Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
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| identification and characterization of bicp27, an early protein of bovine herpesvirus 1 which may stimulate mrna 3' processing. | sequence analysis of the left genomic terminus of bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) revealed two convergently transcribed genes with 3' ends about 300 bp apart. the gene on the left is the previously described circ gene; that on the right was found to encode a protein of 400 amino acids which was designated bicp27 because of its homology to icp27 (vmw63) of herpes simplex virus 1 (hsv-1) and related proteins from other alpha- beta- and gammaherpesviruses. rabbit antisera raised against a synthetic ol ... | 1996 | 8627249 |
| identification and characterization of a bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) glycoprotein gl which is required for proper antigenicity, processing, and transport of bhv-1 glycoprotein gh. | dna sequence analysis of the bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) genome revealed the presence of an open reading frame named ul1 which exhibited limited homology to glycoprotein gl of herpes simplex virus-1 (s. k. khattar, s. van drunen littel-van den hurk, l. a. babiuk, and s. k. tikoo, virology 213, 28-37). to identify the bhv-1 ul1 protein, rabbit antisera were prepared against two synthetic peptides that were predicted by computer analysis to encompass antigenic epitopes. sera against both peptides ... | 1996 | 8623555 |
| bovine herpesvirus meningoencephalitis association with infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (ibr) vaccine. | during 1992, on a farm in the tokachi district of hokkaido, japan, approximately 20 holstein-friesian calves showed neuroparalysis and died within 7-10 days after routine vaccination. six male calves, aged about 1.5 months, were submitted to our laboratory for pathological examination and diagnosed as acute or subacute necrotizing meningoencephalitis due to bovine herpes virus (bhv) infection. the main necropsy findings included a few hemorrhages or clots, and malacic lesions localized in the co ... | 1995 | 8615076 |
| monitoring experimental alcelaphine herpesvirus-1 infection in cattle by nucleic-acid hybridization and pcr. | the dna probe sw15 derived from the laboratory-attenuated alcelaphine herpesvirus-1 (ahv-1) strain wc11 as well as from the polymerase chain-reaction test (hsu, shih, castro & zee 1990), was used to detect viral dna of malignant catarrhal fever (mcf) in six experimentally infected cattle. heparinized blood samples were collected and tested at least three times a week over a period of up to 142 d. results of hybridization and pcr tests were compared with the results of clinical examinations, and ... | 1995 | 8600434 |
| [clinical experiences in the use of para-immunity inducers in cattle during animal exhibitions]. | ibr positive cattle after vaccination with dead vaccine may excrete ibr/ipv (bhv-1) virus when facing a stress situation. on cattle exhibitions the share of such individuals may vary between 8 and 34%. since 1988 in order to protect animals against infections ibr negative cattle and cows on 7 regional, one national and one international exhibitions were treated with duphamun and baypamun, respectively. after returning of animals to their owner ibr outbreaks were confirmed in 8 forms. this is low ... | 1995 | 8593769 |
| cell-mediated and humoral immunity in bulls infected with ibr/ipv virus (bhv 1). | time-related changes in specific cell-mediated immunity (cmi) and in humoral immunity were monitored in 20 bulls, aging 12 to 16 months, in four groups, each consisting of 5 animals. group i was experimentally and group iii-naturally infected with bhv 1 virus, groups ii and iv serving as control animals. tests for cmi included delayed type hypersensitivity (dth), leukocyte migration inhibitory factor (lmif) and granulocyte migration inhibitor factor (gmif-lif-buffy coat leukocyte migration inhib ... | 1994 | 8590901 |
| detection of bovine herpesvirus 1 in clinical samples by the polymerase chain reaction. | a pcr assay with primers selected from the gl gene and flanking a 468 bp dna fragment was tested on clinical samples. of 27 samples (nasal swabs, lung, lymph nodes, tracheal mucosa) collected from 16 different outbreaks in scotland, 18 were positive by pcr and 13 by virus isolation. some samples of isolated dna had to be diluted by a factor 50-100 to obtain a positive pcr result. pcr assay could detect the bhv-1 positive samples collected from different european regions, namely from slovakia, it ... | 1995 | 8582261 |
| effects of perinatal vaccination on humoral and cellular immune responses in cows and young calves. | to examine the effects of perinatal vaccination on cellular and humoral responses in cows and on passive transfer of antibodies and cells to calves, and to assess the role of maternal antibodies in vaccination responses of neonatal calves. | 1996 | 8575972 |
| persistence of bovine herpesvirus-1-specific antibodies in cattle after intranasal vaccination with a live virus vaccine. | to study the development and persistence of circulating antibodies directed against bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) induced by vaccination, approximately 80 per cent of the seronegative cows in four partly seronegative dairy herds were vaccinated once with a temperature-sensitive live virus vaccine. most (83 per cent) of the vaccinated animals developed antibodies to bhv-1 within two months after the vaccination. in the same period, 21 per cent of the unvaccinated control cattle also seroconverted, ... | 1995 | 8560685 |
| characterization of the camel skin cell line dubca. | a skin fibroblast cell culture was established from a 2-month-old dromedary foetus. the cells were transformed by infection with sv40 and cloned in soft agar. the established cell line is now designated dubca cells (dubai camel) and has been in permanent culture for 95 passages. the cell culture was examined morphologically, chromosome preparations made and dna fingerprinting performed by hybridization with the oligonucleotide probe (gtg)5. sv40 large t antigen was detected by western blotting. ... | 1995 | 8556315 |
| identification and characterization of the bovine herpesvirus 1 ul7 gene and gene product which are not essential for virus replication in cell culture. | the ul7 gene of bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) strain schönböken was found at a position and in a context predicted from the gene order in the prototype alphaherpesvirus herpes simplex virus type 1. the gene and flanking regions were sequenced, the ul7 rna and protein were characterized, and 98.3% of the ul7 open reading frame was deleted from the viral genome without destroying productive virus replication. concomitant deletion of nine 3' codons from the bhv-1 ul6 orf and 77 amino acids from the ... | 1996 | 8551568 |
| lymphocyte proliferative responses to recombinant bovine herpes virus type 1 (bhv-1) glycoprotein gd (giv) in immune cattle: identification of a t cell epitope. | the lymphocyte proliferative response to bhv-1 in immune cattle was compared to recombinant wild-type gd and truncated gd produced from recombinant vaccinia viruses. the response exhibited by recombinant proteins was comparable to the response induced by bhv-1 suggesting that gd is the major target structure for stimulation of bovine lymphocytes. analysis of the proliferative response using vaccinia virus vectors expressing various modified forms of gd identified a region between residues 165 an ... | 1995 | 8546801 |
| isotype-specific antibody responses to bovine herpesvirus 1 in sera and mucosal secretions of calves after experimental reinfection and after reactivation. | isotype-specific antibody responses to bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv1) were measured in sera, nasal, ocular and genital secretions of calves that were reinfected with bhv1 and 6 weeks later treated with corticosteroids to reactivate putative latent virus. after reinfection and after reactivation, no bhv1-specific igm antibody response was detected. the serum iga response was only transiently detectable after reinfection and again appeared rapidly after reactivation in most calves. most calves showed ... | 1995 | 8533302 |
| virulence and genotype of a bovine herpesvirus 1 isolate from semen of a subclinically infected bull. | a bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) isolate from the semen of a subclinically infected bull was administered to cattle by various routes to assess its virulence. cattle that were artificially inseminated or inoculated intrapreputially did not develop clinical signs, but did transmit the virus to contact cattle. however, the isolate induced severe signs of rhinotracheitis and vulvovaginitis in cattle that were inoculated by the intravaginal, intranasal or intravenous routes, but did not infect the fet ... | 1995 | 8533214 |
| differences in the role of glycoprotein c of hsv-1 and hsv-2 in viral binding may contribute to serotype differences in cell tropism. | heparan sulfate serves as a receptor for several herpesviruses. for herpes simplex virus 1 (hsv-1), pseudorabies virus, and bovine herpesvirus 1, glycoprotein c homologues have been shown to mediate the binding to cell-surface heparan sulfate. it has been assumed that glycoprotein c of hsv-2 (gc-2) plays a similar role in hsv-2 entry, but this has not been established experimentally. we first determined, using heparin-affinity chromatography, that gc-2 is a heparin-binding glycoprotein. to exami ... | 1995 | 8525631 |
| detection of bovine herpesvirus 1 in the semen of experimentally infected bulls by dot-blot hybridisation, polymerase chain reaction and virus isolation. | two 18-month-old bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv1)-seronegative bulls were inoculated experimentally with bhv1 via their prepuces. semen collected at intervals was examined by optimised virus isolation, dot-blot hybridisation and the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) for detection of bhv1, and the infection was monitored serologically by using a virus neutralisation test. antibodies were first detected 10 days after inoculation and were still present 40 days after inoculation. semen collected from four ... | 1995 | 8525113 |
| an evaluation of an intradermal test for the diagnosis of bovine herpesvirus type 1 (bhv-1) infection in cattle. | an intradermal (id) test (a delayed-type hypersensitivity test) was used for the diagnosis of bhv-1 infection in cattle. a threshold value for the test positive results was established based on the analysis of the agreement between the results of id test and those of virus neutralization (vn24) assay. linear regression analysis revealed no correlation between the intensity of the skin reaction (expressed as an increase in skin-fold thickness) and the vn24 antibody titre. the sensitivity and spec ... | 1993 | 8456567 |
| type-i interferon genotypes and severity of clinical disease in cattle inoculated with bovine herpesvirus 1. | genomic dna samples and health records from 98 unrelated, mixed-breed cattle inoculated with bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) were examined to determine the relationship between interferon (ifn) genotype and severity of clinical disease. cattle were retrospectively classified as moderately or severely affected on the basis of rectal temperature, feed intake, and weight gain after intranasal inoculation of bhv-1. southern blot analysis of 16 type-i ifn genes identified alleles at 3 ifn loci (ifnb1, i ... | 1993 | 8427475 |
| recent advances in bovine vaccine technology. | a description of new commercial and experimental vaccines for viral and bacterial diseases of cattle can be broadly divided into those used for both beef and dairy cows and those used predominantly in dairy cattle. for both types of cattle, newer and experimental vaccines are directed against several of the important viral (e.g., bovine herpesvirus 1, bovine viral diarrhea virus, bovine respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenza type 3, and foot-and-mouth disease virus) and bacterial pathogens ( ... | 1993 | 8408872 |
| molecular cloning and restriction endonuclease analysis of 0.4 kb hin diii'o' fragment of bovine herpesvirus 1 dna. | bovine herpesvirus 1 dna has been isolated by sds lysis of the virus purified from potassium tartrate (10-50%) density gradient centrifugation. the quality and quantity of viral dna was checked by uv spectrophotometry and ethidium bromide stained agarose gel electrophoresis. the 0.4 kb hin diii'o' fragment of bhv-1 dna was selectively cloned into hin diii cut puc9 plasmid dna (2.665 kb). recombinants were screened by white/blue colonies as well as hin diii restriction enzyme analysis. on restric ... | 1993 | 8406544 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of psti fragments of bovine herpesvirus-1 dna. | the dna from an indian isolate of bhv-1 was cleaved with the restriction enzyme psti and cloned into puc9 plasmid. two recombinant plasmids were then analyzed using restriction endonucleases psti, ecori, bamhi, smai, sali, hindiii, bgli, haeiii, xhoi, rsai and stui. on the basis of digested fragments of recombinant plasmids, two plasmids could be mapped for restriction enzymes sali, stui, smai and xhoi using single and double digestion. | 1993 | 8401302 |
| diversity of the virulence for c57bl mice among bhv-1 strains. | virulence of bovid herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) for c57bl suckling mice was compared among respiratory, genital and attenuated vaccine strains. the 50% mouse lethal dose of the respiratory strain was approximately 1,000-fold lower than that of the vaccine strain. the genital strain showed intermediate virulence. the kinetic studies suggested that the respiratory strain appeared to multiply in the brain of the animals, and that the genital and vaccine strains were eradicated from the animals. | 1993 | 8399760 |
| comparative study on sixteen enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for the detection of antibodies to bovine herpesvirus 1 in cattle. | sixteen commercial or non-commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas) for bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv1)-specific antibody detection in serum were compared using 41 bovine sera of well defined origin. all elisas were able to detect correctly most of the antibody negative sera (specificity > or = 92%). the ability, however, to detect specific antibodies varied considerably between elisas. sensitivity, estimated by testing 18 positive sera, ranged between 50% and 100%. sera with titers of ... | 1993 | 8395742 |
| [bhv-1 intradermal test in cattle]. | investigations concerning an intradermal test for the diagnosis of bhv 1 infection were carried out in 221 cattle. in 16% of cases the result of the test was dependent on the time the test was read (48 or 72 h). fifteen per cent of the animals older than 9 months showed no reaction to the intradermal test though humoral antibodies against bhv 1 were detectable by elisa. intradermal injection of test antigen resulted in seroconversion in seronegative cattle. the antibodies remained detectable in ... | 1993 | 8394034 |
| immunopotentiation of bovine respiratory disease virus vaccines by interleukin-1 beta and interleukin-2. | three experiments, using 85 crossbred beef calves, were conducted to evaluate the adjuvanticity of single, multiple, and combined doses of recombinant bovine il-1 beta (rboil-1 beta) and recombinant bovine il-2 (rboil-2), with a modified-live bovine herpesvirus-1/parainfluenza-3 (bhv-1/pi-3) virus vaccine and a killed bovine viral diarrhea (bvd) virus vaccine. cytokines were administered intramuscularly at vaccination but at different injection sites. all cytokine treatments increased non-major ... | 1993 | 8393601 |
| molecular characterization of south american bovine herpesvirus-1 isolates with monoclonal antibodies and sds-page. | antigenic patterns of bhv-1 isolates from argentina, chile and brazil were examined with a panel of monoclonal antibodies (mabs) generated with bhv-1.1 and bhv-1.3 strains. among the argentinian isolates, 7/8 neurological cases showed bhv-1.3 characteristics and 10/12 non-neurological cases from all countries exhibited bhv-1.1/2 pattern. all viral isolates from genital infections showed bhv-1.1/2 characteristics. chilean isolates exhibited bhv-1.1/2 pattern and one among 3 brazilian viruses was ... | 1993 | 8391743 |
| identification and deletion mutagenesis of the bovine herpesvirus 1 dutpase gene and a gene homologous to herpes simplex virus ul49.5. | the gene encoding bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv 1) deoxyuridine triphosphatase (dutpase) was isolated by a pcr procedure using degenerate oligonucleotide primers whose sequences were based upon conserved motifs commonly present in dutpase genes. this gene was found to reside between 0.059 and 0.066 map units in the bhv 1 cooper strain. dna sequence analysis of this region revealed an open reading frame of 975 base pairs capable of encoding 325 amino acids. the deduced amino acid sequence of the open ... | 1993 | 8391186 |
| species selective interaction of alphaherpesvirinae with the "unspecific" immune system of the host. | during evolution herpesviridae have developed glycoproteins, which interact with essential components of the immune system. besides immunoglobulin-binding proteins (= fc-receptors), expressed by several members of the herpesfamily, the interaction with the complement system plays a role in the pathogenicity of herpes simplex virus. here we report that the ability to interact with the third complement component (c3), the central mediator of complement activation, was also found among several anim ... | 1993 | 8390825 |
| [detection of bovine herpesvirus-1 using the dot-blot hybridization method]. | with the development of molecular biology in the 1980s methods of microorganism detection start to innovate. one of the main advantages of the molecular-genetic methods, namely hybridization of nucleic acids and pcr methods, is the detection of genome of microorganism without the need for cellular cultivation. to detect bhv-1 (etiological agens ibr-ipv) the dot-blot hybridization method on nitrocellulose filters was used together with different types of dna probes (two-fiber recombinant plasmids ... | 1993 | 8390122 |
| characterization of the myristylated polypeptide encoded by the ul1 gene that is conserved in the genome of defective interfering particles of equine herpesvirus 1. | equine herpesvirus 1 (ehv-1, kentucky a strain) preparations enriched for defective interfering particles (dips) can readily establish persistent infection. the ul1 gene, which is conserved in the genome of dips that mediate persistent infection, maps between nucleotides 1418 and 2192 (258 amino acids) from the l (long) terminus. ul1 has no homology with any known gene encoded by herpes simplex virus type 1 but has limited homology to open reading frame 2 of varicella-zoster virus and the "circ" ... | 1993 | 8389920 |
| restriction enzyme analysis of bovine herpesvirus-1 dna from an indian isolate. | an indian isolate of bhv-1 was analyzed using several restriction endonucleases. the restriction pattern of bhv-1 dna with hindiii, bamhi and ecori was found to be similar to other reported restriction endonuclease patterns for respiratory isolates of bhv-1. thus, this isolate could be grouped under bhv-1.1 (respiratory form of bhv-1). few restriction endonucleases yielded distinct restriction profile of bhv-1 dna. the total molecular size of bhv-1 dna for the isolate studied was also estimated ... | 1993 | 8389633 |
| effect of copper deficiency on tissue, blood characteristics, and immune function of calves challenged with infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus and pasteurella hemolytica. | fourteen holstein steers, averaging 30 d of age, were fed a semipurified diet (1.5 mg of cu/kg) supplemented with 0 (-cu) or 10 mg of cu/kg of diet (+cu) for 5 mo. calves were then challenged by consecutive exposure to aerosol preparations of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (ibrv) and pasteurella hemolytica on d 0 and 7, respectively, of the 30-d study. serum ceruloplasmin and plasma copper were higher in +cu calves throughout the challenge period and increased in +cu calves after microb ... | 1993 | 8389346 |
| glycoproteins giii and gp50 play dominant roles in the biphasic attachment of pseudorabies virus. | virus infections are initiated by adsorption of virions to target cells. this step is mediated by viral attachment proteins that interact with specific cellular receptors. it has previously been shown that the alphaherpesvirus pseudorabies virus (prv) attaches to cells by way of a process that involves the viral envelope glycoprotein giii (gc) and a heparin-like cellular surface moiety (t. c. mettenleiter, l. zsak, f. zuckermann, n. sugg, h. kern, and t. ben-porat (1990) j. virol. 64, 278-286). ... | 1993 | 8389078 |
| risk of infection with bovine herpes virus 1 (bhv1): a review. | bovine herpes virus 1 (bhv1) consists of three subtypes, which probably differ in their epizootiological characteristics. bhv1 subtypes 1 and 2a are mainly associated with the respiratory form of the disease (ibr), subtype 2b with ipv/ibp, and subtype 3 with encephalitis. bhv1 subtype 1 is excreted in high titres in nasal secretions and spreads more effectively than the other subtypes. cattle are the only significant source of viral spread. although other species may become infected, they probab ... | 1993 | 8388593 |
| detection of the bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) genome by pcr. | the amplification of the 468 bp fragment of the bhv-1 genome by pcr is described. the 22 bp oligomers from the bhv-1 gi gene were used as primers. for successful amplification the thermal denaturation (100 degrees c/8 min, ice) of the dna sample was carried out prior to the cycling (95 degrees c for 1 min, 56 degrees c for 1 min, 73 degrees c for 1 min). the presence of glycerol markedly enhances the pcr. | 1993 | 8388400 |
| isolation and characterization of encephalitic bovine herpesvirus type 1 isolates from cattle in north america. | nine cns bovine herpesvirus type 1 (bhv-1) isolates, recovered from bovine brain samples submitted to the texas veterinary medical diagnostic laboratories from 1974-1989, were compared by analyzing their dna restriction endonuclease (re) fragment migration pattern. seven had pattern similar to that of the respiratory bhv-1 cooper strain. the remaining 2 isolates, however, had variant patterns, similar to that of each other, but completely different from patients for the other 7. the re patterns ... | 1993 | 8387250 |
| resistance and susceptibility of bovine cells expressing herpesviral glycoprotein d homologs to herpesviral infections. | bovine cell lines individually expressing two related herpesviral proteins, pseudorabies virus glycoprotein 50 and herpes simplex virus type 1 glycoprotein d, were examined for their susceptibility/resistance to infection with several alphaherpesviruses. cell lines expressing gp50 or gd-1 resisted plaque formation by the homologous virus more than by the heterologous viruses. bovine cells expressing bovine herpesvirus 1 glycoprotein iv (giv) were susceptible to infection with three other bovine ... | 1993 | 8386880 |
| hemadsorptive activity of transfected cos-7 cells expressing bhv-1 glycoprotein giii. | bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) glycoprotein giii plays an important role in virus adsorption. the sr alpha promoter expression vector containing bhv-1 giii gene was transfected into cos-7 cells. fluorescent antibody staining using a panel of monoclonal antibodies demonstrated antigenic authenticity with regard to at least three nonoverlapping neutralization sites as well as surface expression of the glycoprotein. c57bl mouse erythrocytes were found to absorb onto the giii-expressing cells. the hem ... | 1993 | 8384743 |
| the effect of (s)-1-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonyl-methoxypropyl)cytosine (hpmpc) on bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) infection and reactivation in cattle. | a reproducible pattern of respiratory disease was produced in calves inoculated intranasally with a pathogenic strain of bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1). a latent infection was established which could be reactivated by means of corticosteroid administration. groups of calves were given a single dose of 20 mg/kg of (s)-1-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonyl-methoxypropyl)cytosine (hpmpc) either the day before or the day following virus inoculation. the drug markedly reduced clinical signs and virus replication; ... | 1993 | 8384432 |
| an intradermal test for the diagnosis of bhv-1 infection. the effect of repeated testing on the immune status of cattle. | the effect of the repeated delayed-type hypersensitivity (dth) testing (an intradermal test--id) on virus neutralizing (vn) antibody and dth responses has been studied. repeated intradermal injection of inactivated bhv-1 antigen elicited neither the virus neutralizing antibody nor positive skin reaction in cattle free from bhv-1 infection. on the other, hand, the same manipulation carried out in a herd infected with bhv-1 provoked seroconversion and/or positive dth reaction in some of the animal ... | 1993 | 8384397 |
| comparison of immediate-early transcripts among bovine herpesvirus type 1 and type 5 strains differing in neurovirulent potential. | northern (rna) blot analysis was used to compare immediate-early (ie) transcripts among strains of bovine herpesvirus type 1 and type 5 differing in neurovirulent potential. results obtained from the neurovirulent strain n569 were compared to those from two non-neurovirulent strains, jura and k22. strain n569 expressed three major ie transcripts with similar size and transcription pattern as previously reported for strain jura and k22 (wirth et al., 1989, 1991, 1992), except for some differences ... | 1993 | 8383391 |
| restriction endonuclease analysis of herpesviruses isolated from two peninsular bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis cremnobates). | in 1989, herpesviruses were isolated from nasal swabs taken from two peninsular bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis cremnobates) in the anza-borrego desert state park, san diego county, california (usa). using restriction endonuclease analysis (rea) with pst1 enzyme, each isolate was found to be similar to the cooper strain of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (ibrv). the rea patterns of the two herpesviruses from bighorn sheep were typical of either field strains or vaccine strains of ibrv com ... | 1993 | 8383254 |
| analysis of bovine herpesvirus 1 glycoprotein giv truncations and deletions expressed by recombinant vaccinia viruses. | glycoprotein giv is an envelope component of bovine herpesvirus type 1 and appears to be involved in attachment, penetration, and cell fusion. four antigenic domains which include both continuous and discontinuous epitopes have been previously defined by competition binding assays using giv-specific monoclonal antibodies (mabs). here we describe the construction of c-terminal truncations and internal deletions in the giv-encoding gene and analyses of the effects of these mutations on the synthes ... | 1993 | 8383232 |
| a subclinical infection of bulls with bovine herpesvirus type 1 at an artificial insemination centre. | a subclinical bovine herpesvirus type 1 (bhv1) infection affected bulls at an artificial insemination centre for at least six months. the virus was detected in semen samples from 43 out of 116 bulls examined; 27 of them shed virus during one consecutive period of up to 10 days and 16 shed the virus intermittently. the virus titres ranged between 10 and 100,000 tcid50/ml. vaccinated bulls tended to excrete the virus less frequently than unvaccinated bulls. approximately 50 per cent of the bulls t ... | 1993 | 8382889 |
| immediate-early transcription over covalently joined genome ends of bovine herpesvirus 1: the circ gene. | herpesvirus genomes are linear molecules in virions. prior to replication in host cells, they form circular templates by unknown mechanisms. examining lytic infection with bovine herpesvirus 1, we observed immediate-early transcription over joined genome ends, which suggested that circles are present at the initial stage of infection. among the transcripts was a spliced immediate-early rna (1.5 kb) sharing exon 1 with previously described major immediate-early transcripts from the right genome e ... | 1993 | 8382298 |
| identification of different target glycoproteins for bovine herpes virus type 1-specific cytotoxic t lymphocytes depending on the method of in vitro stimulation. | vaccinia virus recombinants expressing the three major bovine herpes virus-1 (bhv-1) glycoproteins gi, giii and giv were used to identify the major target antigens for bhv-1-specific ctl isolated from immune cattle. peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) expanded in vitro in the presence of interleukin-2 (il-2) and lysed both giii- and giv-infected target cells. secondary in vitro stimulation of pbmc was also performed in the presence of either fixed bhv-1-infected autologous fibroblasts or u ... | 1993 | 8382189 |
| restriction maps of the dna of cervid herpesvirus 1 and cervid herpesvirus 2, two viruses related to bovine herpesvirus 1. | restriction maps of cervid herpesviruses 1 and 2 which are antigenetically related to bovine herpesvirus 1, were deduced from southern blot hybridization with hindiii restriction fragments of bhv-1 dna as probes. | 1993 | 8382040 |
| a comparative evaluation of two sensitive serum neutralization tests for bovine herpesvirus-1 antibodies. | two sensitive serum neutralization (sn) tests for the detection of antibodies to bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) in bovine sera were evaluated. both sn tests used a 24 h incubation of test sera with 100 ccid50 of bhv-1 before the addition of susceptible cells. the tests differed in the presence (c test) or absence (d test) of complement and were compared with a standard 1 h incubation sn test and the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). although the mean titer of the c test was twofold higher ... | 1993 | 8381701 |
| protection of cattle from bhv-1 infection by immunization with recombinant glycoprotein giv. | high levels of recombinant bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) glycoprotein iv were produced in baculovirus, adenovirus, vaccinia virus and escherichia coli expression systems. the different recombinant forms as well as authentic giv were injected intramuscularly into seronegative calves. with the exception of e. coli-produced giv, all forms of giv induced high levels of neutralizing antibodies both in the serum and in the nasal superficial mucosa. animals immunized with giv produced in insect or mamma ... | 1993 | 8381248 |
| role of n-linked glycans in antigenicity, processing, and cell surface expression of bovine herpesvirus 1 glycoprotein giv. | glycoprotein giv, a structural component of bovine herpesvirus type 1, stimulates high titers of virus-neutralizing antibody. the protein contains three potential sites for the addition of n-linked carbohydrates. three mutants were constructed by oligonucleotide-directed mutagenesis, in each case changing one n-linked glycosylation site from asn-x-thr/ser to ser-x-thr/ser. a fourth mutant was altered at two sites. the altered forms of the giv gene were cloned into a vaccinia virus transfer vecto ... | 1993 | 8380463 |
| the pathogenesis of wild type and drug resistant mutant strains of bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) in the natural host. | an experimental infection with bovine herpesvirus-1 was established in calves by means of intranasal inoculation. three calves were infected with the parental strain bhv-1 w/t, three with the tk-defective strain, b 1 and four with the hpmpa-resistant strain, 3 a. inoculation with w/t virus resulted in a reproducible clinical disease characterised by respiratory distress, fever and the presence of virus in nasal mucus. following the acute infection, w/t-inoculated animals became seropositive for ... | 1993 | 8380324 |
| [evaluation of indicators of cellular immunity in experimental infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus infection in calves treated with glucan]. | some parameters of cell-mediated immunity (phagocytic activity pa and phagocytic index pi, metabolic activity and migration-inhibitive factor mif of blood leucocytes) were investigated in calves experimentally infected with ibr virus (group ii) and in calves premedicated with glucan seven days before infection (group i). a significant increase in the percentage of phagocytizing cells was observed in both groups of animals on days 2-4 of the experiment (p < 0.01) in comparison with the values bef ... | 1993 | 8379099 |
| bovine herpesvirus 1: immune responses in mice and cattle injected with plasmid dna. | mice and cattle injected with plasmids encoding bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) glycoproteins developed gene-specific antibody responses capable of neutralizing bhv-1. the ability of animals to respond serologically to dna injections was in part dependent on the quantity of dna injected and was also negatively affected by carrier dna. calves injected with a plasmid encoding bhv-1 giv developed significant antibody titers to giv and shed less virus than did the control calf after challenge. this rep ... | 1993 | 8350420 |
| bovine natural killer activity against virally infected cells inhibited by monoclonal antibodies. | forty-four monoclonal antibodies (mabs) were evaluated for their ability to alter natural killer (nk) cell lysis of virally infected target cells. six of the mabs inhibited the lysis of the target cells, while one of the mabs enhanced lysis. four of the inhibitory mabs, cact26a, cact16a, cactb45a and muc76a, had very marked activity. these mabs with inhibitory or enhancing activity recognized (1) wc2 molecules (cactb44a, cact16a, cact26a) present on putative nk cells, (2) molecules on granulocyt ... | 1993 | 8310651 |
| development of a rapid and sensitive polymerase chain reaction assay for detection of bovine herpesvirus type 1 in bovine semen. | we developed a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay to detect bovine herpesvirus type 1 (bhv-1) in bovine semen. since bovine semen contains components that inhibit pcr amplification, a protocol was developed to purify bhv-1 dna from bovine semen. to identify failures of pcr amplification, we used an internal control template that was coamplified by the same pcr primers. when separated fractions of bhv-1-contaminated semen were analyzed by the pcr, we found that more than 90% of the bhv-1 dna w ... | 1993 | 8308103 |
| viral infection of bovine bronchial epithelial cells induces increased neutrophil chemotactic activity and neutrophil adhesion. | 1. acute bronchitis secondary to viral infection is associated with an influx of neutrophils. we hypothesized that bronchial epithelial cells are capable of releasing neutrophil chemotactic activity in response to viral infection. 2. to test this hypothesis, primary cultures of bovine bronchial epithelial cells were inoculated with a bovine respiratory pathogen, bovine herpes virus-1. 3. supernatants collected from inoculated cells, before signs of toxicity, demonstrated significant neutrophil c ... | 1993 | 8287669 |
| efficacy of a deletion mutant bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) vaccine that allows serologic differentiation of vaccinated from naturally infected animals. | fifteen bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1)-negative calves were vaccinated intramuscularly with 10(7.4) plaque-forming units of a double-deletion bhv-1 mutant (ibrv(ng)dltkdlgiii), and 6 remained as nonvaccinated controls. thirty days after vaccination, the animals were challenged by nasal instillation of 10(8.2) ccid50 of a virulent bhv-1 strain (cooper). the vaccinated calves were protected against wildtype virus challenge as demonstrated by clinical evaluation. most of the vaccinates developed only ... | 1993 | 8286451 |
| viral antibodies in bovine fetuses in argentina. | in order to establish the prevalence of viral infections of the bovine fetus in argentina, a serological survey for antibodies against viral agents currently affecting cattle in this country was conducted. antibodies against foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv), bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1), bovine leukaemia virus (blv), bovine rotavirus (brv), bovine coronavirus (bcv), bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) and parainfluenza-3 (pi-3) were investigated in a total of 315 fetal serum samples. conventi ... | 1993 | 8284507 |
| the effect of the mode of sampling on bhv-1 detection in infected cattle by dot-blot hybridization. | the bhv-1 genome in nasal swabs and washings was detected by dot-blot hybridization using the 32p-pur-1 probe (1.8 kb ecori-hindiii random fragment of bhv-1 dna ligated into the puc-9 plasmid) as early as on day 1 after the experimental infection of cattle. in dependence on the sampling method, differences were observed in the maximum of hybridization signals. during nasal swab analyses maximum amounts of bhv-1 differed in the individual samples (day 1-3). hybridization signals obtained at the a ... | 1993 | 8273279 |
| bovine herpesvirus-1 vaccines. | vaccination has been important in controlling a wide variety of viral and bacterial infections of man and animals. vaccines to herpesvirus infection of cattle are no exception. the present review describes the different types of conventional vaccines that have been used to date and furthermore describes the novel approaches which are presently being implemented to develop more effective vaccines. these include subunit vaccines as well as genetically engineered modified live deletion mutants. bot ... | 1993 | 8270270 |
| epidemiological study of enzootic pneumonia in dairy calves in saskatchewan. | a field study involving 325 calves from 17 dairy herds in saskatchewan was conducted to determine the risk of enzootic pneumonia and to assess its association with a number of factors. two different case definitions of pneumonia were used in the analyses: the first was based on producers' treatment risk (case1) and the second was based on semimonthly clinical examinations of calves by the research veterinarian (case2). the risk of pneumonia based on case1 was 39% and on case2 was 29%. the measur ... | 1993 | 8269363 |
| heat-shock promoter-driven synthesis of secreted bovine herpesvirus glycoproteins in transfected cells. | the bovine hsp70a heat-shock gene promoter was isolated and used to direct the heat-regulated synthesis of bovine herpesvirus glycoproteins giii and giv in transfected cultured bovine cells. sequences encoding the viral glycoproteins incorporated mutations that deleted the transmembrane anchors. both proteins were efficiently secreted from transfected cells in a temperature-dependent manner and the giv so produced was found to be antigenically similar to the authentic molecule. stable cell lines ... | 1993 | 8249428 |
| identification of 108k, 93k, and 42k glycoproteins of bovine herpesvirus-1 by monoclonal antibodies. | three glycoproteins of bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) other than glycoproteins gi, giii, and giv were identified by monoclonal antibody (mab) analyses. monoclonal antibodies were obtained by immunization of mice with either bhv-1 envelope or virus infected cells, from which the glycoproteins gi, giii, and giv were removed by immunoaffinity. in the latter immunization procedure mice were tolerized either against normal cellular antigens with or without glycoproteins gi, giii, giv, and nucleocapsid. ... | 1993 | 8240021 |
| [the effect of primary bhv-1 infection on the dynamics of t and b lymphocytes in the peripheral blood and levels of specific serum antibodies in calves treated with glucan]. | in the present study we investigated the dynamics of circulating t and b lymphocytes and serum specific antibodies in calves experimentally infected with ibr virus (i group) and in calves administered glucan (seven days before infection) and the infected (gi group). the percentages of t and b lymphocytes in the peripheral blood were determined from analyses by rosette methods; the titer of serum anti-ibr antibodies was determined by virus-neutralizing test on cell cultures. the dynamics of the p ... | 1993 | 8236630 |
| detection of bovine herpesvirus-1 in bovine semen by a nested pcr assay. | a nested pcr assay targeting a portion of the glycoprotein iv gene has been developed for the detection of bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1). rapid and sensitive detection of the pcr products was achieved using a nonisotopic reverse dot-blot format with a visible color readout. cross-reactivity of this pcr assay was not observed with the closely related bhv-3. the sensitivity of this assay when tested on a supernatant from a bhv-1 cell culture was approximately 4.5 tcid50 (50% tissue culture infectio ... | 1993 | 8227276 |
| a european comparative study of serological methods for the diagnosis of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis. | a comparison is made of serological diagnostic procedures used for infectious bovine rhinotracheitis in the european community. a panel of 65 sera, including positive, doubtful, negative and diluted samples was dispatched to nine different european laboratories and tested by neutralisation, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), indirect immunofluorescence and passive haemagglutination, according to the methods used in each laboratory. the results showed good agreement between the various te ... | 1993 | 8219346 |
| application of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for epidemiological studies of diseases of livestock in the tropics of mexico. | this study was conducted at the centre for research, teaching and extension in tropical livestock (centro de investigación, enseñanza y extensión en ganadería tropical) of the faculty of veterinary medicine of the national autonomous university of mexico. during the latter part of 1986 and throughout 1988 and 1989, the herd of holstein x zebu cattle at the university was tested for igg antibodies to twenty-one viral, bacterial, rickettsial and parasitic agents. antigens prepared from twenty infe ... | 1993 | 8219327 |
| comparison of bovine immune responses to affinity-purified bovine herpesvirus-1 antiidiotypes and glycoproteins. | bovine immune responses to rabbit antiidiotypic antibodies (anti-id) against neutralizing monoclonal antibodies to bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) envelope glycoproteins and to bhv-1 glycoproteins were compared. glycoprotein-immunized animals produced high titers of anti-bhv-1 antibodies and were protected against bhv-1 challenge. recombinant bovine interleukin-2 (ril-2)-treated, anti-id-immunized animals showed a slight reduction in clinical disease, and one calf produced bhv-1-neutralizing antibo ... | 1993 | 8216712 |
| promoter, spliced leader, and coding sequence for bicp4, the largest of the immediate-early proteins of bovine herpesvirus 1. | we report the complete nucleotide sequence of the bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) immediate-early gene encoding bicp4, the homolog of the icp4 protein of herpes simplex virus. combined with previous mapping studies, the sequence analysis revealed that the transcript for bicp4 consisted of a noncoding leader rna (exon 1; 0.35 kb) separated by an intron (0.46 kb) from the main body (exon 2; 4.1 kb). the open reading frame for bicp4 (1343 amino acid residues) started 27 nt after the splice site and ex ... | 1993 | 8212570 |
| immunological characterization of the feline herpesvirus-1 glycoprotein b and analysis of its deduced amino acid sequence. | feline herpesvirus 1 (fhv-1) is an important viral pathogen of cats. like other alphaherpesviruses, fhv-1 contains a hsv-1 glycoprotein b (gb) homolog. in this study, monospecific antisera to hsv-1 gb reacted with three fhv-1 proteins (100, 64, and 58 kda) present in virion lysates by immunoprecipitation and immunoblot analyses. reduced stringency hybridization experiments using a hsv-1 gb probe localized the fhv-1 gb gene to a 9.6-kb sa/l fragment in the unique long region of the genome. northe ... | 1993 | 8212548 |
| associations between viral infections and respiratory disease in artificially reared calves. | market-purchased, week-old, dairy bred calves entering a commercial calf-rearing unit were blood sampled at six-week intervals until three months old. viral infections were monitored by elisa for antibodies to bovine herpesvirus 1, bovine respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenzavirus-3, bovine adenovirus subgroup 1 and bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv). the immunoperoxidase test was used to detect bvdv in serum. the total immunoglobulin concentration in the initial blood sample was measured ... | 1993 | 8212494 |
| development and trial of a bovine herpesvirus 1-thymidine kinase deletion virus as a vaccine. | an australian bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv1) isolate with a defined (427 base pair) deletion in the protein coding region of the thymidine kinase gene was obtained by standard marker rescue procedures. after selection in the presence of the nucleotide analogue 5'-iodo-deoxy-uridine the virus was analysed by hybridisation with three differential oligonucleotide probes, restriction endonuclease profile studies and dna sequence analysis. the virus elicited an immune response in recipient animals after ... | 1994 | 8198509 |
| down regulation of murine mhc class i expression by bovine herpesvirus 1. | the objective of this study was to investigate the effect(s) of bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) infection on the expression of mhc class i molecules in murine fibroblasts. l-cells were infected with bhv-1 at a multiplicity of infection (m.o.i.) of 10 plaque forming units (pfu) per cell, and the expression of mhc class i molecules was analyzed by flow cytometry and immunoprecipitation. temporal studies revealed a reduction in class i expression beginning at 8 h post infection (p.i.) which reached a ... | 1993 | 8166934 |
| immediate-early gene expression and gene mapping comparisons among isolates of bovine herpesvirus 1 and 5. | bovine herpesviruses (bhv) are associated with a variety of clinical syndromes. bovine herpesvirus 1 isolates were placed into three genome subtypes based on restriction endonuclease analyses, which were loosely associated by clinical manifestation as bhv1.1 (respiratory), bhv1.2 (genital), and bhv1.3 (encephalitic). more recently the encephalitic isolate has been classified bhv5. a comparison of the cytopathic effect (cpe) in fetal bovine lung cell cultures in the presence of cycloheximide show ... | 1994 | 8160351 |
| [comparison of two elisa systems for the detection of antibodies against ibr/ipv and against enzootic bovine leukemia virus]. | sensitivity and specificity of two elisa systems for the detection of antibodies to bovine herpes-virus 1 (bhv1; ibr/ipv) were tested by using 214 sera of cattle with predetermined history of bhv1 infection and freedom from bhv1 infection, respectively. with these sera as "gold-standard", the sensitivity of elisa1 (herdcheck: anti-ibr) appeared to exceed 98%, whereas for elisa2 (checkit: trachitest) a sensitivity of between 94 and 99.3% was determined. the specificity of elisa1 amounted to at le ... | 1994 | 8153604 |
| identification and zinc dependence of the bovine herpesvirus 1 transactivator protein bicp0. | bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) specifies and unspliced early 2.6-kb rna (er2.6) which is 3' coterminal with exon 2 of the 2.9-kb immediate-early (ie) rna. the two transcripts have a common open reading frame (676 codons). the predicted protein, designated bhv-1 infected cell protein 0 (bicp0), contains a zinc finger domain with homology to icp0 of herpes simplex virus type 1 and protein 61 of varicella-zoster virus, and depending on the promoter, it acts as a strong activator or as a repressor in ... | 1994 | 8151780 |
| expression of bovine herpesvirus 1 glycoprotein giii by a recombinant baculovirus in insect cells. | bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) glycoprotein giii functions both as a major virus attachment protein and haemagglutinating protein. here we constructed recombinant baculovirus incorporating the bhv-1 giii coding sequence to characterize the expression, function and immunogenicity of the glycoprotein in insect cells. the recombinant giii had an m(r) of 72k and seemed to form homodimers. the giii was expressed on the surface of insect cells and a rosette formation assay demonstrated haemadsorbing act ... | 1994 | 8151303 |
| truncated bovine herpesvirus-1 glycoprotein i (gpi) initiates a protective local immune response in its natural host. | current modified live and killed bhv-1 vaccines have not reduced the incidence of bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1), the principal viral agent in bovine respiratory disease complex. the requirement for production of viral proteins for immune study has resulted in the establishment of a cell line which constitutively expresses bhv-1 gpi. a truncated bhv-1 envelope gpi protein was secreted into the culture supernatant of d17 cells transfected with the gpi gene lacking the coding sequence for the transm ... | 1994 | 8147097 |
| restriction endonuclease analysis of a porcine isolate of bovine herpesvirus type 1. | deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) was extracted from bovine herpesvirus type 1 (bhv-1) isolated from a stillborn porcine fetus, from the cooper reference strain of bhv-1, and from an ontario bovine respiratory isolate. each dna was digested with the restriction endonucleases hindiii, ecori, hpai and bamhi. except for very minor differences in the patterns produced after digestion with ecori and hindiii, the dna of the porcine isolate reacted in a similar manner to the bovine viruses, and it was conclu ... | 1994 | 8143256 |
| recovery rate and plasma zinc and copper concentrations of steer calves fed organic and inorganic zinc and manganese sources with or without injectable copper and challenged with infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus. | two experiments were conducted using feeder calves in a randomized block design to determine the effects of organic and inorganic sources of zn and mn fed pre- and posttransit (exp. 1 and 2) with or without injectable cu (exp. 2) on dmi, rectal temperature, bw changes, and plasma zn and cu concentrations of feedlot steers challenged with infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (ibrv). in exp. 1, before weaning, all steers and their dams received the following free-choice mineral supplements: 1) ... | 1994 | 8138492 |
| heparin-binding domain of bovid herpesvirus 1 glycoprotein giii. | bovid herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) glycoprotein giii functions as a major virus attachment protein through binding to a heparin-like moiety on the host cells. to identify the functional domain, a panel of giii deletion mutants was constructed, expressed in cos-7 cells, and examined for heparin-binding activity. mutants with deletion of amino acid residues 103-173 and 324-443 bound to heparin as well as full-length giii, whereas a mutant with residues 172-337 deleted showed no binding to heparin. in ano ... | 1994 | 8129625 |
| oral therapy with human interferon alpha in calves experimentally injected with infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus. | fifty-six calves, seronegative for infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (ibr) virus, were randomly divided into 7 equal groups (n = 8) and given 0.0, 0.05, 0.50, or 5.00 international units (iu) of natural or recombinant human interferon alpha per kg body weight (nhuifn-alpha or rhuifn-alpha, respectively) orally once daily for 4 consecutive days, starting 2 days before intranasal inoculation with virulent ibr virus. calves given 0.05 iu nhuifn-alpha/kg bwt had significantly greater weight gain at ... | 1993 | 8129561 |
| characterization of the bovine herpesvirus 1 homolog of the herpes simplex virus 1 ul24 open reading frame. | an open reading frame (orf) of 293 codons which partially overlaps the bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv1) thymidine kinase (tk) orf in a head-to-head orientation has been identified by nucleotide sequence analysis. the predicted amino acid sequence of this orf exhibits an overall identity of 38.1% with that of the herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv1) ul24 orf as well as an 80.7% identity with the 57-amino-acid consensus sequence found in the ul24-like orfs of eight herpesviruses (jacobson et al., j. viro ... | 1994 | 8128626 |
| the complete dna sequence and the genetic organization of the short unique region (us) of the bovine herpesvirus type 1 (st strain). | the dna sequence of bovine herpesvirus type 1 (bhv-1) st strain (bhv-1.2 subtype) entire unique short (us) region and part of adjacent flanking sequences of the inverted repeats was determined. the bhv-1 st us region is 9745 bp in size and has a 70.5% g + c content. eight potential open reading frames (orfs) longer than 100 amino acids and designated orf1 to orf8 were identified on this sequence. seven of these had counterparts in the us of herpes simplex type 1 (hsv-1), pseudorabies virus (prv) ... | 1994 | 8122370 |
| prevention of pathophysiologic and immunomodulatory effects of gastrointestinal nematodiasis in calves by use of strategic anthelmintic treatments. | effects of strategic anthelmintic treatment on pathophysiologic and immunomologic changes induced by infection with ostertagia ostertagi and cooperia oncophora were studied in 2 groups, of 12 calves each: an infected group, inoculated with 200,000 mixed o ostertagi and c oncophora third-stage larvae (l3) on day 1; and an infected-treated group, similarly inoculated, but treated with ivermectin at 9 and 33 days. all calves were also inoculated at 12 weeks with brucella abortus vaccine, at 13 week ... | 1993 | 8116936 |
| detection of bovine herpesvirus 1 with various types of dna probes. | the method of dot-blot hybridization on nitrocellulose filters by various types of dna probes (ds recombinant plasmids, ss recombinant m13 phages and a 42bp synthetic oligonucleotide) was used for bhv-1 detection. the highest sensitivity was achieved with the 32p-pur1 probe (1.8 kb random ecori-hindiii fragment inserted into puc9) which detected the bhv-1 genome in 5 x 10(3) infected mdbk cells. using the pur1 probe, no cross hybridization was observed with other herpesviruses: bhv-2, 3, 4, and ... | 1993 | 8116497 |
| restriction endonuclease analysis of hungarian bovine herpesvirus isolates from different clinical forms of ibr, ipv and encephalitis. | the dna of thirty-three hungarian bovine herpesvirus isolates originating from cattle with various clinical symptoms were compared by restriction endonuclease analysis using hindiii, ecori and bsteii enzymes. the ecori and hindiii cleavage patterns were similar to those of isolates studied in other countries. based on the cleavage patterns, the hungarian isolates could be assorted into groups and subgroups according to the classification system proposed by metzler et al. (1985, 1986). based on a ... | 1993 | 8116495 |
| bovine herpesvirus 1 giv-expressing cells resist virus penetration. | the interaction of bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) with the bhv-1 glycoprotein iv (giv)-expressing cell line d1-1 was examined by radiolabelled virus adsorption assays, in situ autoradiography and electron microscopy. adsorption of radiolabelled bhv-1 to d1-1 cells was similar to that observed in control cell lines but in situ radiography revealed that virus moved to the nucleus of control but not the giv-expressing cells. electron microscopy studies showed that bhv-1 attached to the cell membranes ... | 1994 | 8113725 |
| proteolytic cleavage of bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) glycoprotein gb is not necessary for its function in bhv-1 or pseudorabies virus. | glycoprotein b homologs represent the most highly conserved group of herpesvirus glycoproteins. they exist in oligomeric forms based on a dimeric structure. despite the high degree of sequence and structural conservation, differences in posttranslational processing are observed. whereas gb of herpes simplex virus is not proteolytically processed after oligomerization, most other gb homologs are cleaved by a cellular protease into subunits that remain linked via disulfide bonds. proteolytic cleav ... | 1994 | 8107227 |
| large-scale production of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus in cell culture on microcarriers. | large amounts of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (ibr) virus was produced in madin-darby bovine kidney (mdbk) cells in suspension culture on the microcarriers gelaspher m. virus yields (tcid50 per ml) were approximately 10-times higher as compared to classical stationary cell culture. | 1993 | 8105653 |
| large and small subunits of the aujeszky's disease virus ribonucleotide reductase: nucleotide sequence and putative structure. | we determined the entire dna sequence of two adjacent open reading frames of aujeszky's disease virus encoding ribonucleotide reductase genes with the intergenic sequence of 9 bp. from the sequence analysis we deduce that orfs encode large and small subunits, with sizes of 835 and 303 amino acids, respectively. amino acid sequence comparison of adv rr2 with that of equine herpesvirus type 1, bovine herpesvirus type 1, hsv-1 and varicella zoster virus revealed that 48% of amino acids represent cl ... | 1994 | 8086454 |
| a glycoprotein e deletion mutant of bovine herpesvirus 1 is avirulent in calves. | a marker vaccine elicits an antibody response in the host that can be distinguished from the antibody response induced by a wild-type strain. to obtain a bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) marker vaccine, we constructed a glycoprotein e (ge) deletion mutant. this was obtained by removing the complete ge coding region from the bhv-1 genome. to attenuate the ge deletion mutant further, we also introduced a small deletion in the thymidine kinase (tk) gene. we selected three mutants: the ge deletion mutan ... | 1994 | 8077929 |
| identification of a putative cellular receptor for bovine herpesvirus 1. | recognition of a host cell receptor by a virus is the first and perhaps the most crucial step in initiating the disease process. this study was undertaken to identify the cellular receptor(s) for bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1). previously, we reported the development and characterization of bovine anti-idiotypic antibodies (anti-ids) that induce neutralizing antibodies to bhv-1. these anti-ids inhibit bhv-1 penetration of permissive cells. we have used these anti-ids, which mimic an epitope on the ... | 1994 | 8077928 |
| fatal, generalized bovine herpesvirus type-1 infection associated with a modified-live infectious bovine rhinotracheitis parainfluenza-3 vaccine administered to neonatal calves. | generalized bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) infection was diagnosed in six salers calves from the same herd. the calves had received an intramuscular injection of modified-live infectious bovine rhinotracheitis parainfluenza-3 vaccine between birth and three days of age. the purpose of this study was to determine if the outbreak was associated with the vaccine strain of bhv-1. analysis of epidemiological data and bhv-1 dna for restriction fragment length polymorphism was undertaken. multifocal necr ... | 1994 | 8076277 |
| influence of triiodothyronine injections on calf immune response to an infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus challenge and nitrogen balance of lambs. | three experiments were conducted to determine the influence of triiodothyronine (t3) or propylthiouracil (ptu) on the humoral immune response of calves challenged with infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (ibrv) and on nitrogen depletion and repletion of lambs deprived of feed and water for 3 d. in exp. 1, 18 steer calves (bw 284 +/- 6 kg) challenged with ibrv were limit-fed (1.5% bw) a 60% concentrate diet and injected (s.c.) daily with alkaline saline, .4 mg of t3, or .8 mg of t3. injection ... | 1994 | 8056673 |
| characterization of a replicating and packaged defective rna of avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus. | the beaudette strain of ibv was passaged 16 times in chick kidney cells. total cellular rna was analyzed by northern hybridization and was probed with 32p-labeled cdna probes corresponding to the first 2 kb of the 5' end of the genome, but excluding the leader, and to the last 1.8 kb of the 3' end of the genome. a new, defective ibv rna species (cd-91) was detected at passage 6. the defective rna, present in total cell extract rna and in oligo-(dt)30-selected rna from passage 15, was amplified b ... | 1994 | 8053152 |
| experimental infection of neonatal calves with neurovirulent bovine herpesvirus type 1.3. | a type of bovine herpesvirus, bhv-1.3, causes encephalitis in calves, whereas bhv-1.1 causes respiratory disease. three colostrum-deprived calves and two colostrum-fed calves were inoculated with bhv-1.3 by intranasal aerosolization. two colostrum-deprived calves were inoculated with bhv-1.1 by intranasal aerosolization. bhv-1.3-inoculated calves demonstrated severe encephalitis with minimal respiratory lesions, and bhv-1.1-inoculated calves demonstrated severe respiratory lesions and no clinica ... | 1994 | 8053131 |
| protein and dna elements involved in transactivation of the promoter of the bovine herpesvirus (bhv) 1 ie-1 transcription unit by the bhv alpha gene trans-inducing factor. | in herpes simplex virus (hsv)-infected cells, the transcription of immediate-early (alpha) genes is regulated by a virion component, the alpha gene trans-inducing factor (alpha tif). this protein forms a complex with cellular factors and taatgarat motifs present in one or more copies in the promoters of all alpha genes. we have characterized the bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) homolog of this protein. like its hsv counterpart, the bhv alpha tif was synthesized in the later stages of infection and c ... | 1994 | 8035488 |
| a gd homologous gene of feline herpesvirus type 1 encodes a hemagglutinin (gp60). | a gene-encoding glycoprotein d (gd) homologue of feline herpesvirus type 1 (fhv-1) was identified and sequenced. it was located within an ecori 4.3-kbp fragment in the middle of the unique short region. the primary translation product of the gd homologous gene is predicted to consist of 374 amino acids with a molecular weight (mw) of 43.2 kda. comparative analysis among gd counterparts of other herpesviruses revealed that six cysteine residues which correlate with disulfide bond structure were c ... | 1994 | 8030205 |
| a conventionally attenuated glycoprotein e-negative strain of bovine herpesvirus type 1 is an efficacious and safe vaccine. | we examined the vaccine properties of a conventionally attenuated bovine herpesvirus type 1 (bhv-1) mutant strain a. this strain has a deletion that encompasses the glycoprotein e gene and may therefore be used as a marker vaccine. we compared strain a with a commercial live bhv-1 vaccine b. calves were intranasally vaccinated with strain a or with vaccine b. strain a was virtually avirulent for young calves. after challenge, vaccinated calves were protected against disease and virus shedding wa ... | 1994 | 8023552 |