Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| fluoroquinolone resistance mechanisms and population structure of enterobacter cloacae non-susceptible to ertapenem in north-eastern france. | fluoroquinolone (fq) agents are a potential resort to treat infection due to enterobacteriaceae producing extended spectrum β-lactamase and susceptible to fq. in a context of increase of non-susceptibility to carbapenems among enterobacteriaceae, we characterized fq resistance mechanisms in 75 enterobacter cloacae isolates non-susceptible to ertapenem in north-eastern france in 2012 and describe the population structure by pulsed field gel electrophoresis (pfge) and multi-locus sequence typing ( ... | 2015 | 26557115 |
| virulence potential of activatable shiga toxin 2d-producing escherichia coli isolates from fresh produce. | shiga toxin (stx)-producing escherichia coli (stec) strains are food- and waterborne pathogens that are often transmitted via beef products or fresh produce. stec strains cause both sporadic infections and outbreaks, which may result in hemorrhagic colitis and hemolytic uremic syndrome. stec strains may elaborate stx1, stx2, and/or subtypes of those toxins. epidemiological evidence indicates that stec that produce subtypes stx2a, stx2c, and/or stx2d are more often associated with serious illness ... | 2015 | 26555533 |
| population pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of extended-infusion piperacillin and tazobactam in critically ill children. | the study objective was to evaluate the population pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of extended-infusion piperacillin-tazobactam in children hospitalized in an intensive care unit. seventy-two serum samples were collected at steady state from 12 patients who received piperacillin-tazobactam at 100/12.5 mg/kg of body weight every 8 h infused over 4 h. population pharmacokinetic analyses were performed using nonmem, and monte carlo simulations were performed to estimate the piperacillin pharm ... | 2015 | 26552978 |
| population pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of extended-infusion piperacillin and tazobactam in critically ill children. | the study objective was to evaluate the population pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of extended-infusion piperacillin-tazobactam in children hospitalized in an intensive care unit. seventy-two serum samples were collected at steady state from 12 patients who received piperacillin-tazobactam at 100/12.5 mg/kg of body weight every 8 h infused over 4 h. population pharmacokinetic analyses were performed using nonmem, and monte carlo simulations were performed to estimate the piperacillin pharm ... | 2015 | 26552978 |
| the functionality of the gastrointestinal microbiome in non-human animals. | due to the significance of the microbiome on human health, much of the current data available regarding microbiome functionality is centered on human medicine. for agriculturally important taxa, the functionality of gastrointestinal bacteria has been studied with the primary goals of improving animal health and production performance. with respect to cattle, the digestive functions of bacteria in cattle are unarguably critical to digestion and positively impact production performance. conversely ... | 2015 | 26552373 |
| use of ward closure to control outbreaks among hospitalized patients in acute care settings: a systematic review. | though often used to control outbreaks, the efficacy of ward closure is unclear. this systematic review sought to identify studies defining and describing ward closure in outbreak control and to determine impact of ward closure as an intervention on outbreak containment. | 2015 | 26546048 |
| development of a rapid and simplified protocol for direct bacterial identification from positive blood cultures by using matrix assisted laser desorption ionization time-of- flight mass spectrometry. | bloodstream infections represent serious conditions carrying a high mortality and morbidity rate. rapid identification of microorganisms and prompt institution of adequate antimicrobial therapy is of utmost importance for a successful outcome. aiming at the development of a rapid, simplified and efficient protocol, we developed and compared two in-house preparatory methods for the direct identification of bacteria from positive blood culture flasks (bd bactec fx system) by using matrix-assisted ... | 2015 | 26546000 |
| antibacterial activities of fagara macrophylla, canarium schweinfurthii, myrianthus arboreus, dischistocalyx grandifolius and tragia benthamii against multi-drug resistant gram-negative bacteria. | bacterial infections caused by multidrug resistant phenotypes constitute a worldwide health concern. the present study was designed to evaluate the in vitro antibacterial activities of the methanol extracts of five medicinal plants: fagara macrophylla, canarium schweinfurthii, myrianthus arboreus, dischistocalyx grandifolius and tragia benthamii against a panel of 28 multidrug resistant gram-negative bacterial strains. the liquid broth microdilution was used to determine the minimal inhibitory c ... | 2015 | 26543702 |
| management of meningitis caused by multi drug-resistant acinetobacter baumannii: clinical, microbiological and pharmacokinetic results in a patient treated with colistin methanesulfonate. | this paper reports on a 71- year-old caucasian male who underwent neurosurgery for an oligodendroglioma, followed by a cranial-sinus fistula and cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea. the clinical course was complicated due to an extensively drug-resistant acinetobacter baumannii meningitis. the patient was treated with colistin methanesulfonate, intrathecal for 24 days and intravenous for 46 days. in addition, the patient received meropenem and teicoplanin to treat a urinary tract infection and a bact ... | 2015 | 26543524 |
| spectrum adequacy of antibiotic regimens for secondary peritonitis: a retrospective analysis in intermediate and intensive care unit patients. | secondary peritonitis requires surgical source control and adequate antimicrobial treatment. antimicrobial regimens are usually selected according to local susceptibility data of individual pathogens against single agents, but this neglects both the polymicrobial nature of the infection and the use of combination therapy. we analysed the probability of common regimens to cover all relevant pathogens isolated in one patient ("spectrum adequacy rate", sar) in a real-life data set. | 2015 | 26541549 |
| potential of phage cocktails in the inactivation of enterobacter cloacae--an in vitro study in a buffer solution and in urine samples. | the objective of this study was to compare the dynamics of three previously isolated phages for enterobacter cloacae in order to evaluate their ability to treat urinary tract infections (uti). the phages genomes, survival, host range, were characterized, and the host-phage dynamics was determined in culture medium and urine samples. the presence of prophages in bacteria, host recovery and development of resistance to phage after treatment was also evaluated. the growth of the e. cloacae was inhi ... | 2016 | 26541317 |
| mother's milk as a source of enterobacter cloacae sepsis in a preterm infant. | 2015 | 26540337 | |
| evaluation of antimicrobial therapy of blood culture positive healthcare-associated infections in children. | knowledge of the quality of antimicrobial therapy (amt) used for invasive healthcare-associated infections (hais) in paediatrics is scarce. influence of the final information about the isolated pathogen on the subsequent targeted amt was investigated in our study. | 2015 | 26539831 |
| evaluation of a genus- and group-specific rapid pcr assay panel on synovial fluid for diagnosis of prosthetic knee infection. | we evaluated a genus- and group-specific pcr assay panel using 284 prosthetic knee synovial fluid samples collected from patients presenting to our institution with implant failure. using the musculoskeletal infection society diagnostic criteria, 88 and 196 samples were classified as showing prosthetic joint infection (pji) and aseptic failure (af), respectively. sensitivities of the synovial fluid pcr panel and culture were 55.6% and 76.1% (p ≤ 0.001), respectively, and specificities were 91.8% ... | 2015 | 26537446 |
| evaluation of a genus- and group-specific rapid pcr assay panel on synovial fluid for diagnosis of prosthetic knee infection. | we evaluated a genus- and group-specific pcr assay panel using 284 prosthetic knee synovial fluid samples collected from patients presenting to our institution with implant failure. using the musculoskeletal infection society diagnostic criteria, 88 and 196 samples were classified as showing prosthetic joint infection (pji) and aseptic failure (af), respectively. sensitivities of the synovial fluid pcr panel and culture were 55.6% and 76.1% (p ≤ 0.001), respectively, and specificities were 91.8% ... | 2015 | 26537446 |
| inner workings: taking evolution to the clinic. | 2015 | 26534990 | |
| multicenter evaluation of the bruker maldi biotyper ca system for the identification of clinical aerobic gram-negative bacterial isolates. | the prompt and accurate identification of bacterial pathogens is fundamental to patient health and outcome. recent advances in matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tof ms) have revolutionized bacterial identification in the clinical laboratory, but uniform incorporation of this technology in the u.s. market has been delayed by a lack of fda-cleared systems. in this study, we conducted a multicenter evaluation of the maldi biotyper ca (mbt-ca) system ... | 2015 | 26529504 |
| trends in extended spectrum beta-lactamase (esbl) producing enterobacteriaceae and esbl genes in a dutch teaching hospital, measured in 5 yearly point prevalence surveys (2010-2014). | this paper describes the trends in prevalence of esbl producing enterobacteriaceae (esbl-e) and esbl genes, measured in five consecutive yearly point prevalence surveys (pps). all patients present in the hospital and in a day-care clinic (including patients on dialysis) on the day of the survey, were screened for perianal esbl-e carriage. perianal swabs were taken and cultured using an enrichment broth and a selective agar plate. both phenotypic and genotypic methods were used to detect the prod ... | 2015 | 26528549 |
| low risk of bacteremia after endoscopic variceal therapy for esophageal varices: a systematic review and meta-analysis. | endoscopic variceal ligation (evl) and endoscopic variceal sclerotherapy (evs) are the main therapeutic procedures for the emergency treatment and secondary prophylaxis of esophageal varices in cirrhotics. post-endoscopic bacteremia has been reported after evs and evl, but data on the frequency of bacteremia are conflicting. this study aims to provide incidences of bacteremia after evs and evl in different settings through meta-analysis. | 2015 | 26528494 |
| characterization of genetic structures of the qepa3 gene in clinical isolates of enterobacteriaceae. | qepa is one of the genes that confer quinolone resistance in bacteria. the aim of this study was to analyze the genetic structures of plasmids that carry a qepa3, a recently discovered allele of qepa in enterobacteriaceae clinical isolates. 656 non-redundant enterobacteriaceae clinical isolates were screened for the qepa3 gene and five isolates were identified to carry the gene. plasmids were isolated from these isolates and were found to increase antibiotic resistance once the plasmids were tra ... | 2015 | 26528280 |
| the spread of bla oxa-48 and bla oxa-244 carbapenemase genes among klebsiella pneumoniae, proteus mirabilis and enterobacter spp. isolated in moscow, russia. | the spread of carbapenemase-producing enterobacteriaceae (cpe) is a great problem of healthcare worldwide. study of the spread for bla oxa-48-like genes coding epidemically significant carbapenemases among hospital pathogens is important for the regional and global epidemiology of antimicrobial resistance. | 2015 | 26526183 |
| role of non-active-site residue trp-93 in the function and stability of new delhi metallo-β-lactamase 1. | new delhi metallo-β-lactamase-1 (ndm-1) is expressed by various members of enterobacteriaceae as a defense mechanism to hydrolyze β-lactam antibiotics. despite various studies showing the significance of active-site residues in the catalytic mechanism, there is a paucity of reports addressing the role of non-active-site residues in the structure and function of ndm-1. in this study, we investigated the significance of non-active-site residue trp-93 in the structure and function of ndm-1. we clon ... | 2015 | 26525789 |
| role of non-active-site residue trp-93 in the function and stability of new delhi metallo-β-lactamase 1. | new delhi metallo-β-lactamase-1 (ndm-1) is expressed by various members of enterobacteriaceae as a defense mechanism to hydrolyze β-lactam antibiotics. despite various studies showing the significance of active-site residues in the catalytic mechanism, there is a paucity of reports addressing the role of non-active-site residues in the structure and function of ndm-1. in this study, we investigated the significance of non-active-site residue trp-93 in the structure and function of ndm-1. we clon ... | 2015 | 26525789 |
| analysis of the structure and function of fox-4 cephamycinase. | class c β-lactamases poorly hydrolyze cephamycins (e.g., cefoxitin, cefotetan, and moxalactam). in the past 2 decades, a new family of plasmid-based ampc β-lactamases conferring resistance to cefoxitin, the fox family, has grown to include nine unique members descended from the aeromonas caviae chromosomal ampc. to understand the basis for the unique cephamycinase activity in the fox family, we determined the first x-ray crystal structures of fox-4, apo enzyme and the acyl-enzyme with its namesa ... | 2016 | 26525784 |
| cellular defense and sensory cell survival require distinct functions of ebi in drosophila. | the innate immune response and stress-induced apoptosis are well-established signaling pathways related to cellular defense. nf-κb and ap-1 are redox-sensitive transcription factors that play important roles in those pathways. here we show that ebi, a drosophila homolog of the mammalian co-repressor molecule transducin β-like 1 (tbl1), variously regulates the expression of specific genes that are targets of redox-sensitive transcription factors. in response to different stimuli, ebi activated ge ... | 2015 | 26524764 |
| outbreak breakthrough: using whole-genome sequencing to control hospital infection. | 2015 | 26523889 | |
| synthesis and biological evaluation of curcuminoid derivatives. | many curcuminoid derivatives have been reported to have multiple biological activities. the aim of this study was to improve the biological activity of curcuminoids by synthesizing 16 new derivatives which combined cinnamic acids with curcuminoids, and we also analyzed the structure-activity relationship of the new compounds. almost all the new compounds showed encouraging activity, especially compound 7g. it had much better antioxidant activity than curcuminoids and vitamin c (vc), and also had ... | 2015 | 26521852 |
| streptococcus pneumoniae and haemophilus influenzae in paediatric meningitis patients at goroka general hospital, papua new guinea: serotype distribution and antimicrobial susceptibility in the pre-vaccine era. | bacterial meningitis remains an important infection globally, with the greatest burden in children in low-income settings, including papua new guinea (png). we present serotype, antimicrobial susceptibility and outcome data from paediatric meningitis patients prior to introduction of haemophilus influenzae type b (hib) and pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (pcvs) in png, providing a baseline for evaluation of immunisation programs. | 2015 | 26521138 |
| a single-day point-prevalence study of faecal carriers in long-term care hospitals in madrid (spain) depicts a complex clonal and polyclonal dissemination of carbapenemase-producing enterobacteriaceae. | the objective of this study was to describe the prevalence and microbiological characteristics of carbapenemase-producing enterobacteriaceae (cpe) colonizing patients in long-term care hospitals (ltchs) in madrid, spain. | 2016 | 26518051 |
| human norovirus culture in b cells. | human noroviruses (hunovs) are a leading cause of foodborne disease and severe childhood diarrhea, and they cause a majority of the gastroenteritis outbreaks worldwide. however, the development of effective and long-lasting hunov vaccines and therapeutics has been greatly hindered by their uncultivability. we recently demonstrated that a hunov replicates in human b cells, and that commensal bacteria serve as a cofactor for this infection. in this protocol, we provide detailed methods for culturi ... | 2015 | 26513671 |
| microbial contaminants of cord blood units identified by 16s rrna sequencing and by api test system, and antibiotic sensitivity profiling. | over a period of ten months a total of 5618 cord blood units (cbu) were screened for microbial contamination under routine conditions. the antibiotic resistance profile for all isolates was also examined using atb strips. the detection rate for culture positive units was 7.5%, corresponding to 422 samples.16s rrna sequence analysis and identification with api test system were used to identify the culturable aerobic, microaerophilic and anaerobic bacteria from cbus. from these samples we recovere ... | 2015 | 26512991 |
| a structure-based classification of class a β-lactamases, a broadly diverse family of enzymes. | for medical biologists, sequencing has become a commonplace technique to support diagnosis. rapid changes in this field have led to the generation of large amounts of data, which are not always correctly listed in databases. this is particularly true for data concerning class a β-lactamases, a group of key antibiotic resistance enzymes produced by bacteria. many genomes have been reported to contain putative β-lactamase genes, which can be compared with representative types. we analyzed several ... | 2016 | 26511485 |
| a structure-based classification of class a β-lactamases, a broadly diverse family of enzymes. | for medical biologists, sequencing has become a commonplace technique to support diagnosis. rapid changes in this field have led to the generation of large amounts of data, which are not always correctly listed in databases. this is particularly true for data concerning class a β-lactamases, a group of key antibiotic resistance enzymes produced by bacteria. many genomes have been reported to contain putative β-lactamase genes, which can be compared with representative types. we analyzed several ... | 2016 | 26511485 |
| intestinal carriage of carbapenemase-producing organisms: current status of surveillance methods. | carbapenemases have become a significant mechanism for broad-spectrum β-lactam resistance in enterobacteriaceae and other gram-negative bacteria such as pseudomonas and acinetobacter spp. intestinal carriage of carbapenemase-producing organisms (cpos) is an important source of transmission. isolation of carriers is one strategy that can be used to limit the spread of these bacteria. in this review, we critically examine the clinical performance, advantages, and disadvantages of methods available ... | 2015 | 26511484 |
| intestinal carriage of carbapenemase-producing organisms: current status of surveillance methods. | carbapenemases have become a significant mechanism for broad-spectrum β-lactam resistance in enterobacteriaceae and other gram-negative bacteria such as pseudomonas and acinetobacter spp. intestinal carriage of carbapenemase-producing organisms (cpos) is an important source of transmission. isolation of carriers is one strategy that can be used to limit the spread of these bacteria. in this review, we critically examine the clinical performance, advantages, and disadvantages of methods available ... | 2015 | 26511484 |
| influx of multidrug-resistant organisms by country-to-country transfer of patients. | multidrug-resistant organisms (mdro) are a worldwide problem. international migration and travel facilitate the spread of mdro. therefore the goal of our study was to assess the risk of influx of mdro from patients transferred to one of central europe's largest hospitals from abroad. | 2015 | 26508038 |
| chitosan and its potential use as a scaffold for tissue engineering in regenerative medicine. | tissue engineering is an important therapeutic strategy to be used in regenerative medicine in the present and in the future. functional biomaterials research is focused on the development and improvement of scaffolding, which can be used to repair or regenerate an organ or tissue. scaffolds are one of the crucial factors for tissue engineering. scaffolds consisting of natural polymers have recently been developed more quickly and have gained more popularity. these include chitosan, a copolymer ... | 2015 | 26504833 |
| a two-year surveillance in five colombian tertiary care hospitals reveals high frequency of non-cg258 clones of carbapenem-resistant klebsiella pneumoniae with distinct clinical characteristics. | the global spread of carbapenem-resistant klebsiella pneumoniae (cr-kp) has been largely associated with sequence type 258 (st258) and its related variants (clonal group 258 [cg258]). here we describe the molecular epidemiology of cr-kp from five tertiary care hospitals in medellín, the second largest city in colombia. all cr-kp-infected patients admitted from june 2012 to june 2014 were included (n = 193). patients' clinical information was obtained from medical records. carbapenemase kpc, vim, ... | 2015 | 26503660 |
| a two-year surveillance in five colombian tertiary care hospitals reveals high frequency of non-cg258 clones of carbapenem-resistant klebsiella pneumoniae with distinct clinical characteristics. | the global spread of carbapenem-resistant klebsiella pneumoniae (cr-kp) has been largely associated with sequence type 258 (st258) and its related variants (clonal group 258 [cg258]). here we describe the molecular epidemiology of cr-kp from five tertiary care hospitals in medellín, the second largest city in colombia. all cr-kp-infected patients admitted from june 2012 to june 2014 were included (n = 193). patients' clinical information was obtained from medical records. carbapenemase kpc, vim, ... | 2015 | 26503660 |
| gram-stain-based antimicrobial selection reduces cost and overuse compared with japanese guidelines. | the gram stain has been used as an essential tool for antimicrobial stewardship in our hospital since the 1970s. the objective of this study was to clarify the difference in the targeted therapies selected based on the gram stain and simulated empirical therapies based on the antimicrobial guidelines used in japan. | 2015 | 26503359 |
| optimization and evaluation of flexicult® vet for detection, identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of bacterial uropathogens in small animal veterinary practice. | urinary tract infection (uti) is a common reason for antimicrobial prescription in dogs and cats. the objective of this study was to optimize and evaluate a culture-based point-of-care test for detection, identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of bacterial uro-pathogens in veterinary practice. | 2015 | 26503106 |
| growth kinetics of salmonella enterica in hajna tetrathionate broth, rappaport broth and modified semisolid rappaport agar. | to determine the appropriate method for isolating salmonella enterica, we compared the growth of s. enterica serovars using three selective enrichment media. s. enterica was more successfully isolated from artificially contaminated fecal samples after enrichment in hajna tetrathionate broth or modified semisolid rappaport agar than in rappaport broth. since most bacteria (other than motile s. enterica) do not migrate on modified semisolid rappaport agar, the growth characteristics of s. enterica ... | 2015 | 26498402 |
| growth kinetics of salmonella enterica in hajna tetrathionate broth, rappaport broth and modified semisolid rappaport agar. | to determine the appropriate method for isolating salmonella enterica, we compared the growth of s. enterica serovars using three selective enrichment media. s. enterica was more successfully isolated from artificially contaminated fecal samples after enrichment in hajna tetrathionate broth or modified semisolid rappaport agar than in rappaport broth. since most bacteria (other than motile s. enterica) do not migrate on modified semisolid rappaport agar, the growth characteristics of s. enterica ... | 2015 | 26498402 |
| particular distribution of enterobacter cloacae strains isolated from urinary tract infection within clonal complexes. | based on biochemical properties, enterobacter cloacae represents a large complex of at least 13 variant species, subspecies, and genotypes that progressively identified as the most species causing hospital-acquired infections. the aim of this study was to determine the relevance between phylogenetically related strains within the e. cloacae complex and the frequency of urinary tract infection caused by them. | 2016 | 26498349 |
| a novel bacteriophage targeting cronobacter sakazakii is a potential biocontrol agent in foods. | cronobacter sakazakii is an important pathogen that causes high mortality in infants. due to its occasional antibiotic resistance, a bacteriophage approach might be an alternative effective method for the control of this pathogen. to develop a novel biocontrol agent using bacteriophages, the c. sakazakii-infecting phage cr5 was newly isolated and characterized. interestingly, this phage exhibited efficient and relatively durable host lysis activity. in addition, a specific gene knockout study an ... | 2015 | 26497465 |
| a novel bacteriophage targeting cronobacter sakazakii is a potential biocontrol agent in foods. | cronobacter sakazakii is an important pathogen that causes high mortality in infants. due to its occasional antibiotic resistance, a bacteriophage approach might be an alternative effective method for the control of this pathogen. to develop a novel biocontrol agent using bacteriophages, the c. sakazakii-infecting phage cr5 was newly isolated and characterized. interestingly, this phage exhibited efficient and relatively durable host lysis activity. in addition, a specific gene knockout study an ... | 2015 | 26497465 |
| clinical characteristics and treatment of extremity chronic osteomyelitis in southern china: a retrospective analysis of 394 consecutive patients. | although extremity chronic osteomyelitis is common in china, updated data were still limited regarding its characterizations. the present study aimed to review clinical features of extremity chronic osteomyelitis in southern china.a retrospective analysis was conducted in the patients who had sought medical attention from january 2010 to april 2015 for extremity chronic osteomyelitis in nanfang hospital in southern china. clinical data were collected and analyzed.a total of 394 patients (307 mal ... | 2015 | 26496345 |
| evaluation of an inexpensive growth medium for direct detection of escherichia coli in temperate and sub-tropical waters. | the cost and complexity of traditional methods for the detection of faecal indicator bacteria, including e. coli, hinder widespread monitoring of drinking water quality, especially in low-income countries and outside controlled laboratory settings. in these settings the problem is exacerbated by the lack of inexpensive media for the detection of e. coli in drinking water. we developed a new low-cost growth medium, aquatest (at), and validated its use for the direct detection of e. coli in temper ... | 2015 | 26495983 |
| structural characterization and antimicrobial activity of a biosurfactant obtained from bacillus pumilus dsvp18 grown on potato peels. | biosurfactants constitute a structurally diverse group of surface-active compounds derived from microorganisms. they are widely used industrially in various industrial applications such as pharmaceutical and environmental sectors. major limiting factor in biosurfactant production is their production cost. | 2015 | 26495106 |
| [etiologic diagnosis in meningitis and encephalitis molecular biology techniques]. | the aetiological study of infections of the central nervous system has traditionally been performed using bacterial cultures and, more recently, using polymerase chain reaction (pcr) for herpes simplex virus (hsv). bacterial cultures may not have good performance, especially in the context of patients who have received antibiotics prior to sampling, and a request for hsv only by pcr reduces the information to only one aetiological agent. the aim of this study is to determine the infectious cause ... | 2017 | 26493774 |
| pneumonia caused by klebsiella spp. in 46 horses. | klebsiella spp. are implicated as a common cause of bacterial pneumonia in horses, but few reports describe clinical presentation and disease progression. | 2015 | 26492860 |
| pneumonia caused by klebsiella spp. in 46 horses. | klebsiella spp. are implicated as a common cause of bacterial pneumonia in horses, but few reports describe clinical presentation and disease progression. | 2015 | 26492860 |
| assessment of the antimicrobial activity of algae extracts on bacteria responsible of external otitis. | external otitis is a diffuse inflammation around the external auditory canal and auricle, which is often occurred by microbial infection. this disease is generally treated using antibiotics, but the frequent occurrence of antibiotic resistance requires the development of new antibiotic agents. in this context, unexplored bioactive natural candidates could be a chance for the production of targeted drugs provided with antimicrobial activity. in this paper, microbial pathogens were isolated from p ... | 2015 | 26492256 |
| resistance integrons: class 1, 2 and 3 integrons. | as recently indiscriminate abuse of existing antibiotics in both clinical and veterinary treatment leads to proliferation of antibiotic resistance in microbes and poses a dilemma for the future treatment of such bacterial infection, antimicrobial resistance has been considered to be one of the currently leading concerns in global public health, and reported to widely spread and extended to a large variety of microorganisms. in china, as one of the currently worst areas for antibiotics abuse, the ... | 2015 | 26487554 |
| carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae in children, united states, 1999-2012. | the prevalence of carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae (cre) infections is increasing in the united states. however, few studies have addressed their epidemiology in children. to phenotypically identify cre isolates cultured from patients 1-17 years of age, we used antimicrobial susceptibilities of enterobacteriaceae reported to 300 laboratories participating in the surveillance network-usa database during january 1999-july 2012. of 316,253 isolates analyzed, 266 (0.08%) were identified as cr ... | 2015 | 26486124 |
| top guns: the "maverick" and "goose" of empiric therapy. | vancomycin and piperacillin-tazobactam are commonly used first guns in the empiric management of critically ill patients. current studies suggest an increased prevalence of acute kidney injury with concomitant use, however, these studies are few and limited by small sample size. the purpose of this study was to compare the prevalence of nephrotoxicity after treatment with vancomycin alone and concomitant vancomycin and piperacillin-tazobactam treatment at our institution. | 2016 | 26484854 |
| whole blood gene expression profiling of neonates with confirmed bacterial sepsis. | neonatal infection remains a primary cause of infant morbidity and mortality worldwide and yet our understanding of how human neonates respond to infection remains incomplete. changes in host gene expression in response to infection may occur in any part of the body, with the continuous interaction between blood and tissues allowing blood cells to act as biosensors for the changes. in this study we have used whole blood transcriptome profiling to systematically identify signatures and the pathwa ... | 2014 | 26484146 |
| whole blood gene expression profiling of neonates with confirmed bacterial sepsis. | neonatal infection remains a primary cause of infant morbidity and mortality worldwide and yet our understanding of how human neonates respond to infection remains incomplete. changes in host gene expression in response to infection may occur in any part of the body, with the continuous interaction between blood and tissues allowing blood cells to act as biosensors for the changes. in this study we have used whole blood transcriptome profiling to systematically identify signatures and the pathwa ... | 2014 | 26484146 |
| detection of carbapenemases in clinical enterobacteriaceae isolates using the vitek ast-n202 card. | the rapid and accurate detection of carbapenemase-producing enterobacteriaceae (cpe) in clinical microbiology laboratories is essential for the treatment and control of infections caused by these microorganisms. this study was performed to evaluate the ability of the vitek ast-n202 card to detect cpe isolates. | 2015 | 26483990 |
| functional characterization and stability improvement of a 'thermophilic-like' ene-reductase from rhodococcus opacus 1cp. | ene-reductases (ers) are widely applied for the asymmetric synthesis of relevant industrial chemicals. a novel er oyero2 was found within a set of 14 putative old yellow enzymes (oyes) obtained by genome mining of the actinobacterium rhodococcus opacus 1cp. multiple sequence alignment suggested that the enzyme belongs to the group of 'thermophilic-like' oyes. oyero2 was produced in escherichia coli and biochemically characterized. the enzyme is strongly nadph dependent and uses non-covalently bo ... | 2015 | 26483784 |
| structural insights into the mmachc-mmadhc protein complex involved in vitamin b12 trafficking. | conversion of vitamin b12 (cobalamin, cbl) into the cofactor forms methyl-cbl (mecbl) and adenosyl-cbl (adocbl) is required for the function of two crucial enzymes, mitochondrial methylmalonyl-coa mutase and cytosolic methionine synthase, respectively. the intracellular proteins mmachc and mmadhc play important roles in processing and targeting the cbl cofactor to its destination enzymes, and recent evidence suggests that they may interact while performing these essential trafficking functions. ... | 2015 | 26483544 |
| chemical conjugation of 2-hexadecynoic acid to c5-curcumin enhances its antibacterial activity against multi-drug resistant bacteria. | the first total synthesis of a c5-curcumin-2-hexadecynoic acid (c5-curc-2-hda, 6) conjugate was successfully performed. through a three-step synthetic route, conjugate 6 was obtained in 13% overall yield and tested for antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) strains. our results revealed that 6 was active against eight mrsa strains at mics that range between 31.3 and 62.5 μg/ml. it was found that the presence of 2-hexadecynoic acid (2-hda, 4) in conjugat ... | 2015 | 26483137 |
| antimicrobial susceptibilities of aerobic and facultative gram-negative bacilli from intra-abdominal infections in patients from seven regions in china in 2012 and 2013. | to evaluate the antimicrobial susceptibility of gram-negative bacilli that caused hospital-acquired and community-acquired intra-abdominal infections (iais) in china between 2012 and 2013, we determined the susceptibilities to 12 antimicrobials and the extended-spectrum β-lactamase (esbl) statuses of 3,540 iai isolates from seven geographic areas in china in a central laboratory using clsi broth microdilution and interpretive standards. most infections were caused by escherichia coli (46.3%) and ... | 2015 | 26482308 |
| antimicrobial susceptibilities of aerobic and facultative gram-negative bacilli from intra-abdominal infections in patients from seven regions in china in 2012 and 2013. | to evaluate the antimicrobial susceptibility of gram-negative bacilli that caused hospital-acquired and community-acquired intra-abdominal infections (iais) in china between 2012 and 2013, we determined the susceptibilities to 12 antimicrobials and the extended-spectrum β-lactamase (esbl) statuses of 3,540 iai isolates from seven geographic areas in china in a central laboratory using clsi broth microdilution and interpretive standards. most infections were caused by escherichia coli (46.3%) and ... | 2015 | 26482308 |
| molecular characterization of carbapenem-nonsusceptible enterobacterial isolates collected during a prospective interregional survey in france and susceptibility to the novel ceftazidime-avibactam and aztreonam-avibactam combinations. | an interregional surveillance program was conducted in the northwestern part of france to determine the prevalence of carbapenem-nonsusceptible enterobacteriaceae (cnse) isolates and their susceptibility to ceftazidime-avibactam and aztreonam-avibactam combinations. nonduplicate cnse clinical isolates were prospectively collected from six hospitals between june 2012 and november 2013. mics of ceftazidime and aztreonam, alone or combined with a fixed concentration of avibactam (4 μg/ml), and thos ... | 2015 | 26482307 |
| molecular characterization of carbapenem-nonsusceptible enterobacterial isolates collected during a prospective interregional survey in france and susceptibility to the novel ceftazidime-avibactam and aztreonam-avibactam combinations. | an interregional surveillance program was conducted in the northwestern part of france to determine the prevalence of carbapenem-nonsusceptible enterobacteriaceae (cnse) isolates and their susceptibility to ceftazidime-avibactam and aztreonam-avibactam combinations. nonduplicate cnse clinical isolates were prospectively collected from six hospitals between june 2012 and november 2013. mics of ceftazidime and aztreonam, alone or combined with a fixed concentration of avibactam (4 μg/ml), and thos ... | 2015 | 26482307 |
| genomic characteristics of ndm-producing enterobacteriaceae isolates in australia and their blandm genetic contexts. | blandm has been reported in different enterobacteriaceae species and on numerous plasmid replicon types (inc). plasmid replicon typing, in combination with genomic characteristics of the bacterial host (e.g., sequence typing), is used to infer the spread of antimicrobial resistance determinants between genetically unrelated bacterial hosts. the genetic context of blandm is heterogeneous. in this study, we genomically characterized 12 ndm-producing enterobacteriaceae isolated in australia between ... | 2015 | 26482302 |
| genomic characteristics of ndm-producing enterobacteriaceae isolates in australia and their blandm genetic contexts. | blandm has been reported in different enterobacteriaceae species and on numerous plasmid replicon types (inc). plasmid replicon typing, in combination with genomic characteristics of the bacterial host (e.g., sequence typing), is used to infer the spread of antimicrobial resistance determinants between genetically unrelated bacterial hosts. the genetic context of blandm is heterogeneous. in this study, we genomically characterized 12 ndm-producing enterobacteriaceae isolated in australia between ... | 2015 | 26482302 |
| evaluation of the broad-range pcr/esi-ms technology in blood specimens for the molecular diagnosis of bloodstream infections. | rapid identification of the etiological agent in bloodstream infections is of vital importance for the early administration of the most appropriate antibiotic therapy. molecular methods may offer an advantage to current culture-based microbiological diagnosis. the goal of this study was to evaluate the performance of iridica, a platform based on universal genetic amplification followed by mass spectrometry (pcr/esi-ms) for the molecular diagnosis of sepsis-related pathogens directly from the pat ... | 2015 | 26474394 |
| synthesis and evaluation of biological activity of antimicrobial--pro-proliferative peptide conjugates. | skin represents the largest organ of the human body and plays a crucial role in its protection from the negative impact of the outside environment, maintains its homeostasis, enables sensory interaction and thermoregulation. the traumatized skin tissue undergoes several phenotype switches due to progressive reoxygenation and release of cytokine and growth factors, that activate mechanisms of reparative processes. however, in case of wounds colonized with pathogenic microflora natural regenerativ ... | 2015 | 26473368 |
| extended-spectrum beta-lactamase bacteria from urine isolates in children. | multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria, including extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (esbl)-producing organisms, are a growing problem. the primary objective of this study was to describe the proportion of children with esbl-producing urinary isolates at a tertiary medical center as well as these organisms' susceptibility patterns. the secondary objective was to identify the risk factors for acquiring esbl urinary pathogens. | 2015 | 26472951 |
| high prevalence of salmonella and imp-4-producing enterobacteriaceae in the silver gull on five islands, australia. | the objective of this study was to investigate the silver gull as an indicator of environmental contamination by salmonellae and carbapenemase-producing enterobacteriaceae (cpe) in south-east australia. | 2015 | 26472769 |
| high prevalence of salmonella and imp-4-producing enterobacteriaceae in the silver gull on five islands, australia. | the objective of this study was to investigate the silver gull as an indicator of environmental contamination by salmonellae and carbapenemase-producing enterobacteriaceae (cpe) in south-east australia. | 2015 | 26472769 |
| study on bacterial strains causing blood and urinary tract infections in the neonatal intensive care unit and determination of their antibiotic resistance pattern. | infections are considered as one of the main factors of neonatal mortality, especially in developing countries. blood and urine infections are one of the most prevalent infectious factors among the infants. on the other hand, resistance against antimicrobial factors is one of the major problems in the world, and it is important to be informed about antibiotic resistance pattern of microorganisms for treatment of infections. | 2015 | 26468359 |
| sepsis in hemodialysis patients. | bacterial infections are very common in end stage renal disease (esrd) patients. the diagnosis of sepsis in such patients is often challenging and requires a high index of suspicion. the aim of this study is to report on a series of patient with esrd on hemodialysis (hd) diagnosed with sepsis. | 2015 | 26467100 |
| analysis of a pool of small plasmids from soil heterotrophic cultivable bacterial communities. | in this work the analysis of the plasmid presence on soil aerobic cultivable heterotrophic bacterial communities was carried out checking a panel of 1,200 isolates, in order to establish the frequency of plasmid presence as well as the degree of plasmid flow between strains affiliated to the same or different taxon. bacterial communities were isolated from two different sites of a 13-year experimental field with a clay-silt texture. plasmid molecules were detected at low frequency (27 isolates, ... | 2015 | 26464609 |
| clinical severity of pediatric respiratory illness with enterovirus d68 compared with rhinovirus or other enterovirus genotypes. | enterovirus d68 (ev-d68) resulted in a reported increase in the number of children needing hospital or critical care admission because of respiratory insufficiency during 2014. it remains unclear, however, whether ev-d68 infections were more severe than rhinovirus or non-ev-d68 enterovirus infections. | 2015 | 26464137 |
| antimicrobial, antioxidant and anti-tyrosinase properties of extracts of the mediterranean parasitic plant cytinus hypocistis. | cytinus is an endophytic parasitic plant occurring in south africa, madagascar, and in the mediterranean region. we have extracted the inflorescences (the only visible part of the plant, emerging from the host roots at the time of blossom) of cytinus hypocistis collected in sardinia, italy, and explored the antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-tyrosinase, and cytotoxic activities of the extracts. | 2015 | 26462912 |
| cooccurrence of multiple ampc β-lactamases in escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, and proteus mirabilis in tunisia. | over a period of 40 months, plasmid-mediated ampc β-lactamases were detected in tunis, tunisia, in 78 isolates (0.59%) of escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, and proteus mirabilis. in 67 isolates, only one ampc gene was detected, i.e., blacmy-2-type (n = 33), blaacc (n = 23), bladha (n = 6) or blaebc (n = 5). multiple ampc genes were detected in 11 isolates, with the following distribution: blamox-2, blafox-3, and blacmy-4/16 (n = 6), blafox-3 and blamox-2 (n = 3), and blacmy-4 and blamox-2 ... | 2015 | 26459902 |
| cooccurrence of multiple ampc β-lactamases in escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, and proteus mirabilis in tunisia. | over a period of 40 months, plasmid-mediated ampc β-lactamases were detected in tunis, tunisia, in 78 isolates (0.59%) of escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, and proteus mirabilis. in 67 isolates, only one ampc gene was detected, i.e., blacmy-2-type (n = 33), blaacc (n = 23), bladha (n = 6) or blaebc (n = 5). multiple ampc genes were detected in 11 isolates, with the following distribution: blamox-2, blafox-3, and blacmy-4/16 (n = 6), blafox-3 and blamox-2 (n = 3), and blacmy-4 and blamox-2 ... | 2015 | 26459902 |
| cytotoxic activity and antiproliferative effects of crude skin secretion from physalaemus nattereri (anura: leptodactylidae) on in vitro melanoma cells. | anuran secretions are rich sources of bioactive molecules, including antimicrobial and antitumoral compounds. the aims of this study were to investigate the therapeutic potential of physalaemus nattereri skin secretion against skin cancer cells, and to assess its cytotoxic action mechanisms on the murine melanoma cell line b16f10. our results demonstrated that the crude secretion reduced the viability of b16f10 cells, causing changes in cell morphology (e.g., round shape and structure shrinkage) ... | 2015 | 26457717 |
| clinical management of resistance evolution in a bacterial infection: a case study. | we report the case of a patient with a chronic bacterial infection that could not be cured. drug treatment became progressively less effective due to antibiotic resistance, and the patient died, in effect from overwhelming evolution. even though the evolution of drug resistance was recognized as a major threat, and the fundamentals of drug resistance evolution are well understood, it was impossible to make evidence-based decisions about the evolutionary risks associated with the various treatmen ... | 2015 | 26454762 |
| outbreak of new delhi metallo-β-lactamase-1-producing enterobacter cloacae in an acute care hospital general ward in singapore. | autochthonous infections with new delhi metallo-β-lactamase-1 (ndm-1)-producing enterobacteriaceae have been reported in singapore since 2011, but occurrences of nosocomial transmission have not. we report an outbreak of ndm-1-producing enterobacter cloacae among adults admitted to an acute hospital's general ward. | 2016 | 26454748 |
| comparison of commonly used antimicrobial susceptibility testing methods for evaluating susceptibilities of clinical isolates of enterobacteriaceae and nonfermentative gram-negative bacilli to cefoperazone-sulbactam. | the aim of this study was to investigate the cefoperazone-sulbactam (cfp-sul) susceptibilities of important gram-negative bacteria (gnb) by agar dilution (reference method), disk diffusion, and two automated methods. | 2015 | 26454423 |
| correction: new delhi metallo-β-lactamase 1(ndm-1), the dominant carbapenemase detected in carbapenem-resistant enterobacter cloacae from henan province, china. | 2015 | 26452278 | |
| crystal structure of dim-1, an acquired subclass b1 metallo-β-lactamase from pseudomonas stutzeri. | metallo-β-lactamases (mbls) hydrolyze almost all classes of β-lactam antibiotic, including carbapenems-currently first choice drugs for opportunistic infections by gram-negative bacterial pathogens. mbl inhibitor development is complicated by the diversity within this group of enzymes, and by the appearance of new enzymes that continue to be identified both as chromosomal genes and on mobile genetic elements. one such newly discovered mbl is dim-1, a mobile enzyme originally discovered in the op ... | 2015 | 26451836 |
| pathogens in copd exacerbations identified by comprehensive real-time pcr plus older methods. | respiratory infection is a major cause of exacerbation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd). infectious contributions to exacerbations remain incompletely described. we therefore analyzed respiratory tract samples by comprehensive real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr) in combination with conventional methods. we evaluated multiple risk factors for prolonged hospitalization to manage copd exacerbations, including infectious agents. over 19 months, we prospectively studied 46 patien ... | 2015 | 26451098 |
| intrastrand triplex dna repeats in bacteria: a source of genomic instability. | repetitive nucleic acid sequences are often prone to form secondary structures distinct from b-dna. prominent examples of such structures are dna triplexes. we observed that certain intrastrand triplex motifs are highly conserved and abundant in prokaryotic genomes. a systematic search of 5246 different prokaryotic plasmids and genomes for intrastrand triplex motifs was conducted and the results summarized in the itxf database available online at http://bioinformatics.uni-konstanz.de/utils/itxf/ ... | 2015 | 26450966 |
| diversification of β-augmentation interactions between cdi toxin/immunity proteins. | contact-dependent growth inhibition (cdi) is a widespread mechanism of inter-bacterial competition mediated by the cdib/cdia family of two-partner secretion proteins. cdia effectors carry diverse c-terminal toxin domains (cdia-ct), which are delivered into neighboring target cells to inhibit growth. cdi(+) bacteria also produce cdii immunity proteins that bind specifically to cognate cdia-ct toxins and protect the cell from auto-inhibition. here, we compare the structures of homologous cdia-ct/c ... | 2015 | 26449640 |
| urinary tract infections in women with stress urinary incontinence treated with transobturator suburethral tape and benefit gained from the sublingual polibacterial vaccine. | stress urinary incontinence (sui) and recurrent urinary tract infections (rutis) are highly prevalent diseases. our purpose was to investigate the relationship between rutis and surgical correction of sui with transobturator suburethral tape (tot) and to describe the benefit gained from a sublingual polibacterial preparation on rutis developed after tot. | 2015 | 26445597 |
| rapid identification of carbapenemase-producing enterobacteriaceae, pseudomonas aeruginosa and acinetobacter baumannii using a modified carba np test. | biochemical tests have been previously developed to identify carbapenemase-producing enterobacteriaceae, pseudomonas spp. (carba np test) and acinetobacter spp. (carbacineto np test). we evaluated a modified carba np test to detect carbapenemase production in enterobacteriaceae, pseudomonas and acinetobacter species using a single protocol with rapid results and found good reliability and speed. | 2015 | 26442150 |
| mining the phytomicrobiome to understand how bacterial coinoculations enhance plant growth. | in previous work, we showed that coinoculating rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae 128c53 and bacillus simplex 30n-5 onto pisum sativum l. roots resulted in better nodulation and increased plant growth. we now expand this research to include another alpha-rhizobial species as well as a beta-rhizobium, burkholderia tuberum stm678. we first determined whether the rhizobia were compatible with b. simplex 30n-5 by cross-streaking experiments, and then medicago truncatula and melilotus alba were coino ... | 2015 | 26442090 |
| biochemistry and genetics of acc deaminase: a weapon to "stress ethylene" produced in plants. | 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase (accd), a pyridoxal phosphate-dependent enzyme, is widespread in diverse bacterial and fungal species. owing to accd activity, certain plant associated bacteria help plant to grow under biotic and abiotic stresses by decreasing the level of "stress ethylene" which is inhibitory to plant growth. accd breaks down acc, an immediate precursor of ethylene, to ammonia and α-ketobutyrate, which can be further metabolized by bacteria for their growth. acc deam ... | 2015 | 26441873 |
| genetic determinants of heat resistance in escherichia coli. | escherichia coli aw1.7 is a heat resistant food isolate and the occurrence of pathogenic strains with comparable heat resistance may pose a risk to food safety. to identify the genetic determinants of heat resistance, 29 strains of e. coli that differed in their of heat resistance were analyzed by comparative genomics. strains were classified as highly heat resistant strains, exhibiting a d60-value of more than 6 min; moderately heat resistant strains, exhibiting a d60-value of more than 1 min; ... | 2015 | 26441869 |
| magnesium ions mitigate biofilm formation of bacillus species via downregulation of matrix genes expression. | the objective of this study was to investigate the effect of mg(2+) ions on biofilm formation by bacillus species, which are considered as problematic microorganisms in the food industry. we found that magnesium ions are capable to inhibit significantly biofilm formation of bacillus species at 50 mm concentration and higher. we further report that mg(2+) ions don't inhibit bacterial growth at elevated concentrations; hence, the mode of action of mg(2+) ions is apparently specific to inhibition o ... | 2015 | 26441856 |
| microbiota and host immune responses: a love-hate relationship. | a complex relationship between the microbiota and the host emerges early at birth and continues throughout life. the microbiota includes the prokaryotes, viruses and eukaryotes living among us, all of which interact to different extents with various organs and tissues in the body, including the immune system. although the microbiota is most dense in the lower intestine, its influence on host immunity extends beyond the gastrointestinal tract. these interactions with the immune system operate thr ... | 2015 | 26439191 |
| microbiota and host immune responses: a love-hate relationship. | a complex relationship between the microbiota and the host emerges early at birth and continues throughout life. the microbiota includes the prokaryotes, viruses and eukaryotes living among us, all of which interact to different extents with various organs and tissues in the body, including the immune system. although the microbiota is most dense in the lower intestine, its influence on host immunity extends beyond the gastrointestinal tract. these interactions with the immune system operate thr ... | 2015 | 26439191 |
| complex regulation pathways of ampc-mediated β-lactam resistance in enterobacter cloacae complex. | enterobacter cloacae complex (ecc), an opportunistic pathogen causing numerous infections in hospitalized patients worldwide, is able to resist β-lactams mainly by producing the ampc β-lactamase enzyme. ampc expression is highly inducible in the presence of some β-lactams, but the underlying genetic regulation, which is intricately linked to peptidoglycan recycling, is still poorly understood. in this study, we constructed different mutant strains that were affected in genes encoding enzymes sus ... | 2015 | 26438498 |
| clonal dissemination of enterobacter cloacae harboring blakpc-3 in the upper midwestern united states. | carbapenemase-producing, carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae, or cp-cre, are an emerging threat to human and animal health, because they are resistant to many of the last-line antimicrobials available for disease treatment. carbapenemase-producing enterobacter cloacae harboring blakpc-3 recently was reported in the upper midwestern united states and implicated in a hospital outbreak in fargo, north dakota (l. m. kiedrowski, d. m. guerrero, f. perez, r. a. viau, l. j. rojas, m. f. mojica, s. ... | 2015 | 26438492 |
| construction of specific primers for rapid detection of south african exportable vegetable macergens. | macergens are bacteria causing great damages to the parenchymatous tissues of vegetable both on the field and in transit. to effectively and rapidly investigate the diversity and distribution of these macergens, four specific primers were designed by retrieving 16s rdna sequences of pectolytic bacteria from genbank through the national center for biotechnology information (ncbi). these were aligned using clusterw via bioedit and primers were designed using primer3plus platform. the size and prim ... | 2015 | 26437427 |