced 35s (e35s) promoter, the cassava vein mosaic virus (csvmv) ... | 2008 | 18616399 |
| production of biosurfactant by bacillus subtilis lb5a on a pilot scale using cassava wastewater as substrate. | the main characteristic of biosurfactants is their property of reducing the superficial and interfacial tension between two immiscible liquids of different polarities. the main obstacle to the application of biosurfactants is the high production costs, the use of alternative substrates being indicated to solve this problem. this work report the production of biosurfactant by bacillus subtilis lb5a on a pilot scale using cassava wastewater as the substrate, and the study of the parameters related ... | 2008 | 18594889 |
| heat transfer simulation in solid substrate fermentation. | a mathematical model was developed and tested to simulate the generation and transfer of heat in solid substrate fermentation (ssf). the experimental studies were realized in a 1-l static bioreactor packed with cassava wet meal and inoculated with aspergillus niger. a simplified pseudohomogeneous monodimensional dynamic model was used for the energy balance. kinetic equations taking into account biomass formation (logistic), sugar consumption (with maintenance), and carbon dioxide formation were ... | 1990 | 18592581 |
| a process for protein enrichment of cassava by solid substrate fermentation in rural conditions. | an artisanal static process for protein enrichment of cassava by solid-state fermentation, developed in laboratory and tested on pilot units in burundi (central africa), provides enriched cassava containing 10.7% of dry matter protein versus 1% before fermentation. cassava chips, processed into granules of 2-4-mm diameter, are moistened (40% water content) and steamed. after cooling to 40 degrees c, cassava is mixed with a nutritive solution containing the inoculum (rhizopus oryzae, strain mucl ... | 1987 | 18576545 |
| isolation and characterization of the gibberellin biosynthetic gene cluster in sphaceloma manihoticola. | gibberellins (gas) are tetracyclic diterpenoid phytohormones that were first identified as secondary metabolites of the fungus fusarium fujikuroi (teleomorph, gibberella fujikuroi). gas were also found in the cassava pathogen sphaceloma manihoticola, but the spectrum of gas differed from that in f. fujikuroi. in contrast to f. fujikuroi, the ga biosynthetic pathway has not been studied in detail in s. manihoticola, and none of the ga biosynthetic genes have been cloned from the species. here, we ... | 2008 | 18567680 |
| production of insoluble exopolysaccharide of agrobacterium sp. (atcc 31749 and ifo 13140). | agrobacterium isolated from soil samples produced two extracellular polysaccharides: succinoglycan, an acidic soluble polymer, and curdlan gum, a neutral, insoluble polymer. maize glucose, cassava glucose, and maize maltose were used in fermentation medium to produce insoluble polysaccharide. two agrobacterium sp. strains which were used (atcc 31749 and ifo 13140) in the production of insoluble exopolysaccharide presented equal or superior yields compared to the literature. the strain atcc 31749 ... | 2006 | 18563660 |
| diversity of begomoviruses associated with mosaic disease of cultivated cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) and its wild relative (manihot glaziovii mull. arg.) in uganda. | cassava (manihot esculenta) growing in uganda during 2001-2002 has been screened for the presence of begomoviruses using pcr-rflp, cloning full-length genomic components and nucleotide sequence analysis. in contrast with a recent survey in neighbouring kenya, which identified three distinct strains of east african cassava mosaic virus (eacmv, eacmv-ug and eacmv-ke2) as well as east african cassava mosaic zanzibar virus and the new species east african cassava mosaic kenya virus, only eacmv-ug an ... | 2008 | 18559947 |
| macronutrient digestibility in kadon pigs fed diets with isonitrogenous amounts of various carbohydrate sources. | in this experiment, the apparent digestibility of diets with isonitrogenous amounts of different carbohydrate sources was determined in kadon pigs, which are native to the north-east of thailand and typically kept on small-holder farms. eight male and eight female pigs were used in a 4 x 4 latin square design with diets containing either ground corn (gc), rice bran (rb), broken rice (br) or cassava chips (cc). the diet with br induced the highest digestibilities for protein and energy, but also ... | 2008 | 18557187 |
| ethanol fermentation of raw cassava starch with rhizopus koji in a gas circulation type fermentor. | studies have been conducted in a gas circulation type fermentor in order to characterize the ethanol fermentation of uncooked cassava starch with rhizopus koji. results showed that ethanol concentration reached 13-14% (v/v) in 4-day broth, and the maximum productivity of ethanol was 2.3 g ethanol/l broth h. this productivity was about 50% compared to the productivity of a glucose-yeast system. ethanol yield reached 83.5-72.3% of the theoretical yield for the cassava starch used. the fermentor us ... | 1985 | 18553810 |
| alcoholic fermentation of raw cassava starch by rhizopus koji without cooking. | using only wheat bran koji from the rhizopus strain, raw cassava starch and cassava pellets converted reasonably well to alcohol (ethanol) without cooking at 35 degrees c and ph 4.5-5.0. when the initial broth contained 30 g raw cassava starch, 10 g rhizopus sp. koji, and 100 ml tap water, 12.1 g of alcohol was recovered by final distillation from fermented broth. in this case, 12.1 g alcohol corresponds to an 85.5% conversion rate based on the theoretical values of the starch content. when the ... | 1984 | 18553296 |
| screening of aflatoxins and zearalenone in feedstuffs and complete feeds for pigs in southern vietnam. | a survey ofaflatoxins and zearalenone (zea) in 120 samples, including cassava chip (12), maize (12), rice bran (24), broken rice (24), and complete feeds for growing pigs (24) and sows (24) was carried out in southern vietnam. aflatoxin b1 (afb1), b2 (afb2), g1 (afg1) and g2 (afg2) were determined by an hplc method using an immunoaffinity column for clean-up. zearalenone was analysed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) agraquant. high incidences of aflatoxins and zea in feedstuffs and p ... | 2008 | 18551782 |
| anatomical alterations due to polyploidy in cassava, manihot esculenta crantz. | information on anatomical structure is needed by breeders working on improvement for drought tolerance. for studying the effect of polyploidy on cassava anatomy and its significance to tolerance to drought, we induced a polyploidy type of a selected clone (unb 530) by applying an aqueous solution of 0.2% colchicine on lateral buds for a period of 12 h. the stem identified as tetraploid was propagated to produce the whole plant. free-hand cross-sections of the median portion between stem internod ... | 2008 | 18551393 |
| expression of hydroxynitrile lyase from manihot esculenta in yeast and its application in (s)-mandelonitrile production using an immobilized enzyme reactor. | hydroxynitrile lyase from cassava, manihot esculenta (mehnl), catalyzes the formation of (s)-cyanohydrins from hcn and aldehydes or ketones. (s)-mandelonitrile was produced on a bench scale with immobilized mehnl, after optimizing the enzyme expression system using recombinant technology. mehnl was cloned from a cdna library prepared from a leaf of manihot esculenta, and then expressed in a multi-auxotrophic mutant of saccharomyces cerevisiae cells. the maximum yield of active mehnl was obtained ... | 2008 | 18540112 |
| simultaneous expression of an arylacetonitrilase from pseudomonas fluorescens and a (s)-oxynitrilase from manihot esculenta in pichia pastoris for the synthesis of (s)-mandelic acid. | the arylacetonitrilase of pseudomonas fluorescens ebc191 catalyzes the conversion of (s)-mandelonitrile to (s)-mandelic acid and (s)-mandeloamide. this biotransformation is optimally performed under acidic ph values because (s)-mandelonitrile rapidly decomposes under neutral conditions. therefore, the gene encoding the arylacetonitrilase of p. fluorescens ebc191 was integrated and expressed under the control of the aox1 promoter in the methylotrophic yeast pichia pastoris which was supposed to a ... | 2008 | 18523765 |
| statistical optimization of alpha-amylase production with immobilized cells of streptomyces erumpens mtcc 7317 in luffa cylindrica l. sponge discs. | the purpose of this investigation was to study the effect of streptomyces erumpens cells immobilized in various matrices, i.e., agar-agar, polyacrylamide, and luffa (luffa cylindrica l.) sponge for production of alpha-amylase. luffa sponge was found to be 21% and 51% more effective in enzyme yield than agar-agar and polyacrylamide, respectively. response surface methodology was used to evaluate the effect of three main variables, i.e., incubation period, ph, and temperature on enzyme production ... | 2009 | 18521760 |
| the effect of long-term feeding of fresh and ensiled cassava (manihot esculenta) foliage on gastrointestinal nematode infections in goats. | the benefit of long-term feeding of fresh or ensiled cassava foliage on gastrointestinal parasite in goats was evaluated. eighteen male goats (15.15 +/- 2.83 kg and between 4-6 months) were randomly allocated into three treatments supplemented with 200 g of wheat bran head(-1) day(-1). all groups were fed ad-libitum on either grass (co), fresh cassava (caf) or ensiled cassava foliage (cas). at the beginning of the trial, each goat was inoculated with 3000 l3 containing approximately 50% haemonch ... | 2009 | 18516697 |
| formulation and development of a patch containing tamarind fruit extract by using the blended chitosan-starch as a rate-controlling matrix. | a cosmetic patch containing tamarind fruit extract was formulated and developed by blending two types of natural polymers: chitosan with molecular weight of 100 000 and starch such as corn, potato or tapioca starch. the physicochemical characteristics, i.e. flexibility, colour, transparency, integrity, gloss, water sorption and bioadhesion property and the stability of the patch without tamarind content were investigated. stability test was performed by keeping the prepared patches at 4 degrees ... | 2003 | 18494893 |
| development of hydrogel patch for controlled release of alpha-hydroxy acid contained in tamarind fruit pulp extract. | synopsis the aim of this study was to develop hydrogel patch using crosslinked chitosan-starch as polymeric matrix for controlling the release of the natural alpha-hydroxy acid (aha) contained in the extract of tamarind's fruit pulp. the chitosan (mw 100 000) was blended with corn, tapioca or rice starch in various ratios and then crosslinked with glutaraldehyde. the physical characteristics, mechanical resistance, bio-adhesion property and surface morphology of the prepared hydrogel patches wit ... | 2005 | 18492158 |
| genome shuffling of lactobacillus delbrueckii mutant and bacillus amyloliquefaciens through protoplasmic fusion for l-lactic acid production from starchy wastes. | current study was focused on the development of a non-fastidious lactic acid producing strain having better growth rate, low ph tolerance and good productivity by genome shuffling of a mutant strain of lactobacillus delbrueckii ncim 2025 and an amylase producing non-fastidious bacillus amyloliquefaciens atcc 23842. after the third cycle of the protoplast fusion, lactic acid production by few fusants was monitored and the best fusant was selected for further studies. optimization of the important ... | 2008 | 18482834 |
| dilute sulfuric acid pretreatment of agricultural and agro-industrial residues for ethanol production. | the potential of dilute-acid prehydrolysis as a pretreatment method for sugarcane bagasse, rice hulls, peanut shells, and cassava stalks was investigated. the prehydrolysis was performed at 122 degrees c during 20, 40, or 60 min using 2% h(2)so(4) at a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:10. sugar formation increased with increasing reaction time. xylose, glucose, arabinose, and galactose were detected in all of the prehydrolysates, whereas mannose was found only in the prehydrolysates of peanut shells a ... | 2007 | 18478400 |
| effects of six carbohydrate sources on dog diet digestibility and post-prandial glucose and insulin response. | the effects of six extruded diets with different starch sources (cassava flour, brewer's rice, corn, sorghum, peas or lentils) on dog total tract apparent digestibility and glycemic and insulinemic response were investigated. the experiment was carried out on thirty-six dogs with six dogs per diet in a completely randomized design. the diets containing brewer's rice and cassava flour presented the greatest digestibility of dry matter, organic matter and gross energy (p < 0.05), followed by corn ... | 2008 | 18477314 |
| inheritance of random amplified polymorphic dna markers in cassava (manihot esculenta crantz). | the informativeness and inheritance of randomly amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) markers were investigated in an intraspecific f1 progeny derived from two heterozygous parents. the analysis confirmed the utility of rapd markers for comparing candidate parents for the development of a molecular genetic map, and provided numerous markers for linkage analysis in a crop with a very limited history of classical or molecular genetic studies. six potential parental lines (themselves f1 hybrid clones) s ... | 1996 | 18469953 |
| effects of six carbohydrate sources on diet digestibility and postprandial glucose and insulin responses in cats. | the effects of diets with different starch sources on the total tract apparent digestibility and glucose and insulin responses in cats were investigated. six experimental diets consisting of 35% starch were extruded, each containing one of the following ingredients: cassava flour, brewers rice, corn, sorghum, peas, or lentils. the experiment was carried out on 36 cats with 6 replications per diet in a completely randomized block design. the brewers rice diet offered greater dm, om, and ge digest ... | 2008 | 18469063 |
| clinical and etiological profile of tropical ataxic neuropathy in kerala, south india. | very little is known about the occurrence of tropical ataxic neuropathy (tan) from southern india. this study describes the clinical spectrum of tan from kerala, southern india, and explores its etiology. | 2008 | 18437044 |
| efficient production of active form of recombinant cassava hydroxynitrile lyase using escherichia coli in low-temperature culture. | overexpression and production of the high concentration of hydroxynitrile lyase from cassava (manihot esculenta (mehnl, ec 4.1.2.39)) were investigated. hydroxynitrile lyase is a useful enzyme for the production of optically active cyanohydrin compounds. the production of mehnl was increased by changing the rare codons of the original sequence of cassava mehnl. however, most of the produced mehnl was in the insoluble form. in order to increase the solubility of mehnl, the effects of the cultivat ... | 2008 | 18427803 |
| production of cyclodextrins by cgtase from bacillus clausii using different starches as substrates. | cyclodextrins (cds) are cyclic oligasaccharides composed by d-glucose monomers joined by alpha-1,4-d glicosidic linkages. the main types of cds are alpha-, beta- and gamma-cds consisting of cycles of six, seven, and eight glucose monomers, respectively. their ability to form inclusion complexes is the most important characteristic, allowing their wide industrial application. the physical property of the cd-complexed compound can be altered to improve stability, volatility, solubility, or bio-ava ... | 2008 | 18421582 |
| role of a geminivirus av2 protein putative protein kinase c motif on subcellular localization and pathogenicity. | virus-derived genes or genome fragments are increasingly being used to generate transgenic plants with resistance to plant viruses. there is need to rapidly investigate these genes in plants using transient expression prior to using them as transgenes since they may be pathogenic to plants. in this study, we investigated the av2 protein encoded by east african cassava mosaic cameroon virus, a virus associated with a cassava disease epidemic in western africa. for subcellular localization, av2 wa ... | 2008 | 18405995 |
| fluorescein angiography of iris juvenile xanthogranuloma. | a 3-year-old boy was referred because of the presence of a non-pigmented, highly vascular mass with tapioca appearance involving the superior portion of the left iris. iris fluorescein angiography revealed early hyperfluorescence of the iris tumor with diffuse, intense late leakage of dye throughout the entire iris, not just in the region of the tumor. cytopathologic examination revealed touton giant cells and the presence of histiocytes, confirming the diagnosis of iris juvenile xanthogranuloma ... | 2014 | 18404959 |
| continuous production of ethanol from starch using glucoamylase and yeast co-immobilized in pectin gel. | this work presents a continuous simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (ssf) process to produce ethanol from starch using glucoamylase and saccharomyces cerevisiae co-immobilized in pectin gel. the enzyme was immobilized on macroporous silica, after silanization and activation of the support with glutaraldehyde. the silica-enzyme derivative was co-immobilized with yeast in pectin gel. this biocatalyst was used to produce ethanol from liquefied manioc root flour syrup, in three fixed bed ... | 2008 | 18401752 |
| acarological diagnostic research at the diagnostic centre for plants during the period 2004-2006. | during the period 2004-2006, 1691 samples of different origin were examined at the diagnostic centre for plants. we received 1046 samples of imported plant material for detection and identification of quarantine organisms. more than 200 samples were checked on mites and insects to get a phytosanitary certificate for export and 391 samples were investigated for diagnostic reason. the berlese-funnel and dissecting microscopy technique were used to separate mites from the samples. for identificatio ... | 2007 | 18399474 |
| composition and consumer acceptability of a novel extrusion-cooked salmon snack. | the objectives of this study were to develop a value-added jerky-style snack from salmon flesh and to minimize loss of healthful lipids during processing. three formulations were extruded in a laboratory-scale twin-screw extruder. the base formulation included atlantic salmon (82%, w/w), sucrose (4%), pregelatinized starch (3%), modified tapioca starch (3%), salt (2%), and teriyaki flavoring (2%). three oil binding agents (tapioca starch, high-amylose cornstarch, oat fiber) were each studied at ... | 2008 | 18387124 |
| dietary fibre and fermentability characteristics of root crops and legumes. | the dietary fibre and fermentability characteristics of local root crops and legumes were determined. total, soluble and insoluble fibre were determined in six root crops (kamote, gabi, potato, tugi, ube, cassava) and ten legumes (mungbean, soyabean, peanut, pole sitao, cowpea, chickpea, green pea, lima bean, kidney bean and pigeon pea) using association of official analytical chemists methods. the dietary fibre from test foods was isolated and fermented in vitro using human faecal inoculum simu ... | 2008 | 18331664 |
| [the killing effect and bystander effect of linamarase/linamarin suicide gene system on human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line hepg2 in vitro]. | to investigate the killing effect of linamarase/linamarin (lis/lin) system on hepatocellular carcinoma cell line hepg2 in vitro. | 2008 | 18328192 |
| 40k/137cs discrimination ratios to the aboveground organs of tropical plants. | in the present work, the accumulation of caesium and potassium in aboveground plant parts was studied in order to improve the understanding on the behaviour of monovalent cations in several compartments of tropical plants. we present the results for activity concentrations of (137)cs and (40)k, measured by gamma spectrometry, from five tropical plant species: guava (psidium guajava), mango (mangifera indica), papaya (carica papaya), banana (musa paradisíaca), and manioc (manihot esculenta). caes ... | 2008 | 18308433 |
| in vitro screening of relative bioaccessibility of carotenoids from foods. | carotenoids are lipophilic pigments in plant foods that are of particular interest as precursors of vitamin a, a nutrient required for vision, cell differentiation, and the immune system. in order to mediate such activities, carotenoids and their metabolites must be absorbed for delivery to tissues. unlike many other dietary lipids, the efficiency of carotenoid absorption is typically inefficient, being affected by food matrix, style of processing, other dietary components, and nutritional and p ... | 2008 | 18296337 |
| wild manihot species: botanical aspects, geographic distribution and economic value. | a total of 98 manihot species have been recognized in the genus. all of them are native to the tropics of the new world, particularly brazil and mexico. the cultigen, manihot esculenta crantz (cassava), grows throughout the lowland tropics. wild species vary in growth habit from acaulescent or short shrubs to tree-like. because of their adaptations to different conditions, they are gene reservoirs for tackling many abiotic and biotic stresses such as improving root quality and resistance to dise ... | 2008 | 18273815 |
| do-stat fed-batch production of 2-keto-d-gluconic acid from cassava using immobilized pseudomonas aeruginosa. | bioconversion of cassava-derived glucose to 2-keto-d-gluconic acid (2-kdg) using resting cells of immobilized pseudomonas aeruginosa ifo 3448 was investigated. the tuberous roots of cassava were selected as the feedstock as they are inexpensive and widely available, and possess high amounts of starch (approximately 70% (w/w) of dry mass). immobilized bacteria was used in a fed-batch fermenter and recycled over a period of 2 weeks. given that the formation of 2-kdg from glucose requires oxygen as ... | 2008 | 18256820 |
| the complete nucleotide sequence of the cassava (manihot esculenta) chloroplast genome and the evolution of atpf in malpighiales: rna editing and multiple losses of a group ii intron. | the complete sequence of the chloroplast genome of cassava (manihot esculenta, euphorbiaceae) has been determined. the genome is 161,453 bp in length and includes a pair of inverted repeats (ir) of 26,954 bp. the genome includes 128 genes; 96 are single copy and 16 are duplicated in the ir. there are four rrna genes and 30 distinct trnas, seven of which are duplicated in the ir. the infa gene is absent; expansion of irb has duplicated 62 amino acids at the 3' end of rps19 and a number of coding ... | 2008 | 18214421 |
| microbiological and biochemical profile of cv. conservolea naturally black olives during controlled fermentation with selected strains of lactic acid bacteria. | the effect of controlled fermentation processes on the microbial association and biochemical profile of cv. conservolea naturally black olives processed by the traditional anaerobic method was studied. the different treatments included (a) inoculation with a commercial starter culture of lactobacillus pentosus, (b) inoculation with a strain of lactobacillus plantarum isolated from a fermented cassava product and (c) uninoculated spontaneous process. microbial growth, ph, titratable acidity, orga ... | 2008 | 18206777 |
| hydroxynitrile lyase catalyzed cyanohydrin synthesis at high ph-values. | the application of unusual high ph-values within enzymatic cyanohydrin synthesis has been investigated. usually enzymatic cyanohydrin synthesis in two-phase systems requires low ph-values within the aqueous phase to suppress the non-enzymatic side reaction. in contrast, we investigated the usage of ph-values above ph 6 by using the highly enantioselective (s)-selective hydroxynitrile lyase from manihot esculenta. with these unusual reaction conditions also the unfavorable substrate 3-phenoxy-ben ... | 2008 | 18204865 |
| phenotypes and functional effects caused by various viral rna silencing suppressors in transgenic nicotiana benthamiana and n. tabacum. | rna silencing suppressor genes derived from six virus genera were transformed into nicotiana benthamiana and n. tabacum plants. these suppressors were p1 of rice yellow mottle virus (rymv), p1 of cocksfoot mottle virus, p19 of tomato bushy stunt virus, p25 of potato virus x, hcpro of potato virus y (strain n), 2b of cucumber mosaic virus (strain kin), and ac2 of african cassava mosaic virus (acmv). hcpro caused the most severe phenotypes in both nicotiana spp. ac2 also produced severe effects in ... | 2008 | 18184062 |
| mycoflora and natural occurrence of aflatoxins and fumonisin b1 in cassava and yam chips from benin, west africa. | the presence of fungi, aflatoxins and fumonisin b1 in cassava and yam chips (during 28 processing and storage) were evaluated during two consecutive seasons in two agroecological zones of benin (northern guinea savannah, ngs and sudan savannah, ss). the benin samples were assessed for moisture content, fungal infestation and total aflatoxin and fumonisin b1 contamination. during the two seasons, samples collected from the ngs, had moisture contents ranging from 10.0 to 14.7% in cassava chips and ... | 2008 | 18160162 |
| utilization of resistant starch of native tapioca, corn and waxy corn starches and their retrograded preparations by bifidobacterium. | anaerobic fermentation of native starches from tapioca, normal and waxy corn, and their laboratory modified preparations, by selected bifidobacterium strains (bifidobacterium pseudolongum ksi9, bifidobacterium breve kn14, and bifidobacterium animalis ks20a1) was carried out under in vitro conditions. the growth and acidifying properties of bifidobacteria and utilization of resistant starches were determined in relation to glucose in the control sample. the preparations obtained from normal and w ... | 2008 | 18097846 |
| sequencing analysis of 20,000 full-length cdna clones from cassava reveals lineage specific expansions in gene families related to stress response. | cassava, an allotetraploid known for its remarkable tolerance to abiotic stresses is an important source of energy for humans and animals and a raw material for many industrial processes. a full-length cdna library of cassava plants under normal, heat, drought, aluminum and post harvest physiological deterioration conditions was built; 19968 clones were sequence-characterized using expressed sequence tags (ests). | 2007 | 18096061 |
| biochemical changes in micro-fungi fermented cassava flour produced from low- and medium-cyanide variety of cassava tubers. | comparative studies were carried out on the ability of pure strain of rhizopus oryzae and saccharomyces cerevisae to alter the nutritional quality of cassava flour produced from low- and medium-cyanide variety of cassava tuber. low- and medium-cyanide variety of cassava tubers were collected from international institute of tropical agriculture (iita), ibadan, nigeria. these tubers were washed, peeled, grated and aseptically inoculated with pure strains of rhizopus oryzae and saccharomyce cerevis ... | 2007 | 18087867 |
| mapping est-derived ssrs and ests involved in resistance to bacterial blight in manihot esculenta. | cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) is a major root crop widely grown in the tropics. cassava bacterial blight, caused by xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis (xam), is an important disease in latin america and africa resulting in significant losses. the preferred control method is the use of resistant genotypes. mapping expressed sequence tags (ests) and determining their co-localization with quantitative trait loci (qtls) may give additional evidence of the role of the corresponding genes in re ... | 2007 | 18059536 |
| begomovirus 'melting pot' in the south-west indian ocean islands: molecular diversity and evolution through recombination. | during the last few decades, many virus species have emerged, often forming dynamic complexes within which viruses share common hosts and rampantly exchange genetic material through recombination. begomovirus species complexes are common and represent serious agricultural threats. characterization of species complex diversity has substantially contributed to our understanding of both begomovirus evolution, and the ecological and epidemiological processes involved in the emergence of new viral pa ... | 2007 | 18024917 |
| classification of cassava starch films by physicochemical properties and water vapor permeability quantification by ftir and pls. | cassava starches are widely used in the production of biodegradable films, but their resistance to humidity migration is very low. in this work, commercial cassava starch films were studied and classified according to their physicochemical properties. a nondestructive method for water vapor permeability determination, which combines with infrared spectroscopy and multivariate calibration, is also presented. the following commercial cassava starches were studied: pregelatinized (amidomax 3550), c ... | 2007 | 17995770 |
| genetic analysis of maize streak virus isolates from uganda reveals widespread distribution of a recombinant variant. | maize streak virus (msv) contributes significantly to the problem of extremely low african maize yields. whilst a diverse range of msv and msv-like viruses are endemic in sub-saharan africa and neighbouring islands, only a single group of maize-adapted variants - msv subtypes a(1)-a(6) - causes severe enough disease in maize to influence yields substantially. in order to assist in designing effective strategies to control msv in maize, a large survey covering 155 locations was conducted to asses ... | 2007 | 17947543 |
| evidence of thermostable amylolytic activity from rhizopus microsporus var. rhizopodiformis using wheat bran and corncob as alternative carbon source. | rhizopus microsporus var. rhizopodiformis produced high levels of alpha-amylase and glucoamylase under solid state fermentation, with several agricultural residues, such as wheat bran, cassava flour, sugar cane bagasse, rice straw, corncob and crushed corncob as carbon sources. these materials were humidified with distilled water, tap water, or saline solutions--segato rizzatti (sr), khanna or vogel. the best substrate for amylase production was wheat bran with sr saline solution (1:2 v/v). amyl ... | 2008 | 17940804 |
| dark hydrogen fermentation from hydrolyzed starch treated with recombinant amylase originating from caldimonas taiwanensis on1. | starch is one of the most abundant resources on earth and is suited to serve as a cost-effective feedstock for biological hydrogen production. however, producing hydrogen from direct fermentation of starch is usually inefficient, as the starch hydrolysis is often the rate-limiting step. therefore, in the present work, enzymatic starch hydrolysis was conducted to enhance the feasibility of using starch feedstock for h2 production. the amylase (with a molecular weight of ca. 112 kda) used for star ... | 2007 | 17924646 |
| alpha-amylase production by bacillus subtilis cm3 in solid state fermentation using cassava fibrous residue. | in extraction of starch from cassava (manihot esculenta crantz), one of the major solid waste released is fibrous residues which constitute 15-20% by weight of the cassava chips/tuber processed. production of alpha -amylase under solid state fermentation by bacillus subtilis cm3 has been investigated using cassava fibrous residue. response surface methodology (rsm) was used to evaluate the effect of the main variables, i.e. incubation period, initial medium ph, moisture holding capacity and temp ... | 2007 | 17910107 |
| pattern of hospital admissions of children with poisoning in the sudano-sahelian north eastern nigeria. | poisoning is a major problem in the paediatric population. in view of the paucity of literature on the subject matter in the northeastern part of nigeria, this retrospective study was undertaken to describe the epidemiological features of accidental poisoning in children less than 13 years old who were admitted to the emergency paediatrics unit (epu) of the university of maiduguri teaching hospital (umth), maiduguri. the specific objectives included the determination of the age range most vulner ... | 2007 | 17902501 |
| [thyroid diseases in sub-saharan africa]. | thyroid gland diseases vary according to the environment. in sub-saharan africa, they are also influenced by population isolation and the absence of food self-sufficiency, both factors affecting the onset and persistence of iodine-deficiency goiters. more cosmopolitan diseases are now added to these thyroid disorders. women are mainly affected (94.2%), most often with euthyroid goiters (54.7%), followed by graves disease (13.1%), hypothyroidism (8.8%), thyroiditis (6.6%), toxic multinodular goit ... | 2013 | 17897900 |
| microbial population present in fermented beverage 'cauim' produced by brazilian amerindians. | the tapirapé amerindians of the tapi'itãwa tribe produce several fermented foods and beverages among them the beverage called 'cauim'. this beverage is the main staple food for infants until two years old and their parents. for producing the beverage, several substrates are used, such as: cassava, rice, corn, maize and peanuts. the fermentation using mainly cassava was accomplished and samples were collected for chemical and microbiological analysis. a progressive acidification during the fermen ... | 2007 | 17888538 |
| quantitative trait loci controlling cyanogenic glucoside and dry matter content in cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) roots. | cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) is a starchy root crop grown in the tropics mainly by small-scale farmers even though agro-industrial processing is rapidly increasing. for this processing market improved varieties with high dry matter root content (dmc) is required. potentially toxic cyanogenic glucosides are synthesized in the leaves and translocated to the roots. selection for varieties with low cyanogenic glucoside potential (cnp) and high dmc is among the principal objectives in cassava b ... | 2007 | 17850597 |
| the role of biotechnology for agricultural sustainability in africa. | sub-saharan africa could have a shortfall of nearly 90mt of cereals by the year 2025 if current agricultural practices are maintained. biotechnology is one of the ways to improve agricultural production. insect-resistant varieties of maize and cotton suitable for the subcontinent have been identified as already having a significant impact. virus-resistant crops are under development. these include maize resistant to the african endemic maize streak virus and cassava resistant to african cassava ... | 2008 | 17761472 |
| changes in carbohydrate metabolism by triazole growth regulators in cassava (manihot esculenta crantz); effects on tuber production and quality. | we have evaluated the ability of two triazole growth regulators, viz. triadimefon (tdm) and hexaconazole (hex), in the enhancement of tuber production and quality in cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) through their effects on carbohydrate metabolism. one litre of 20 mg(-1) tdm and 15 mg(-1) hex solution per plant were used for the treatments and groundwater was given to control plants. triazole treatments reduced plant height and leaf area, but increased fresh and dry weights. plants treated wit ... | 2007 | 17720581 |
| yeast diversity in rice-cassava fermentations produced by the indigenous tapirapé people of brazil. | the tapirapé people of the tapi'itãwa tribe of brazil produce several fermented foods and beverages, one of which is called 'cauim'. this beverage usually makes up the main staple food for adults and children. several substrates are used in its production, including cassava, rice, corn, maize and peanuts. a fermentation using rice and cassava was conducted, and samples were collected at 4-h intervals for microbial analysis. the yeast population was low at the beginning of the fermentation and re ... | 2007 | 17697080 |
| discovery of an amylose-free starch mutant in cassava (manihot esculenta crantz). | one of the objectives of the cassava-breeding project at ciat is the identification of clones with special root quality characteristics. a large number of self-pollinations have been made in search of useful recessive traits. during 2006 harvests an s1 plant produced roots that stained brownish-red when treated with an iodine solution, suggesting that it had lower-than-normal levels of amylose in its starch. colorimetric and dsc measurements indicated low levels (3.4%) and an absence of amylose ... | 2007 | 17696358 |
| autism: transient in utero hypothyroxinemia related to maternal flavonoid ingestion during pregnancy and to other environmental antithyroid agents. | the incidence and prevalence of autism have increased during the past two decades. despite comprehensive genetic studies the cause of autism remains unknown. this review emphasizes the potential importance of environmental factors in its causation. alterations of cortical neuronal migration and cerebellar purkinje cells have been observed in autism. neuronal migration, via reelin regulation, requires triiodothyronine (t3) produced by deiodination of thyroxine (t4) by fetal brain deiodinases. exp ... | 2007 | 17651757 |
| cassava starch fermentation wastewater: characterization and preliminary toxicological studies. | cassava starch fermentation wastewater is an industrial residue composed mainly of lactic acid bacteria with predominance of the genera lactobacillus, and organic acids. to evaluate the safety of this residue for possible production of probiotic beverages, acute in mice and sub-chronic (28-day repeated dose) toxicity studies in rats were carried. the administration of a single dose of 5 g/kg/body weight did not produce mortality in mice. rats treated with water containing 0 (control), 25%, 50%, ... | 2007 | 17637494 |
| digestibility and nitrogen retention of diets containing different levels of fibre in local (mong cai), f1 (mong cai x yorkshire) and exotic (landrace x yorkshire) growing pigs in vietnam. | total tract digestibility and nitrogen retention of three diets containing different levels of fibre [200, 260 and 320 g/kg neutral detergent fibre (ndf) in dry matter] were determined in three breeds of growing pig at an initial age of approximately 3.5 months. the breeds were local (mong cai, mc), f1 crossbred (mc x yorkshire) and exotic (landrace x yorkshire, ly), allocated at random within breed (block) to double 3 x 3 latin squares. the main fibrous ingredients of the experimental diets wer ... | 2007 | 17615000 |
| natural hybridization between a clonally propagated crop, cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) and a wild relative in french guiana. | because domestication rarely leads to speciation, domesticated populations often hybridize with wild relatives when they occur in close proximity. little work has focused on this question in clonally propagated crops. if selection on the capacity for sexual reproduction has been relaxed, these crops would not be expected to hybridize with their wild relatives as frequently as seed-propagated crops. cassava is one of the most important clonally propagated plants in tropical agriculture. gene flow ... | 2007 | 17614915 |
| insights on the evolution of a vegetatively propagated crop species. | the opportunity for gene flow between a vegetatively propagated crop and its wild relatives is expected to be much lower than for seed-propagated crops, since sexual reproduction in the crop occurs only infrequently. a study by duputié and colleagues now demonstrates evidence of sexual reproduction between a vegetatively propagated crop and a closely related wild congener. working in french guiana, these workers have documented a hybrid zone arising from introgression between cassava (manihot es ... | 2007 | 17614898 |
| full chain energy analysis of fuel ethanol from cassava in thailand. | an assessment of net energy and supply potentials was performed to evaluate cassava utilization for fuel ethanol in thailand. just recently, the thai government approved the construction of 12 cassava ethanol plants with the total output of 3.4 million liters per day by the next 2 years (2007 and 2008). the cassava fuel ethanol (cfe) system involves three main segments: cassava cultivation including processing, ethanol conversion, and transportation. all materials, fuels, and human labor inputs ... | 2007 | 17612202 |
| anaerobic pond treatment of wastewater containing sulphate. | anaerobic ponds are usually used for treatment of industrial and agricultural wastes which contain high organic matter and sulphate. competition for substrate between sulphate reducing bacteria and methane producing archaea, and the inhibitory effects of sulphide produced from microbial sulphate reduction reported in the literature varied considerably. in this research, a laboratory scale column-in-series anaerobic pond reactor, consisting of five cylindrical columns of acrylic tubes, was operat ... | 2007 | 17591216 |
| polyurethane foam as an inert carrier for the production of l(+)-lactic acid by lactobacillus casei under solid-state fermentation. | production of l-lactic acid in solid-state fermentation (ssf) using polyurethane foam (puf) as inert support moistened with cassava bagasse starch hydrolysate. | 2007 | 17576217 |
| the effects of short-term feeding of fresh cassava (manihot esculenta) foliage on gastrointestinal nematode parasite infections in goats in cambodia. | the antiparasitic effect of cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) was tested in goats artificially infected with gastrointestinal parasitic nematodes. each experimental group consisted of 6 pen-fed goats kept on a slatted floor. the treatments compared were: 1) controls fed grass only, 2) cassava replaced grass for 3 weeks from the commencement of larval dosing period, and 3) cassava replaced grass for 3 weeks after the worm infection was patent. a total of 2000 mixed-species infective nematode lar ... | 2007 | 17568377 |
| cytotoxicity of purified cassava linamarin to a selected cancer cell lines. | cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) is a known source of linamarin, but difficulties associated with its isolation have prevented it from being exploited as a major source. a batch adsorption process using activated carbon proved successful in its isolation, with ultrafiltration playing a pivotal role in its purification. thirty-two minutes of contact time was required for 60 g of extract, yielding 1.7 g of purified product. picrate paper, infra-red and 'hnmr analysis confirmed the presence and s ... | 2007 | 17566787 |
| an experimental study of vermi-biowaste composting for agricultural soil improvement. | vermitechnology was investigated as a means of reducing organic waste materials. vermicomposting conditions were optimized to convert the biowastes to nutritious composts for amending agricultural soil. studies were undertaken to select the most suitable earthworm species for vermicomposting, to enrich vermicompost by inoculation with beneficial microbes, to standardize an economically feasible method of vermicomposting, to achieve nutrient economy through vermicompost application in acid soils ... | 2008 | 17560781 |
| role of hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins in resistance of pearl millet against downy mildew pathogen sclerospora graminicola. | hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins (hrgps) are important plant cell wall components involved in plant defense response to pathogen attack. in the present study, a resistant pearl millet (pennisetum glaucum) cultivar, ip18292, was compared with a susceptible cultivar, 7042s, to investigate the contribution of hrgps in the successful defense against the phytopathogenic oomycete s. graminicola. northern hybridization using mehrgp cdna, a heterologous probe from cassava, indicated steady accumulation ... | 2007 | 17554553 |
| systemic inflammation in morbidly obese subjects: response to oral supplementation with alpha-linolenic acid. | morbidly obese patients frequently display asymptomatic chronic activation of acute phase response, with potentially adverse metabolic and cardiovascular consequences. nutritional preparations to improve this phenomenon have rarely been administered. aiming to investigate the supplementation of flaxseed flour, a source of omega-3 fatty acids, a prospective randomized double-blind cross-over study was designed. | 2007 | 17546842 |
| characterization of an 18,166 est dataset for cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) enriched for drought-responsive genes. | cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) is a staple food for over 600 million people in the tropics and subtropics and is increasingly used as an industrial crop for starch production. cassava has a high growth rate under optimal conditions but also performs well in drought-prone areas and on marginal soils. to increase the tools for understanding and manipulating drought tolerance in cassava, we generated expressed sequence tags (ests) from normalized cdna libraries prepared from dehydration-stresse ... | 2007 | 17541599 |
| agricultural biotechnology and its contribution to the global knowledge economy. | the theory of neoclassical welfare economics largely shaped international and national agricultural policies during the cold war period. it treated technology as an exogenous factor that could boost agricultural productivity but not necessarily sustainable agriculture. new growth theory, the economic theory of the new knowledge economy, treats technological change as endogenous and argues that intangible assets such as human capital and knowledge are the drivers of sustainable economic developme ... | 2007 | 17522821 |
| effect of the addition of nitrogen sources to cassava fiber and carbon-to-nitrogen ratios on agaricus brasiliensis growth. | the same substratum formulation to grow agaricus bisporus has been used to grow agaricus brasiliensis since its culture started in brazil. despite being different species, many of the same rules have been used for composting or axenic cultivation when it comes to nitrogen content and source in the substrate. the aim of this study was to verify the mycelial growth of a. brasiliensis in different ammonium sulfate and (or) urea concentrations added to cassava fiber and different carbon-to-nitrogen ... | 2007 | 17496959 |
| transgenic cassava resistance to african cassava mosaic virus is enhanced by viral dna-a bidirectional promoter-derived sirnas. | expression of double-stranded rna (dsrna) homologous to virus sequences can effectively interfere with rna virus infection in plant cells by triggering rna silencing. here we applied this approach against a dna virus, african cassava mosaic virus (acmv), in its natural host cassava. transgenic cassava plants were developed to express small interfering rnas (sirna) from a camv 35s promoter-controlled, intron-containing dsrna cognate to the common region-containing bidirectional promoter of acmv d ... | 2007 | 17492253 |
| the consensus n-myristoylation motif of a geminivirus ac4 protein is required for membrane binding and pathogenicity. | some geminiviruses encode a small protein, ac4, whose role in pathogenesis has only recently attracted attention. a few studies have shown that this protein is involved in pathogenesis and suppresses rna silencing. here, using nicotiana benthamiana, we show that east african cassava mosaic cameroon virus (eacmcv) ac4 is a pathogenicity determinant and that it suppresses the systemic phase of rna silencing. furthermore, confocal imaging analyses show that it binds preferentially to the plasma mem ... | 2007 | 17427808 |
| partial characterization and optimization of production of extracellular alpha-amylase from bacillus subtilis isolated from culturable cow dung microflora. | studies of alpha-amylase production by bacillus subtilis (cm3) isolated earlier from cow dung microflora, were carried out. the optimum temperature, ph and incubation period for amylase production were 50-70 degrees c, 5.0-9.0 and 36 h, respectively. enzyme secretion was very similar in the presence of any of the carbon sources tested (soluble starch, potato starch, cassava starch, wheat flour, glucose, fructose, etc.). yeast extract and ammonium acetate (1%) as nitrogen sources gave higher yiel ... | 2006 | 17416065 |
| infectivity, pseudorecombination and mutagenesis of kenyan cassava mosaic begomoviruses. | cloned dna-a and dna-b components of kenyan isolates of east african cassava mosaic virus (eacmv, eacmv-ug and eacmv-ke2), east african cassava mosaic kenya virus (eacmkv) and east african cassava mosaic zanzibar virus (eacmzv) are shown to be infectious in cassava. eacmv and eacmkv genomic components have the same iteron sequence (ggggg) and can form viable pseudorecombinants, while eacmzv components have a different sequence (ggaga) and are incompatible with eacmv and eacmkv. mutagenesis of ea ... | 2007 | 17412996 |
| effects of sub-chronic oral cyanide on endothelial function in rabbit aortic rings. | we have investigated how the endothelium affects vascular responses following sub-chronic low dose cyanide administration. cyanide exists in low levels in cassava foods, which are widely consumed in tropical africa. adult rabbits were administered 0.38 mg/kg per day kcn po for 25 days, and responses of the isolated aortic rings to noradrenaline (na), calcium chloride (ca2+) and acetylcholine (ach) were measured in vitro in the presence and absence of the endothelium. in order to establish that t ... | 2007 | 17370868 |
| determination of acrylamide levels in selected foods in brazil. | selected carbohydrate-rich foods available on the brazilian market (111 samples representing 19 product categories) were analysed for acrylamide content using a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method. a limit of detection of 10 microg kg(-1), a limit of quantitation of 20 microg kg(-1) and mean recoveries ranging 100 to 115% were obtained during a laboratory validation procedure. the concentration of acrylamide in the samples ranged from <20 to 2528 microg kg(-1), with a considera ... | 2007 | 17364924 |
| starch grain evidence for the preceramic dispersals of maize and root crops into tropical dry and humid forests of panama. | the central american isthmus was a major dispersal route for plant taxa originally brought under cultivation in the domestication centers of southern mexico and northern south america. recently developed methodologies in the archaeological and biological sciences are providing increasing amounts of data regarding the timing and nature of these dispersals and the associated transition to food production in various regions. one of these methodologies, starch grain analysis, recovers identifiable m ... | 2007 | 17360697 |
| towards identifying the full set of genes expressed during cassava post-harvest physiological deterioration. | storage roots of cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) exhibit a rapid post-harvest physiological deterioration (ppd) response that can occur within 24-72 h of harvest. ppd is an enzymatically mediated oxidative process with parallels to plant wound, senescence and defence responses. to characterise those genes that show significant change in expression during the ppd response we have used cdna microarray technology to carry out a large-scale analysis of the cassava root transcriptome during the po ... | 2007 | 17318318 |
| production of l(+) lactic acid from cassava starch hydrolyzate by immobilized lactobacillus delbrueckii. | a process based on low cost production media was developed for fermentative production of l(+) lactic acid. various process parameters were optimized for the production of l(+) lactic acid from cassava starch hydrolyzate-based medium by immobilized whole cells of lactobacillus delbrueckii. the parameters considered for optimization were concentration of alginate and cacl(2), initial cell concentration, curing time, bead size and incubation time of fermentation. reusability of immobilized cells u ... | 2007 | 17304614 |
| improved expression of recombinant gfp using a replicating vector based on beet curly top virus in leaf-disks and infiltrated nicotiana benthamiana leaves. | recombinant green fluorescent protein (gfp) with a molecular mass of 29 kda was transiently expressed in agrobacterium-inoculated leaf-disks prepared from nicotiana benthamiana plants. expression of gfp from the cauliflower mosaic virus (camv) 35 s promoter within a replicating vector based on the geminivirus beet curly top virus (bctv) was more than 3 times higher than from a control, non-replicating vector. use of the cassava vein mosaic virus (csvmv) promoter in the bctv replicating vector in ... | 2007 | 17294255 |
| microbiological changes in naturally fermented cassava fish (pseudotolithus sp.) for lanhouin production. | cassava fish (pseudotolithus sp.) was naturally fermented on three different occasions at room temperature (28-30 degrees c) for 3 to 8 days and the microbial population and the occurrence of various bacterial species were monitored. in general, after a slight increase during the early stages of fermentation, the microbial population decreased as the fermentation progressed. a total of 224 isolates belonging to the genera bacillus, staphylococcus, micrococcus, streptococcus, corynebacterim, pseu ... | 2007 | 17291615 |