Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
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| cxcl10+ t cells and nk cells assist in the recruitment and activation of cxcr3+ and cxcl11+ leukocytes during mycobacteria-enhanced colitis. | the role of mycobacteria in the etiology of crohn's disease (cd) has been a contentious subject for many years. recently, our laboratory showed that spontaneous colitis in il-10-/- mice is driven in part by antigens (ags) conserved in mycobacteria. the present study dissects some of the common cellular and molecular mechanism that drive mycobacteria-mediated and spontaneous colitis in il-10-/- mice. | 2008 | 18533024 |
| effects of nuclear factor-kappab on regulation of cytokine expression and apoptosis in bovine monocytes exposed to mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis. | to evaluate the role of the nuclear factor-kappab (nf-kappab) in the response of bovine monocytes to exposure to mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis (map). | 2008 | 18518662 |
| potential pathogenic role of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in crohn's disease. | 2008 | 18508318 | |
| mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis and crohn's disease. | 2008 | 18501847 | |
| herd-level prevalence of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis by bulk-tank milk pcr in fars province (southern iran) dairy herds. | a cross-sectional study was conducted from march to august 2006 in dairy herds in fars province, southern iran to determine the herd-level prevalence of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map) infection. bulk-tank milk samples were collected from 110 dairy herds in the 3 districts (shiraz, marvdasht and sepidan) of the province. among study populations, 12 herds (11%, 95%ci: 5-17%) were positive for map infection based on is900 nested pcr. the prevalence of positive milk samples in ... | 2008 | 18501450 |
| paratuberculosis in holstein-friesian cattle farms in central iran. | paratuberculosis is an important disease of ruminants with a worldwide distribution. in developing countries where funding constraints challenge establishment of control schemes, large losses are incurred on cattle farmers due to paratuberculosis. in this study, faecal specimens from holstein-friesian cows with progressed and moderate clinical paratuberculosis (n = 223) from 13 dairy farms in isfahan, central iran, were subjected to bacterial culture. culture growth diagnostic for m. avium subsp ... | 2008 | 18484118 |
| management practices associated with mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis infection and the effects of the infection on dairy herds. | during 2004, a survey of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map) was conducted in 101 randomly selected dairy herds to investigate associations between the infection status of the herds, different management practices, and possible disease indicators, such as indices of mastitis and reproductive performance. data were collected by means of a questionnaire through personal interviews with the farmers and veterinarians in charge of each farm. at the same time, blood samples were take ... | 2008 | 18480020 |
| familial and herd-level associations with paratuberculosis enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay status in beef cattle. | a cross-sectional study was performed to determine the odds of having a positive paratuberculosis elisa result if the dam was elisa positive in texas beef cattle, adjusted for individual and herd-level risk factors for seropositivity. texas beef cattle (n = 2,621) were tested for paratuberculosis by using a commercial elisa and microbiologic culture of feces for mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map). pedigree data were collected to identify dam-and sire-offspring pairs. bayesian mixe ... | 2008 | 18469058 |
| correlation between rpob gene mutation in mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis and clinical rifabutin and rifampicin resistance for treatment of crohn's disease. | to investigate overlapping regions of the rpob gene previously involved with rifamycin resistance in m. tuberculosis and seek correlation between rpob mutations in clinical map strains with susceptibility to rif and rfb. | 2008 | 18461657 |
| evaluation of four commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for the diagnosis of bovine paratuberculosis in chilean dairy herds. | the accuracy of 4 commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas) for diagnosis of bovine paratuberculosis was compared using sera from 53 mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) fecal culture-positive dairy cows (cases) and sera from 345 dairy cattle resident in 11 fecal culture-negative herds on 2 consecutive occasions 1 year apart (controls). the specificity of all 4 elisa kits was >99%, and their diagnostic sensitivity ranged from 30.2% to 41.5%. pairwise comparison of elisa ... | 2008 | 18460620 |
| differential expression of pattern recognition receptors in the three pathological forms of sheep paratuberculosis. | paratuberculosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the gut caused by mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis. three forms have been described in sheep--paucibacillary, multibacillary and asymptomatic. the pauci- and multibacillary forms are characterized by type 1 and type 2 immune responses respectively; asymptomatic animals have no clinical signs or pathology. what determines this polarization is unknown, although pattern recognition receptors (prr) have been implicated in other myc ... | 2008 | 18457974 |
| the zoonotic potential of mycobacterium avium spp. paratuberculosis: a systematic review. | the zoonotic potential of mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (map) has been debated for almost a century because of similarities between johne's disease (jd) in cattle and crohn's disease (cd) in humans. our objective was to evaluate scientific literature investigating the potential association between these two diseases (map and cd) and the presence of map in retail milk or dairy products using a qualitative systematic review. | 2008 | 18457292 |
| expression, purification, crystallization and preliminary x-ray characterization of a putative glycosyltransferase of the gt-a fold found in mycobacteria. | glycosidic bond formation is a ubiquitous enzyme-catalysed reaction. this glycosyltransferase-mediated process is responsible for the biosynthesis of innumerable oligosaccharides and glycoconjugates and is often organism- or cell-specific. however, despite the abundance of genomic information on glycosyltransferases (gts), there is a lack of structural data for this versatile class of enzymes. here, the cloning, expression, purification and crystallization of an essential 329-amino-acid (34.8 kd ... | 2008 | 18453718 |
| prevalence on beef carcasses of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis dna. | fifty samples were collected from each of skinned and dressed carcasses, from each of culled beef breeding cows and fed beef cattle <18 months old at two beef packing plants a and b, and from culled dairy cows at a packing plant c. the 450 samples were collected by swabbing an area of about 1000 cm2 in the anal region of each carcass. dna extracted from each swab was tested for the is900 and f57 sequences of the mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) genome by two stage, nested polyme ... | 2008 | 18450311 |
| association of severity of enteric granulomatous inflammation with disseminated mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis infection and antemortem test results for paratuberculosis in dairy cows. | disseminated infection (di) of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map) in cattle may impair cow health, potentiate spread of disease, and is a potential food-safety risk. the objectives of this study were to determine the association between severity of histologic enteric lesions and the occurrence of di, clinical signs, and positive fecal culture and serum elisa results. bacteriologic fecal culture and serum elisa were performed on 40 dairy cows from map-infected herds. cows were ... | 2008 | 18448275 |
| mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis is not associated with type-2 diabetes mellitus. | the role of pathogenic mycobacteria in diabetes has been a focus of speculation since a decade without any meaningful insights into the mechanism of diabetes causation vis a vis mycobacterial factors. two of our studies based on pcr identification of mycobacterial dna and detection of antibodies specific to the recombinant antigens and whole cell lysates of the mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) shown a clear association of map with the presence of type 1 diabetes mellitus (t1dm). | 2008 | 18430197 |
| use of host population reduction to control wildlife infection: rabbits and paratuberculosis. | reduction in wildlife populations is a common method for the control of livestock infections which have wildlife hosts, but its success is dependent on the characteristics of the infection itself, as well as on the spatial and social structure of the wildlife host. paratuberculosis (mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis; map) is a widespread and difficult infection to control in livestock populations and also has possible links to crohn's disease in humans. rabbits have recently been ident ... | 2009 | 18419853 |
| comparison of three methods of surveillance with application to the detection of johne's disease seropositivity in texas cattle. | surveillance and monitoring are important for measuring the level of disease in a population, documenting changes in prevalence over time, determining high-risk areas for implementation of control measures, eradicating disease, and documenting freedom from disease. the documentation of freedom from disease has importance for international trade and the resumption of production after an outbreak. johne's disease (jd) is an example of an endemic disease of cattle that has variable prevalence relat ... | 2008 | 18406483 |
| toll-like receptor genes are differentially expressed at the sites of infection during the progression of johne's disease in outbred sheep. | toll-like receptors (tlr) are engaged by ligands on microbial pathogens to initiate innate and adaptive immune responses. little is known about tlr involvement during infection with mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (m. ptb), the cause of johne's disease in ruminants, although there is a profound immunopathological response in affected animals. we have analyzed the expression of 10 tlr genes relative to validated reference genes at predilection sites in ileum, jejunum and associated ly ... | 2008 | 18403023 |
| differential immune responses of red deer (cervus elaphus) following experimental challenge with mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. | immune responses of red deer (cervus elaphus) that presented with different levels of paucibacillary pathology were profiled to detail immune changes during the progression of johne's disease. immune responses were monitored using an immunoglobulin g1 (igg1) antibody enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), a gamma interferon (ifn-gamma) elisa, and flow cytometry. animals in the study were divided into outcome groups postmortem according to disease severity. all animals mounted igg1 antibody a ... | 2008 | 18400974 |
| association among results of serum elisa, faecal culture and nested pcr on milk, blood and faeces for the detection of paratuberculosis in dairy cows. | paratuberculosis is a chronic, infectious disease of ruminants that entails a serious concern for the cattle industry. one of the main issues relates to the efficiency of diagnosis of subclinically infected animals. the objective of this field study was to analyse the association among results of a serum enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisa), faecal culture and nested pcr tests on milk, blood and faeces for mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis detection in dairy cows. faeces, blood a ... | 2008 | 18397500 |
| mycobacterium porcinum strains isolated from bovine bulk milk: implications for mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis detection by pcr and culture. | in this study, the isolation of 52 mycobactin-independent fast growing mycobacteria from 631 bulk milk samples (8.2%), is reported. these strains, isolated during a bulk milk survey for mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map), strongly affected map detection both by pcr and by culture, as they gave a positive is900 pcr signal and resulted to totally inhibit the growth of map when spotted on heym slants already inoculated with 200 microl of 10-fold dilutions containing from 5 x 10 to 5 ... | 2008 | 18378411 |
| modulation of cytokine gene expression and secretion during the periparturient period in dairy cows naturally infected with mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. | johne's disease (jd), caused by mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map), is estimated to infect more than 22% of us dairy herds. periods of immunosuppression may contribute to the transition from the subclinical to the clinical stage of infection. understanding the effects of stressors such as parturition on the escalation of disease may provide information that will help to manage jd. the objective of this study was to characterize cytokine gene expression and secretion in periparturi ... | 2008 | 18374424 |
| incidence of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in a population-based cohort of patients with crohn's disease and control subjects. | to define the incidence of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map) in patients with crohn's disease (cd) and in control subjects. | 2008 | 18371139 |
| cross species transmission of ovine johne's disease from sheep to cattle: an estimate of prevalence in exposed susceptible cattle. | to determine the prevalence of infection of cattle with the sheep strain of mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis at least two years after exposure at < 6 months old. | 2008 | 18363982 |
| mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis-specific mpt operon expressed in m. bovis bcg as vaccine candidate. | mycobacterium (m.) avium subspecies paratuberculosis is the etiological agent of paratuberculosis (johne's disease) in ruminants. vaccination against paratuberculosis with an attenuated live vaccine has been shown not only to prevent or reduce disease symptoms but also to have severe side effects. in contrast, the tuberculosis vaccine strain m. bovis bcg is considered safe and the efficacy of vaccination with m. bovis bcg transformants carrying foreign antigens has been shown in several studies. ... | 2008 | 18343053 |
| histopathological classification of lesions observed in natural cases of paratuberculosis in free-ranging fallow deer (dama dama). | ninety-five adult fallow deer, legally hunted in the regional hunting reserve of el sueve (northern spain), were subjected to a post-mortem examination for paratuberculosis, samples being taken from the proximal and distal jejunum, proximal and distal ileum, ileocaecal valve and associated lymph nodes. the lesions were divided into four categories. focal lesions (n=19 cases) consisted of small granulomas, mainly in the jejunal and ileal lymph nodes. multifocal lesions (n=4) consisted of well-dem ... | 2008 | 18342877 |
| blood cultures of 19 crohn's disease patients. | 2008 | 18341502 | |
| live mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis and a killed-bacterium vaccine induce distinct subcutaneous granulomas, with unique cellular and cytokine profiles. | type ii (lepromatous) granulomas are characterized by a lack of organization, with large numbers of macrophages heavily burdened with bacilli and disorganized lymphocyte infiltrations. type ii granulomas are a characteristic feature of the enteric lesions that develop during clinical mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection in the bovine. considering the poor organization and function of these granulomas, it is our hypothesis that dendritic cell (dc) function within the granuloma is ... | 2008 | 18337380 |
| evaluation of test-strategies for estimating probability of low prevalence of paratuberculosis in danish dairy herds. | paratuberculosis is a chronic infection affecting cattle and other ruminants. in the dairy industry, losses due to paratuberculosis can be substantial in infected herds and several countries have implemented national programmes based on herd-classification to manage the disease. the aim of this study was to develop a method to estimate the probability of low within-herd prevalence of paratuberculosis for danish dairy herds. a stochastic simulation model was developed using the r programming envi ... | 2008 | 18336936 |
| new triplex real-time pcr assay for detection of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in bovine feces. | in the present study, a robust taqman real-time pcr amplifying the f57 and the ismav2 sequences of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis from bovine fecal samples was developed and validated. the validation was based on the recommendations of international organization for standardization protocols for pcr and real-time pcr methods. for specificity testing, 205 bacterial strains were selected, including 105 m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis strains of bovine, ovine, and human origin and 100 ... | 2008 | 18326682 |
| efficacy, immune responses and side-effects of vaccines against johne's disease in young red deer (cervus elaphus) experimentally challenged with mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis. | to test the efficacy of a commercially available and an experimental vaccine against johne's disease in young red deer (cervus elaphus), using experimental challenge with live virulent mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis (m. ptb), measure injection-site reactions, and assess the effects of vaccination and challenge on results of subsequent skin tests and ancillary blood tests for bovine tuberculosis (tb). | 2008 | 18322553 |
| evaluation of four commercial serum elisas for detection of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection in dairy cows. | during the first 3 months of 2006, a study was performed on four dairy cattle herds with a history of clinical paratuberculosis, to evaluate different enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas). serum samples obtained from 326 animals were analysed using four elisas to detect antibodies to mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map). kappa (kappa) concordance coefficients in pairwise comparisons of the elisa outcomes ranged up to 0.22 (linear kappa) and 0.25 (quadratic kappa). when the bo ... | 2009 | 18314355 |
| large-scale elisa testing of spanish red deer for paratuberculosis. | a role of wildlife species as paratuberculosis reservoirs is strongly suspected based on field and molecular epidemiologic evidence. this paper presents the first large-scale data on enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) against mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map) antibodies in red deer from spain, and tests the effect of host and environmental risk factors on antibody levels. a total of 257 out of 852 serum samples tested positive, yielding a total seroprevalence of 30.16% ... | 2008 | 18313144 |
| vaccination with recombinant mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis proteins induces differential immune responses and protects calves against infection by oral challenge. | we previously reported the in vitro cellular immune responses to recombinant antigens (rags) of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map). here we report the differential immune responses and protective efficacy of four rags of map (85a, 85b, 85c, and superoxide dismutase (sod)) used with two adjuvants (monophosphoryl lipid a (mpla) containing synthetic trehalose dicorynomycolate, cell wall skeleton (mpla) and bovine il-12), against map challenge in calves. group i was administered the f ... | 2008 | 18304707 |
| tactics of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis for intracellular survival in mononuclear phagocytes. | johne's disease is a condition that refers to chronic granulomatous enteritis in ruminants. it is believed that survival and replication of mycobacterium (m.) paratuberculosis in mononuclear phagocytes plays an important role in the pathogenesis of johne's disease. however, it is not clear how m. paratuberculosis survives for long time periods in mononuclear phagocytes, nor is it clear which factors trigger multiplication of these bacilli and result in the development of johne's disease. investi ... | 2008 | 18296882 |
| parturition invokes changes in peripheral blood mononuclear cell populations in holstein dairy cows naturally infected with mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. | johne's disease (jd) is characterized by a protracted period of subclinical infection. infected cows may remain in the subclinical state until stressors such as parturition and lactation invoke more clinical signs of disease. the objective of this study was to evaluate changes in the percentages of cd4(+), cd8(+), and gammadelta t-cells, b-cells, monocytes, as well as the expression of the activation marker, cd5, on these cell subpopulations in the peripheral blood of dairy cows naturally infect ... | 2008 | 18294700 |
| selective th2 pattern of cytokine secretion in mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infected crohn's disease. | the pathogenesis of crohn's disease (cd) remains unclear. a major controversy has been whether infection with mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map) plays a significant role. current support for a role of map is largely based on epidemiological data. the aim of this study was to determine whether map detection in gut biopsies is associated with a different cytokine secretion profile as observed in whole blood culture. | 2008 | 18289359 |
| genetic resistance of mice to mycobacterium paratuberculosis is influenced by slc11a1 at the early but not at the late stage of infection. | we have recently described the development of a luminescent mycobacterium paratuberculosis strain of bovine origin expressing the luxab genes of vibrio harveyi. with this luminescent isolate, fastidious and costly enumeration of cfu by plating them on agar can be replaced by easy and rapid luminometry. here, we have reevaluated the effect of slc11a1 (formerly nramp1) polymorphism on susceptibility to m. paratuberculosis, using this luminometric method. a series of inbred mouse strains were infec ... | 2008 | 18285491 |
| sequence polymorphisms in a surface ppe protein distinguish types i, ii, and iii of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. | in the last 2 decades, a variety of different molecular typing methods have been developed to differentiate strains of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. the most successful techniques are based on insertion sequences, repetitive loci, comparative genomics, or single nucleotide polymorphisms. in the present study, we chose to examine whether a single m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis gene could serve as a means of differentiation of a variety of isolates. the map1506 gene locus encodes ... | 2008 | 18272710 |
| longterm investigation in an austrian dairy herd with low prevalence of paratuberculosis detection of antibodies in blood and milk. | paratuberculosis (johne's disease), which is widely distributed throughout the world, is caused by mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map). diagnosis of subclinically infected cattle is challenging and is especially problematic in herds with low prevalence of map. the aim of this long-term study was the comparison of different diagnostic tests for map and specific antibodies in a herd with low prevalence of map. three different commercially available serum-elisa (svanovir-elisa, sv ... | 2007 | 18265703 |
| selenium status and antibodies to selected pathogens in white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) in southern minnesota. | to determine exposure to a variety of infectious diseases potentially important for native ungulates, livestock, and humans, serum samples from 114 (94 adults, 20 fawns) female white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) were collected during january 2000-03 from multiple locations in southeast (se) and southwest (sw) minnesota. antibody prevalence was determined for the following pathogens: mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, leptospira interrogans (six serovars), anaplasma marginale, b ... | 2008 | 18263838 |
| milk quality assurance for paratuberculosis: simulation of within-herd infection dynamics and economics. | a bulk milk quality assurance programme for mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) in dairy herds was simulated with a stochastic simulation model (johnessim). the aim of this study was to evaluate the epidemiological and economic effects of preventive management measures and various test schemes in a simulated population of closed dutch dairy herds over a 20-year period. herds were certified as ;low-map bulk milk' if, with a certain probability, the concentration of map in bulk milk ... | 2008 | 18258169 |
| ante mortem diagnosis of paratuberculosis: a review of accuracies of elisa, interferon-gamma assay and faecal culture techniques. | infections with mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) can be latent for years without affecting the animal, but the animal may become infectious or clinical at some point. diagnosis of paratuberculosis can be a challenge primarily in latent stages of the infection, and different diagnosis interpretations are usually required by the variety of decision makers. the objective of this paper was to provide a critical review of reported accuracies of elisa tests, interferon-gamma assays (i ... | 2008 | 18255239 |
| relationships between clinical signs, pathological changes and tissue distribution of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in 21 cows from herds affected by johne's disease. | twenty-one cows from eight herds affected by johne's disease were assigned to four groups: seven were not thriving and had persistent diarrhoea, six were not thriving and had intermittent diarrhoea, four were not thriving but did not have diarrhoea, and four were clinically normal. postmortem, macroscopic lesions consistent with johne's disease were identified in 17 of the cows and mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map) was isolated from all of them. however, except for the fact t ... | 2008 | 18245746 |
| mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis and m. avium subsp. avium are independently evolved pathogenic clones of a much broader group of m. avium organisms. | mycobacterium avium comprises organisms that share the same species designation despite considerable genomic and phenotypic variability. to determine the degree and nature of variability between subspecies and strains of m. avium, we used multilocus sequencing analysis, studying 56 genetically diverse strains of m. avium that included all described subspecies. in total, 8,064 bp of sequence from 10 gene loci were studied, with 205 (2.5%) representing variable positions. the majority (149/205) of ... | 2008 | 18245284 |
| immune responses in mice to mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis following vaccination with a novel 74f recombinant polyprotein. | johne's disease (jd) is a chronic infectious disease of ruminants caused by mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map). here, we report the cloning and expression of a 74kda recombinant polyprotein (map74f) and its protective efficacy against map infection in mice. map74f was generated by the sequential linkage of the orfs of the approximately 17.6-kda c-terminal fragment of map3527 to the full-length orf of map1519, followed at the c-terminus with approximately 14.6-kda n-terminal portio ... | 2008 | 18243427 |
| current value of historical and ongoing surveillance for disease freedom: surveillance for bovine johne's disease in western australia. | 'confidence' in freedom from disease is generally derived from multiple sources of varied surveillance information, and typically this surveillance evidence has been accumulated over time. in the state of western australia (wa) the main surveillance evidence supporting free zone status in the national bovine johne's disease (bjd) program comprises periodic surveys and the ongoing clinical diagnostic system. this paper illustrates a simple approach to current valuation of historical surveillance ... | 2008 | 18243373 |
| atp release by infected bovine monocytes increases the intracellular survival of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. | mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis is the etiologic agent of johne's disease, a chronic intestinal infection in ruminants. adenosine 5'-triphosphate (atp) has been reported to induce killing of several mycobacterium species in human and murine macrophages. we investigated whether atp secreted from m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis-infected bovine monocytes affects intracellular survival of the bacilli. bovine monocytes constitutively secreted atp during an 8-day incubation period in vitr ... | 2009 | 18243311 |
| expression of transforming growth factor-beta 1 (tgf-beta1) in different types of granulomatous lesions in bovine and ovine paratuberculosis. | paratuberculosis, caused by mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map), is manifested by a broad spectrum of clinical and lesional presentations. we have evaluated the expression of transforming growth factor-beta1 (tgf-beta1), a cytokine known to have immunosuppressor effects, by immunohistochemistry, in different paratuberculosis lesions in the intestine and lymph nodes from 20 sheep and 25 cattle. peripheral immune responses were assessed by interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma) test and the pr ... | 2009 | 18242702 |
| effects of shipping and storage conditions of fecal samples on viability of mycobacterium paratuberculosis. | 2008 | 18234861 | |
| in this issue: proteomics 3/2008. | in this issue of proteomics you will find the following highlighted articles:once upon a complex busyonce upon a complex busy spied cn pang et al. who found a doozy: proteins partnered for tours of duty and lived lives measured by general utility. all right, enough is enough, back to work. from a variety of studies, particularly in yeast, it is now apparent that specific protein complexes form and disperse as needed or not, in solution or membrane-associated. a common general structure has been ... | 2008 | 18232059 |
| early antibody response against mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis antigens in subclinical cattle. | our laboratories have previously reported on the experimental infection of cattle with mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis (m. paratuberculosis) using an intratonsillar infection model. in addition, we have recently developed a partial protein array representing 92 m. paratuberculosis coding sequences. these combined tools have enabled a unique look at the temporal analysis of m. paratuberculosis antigens within the native host. the primary objective of this study was to identify m. parat ... | 2008 | 18226229 |
| receiver operating characteristic-based assessment of a serological test used to detect johne's disease in israeli dairy herds. | the overall accuracy of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) used to detect johne's disease at herd level was explored in relation to an imperfect test (fecal culture) in 57 israeli dairy herds. receiver-operating characteristic (roc) analysis indicated an area under the curve (auc) that corresponded to a test accuracy of 82.0% (69.5% to 90.9%; 95% confidence), with optimized herd sensitivity and herd specificity of 70.4% and 83.3%, respectively; and predictive values of 79.2 (+) and 75. ... | 2008 | 18214157 |
| demonstration of allelic exchange in the slow-growing bacterium mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, and generation of mutants with deletions at the pkng, rela, and lsr2 loci. | mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis is the causative pathogen of johne's disease, a chronic inflammatory wasting disease in ruminants. this disease has been difficult to control because of the lack of an effective vaccine. to address this need, we adapted a specialized transduction system originally developed for m. tuberculosis and modified it to improve the efficiency of allelic exchange in order to generate site-directed mutations in preselected m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis genes. ... | 2008 | 18192416 |
| bayesian kriging of seroprevalence to mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis and neospora caninum in alberta beef and dairy cattle. | identifying spatial patterns of risk is important in the study of diseases with ecologic causes. furthermore, relatively complex hierarchical modeling is required to determine how factors that are organized across levels interact, such as how an ecologic cause interacts with farm management and with animal characteristics. the objective of this study was to map the risk for mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map - the causative agent of johne's disease) and neospora caninum (nc - t ... | 2007 | 18189052 |
| development and use of a partial mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis protein array. | as an initial step toward systematically characterizing all antigenic proteins produced by a significant veterinary pathogen, 43 recombinant mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (m. paratuberculosis) expression clones were constructed, cataloged, and stored. nc filters were spotted with purified proteins from each clone along with a whole cell lysate of m. paratuberculosis. spots on the resulting dot array consisted of hypothetical proteins (13), metabolic proteins (3), cell envelope ... | 2008 | 18186021 |
| comparison of bacterial culture, histopathology, and immunohistochemistry for the diagnosis of johne's disease in culled dairy cows. | paired samples of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded ileum and lymph node from 204 culled dairy cows were investigated for evidence of infection by mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. of the samples, 151 were from animals that were tissue-culture positive for m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis, and 53 were from animals that were tissue and fecal culture negative. from the culture-positive animals, m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis was isolated from 78 samples of ileum and from 107 samples o ... | 2008 | 18182508 |
| high genetic diversity among mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis strains from german cattle herds shown by combination of is900 restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis and mycobacterial interspersed repetitive unit-variable-number tandem-repeat typing. | mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis is the etiologic agent of johne's disease and is endemic to the national cattle herds of many countries. because of the very low level of genetic heterogeneity of this organism, it is difficult to select a workable procedure for strain differentiation at a resolution sufficient to investigate epidemiological links between herds or different ruminant species and the suggested zoonotic potential of m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis for crohn's disease. an ... | 2008 | 18174306 |
| mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis bacteremia in type 1 diabetes mellitus: an infectious trigger? | 2008 | 18171233 | |
| carboxyl terminus of the 34 kda protein of mycobacterium paratuberculosis shares homologous b-cell epitopes with mycobacterium avium and mycobacterium intracellulare. | monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against a recombinant carboxyl terminus of the 34 kda protein of mycobacterium paratuberculosis were produced in mice. two of the mabs cross-reacted with mycobacterium avium and mycobacterium intracellulare in both an elisa and immunoblot. the recombinant protein also reacted with polyclonal sera produced in rabbits against all three mycobacteria, indicating the presence of cross-reactive epitopes in the protein. to determine the reactivity of cattle sera against epi ... | 2007 | 18156594 |
| immunization with heat-killed mycobacterium paratuberculosis in mineral oil. | 1949 | 18139156 | |
| isolation from acid-fast bacteria of a growth-factor for mycobacterium johnei and of a precursor of phthiocol. | 1949 | 18112287 | |
| association between the presence of antibodies to mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis and somatic cell count. | somatic cell counts (scc) in bulk tank milk delivered for human consumption are one of the indicators of milk quality and are used for milk pricing. consequently, milk from cows with high scc is frequently used by farmers for feeding of calves to lower the scc in bulk tank milk. young calves are more susceptible to mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (map) and may acquire the infection early in life through ingestion of map-contaminated milk. the occurrence of map antibodies can be an indi ... | 2008 | 18096931 |
| new global map of crohn's disease: genetic, environmental, and socioeconomic correlations. | seventy-five years after the initial characterization of crohn's disease (cd), much remains obscure about its etiology. the authors sought to evaluate the incidence trends of the last 25 years worldwide, and the existence of potential correlations with genetic, environmental, and socioeconomic factors that could be etiologically implicated in the pathogenesis of cd. relevant medical literature for individual countries on the incidence of cd, on the incidence of associated genetic mutations, and ... | 2008 | 18095316 |
| role of cell membrane receptors in the suppression of monocyte anti-microbial activity against mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. | mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map), the agent of paratuberculosis, is a slow growing mycobacteria that survives within ruminant mononuclear phagocytes by preventing cell activation and phagosome maturation. we investigated interactions between map and monocyte membrane receptors that result in activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (mapk) p38 pathway and suppression of monocyte antimicrobial activity. bovine monocytes were treated with blocking antibodies or specific c ... | 2008 | 18079089 |
| antigenic profiles of recombinant proteins from mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in sheep with johne's disease. | methods to improve the elisa test to detect mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis have been explored over several years. previously, selected recombinant proteins of m. avium subspecies paratuberculosis were found to be immunogenic in cattle with johne's disease. in the present study, antibody responses of infected and healthy sheep were evaluated using 18 purified recombinant proteins in an elisa-based format for the serodiagnosis of ovine paratuberculosis. these selected recombinant prot ... | 2008 | 18079002 |
| impact of protein shedding on detection of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis by a whole-cell immunoassay incorporating surface-enhanced raman scattering. | the etiological agent of johne's disease is mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. controlling the spread of this disease is hindered by the lack of sensitive, selective, and rapid detection methods for m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis. by using a recently optimized sandwich immunoassay (b. j. yakes, r. j. lipert, j. p. bannantine, and m. d. porter, clin. vaccine immunol. 15:227-234, 2008), which incorporates a new monoclonal antibody for the selective capture and labeling of m. avium subs ... | 2008 | 18077615 |
| detection of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis by a sonicate immunoassay based on surface-enhanced raman scattering. | a sandwich immunoassay for the rapid, low-level detection of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis has been developed. m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis is the causative agent of johne's disease in cattle, and one of the major obstacles in controlling the spread of this disease is the inability to rapidly detect small amounts of bacteria or other diagnostic markers shed during the subclinical stage of infection. this paper details the development and performance of an assay for sonicated m. ... | 2008 | 18077613 |
| humoral immune responses of type 1 diabetes patients to mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis lend support to the infectious trigger hypothesis. | mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis is a zoonotic pathogen whose association with crohn's disease in humans is under scrutiny. the objective of this work was to investigate its association with other chronic diseases such as type 1 diabetes mellitus (t1dm), where the involvement of a persistent pathogen such as m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis could be the trigger. for this purpose, 59 diabetic patients and 59 healthy controls were investigated for the presence of antibodies against two ... | 2008 | 18077612 |
| bovine igg1 antibodies against mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis protein p34-cx improve association of bacteria and macrophages. | paratuberculosis, caused by mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map), is a chronic granulomatous enteric disease in cattle. among molecular components of map, protein p34 was identified as specific and immunodominant for bovine b cells. in order to determine if specific antibodies could influence the course of map pathogenesis, the interaction between bacteria and bovine macrophages was studied. bovine polyclonal antibodies from 3 calves vaccinated with protein p34-cx, 6 calves vaccinat ... | 2008 | 18073093 |
| thiopurine drugs azathioprine and 6-mercaptopurine inhibit mycobacterium paratuberculosis growth in vitro. | the in vitro susceptibility of human- and bovine-origin mycobacterium paratuberculosis to the thioupurine drugs 6-mercaptopurine (6-mp) and azathioprine (aza) was established using conventional plate counting methods and the mgit 960 paratb culture system. both 6-mp and aza had antibacterial activity against m. paratuberculosis; isolates from crohn's disease patients tended to be more susceptible than were bovine-origin isolates. isolates of mycobacterium avium, used as controls, were generally ... | 2008 | 18070971 |
| [paratuberculose enteritis and crohn's disease]. | paratuberculose enteritis is an infectious and contagious chronic disease of the rumiants. it is characterised by periodic diarrhoea and progressive emaciation and loss of condition, intestinal ileitis and oedematous mucosa with cirumvolutions. the disease is caused by mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. crohn's disease or inflammatory bowel disease has identical characterization with ileitis, colitis with oedematous state and enlarged intestinal mucosa. iflammatory infiltration of the ... | 2007 | 18069597 |
| lipopentapeptide induces a strong host humoral response and distinguishes mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis from m. avium subsp. avium. | many non-tuberculous mycobacteria synthesize abundant glycopeptidolipids (gpls). these surface-located gpls are involved in pathogenicity by interfering with the host immune system. in mycobacterium avium subsp. avium (mav), gpls consist of a lipopeptide core composed of a tetrapeptide o-linked to mono- and oligo-saccharides. the biosynthesis pathway of the simplest gpls is now relatively well understood and involves probably more than fifteen genes. whereas it is very obvious that most, if not ... | 2008 | 18068277 |
| visualization of mycobacterium avium in crohn's tissue by oil-immersion microscopy. | studies seeking mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in crohn's disease by pcr have generated inconsistent findings. as an alternative, microscopy offers a number of advantages, including direct visualization of organisms in tissue. experimental infections have demonstrated that m. avium organisms can be seen by both acid-fast staining and species-specific in situ hybridization, but because they are smaller than m. tuberculosis, oil-immersion microscopy (x 1,000 magnification) is needed. ... | 2007 | 18062905 |
| intra-uterine transmission of mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis in subclinically affected red deer (cervus elaphus). | to determine the rate of transmission of mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis (m. ptb) from hind to fetus in utero, and the risk of transmission from dam to fawn via infected colostrum and milk in subclinically affected red deer hinds. | 2007 | 18059649 |
| a novel multi-antigen virally vectored vaccine against mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis. | mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis causes systemic infection and chronic intestinal inflammation in many species including primates. humans are exposed through milk and from sources of environmental contamination. hitherto, the only vaccines available against mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis have been limited to veterinary use and comprised attenuated or killed organisms. | 2007 | 18043737 |
| the evidence for mycobacterium paratuberculosis in crohn's disease. | though long hypothesized, the putative link between mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis and crohn's disease remains neither confirmed nor refuted. this article reviews published contributions that directly or indirectly address this question. | 2008 | 18043227 |
| gastrointestinal infections, an overview: from pathogens to metagenomes. | 2008 | 18043224 | |
| assessment of the prevalence of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in commercially pasteurized milk. | conflicting laboratory-acquired data have been published about the heat resistance of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map), the cause of the deadly paratuberculosis (johne's disease) of ruminants. results of surveys of the presence of map in industrially pasteurized milk from several countries are conflicting also. this paper critically reviews the available data on the heat resistance of map and, based on these studies, a quantitative model describing the probability of finding map ... | 2007 | 18041953 |
| profiling bovine antibody responses to mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection by using protein arrays. | with the genome sequence of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis determined, technologies are now being developed for construction of protein arrays to detect the presence of antibodies against m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis in host serum. the power of this approach is that it enables a direct comparison of m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis proteins to each other in relation to their immunostimulatory capabilities. in this study, 93 recombinant proteins, produced in escherichia coli, wer ... | 2008 | 18039835 |
| role of the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway in the differential response of bovine monocytes to mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis and mycobacterium avium subsp. avium. | we compared the kinetics of activation and antimicrobial activities of mapk-p38 and mapk-erk in bovine monocytes infected with mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) and mycobacterium avium subsp. avium (maa). monocytes were incubated with map or maa organisms with or without a specific inhibitor of the mapk-p38 pathway (sb203580), and mapk phosphorylation and antimicrobial functions of monocytes were evaluated. at early time points mapk-p38 phosphorylation was greater in map-infected ... | 2007 | 18035573 |
| simulation modeling to evaluate the persistence of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) on commercial dairy farms in the united states. | we developed a series of deterministic mathematical models of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) transmission on commercial us dairies. our models build upon and modify models and assumptions in previous work to better reflect the pathobiology of the disease. parameter values were obtained from literature for animal turnover in us dairy herds and rates of transition between disease states. the models developed were used to test three hypotheses. (1) infectious transmission followi ... | 2008 | 18022716 |
| brain heart infusion broth may not be a required component for the decontamination process for the isolation of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis from fecal samples using esp broth cultures. | based on the authors' laboratory experience indicating that increased bacterial contamination in mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (map) cultures may be because of the addition of brain heart infusion broth (bhi) during the decontamination process, this study was designed to examine whether bhi is a required component for the isolation of map from esp(r) broth cultures. twenty-six national veterinary services laboratory (nvsl) proficiency test samples supplied for the year 2005 were used ... | 2007 | 17998562 |
| an inter-laboratory ring trial for the detection and isolation of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis from raw milk artificially contaminated with naturally infected faeces. | there is a need for standardised, robust, reproducible molecular and culture methods to achieve clarification of the inactivation of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map), the causative microbial agent of johne's disease, in (faecally) contaminated milk and other food products such as meat. this study assessed the performance of a commercially available map dna extraction kit for milk adiapure and accompanying pcr detection kit adiavet alongside 'in-house' molecular and culture metho ... | 2008 | 17993386 |
| mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in bison (bison bison) from northern canada. | nested polymerase chain reaction (pcr) using the mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map)-specific region, locus 251, was used as a screening tool for the detection of map dna in fecal samples from northern canadian bison herds. further characterization of positive samples (26/835) was performed because map dna was found without signs of disease. strain typing, using pcr-restriction endonucleas assay (rea), was limited to two samples but revealed that the samples corresponded to a c ... | 2007 | 17984279 |
| experimental infection of white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) with mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. | mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) is the causative agent of paratuberculosis or johne's disease, a chronic enteric disease of domestic ruminants as well as some nondomestic ruminants. paratuberculosis is characterized by a protracted subclinical phase followed by clinical signs such as diarrhea, weight loss, and hypoproteinemia. fecal shedding of map is characteristic of both the subclinical and clinical phases, and it is important in disease transmission. lesions of paratubercul ... | 2007 | 17984254 |
| importance of the australian crohn's disease antibiotic study. | 2007 | 17983827 | |
| australian crohn's antibiotic study opens new horizons. | 2007 | 17983826 | |
| flawed australian cd study does not end map controversy. | 2007 | 17983825 | |
| the australian antibiotic trial in crohn's disease: alternative conclusions from the same study. | 2007 | 17983824 | |
| mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis infects and multiplies in enteric glial cells. | to establish the role of enteric glial cells during infection with mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map) in crohn's disease. | 2007 | 17963299 |
| influence of type of culture medium on characterization of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis subtypes. | we evaluated the effects of culture and/or enrichment methods on the selection of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis subtypes. m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis isolates from bovine fecal samples processed using a centrifugation protocol were investigated in both liquid (mgit paratb tubes) and solid (herrold's egg yolk medium) culture media. for this evaluation, m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis subtyping was based on the sequence variation in two of the most discriminatory short sequence ... | 2008 | 17959762 |
| interference of paratuberculosis with the diagnosis of tuberculosis in a goat flock with a natural mixed infection. | detection of infected animals is a key step in eradication programs of tuberculosis. paratuberculosis infection has been demonstrated to compromise the specificity of the diagnostic tests. however, its effect on their sensitivity has not been clarified. in the present study, skin tests and the interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma) assay were evaluated in a goat flock (n=177) with a mixed tuberculosis-paratuberculosis infection in order to assess the possible effect of paratuberculosis on their sensitivit ... | 2008 | 17954015 |
| the mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis map3464 gene encodes an oxidoreductase involved in invasion of bovine epithelial cells through the activation of host cell cdc42. | mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection of cattle takes place through the intestinal mucosa. to identify m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis genes associated with the invasion of bovine epithelial cells in vitro, we screened a library of transposon mutants. several mutants of m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis were identified which invaded madin-darby bovine kidney (mdbk) epithelial cells less efficiently than wild-type (wt) m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis. the deltaox mutant had the t ... | 2008 | 17938223 |
| in utero infection of cattle with mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis: a critical review and meta-analysis. | mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (mptb) causes johne's disease in ruminants. disease control programmes aim to break the faecal-oral cow-calf transmission cycle through hygienic calf rearing and removal of affected cows from the herd, but these programmes do not take account of the potential for congenital infection. the aims of this study were to critically review research on in utero infection, determine the prevalence of fetal infection in cattle through meta-analysis and estimate ... | 2009 | 17928247 |
| prevalence of serum antibodies to mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in cattle in galicia (northwest spain). | prior to establishing a control and prevention program for johne's disease in cattle in galicia (northwest spain), a survey was conducted to estimate the prevalence of the disease. for this survey, 61,069 animals of at least 1-year of age from 2735 randomly selected herds were bled and samples analyzed with a commercial elisa. the estimated true individual-level prevalences--assuming the manufacturer's reported test sensitivity of 48.5% and specificity of 98.9%--were 3.02% in dairy cattle, 1.03% ... | 2007 | 17928078 |
| microbial mannan inhibits bacterial killing by macrophages: a possible pathogenic mechanism for crohn's disease. | crohn's disease (cd) is mimicked by inherited phagocyte disorders and is associated with circulating antibodies against yeast mannan (anti-saccharomyces cerevisiae antibody; asca). we speculated that mannans might impair phagocyte function. | 2007 | 17919633 |
| the etiology of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in crohn's disease. | the etiology of crohn's disease (cd) has drawn heated controversy in the literature. compelling evidence in the literature has accumulated lately that could incriminate the mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map), the well-known agent of john's disease in cattle. the evidence is isolation of the organism or its dna and rna, detection of the anti-map antibodies in crohn's patients, increasing incidents of cd in areas close to the cattle pastures, and the possibility of treating the ... | 2007 | 17914503 |
| bovine monocyte tlr2 receptors differentially regulate the intracellular fate of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis and mycobacterium avium subsp. avium. | pathogenic mycobacterial organisms have the capacity to inhibit macrophage activation and phagosome maturation. although the mechanism is complex, several studies have incriminated signaling through tlr2 receptors with subsequent activation of the mapk pathway p38 (mapkp38) and overproduction of il-10 in the survival of pathogenic mycobacterial organisms. in the present study, we compared the response of bovine monocytes with infection by mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map), th ... | 2008 | 17913973 |