Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| a highly conserved region of the sendai virus nucleocapsid protein contributes to the np-np binding domain. | the nucleocapsid protein (np) of sendai virus is an essential component of both the nucleocapsid template and the np-np and np0-p protein complexes required for viral rna replication. when expressed alone in mammalian cells np self-assembles into nucleocapsid-like particles which appear to contain cellular rna. to identify putative np-np binding domains, fusions between the monomeric maltose-binding protein (mbp) and portions of np were constructed. the fusion proteins which contain the central ... | 1997 | 9126246 |
| [untold part of my sendai virus research]. | 1996 | 9123890 | |
| [development of in vivo gene transfer methods towards future gene therapy]. | more than 100 protocols have been proposed for human gene therapy in the united states, but no effective results have been reported in the gene therapy field. this failure in gene therapy mainly results from the lack of effective gene transfer vectors. as far as somatic gene therapy is concerned, it will be very hard to control systemic disorders even after a much more powerful vector system is developed. however, local disorders will be able to be better regulated by gene therapy. in this regar ... | 1997 | 9121006 |
| novel gene delivery to liver cells using engineered virosomes. | we have demonstrated for the first time that the reconstituted sendai viral envelopes containing only the fusion protein (f-virosomes) are efficient vehicles for the delivery of foreign genes specifically into human hepatoblastoma cells (hepg2) in culture. the membrane fusion-mediated entry of cat (chloramphenicol acetyl transferase) gene into the cells was confirmed and the amount delivered to various subcellular fractions was quantitated. the dose dependence and kinetics of expression of biolo ... | 1997 | 9119056 |
| hepatocellular necrosis associated with the subcutaneous injection of an intranasal bordetella bronchiseptica-canine parainfluenza vaccine. | a three-year-old wire fox terrier inadvertently was given an intranasal bordetella bronchiseptica and canine parainfluenza vaccine subcutaneously. the dog subsequently developed both a local inflammatory reaction at the injection site and acute, nonseptic hepatocellular degeneration and necrosis. the patient was treated successfully with intravenous fluids and amikacin. two months after the injection, the serum bile acid concentrations and hepatic histopathology indicated the presence of continu ... | 1997 | 9111722 |
| gene transfer into the glomerulus by the hemagglutinating virus of japan-liposome method. | 1997 | 9108992 | |
| study of the antiviral activity of some new classes of as-triazine derivatives (preliminary note). | the inhibitory activity exerted by some derivatives with an asymmetrical triazine structure on the multiplication of certain viruses [parainfluenza type 1 sendai virus, vesicular stomatitis virus, (vsv) herpes simplex type 1 virus (hsv)] was determined: the role of coupling with ribose and that of substitution by halogens on the lateral chain was pointed out. | 1995 | 9106401 |
| human mucus protease inhibitor in airway fluids is a potential defensive compound against infection with influenza a and sendai viruses. | tryptase clara, a trypsin-like protease localized exclusively in and secreted from clara cells to the bronchial epithelium of rat, proteolytically activates the infectivity of influenza a virus [h. kido, y. yokogoshi, k. sakai, m. tashiro, y. kishino, a. fukutomi, and n. katunuma (1992) j. biol. chem. 267, 13573-13579]. we report here that human mucus protease inhibitor (mpi), a major inhibitor of granulocyte elastase in the lining fluids of the human respiratory tract, significantly inhibited p ... | 1997 | 9089405 |
| standardization of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas) for quantitative estimation of antibodies specific for infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus, respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenza-3 virus, and bovine viral diarrhea virus. | commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas) for detection of serum antibodies to bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv), parainfluenza-3 virus (pi3v), respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), and infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (ibrv) were standardized to give a quantitative result when testing was performed at a single optimum dilution. for each test, serum samples were titrated and their end point titers calculated by an algebraic method directly from a plot of each titration series a ... | 1997 | 9087921 |
| a comparative study on the use of virus and antibody detection techniques for the diagnosis of la piedad michoacan paramyxovirus (lpmv) infection in pigs. | la piedad michoacan paramyxovirus (lpmv) is newly recognized paramyxovirus that has been associated with neurologic and reproductive disorders in pigs in mexico. to date, no comparative study of methods for the diagnosis of infection with this virus has been published. in this study, we identified tissues containing maximum virus load to optimize virus isolation procedures, and we compared this method to a rapid diagnostic test employing immunostaining of impression smears for lpmv antigens. in ... | 1997 | 9087918 |
| survival of grafts of genetically modified cardiac myocytes transfected with fitc-labeled oligodeoxynucleotides and the beta-galactosidase gene in the noninfarcted area, but not the myocardial infarcted area. | since one of the attractions of gene therapy in the heart is the implantation of genetically modified cultured cells, we employed genetically modified myocytes transfected with fitc-labeled oligodeoxynucleotides (odn) and beta-galactosidase gene in this study, to investigate the cellular localization and fate of grafted myocytes in the heart. in addition, we examined the feasibility of myocytes grafting into a myocardial infarction model. delivery of fitc-labeled odn with the hvj-liposome method ... | 1997 | 9081702 |
| efficient gene transfer method into the whole heart through the coronary artery with hemagglutinating virus of japan liposome. | to confirm gene transfer techniques especially into the whole heart, we tried out a gene transfer method involving liposome with the viral envelope hemagglutinating virus of japan liposome as an alternative to existing techniques such as cationic lipofection or other viral vectors. | 1997 | 9081096 |
| genes play a part in protecting the heart--a bit of poetic license. | 1997 | 9081095 | |
| suppression of enveloped virus production with a substance from silkworm faeces. | in the course of investigating effective biological active substances, we detected a substance in an extract of silkworm faeces that markedly suppresses viral production. the extract, prepared with hot phosphate-buffered saline and purified with ammonium sulfate precipitation, inhibited hvj (sendai virus), hsv (herpes simplex virus type-1), and hiv (human immunodeficiency virus type-1), but not poliovirus, suggesting that it is effective on enveloped virus production but not on non-enveloped one ... | 1996 | 9078408 |
| initiation of sendai virus multiplication from transfected cdna or rna with negative or positive sense. | the mononegavirus superfamily (mononegavirales) comprises three families, rhabdoviridae, paramyxoviridae and filoviridae. these viruses possess a single stranded negative sense rna as the genome. recent success in the recovery of infectious virus from a transfected cdna of mononegaviruses including sendai virus, a prototypic paramyxovirus, is opening the possibility of their genetic engineering. however, infectious viruses have been recovered only by initiating the infectious cycle with cdna dir ... | 1996 | 9078386 |
| in vivo transfer efficiency of antisense oligonucleotides into the myocardium using hvj-liposome method. | although antisense strategy has been at the center of interest in gene therapy, little is known about application of this strategy to cardiac diseases because of the lack of a suitable delivery method into the heart. therefore, we compared the transfection efficiency of antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (odn) using hvj-liposome method and direct transfer in in vivo transfer into heart. to investigate the cellular fate and localization of odn, transfer of "naked" fitc-labeled antisense odn or odn e ... | 1997 | 9070840 |
| serological survey for antibodies to infectious agents in beef cattle in northern south australia. | 1997 | 9066974 | |
| protective effect of mucosal administration of recombinant human macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rhm-csf) on mucosal infection of sendai virus in mice. | we investigated the protection confered by the mucosal administration of recombinant human macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rhm-csf) against mucosal infection of sendai virus in mice. in an experimental infection model using sendai virus, an intranasal (i.n.) administration of rhm-csf (20 micrograms per mouse) 2 days before injection induced significant protection against a lethal infection of this virus. also, its antiviral activity was dependent upon the dose of rhm-csf. however, a subcut ... | 1997 | 9041671 |
| computation of the binding of fully flexible peptides to proteins with flexible side chains. | docking algorithms play an important role in the process of rational drug design and in understanding the mechanism of molecular recognition. an important determinant for successful docking is the extent to which the configurational space (including conformational changes) of the ligand/receptor system is searched. here we describe a new, combinatorial method for flexible docking of peptides to proteins that allows full rotation around all single bonds of the peptide ligand and around those of a ... | 1997 | 9039959 |
| the paramyxovirus, sendai virus, v protein encodes a luxury function required for viral pathogenesis. | the sendai virus (sev) v protein is characterized by the unique cysteine-rich domain in its carboxy-terminal half which is fused to the amino-terminal half of the p protein, but its function has remained enigmatic. the v protein-directing mrna is generated by a remarkable process known as mrna editing involving the pseudotemplated addition of a single g residue at a specific septinucleotide locus in the p gene, whereas the unedited exact copy encodes the p protein. here, we introduced two nucleo ... | 1997 | 9034340 |
| modification of the sendai virus-specific antibody and cd8+ t-cell responses in mice homozygous for disruption of the interleukin-4 gene. | homozygous disruption (-/-) of the interleukin-4 (il-4) gene did not obviously modify the severity of sendai virus infection in the highly susceptible 129/j mouse strain. the virus was cleared from the respiratory tract, and potent cytotoxic t lymphocyte (ctl) effectors were present in the cell population recovered by bronchoalveolar lavage. however, the prevalence of virus-specific ctl precursors (p) was consistently diminished in the spleen and regional lymph nodes of the il-4 -/- mice at day ... | 1997 | 9032393 |
| a multivalent minigene vaccine, containing b-cell, cytotoxic t-lymphocyte, and th epitopes from several microbes, induces appropriate responses in vivo and confers protection against more than one pathogen. | the development of safe and effective vaccines remains a major goal in the prevention, and perhaps treatment, of infectious diseases. ideally, a single vaccine would confer protection against several pathogens and would induce both cellular and humoral arms of the immune response. we originally demonstrated that two virus-specific cytotoxic t-lymphocyte (ctl) epitopes, from the same virus but presented by different major histocompatibility complex alleles, when linked in tandem as minigenes in a ... | 1997 | 9032365 |
| the cytotoxic t-lymphocyte response to sendai virus is unimpaired in the absence of gamma interferon. | sendai virus is eliminated from the respiratory tract of gamma interferon (ifn-gamma) -/- balb/c mice with normal kinetics. the level of virus-specific cytotoxic t-lymphocyte (ctl) activity in the cell population recovered by bronchoalveolar lavage is unimpaired, the prevalence of interleukin-4 (il-4)-producing cells is increased, and the titers of virus-specific immunoglobulins igg1 and igg2b are higher in the ifn-gamma -/- mice. the emergence of this t-helper 2 response profile in both lymphoi ... | 1997 | 9032321 |
| normal cellular replication of sendai virus without the trans-frame, nonstructural v protein. | the sendai virus v protein is a nonstructural trans-frame protein in which a highly conserved cys-rich zn2+-binding domain is fused to the n-terminal half of the p protein via mrna editing. using a recently developed system in which infectious virus is recovered from cdna, we have engineered a virus in which a translation stop codon was placed at the beginning of the v orf. translation of the v(stop) mrna yields a w-like protein, i.e., a protein composed of the n-terminal half of the p protein a ... | 1997 | 9024809 |
| in vivo transfer of a foreign gene to keratinocytes using the hemagglutinating virus of japan-liposome method. | the hemagglutinating virus of japan (hvj)-liposome method involves the entrapment of dna and nuclear protein within liposomes and the use of hvj to enhance liposome fusion with cell membranes. this method has been used successfully for in vivo gene transfer to various types of tissue. in this study, we investigated whether this method transfers genes effectively to normal and malignantly transformed keratinocytes in vivo. we applied hvj-liposome complex (hlc) containing the beta-galactosidase ge ... | 1997 | 9008233 |
| loss of gsh, oxidative stress, and decrease of intracellular ph as sequential steps in viral infection. | madin-darby canine kidney cells infected with sendai virus rapidly lose gsh without increase in the oxidized products. the reduced tripeptide was quantitatively recovered in the culture medium of the cells. since the gsh loss in infected cells was not blocked by methionine, a known inhibitor of hepatocyte gsh transport, a nonspecific leakage through the plasma membrane is proposed. uv-irradiated sendai virus gave the same results, confirming that the major loss of gsh was due to membrane perturb ... | 1997 | 9006907 |
| isolation of viruses from clinical specimens in microtitre plates with cells inoculated in suspension. | virus isolation is essential for the provision of a full diagnostic virology service. present methods are time consuming, expensive and relatively inflexible for routine use. our objective was to audit our existing virus isolation system and to develop a sensitive, flexible virus isolation system which could be adapted for use in a busy routine laboratory which is required to provide a service for a wide range of clinical situations. we carried out a pilot study which compared conventional rolle ... | 1996 | 9002075 |
| efficient hammerhead ribozymes targeted to the polycistronic sendai virus p/c mrna. structure-function relationships. | the sendai virus polycistronic p/c mrna encodes the p and c proteins from alternate overlapping reading frames. to determine the functions of these proteins in virus replication, hammerhead ribozymes were targeted to cleave the 5'-untranslated region of the p/c mrna. both cell-free and intracellular assays were employed to determine ribozyme efficacy. to appropriately compare activities between cell-free and intracellular assays, identical ribozymes were synthesized in vitro as well as expressed ... | 1997 | 8999815 |
| an amino-terminal domain of the sendai virus nucleocapsid protein is required for template function in viral rna synthesis. | the nucleocapsid protein (np) of sendai virus encapsidates the genome rna, forming a helical nucleocapsid which is the template for rna synthesis by the viral rna polymerase. the np protein is thought to have both structural and functional roles, since it is an essential component of the np0-p (p, phosphoprotein), np-np, nucleocapsid-polymerase, and rna-np complexes required during viral rna replication. to identify domains in the np protein, mutants were constructed by using clustered charge-to ... | 1997 | 8995608 |
| development of a replication-deficient recombinant vaccinia virus vaccine effective against parainfluenza virus 3 infection in an animal model. | the highly attenuated, replication-deficient, modified vaccinia virus ankara (mva) was used to express the fusion (f) and/or hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (hn) glycoproteins of parainfluenza virus 3 (piv3). initial recombinant viruses in which the hn gene was regulated by a very strong synthetic earlyllate promoter replicated poorly in permissive chick embryo cells evidently due to toxic levels of the gene product. this result led us to construct and evaluate a modified earlyllate promoter derived ... | 1996 | 8994321 |
| modulating the expression of some biological membrane glycoconjugates by a nocardia opaca fraction. | by some hemagglutination (ha) studies it was proved that nld (the lysozyme digest fraction of nocardia opaca) interacts with the sendai virus envelope glycoproteic receptors, but not with those of the beijing 353/89 h3n2) influenza virus. very likely the inhibition is due to the presence of some gal lectins in nld: the erythrocytes agglutinability (by the sendai virus and by the beijing 353/89 h3n2) influenza virus is enhanced by their incubation with galactose. | 1995 | 8993122 |
| protection of mice from respiratory sendai virus infections by recombinant vaccinia viruses. | mechanisms of protection of mice from sendai virus, which is exclusively pneumotropic and causes a typical respiratory disease, by immunization with recombinant vaccinia viruses (rvvs) were investigated. although the rvv carrying a hemagglutinin-neuraminidase gene of sendai virus (vac-hn) propagated in the noses and lungs of mice by either intranasal (i.n.) or intraperitoneal (i.p.) inoculation, no vaccinia virus antigens were detected in the mucosal layer of upper and lower airways of the i.p.- ... | 1997 | 8985426 |
| association of the parainfluenza virus fusion and hemagglutinin-neuraminidase glycoproteins on cell surfaces. | we previously observed that cell fusion caused by human parainfluenza virus type 2 or type 3 requires the expression of both the fusion (f) and hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (hn) glycoproteins from the same virus type, indicating that a type-specific interaction between f and hn is needed for the induction of cell fusion. in the present study we have further investigated the fusion properties of f and hn proteins of parainfluenza virus type 1 (pi1), type 2 (pi2), and type 3 (pi3), sendai virus (sn ... | 1997 | 8985396 |
| inflammatory infiltration of the upper airway epithelium during sendai virus infection: involvement of epithelial dendritic cells. | we undertook the present study to determine the nature of the cellular inflammatory response within the epithelial lining of the rat trachea during a sendai virus infection. in particular, we aimed to investigate changes in the resident population of epithelial dendritic cells. rats were infected with sendai virus, and tracheal tissue was examined immunohistochemically at various times with a panel of cell-specific monoclonal antibodies. we found that sendai virus infection was restricted to onl ... | 1997 | 8985342 |
| further search for small molecular inactivants capable of eliciting respiratory mucosal immunogenicity by modifying sendai virus core rna. | five groups of 32 chemicals were examined regarding their immunological functions as modifier inactivants to make inactivated sendai nasal vaccine using a contact exposure experiment, direct immunofluorescent method, and serum hi titer. (1) five of the nine reactive groups of reactive dyes (2-chloropyridine, 2, 4, 6-trichloropyrimidine, vinylsulfonic acid, epichlorohydrin and beta-chloroethylamine) induced complete or almost complete defense in the entire respiratory tract, and the four other va ... | 1996 | 8981350 |
| isolation of paramyxovirus serotype 7 from ostriches (struthio camelus). | paramyxovirus serotype 7 (pmv-7) was isolated from pooled intestinal contents of two 5-month-old ostriches (struthio camelus). the pathogenicity of the virus was comparable with lentogenic strains of newcastle disease virus (pmv-1) in chicken and chicken embryo pathogenicity tests. the relationship of the virus to the observed pathology of proliferative nonsuppurative enteritis is unknown; the campylobacter jejuni isolated was presumably the primary pathogen. to our knowledge, this is the first ... | 1996 | 8980831 |
| dendritic cells are recruited into the airway epithelium during the inflammatory response to a broad spectrum of stimuli. | a key rate-limiting step in the adaptive immune response at peripheral challenge sites is the transmission of antigen signals to t cells in regional lymph nodes. recent evidence suggests that specialized dendritic cells (dc) fulfill this surveillance function in the resting state, but their relatively slow turnover in most peripheral tissues brings into question their effectiveness in signaling the arrival of highly pathogenic sources of antigen which require immediate mobilization of the full r ... | 1996 | 8976199 |
| mhc class i phenotype and function of human beta 2-microglobulin transgenic murine lymphocytes. | lymphoid cells from beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2m) knockout mice transgenic for human (h) beta 2m (c57bl/10 m beta 2m-/h beta 2m+) were compared with normal mice for their binding to exogenously added h beta 2m, binding to a h-2db peptide and for functional activity in a one-way allogenic mlc. based on data from cellular binding studies, scatchard analyses and flow cytometry, it is concluded that exogenous h beta 2m does not bind to hybrid mhc class i (mhc-i) molecules composed of mouse heavy ch ... | 1996 | 8972744 |
| parainfluenza virus-induced persistence of airway inflammation, fibrosis, and dysfunction associated with tgf-beta 1 expression in brown norway rats. | parainfluenza type 1 (sendai) virus infection in young rats induces airway growth abnormalities associated with persistent pulmonary dysfunction and hyperresponsiveness. the objectives of this study were to compare virus-susceptible brown norway (bn) rats and virus-resistant f344 rats and to determine which of several virus-induced structural abnormalities, including bronchiolar hypoplasia, alveolar dysplasia, bronchiolar mural fibrosis, and increases in bronchiolar mast cells, were associated w ... | 1996 | 8970378 |
| isolation of a lymphocyte chemotactic factor produced by the murine thymic epithelial cell line mtec1: identification as a 30 kda glycosylated form of mcp-1. | a medullary-type murine thymic epithelial cell line (mtec1) established in our laboratory constitutively produces multiple species of chemotactic factors, which attract lymphocytes, neutrophils, and monocytes. chemotactic proteins were isolated from mtec1 supernatant and purified to homogeneity by adsorption to controlled pore glass, heparin-sepharose chromatography, cation-exchange fplc and rp-hplc. a chemotactic factor for both lymphocytes and monocytes was identified as a 30 kda protein by sd ... | 1996 | 8954181 |
| a sequential study of experimental porcine paramyxovirus (lpmv) infection of pigs: immunostaining of cryostat sections and virus isolation. | la piedad michoacan paramyxovirus (lpmv) is a recently recognized paramyxovirus infecting pigs throughout mexico. disease syndromes observed in field cases associated with lpmv infection include neurologic, respiratory, and reproductive disorders. clinical signs and the distribution of lpmv virus and antigen in tissue samples from pigs experimentally infected with lpmv by natural routes were studied. severe neurologic disease and death occurred following experimental inoculation of 3- and 17-day ... | 1996 | 8953523 |
| efficient oligonucleotide delivery using the hvj-liposome method in the central nervous system. | we examined the efficiency and intracellular fate of oligodeoxy-nucleotides (odn) in the central nervous system (cns) after delivery with a hemagglutinating virus of japan (hvj)-liposome vector in vivo and in vitro. in primary cultured granular cells of the rat cerebellum, application of fluorescein isothiocyanate (fitc)-labeled odn complexed with hvj-liposomes in vitro resulted in strong fluorescence localized in nuclei that persisted for > or = 2 wk, in contrast to 3 days with odn alone. in vi ... | 1996 | 8945956 |
| cocaine increases sendai virus replication in cultured epithelial cells: critical role of the intracellular redox status. | cocaine was found to increase parainfluenza-1 sendai virus (sv) replication in madin darby canine kidney (mdck) cells. its effect was maximal when it was added before sv infection, while practically no effect was observed when cocaine was added at the time of or after infection. enhanced sv replication was associated with increased viral protein expression. cocaine also greatly reduced the intracellular level of glutathione (gsh), namely the most abundant cell thiol with antioxidant functions, r ... | 1996 | 8920954 |
| differential sensitivity of two related viruses, newcastle disease virus and sendai virus, to interferon in mouse had-2 cells: selective inhibition of translation of ndv mrna. | had-2, a mouse mutant cell line derived from fm3a, constitutively releases interferon-alpha and beta and acquires resistance to newcastle disease virus (ndv) and other viruses. however, had-2 was found as susceptible to sendai virus (hvj) as fm3a. even when had-2 cells were infected simultaneously with ndv and hvj, only the replication of ndv was inhibited, while that of hvj was not. northern blot hybridization analysis indicated that accumulation of ndv-specific primary transcripts was somewhat ... | 1996 | 8920820 |
| the efficiency of sendai virus genome replication: the importance of the rna primary sequence independent of terminal complementarity. | from the cdnas of two defective rnas naturally exhibiting a large difference in replication efficiency, a series of sendai virus rna chimeras were constructed by reciprocal exchanges of their 3' end primary sequences. using a reverse genetics system, the ability of these rnas to replicate when expressed from cdnas in the context of the viral proteins n, p, and l, also expressed from plasmids, was analyzed. first the extent of potential rna 3'/5' end complementarity was tested by disrupting and r ... | 1996 | 8918543 |
| [development of non-viral gene delivery system and its applications]. | non-viral gene transfer methods have been developed as well as viral vectors toward gene therapy and in vivo analysis of diseases. among non-viral vectors, cationic liposome-mediated gene transfer is well-established and widely used, but still inefficient for in vivo gene delivery. we developed a nobel liposome using fusion proteins of hvj (sendai virus) and nuclear protein, hmg 1. using this delivery system, we succeeded in inducing glomerulosclerosis and lung fibrosis in rat, developed several ... | 1996 | 8914452 |
| t cell responses to the paramyxovirus simian virus 5: studies in multiple sclerosis and normal populations. | a recent study suggested that a significant portion of the oligoclonal igg found in multiple sclerosis (ms) cerebrospinal fluid may be removed by absorption with simian virus 5 (sv5). we have now evaluated the proliferative responses to sv5 generated by peripheral blood mononuclear cells from normal adult subjects and from patients with ms. positive responses were detected in 16 of 16 subjects in each group. the magnitude of the response was not significantly different in the two groups. there w ... | 1996 | 8910921 |
| serologic evidence for the presence in pteropus bats of a paramyxovirus related to equine morbillivirus. | 1996 | 8903239 | |
| common viral infections of the eye. | 1996 | 8902865 | |
| chemokines in viral disease. | chemokines or chemotactic cytokines are small peptide molecules involved in the recruitment of leukocytes to sites of infection. this article reviews recent research investigating the interaction between chemokines and viral infection. there is considerable evidence from cellular studies showing that both respiratory epithelium and recruited neutrophils contribute to the chemokine response in paramyxovirus infection. we have shown that plasma concentrations of il8, a neutrophil and t-cell chemoa ... | 1996 | 8901432 |
| sero-surveying wildlife: a needle in a haystack? | 1996 | 8894047 | |
| positive and negative host factors for sendai virus transcription and their organ distribution in rat. | in vitro mrna synthesis by sendai virus is almost entirely dependent on the addition of cellular proteins (positive host factors), one of which could be tubulin. in this study, we investigated the distribution of host factors in various rat organs. extracts from the brain, thymus, heart, lung, testis, ovary, and uterus all supported in vitro sendai virus transcription, among which the highest activity was obtained with the brain extract. on the other hand, little or no activity was detected in t ... | 1996 | 8893786 |
| comparison of the proteins of bovine and ovine parainfluenza-3 viruses. | bovine and ovine parainfluenza-3 (pi-3) virus proteins were compared using polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies in western blot analysis. eight proteins ranging in molecular weight (mw) from 14 kd to 190 kd of bovine pi-3 virus were demonstrated in this study. the 14 kd mw protein has not been previously described for bovine pi-3 virus. western blot analysis of ovine pi-3 virus using homologous serum produced 7 bands ranging in mw from 12 kd to 190 kd described for the first time in this paper. ... | 1994 | 8891174 |
| viral infection enhances the response to saccharopolyspora rectivirgula in mice prechallenged with this farmer's lung antigen. | sendai viral infection enhances mice lung response to saccharopolyspora rectivirgula (sr). the mechanisms of this viral enhancement remain unclear. the present study was done to verify if the viral infection was required and if the presence of the viral infection needed to be given simultaneously with the sr antigen for the enhanced response to occur. in a first experiment groups of c57bl/6 mice were instilled concomitantly with sr and live or inactivated sendai virus. in a second experiment the ... | 1996 | 8887935 |
| rescue of sendai virus cdna templates with cdna clones expressing parainfluenza virus type 3 n, p and l proteins. | several years ago, we reported that a sendai virus (sev) defective genome (dih4uv) could be rescued in vivo with human parainfluenza virus type 1 (hpiv1) and bovine piv3 but not by measles virus or vesicular stomatitis virus. it was concluded that the cis-acting rna sequences were conserved within the sev/piv1/piv3 group but that interactions between the polymerase complex (p-l) and the template protein n were unique for each virus. we have re-examined these conclusions using proteins expressed ... | 1996 | 8887479 |
| influence of parainfluenza-1 respiratory tract viral infection on endothelin receptor-effector systems in mouse and rat tracheal smooth muscle. | 1. in this study we have compared the effects of parainfluenza-1 respiratory tract viral infection on the density and function of eta and etb receptors in rat and mouse tracheal airway smooth muscle. 2. the bronchoconstrictor effect of inhaled methacholine was significantly enhanced in virus-infected rats, at both 4 and 12 days post-inoculation. that is, the concentration of methacholine causing an increase in resistance of 100% (pc100 methacholine) was significantly lower in virus-infected anim ... | 1996 | 8886411 |
| serological survey for avian viruses in houbara bustards (chlamydotis undulata macqueenii). | 1996 | 8883351 | |
| rapid identification of respiratory viruses: impact on isolation practices and transmission among immunocompromised pediatric patients. | to determine whether empiric isolation of patients with acute respiratory virus infection symptoms could be discontinued when preliminary shell vial cultures were negative, and the impact of this approach on hospital resources. | 1996 | 8880230 |
| fusigenic viral liposome for gene therapy in cardiovascular diseases. | to improve the efficiency of liposome-mediated dna transfer as a tool for gene therapy, we have developed a fusigenic liposome vector based on principles of viral cell fusion. the fusion proteins of hemagglutinating virus of japan (hvj; also sendai virus) are complexed with liposomes that encapsulate oligodeoxynucleotide or plasmid dna. subsequent fusion of hvj-liposomes with plasma membranes introduces the dna directly into the cytoplasm. in addition, a dna-binding nuclear protein is incorporat ... | 1996 | 8876150 |
| partial characterization of a sendai virus replication promoter and the rule of six. | we have used a cdna copy of a natural, internally deleted, sendai virus defective interfering genome to study the effect of insertions and deletions (which maintain the hexamer genome length) on the ability of viral genomes to be amplified in a transfected cell system. the insertion of 18 nt at nt72 (in the 5' untranslated region of the n gene, just downstream of the le+ region) was found to be lethal, whereas similar insertions further from the genome ends were well tolerated. curiously, the in ... | 1996 | 8874501 |
| cellular proteases involved in the pathogenicity of enveloped animal viruses, human immunodeficiency virus, influenza virus a and sendai virus. | in enveloped viruses, post-translational proteolytic activation is a critical step for the fusion activity and thus for the infectivity of the virus. in addition to the membrane receptors for the viruses, proteolytic activation is indispensable for effective virus spread in the infected host and it is a prime determinant for pathogenicity. here we described the host cellular processing proteases, tryptase clara and tryptase tl2, which proteolytically activate the infectivity of influenza a and s ... | 1996 | 8869754 |
| failure to detect paramyxovirus rna in the skin of connective tissue disease. | etiology of connective tissue disease is unknown. the association of infectious agents has been suspected serologically, ultrastructurally and recently by means of molecular biological techniques. we extracted rna from lesions of 25 discoid lupus erythematosus, 9 systemic le, and 3 systemic sclerosis biopsies, and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was performed for all paramyxoviruses known to infect human beings. none of the samples yielded positive signal for any of the viruses. ... | 1996 | 8867770 |
| np:p and np:v interactions of the paramyxovirus simian virus 5 examined using a novel protein:protein capture assay. | using recombinant proteins extracted from mammalian cells, in a novel protein:protein binding assay, direct interaction of the nucleoprotein (np) of simian virus 5 with the phosphoprotein (p) and v protein (v) was demonstrated. the amount of np bound by v was found to be significantly less than that bound by p. furthermore, preabsorption of np with p removed the fraction of np that could be bound by v, but preabsorption of np with v did not remove all the np that could be bound by p. these resul ... | 1996 | 8862406 |
| cellular proteases involved in the pathogenicity of human immunodeficiency and influenza viruses. | 1996 | 8861016 | |
| evaluation of a live attenuated bovine parainfluenza type 3 vaccine in two- to six-month-old infants. | a safe and effective parainfluenza type 3 (piv-3) virus vaccine is needed to prevent serious piv-3-associated illness in infants younger than 6 months of age. in previous studies a live bovine piv-3 (bpiv-3) vaccine, which was developed to prevent human piv-3 (hpiv-3) disease, was shown to be safe, infectious, immunogenic and phenotypically stable in 6- to 36-month-old infants and children. | 1996 | 8858666 |
| inhibitory effect of pulmonary surfactant on sendai virus infection in rat lungs. | intranasal infection of rats with active (infectious) sendai virus enhances secretion of tryptase clara, a sendai virus-activating protease, into the bronchial lumen by clara cells of the bronchial epitheliums, and inversely suppresses secretion of pulmonary surfactant, an inhibitor of the protease, into the lumen [kido h et al. (1993) febs lett 322: 115-119]. a trypsin-resistant mutant, tr-2, showed similar effects, although its replication was restricted to a single cycle in the lungs. in cont ... | 1996 | 8856034 |
| paramyxovirus rna editing and the requirement for hexamer genome length. | paramyxoviruses cotranscriptionally edit their p gene mrna by the programmed insertion of g residues into a short g run contained within a larger purine run, via pseudo-templated transcription. the templates for paramyxovirus transcription are genome nucleocapsids in which each nucleoprotein subunit is associated with 6 nt, and only genomes whose lengths are multiples of 6 are found naturally or are replicated efficiently in transfected cell systems. we have examined the effect of varying total ... | 1996 | 8849779 |
| sequence analyses of human parainfluenza virus type 4a and type 4b fusion proteins. | cdnas encoding human parainfluenza virus type 4a and type 4b (hpiv-4a and -4b) fusion (f) proteins were cloned and sequenced. the predicted amino acid sequences of the f proteins had similar characteristic traits to those reported for the f proteins of other paramyxoviruses. they were more closely related to the f proteins of simian virus 5 (sv5), mumps virus (muv), hpiv-2 and newcastle disease virus (ndv) than to the f proteins of hpiv-1, hpiv-3, sendai virus (sv) and measles virus (mv). in add ... | 1995 | 8847531 |
| sendai virus-induced ifn-alpha production analysed by immunocytochemistry and computerized image analysis. | ifn-alpha production in sendai virus-stimulated human buffy coat cultures could readily be demonstrated in individual cells at a protein level by the use of a novel immuno-enzymatic staining procedure. a distinctive rounded, juxtanuclear staining pattern was generated in producer cells by the accumulation of the intracellularly synthesized ifn-alpha in the golgi stacks. the technology is based upon acquiring a video image of stained monolayers of cells, viewed in a microscope by a colour camera, ... | 1996 | 8845027 |
| fusigenic liposome-mediated dna transfer into cardiac myocytes. | current methods of gene transfer into cultured cardiac myocytes have serious limitations, including low efficiency, toxicity or constraints on dna insert size. the present study examined the effectiveness of hemagglutinating virus of japan (hvj) in promoting liposome-mediated dna transfer into cultured neonatal rat cardiac myocytes. fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled oligonucleotides (f-odn) or plasmid expression vectors encoding sv40 large t antigen (pactsvt) and beta-galactosidase (pact beta-g ... | 1996 | 8841927 |
| tumor necrosis factor-alpha production induced by viruses and by lipopolysaccharides in macrophages: similarities and differences. | tumor necrosis factor (tnf)-a gene expression can be induced primarily in cells of the monocyte-macrophage lineage by a variety of inducers, including lipopolysaccharides (lps), phorbol esters, ultraviolet (uv) light, and viruses. in this paper, we analyzed the regulatory mechanisms of tnf-alpha production induced by infection with the sendai" virus in raw 264.7 macrophages. we show that in these cells tnf-a synthesis results mainly from tnf-alpha mrna translational activation. using cat reporte ... | 1995 | 8832967 |
| influenza a and sendai viruses preferentially bind to fucosylated gangliosides with linear poly-n-acetyllactosaminyl chains from human granulocytes. | influenza a and sendai viruses are known to bind to various extent to neolacto-series gangliosides iv3neu5ac-nlcose4cer, iv6neu5ac-nlcose4cer, and vi3neu5ac-nlcose6cer, which are the dominant gangliosides of human granulocytes. recently, minor gangliosides of granulocytes were characterized and found to express sialyl lewis(x) and vim-2 epitopes. these long chain linear monosialogangliosides with nlcose8, and nlcose10, cores, carrying one to three fucoses, are shown in this study to bind with st ... | 1996 | 8823909 |
| characterization of paramyxoviruses isolated from three snakes. | multiple epizootics of pneumonia in captive snakes have been attributed to viruses which have been tentatively placed in the family paramyxoviridae. viruses isolated from an ill neotropical rattlesnake (crotalus durissus terrificus), from an aruba island rattlesnake (crotalus unicolor), and from a bush viper (atheris sp.) were propagated in vero cells and characterized. viral particles produced in vero cells were pleomorphic, enveloped, and contained helical nucleocapsids. the viruses were sensi ... | 1996 | 8822636 |
| rapid diagnosis of human parainfluenza virus type 1 infection by quantitative reverse transcription-pcr-enzyme hybridization assay. | the detection and quantitation of human parainfluenza virus type 1 (hpiv-1) rna in nasal wash specimens from 49 children with lower respiratory infections were performed by a reverse transcription-pcr-enzyme hybridization assay (rt-pcr-eha). the hpiv-1 rt-pcr-eha was then used to test 40 samples from asymptomatic children. primers and probes were designed from regions within the hpiv-1 hemagglutinin-neuraminidase gene which are highly conserved among all known genotypes. hpiv-1 was detected in a ... | 1996 | 8818880 |
| simultaneous rapid culture for four respiratory viruses in the same cell monolayer using a differential multicolored fluorescent confirmatory stain. | a simultaneous rapid culture for influenza virus types a and b, parainfluenza virus, and respiratory syncytial virus was developed in a 96-well plate format with a culture-confirmatory stain using multiple fluorescent tags. performance characteristics were comparable to those of standard and/or single rapid-culture methods as shown by parallel testing of 590 fresh clinical specimens and retrospective testing of 190 previously positive frozen specimens. the quadruple culture required less specime ... | 1996 | 8815086 |
| [molecular evolution of paramyxoviruses]. | 1996 | 8810571 | |
| comparisons of the f and hn gene sequences of different strains of bovine parainfluenza virus type 3: relationship to phenotype and pathogenicity. | the genes for the f and hn glycoprotein of a pathogenic field isolate of bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 (bpiv3) were isolated, converted to cdna, and sequenced using dideoxynucleotides. the resulting nucleotide sequences were converted to protein sequence and were compared to previously sequenced glycoprotein genes with amino acid differences in the glycoproteins of isolates expressing different phenotypes. the hn glycoprotein, involved in the attachment and release of the virus, and the f gl ... | 1996 | 8809388 |
| ifn-gamma enhances production of ifn-alpha in human macrophages but not in monocytes. | monocytes/macrophages are efficient producers of alpha interferons (ifn), and ifn-gamma is a potent activator of these cells. the present study sought to investigate whether ifn-alpha affects the capacity of human monocytes/macrophages to produce ifn-alpha on induction with sendai virus. plastic-adherent human peripheral blood monocytes were grown in the presence of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (gm-csf) for 3 weeks during which they were transformed into macrophages. at vario ... | 1996 | 8807500 |
| peptides corresponding to the heptad repeat sequence of human parainfluenza virus fusion protein are potent inhibitors of virus infection. | it has been suggested that a conserved heptad repeat region in paramyxovirus fusion (f) proteins is essential for viral fusion activity (buckland et al., 1992; sergel et al., 1994; reitter et al., 1995) we have studied synthetic peptides containing the heptad repeat regions derived from the f proteins of human parainfluenza virus type 2 (pl2) and type 3 (pl3) for their function as potential inhibitors of virus-induced cell fusion as well as their effects on spread of viral infection. two peptide ... | 1996 | 8806544 |
| the sendai virus v protein interacts with the np protein to regulate viral genome rna replication. | the interactions of sendai virus proteins required for viral rna synthesis have been characterized both by the yeast two-hybrid system and through the use of glutathione s-transferase (gst)-viral fusion proteins synthesized in mammalian cells. using the two-hybrid system we have confirmed the previously identified p-l (rna polymerase), npo-p (encapsidation substrate), and p-p complexes and now demonstrate np-np and npo-v protein interactions. expression of gstp and p proteins and binding to glut ... | 1996 | 8806522 |
| characterization of in vivo gene transfer into the arterial wall mediated by the sendai virus (hemagglutinating virus of japan) liposomes: an effective tool for the in vivo study of arterial diseases. | recently, much attention has been paid to the arterial gene transfer technique using several vector systems. in the present study, we experimentally examined the transfection efficiency of the exogenous gene, the duration of gene expression, and the cytotoxic effect of the hemagglutinating virus of japan (hvj) liposome on the intact arterial wall to evaluate its effectiveness for the study of arterial diseases. to evaluate the transfection efficiency and duration of gene expression, psv beta-gal ... | 1996 | 8804355 |
| respiratory infections of sheep. | sheep respiratory infections appear as differing clinical syndromes. mild, acute infections are usually due to parainfluenza 3 (pi3) virus. a mild but chronic respiratory problem in lambs under 1 year old is thought to be caused by mycoplasma ovipneumoniae probably in association with pasteurella and pi3. acute bacterial pneumonia usually results from infection with pasteurella of biotype a. infection with pi3 can initiate invasion by pasteurella. bordetella parapertussis infection has also been ... | 1996 | 8800542 |
| partial fusion activity of influenza virus toward liposomes and erythrocyte ghosts is distinct from viral inactivation. | final extents of fusion of influenza virus (a/pr/8/34 strain) with neutral and partially acidic liposomes were monitored with (i) a fluorescence resonance energy-transfer assay in which the liposomes were labeled and (ii) by the dequenching of octadecylrhodamine, initially incorporated in the viral membrane. the latter assay was also employed in the fusion of influenza virus and sendai virus with erythrocyte ghosts. in all cases, a phenomenon of partial fusion activity of the virus was observed, ... | 1996 | 8798621 |
| absence of paramyxo virus transcripts in juvenile paget bone disease. | 1996 | 8797127 | |
| in vivo gene transfer of insulin gene into neonatal rats by the hvj-liposome method resulted in sustained transgene expression. | in many areas of disease such as homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia, no known effective therapy exists. the time is ripe for the introduction of gene therapy for the management of incurable disorders. however, for clinical gene therapy it is necessary to establish an efficient and non toxic gene delivery system. recently, we have developed a gene delivery system mediated by sendai virus as a potential means of gene therapy. however, this hvj-liposome method has some disadvantages: (1) tran ... | 1996 | 8789796 |
| effect of mdp-lys(l18) as a mucosal immunoadjuvant on protection of mucosal infections by sendai virus and rotavirus. | to examine the effect of mdp-lys(l18), a derivative of muramyl dipeptide (mdp), as a mucosal immunoadjuvant, we investigated its activity to augment host resistance against mucosal infections by sendai virus and rotavirus in mice. in an experimental infection model using suckling mice (10-day-old) inoculated perorally (p.o.) with 1.5 x 10(6) p.f.u. mouse-1 of rotavirus strain sa11, intrarectal (i.r.) as well as p.o. administration of mdp-lys(l18) (50 micrograms mouse-1) prior to virus infection ... | 1996 | 8782344 |
| the sendai paramyxovirus accessory c proteins inhibit viral genome amplification in a promoter-specific fashion. | many paramyxoviruses express small basic c proteins, from an alternate, overlapping open reading frame of the p gene mrna, which were previously found to inhibit mrna synthesis. during recent experiments in which infectious sendai virus (sev) was recovered from cdna via the initial expression of the viral n, p, and l genes from plasmids, the abrogation of c protein expression from the plasmid p gene was found to be necessary for virus recovery. we have investigated the effect of c coexpression o ... | 1996 | 8764014 |
| down-regulation of paramyxovirus hemagglutinin-neuraminidase glycoprotein surface expression by a mutant fusion protein containing a retention signal for the endoplasmic reticulum. | the human parainfluenza virus type 3 (hpiv3) fusion (f) and hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (hn) glycoproteins are the principal components involved in virion receptor binding, membrane penetration, and ultimately, syncytium formation. while the requirement for both f and hn in this process has been determined from recombinant expression studies, stable physical association of these proteins in coimmunoprecipitation studies has not been observed. in addition, coexpression of other heterologous param ... | 1996 | 8764007 |
| a highly efficient procedure for site-specific mutagenesis of full-length plasmids using vent dna polymerase. | careful titration of vent polymerase activity allows efficient amplification of full-length plasmids (12 kb). the high processivity and fidelity of this enzyme made oligonucleotide-directed site-specific mutagenesis of plasmids a straight-forward process. using only two primers, a mutagenic and a complementary, single-base mutants of recombinant plasmids were obtained consistently with > 90% efficiency from a single round of pcr. this procedure also made site-specific deletion, insertion, and se ... | 1995 | 8750200 |
| diagnosis of viral respiratory tract infections in children by using a reverse transcription-pcr panel. | reverse transcription-pcr (rt-pcr) is a sensitive method for detection of rna virus nucleic acid sequences in clinical respiratory specimens. previous studies have focused on rt-pcr for a single virus, but this approach is limited by the inability to establish a specific etiology when the rt-pcr result is negative and by the inability to document simultaneous infections involving more than one virus. the purpose of this study was to apply a panel of rt-pcr protocols for respiratory syncytial vir ... | 1996 | 8748290 |
| the paramyxovirus simian virus 5 hemagglutinin-neuraminidase glycoprotein, but not the fusion glycoprotein, is internalized via coated pits and enters the endocytic pathway. | the hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (hn) and fusion (f) glycoproteins of the paramyxovirus simian virus 5 (sv5) are expressed on the surface of virus-infected cells. although the f protein was found to be expressed stably, the hn protein was internalized from the plasma membrane. hn protein lacks known internalization signals in its cytoplasmic domain that are common to many integral membrane proteins that are internalized via clathrin-coated pits. thus, the cellular pathway of hn protein internaliz ... | 1996 | 8741847 |
| characterization of bangor virus proteins by using monoclonal antibodies. | a new virus was isolated from a finch in quarantine in northern ireland in 1973. the virus had the morphological characteristics of a paramyxovirus, and was named bangor virus (bav). in order to identify the structural proteins of bav and to investigate the biological characterization of the virus, 28 monoclonal antibodies (mabs) directed against bav were prepared. eight of these mabs reacted with the nucleocapsid protein (np), 10 with hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (hn) protein, and 10 with fusion ... | 1996 | 8713029 |
| [notes on cases of meningitis admitted to the ospedale cotugno of naples in the period 1987-91]. | the notification of the cases of meningitis admitted to the hospital cotugno of naples in the period 1987-91 were analyzed by a retrospective study: aim of the study was to outline the epidemiological trend of meningitis and to evaluate the quality of the data around the change of the reporting system, which took place in 1991. we examined 566 clinical charts, selecting only the cases whose agents were identified. our data agree with the national and international literature, with the exception ... | 1995 | 8679175 |
| the role of interleukin-10 in the inhibition of t-cell proliferation and apoptosis mediated by parainfluenza virus type 3. | we have previously demonstrated that parainfluenza virus type 3 (piv3), a significant respiratory pathogen, can markedly inhibit t-cell function in vitro. we now report that the virus potently induces interleukin-10 (il-10) production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells. the il-10 produced contributes to viral inhibition of t-cell proliferation and protects t cells from piv3-mediated apoptosis. these findings suggest that il-10 is likely to play an important immunoregulatory role in piv3 infec ... | 1996 | 8676520 |
| viruses in the rna world. | 1996 | 8674576 | |
| "childhood" viruses as a cause of pneumonia in adults. | respiratory viruses are a common cause of morbidity in childhood. except in the child with immunodeficiency, the common respiratory viruses rarely pose a serious threat to life. because infection with most of these viruses in childhood is nearly universal and usually bestows partial immunity, the "childhood respiratory viruses" are not generally thought of as being a cause of disease in adults. however, adults who work around children, who are frequently exposed to other adults and children with ... | 1995 | 8668851 |
| first isolation of avian paramyxovirus serotype 3 in israel. | 1996 | 8650923 | |
| evaluation of who monoclonal antibody kit for diagnosis of acute respiratory viral infections. | in 1990 and 1991, six laboratories located in the who western pacific region (wpr) and south east asian region (sear) were selected, based on their experience in the immunofluorescence antibody technique (ifat), to participate in the evaluation of a who monoclonal antibody (mab) kit to detect respiratory syncytial (rs) virus, influenza a virus, influenza b virus, parainfluenza virus and adenovirus. despite differences in the initial standardization procedures, the who monoclonal antibodies were ... | 1995 | 8629057 |
| paramyxovirus-like inclusions. | 1995 | 8600815 | |
| isolation and characterization of paramyxoviruses from snakes and their relationship to avian paramyxoviruses. | several viruses were isolated from snakes which died during an outbreak of disease in a zoo. the viruses could be cultivated at 28 degrees c on a snake cell line (vh2, atcc ccl 140). in cell culture they formed syncytia, leading to destruction of the monolayer. the isolates were sensitive to treatment with chloroform but not to growth in the presence of iudr and revealed haemagglutinating activity with chicken erythrocytes. these results, combined with electron microscopic examination of the inf ... | 1995 | 8546020 |