Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| over-expression of the apple spermidine synthase gene in pear confers multiple abiotic stress tolerance by altering polyamine titers. | an apple spermidine synthase (spds) gene (mdspds1) was verified to encode a functional protein by the complementation of the spe3 yeast mutant, which lacks the spds gene. to justify our hypothesis that apple spds is involved in abiotic stress responses and to obtain transgenic fruit trees tolerant to abiotic stresses as well, mdspds1-over-expressing transgenic european pear (pyrus communis l. 'ballad') plants were created by agrobacterium-mediated transformation. a total of 21 transgenic lines s ... | 2008 | 17549601 |
| polymorphism of sfbb-gamma and its use for s genotyping in japanese pear (pyrus pyrifolia). | japanese pear (pyrus pyrifolia) exhibits the s-rnase-based gametophytic self-incompatibility where the pollen-part determinant, pollen s, had long remained elusive. recent identification of s locus f-box brothers (sfbb) in japanese pear and apple suggested that the multiple f-box genes are the pollen s candidates as they exhibited pollen specific expression, s haplotype-specific polymorphisms and linkage to the s locus. in japanese pear, three sfbbs were identified from a single s haplotype, and ... | 2007 | 17541597 |
| occurrence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in artisanal palmero cheese smoked with two types of vegetable matter. | palmero cheese is a fresh smoked cheese from the isle of palma (canary islands), manufactured with goat's milk. to guarantee its safety, the occurrence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pah) in artisanal palmero cheese smoked with 2 types of vegetable matter (almond shells and dry prickly pear) was studied. the determination of pah includes extraction and clean-up steps, followed by separation, identification, and quantification of pah by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in selected ion-m ... | 2007 | 17517711 |
| giardia lamblia infection diagnosed by endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration. | the protozoan giardia lamblia is a major cause of gastrointestinal disease worldwide. we report the case of a 59-yr-old male who presented to his primary care physician with complaints of abdominal pain and weight loss. imaging studies revealed a liver mass and a pancreatic head mass. biopsy of the liver mass proved to be benign, and endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration of the mass in the head of the pancreas showed no evidence of malignancy; however, numerous pear-shaped, binucle ... | 2007 | 17497659 |
| morphological features of spermatozoa of swamp buffalo ai bulls in thailand. | the appearance and incidence of sperm abnormalities was studied in 115 ejaculates, collected periodically over 1 year covering all seasons from five mature, healthy swamp buffalo (bubalus bubalis) bulls reared under tropical conditions and serving as the current source of semen for artificial insemination (ai) in thailand. light microscopy of stained smears was used to investigate sperm head shape morphology, while unstained wet smears were used to examine other sperm abnormalities. the most com ... | 2007 | 17493162 |
| cloning and characterization of a balsam pear class i chitinase gene (mcchit1) and its ectopic expression enhances fungal resistance in transgenic plants. | a balsam pear (momordica charantia l.) chitinase (mcchit1) was purified and sequenced at the n-terminal. the genomic and cdna coding sequences of mcchit1 were cloned by rapid amplification of 3' cdna ends (3'-race) and the y-shaped adaptor dependent extension (yade) method. sequence analysis showed that the mcchit1 protein is a class i chitinase containing a chitin-binding domain and a catalytic domain, but no c-terminal extension. northern blot indicated that the mcchit1 transcription is wound- ... | 2007 | 17485855 |
| spermiogenesis and sperm ultrastructure of deropristis inflata molin, 1859 (digenea, deropristidae), a parasite of anguilla anguilla. | to our knowledge, this paper describes the first ultrastructural results on spermiogenesis and the spermatozoon of a digenea belonging to the family deropristidae, deropristis inflata. spermiogenesis follows the usual pattern found in the digeneans, but a single noteworthy characteristic concerns the centriole, which presents a "prominent pear-shaped electron-dense region." spermiogenesis in d. inflata begins with the formation of a differentiation zone. the two centrioles give rise to flagella. ... | 2007 | 17484073 |
| influence of within-orchard trap placement on catch of codling moth (lepidoptera: tortricidae) in sex pheromone-treated orchards. | the influence of trap placement on catches of codling moth, cydia pomonella l., was examined in a series of studies conducted in orchards treated with isomate-c plus sex pheromone dispensers. mark-recapture tests with sterilized moths released along the interface of pairs of treated and untreated apple and pear plots found that significantly more male but not female moths were recaptured on interception traps placed in the treated plots. in a second test, significantly higher numbers of wild mal ... | 2007 | 17445378 |
| effect of shape on the dielectric properties of biological cell suspensions. | in this note, we analyze the effect of cell shape on the dielectric and conductometric behavior of biological cell suspension, in a frequency range where the interfacial polarization characteristic of highly heterogeneous systems occurs. we consider two different families of curves, both of them capable of generating a variety of symmetric or asymmetric shapes, ranging from oval, to dog-bone like, to lemniscate curves. these curves, which differ from those generally employed in dielectric models ... | 2007 | 17428746 |
| biocontrol of blue and gray mold diseases of pear fruit by integration of antagonistic yeast with salicylic acid. | this study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of the biocontrol yeast cryptococcus laurentii and salicylic acid (sa) in suppressing the blue and gray mould rots in pear fruit and to explore possible mode of action involved. our results showed that the combined treatment of pear fruit with c. laurentii with sa at 100 microg ml(-1) resulted in a remarkably improved control of penicillium expansum and botrytis cinerea infections, including the pre-inoculated p. expansum, in comparison with the ... | 2007 | 17428566 |
| the notch1/c-myc pathway in t cell leukemia. | the notch receptor family and its ligands (delta-like and jagged) have been found deregulated in several human cancers. we and the aster/pear group recently identified c-myc as a direct transcriptional target gene of the notch1 pathway in t cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (t-all). although the oncogenic roles of c-myc and notch1 are established, a direct link between notch1 and c-myc had not been demonstrated. importantly, our work in mouse tal1 tumor cell lines revealed that leukemic growth/s ... | 2007 | 17404512 |
| pear distillates from pear juice concentrate: effect of lees in the aromatic composition. | pear juice obtained from pear concentrate was fermented at room temperature using saccharomyces cerevisiae (bdx, enoferm, france) as the fermentation microorganism. during the fermentation process, total sugars were measured. high performance liquid chromatography analyses were used to monitor the fermentation process and to characterize the pear wine. the pear wine obtained was distilled with its lees using three different equipments: a glass alembic (a glass pot still coupled to a glass column ... | 2007 | 17394335 |
| increasing survival and efficacy of a bacterial biocontrol agent of fire blight of rosaceous plants by means of osmoadaptation. | the efficacy of pseudomonas fluorescens eps62e in the biocontrol of erwinia amylovora, the causal agent of fire blight of apple and pear, depends on the colonization of plant surfaces after spray application. a procedure to increase cell survival in the phyllosphere was developed consisting of saline stress and osmolyte amendment to the growth medium during inoculum preparation. hyperosmotic stress induced the synthesis of the osmolytes trehalose, n-acetylglutaminylglutamine amide and glucosyl-g ... | 2007 | 17391328 |
| aureobasidium pullulansas a biocontrol agent of blue mold in "rocha" pear. | the blue mold of "rocha" pear caused by penicillium expansum is an important postharvest disease which is adequately controlled by application of synthetic fungicides. in recent years, strategies like biological control have been considered a desirable alternative to chemicals. several studies have demonstrated the potential of the yeast-like fungus aureobasidium pullulans for control of postharvest decay of pear. a portuguese isolate of aureobasidium pullulans was characterized and evaluated fo ... | 2006 | 17390846 |
| brown spot control on pear: infection models versus the inoculum pressure in belgium. | stemphylium conidia and pleospora ascospores were monitored in pear orchards in the region of haspengouw in belgium during the infectious periods of brown spot disease (end may - end august) in the years 2002, 2004 and 2005. the seasonal and daily dynamics of the captured fungal spores are discussed and a correlation analysis was performed to determine possible correlation with weather parameters. furthermore the fungicide cover obtained by spraying upon climatological infection risk is compared ... | 2006 | 17390829 |
| identification and introduction of some iran pollinator bees of colletidae, halictidae, and megachilidae (hym: apoidea). | insufficient pollination results in less yield and low quality of crops. many vegetables depend on the cross pollination to produce valuable seeds or fruits. most flowering plants, fruit and seed formation are highly dependent on the activity of pollinator bees and in some crop such as alfalfa no seeds will form in the absence of bees. the most important crops of iran from stone fruits (peach, almond, plum, cherry and apricot), pome fruits (apple, pear and quince), alfalfa, clover, sunflower, et ... | 2006 | 17385532 |
| rapid idiopathic osteolysis of the humeral head and clavicle. | idiopathic osteolysis is a very rare bone condition of unknown origin. the length of the illness usually lasts for several years. the purpose of this paper is to point out the possibility of severely rapid progression of idiopathic osteolysis and to contribute to a better understanding of the natural history of gorham-stout disease. we report the case of a 58-year old man whose right humeral head and lateral clavicle had disappeared as a result of massive osteolysis observed only six months afte ... | 2006 | 17373306 |
| the syrinx of the male mallard (anas platyrhynchos): special anatomical features. | the aim of this study was to investigate the special anatomical and topographical features of the syrinx in male adult stock ducks (anas platyrhynchos). the syrinx of the mallard is a tracheobronchial type, consisting of a tympanum, a pessulus, medial tympaniform membranes, interanular membranes, an interbronchial ligament (bronchidesmus), and bronchosyringeal cartilage semi-rings. using a frozen sagittal section, it was possible to document the syringeal valve at the right lateral side of the t ... | 2007 | 17371385 |
| field evaluation of a botanical natural product against the pear psylla (homoptera: psyllidae). | a 2-yr field study was conducted to evaluate a botanical natural product, aksebio2, for control of pear psylla, cacopsylla pyri l. (homoptera: psyllidae). three applications were made each year. whereas the first application was applied at the dormant period (just before the first eggs were deposited by overwintered females), the second and third applications, respectively, were against the first and second summer generations of pear psylla. the first application deterred winterform females from ... | 2007 | 17370811 |
| multiple mating of male and female codling moth (lepidoptera: tortricidae) in apple orchards treated with sex pheromone. | studies were conducted with codling moth, cydia pomonella l., to evaluate the mating status of male and female moths in apple, malus domestica (borkhausen), orchards treated with and without sex pheromone dispensers. laboratory studies first examined the effect of multiple mating of male and female moths on female fecundity and egg fertility. females that had mated three times had a significantly higher fecundity than singly mated moths. sequential mating by male moths had no effect on the fecun ... | 2007 | 17349129 |
| common subtropical and tropical nonpollen food sources of the boll weevil (coleoptera: curculionidae). | it is known that substantial boll weevil, anthonomus grandis grandis boheman, individuals can survive mild subtropical winters in some habitats, such as citrus orchards. our study shows that endocarp of the fruit from prickly pear cactus, opuntia engelmannii salm-dyck ex. engel.; orange, citrus sinensis l. osbeck.; and grapefruit, citrus paradisi macfad., can sustain newly emerged adult boll weevils for >5 mo, which is the duration of the cotton-free season in the subtropical lower rio grande va ... | 2007 | 17349122 |
| aggregation pheromone of metamasius spinolae (coleoptera: curculionidae): chemical analysis and field test. | male metamasius spinolae (gylh.) produce several volatile compounds that are likely constituents of its aggregation pheromone. these compounds were identified by volatile collections and gas chromatography (gc), followed by coupled gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (gc-ms), as 2-methyl-4-heptanone [1], 6-methyl-2hepten-4-one [2], and 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-4-heptanone [3]. preliminary field experiments using synthetic racemates of these compounds showed that significantly more adult cactus weevil ... | 2007 | 17349116 |
| insecticide resistance may enhance the response to a host-plant volatile kairomone for the codling moth, cydia pomonella (l.). | the behavioral and electroantennographic responses of cydia pomonella (l.) to the ripe pear volatile ethyl (2e,4z)-2,4-decadienoate (et-e,z-dd), were compared in insecticide-susceptible and -resistant populations originating from southern france. a dose-response relationship to this kairomonal attractant was established for antennal activity and did not reveal differences between susceptible and resistant strains. conversely, males of the laboratory strains expressing metabolic [cytochrome p450- ... | 2007 | 17297628 |
| indole-3-acetic acid enhances the biocontrol of penicillium expansum and botrytis cinerea on pear fruit by cryptococcus laurentii. | this study evaluated the efficacy of indole-3-acetic acid (iaa) alone or with a biocontrol yeast, cryptococcus laurentii, in the inhibition of blue and gray mold diseases (penicillium expansum and botrytis cinerea) on pear fruit. the results demonstrated that a combination of c. laurentii with iaa at 100 microg ml(-1) was more effective in suppressing blue and gray mold infections on pear fruit than application of c. laurentii alone. iaa alone or with c. laurentii stimulated catalase, peroxidase ... | 2007 | 17286561 |
| leptographium piriforme sp. nov., from a taxonomically diverse collection of arthropods collected in an aspen-dominated forest in western canada. | during a survey of fungi associated with arthropods collected in a southern boreal mixed-wood forest in alberta we obtained 29 isolates of a unique species of leptographium. this species displayed a distinct combination of characteristics, including curved conidia on short-stipitate conidiophores, a secondary micronematous conidial state, stalked pear-shaped cells and an optimal growth rate at 35 c, and is described as leptographium piriforme sp. nov. the isolates were most similar morphological ... | 2007 | 17256580 |
| the hrpn(ea) harpin from erwinia amylovora triggers differential responses on the nonhost arabidopsis thaliana cells and on the host apple cells. | erwinia amylovora is a gram-negative necrogenic bacterium causing fire blight of the maloideae subfamily of rosaceae such as apple and pear. it provokes progressive necrosis in aerial parts of susceptible host plants (compatible interaction) and a hypersensitive reaction (hr) when infiltrated in nonhost plants (incompatible interaction). the hrpn(ea) harpin is a type three secretion system effector secreted by e. amylovora. this protein is involved in pathogenicity and hr-eliciting capacity of e ... | 2007 | 17249426 |
| pleiotropic mutations at the tup1 locus that affect the expression of mating-type-dependent functions in saccharomyces cerevisiae. | the umr7-1 mutation, previously identified in a set of mutants that had been selected for defective uv-induced mutagenesis at can1, affects other cellular functions, including many of those regulated by the mating-type locus (mat) in heterothallic saccharomyces cerevisiae. the recessive umr7-1 allele, mapping approximately 20 cm distal to thr4 on chromosome iii, causes clumpy growth in both a and alpha cells and has no apparent effect on a mating functions. however, alpha umr7 meiotic segregants ... | 1980 | 17249022 |
| s locus f-box brothers: multiple and pollen-specific f-box genes with s haplotype-specific polymorphisms in apple and japanese pear. | although recent findings suggest that the f-box genes sfb/slf control pollen-part s specificity in the s-rnase-based gametophytic self-incompatibility (gsi) system, how these genes operate in the system is unknown, and functional variation of pollen s genes in different species has been reported. here, we analyzed the s locus of two species of maloideae: apple (malus domestica) and japanese pear (pyrus pyrifolia). the sequencing of a 317-kb region of the apple s9 haplotype revealed two similar f ... | 2007 | 17237509 |
| epiphytic fitness of a biological control agent of fire blight in apple and pear orchards under mediterranean weather conditions. | the behaviour of pseudomonas fluorescens eps62e was investigated in apple and pear orchards under mediterranean climatic conditions. the trials studied the influence of weather conditions, plant host species, presence of indigenous microbial community and spread from treated to nontreated trees on colonization and survival. population dynamics were assessed by real-time pcr and cfu-counting methods. with inoculated flowers, weather conditions were optimal for colonization, and eps62e established ... | 2007 | 17233751 |
| sprayable microencapsulated sex pheromone formulation for mating disruption of oriental fruit moth (lepidoptera: tortricidae) in australian peach and pear orchards. | areawide mating disruption treatments have been effective in controlling infestation of oriental fruit moth, grapholita molesta (busck) (lepidoptera: tortricidae), in australian pome and stone fruit orchards. although successful, the areawide mating disruption program has been an expensive approach by using hand-applied isomate dispensers. sprayable microencapsulated (mec) pheromone formulations that can be applied with standard spray equipment could substantially reduce the cost of application. ... | 2006 | 17195672 |
| erwinia tasmaniensis sp. nov., a non-phytopathogenic bacterium from apple and pear trees. | bacteria were isolated from flowers and bark of apple and pear trees at three places in australia. in victoria, tasmania and queensland, strains with white colonies on nutrient agar were screened for dome-shaped colony morphology on agar with sucrose and were found to be closely related by several criteria. the isolates were not pathogenic on apples or pears. they were characterized by a polyphasic approach including microbiological and api assays as well as fatty acid methyl ester analysis, dna ... | 2006 | 17159002 |
| crystal structure of the human carboxypeptidase n (kininase i) catalytic domain. | human carboxypeptidase n (cpn), a member of the cpn/e subfamily of "regulatory" metallo-carboxypeptidases, is an extracellular glycoprotein synthesized in the liver and secreted into the blood, where it controls the activity of vasoactive peptide hormones, growth factors and cytokines by specifically removing c-terminal basic residues. normally, cpn circulates in blood plasma as a hetero-tetramer consisting of two 83 kda (cpn2) domains each flanked by a 48 to 55 kda catalytic (cpn1) domain. we h ... | 2007 | 17157876 |
| disruption of mating in codling moth (lepidoptera: tortricidae) by chlorantranilipole, an anthranilic diamide insecticide. | the influence of the anthranilic diamide insecticide chlorantranilipole (dpx-e2y45; rynaxypyr against the adult stage of codling moth, cydia pomonella l., was examined. insecticide residues in plastic cups sprayed with 56 mg ai l(-1) (equivalent to the recommended field rate) had a minimal effect on adult survival or fecundity, but significantly fewer female moths were mated in treated than in untreated cups. similar results were found in field studies with adults placed in screened cages on tre ... | 2007 | 17125149 |
| molecular features of new peach latent mosaic viroid variants suggest that recombination may have contributed to the evolution of this infectious rna. | nucleotide sequences of a broad range of peach latent mosaic viroid (plmvd) variants were determined. the variants were isolated from peach, pear, and almond tree samples collected in tunisia. sequence analysis confirmed the high variability of plmvd, as no less than 119 new variants were identified. variations included new polymorphic positions, insertions of 11 to 14 nucleotides, and new mutations within the hammerhead self-cleavage motifs. we provide the first covariation-based evidence for c ... | 2007 | 17113618 |
| conversion of paper sludge to ethanol, ii: process design and economic analysis. | process design and economics are considered for conversion of paper sludge to ethanol. a particular site, a bleached kraft mill operated in gorham, nh by fraser papers (15 tons dry sludge processed per day), is considered. in addition, profitability is examined for a larger plant (50 dry tons per day) and sensitivity analysis is carried out with respect to capacity, tipping fee, and ethanol price. conversion based on simultaneous saccharification and fermentation with intermittent feeding is exa ... | 2007 | 17106699 |
| ascorbic acid contents of pakistani fruits and vegetables. | fresh fruits and vegetables are good sources of vitamin c which is known for its antioxidant and immune-enhancing effects. the objective of this study was to determine ascorbic acid (vitamin c) contents of regularly consumed fruits and vegetables available in pakistani markets. most commonly used fresh fruits and vegetables were homogenized in 5% trichloroacetic acid, and ascorbic acid contents in the extracts were determined using a spectrophotometric method. banana, custard apple, orange, lemo ... | 2006 | 17105704 |
| gorham disease of bone: three cases and review of radiological features. | 2006 | 17097429 | |
| cutaneous lymphatic malformations in disappearing bone (gorham-stout) disease: a novel clue to the pathogenesis of a rare syndrome. | gorham-stout disease is an unusual, progressive syndrome of unknown etiology characterized by mono- or polyostotic osteolysis most often affecting children and young adults. the onset is insidious and the disease progresses to extensive and potentially disabling osteolysis often unresponsive to therapeutic intervention. although bone and soft tissue lesions are the most frequent manifestations of gorham-stout disease, skin lesions can occur and may provide a clue to the pathogenesis of this rare ... | 2007 | 17097379 |
| development of a caps marker system for genotyping european pear cultivars harboring 17 s alleles. | the full-length cdnas of eight s ribonucleases (s-rnases) were cloned from stylar rna of european pear cultivars that could not be characterized by the cleaved amplified polymorphic sequences (caps) marker system for genotyping european pear cultivars harboring nine s alleles sa, sb, sd, se, sh, sk, sl, sq, and sr. comparison of the nucleotide sequences between these cdnas and six putative s-rnase alleles previously amplified by genomic pcr revealed that five corresponded to the putative sc-, si ... | 2007 | 17061100 |
| [radiologic findings in gorham-stout syndrome]. | gorham-stout syndrome, also called "disappearing bone disease" or idiopathic massive osteolysis, is a rare disease of unknown etiology and pathogenesis. it is characterized by rapidly progressive localized massive osteolysis associated to a proliferation of vascular structures of benign origin in which the absence of new bone formation is representative. we present two cases (a six-year-old boy with affected right ulna, and a 15-year-old girl with right rib affection associated to chylothorax) o ... | 2017 | 17059207 |
| a delusion assessment scale for psychotic major depression: reliability, validity, and utility. | although delusions are the hallmark of major depression with psychotic features, a scale to measure the intensity of beliefs across multiple delusional domains in this condition has been unavailable. the development and assessment of the delusional assessment scale (das) are described. | 2006 | 17046724 |
| anatomical development of the fetal uterus. | the objective of this study was to gather data on the morphology of the uterus during its development, to provide detailed information regarding the neighboring structures and its variations using anatomical dissections. | 2007 | 17045762 |
| down co-regulation of light absorption, photochemistry, and carboxylation in fe-deficient plants growing in different environments. | the regulation of photosynthesis through changes in light absorption, photochemistry, and carboxylation efficiency has been studied in plants grown in different environments. iron deficiency was induced in sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.) by growing plants hydroponically in controlled growth chambers in the absence of fe in the nutrient solution. pear (pyrus communis l.) and peach (prunus persica l. batsch) trees were grown in field conditions on calcareous soils, in orchards with fe deficiency-chl ... | 2006 | 16969716 |
| effect of girdling above the abscission zone of fruit on 'bartlett' pear ripening on the tree. | pear fruit usually soften and develop a melting texture when harvested at the mature green stage and ripened. the reason why the fruit does not fully ripen on the tree is unknown. to clarify this, our attention was directed to the continuous supply of assimilates and/or other substances into the fruit via phloem transport. to determine the effect of inhibiting phloem transport on fruit ripening on the tree, a girdling treatment was applied to the branch above the abscission zone of 'bartlett' pe ... | 2006 | 16968877 |
| composting is an effective treatment option for sanitization of phytophthora ramorum-infected plant material. | to determine the effects of heat and composting treatments on the viability of the plant pathogen phytophthora ramorum grown on both artificial and various natural substrates. | 2006 | 16968293 |
| phenolic acids in berries, fruits, and beverages. | the contents of soluble and total phenolic acids were analyzed in samples of 29 berries and berry products, 24 fruits and fruit peels, and 12 beverages. variation of phenolic acids in berries was also studied. soluble phenolic acids were extracted with methanolic acetic acid, and a tentative quantification was performed by high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc). the total phenolic acid content was determined by hplc after alkaline and acid hydrolyses. the content of total phenolic acids a ... | 2006 | 16968082 |
| genetic differences between blight-causing erwinia species with differing host specificities, identified by suppression subtractive hybridization. | pcr-based subtractive hybridization was used to isolate sequences from erwinia amylovora strain ea110, which is pathogenic on apples and pears, that were not present in three closely related strains with differing host specificities: e. amylovora mr1, which is pathogenic only on rubus spp.; erwinia pyrifoliae ep1/96, the causal agent of shoot blight of asian pears; and erwinia sp. strain ejp556, the causal agent of bacterial shoot blight of pear in japan. in total, six subtractive libraries were ... | 2006 | 16963554 |
| anatomical basics and variations of the scapula in turkish adults. | to analyze the anatomical basis of the scapula, acromion, os acromiale, coracoid process, coraco-acromial arch, and glenoid cavity in turkish adults. | 2006 | 16951766 |
| effects of simulated microgravity on male gametophyte of prunus, pyrus, and brassica species. | in this study we evaluated the effect of simulated microgravity on pollen germination of both herbaceous and woody species in order to investigate the possibility of applying gametophytic selection for plant growth in the space environment. the behaviour of gametophytes exposed to the stress of clinostat rotation could be used to screen the degree of tolerance of the sporophyte to simulated microgravity. the use of male gametophyte selection overcomes the problems generally encountered by sporop ... | 2006 | 16937064 |
| effect of different fermentation conditions on the kinetic parameters and production of volatile compounds during the elaboration of a prickly pear distilled beverage. | an experimental design considering thermal treatment of must, yeast strain, prickly pear variety and degree of ripeness was chosen to evaluate the fermentation behavior and generation of volatile compounds, during the elaboration of a distilled beverage from prickly pear. four mexican prickly pear varieties were characterized physically and two of them were selected for fermentation studies. the thermal treatment of the must showed the highest statistical influence on fermentation behavior and p ... | 2006 | 16915396 |
| antimicrobial activity of essential oils on salmonella enteritidis, escherichia coli, and listeria innocua in fruit juices. | the antimicrobial properties of essential oils (eos) and their derivatives have been known for years. however, the information published about the minimal effective concentration of eos against microorganisms in fruit juices is scarce. in this study, both mic and mbc of six eos (lemongrass, cinnamon, geraniol, palmarosa, or benzaldehyde) against salmonella enteritidis, escherichia coli, and listeria innocua were determined by the agar and broth dilution methods, respectively. all of the six eos ... | 2006 | 16865889 |
| genetic mapping of the pear scab resistance gene vnk of japanese pear cultivar kinchaku. | pear scab (caused by venturia nashicola) is one of the most harmful diseases of pears, especially japanese and chinese pear species. the molecular identification and early selection of resistant plants could greatly improve pear breeding. we have identified the position of the scab resistance gene, designated vnk in an indigenous japanese pear cultivar kinchaku, within the pear genome by using simple sequence repeat (ssr) markers derived from pear and apple. the position of vnk was identified in ... | 2006 | 16838137 |
| retention of a european pear aroma model mixture using different types of saccharides. | eight types of microcapsules of european pear (la france) aroma model mixture were prepared, and their retained aroma components and sample microstructures (both surface and cross-section) were compared. the la france pear aroma model mixture was prepared by the mixing of hexanal and five kinds of esters. alpha-cyclodextrin (alpha-cd), gum arabic (ga), soybean soluble polysaccharide (ssps), and highly branched cyclic dextrin (hbcd) were used as carrier solids, and spray drying and freeze drying ... | 2006 | 16819918 |
| some toxicological studies of momordica charantia l. on albino rats in normal and alloxan diabetic rats. | momordica charantia l. (mc) (cucurbitaceae) commonly known as balsam pear, bitter gourd or karela, used in several purposes in traditional medicine is an important medicinal plant. two sets of experiments were carried out, the first experiment indicated that the ld(50) for mc juice and alcoholic extracts were 91.9 and 362.34 mg/100g b.wt., respectively, of subcutaneously "s.c." injected mice. the toxic signs were recorded within the first 24 h post-injection. the second experiment was performed ... | 2006 | 16815658 |
| myxobolus cuneus n. sp. (myxosporea) infecting the connective tissue of piaractus mesopotamicus (pisces: characidae) in brazil: histopathology and ultrastructure. | the characteristics of myxobolus cuneus n. sp. and its relationship to the host piaractus mesopotamicus are described based on light and electron microscopy and histological observations. polysporic plasmodia measuring 20 microm to 2.1 mm in size were found in 63.3 % of the p. mesopotamicus examined. the parasite was found in the gall bladder, urinary bladder, gills, spleen, fins, head surface, liver and heart. generative cells and disporoblastic pansporoblasts occurred along the periphery of th ... | 2006 | 16800122 |
| stable isotope and trace element profiling combined with classification models to differentiate geographic growing origin for three fruits: effects of subregion and variety. | classifications of geographic growing origin of three fresh fruits combining elemental profiles with various modeling approaches were determined. elemental analysis (ca, cd, cr, cu, fe, k, mg, mn, na, ni, p, v, and zn) of strawberry, blueberry, and pear samples was performed using inductively coupled plasma argon atomic emission spectrometer. bulk stable carbon and nitrogen isotope analyses in pear were performed using mass spectrometry as an alternative fingerprinting technique. each fruit, str ... | 2006 | 16786991 |
| diplectanids (monogenea) parasitic on the gills of the coralgroupers plectropomus laevis and p. leopardus (perciformes, serranidae) off new caledonia, with the description of five new species and the erection of echinoplectanum n. g. | echinoplectanum n. g. is erected for diplectanids which have a male copulatory organ comprising a tubular sclerotised penis with a muscular reservoir at its proximal extremity and an protrusible cirrus, often with spiny ridges, at its distal extremity, and a female copulatory organ comprising a sclerotised vaginal sac, often with two thin tubes. all species have similar squamodiscs made of rows of rodlets, with the central rows forming closed circles, and haptoral parts with a similar shape but ... | 2006 | 16786281 |
| the erwinia amylovora avrrpt2ea gene contributes to virulence on pear and avrrpt2ea is recognized by arabidopsis rps2 when expressed in pseudomonas syringae. | the enterobacterium erwinia amylovora is a devastating plant pathogen causing necrotrophic fire blight disease of apple, pear, and other rosaceous plants. in an attempt to identify genes induced during infection of host plants, we identified and cloned a putative effector gene, avrrpt2ea. the deduced amino-acid sequence of the translated avrrpt2ea protein is homologous to the effector protein avrrpt2 previously reported in pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato. these two proteins share 58% identity (7 ... | 2006 | 16776298 |
| determination of free amino compounds in betalainic fruits and vegetables by gas chromatography with flame ionization and mass spectrometric detection. | amino acids and amines are the precursors of betalains. therefore, the profiles of free amino compounds in juices obtained from cactus pears [opuntia ficus-indica (l.) mill. cv. bianca, cv. gialla, and cv. rossa], pitaya fruits [selenicereus megalanthus (k. schumann ex vaupel) moran, hylocereus polyrhizus (weber) britton & rose, and hylocereus undatus (haworth) britton & rose], and in extracts from differently colored swiss chard [beta vulgaris l. ssp. cicla (l.) alef. cv. bright lights] petiole ... | 2006 | 16756361 |
| the flavonol glycosides in the fruit of pyrus communis l. cultivar bon chrétien. | 1. two new flavonol glycosides were isolated from the fruit of pyrus communis l. cultivar bon chrétien. these were identified as isorhamnetin 3-rhamnogalactoside and a derivative of isorhamnetin 3-glucoside which was associated (possibly acylated) with an unknown aliphatic organic acid. 2. the melting point of isorhamnetin 3-glucoside isolated from bon chrétien pears is different from that of isorhamnetin 3-glucoside previously isolated from argemone mexicana and calendula officinalis. 3. isorha ... | 1965 | 16749105 |
| expansion of the sooty blotch and flyspeck complex on apples based on analysis of ribosomal dna gene sequences and morphology. | sooty blotch and flyspeck (sbfs) is a late-season disease of apple and pear fruit that cosmetically damages the cuticle, resulting in produce that is unacceptable to consumers. previous studies reported that four species of fungi comprise the sbfs complex. we examined fungal morphology and the internal transcriber spacer (its) and large subunit (lsu) regions of rdna of 422 fungal isolates within the sbfs complex from nine orchards in four midwestern states (usa) and compared them to previously i ... | 2005 | 16722219 |
| orientational behaviors and eag responses of male codling moth after exposure to synthetic sex pheromone from various dispensers. | the effect of brief pheromone exposures on responses of codling moth (cydia pomonella l.) males was tested by flight-tunnel and electroantennogram (eag) studies. males were preexposed to pheromone for up to 3 min as they sat in release cages or for shorter times (a few seconds to several min) upon initiating flights or orienting in plumes. brief exposures to isomate-c plus dispensers nearly eliminated moth orientations to 0.1 mg codlemone [(e,e)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol] and 0.1 mg three-component ( ... | 2006 | 16718560 |
| histopathological effects induced by paraquat during xenopus laevis primary myogenesis. | the oxidative agent paraquat induced tail abnormalities during xenopus laevis development. specimens exposed from blastula to the tadpole stage revealed pear-shaped myocytes and irregular intersomitic boundaries. the histological feature of the axial musculature was evaluated in embryos sampled at significant stages of the primary myogenesis. during the somitogenesis pq-treated embryos showed normal appearing myotomes, but reduced pas activity in the post-rotating myotomal cells, and myoblasts w ... | 2006 | 16712890 |
| activity of trans-2-hexenal against penicillium expansum in 'conference' pears. | to investigate the effects of trans-2-hexenal on blue mould disease, patulin content and fruit quality in 'conference' pears. | 2006 | 16696666 |
| gorham-stout syndrome in a male adolescent-case report and review of the literature. | gorham-stout syndrome is a rare disease characterized by vascular proliferation in the bones, effecting osteolysis. when it is complicated by chylothorax, the prognosis is poor. the present case illustrates successful management of chylothorax by a combination of surgery (thoracic duct ligation and excision of lymphangiomatous tissue combined with pleurodesis) and treatment with alpha-2b interferon. treatment in 38 published cases is reviewed. | 2006 | 16679920 |
| duropleural fistula as a consequence of gorham-stout syndrome: a combination of 2 rare conditions. | 2006 | 16678627 | |
| xylem sap proteins. | xylem sap from apple (malus domestica borkh), peach (prunus persica batsch), and pear (pyrus communis l.) twigs was collected by means of pressure extrusion. this sap contained a number of acidic peroxidases and other proteins. two other sources of xylem sap used in this study were stem exudates and guttation fluid. similar peroxidases were also found in stem exudates and guttation fluids of strawberry (fragaria x ananassa duch.), tomato (lycopersicum esculentum l.), and cucumber (cucumis sativu ... | 1991 | 16668227 |
| ethylene production by growing and senescing pear fruit cell suspensions in response to gibberellin. | a pear (pyrus communis l. cv passe crassane) cell suspension was used as a model system to study the influence of gibberellin on processes related to fruit ripening. growth of the cell cultures was inhibited and their loss of viability was accelerated when 0.5 millimolar gibberllic acid (ga(3)) was added to suspensions at two stages of cell development, namely, growth and quiescence. cell respiration rate was unaffected up to 2 millimolar ga(3) but ethylene production, both basal and 1-aminocycl ... | 1991 | 16668076 |
| infrared spectroscopy of plant cell cultures : noninvasive measurement of viability. | infrared spectroscopy was used to examine suspension-cultured pear (pyrus communis l.) and spartina pectinata cells. noninvasive measurements were made using internal reflectance sampling. spectra of actively growing cells exhibited a pronounced absorbance at 2343 reciprocal centimeters. the absorbance peak was identified and verified as co(2) dissolved in water. this peak was absent in nonviable cells. peak height was directly proportional to percent viability in artificial mixtures of viable a ... | 1991 | 16668026 |
| cell wall metabolism in ripening fruit: iv. characterization of the pectic polysaccharides solubilized during softening of ;bartlett' pear fruit. | fractionation of pectic polysaccharides from the juice of ripening ;bartlett' pears (pyrus communis) gave two general types of polyuronides. the major type was a homogalacturonan (hga) whose molecular weight decreased upon ripening. the other type comprised heteropolymers composed of various amounts of arabinose, rhamnose, and galactose. treatment of the major arabinose-containing heteropolymeric fraction of high molecular weight (400,000) with a pear exo-polygalacturonase to degrade contaminati ... | 1989 | 16666715 |
| inhibition of ethylene biosynthesis by salicylic acid. | salicylic acid inhibited ethylene formation from acc in self-buffered (ph 3.8) pear (pyrus communis) cell suspension cultures with a k(1) (app) of about 10 micromolar after 1 to 3 hours incubation. inhibition appeared noncompetitive. among 22 related phenolic compounds tested, only acetylsalicylic acid showed similar levels of inhibition. inhibition by salicylic acid was inversely dependent on the ph of the culture medium and did not require a continuous external supply of salicylate. when compa ... | 1988 | 16666393 |
| respiration and protein synthesis in nongrowing cultured pear fruit cells in response to ethylene and modified atmospheres: a model system for fruits postharvest. | the respiration of pear fruit (pyrus communis l. passe crassane) cells was monitored after subculture into an auxin-free, mannitol-enriched medium in which the cells remained viable but did not grow. respiration rates were affected by the presence or absence of sucrose in the medium even though the cells retained reserves of sucrose and starch. provided the medium contained respirable carbohydrate, exposure to ethylene (1-10 microliters per liter) increased the respiration rate with some acceler ... | 1988 | 16666187 |
| effects of elevated co(2) concentrations on glycolysis in intact ;bartlett' pear fruit. | mature intact ;bartlett' pear fruit (pyrus communis l.) were stored under a continuous flow of air or air + 10% co(2) for 4 days at 20 degrees c. fruit kept under elevated co(2) concentrations exhibited reduced respiration (o(2) consumption) and ethylene evolution rates, and remained firmer and greener than fruit stored in air. protein content, fructose 1,6-bisphosphate levels, and atp:phosphofructokinase and ppi:phosphofructokinase activities declined, while levels of fructose 6-phosphate and f ... | 1988 | 16666055 |
| protein synthesis associated with quiescence and senescence in auxin-starved pear cells. | pear fruit cells (pyrus communis l. cv passe crassane) stopped dividing when subcultured in a bioreactor under auxin starvation in the presence of 0.37 molar mannitol. the cessation of cell division was preceded by the accumulation of a specific basic polypeptide of 24 kilodalton. readdition of 2.3 micromolar 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-d) neither caused a resumption of cell division nor depressed the accumulation of this polypeptide. under complete auxin starvation, cells began to die a ... | 1987 | 16665710 |
| inhibition of pear fruit ripening by mannose. | softening of the flesh and the rise in ethylene evolution and respiration associated with ripening in pear (pyrus communis l.) fruit was delayed when mannose was vacuum infiltrated into intact fruit. the extent of delay could be modified by altering the concentration or the volume of mannose applied to the fruit. inhibition of ripening was associated with phosphorylation of mannose to mannose 6-phosphate (m6p), and accumulation of m6p was associated with lowered levels of inorganic phosphate (pi ... | 1987 | 16665683 |
| effect of high temperature on calcium uptake by suspension-cultured pear fruit cells. | uptake of ca(2+) by suspension-cultured pear (pyrus communis l. cv passe crassane) cells and protoplasts was significantly enhanced by exposure to 38 degrees c compared to 25 degrees c. the increased uptake was specific for ca(2+) and was not due to cell wall binding. tissues pretreated at 38 degrees c showed increased uptake even upon return to 25 degrees c. treatment with carbonylcyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone, salicylhydroxamic acid + kcn, or arsenite also increased ca(2+) content of cells. ... | 1987 | 16665390 |
| purification of d'anjou pear (pyrus communis l.) polyphenol oxidase. | polyphenol oxidase (ppo) was extensively purified to homogeneity from d'anjou pear (pyrus communis l.) by extraction in the presence of the phenolic binder ag 2-x8 andtriton x-100. chlorophyll pigment was removed by chromatography resulting in a clear, colorless enzyme extract. purification of pear ppo was achieved after chromatography on phenyl sepharose cl-4b, deae-cellulose, and hydroxylapatite columns. only after the columns were run at room temperature rather than at 4 degrees c were sharp ... | 1985 | 16664226 |
| heat stress responses in cultured plant cells : heat tolerance induced by heat shock versus elevated growing temperature. | using cultured pear (pyrus communis cv bartlett) cells, heat tolerance induced by heat shock was compared to that developed during growth at high temperature. after growth at 22 degrees c, cells exposed to 38 degrees c for 20 minutes (heat shock) showed maximum increased tolerance within 6 hours. cells grown at 30 degrees c developed maximum heat tolerance after 5 to 6 days; this maximum was well below that induced by heat shock. heat shock-induced tolerance was fully retained at 22 degrees c fo ... | 1984 | 16663703 |
| heat stress responses in cultured plant cells : effect of culture handling and age. | the pipetting of pear (pyrus communis cv bartlett) suspension cultures was followed by a substantial but transient decrease in heat sensitivity. during a culture cycle, pear cells were most sensitive to heat at day 3, which coincided with the period of most active cell division. to minimize serious artifacts, the influence of culture handling and age on parameters such as heat sensitivity must be standardized. | 1984 | 16663538 |
| ethylene production by auxin-deprived, suspension-cultured pear fruit cells in response to auxins, stress, or precursor. | auxin-deprived, mannitol-supplemented, suspension-cultured pear (pyrus communis l. passe crassane) fruit cells produce large quantities (20-40 nanoliters ethylene per 10(6) cells per hour) of ethylene in response to auxins, cucl(2) or 1-amino-cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (acc). maximum rates of production are achieved about 12 hours after the addition of optimal amounts of indoleacetic acid (iaa), naphthalene acetic acid (naa), 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-d), 4 to 5 hours after the add ... | 1983 | 16663320 |
| heat stress responses in cultured plant cells : development and comparison of viability tests. | the response of suspension-cultured pear (pyrus communis cv bartlett) cells to heat stress was studied using three viability tests: regrowth (culture growth during 10 days after stress); triphenyltetrazolium chloride reduction; and electrolyte leakage. critical (50% injury) temperatures for a 20-minute exposure were 42 degrees , 52 degrees , and 56 degrees c, respectively, for these viability tests. electrolyte leakage had the lowest temperature coefficient. heat stress inhibition of triphenylte ... | 1983 | 16663091 |
| cell wall metabolism in ripening fruit : iii. purification of an endo-beta-1,4-xylanase that degrades a structural polysaccharide of pear fruit cell walls. | a beta-1,4-xylanase has been purified from the mixture of carbohydrate-degrading enzymes found in a commercial preparation from cultures of trichoderma viride. purification from the desalted enzyme mixture is accomplished either by preparative isoelectric focusing or in two-column chromatographic steps. the xylanase has maximal activity at ph 5.0 and a molecular weight of approximately 13,000 daltons. the enzyme loses activity when heated to above 45 degrees c. the xylanase degrades xylans from ... | 1983 | 16663064 |
| some physiological changes occurring during the senescence of auxin-deprived pear cells in culture. | part of the changes in the hormonal balance involved in plant senescence is due to an auxin limitation. some of its physiological consequences are studied using pear (pyrus communis l.) cells cultured in a continuously renewed medium in which 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-d) was absent. in these conditions, an assessment was made of the absence of nutrient deficiency.in the period preceding cell death, the rate of respiration and ethylene production remain low, and no major changes were ob ... | 1982 | 16662398 |
| polyribosomes from pear fruit: ii. changes occurring in pulp tissues during ripening and senescence. | detailed analyses of polysome profiles from lyophilized pulp tissues of pear fruits (pyrus communis l. cv. passe-crassane) at different stages of ripening and senescence, and estimates of the amount of polysomal-associated mrna, lead to the conclusions that during senescence (ripening), the ripening and the over-ripening processes can clearly be separated and respectively linked to the first and the second increase in the large mrna species. ethylene synthesis which occurs at the beginning of a ... | 1982 | 16662314 |
| characterization and partial purification of aldose-6-phosphate reductase (alditol-6-phosphate:nadp 1-oxidoreductase) from apple leaves. | aldose-6-phosphate reductase (alditol 6-phosphate:nadp 1-oxidoreductase) was isolated and characterized from mature apple leaves (malus domestica cv. starkrimson). the enzyme was purified 79-fold. the enzyme catalyzed the following reversible reaction: d-glucose 6-phosphate + nadph + h(+) right arrow over left arrow d-sorbitol 6-phosphate + nadp(+). no activity was detected when nad(+) was substituted for nadp(+) or when nadh was substituted for nadph. the enzyme reduced d-galactose 6-phosphate ... | 1981 | 16661614 |
| cell wall metabolism in ripening fruit: ii. changes in carbohydrate-degrading enzymes in ripening ;bartlett' pears. | mature ;bartlett' pear (pyrus communis) fruits were ripened at 20 c. fruits at different stages of ripeness were homogenized, and extracts of the low speed pellet (crude cell wall) were prepared. these extracts contained polygalacturonase, pectin esterase, and activity against seven p-nitrophenyl glycoside substrates. polygalacturonase, alpha-galactosidase, and alpha-mannosidase increased in activity as the fruit ripened. cellulase and activities against pear wall xylan and arabinan were absent ... | 1980 | 16661276 |
| cell wall metabolism in ripening fruit: i. cell wall changes in ripening ;bartlett' pears. | ;bartlett' pear (pyrus communis) fruits were picked at the mature, green stage and ripened at 20 c. fruits at different stages of ripeness (based on flesh firmness) were homogenized, and the sugar and uronic acid contents of cell wall and soluble polysaccharides were determined. substantial amounts of galacturonic acid and arabinose were lost from the wall fraction as the fruit ripened. most of this cell wall material was recovered, in an 80% (volume/volume) ethanol-insoluble form, from the solu ... | 1980 | 16661275 |
| effects of aminoethoxyvinylglycine and countereffects of ethylene on ripening of bartlett pear fruits. | pear fruits (pyrus communis l. var. bartlett) were treated with solutions containing aminoethoxyvinylglycine (avg) using a modified vacuum infiltration method that introduced 4.3 milliliters solution per 100 grams tissue. at concentrations of 1 millimolar, avg strongly inhibited ethylene production and delayed for 5 days the respiratory climacteric and accompanying ripening changes in skin color and flesh firmness. avg was less effective in inhibiting the ripening of more mature fruits. fruit in ... | 1980 | 16661193 |
| polyribosomes from pear fruit: changes during ripening and senescence. | polysome profiles were examined from lyophilized peel tissue of ripening pear (pyrus communis, l. var. passe-crassane). messenger rna chains bearing up to eight ribosomes (octamers) were resolved and exhibited the highest absorption peak when ribonuclease activity was eliminated during extraction. neither normal ripening nor the increase of large polyribosomes that normally accompanies ripening and senescence of the fruit occurred when pretreatment at 0 c was omitted. normal ripening and increas ... | 1979 | 16661101 |
| senescence of pear fruit cells cultured in a continuously renewed, auxin-deprived medium. | auxins and cytokinins support cell division in tissue and cell cultures. in cytokinin-independent pear (pyrus communis) cells, omission of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-d) from the medium for two successive transfers leads to rapid cell lysis, unless the osmolarity is raised to 0.4 molar with mannitol. use of this system (nutrients plus mannitol minus 2,4-d) for the study of cell senescence was explored both in batch culture and in a system designed to permit medium renewal without withdra ... | 1979 | 16661060 |
| ultrastructural changes in the cell walls of ripening apple and pear fruit. | ultrastructural changes in the cell walls of "calville de san sauveur" apples (malus sylvestris mill) and "spadona" pear (pyrus communis l.) fruit were followed during ripening. in apple, structural alterations in cell walls became apparent at advanced stages of softening and showed predominantly dissolution of the middle lamella. in pears softening was also associated with the dissolution of the middle lamella, and in addition a gradual disintegration of fibrillar material throughout the cell w ... | 1979 | 16660931 |
| temperature-dependent changes in the polysomal population of senescent (ripening) pear fruit. | a loss and recovery of polysomes coincident with the temperature-dependent interruption and resumption of pear fruit (pyrus communis, l.) senescence establishes a close correlation between the presence of protein-synthesizing machinery and the progression of senescence and ripening. | 1977 | 16660215 |
| effect of aminoethoxy analog of rhizobitoxine on ripening of pears. | ripening reactions in pears (pyrus communis l.) were differentially affected by an aminoethoxy analog of rhizobitoxine (l-2-amino-4-[2-aminoethoxy]-trans-3-butenoic acid) (aar). ethylene production of both ;anjou' and ;bartlett' pears was inhibited by aar. decrease in firmness, increase in protein n and soluble pectin were delayed by aar in ;anjou' but not in ;bartlett' pears. while loss in malic acid was retarded in ;anjou' pears, rates of citric acid accumulation and malic acid reduction were ... | 1977 | 16659890 |
| involvement of hydrogen peroxide in the regulation of senescence in pear. | endogenous peroxide levels in pear fruit (pyrus communis) were measured using a titanium assay method, and were found to increase during senescence in both bartlett and bosc varieties. application of glycolic acid or xanthine, serving as substrates for the formation of h(2)o(2), increased the peroxide content of the tissue and accelerated the onset of ripening, as measured by increased softening and ethylene evolution. application of ethylene also induced increased peroxide levels. ripening proc ... | 1977 | 16659863 |
| plant cuticles are polyelectrolytes with isoelectric points around three. | the isoelectric points of isolated cuticles from citrus aurantium l. (3.15), prunus armeniaca l. (3.45), and pyrus communis l. (2.90) leaves were determined from membrane potentials. at ph values below the isoelectric point, cuticular membranes carry a net positive charge and are permselective to anions (determined using (82)br(-)). above the isoelectric point, they carry a net negative charge and are permselective to cations (determined using (24)na(+)). there are no gradients of fixed charges ... | 1977 | 16659804 |
| changes in isoperoxidases during cold treatment of dormant pear embryo. | the number of isoperoxidases and the intensity of certain isozymes increased with increasing periods of stratification of pear (pyrus communis cv. bartlett) embryos. the presence of ga(3) or kinetin during stratification enhanced the activity of certain isoperoxidases, and these enhancements were blocked in the presence of aba which by itself had an inhibitory effect. enhancement in isoperoxidases of pear embryos during stratification was inhibited by 6-methylpurine and cycloheximide; and in the ... | 1976 | 16659412 |
| evidence for covalently attached p-coumaric acid and ferulic acid in cutins and suberins. | p-coumaric acid (4-hydroxycinnamic acid) and ferulic acid (4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamic acid) have been identified as constituents of cutin. their reduction products were isolated from a phenolic fraction released from the cutin of the fruits of apple, peach, pear, and two varieties of tomato and apple leaf by treatment with lialh(4) or liald(4). they were identified by combined gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. p-coumaric acid was present in all samples of cutin (0.07-0.53% by weight), w ... | 1975 | 16659364 |
| ripening and in vitro retention of respiratory control by avocado and pear mitochondria. | the retention of respiratory control ("survival") by mitochondria held at 25 c was studied in relation to the ripening of two varieties of avocado (persea americana mill. var. ;fuerte' and ;hass') and one variety of pear (pyrus communis. l. var. ;bartlett') fruit. the survival of avocado mitochondria increased from 8 to 10 hours when isolated from unripe, preclimacteric fruit, to 48 hours when isolated from fully ripe, postclimacteric fruits. although rates of alpha-ketoglutarate oxidation, resp ... | 1975 | 16659279 |
| oxidative turnover of auxins in relation to the onset of ripening in bartlett pear. | pears (pyrus communis var. bartlett) kept in 100% o(2) showed an increase in the rate of softening, chlorophyll degradation, and ethylene evolution. the o(2) application could overcome, in part, the inhibition of ripening by 1 mm indoleacetic acid. ripening of pears was also accelerated by the application of solutions containing indoleacetic acid-oxidation products, obtained by an overnight incubation of 0.1 and 1 mm indoleacetic acid with traces of h(2)o(2) and horseradish peroxidase. although ... | 1975 | 16659106 |
| purification and some properties of two polyphenol oxidases from bartlett pears. | two polyphenol oxidases (enzymes a and b) from bartlett pear (pyrus communis) peelings were purified to electrophoretic homogeneity according to polyacrylamide gel by a combination of sephadex gel filtration, diethylaminoethyl cellulose chromatography and hydroxyl apatite chromatography. while the two enzymes differ electrophoretically at ph 9.3, chromatographically on hydroxyl apatite, and in the effect of ionic strength on activity, they are similar with respect to chromatography on diethylami ... | 1973 | 16658592 |