Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
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| crystal structure of apo and ligand bound vibrio cholerae ribokinase (vc-rk): role of monovalent cation induced activation and structural flexibility in sugar phosphorylation. | 2015 | 25408351 | |
| vibrio cholerae cytolysin: structure-function mechanism of an atypical β-barrel pore-forming toxin. | 2015 | 25408339 | |
| epidemiology, determinants and dynamics of cholera in pakistan: gaps and prospects for future research. | cholera is one of the notifiable endemic diseases in pakistan, but the reporting of cholera cases is still unsatisfactory. most of the diagnosed cases are never reported to the relevant authorities. in the year 1993 - 2005, the country did not report any single case of cholera to the who. the objectives of this review were to understand the epidemiology and to identify the possible determinants of cholera infection in pakistan. medscape, medline, pakmedinet and pubmed, was searched, using key wo ... | 2014 | 25404447 |
| development of stable vibrio cholerae o1 hikojima type vaccine strains co-expressing the inaba and ogawa lipopolysaccharide antigens. | we describe here the development of stable classical and el tor v. cholerae o1 strains of the hikojima serotype that co-express the inaba and ogawa antigens of o1 lipopolysaccharide (lps). mutation of the wbet gene reduced lps perosamine methylation and thereby gave only partial transformation into ogawa lps on the cell surface. the strains express approximately equal amounts of inaba- and ogawa-lps antigens which are preserved after formalin-inactivation of the bacteria. oral immunizations of b ... | 2014 | 25397871 |
| evaluation of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry for identification of vibrio cholerae. | we evaluated the use of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (ms) for the identification of vibrio cholerae. ms identified all 42 isolates of v. cholerae o1 and o139 and 7 of 9 non-o1/o139 isolates. ms correctly discriminated between all aeromonas and v. cholerae isolates. overall, ms performed as well as or better than biochemical methods. | 2015 | 25392355 |
| high-frequency rugose exopolysaccharide production by vibrio cholerae strains isolated in haiti. | in october, 2010, epidemic cholera was reported for the first time in haiti in over 100 years. establishment of cholera endemicity in haiti will be dependent in large part on the continued presence of toxigenic v. cholerae o1 in aquatic reservoirs. the rugose phenotype of v. cholerae, characterized by exopolysaccharide production that confers resistance to environmental stress, is a potential contributor to environmental persistence. using a microbiologic medium promoting high-frequency conversi ... | 2014 | 25390633 |
| antibiotic resistant shigella is a major cause of diarrhoea in the highlands of papua new guinea. | diarrhoea remains a major cause of illness in papua new guinea (png); however, little is known about its aetiology. as a result of the cholera outbreak that spread throughout png in 2009-2011, we conducted diarrhoeal surveillance in eastern highlands province. | 2014 | 25390051 |
| urban-rural differentials in overweight and obese individuals with diarrhea in bangladesh. | the study aimed to determine urban and rural differences in overweight and obesity (oo) with diarrhea regarding subjects' sociodemographic, clinical characteristics, etiology, and antimicrobial susceptibility. | 2014 | 25386993 |
| environmental surveillance for toxigenic vibrio cholerae in surface waters of haiti. | epidemic cholera was reported in haiti in 2010, with no information available on the occurrence or geographic distribution of toxigenic vibrio cholerae in haitian waters. in a series of field visits conducted in haiti between 2011 and 2013, water and plankton samples were collected at 19 sites. vibrio cholerae was detected using culture, polymerase chain reaction, and direct viable count methods (dfa-dvc). cholera toxin genes were detected by polymerase chain reaction in broth enrichments of sam ... | 2015 | 25385860 |
| xerd-mediated ftsk-independent integration of tlcϕ into the vibrio cholerae genome. | as in most bacteria, topological problems arising from the circularity of the two vibrio cholerae chromosomes, chri and chrii, are resolved by the addition of a crossover at a specific site of each chromosome, dif, by two tyrosine recombinases, xerc and xerd. the reaction is under the control of a cell division protein, ftsk, which activates the formation of a holliday junction (hj) intermediate by xerd catalysis that is resolved into product by xerc catalysis. many plasmids and phages exploit x ... | 2014 | 25385643 |
| application of chitosan microparticles for reduction of vibrio species in seawater and live oysters (crassostrea virginica). | human vibrio infections associated with consumption of raw shellfish greatly impact the seafood industry. vibrio cholerae-related disease is occasionally attributed to seafood, but v. vulnificus and v. parahaemolyticus are the primary targets of postharvest processing (php) efforts in the united states, as they pose the greatest threat to the industry. most successful php treatments for vibrio reduction also kill the molluscs and are not suitable for the lucrative half-shell market, while nonlet ... | 2015 | 25381244 |
| three-dimensional structure of a protozoal double-stranded rna virus that infects the enteric pathogen giardia lamblia. | giardia lamblia virus (glv) is a small, nonenveloped, nonsegmented double-stranded rna (dsrna) virus infecting giardia lamblia, the most common protozoan pathogen of the human intestine and a major agent of waterborne diarrheal disease worldwide. glv (genus giardiavirus) is a member of family totiviridae, along with several other groups of protozoal or fungal viruses, including leishmania rna viruses and trichomonas vaginalis viruses. interestingly, glv is more closely related than other totivir ... | 2014 | 25378500 |
| draft genome sequence of non-o1 and non-o139 vibrio cholerae strain vcc19. | vibrio cholerae o1 is the causative agent of cholera and is ubiquitous in the aquatic environment, while v. cholerae strains non-o1 and non-o139 are recognized as causative agents of sporadic and localized outbreaks of diarrhea. here, we report the complete sequence of a non-o1 and non-o139 v. cholerae strain (vcc19), which was isolated from the environment in brazil. the sequence includes the integrative conjugative element (ice). this paper is the first report of the presence of such an elemen ... | 2014 | 25377699 |
| artist: high-resolution genome-wide assessment of fitness using transposon-insertion sequencing. | transposon-insertion sequencing (tis) is a powerful approach for deciphering genetic requirements for bacterial growth in different conditions, as it enables simultaneous genome-wide analysis of the fitness of thousands of mutants. however, current methods for comparative analysis of tis data do not adjust for stochastic experimental variation between datasets and are limited to interrogation of annotated genomic elements. here, we present artist, an accessible tis analysis pipeline for identify ... | 2014 | 25375795 |
| the preliminary assessment of anti-microbial activity of hplc separated components of kirkia wilmsii. | most communities in developing countries rely on traditional medicines for the treatment of diseases. in south africa, the limpopo province, within the lebowakgomo district, uses tuberous roots of kirkia wilmsii, after infusion in water for the treatment of a wide range of diseases by sotho communities. | 2014 | 25371593 |
| genomic epidemiology of the haitian cholera outbreak: a single introduction followed by rapid, extensive, and continued spread characterized the onset of the epidemic. | for centuries, cholera has been one of the most feared diseases. the causative agent vibrio cholerae is a waterborne gram-negative enteric pathogen eliciting a severe watery diarrheal disease. in october 2010, the seventh pandemic reached haiti, a country that had not experienced cholera for more than a century. by using whole-genome sequence typing and mapping strategies of 116 serotype o1 strains from global sources, including 44 haitian genomes, we present a detailed reconstructed evolutionar ... | 2014 | 25370488 |
| the vibrio cholerae cpx envelope stress response senses and mediates adaptation to low iron. | the cpx pathway, a two-component system that employs the sensor histidine kinase cpxa and the response regulator cpxr, regulates crucial envelope stress responses across bacterial species and affects antibiotic resistance. to characterize the cpxr regulon in vibrio cholerae, the transcriptional profile of the pandemic v. cholerae el tor c6706 strain was examined upon overexpression of cpxr. our data show that the cpx regulon of v. cholerae is enriched in genes encoding membrane-localized and tra ... | 2014 | 25368298 |
| host intestinal signal-promoted biofilm dispersal induces vibrio cholerae colonization. | vibrio cholerae causes human infection through ingestion of contaminated food and water, leading to the devastating diarrheal disease cholera. v. cholerae forms matrix-encased aggregates, known as biofilms, in the native aquatic environment. while the formation of v. cholerae biofilms has been well studied, little is known about the dispersal from biofilms, particularly upon entry into the host. in this study, we found that the exposure of mature biofilms to physiologic levels of the bile salt t ... | 2015 | 25368110 |
| vibrio cholerae: measuring natural transformation frequency. | many bacteria can become naturally competent to take up extracellular dna across their outer and inner membranes by a dedicated competence apparatus. whereas some studies show that the dna delivered to the cytoplasm may be used for genome repair or for nutrition, it can also be recombined onto the chromosome by homologous recombination: a process called natural transformation. along with conjugation and transduction, natural transformation represents a mechanism for horizontal transfer of geneti ... | 2014 | 25367272 |
| twin outbreak of cholera in rural north karnataka, india. | successive outbreaks of acute watery diarrhoea occurred in talikoti and harnal, located in bijapur district of the southern indian s0 tate of karnataka, in july and august 2012, respectively. these outbreaks were investigated to identify the aetiology and epidemiology. | 2014 | 25366211 |
| probiotic potential of lactic acid bacteria present in home made curd in southern india. | the human gut microbiota play a significant role in nutritional processes. the concept of probiotics has led to widespread consumption of food preparations containing probiotic microbes such as curd and yogurt. curd prepared at home is consumed every day in most homes in southern india. in this study the home-made curd was evaluated for lactic acid bacteria (lab) with probiotic potential. | 2014 | 25366201 |
| genome sequence of vibrio cholerae strain o1 ogawa el tor, isolated in mexico, 2013. | we present the draft genome sequence of vibrio cholerae indre 3140 recovered in 2013 during a cholera outbreak in mexico. the genome showed the vibrio 7th pandemic islands vsp1 and vsp2, the pathogenic islands vpi-1 and vpi-2, the integrative and conjugative element sxt/r391 (ice-sxt), and both prophages ctxφ and rs1φ. | 2014 | 25359919 |
| synthetic secondary chromosomes in escherichia coli based on the replication origin of chromosome ii in vibrio cholerae. | recent developments in dna-assembly methods make the synthesis of synthetic chromosomes a reachable goal. however, the redesign of primary chromosomes bears high risks and still requires enormous resources. an alternative approach is the addition of synthetic chromosomes to the cell. the natural secondary chromosome of vibrio cholerae could potentially serve as template for a synthetic secondary chromosome in escherichia coli. to test this assumption we constructed a replicon named synvicii base ... | 2015 | 25359671 |
| a new epithelial cell line, hbf from caudal fin of endangered yellow catfish, horabagrus brachysoma (gunther, 1864). | a new epithelial cell line, horabagrus brachysoma fin (hbf), was established from the caudal fin tissue of yellow catfish, h. brachysoma and characterized. this hbf cell line was maintained in leibovitz's-15 medium supplemented with 15 % fetal bovine serum (fbs) and subcultured more than 62 times over a period of 20 months. the hbf cell line consists predominantly of epithelial cells and is able to grow at temperatures between 20 and 35 °c with an optimum temperature of 28 °c. the growth rate of ... | 2016 | 25359669 |
| a systematic analysis of the in vitro and in vivo functions of the hd-gyp domain proteins of vibrio cholerae. | the second messenger cyclic diguanylate (c-di-gmp) plays a central role in bacterial adaptation to extracellular stimuli, controlling processes such as motility, biofilm development, cell development and, in some pathogens, virulence. the intracellular level of c-di-gmp is controlled by the complementary activities of diguanylate cyclases containing a ggdef domain and two classes of c-di-gmp phosphodiesterases containing an eal or hd-gyp hydrolytic domain. compared to the ggdef and eal domains, ... | 2014 | 25343965 |
| multidrug-resistant inca/c plasmid in vibrio cholerae from haiti. | 2014 | 25340576 | |
| nontoxigenic vibrio cholerae non-o1/o139 isolate from a case of human gastroenteritis in the u.s. gulf coast. | an occurrence of vibrio cholerae non-o1/o139 gastroenteritis in the u.s. gulf coast is reported here. genomic analysis revealed that the isolate lacked known virulence factors associated with the clinical outcome of a v. cholerae infection but did contain putative genomic islands and other accessory virulence factors. many of these factors are widespread among environmental strains of v. cholerae, suggesting that there might be additional virulence factors in non-o1/o139 v. cholerae yet to be de ... | 2015 | 25339398 |
| [the development of reagents set in the format of dna-chip for genetic typing of strains of vibrio cholerae]. | the necessity of development of methods of genic diagnostic of cholera is conditioned by continuation of the seventh pandemic of cholera, taxonomic variability of strains of vibrio cholerae involved into pandemic and also permanent danger of delivery of disease to the territory of the russian federation. the methods of genic diagnostic of cholera make it possible in a comparatively short time to maximally minutely characterize strains isolated from patients or their environment. the article pres ... | 2014 | 25338464 |
| pathogenic enterobacteria in lemurs associated with anthropogenic disturbance. | as human population density continues to increase exponentially, speeding the reduction and fragmentation of primate habitat, greater human-primate contact is inevitable, making higher rates of pathogen transmission likely. anthropogenic effects are particularly evident in madagascar, where a diversity of endemic lemur species are threatened by rapid habitat loss. despite these risks, knowledge of how anthropogenic activities affect lemur exposure to pathogens is limited. to improve our understa ... | 2014 | 25328106 |
| biophysical characteristics of cholera toxin and escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin structure and chemistry lead to differential toxicity. | the biophysical chemistry of macromolecular complexes confer their functional characteristics. we investigate the mechanisms that make the ab5 holotoxin of vibrio cholerae (ct) a significantly more pathogenic molecule than the enterotoxin of escherichia coli (lt) with which it shares 88% similarity and whose structure is homologous with a backbone rmsd of 0.84 å and imposes its deleterious effects though the same process to constitutively adp-ribosylate adenylate cyclase. we present computationa ... | 2015 | 25322200 |
| single-molecule tracking in live vibrio cholerae reveals that toxr recruits the membrane-bound virulence regulator tcpp to the toxt promoter. | vibrio cholerae causes the human disease cholera by producing a potent toxin. the v. cholerae virulence pathway involves an unusual transcription step: the bitopic inner-membrane proteins tcpp and toxr activate toxt transcription. as toxt is the primary direct transcription activator in v. cholerae pathogenicity, its regulation by membrane-localized activators is key in the disease process. however, the molecular mechanisms by which membrane-localized activators engage the transcription process ... | 2015 | 25318589 |
| occurrence of vibrio cholerae in fish and water from a reservoir and a neighboring channel in ouagadougou, burkina faso. | vibrio cholerae is a human pathogen and natural inhabitant of aquatic environments. in this study, we surveyed the occurrence of v. cholerae in fish harvested from a reservoir that receives discharges from the population in ouagadougou through several channels. | 2014 | 25313612 |
| coevolution of the atpase clpv, the sheath proteins tssb and tssc, and the accessory protein tagj/hsie1 distinguishes type vi secretion classes. | the type vi secretion system (t6ss) is a bacterial nanomachine for the transport of effector molecules into prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. it involves the assembly of a tubular structure composed of tssb and tssc that is similar to the tail sheath of bacteriophages. the sheath contracts to provide the energy needed for effector delivery. the aaa(+) atpase clpv disassembles the contracted sheath, which resets the systems for reassembly of an extended sheath that is ready to fire again. this me ... | 2014 | 25305017 |
| in vivo antipyretic, antiemetic, in vitro membrane stabilization, antimicrobial, and cytotoxic activities of different extracts from spilanthes paniculata leaves. | the study was conducted to evaluate the in vitro antimicrobial activity, cytotoxic, and membrane stabilization activities, and in vivo antiemetic and antipyretic potentials of ethanolic extract, n-hexane and ethyl acetate soluble fractions of spilanthes paniculata leaves for the first time widely used in the traditional treatments in bangladesh. | 2014 | 25299748 |
| type three secretion system in non-toxigenic vibrio cholerae o1, mexico. | 2014 | 25298162 | |
| [etiologic characteristics of vibrio cholerae in guangdong province in 2009-2013]. | to analyze the etiologic characteristics of o1/o139 vibrio cholerae in guangdong province in 2009-2013. | 2014 | 25294076 |
| adhesion as a weapon in microbial competition. | microbes attach to surfaces and form dense communities known as biofilms, which are central to how microbes live and influence humans. the key defining feature of biofilms is adhesion, whereby cells attach to one another and to surfaces, via attachment factors and extracellular polymers. while adhesion is known to be important for the initial stages of biofilm formation, its function within biofilm communities has not been studied. here we utilise an individual-based model of microbial groups to ... | 2015 | 25290505 |
| conformational coupling between the active site and residues within the k(c)-channel of the vibrio cholerae cbb3-type (c-family) oxygen reductase. | the respiratory chains of nearly all aerobic organisms are terminated by proton-pumping heme-copper oxygen reductases (hcos). previous studies have established that c-family hcos contain a single channel for uptake from the bacterial cytoplasm of all chemical and pumped protons, and that the entrance of the k(c)-channel is a conserved glutamate in subunit iii. however, the majority of the k(c)-channel is within subunit i, and the pathway from this conserved glutamate to subunit i is not evident. ... | 2014 | 25288772 |
| abundance of vibrio cholerae, v. vulnificus, and v. parahaemolyticus in oysters (crassostrea virginica) and clams (mercenaria mercenaria) from long island sound. | vibriosis is a leading cause of seafood-associated morbidity and mortality in the united states. typically associated with consumption of raw or undercooked oysters, vibriosis associated with clam consumption is increasingly being reported. however, little is known about the prevalence of vibrio spp. in clams. the objective of this study was to compare the levels of vibrio cholerae, vibrio vulnificus, and vibrio parahaemolyticus in oysters and clams harvested concurrently from long island sound ... | 2014 | 25281373 |
| insights into vibrio cholerae intestinal colonization from monitoring fluorescently labeled bacteria. | vibrio cholerae, the agent of cholera, is a motile non-invasive pathogen that colonizes the small intestine (si). most of our knowledge of the processes required for v. cholerae intestinal colonization is derived from enumeration of wt and mutant v. cholerae recovered from orogastrically infected infant mice. there is limited knowledge of the distribution of v. cholerae within the si, particularly its localization along the villous axis, or of the bacterial and host factors that account for this ... | 2014 | 25275396 |
| [the experiments conducted by japanese on human guinea pigs, and the use of biological weapons during the sino-japanese war (1937-1945)]. | starting from the end of the nineteenth century, and during the first four decades of the past century, japan showed considerable military expansion, on the back of a pan-asiatic and imperialistic ideology, comparable only to those expressed by wilhelmian and nazi germany. this growth led to japan playing an extremely important role in the asia-pacific continent, which unavoidably brought the country onto a collision course with the british empire and the united states of america. the japanese g ... | 2014 | 25269971 |
| the type ii secretion system delivers matrix proteins for biofilm formation by vibrio cholerae. | gram-negative bacteria have evolved several highly dedicated pathways for extracellular protein secretion, including the type ii secretion (t2s) system. since substrates secreted via the t2s system include both virulence factors and degradative enzymes, this secretion system is considered a major survival mechanism for pathogenic and environmental species. previous analyses revealed that the t2s system mediates the export of ≥ 20 proteins in vibrio cholerae, a human pathogen that is indigenous t ... | 2014 | 25266381 |
| worldwide occurrence of integrative conjugative element encoding multidrug resistance determinants in epidemic vibrio cholerae o1. | in the last decades, there has been an increase of cholera epidemics caused by multidrug resistant strains. particularly, the integrative and conjugative element (ice) seems to play a major role in the emergence of multidrug resistant vibrio cholerae. this study fully characterized, by whole genome sequencing, new ices carried by multidrug resistant v. cholerae o1 strains from nigeria (2010) (icevchnig1) and nepal (1994) (icevchnep1). the gene content and gene order of these two ices are the sam ... | 2014 | 25265418 |
| differential management of the replication terminus regions of the two vibrio cholerae chromosomes during cell division. | the replication terminus region (ter) of the unique chromosome of most bacteria locates at mid-cell at the time of cell division. in several species, this localization participates in the necessary coordination between chromosome segregation and cell division, notably for the selection of the division site, the licensing of the division machinery assembly and the correct alignment of chromosome dimer resolution sites. the genome of vibrio cholerae, the agent of the deadly human disease cholera, ... | 2014 | 25255436 |
| characterization of tryptophanase from vibrio cholerae. | tryptophanase (trpase) is a pyridoxal phosphate (plp)-dependent enzyme responsible for the production of indole, an important intra- and interspecies signaling molecule in bacteria. in this study, the tnaa gene of vibrio cholerae coding for vctrpase was cloned into the pet-20b(+) vector and expressed in escherichia coli bl21(de3) tn5:tnaa. using ni(2+)-nitrilotriacetic acid (nta) chromatography, vctrpase was purified, and it possessed a molecular mass of ∼49 kda with specific absorption peaks at ... | 2015 | 25253268 |
| identification of capsule, biofilm, lateral flagellum, and type iv pili in vibrio mimicus strains. | vibrio mimicus is a bacterium that causes gastroenteritis; it is closely related to vibrio cholerae, and can cause acute diarrhea like cholera- or dysentery-type diarrhea. it is distributed worldwide. factors associated with virulence (such as hemolysins, enterotoxins, proteases, phospholipases, aerobactin, and hemagglutinin) have been identified; however, its pathogenicity mechanism is still unknown. in pathogenic vibrio species such as v. cholerae, vibrio. parahaemolyticus and vibrio vulnificu ... | 2014 | 25246027 |
| crystal structure of the novel di-nucleotide cyclase from vibrio cholerae (dncv) responsible for synthesizing a hybrid cyclic gmp-amp. | 2014 | 25245040 | |
| the vibrio cholerae extracellular chitinase chia2 is important for survival and pathogenesis in the host intestine. | in aquatic environments, vibrio cholerae colonizes mainly on the chitinous surface of copepods and utilizes chitin as the sole carbon and nitrogen source. of the two extracellular chitinases essential for chitin utilization, the expression of chia2 is maximally up-regulated in host intestine. recent studies indicate that several bacterial chitinases may be involved in host pathogenesis. however, the role of v. cholerae chitinases in host infection is not yet known. in this study, we provide evid ... | 2014 | 25244128 |
| antibacterial efficacy of recombinant siganus oramin l-amino acid oxidase expressed in pichia pastoris. | siganus oraminl-amino acid oxidase is a novel natural protein (named sr-laao) isolated from serum of the rabbitfish (s. oramin), which showed antibacterial activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and had a lethal effect on the parasites cryptocaryon irritans, trypanosoma brucei brucei and ichthyophthirius multifiliis. in order to test whether recombinant sr-laao (rsr-laao) produced by the eukaryotic expression system also has antimicrobial activity, the yeast pichia pastor ... | 2014 | 25238719 |
| vibrio cholerae use pili and flagella synergistically to effect motility switching and conditional surface attachment. | we show that vibrio cholerae, the causative agent of cholera, use their flagella and mannose-sensitive hemagglutinin (msha) type iv pili synergistically to switch between two complementary motility states that together facilitate surface selection and attachment. flagellar rotation counter-rotates the cell body, causing msha pili to have periodic mechanical contact with the surface for surface-skimming cells. using tracking algorithms at 5 ms resolution we observe two motility behaviours: 'roami ... | 2014 | 25234699 |
| phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of vibrio cholerae o1 isolated from the sierra leone cholera outbreak in 2012. | this study describes phenotypic, genotypic and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of the strains isolated from the 2012 sierra leone cholera outbreak. rectal swabs were collected from patients and cultured for vibrio cholerae o1. | 2014 | 25233936 |
| molecular insights into the evolutionary pathway of vibrio cholerae o1 atypical el tor variants. | pandemic v. cholerae strains in the o1 serogroup have 2 biotypes: classical and el tor. the classical biotype strains of the sixth pandemic, which encode the classical type cholera toxin (ct), have been replaced by el tor biotype strains of the seventh pandemic. the prototype el tor strains that produce biotype-specific cholera toxin are being replaced by atypical el tor variants that harbor classical cholera toxin. atypical el tor strains are categorized into 2 groups, wave 2 and wave 3 strains ... | 2014 | 25233006 |
| members of the human gut microbiota involved in recovery from vibrio cholerae infection. | given the global burden of diarrhoeal diseases, it is important to understand how members of the gut microbiota affect the risk for, course of, and recovery from disease in children and adults. the acute, voluminous diarrhoea caused by vibrio cholerae represents a dramatic example of enteropathogen invasion and gut microbial community disruption. here we conduct a detailed time-series metagenomic study of faecal microbiota collected during the acute diarrhoeal and recovery phases of cholera in a ... | 2014 | 25231861 |
| cholera and shigellosis: different epidemiology but similar responses to climate variability. | comparative studies of the associations between different infectious diseases and climate variability, such as the el niño-southern oscillation, are lacking. diarrheal illnesses, particularly cholera and shigellosis, provide an important opportunity to apply a comparative approach. cholera and shigellosis have significant global mortality and morbidity burden, pronounced differences in transmission pathways and pathogen ecologies, and there is an established climate link with cholera. in particu ... | 2014 | 25229494 |
| detection of virulence genes in environmental strains of vibrio cholerae from estuaries in northeastern brazil. | the objectives of this study were to detect the presence of vibrio cholerae in tropical estuaries (northeastern brazil) and to search for virulence factors in the environmental isolates. water and sediment samples were inoculated onto a vibrio-selective medium (tcbs), and colonies with morphological resemblance to v. cholerae were isolated. the cultures were identified phenotypically using a dichotomous key based on biochemical characteristics. the total dna extracted was amplified by pcr to det ... | 2017 | 25229224 |
| rna thermometer controls temperature-dependent virulence factor expression in vibrio cholerae. | vibrio cholerae is the bacterium that causes the diarrheal disease cholera. the bacteria experience a temperature shift as v. cholerae transition from contaminated water at lower temperatures into the 37 °c human intestine. within the intestine, v. cholerae express cholera toxin (ct) and toxin-coregulated pilus (tcp), two main virulence factors required for disease. ct and tcp expression is controlled by the transcriptional activator protein toxt. we identified an rna thermometer motif in the 5' ... | 2014 | 25228776 |
| a novel, broad-range, ctxφ-derived stable integrative expression vector for functional studies. | ctxφ, a filamentous vibriophage encoding cholera toxin, uses a unique strategy for its lysogeny. the single-stranded phage genome forms intramolecular base-pairing interactions between two inversely oriented xerc and xerd binding sites (xbs) and generates a functional phage attachment site, attp(+), for integration. the attp(+) structure is recognized by the host-encoded tyrosine recombinases xerc and xerd (xercd), which enables irreversible integration of ctxφ into the chromosome dimer resoluti ... | 2014 | 25225263 |
| aetiologies of diarrhoea in adults from urban and rural treatment facilities in bangladesh. | the objective of our analysis was to describe the aetiology, clinical features, and socio-demographic background of adults with diarrhoea attending different urban and rural diarrhoeal disease hospitals in bangladesh. between january 2010 and december 2011, a total of 5054 adult diarrhoeal patients aged ⩾20 years were enrolled into the diarrhoeal disease surveillance systems at four different hospitals (two rural and two urban) of bangladesh. middle-aged [adjusted odds ratio (aor) 0·28, 95% conf ... | 2015 | 25222698 |
| [the study of ctxb and rstr variations of toxigenic vibrio cholerae o1 el tor strains isolated from 1961 to 2010 in china]. | to understand the ctxb and rstr variations of toxigenic vibrio cholerae (v.cholerae) o1 el tor strains isolated from different provinces in china from 1961 to 2010. | 2014 | 25219433 |
| [molecular characteristics and antibiotic resistance of vibrio cholerae o139 in shandong province]. | to investigate the molecular epidemiological characteristics and antibiotic resistance profiles of vibrio cholerae o139 in shandong province. | 2014 | 25219432 |
| genome sequencing of 15 clinical vibrio isolates, including 13 non-o1/non-o139 serogroup strains. | we present draft genome sequences of 15 clinical vibrio isolates of various serogroups. these are valuable data for use in studying vibrio cholerae genetic diversity, epidemic potential, and strain attribution. | 2014 | 25212618 |
| central role of the na(+)-translocating nadh:quinone oxidoreductase (na(+)-nqr) in sodium bioenergetics of vibrio cholerae. | vibrio cholerae is a gram-negative bacterium that lives in brackish or sea water environments. strains of v. cholerae carrying the pathogenicity islands infect the human gut and cause the fatal disease cholera. vibrio cholerae maintains a na(+) gradient at its cytoplasmic membrane that drives substrate uptake, motility, and efflux of antibiotics. here, we summarize the major na(+)-dependent transport processes and describe the central role of the na(+)-translocating nadh:quinone oxidoreductase ( ... | 2014 | 25205724 |
| an optofluidic imaging system to measure the biophysical signature of single waterborne bacteria. | in this paper, for the first time, an on-chip optofluidic imaging system is innovated to measure the biophysical signatures of single waterborne bacteria, including both their refractive indices and morphologies (size and shape), based on immersion refractometry. the key features of the proposed optofluidic imaging platform include (1) multiple sites for single-bacterium trapping, which enable parallel measurements to achieve higher throughput, and (2) a chaotic micromixer, which enables efficie ... | 2014 | 25205636 |
| structural biochemistry of a vibrio cholerae dinucleotide cyclase reveals cyclase activity regulation by folates. | cyclic dinucleotides are a newly expanded class of second messengers that contribute to the regulation of multiple different pathways in bacterial, eukaryotic, and archaeal cells. the recently identified vibrio cholerae dinucleotide cyclase (dncv, the gene product of vc0179) can generate three different cyclic dinucleotides and preferentially synthesize a hybrid cyclic-gmp-amp. here, we report the crystal structural and functional studies of dncv. we unexpectedly observed a 5-methyltetrahydrofol ... | 2014 | 25201413 |
| purification, crystallization and preliminary x-ray crystallographic analysis of tssl from vibrio cholerae. | the type vi secretion system (t6ss) is a macromolecular complex that is conserved in gram-negative bacteria. the t6ss secretes effector proteins into recipient cells in a contact-dependent manner in order to accomplish cooperative and competitive interactions with the cells. although the composition and mechanism of the t6ss have been intensively investigated across many gram-negative bacteria, to date structural information on t6ss components from the important pathogen vibrio cholerae has been ... | 2014 | 25195905 |
| quinazoline-sulfonamides with potent inhibitory activity against the α-carbonic anhydrase from vibrio cholerae. | thirteen novel sulfonamide derivatives incorporating the quinazoline scaffold were synthesized by simple, eco-friendly procedures. these compounds were tested for their ability to inhibit the α-carbonic anhydrases (ca, ec 4.2.1.1) from vibrio cholerae (vchca) as well as the human α-ca isoforms, hca i and hca ii. nine compounds were highly effective, nanomolar inhibitors of the pathogenic enzyme vchca. three of them were also highly effective sub-nanomolar inhibitors of the cytosolic isoform ii. ... | 2014 | 25194929 |
| detection of enteric viral and bacterial pathogens associated with paediatric diarrhoea in goroka, papua new guinea. | the aim of this study was to investigate the viral and bacterial causes of acute watery diarrhoea in hospitalized children in papua new guinea. | 2014 | 25193391 |
| isolation and characterization of vibrio cholerae isolates from seafood in hat yai city, songkhla, thailand. | seafood has been identified as an important source of vibrio cholerae in thailand, especially in the southern coastal region. in this study, we isolated and characterized v. cholerae from seafood obtained from several markets in hat yai city, southern thailand. a total of 100 v. cholerae isolates were obtained from 55 of 125 seafood samples. the dominant serotype was non-o1/non-o139. polymerase chain reaction (pcr) analysis was used to detect the presence of pathogenesis-related genes. the stn/s ... | 2014 | 25188839 |
| inhibition of camp-activated intestinal chloride secretion by diclofenac: cellular mechanism and potential application in cholera. | cyclic amp-activated intestinal cl- secretion plays an important role in pathogenesis of cholera. this study aimed to investigate the effect of diclofenac on camp-activated cl- secretion, its underlying mechanisms, and possible application in the treatment of cholera. diclofenac inhibited camp-activated cl- secretion in human intestinal epithelial (t84) cells with ic50 of ∼ 20 µm. the effect required no cytochrome p450 enzyme-mediated metabolic activation. interestingly, exposures of t84 cell mo ... | 2014 | 25188334 |
| outer membrane vesicles mediate transport of biologically active vibrio cholerae cytolysin (vcc) from v. cholerae strains. | outer membrane vesicles (omvs) released from gram-negative bacteria can serve as vehicles for the translocation of virulence factors. vibrio cholerae produce omvs but their putative role in translocation of effectors involved in pathogenesis has not been well elucidated. the v. cholerae cytolysin (vcc), is a pore-forming toxin that lyses target eukaryotic cells by forming transmembrane oligomeric β-barrel channels. it is considered a potent toxin that contributes to v. cholerae pathogenesis. the ... | 2014 | 25187967 |
| killing the killers. | the bacteria that infect humans and cause cholera are themselves infected by viruses, which have the potential to influence the course of a cholera infection. | 2014 | 25182849 |
| feasibility of the hydrogen sulfide test for the assessment of drinking water quality in post-earthquake haiti. | in 2010, a magnitude 7.0 earthquake struck haiti, severely damaging the drinking and wastewater infrastructure and leaving millions homeless. compounding this problem, the introduction of vibrio cholerae resulted in a massive cholera outbreak that infected over 700,000 people and threatened the safety of haiti's drinking water. to mitigate this public health crisis, non-government organizations installed thousands of wells to provide communities with safe drinking water. however, despite increas ... | 2014 | 25182685 |
| cell separation in vibrio cholerae is mediated by a single amidase whose action is modulated by two nonredundant activators. | synthesis and hydrolysis of septal peptidoglycan (pg) are critical processes at the conclusion of cell division that enable separation of daughter cells. cleavage of septal pg is mediated by pg amidases, hydrolytic enzymes that release peptide side chains from the glycan strand. most gammaproteobacteria, including escherichia coli, encode several functionally redundant periplasmic amidases. however, members of the vibrio genus, including the enteric pathogen vibrio cholerae, encode only a single ... | 2014 | 25182499 |
| bicarbonate increases binding affinity of vibrio cholerae toxt to virulence gene promoters. | the major vibrio cholerae virulence gene transcription activator, toxt, is responsible for the production of the diarrhea-inducing cholera toxin (ct) and the major colonization factor, toxin coregulated pilus (tcp). in addition to the two primary virulence factors mentioned, toxt is responsible for the activation of accessory virulence genes, such as alda, taga, acfa, acfd, tcpi, and tarab. toxt activity is negatively modulated by bile and unsaturated fatty acids found in the upper small intesti ... | 2014 | 25182489 |
| killed oral cholera vaccines: history, development and implementation challenges. | cholera is still a major global health problem, affecting mainly people living in unsanitary conditions and who are at risk for outbreaks of cholera. during the past decade, outbreaks are increasingly reported from more countries. from the early killed oral cholera vaccine, rapid improvements in vaccine development occurred as a result of a better understanding of the epidemiology of the disease, pathogenesis of cholera infection and immunity. the newer-generation oral killed cholera vaccines ha ... | 2014 | 25177492 |
| computer based screening for novel inhibitors against vibrio cholerae using nci diversity set-ii: an alternative approach by targeting transcriptional activator toxt. | cholera is a severe diarrheal disease caused by vibrio cholerae and remains as a major health risk in developing countries. the emergence and spread of multi-drug resistant v. cholerae strains during the past two decades is now a major problem in the treatment of cholera and have created the urgent need for the development of novel therapeutic agents. targeting transcriptional factor is now a novel approach to tackle the development of multi-drug resistant strain. in the recent year virtual high ... | 2014 | 25172449 |
| changing characteristics of rotavirus diarrhea in children younger than five years in urban bangladesh. | childhood rotavirus diarrhea is still one of the major public health challenges. the present study aimed to determine changing characteristics of rotavirus diarrhea in under-5 children at two periods of time. | 2014 | 25171098 |
| water bags as a potential vehicle for transmitting disease in a west african capital, bissau. | street vendors of chilled packaged water have an increasing role in meeting the drinking water demand of people on the move in developing nations. hygienic conditions can be questionable, and water quality screening scarce or non-existent. | 2015 | 25164169 |
| evolutionary consequences of intra-patient phage predation on microbial populations. | the impact of phage predation on bacterial pathogens in the context of human disease is not currently appreciated. here, we show that predatory interactions of a phage with an important environmentally transmitted pathogen, vibrio cholerae, can modulate the evolutionary trajectory of this pathogen during the natural course of infection within individual patients. we analyzed geographically and temporally disparate cholera patient stool samples from haiti and bangladesh and found that phage preda ... | 2014 | 25161196 |
| initiator protein dimerization plays a key role in replication control of vibrio cholerae chromosome 2. | rctb, the initiator of replication of vibrio cholerae chromosome 2 (chr2), binds to the origin of replication to specific 12-mer sites both as a monomer and a dimer. binding to 12-mers is essential for initiation. the monomers also bind to a second kind of site, 39-mers, which inhibits initiation. mutations in rctb that reduce dimer binding increase monomer binding to 12-mers but decrease monomer binding to 39-mers. the mechanism of this paradoxical binding behavior has been unclear. using delet ... | 2014 | 25159619 |
| genetic elements associated with antimicrobial resistance among intestinal bacteria. | integrons are the major reasons of multidrug resistance (mdr) among enteropathogenic bacteria. occurrence of horizontal gene transfer between integron-carrying microorganisms and other enteric bacteria may increase the rate of emergence of integron-associated antibiotic resistance. | 2014 | 25147720 |
| isolation of vibrio cholera el tor inaba from lemna minor and eichhornia crassipens roots in veracruz, mexico. | during epidemic periods, the strain vibrio cholera el tor has been isolated from the aquatic macrophyte roots of eichhornia crassipens and lemna minor, suggesting that aquatic plants could be environmental reservoirs through either a non-specific association or a commensalism relationship. therefore, it is important to understand v. cholera reservoirs in order to establish prevention strategies against this pathogen. | 2014 | 25147681 |
| effect of water storage in silver container on the viability of enteric bacterial pathogens. | silver is one of the heavy metals traditionally played major role in the human life. it is used in the form of ornaments or as containers to store or drink water and other consumable liquids. the study was designed to observe the effect of water storage in silver containers on enteric pathogens. three sets of sterile silver, stainless steel and glass metal screw capped containers were filled with non-chlorinated sterilized well water. one each of the three sets was inoculated with enteric pathog ... | 2012 | 25145073 |
| fecal contamination of drinking water supplies in and around chandigarh and correlation with acute gastroenteritis. | acute gastroenteritis due to vibrio cholerae and enterotoxigenic e. coli is a common problem faced in the hot and humid summer months in north india. the study was undertaken to evaluate drinking water supplies for fecal coliforms, v. cholerae and enterotoxigenic e. coli in urban, semiurban and rural areas in and around chandigarh and correlate with occurrence of acute gastroenteritis occurring from the same region. drinking water sample were collected from various sources from april to october ... | 2012 | 25145069 |
| circulating mucosal associated invariant t cells are activated in vibrio cholerae o1 infection and associated with lipopolysaccharide antibody responses. | mucosal associated invariant t (mait) cells are innate-like t cells found in abundance in the intestinal mucosa, and are thought to play a role in bridging the innate-adaptive interface. | 2014 | 25144724 |
| dna transport across the outer and inner membranes of naturally transformable vibrio cholerae is spatially but not temporally coupled. | the physiological state of natural competence for transformation allows certain bacteria to take up free dna from the environment and to recombine such newly acquired dna into their chromosomes. however, even though conserved components that are required to undergo natural transformation have been identified in several naturally competent bacteria, our knowledge of the underlying mechanisms of the dna uptake process remains very limited. to better understand these mechanisms, we investigated the ... | 2014 | 25139903 |
| acquisition and evolution of sxt-r391 integrative conjugative elements in the seventh-pandemic vibrio cholerae lineage. | sxt-r391 integrative conjugative elements (ices) are self-transmissible mobile genetic elements able to confer multidrug resistance and other adaptive features to bacterial hosts, including vibrio cholerae, the causative agent of cholera. ices are arranged in a mosaic genetic structure composed of a conserved backbone interspersed with variable dna clusters located in conserved hot spots. in this study, we investigated ice acquisition and subsequent microevolution in pandemic v. cholerae. ninety ... | 2014 | 25139901 |
| structure-guided reprogramming of human cgas dinucleotide linkage specificity. | cyclic dinucleotides (cdns) play central roles in bacterial pathogenesis and innate immunity. the mammalian enzyme cgas synthesizes a unique cyclic dinucleotide (cgamp) containing a 2'-5' phosphodiester linkage essential for optimal immune stimulation, but the molecular basis for linkage specificity is unknown. here, we show that the vibrio cholerae pathogenicity factor dncv is a prokaryotic cgas-like enzyme whose activity provides a mechanistic rationale for the unique ability of cgas to produc ... | 2014 | 25131990 |
| alkaloids: an overview of their antibacterial, antibiotic-enhancing and antivirulence activities. | with reports of pandrug-resistant bacteria causing untreatable infections, the need for new antibacterial therapies is more pressing than ever. alkaloids are a large and structurally diverse group of compounds that have served as scaffolds for important antibacterial drugs such as metronidazole and the quinolones. in this review, we highlight other alkaloids with development potential. natural, semisynthetic and synthetic alkaloids of all classes are considered, looking first at those with direc ... | 2014 | 25130096 |
| pathogenic vibrios in environmental, seafood and clinical sources in germany. | bacteria of the family vibrionaceae naturally occur in marine and estuarine environments. only few species of vibrionaceae are associated with human cases of gastroenteritis, ear and wound infections, caused by ingestion of seafood or contact with vibrio containing water. increasing consumption of seafood (fish, fishery products and shellfish) poses a possible source of vibrio infections in germany. additionally, there is a growing concern that abundances of pathogenic vibrios may increase in ge ... | 2014 | 25129553 |
| occurrence of the three major vibrio species pathogenic for human in seafood products consumed in france using real-time pcr. | vibrio spp. have emerged as a serious threat to human health worldwide. vibrio parahaemolyticus, vibrio cholerae and vibrio vulnificus are of particular concern as they have been linked to gastrointestinal infections and septicemia associated with the consumption of raw or undercooked seafood. we developed hydrolysis probe-based real-time pcr systems with an internal amplification control for the detection of these species. we applied these systems to a total of 167 fresh or frozen crustacean, f ... | 2014 | 25128747 |
| two cases of bacteriemia caused by nontoxigenic, non-o1, non-o139 vibrio cholerae isolates in ho chi minh city, vietnam. | the toxigenic bacterium vibrio cholerae belonging to the o1 and o139 serogroups is commonly associated with epidemic diarrhea in tropical settings; other diseases caused by this environmental pathogen are seldom identified. here we report two unassociated cases of nonfatal, nontoxigenic v. cholerae non-o1, non-o139 bacteremia in patients with comorbidities in ho chi minh city, vietnam, that occurred within a 4-week period. | 2014 | 25122858 |
| bacterial shedding in household contacts of cholera patients in dhaka, bangladesh. | multiple vibrio cholerae infections within the same household are common. household contacts of patients with cholera were observed with daily clinical assessments and collection of rectal swab cultures for nine days after presentation of the index case. during the follow-up period, 71 (24%) of 294 household contacts developed a positive v. cholerae rectal swab, signifying bacterial shedding. the average length of bacterial shedding was 2.0 days (95% confidence interval 1.7-2.4). however, 16 (5% ... | 2014 | 25114012 |
| piezoresistive microcantilever-based dna sensor for sensitive detection of pathogenic vibrio cholerae o1 in food sample. | pathogenic vibrio cholerae produces a cholera toxin which is the cause of a severe diarrheal disease called "cholera". available detection methods, including standard bacteriological test and immuno-based detection, are specific to the suspected pathogenic v. cholerae o1 and o139, but they are not specific to the cholera toxin producible strain. this work combined the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) of cholera toxin gene, ctxa gene, and microcantilever-based dna sensor to improve the sensitivity ... | 2015 | 25113053 |
| a rapid quantitative activity assay shows that the vibrio cholerae colonization factor gbpa is an active lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase. | the discovery of the copper-dependent lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (lpmos) has revealed new territory for chemical and biochemical analysis. these unique mononuclear copper enzymes are abundant, suggesting functional diversity beyond their established roles in the depolymerization of biomass polysaccharides. at the same time basic biochemical methods for characterizing lpmos, such as activity assays are not well developed. here we describe a method for quantification of c1-oxidized chitoo ... | 2014 | 25109775 |
| modeling of scale-dependent bacterial growth by chemical kinetics approach. | we applied the so-called chemical kinetics approach to complex bacterial growth patterns that were dependent on the liquid-surface-area-to-volume ratio (sa/v) of the bacterial cultures. the kinetic modeling was based on current experimental knowledge in terms of autocatalytic bacterial growth, its inhibition by the metabolite co2, and the relief of inhibition through the physical escape of the inhibitor. the model quantitatively reproduces kinetic data of sa/v-dependent bacterial growth and can ... | 2014 | 25105169 |
| comparative genomics of 274 vibrio cholerae genomes reveals mobile functions structuring three niche dimensions. | vibrio cholerae is a globally dispersed pathogen that has evolved with humans for centuries, but also includes non-pathogenic environmental strains. here, we identify the genomic variability underlying this remarkable persistence across the three major niche dimensions space, time, and habitat. | 2014 | 25096633 |
| dna-rescuable allosteric inhibition of aptamer ii ligand affinity by aptamer i element in the shortened vibrio cholerae glycine riboswitch. | glycine riboswitches contain two aptamers and turn on the expression of downstream genes in bacteria. although full-length glycine riboswitches were shown to exhibit no glycine-binding cooperativity, the truncated glycine riboswitches were confirmed to bind two glycine molecules cooperatively. thorough understanding of the ligand-binding cooperativity may shed light on the molecular basis of the cooperativity and help design novel intricate biosensing genetic circuits for application in syntheti ... | 2014 | 25092436 |
| caenorhabditis elegans recognizes a bacterial quorum-sensing signal molecule through the awcon neuron. | in a process known as quorum sensing, bacteria use chemicals called autoinducers for cell-cell communication. population-wide detection of autoinducers enables bacteria to orchestrate collective behaviors. in the animal kingdom detection of chemicals is vital for success in locating food, finding hosts, and avoiding predators. this behavior, termed chemotaxis, is especially well studied in the nematode caenorhabditis elegans. here we demonstrate that the vibrio cholerae autoinducer (s)-3-hydroxy ... | 2014 | 25092291 |
| crystallization and preliminary x-ray analysis of a ribokinase from vibrio cholerae o395. | ribokinase (rk) is one of the principal enzymes in carbohydrate metabolism, catalyzing the reaction of d-ribose and adenosine triphosphate to produce ribose-5-phosphate and adenosine diphosphate (adp). to provide further insight into the catalytic mechanism, the rbsk gene from vibrio cholerae o395 encoding ribokinase was cloned and the protein was overexpressed in escherichia coli bl21 (de3) and purified using ni(2+)-nta affinity chromatography. crystals of v. cholerae rk (vc-rk) and of its comp ... | 2014 | 25084391 |